Unit 6 必背知识清单2-2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级上册

Read and recite it one more time, and you'll really get the hang of it. --- Allan 2025译林版牛津英语八上学霸必背知识清单 Unit 6 Seasons Grammar 1. 行为动词 · 不及物动词（vi.）本身意义完整，无需接宾语，句子结构为：主语（S）+ 谓语（V）； He runs for one hour every morning. 他每天早晨跑一个小时。 · 及物动词（vt.）本身意义不完整，需接宾语（名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式），句子结构为：主（S）+ 谓（V）+ 宾（O）； After finishing her homework, Lily passed it to her teacher. 完成作业后，莉莉把它交给了老师。 I plan to play basketball with my friends after school. 我打算放学后和我的朋友们打篮球。 He is looking after his sick sister at home. 他正在家里照顾他生病的妹妹。 2. 系动词 · 系动词不能单独做谓语，需接表语（predicative），说明主语的状况、性质、特征等，距句子结构为：主（S）+ 系（V）+ 表（P）。系动词分为be动词（am、is、are等）、感官动词（look、smell、sound、feel、taste等）、表“变化”的动词（become、get、turn、grow等）、表“保持”的动词（keep、stay等）和表“似乎”的动词（seem、appear等）。 The English story about Spring Festival sounds very interesting and moving. 这个关于春节的英语故事听起来非常有趣且感人。 3. Farmers harvest crops all day. 农民们整天收割庄稼。 · all day  一整天，从早到晚 It rained all day yesterday. 昨天下了一整天的雨。 4. The wind is blowing hard. (P84)风很大。 · blow v. 吹，刮（过去式：blew） blow away 吹走 blow out 吹灭 Listen! Can you hear the wind blowing outside? 听！你能听到外面刮风的声音吗？ 5. The sun shines. 太阳光芒四射。 · shine v. 发光，照耀（过去式：shone） Her eyes shone with excitement when she heard the good news. 听到好消息时，她的眼睛因兴奋而闪闪发光。 · shiny adj. （光滑表面）发亮的，闪光的 She bought a shiny new car. 她买了一辆闪亮的新车。 Word power 1. The heat of the sun makes people sleepy in the afternoon. 太阳的热量让人在下午感到困倦 · make sb. + 形容词 使人处于某种状态 make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 Your help made the job much easier. 你的帮助让这项工作容易多了。 My mom makes me clean my room every weekend. 我妈妈让我每个周末打扫房间。 · heat n. 热; 热量； v. (使)变热 → hot adj. 热的 The heat from the sun helps plants grow. 来自太阳的热量帮助植物生长。 Please heat the milk before you drink it. 喝之前请先把牛奶热一热。 2. The sudden heavy rain may bring lots of problems. 突如其来的大雨可能会带来很多问题。 · sudden adj. 突然的 → suddenly adv. 突然地 Her sudden illness worried us all. 她突然的生病让我们大家都很担心。 Suddenly, she looked ten years older. 突然间，她看起来老了10岁。 Everything changed so suddenly.一切都变得如此突然。 3. Heavy fog is not healthy for people. 浓雾不利于人体健康。 · heavy fog 浓雾 · be (not) healthy for 对……健康（没）有益 Junk food is not healthy for kids. 垃圾食品对孩子健康没有益处。 Integration 1. They divided the year into 24 parts—these are the 24 Solar Terms. 他们将一年划分为 24 个时段—这便是二十四节气。 · divide ... into ... 把……分成……（主动） → be divided into ... 被分成......（被动） The teacher divided the class into four groups. 老师把班级分成了四个小组。 The cake is divided into 6 pieces before we start the birthday party. 生日派对开始前，蛋糕会被分成 6 块。 2. The terms start with the Beginning of Spring and end with the Major Cold. 这些节气从立春开始，到大寒结束。 · start with ... 以……开始 start to do sth. /start doing sth. 开始做某事 When learning a new word, we can start with its pronunciation. 学习新单词时，我们可以从发音开始。 When the bell rings, the students start to read/reading English. 铃声响起时，学生们开始读英语。 · end with 以…… 结束 in the end 最后（= at last） at the end of .... 在...结尾时 The party ended with a beautiful song—everyone sang along happily. 派对以一首动听的歌曲结束，大家都开心地跟着唱。 In the end, we decided to visit the museum instead of the park. 最后，我们决定去参观博物馆，而不是公园。 My dad will come back from Beijing at the end of next month. 我爸爸下个月底会从北京回来。 3. The terms also have important cultural meanings beyond farming. 这些节气除农业之外，还承载着重要的文化内涵。 · beyond +名词/代词/动名词 “超出……的范围”（时间、空间、数量、能力、理解等） This math problem is beyond me—I can’t solve it. 这道数学题超出了我的能力范围，我解不出来。 His kindness is beyond words—we can’t thank him enough. 他的善良难以用言语形容，我们感激不尽。 · beyond +名词/代词/动名词 “除……之外” （= besides，强调 “额外包含”） Beyond English, she also speaks French and Japanese. 除了英语，她还会说法语和日语。 4. Some of them are connected with traditional festivals. 其中一些（节气）与传统节日有关联。 · be connected with 与……有关联（被动，侧重抽象关联）→ connect A with B 把A和B联系起来（主动） People always connect the Mid-Autumn Festival with mooncakes and family reunions. 人们总把中秋节和月饼、家庭团聚联系起来。 Red is connected with good luck and happiness in many cultures. 在许多文化中，红色与好运和幸福有关联。 · be connected to ... 被连接到......上（被动，侧重物理连接）→ connect A to B 把 A 接到 B 上（主动） Can you help me connect my phone to the Wi-Fi? 你能帮我把手机连到 Wi-Fi 上吗？ The village is connected to the city by a new bridge built last year. 这个村庄通过去年新建的一座桥被连接到城市。 5. They have had a positive effect on Chinese culture for thousands of years. 数千年来，它们对中国文化产生了积极的影响。 · positive adj. 正面的; 积极的；肯定的 → negative adj. 负面的；消极的；否定的 · effect n. 影响，结果 have an effect on ... 对……有影响 Planting more trees has a positive effect on the environment. 多植树对环境有积极影响。 Staying up late has a negative effect on your health and study. 熬夜对你的健康和学习有负面影响。 · for thousands of years 数千年来（for + 时间段，常与现在完成时连用） Chinese people have celebrated the Spring Festival for thousands of years. 中国人庆祝春节已有数千年历史。 6. How are you doing? 你近来好吗？ · How are you doing? “你近来好吗？” 口语中常用的问候语，与“How are you?” 含义相近，但更随意，适合家人、朋友之间，回答通常用“I’m fine/OK”等。 7. The weather is so awful. 天气太糟糕了。 · awful adj. 糟糕的，极讨厌的（语气比“bad”更强） What an awful day! I missed the bus and got wet in the rain. 多么糟糕的一天！我没赶上公交车，还被雨淋了。 · weather n. 天气（不可数名词，不用 a/an 修饰） What warm and comfortable weather it is for a picnic! 多么温暖舒适的天气，适合去野餐呀！ How awful the weather was yesterday—we couldn’t go out! 昨天的天气多么糟糕啊—我们都没法出门！ 8. I can order things for you online, Grandpa. 我可以帮你在线订购东西，爷爷。 · order vt./n. 订购; 点餐；命令 order sb. (not) to do sth. 命令某人做某事 He ordered a cup of coffee and a sandwich for breakfast. 他点了一杯咖啡和一个三明治当早餐。 Dad ordered my brother not to play video games at night. 爸爸命令我弟弟不要在晚上玩电子游戏。 · in order (not) to do sth. 为了（不）做某事 in order有条理地 → put sth. in order 把……整理好（物品/文件） We take notes carefully in order not to forget important knowledge. 我们认真记笔记是为了不忘记重要的知识。 I spent an hour putting my books in order on the shelf. 我花了一个小时把书架上的书整理好。 9. I can manage. 我能应付得来。 · I can manage. 我自己能应付/处理。（口语表达，既委婉拒绝过度帮助，又不让对方担心） · manage to do sth. 设法做成某事 She managed to finish her homework before the party started. 她设法在派对开始前完成了作业。 10. Feel free to call us if you need help. 如果你需要帮助，随时给我们打电话。 · feel free to do sth. 随意做某事；尽管做某事 If you have any questions, feel free to ask me after class. 如果有任何问题，课后尽管问我。 If you can’t finish the task alone, feel free to ask your classmates for help. 如果你无法独自完成任务，尽管向同学求助。 · if 引导条件状语从句，遵循 “主将/祈从现” 原则 If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. 如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。 If you can’t remember the grammar rule, feel free to ask me. 如果你记不住这个语法规则，尽管问我。 11. Everything is covered in deep white snow. Even the lakes and rivers are frozen. 万物都被厚厚的白雪覆盖着，甚至连湖泊和河流都结了冰。 · be covered in/with 被……覆盖 deep white snow 厚厚的白雪 The roof is covered with/in leaves after the wind. 大风过后，屋顶上覆盖着树叶。 · frozen adj. 结冰的，冷冻的 → 动词：freeze--froze--frozen 结冰；冻僵；感到极冷 My mom bought some frozen dumplings from the supermarket—we can cook them for dinner. 妈妈从超市买了些冷冻饺子，我们晚饭可以煮来吃。 The lake usually freezes in late December in my hometown. 我家乡的湖通常在 12 月底结冰。 I forgot to close the window, and my hands froze when I got up this morning. 我忘了关窗户，今天早上起床时我的手冻僵了。 12. We throw snowballs at each other, running and laughing. 我们互相扔雪球，边跑边笑。 · throw v. 扔；投（过去式为 threw，过去分词为 thrown）。 throw...at... 向……扔…… throw away 扔掉丢弃 During the Spring Festival cleaning, we threw away a lot of useless things and decorated the house. 春节大扫除时，我们扔掉了很多没用的东西，然后装饰了房子。 · running and laughing 是现在分词短语作伴随状语，说明动作 “throw” 发生时伴随的状语 During the Spring Festival, we visited our relatives, bringing gifts and sending best wishes.（春节期间，我们走亲访友，带着礼物，送上美好祝福。 13. We also make snowmen and use carrots for their noses. 我们还堆雪人，用胡萝卜做他们的鼻子。 · make snowmen 堆雪人 · use sth. for (doing) sth. 用某物 “来做某事”（侧重用途/目的） use sth. to do sth. 用某物 “去做某事”（侧重动作/方式） People use red paper for making Spring Festival couplets.人们用红纸来写春联。 Students use notebooks to take notes in class. 学生用笔记本在课堂上做笔记。 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $