专题4 第1讲 有提示词类语法填空(Word教参)-【精讲精练】2026年高考英语二轮专题辅导与训练

该高中英语讲义聚焦高考语法填空核心考点，将有提示词类（动词、名词、形容词副词、代词）与无提示词类（从句、连词、冠词、介词）按考向细分，通过考点梳理、技法归纳、真题精讲（2023-2025年真题）、分层练习四环节，帮助学生构建知识网络，突破语法填空难点。 资料采用考向细分与策略化突破法，如动词考点中“谓语动词三步骤”（时态语态、主谓一致）和“非谓语四步法”（成分分析、主被动关系），培养学生思维品质与学习能力。设置基础巩固、能力提升分层练习，配合即时反馈，保障复习效率，助力学生提升语言能力，为教师把控复习节奏提供精准指导。

[对应学生用书P66] 卷别 年份 体裁 主题语境 ＋内容 有提示词 无提示词 谓语 动词 非谓 语 形容词、 副词 名词 代词 从句 并列 连词 冠词 介词 全国一卷 2025 说明文 人与社会：围棋主题艺术展 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 新课标Ⅰ卷 2024 说明文 人与社会：英国丝路花园 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 2023 说明文 人与社会：小笼包 1 3 2 1 1 1 1 全国二卷 2025 记叙文 人与自我：体验中国的乡间生活 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 新课标Ⅱ卷 2024 说明文 人与社会：汤显祖与莎士比亚 2 3 0 2 1 1 1 2023 记叙文 人与社会：教饲养员英语 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 [对应学生用书P66] 第1讲　有提示词类语法填空 [对应学生用书P67] 考法1　提示词为动词 提示词为动词类设空是历年高考的必考点，也是难点之一。因此备考时对提示词为动词类的训练仍是重中之重。 考向1　考查谓语动词 　(2025·全国一卷) “The players' personalities (reveal) during the game，and one's weaknesses are exposed to the opponent，” she adds. [自主解答]　are revealed [解题思路]　分析句子结构可知，本句由并列连词 and 连接两个分句，构成并列句。每个分句都必须有独立的谓语，故提示词为谓语动词。此处描述的是客观情况，应用一般现在时。主语中心词personalities是复数，且与reveal之间为被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。 　(2025·全国二卷) And in the process，I've experienced things that really surprise me at times.The “sunshine scent(香味) ”of freshly sunned clothes (be)one of them. [自主解答]　is [解题思路]　本句为简单句。句子的主干是The “sunshine scent” (be) one of them为主系表结构，设空处为系动词，故不存在被动语态。此处描述客观事实，故用一般现在时；主语The “sunshine scent”为单数，故系动词用单数形式。 　(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) Further，the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse (walk)visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road，by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time. [自主解答]　walks [解题思路]　本句为复合句。句子主干为 “the Silk Route Garden... (walk) visitors through a journey”，其中 “by which” 引导定语从句，因此设空处为谓语动词。从语境来看，此处描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时。动词 walk在此处意为 “带领……穿行，引导…… 体验”，与主语the Silk Route Garden构成主动关系，故用主动语态。主语the Silk Route Garden为单数，故谓语动词用第三人称单数。 [技法归纳] 考向2　考查非谓语动词 　(2025·全国一卷) “The exhibition brings together Go culture，cutting-edge technology and contemporary art，” says Tu.“We hope (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context，and initiate dialogues with minimalist art，conceptual art and expressionism.” [自主解答]　to present [解题思路]　本句中的提示词为动词，分析句子可知，整个句子为简单句，主干为we hope。一个简单句中通常只能有一个谓语动词，故“present”为非谓语动词。本空考查“hope to do sth”结构，表示“希望做某事”。 　(2025·全国二卷) Growing up，my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing，denying me the chance (discover)one of the great wonders of sunshine—the sweet“sunshine scent”after sunning clothes for an entire day. [自主解答]　to discover [解题思路]　本句为简单句。分析句子结构可知，本句谓语为used，故设空处为非谓语动词；根据句意可知，设空处在句中作后置定语，修饰chance。chance后常用不定式作后置定语，表示“做某事的机会”。 　(2025·全国二卷) If you've never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt (leave)to sun for a day，well，you're missing out on one of life's wonders. [自主解答]　left [解题思路]　本句为复合句。设空处位于if引导的条件状语从句中，从句已有谓语have experienced，故设空处为非谓语动词；根据句意可知，设空处在句中作后置定语，且设空处与a sheet or shirt之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式。 　(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) These sepals open on warm days (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. [自主解答]　to give [解题思路]　本句为简单句。分析句子成分可知，句中已有谓语open，且设空处和谓语之间没有连接词连接，故设空处为非谓语动词；结合句意可知，设空处在句中作目的状语，应用动词不定式。 　(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) Two years later，a six-meter-tall pavilion， (inspire) by The Peony Pavilion，was built at the Firs Garden，just ten minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace. [自主解答]　inspired [解题思路]　本句为简单句。本句已有谓语was built，故设空处为非谓语动词；根据句意可知，设空处在句中作后置定语，inspire和被修饰词a six-meter-tall pavilion之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式。 　(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) (recall) watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare's play Richard Ⅲ in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion，Edmondson said，“It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language and see how Tang's play was being performed.” [自主解答]　Recalling [解题思路]　本句为复合句。句子的主干为Edmondson said，故设空处为非谓语动词；根据句意可知，设空处在句中作状语，并且和Edmondson之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式。 　(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) Those cultural elements have increased Stratford's international visibility，said Edmondson，adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed (find) the connection between the two great writers. [自主解答]　to find [解题思路]　本句为复合句。设空处位于that引导的宾语从句中，从句中已有谓语were amazed，故设空处为非谓语动词；结合句意可知，设空处在句中作原因状语，be amazed to do 意为“惊讶于做某事”。 [技法归纳] 第一步：确定是否为非谓语动词 若句中已有谓语动词，又不是作并列谓语时，则要考虑填非谓语动词。 第二步：确定填何种非谓语形式 考向3　词形转换 　(2025·全国一卷) “In a Go game，each move should serve a long-term goal.You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your‘ (guide)’till they lose，”explains Wang Wei，a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition. [自主解答]　guidance [解题思路]　分析句子结构可知，设空处在物主代词your之后，需要一个名词作follow的宾语，故填名词。 　(2025·浙江卷1月) Tanya's shop offers fashion clothes for women to rent rather than purchase them outright，providing a less expensive (solve) to one-time event dressing. [自主解答]　solution [解题思路]　分析句子结构可知，设空处作providing的宾语且前有形容词，故填名词。 　(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) In cold weather，the structure stays (close) to protect the plants. [自主解答]　closed [解题思路]　分析句子结构可知，设空处前有系动词stay，故设空处应填形容词作表语。 　(2024·全国甲卷) They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the (complete) of their journey. [自主解答]　completion [解题思路]　分析句子结构可知，设空处前有定冠词the，后有介词of构成所有格，故设空处应填名词。 [技法归纳] 考法2　提示词为名词 高考语法填空对名词的考查一直比较稳定，以考查名词的构成和复数形式为主。其他关于名词的考点(如名词的所有格)较少涉及，但考生在备考时不可忽视。 考向1　考查名词的数 　(2025·全国二卷) The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live，thanks to the absence of smog and plenty of blue sky (afternoon) with lots of fresh air. [自主解答]　afternoons [解题思路]　根据前文的“plenty of”可知，这里afternoon要用复数形式。 　(2025·浙江卷1月) As people now choose to wear more clothes fewer (time)，clothing rental services have become increasingly popular. [自主解答]　times [解题思路]　time在此意为“次，回”，是可数名词，其前有fewer修饰。 　(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) These plants included modern Western (favourite) such as rosemary，lavender and fennel. [自主解答]　favourites [解题思路]　分析句子结构可知，设空处作动词included的宾语，前面的modern Western为定语，所以此处应填名词；根据空后的“such as rosemary，lavender and fennel”可知，空处表示复数概念。 　(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) Although they could never have met，there are common (theme) in their works，said Paul Edmondson，head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. [自主解答]　themes [解题思路]　根据空前的there are可知，此处应用名词复数。 [技法归纳] 1．名词变复数的规则： (1)大部分单数可数名词变为复数一般直接加s；如果是以ch，sh，s，x等结尾的单词，则一般加es：trees，bikes，books，buses，watches，boxes，bushes； (2)辅音字母＋y结尾的单词，变y为i再加es；但元音字母＋y结尾的单词，则直接加s：babies，families，boys，plays； (3)以o结尾的单词除了两人(negro，hero)，两菜(tomato，potato)加es外，其余一般加s：radios，photos； (4)以f或fe结尾的单词，通常变f，fe为v再加es：wives，knives，wolves。 2．名词变复数的不规则变化 (1)man→men，woman→women，tooth→teeth，foot→feet，child→children，mouse→mice； (2)单复数同形： Chinese，Japanese，people，sheep，deer，fish。 考向2　名词所有格 　(2025·浙江卷1月) “I really want to make this work for (people) lives today，and I know that doesn't always mean returning a dress on the Monday after a special weekend，” she says. [自主解答]　people's [解题思路]　分析句子成分和句意可知，设空处修饰名词lives，并且people 与 lives 存在明确的所属关系，故用名词所有格形式。 [技法归纳] 提示词与其后的名词是所属关系，应考虑名词的所有格： (1)单数名词和不以-s结尾的复数名词通常在词尾加-'s。 (2)以-s或-es结尾的复数名词，所有格形式为-s'或-es'。 考向3　词形转换 　(2025·全国一卷) Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces，the beauty in the (strategy) placement of the pieces，and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings，sculptures，digitally generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. [自主解答]　strategic [解题思路]　 本空需填一个形容词修饰名词placement，表示“策略上的”，故填形容词形式。 　(2025·全国二卷) Yet now，I live in the countryside of Zhejiang，China with my Chinese husband and his family，where bamboo and tea bushes(灌木) grow wild in the mountains，chickens are always free-range，and (center) heating doesn't exist. [自主解答]　central [解题思路]　分析句子结构可知，设空处作定语，修饰名词heating，应用形容词形式。 　(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) Since June 2017，right before the arrival of the two new pandas，Meng Meng and Jiao Qing，I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and (confidence)speaking English. [自主解答]　confident [解题思路]　 根据空前的并列连词and可知，空处与空前的形容词comfortable并列作feel的表语，因此，设空处也需要填形容词形式。 　(2023·全国乙卷) The (remark) development of this city，which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world，means there is always something new to discover here，and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. [自主解答]　remarkable [解题思路]　设空处在句中作定语，修饰名词development，应用形容词形式。 　(2023·全国甲卷) __________ (difference) from traditional fables，Carson's story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. [自主解答]　Different [解题思路]　分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词短语作状语，且空处位于句首，单词首字母要大写。 [技法归纳] 1．名词变形容词 提示词为名词，如果作定语修饰后面的名词，则一般考查名词变形容词。 熟记名词变形容词的常见后缀： (1)n.＋-able→adj.　honor→honorable (2)n.＋-al→adj. tradition→traditional (3)n.＋-ful→adj. colour→colourful (4)n.＋-en→adj. wood→wooden (5)n.＋-y→adj. wealth→wealthy 2．名词变动词 提示词为名词，如果作谓语或非谓语，则一般考查名词变动词。 熟记名词变动词的常见前/后缀： (1)en-：courage→encourage danger→endanger (2)-en：strength→strengthen (3)-ize：apology→apologize 考法3　提示词为形容词或副词 形容词用来描述人或事物的性质或特征，在句中可作定语、表语、补足语。形容词的用法是常考考点，难度相对较低，形容词的词性转换和比较等级是备考的重点。副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或整个句子，表示程度、方式、评价等，位置灵活。副词用法是常考考点，难度较低，要牢固掌握形容词转化为副词的构成规律。 考向1　词形转换 　(2025·全国一卷) Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces，the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces，and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings，sculptures，__________ (digital)generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. [自主解答]　digitally [解题思路]　分析句子结构可知，设空处在过去分词generated之前，应用副词修饰。 　(2025·全国二卷) The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live，thanks to the__________ (absent)of smog and plenty of blue sky afternoons with lots of fresh air. [自主解答]　absence [解题思路]　此处为“the＋名词＋of...”结构，空处应用名词形式。 　(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design，to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route that brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the__________ (rich) of gardening in England. [自主解答]　richness [解题思路]　设空处跟在定冠词the之后，且空后的of gardening对空处进行限定，应用名词形式。 　(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) Those cultural elements have increased Stratford's international (visible)，said Edmondson. [自主解答]　visibility [解题思路]　设空处作increased的宾语，前面有形容词 international，故设空处应用名词形式。 　(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) No matter where I buy them，though，one steamer basket is (rare) enough，yet two seems greedy，and so I am always left wanting more next time. [自主解答]　rarely [解题思路]　设空处修饰形容词enough，作状语，应用副词形式。 　(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) So，what are they learning? (basic)，how to describe a panda's life. [自主解答]　Basically [解题思路]　 分析句子结构可知，空处修饰整个句子，应使用副词形式。由于本空位于句首，首字母需要大写。 [技法归纳] 形容词变副词或名词 (1)若空格处的词修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或全句，应考虑副词形式。 (2)若空格处在动词前作主语或在介词、形容词后作宾语，应考虑名词形式。 考向2　比较等级 　(2024·全国甲卷) Yellowstone was the (large) United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska，which became a national monument in 1978，took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. [自主解答]　largest [解题思路]　分析句子结构可知，设空处作定语修饰United States national park，应用形容词，故不需要词形转换。根据语境及空前的the可知，此处应用形容词的最高级形式。 [技法归纳] 1．形容词、副词变比较级 (1)空前有much，far，still，even，rather，a little，a bit，a lot，a great deal或空后有than等标志词时，应考虑用比较级。 (2)句型“the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...”表示“越……，就越……”。 (3)句型“比较级＋and＋比较级”表示“越来越……”。 (4)“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义。 (5)句中如果没有标志词，但暗含比较级的意思，也需要用比较级。 2．形容词、副词变最高级 (1)设空后有表示范围的标志词in，of，among等时，用最高级。 (2)设空前有“one of the...”或“the＋序数词”等修饰词时，用最高级。 (3)句中如果没有标志词，但暗含最高级的意思，也需要用最高级。 考法4　提示词为代词 语法填空对代词的考查有两种考查方式：有提示词类和无提示词类。人称代词和物主代词多以有提示词的形式出现。 　(2025·全国二卷) Over time，I've found (I)feeling extremely at home here. [自主解答]　myself [解题思路]　分析句子成分可知，设空处作宾语，且宾语人称与主语人称一致，表示“我发现自己在这里就像在自己家一样”，故用反身代词。 　(2024·全国甲卷) They wondered out loud.This area，with (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty，must be well preserved for all people of the nation to enjoy—as a national park. [自主解答]　its [解题思路]　分析句子成分可知，设空处作定语，修饰名词beauty，故用形容词性物主代词。 　(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) Nanxiang aside，the best xiao long bao have a fine skin，allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of (they) contents. [自主解答]　their [解题思路]　设空处指代xiao long bao，修饰名词contents，意为“小笼包的馅儿”，故用形容词性物主代词。 [技法归纳] 当句子中缺少主语、定语、宾语或表语时，可考虑填代词；确定填代词之后，再看一下设空处所填代词是否与前文提到的人或物有指代关系。 1．作主语：人称代词主格、指示代词、不定代词、名词性物主代词； 2．作宾语：人称代词宾格、名词性物主代词、不定代词； 3．作表语：人称代词宾格、不定代词或名词性物主代词； 4．作定语：形容词性物主代词； 5．作宾语、表语或同位语且反射句子的主语，用反身代词，同时注意数的变化。 [对应学生用书P74] A (2025·陕西适应性测试) Lion dance roars with shared values The powerful people-to-people bonds between China and Malaysia take many expressions considering the range of shared traditional and 1.________(culture) values between the two nations.The Malay people have taken great interest in the lion dance，a tradition 2.________ emerged over a thousand years ago in China and has many admirers in modern Malaysia. Among them 3.________(be)Adzwin Puteri Faizal，a petite young woman，who is part of the locally renowned Yong Jun Lion Dance Association.“In earlier generations，it was difficult for people from other ethnic groups and women 4.________(learn) lion dance，but things have changed.The 5.________(unique) and inclusiveness of lion dance have allowed us to build a family here，” her lion dance master said.The lion dance in Malaysia shares its roots with the Chinese lion dance，6.________(specific) from the southern lion dance style.It arrived in Malaysia with Chinese immigrants and took root.Initially，the lion dance 7.________(perform) during Chinese festivals and celebrations，but 8.________ the blending of Malaysia's ethnicities(种族特点)and cultures，it gradually crossed ethnic and religious boundaries，9.________(become) a beloved cultural activity for all communities.Its cultural value is widely recognized by the public. 2024 marks the 50th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic ties between China and Malaysia.Both sides celebrated the lion dance as 10.________ form of shared history，and jointly promoted and safeguarded the heritage. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。舞狮是中国和马来西亚文化交流的纽带。马来西亚舞狮源于中国南狮，其文化价值在马来西亚得到了公众的广泛认可。中国和马来西亚共同推广、保护这一文化遗产。 1．解析　考查形容词。根据本文标题Lion dance roars with shared values，再结合语境可知，空处与空前的形容词 traditional 并列修饰名词 values，故用形容词形式。 答案　cultural 2．解析　考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是表示物的名词 tradition，从句中缺少主语，所以空处填 that或which。 答案　that/which 3．解析　考查主谓一致。此处考查全部倒装结构，空处作主句的谓语，主句的主语是 Adzwin Puteri Faizal，表示第三人称单数；此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。 答案　is 4．解析　考查非谓语动词。此处考查固定句式 “it is/was ＋ adj.＋ for sb to do sth”，it 作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语，故应用不定式形式。 答案　to learn 5．解析　考查名词。空处与空后的名词inclusiveness 并列作本句的主语，故空处应用名词形式。 答案　uniqueness 6．解析　考查副词。空处修饰空后的介词短语“from the southern lion dance style”，故用副词形式。 答案　specifically 7．解析　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。but 连接两个分句，空处在第一个分句中作谓语。根据 Initially 可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时；主语 the lion dance 是第三人称单数，和 perform 之间是被动关系。 答案　was performed 8．解析　考查介词。but 后的第二个分句的主干是 “it gradually crossed ethnic and religious boundaries”，空处和空后的 “the blending of Malaysia's ethnicities and cultures”构成介词短语作状语。结合语境可知，空处表示“随着”，故填 with。 答案　with 9．解析　考查非谓语动词。空处在句中作非谓语，become 与其逻辑主语 it 之间是主谓关系，此处表示自然而然的结果，故用现在分词短语作状语。 答案　becoming 10．解析　考查冠词。空处修饰可数名词 form“表现方式，方式”，此处意为“一种共同的历史的表现形式”，表示泛指，且 form 的发音以辅音音素开头，故填 a。 答案　a B (2025·甘肃月考)China's zongzi culture boasts a rich and time-honored history.1.________(it) related stories and legends have been passed down for thousands of years and are known to every Chinese household.During 2.________ Warring States Period(475-221BC)，it's said that a patriotic poet from the State of Chu named Qu Yuan threw himself into a river after the state was conquered.The people of Chu were 3.________ (deep) saddened，and they went to the river to remember him.In order to protect his body from 4.________ (eat) by fish and shrimp，people threw rice dumplings into the river every year 5.________ the anniversary of his death.The dumplings became known as zongzi. The ingredients 6.________(use) to make zongzi vary from region to region，so there are many differences in shape and taste.Most are made with plain white glutinous rice.The northern 7.________(variety) are usually sweet，with ingredients such as sugar，a red bean paste and dates.Southern zongzi are savory—especially those from Jiaxing in Zhejiang. During the Dragon Boat Festival，zongzi are not only enjoyed for their cooking appeal 8.________ also cherished for their cultural significance.Families gather to make and share the treat，9.________ (strengthen) bonds and fostering a sense of community.Eating zongzi during the festival 10.________(believe) to bring good luck and stop evil spirits，making it an essential part of the celebrations. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了端午节的起源、粽子的种类以及节日习俗等。 1．解析　考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰名词 stories 和 legends，故用形容词性物主代词，又因位于句首首字母要大写，故填 Its。 答案　Its 2．解析　考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，此处 Warring States Period 为特指，应用定冠词 the。 答案　the 3．解析　考查副词。空处修饰谓语动词，应用副词，故填 deeply。 答案　deeply 4．解析　考查非谓语动词和语态。空处位于介词 from 之后，应用动词-ing 形式； 根据语境和空后的 by 可知，eat 与 body 之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系。故填 being eaten。 答案　being eaten 5．解析　考查介词。短语 on the anniversary of 表示 “在……周年纪念日”。 答案　on 6．解析　考查非谓语动词。句中 vary 是谓语动词，空处应用非谓语动词形式；根据语境可知，此处 use 与 ingredients 构成逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作定语。 答案　used 7．解析　考查名词复数。根据谓语动词 are 可知此处的主语应该为复数。 答案　varieties 8．解析　考查固定搭配。此处为句型 not only...but also...，表示 “不仅……而且……”。 答案　but 9．解析　考查非谓语动词。句中 gather 是谓语动词，空处应用非谓语动词形式；此处表示“加强联系”，此处 strengthen 与 Families 构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词短语作状语。 答案　strengthening 10．解析　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。主语 Eating zongzi 与谓语动词 believe “认为有可能” 之间构成被动关系，应用被动语态； 且此处在陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时； 主语为动名词短语，谓语应用单数。 答案　is believed 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $