Unit 10 You're supposed to shake hands 短文语法综合填空和完形填空专项练 2025-2026学年人教版（2012）九年级英语全册

Unit 10 You're supposed to shake hands 一、短文填空 Many Chinese people go abroad to travel, to study, and even to live on their own. People should learn about the cultures they visit because some of the cultures are very d 1 from ours. If you know them and understand them, it will help you a lot. Talking about the weather and sports is a good way to s 2 a conversation. But when you talk to westerners, you shouldn’t ask about their age because it is not p 3 . Also, you should not ask about how much money they make every month, not even with someone you know well. In p 4 places like museums and libraries, you shouldn’t eat or drink when others are q 5 looking at art works or reading books. When you visit a Western country and you want to give someone a small g 6 or flowers, be careful to choose the right c 7 of flowers. This is because in some countries white flowers are for the dead. When you receive a present from someone, remember to write a thank-you note to e 8 your thankfulness（感谢）. Using polite language will never be w 9 . The most i 10 thing to remember is that wherever（无论哪里）you are, respect（尊重）the local culture. It may not be the same as the one in your home country, but you should try your best to learn about it and respect it. Lin Yue is having a great time on her student exchange program in France. She was a bit 11 before she arrived there. But her host family go out of their way to make her feel at home. Her French has 12 because of the granddaughter’s help. Although she still makes lots of 13 , it doesn’t worry her as it used to. Lin Yue’s 14 challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table because things are very different 15 the way they are at home. First, she’s supposed to put her bread on the table instead of plate. 16 , she is not supposed to eat anything with her hands except bread, not even fruit. She has to cut it up and eat it with 17 fork. Third, it’s impolite to say she’s full. She should just say, “That was delicious.” Finally, she is not supposed to put her elbows on the table. It is difficult to remember 18 , but she is gradually 19 used to it. She doesn’t find French customs so strange 20 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。 The sweetest memory of my childhood is about a round table. When I was still little, my whole family would get together on different traditional 21 (festival) to have dinner. While the grown-ups were having a 22 (discuss), we kids would be sitting around or playing hide-and-seek under the table. When I got a bit older, my aunt 23 (bring) back her husband home and my grandma cheerfully added another seat to the round table. It seemed a little more crowded, but we all felt much 24 (close) to each other. We all have a table like this in our homes. It is 25 sign of reunion (重聚) of our family showing our feelings. 26 the reasons why we come together may be different, the feelings behind it are the same. 27 (usual) different cultures are accepted by us around the table. What’s more, we express the love not only for our family, but also 28 a community, our nation and even the world. The history of our nation has been the stories of 29 (look) for or running to the round table which we belong to. The round table has been a symbol of the Chinese feelings. It 30 (be), it is and will always be. 二、完形填空 An old saying goes, “When in Rome (罗马), do as the Romans do.” I learned the meaning of this when I studied in Russia. One day I 31 some of my Chinese friends to a famous local restaurant in Moscow. My guests and I were excited from visiting Red Square and happy about our meeting. We chatted 32 until the waiter told me that we were talking too loud. We turned our voices lower. But this didn’t last long. The waiter came over to us two more times with the same 33 . How bad an impression (印象) we must have left on the local people! In China, it’s natural and 34 for a host (主人) to make a lively atmosphere (气氛). However, in Russia and western countries, having a meal in a public place means you must 35 your voice low. You need to be polite to others. I felt 36 about this. Even though we tried our best, it’s very difficult to form a new habit. Russians have their own special habits. My Russian friend, Andrey always looks around and thinks for a while before leaving home. I asked him 37 he did this. “Aha,” Andrey said, “In Russia, people always spend about a minute 38 things and plans in their minds before leaving. So they won’t leave 39 necessary behind. Finding the differences between 40 is very interesting. I’d like to keep my eyes and mind open. 31．A．made B．invited C．told D．taught 32．A．surprisingly B．friendly C．warmly D．carefully 33．A．message B．menu C．meal D．food 34．A．different B．serious C．important D．interesting 35．A．take B．remain C．have D．keep 36．A．bad B．strange C．angry D．nervous 37．A．how B．when C．why D．where 38．A．going around B．going over C．going on D．going for 39．A．nothing B．something C．everything D．anything 40．A．friends B．knowledge C．people D．cultures 完形填空。 通读下面的短文, 掌握其大意, 然后从各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Stress(压力) is the feeling you get when you’re really worried about something. This is the kind of worry that troubles you for hours, or even days. It makes you feel 41 , scared (恐惧的), or angry. You may find it difficult to eat and sleep, or you might eat and sleep much 42 than usual. Stressing out will lead to serious problems like heart illness. 43 not all stress is bad for you. Sometimes it can 44 your body and mind alert (机敏的) and can make you perform better, like when you’re giving a speech to your class or running to the finish line. What causes stress? Do you know 45 your dad is worried about the bills, or your mom is unhappy? Because they’re stressed out! There are lots of things in your life that 46 cause stress —— having too much homework, taking a test in a subject that you are not good 47 , or hearing your parents argue! There are some ways to 48 stress. If you’re stressed out, try these quick and easy ways to relax! Take part in sports and out-of-class activities. Try to get at least eight hours of sleep every night. Eat a healthy, balanced 49 that includes all kinds of food. Talk with your close friends, family members or teachers. It’ll make you feel better, and 50 may be able to give you advice and help you solve your problem. 41．A．calm B．excited C．upset 42．A．more B．better C．less 43．A．So B．Or C．But 44．A．stop B．keep C．provide 45．A．how B．why C．when 46．A．can B．need C．must 47．A．on B．at C．in 48．A．start with B．agree with C．deal with 49．A．vegetables B．fruit C．diet 50．A．they B．we C．he British people are famous for apologizing (道歉) in almost every situation. Whether they are apologizing for asking a question, for the bad weather 51 sneezing (打喷嚏), they are probably the number one nation for apologies. British people take pride in 52 because of their polite manners towards one another in public. As a result, they often use the word “sorry”—even when they don't really 53 it! Usually, if they want to ask a stranger for the time, they will 54 by saying “Sorry to trouble you.” If they’re five minutes late 55 an appointment (约会), they will generally 56 the person by saying “Sorry, I’m late!” 57 do British people use “sorry” so much? Well, in the British custom, saying “sorry” is a manner to be polite, 58 to people whom they don’t know very well. It’s also a very smart way to get what they want. In recent research, an actor got close to 59 strangers on a rainy day to ask if he could use their mobile phones. When he walked to one group of strangers and asked them without apologizing first, he was only 9 percent successful in 60 their phones. However, when he apologized to another group of strangers about the bad weather before asking, he was 47 percent successful. 51．A．but B．and C．unless D．or 52．A．themselves B．yourselves C．ourselves D．himself 53．A．prefer B．mean C．bow D．imagine 54．A．stop B．leave C．knock D．start 55．A．before B．for C．of D．from 56．A．kiss B．answer C．ask D．greet 57．A．When B．Why C．How D．What 58．A．especially B．possibly C．suddenly D．hardly 59．A．mad B．strange C．relaxed D．different 60．A．buying B．valuing C．borrowing D．lending 参考答案 题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 答案 B C A C D A C B D D 题号 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 答案 C A C B B A B C C A 题号 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 答案 D A B D B D B A D C 1．(d)ifferent 2．(s)tart 3．(p)olite 4．(p)ublic 5．(q)uietly 6．(g)ift 7．(c)olor/(c)olour 8．(e)xpress 9．(w)rong 10．(i)mportant 本文是一篇说明文，文章讲述了当我们去其他国家旅行、学习或居住时，我们需要注意了解当地的文化，因为很多文化与我们的是不同的。短文中给我们提出了一些很好的建议。 1．句意：人们应该了解他们要去访问的地方的文化，因为有些文化与我们的文化非常不同。根据“People should learn about the cultures they visit”可知，我们应了解当地文化，原因应该是他们的文化与我们的是不同的。different“不同的”，be different from…“与……不同”。故填(d)ifferent。 2．句意：谈论天气和体育是开始对话的好方法。根据“a good way to...a conversation.”可知，这里应表示“开始对话”，start“开始”，动词，这里是用动词不定式作后置定语。故填(s)tart。 3．句意：句意：但是当你和西方人交谈时，你不应该问他们的年龄，因为这是不礼貌的。根据“you shouldn’t ask about their age because it is not...”可知，问对方的年龄是不礼貌的，polite“礼貌的”，形容词。故填(p)olite。 4．句意：在像博物馆和图书馆这样的公共场所，你不应该在别人安静地看艺术作品或读书时吃喝。根据空后“…like museums and libraries”可知，博物馆、图书馆都是公共场所，因此这里考查的是public“公共的”。故填(p)ublic。 5．句意：在像博物馆和图书馆这样的公共场所，你不应该在别人安静地看艺术作品或读书时吃喝。根据“like museums and libraries, you shouldn’t eat or drink when others are...looking at art works or reading books.”可知，在博物馆、图书馆，人们会安静地欣赏艺术品或者读书。quietly“安静地”，副词，修饰动词“looking”。故填(q)uietly。 6．句意：当你访问一个西方国家时，你想给某人一个小礼物或鲜花，小心选择正确的花的颜色。根据句意“give someone a small…or flowers”和单词首字母可知，gift“礼物”符合语境。空前有不定冠词“a”，名词用单数。故填(g)ift。 7．句意：当你访问一个西方国家时，你想给某人一个小礼物或鲜花，小心选择正确的花的颜色。根据下句话“This is because in some countries white flowers are for the dead.”可知，这里是注意花的颜色。color/colour“颜色”，符合语境。故填(c)olor/(c)olour。 8．句意：当你收到别人的礼物时，记得写一封感谢信来表达你的感谢。根据句意“…write a thank you note”可知，写感谢信是为了向对方表达感谢，express“表示，表达”，不定式表目的，因此to后跟动词原形。故填(e)xpress。 9．句意：使用礼貌的语言永远不会错。根据句中的“polite language”可知，语言礼貌的话，你就不会出错。wrong“错误的”，是形容词，在句中作表语。故填(w)rong。 10．句意：最重要的是，无论你在哪里，都要尊重当地文化。根据“The most...thing to remember is that wherever（无论哪里）you are, respect（尊重）the local culture.”可知，空处需要填写形容词构成最高级，此处表示最重要的事情是要尊重当地文化，important“重要的”，符合语境。故填(i)mportant。 11．nervous 12．improved 13．mistakes 14．biggest 15．from 16．Second 17．a 18．everything 19．getting 20．anymore 本文介绍了林悦作为交换生在法国学习，她住在寄宿家庭，他们对她很友好，并且帮助她学习法语。对于林悦来说，最大的挑战就是学习餐桌礼仪，但渐渐地她适应了，也不再觉得法国的风俗很奇怪了。 11．句意：她到达那里之前有点紧张。根据“before she arrived there”可知去之前有点紧张，nervous“紧张的”。故填nervous。 12．句意：由于孙女的帮助，她的法语有所提高。根据“because of the granddaughter’s help”可知法语在她的帮助下提高了，improve“提高”，此处用过去分词和助动词has构成现在完成时。故填improved。 13．句意：虽然她仍然犯了很多错误，但她不像以前那样担心了。根据“ it doesn’t worry her as it used to.”可知她犯了错误，mistake“错误”，用名词复数。故填mistakes。 14．句意：林悦最大的挑战是学习如何在餐桌上表现，因为事情与在家里的方式非常不同。根据“challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table”可知最大的挑战是学习如何在餐桌上表现，用最高级biggest“最大的”。故填biggest。 15．句意：林悦最大的挑战是学习如何在餐桌上表现，因为事情与在家里的方式非常不同。be different from“和……不同”。故填from。 16．句意：其次，除了面包，她不应该用手吃任何东西，甚至水果也不行。根据“First”可知此处指第二点，用副词second。故填Second。 17．句意：她必须把它切成块，用叉子吃。此处泛指“一个叉子”，fork以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 18．句意：很难记住所有事情，但她逐渐习惯了。根据“It is difficult to remember”可知是很难记住所有的事情，everything“所有事”。故填everything。 19．句意：很难记住所有事情，但她逐渐习惯了。get used to doing sth“习惯做某事”，此处用现在分词和be动词构成现在进行时。故填getting。 20．句意：她不再觉得法国习俗那么奇怪了。根据“She doesn’t find French customs so strange”可知是不再觉得法国习俗那么奇怪了，not...anymore“不再”。故填anymore。 21．festivals 22．discussion 23．brought 24．closer 25．a 26．Although/Though 27．Usually 28．for 29．looking 30．was 本文主要通过围着圆桌吃饭的故事，讲述了家人之间的感情。 21．句意：当我还小的时候，我全家都会在不同的传统节日聚在一起吃晚饭。different后加可数名词复数festivals“节日”。故填festivals。 22．句意：当大人们在讨论的时候，我们这些孩子会坐在桌子下面玩捉迷藏游戏。a后加名词单数discussion“讨论”。故填discussion。 23．句意：当我长大一点的时候，姑姑把她的丈夫带回家，奶奶高兴地在圆桌上又增加了一个座位。根据“When I got a bit older”可知句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式brought“带来”。故填brought。 24．句意：它看起来有点拥挤，但我们都觉得彼此更近了。much后加比较级closer“更近”。故填closer。 25．句意：这是我们一家人团聚的标志，表达了我们的感情。此处泛指“一个标志”，sign以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 26．句意：虽然我们走到一起的原因可能不同，但背后的感受是一样的。前后两句是让步关系，用although/though引导让步状语从句。故填Although/Though。 27．句意：通常，不同的文化会被我们所接受。修饰整个句子用副词usually“通常”。故填Usually。 28．句意：更重要的是，我们不仅表达了对我们家庭的爱，也表达了对一个社区、我们的国家甚至世界的爱。根据“we express the love not only for our family, but also...a community, our nation and even the world”可知是是对社区、国家甚至世界的爱，for“对于”。故填for。 29．句意：我们国家的历史一直是寻找或跑向我们所属的圆桌会议的故事。介词of后加动名词looking。故填looking。 30．句意：过去是，现在是，将来也将是。根据“It...it is and will always be.”可知是过去是这样，用一般过去时，主语是It，be动词用was。故填was。 31．B 32．C 33．A 34．C 35．D 36．A 37．C 38．B 39．D 40．D 31．句意：一天，我邀请了一些中国朋友到莫斯科一家著名的当地餐馆吃饭。 made制作；invited邀请；told告诉；taught教。根据“One day I…some of my Chinese friends to a famous local restaurant in Moscow.”可知，此处是invite sb to sp短语，意为“邀请某人去某地”，故选B。 32．句意：我们热情地聊天，直到服务员告诉我说我们说话声音太大。 surprisingly惊奇地；friendly友好的；warmly温暖地，热烈地；carefully仔细地。根据“the waiter told me that we were talking too loud”可知，服务员提醒我们声音太大，所以聊得很热烈，故选C。 33．句意：服务员又来了两次，都说了同样的话。 message信息；menu菜单；meal餐；food食物。根据“The waiter came over to us two more times with the same…”可知，服务员又来了两次，都是因为我们声音太大了，故选A。 34．句意：在中国，主人营造活泼的气氛是很自然的，也是很重要的。 different不同的；serious严肃的；important重要的；interesting有趣的。根据“In China, it’s natural and…for a host (主人) to make a lively atmosphere (气氛).”和常识可知，在中国，主人营造活泼的气氛是很自然的也是很重要的，故选C。 35．句意：然而，在俄罗斯和西方国家，在公共场所吃饭意味着你必须保持你的声音低。 take花费；remain保持；have有；keep保持。根据“you must…your voice low”可知，此处是keep sth adj结构，意为“使某物保持某种状态”，故选D。 36．句意：我对此感到很糟糕。 bad坏的；strange奇怪的；angry生气的；nervous紧张的。根据“How bad an impression (印象) we must have left on the local people!”和“Even though we tried our best, it’s very difficult to form a new habit.”可知，作者感觉很不好，故选A。 37．句意：我问他为什么这么做。 how如何；when何时；why为什么；where哪里。根据后文Andrey的解释可知，是询问原因，故选C。 38．句意：在俄罗斯，人们临走前总要花上一分钟左右的时间把事情和计划想一遍。 going around四处走动；going over仔细检查；going on继续；going for主张。根据“people always spend about a minute…things and plans in their minds before leaving”可知，是会仔细检查/重温一遍事情和计划，故选B。 39．句意：这样他们就不会落下任何必要的东西。 nothing没什么；something某事；everything每件事；anything任何事。根据“So they won’t leave…necessary behind.”可知，本句是否定句，用anything作宾语，故选D。 40．句意：发现文化之间的差异是很有趣的。 friends朋友；knowledge知识；people人们；cultures文化。根据整篇文章可知，主要讲述文化的差异，故选D。 41．C 42．A 43．C 44．B 45．B 46．A 47．B 48．C 49．C 50．A 41．考查形容词和语境的理解。句意：压力叫你难过，恐惧和生气。A. calm平静；B. excited兴奋； C. upset难过。根据句意，故选C。 42．考查副词和语境的理解。本句的意思：你可能会发现很难吃得下，睡得着或者你可能比平时吃的多得多或睡的时间多得多。A. more更多；B. better更好；C. less更少。根据句意，故选A。 43．考查连词和语境的理解。句意：但是并不是所有的压力对于你来说都是有害的。A. So因此；B. Or否则；C. But但是。前后句是转折关系，故选C。 44．考查动词和语境的理解。句意：有时候，压力叫你的身体和你的思想保持机敏。A. stop停止；B. keep保持；C. provide提供。根据句意和常识，可知答案是B。 45．考查特殊疑问词和语境的理解。句意：你知道为什么你的爸爸担心账单或你的妈妈为什么不高兴？A. how怎样；B. why 为什么；C. when什么时候。根据句意，故选B。 46．考查情态动词和语境的理解。句意：在你的生活中有很多事物能够引起压力。A. can能够； B. need 需要； C. must必须。根据句意，故选A。 47．考查介词和语境的理解。句意：像有太多的作业，还有你不擅长的科目要进行考试或者听见爸妈在吵架。此题考查固定短语be good at擅长，故选B。 48．考查动词短语和语境的理解。句意：这有一些处理压力的方式。A. start with开始于; B. agree with同意; C. deal with处理。此题考查固定短语deal with处理。故选B。 49．考查名词和语境的理解。句意：吃健康的，平衡的饮食包括各种各样食物A. vegetables蔬菜； B. fruit 水果； C. diet饮食。根据句意，故选C。 50．考查代词和语境的理解。句意：这个可能叫你感觉很好，并且他们（指代的是父母）能够给你一些建议和帮你解决一些问题。A. they他们；B. we我们；C. he 他。根据句意，可知选A。 51．D 52．A 53．B 54．D 55．B 56．D 57．B 58．A 59．D 60．C 本文介绍了“对不起”这种礼貌用语在英国的普遍性，并分析了它在不同场合不同的意义，利用这种礼貌用语也是达成自己目标的一种匆忙的做法。 51．句意：无论是因为问了问题而道歉，还是因为天气不好而道歉，还是因为打喷嚏而道歉，英国人都可能是道歉最多的国家。 but但是；and而且；unless除非；or或者。whether...or...“无论……还是……”，故选D。 52．句意：英国人为自己在公共场合对他人的礼貌感到自豪。 themselves他们自己；yourselves你们自己；ourselves我们自己；himself他自己。主语British people是第三人称复数形式，因此用反身代词themselves。故选A。 53．句意：因此，他们经常使用“对不起”这个词——即使他们不是真心的！ prefer更喜欢；mean意味着；bow点头；imagine想象。根据后文的“Usually, if they want to ask a stranger for the time, they will...by saying “Sorry to trouble you.””可知，英国人想问陌生人时间，通过说“对不起打扰您了”，因此他们使用“对不起”这个词不是意味着抱歉。故选B。 54．句意：通常，如果他们要向一个陌生人询问时间，他们会以“对不起打扰你了”开始。 stop停止；leave离开；knock敲；start开始。根据“if they want to ask a stranger for the time”，向陌生人问时间，应以“对不起打扰你了”来开始，故选D。 55．句意：如果他们约会迟到了五分钟，他们通常会说：“对不起，我迟到了！” before在……之前；for为了；of……的；from来自。be late for“迟到”，故选B。 56．句意：如果他们约会迟到了五分钟，他们通常会说：“对不起，我迟到了！” kiss亲吻；answer回答；ask询问；greet问候。根据“If they’re five minutes late... an appointment (约会),”可知，他们约会迟到了，因此见面要问候对方，故选D。 57．句意：为什么英国人这么频繁地说“对不起”？ When当……时候；Why为什么；How如何；What什么。根据后文的“Well, in the British custom, saying “sorry” is a manner to be polite,”可知，此处询问英国人说“对不起”的原因，故选B。 58．句意：嗯，在英国的习俗中，说“对不起”是一种礼貌的方式，尤其是对他们不太了解的人。 especially尤其；possibly可能；suddenly突然；hardly几乎不。此处强调对他们不太了解的人说“对不起”，故选A。 59．句意：在最近的一项研究中，一位演员在下雨天接近不同的陌生人，询问他是否可以使用他们的手机。 mad疯狂的；strange奇怪的；relaxed放松的；different不同的。根据后文的“When he walked to one group of strangers”可知，此处表示一群陌生人，因此是不同的陌生人，故选D。 60．句意：当他走到一群陌生人面前，在不道歉的情况下问他们，只有9%的人成功借到了他们的手机。 buying买；valuing评估；borrowing借入；lending借出。根据前文的“ask if he could use their mobile phones.”可知，此处表示他在向陌生人借用手机，因此这些陌生人借出手机，故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $