Unit 10 You're supposed to shake hands 单元能力达标题- 2025-2026学年人教版（2012）九年级英语全册

Unit 10 You're supposed to shake hands 一、单项选择 1．—Laura, did you study any other foreign language ________ Chinese when you were at a college? —Yes, French. But I have forgotten all ________ some words. A．besides; except B．besides; besides C．except; besides D．except; except 2．The boss made his workers ________ 12 hours a day, which was against the law. A．to work B．working C．worked D．work 3．The ________ pressure you put on yourself, the ________ you will do in the exam. A．more, worse B．less, worse C．more, worst D．less, worst 4．—It’s a pity that ________ my teachers ________ parents allow me to swim alone. —After all you are too young, safety first. A．either; or B．neither; nor C．not only; but also D．both; and 5．_________ stupid mistake! I’ve lost my backpack! A．How B．What C．What an     D．What a 6．It’s raining heavily. I would rather ________ in my room than ________ out. A．to stay; to go B．stay; go C．not to stay; go D．not stay; to go 7．Though she is disabled, the ______ girl teaches children drawing for a(an) _____. She always brings animals_____ on the paper. A．living; live; alive B．live; living; lively C．lively; living; alive D．lively;  alive; living 8．This storybook ________ well and it’s really worth ________. A．sells; to read B．is sold; reading C．has been sold; reading D．sells; reading 9．Would you please tell me ________ next? A．how to do B．what to do C．what do I do D．how should I do 10．—Tom got a full mark in the quiz yesterday. —Yes, he ________ he ________ the notes twice. A．said; had gone over B．said; has gone over C．says; will go over D．says; is going to go over 11．Happiness is very important. ________ you live, ________ you are. So try your best to make yourself happy every day. A．The happier, the healthier B．The happier, the more healthy C．The more happily, the healthier D．The happy, the healthy 12．—You look sad. What’s the matter? —I had a bad morning. By the time I got to school, I found I ________ my homework at home. I had to go back home to get it. A．have forgotten B．had forgotten C．have left D．had left 13．The boy promised ________ computer games again because it had already taken up much of his time. A．don’t playing B．not play C．not playing D．not to play 14．—Tom was disappointed that most of the guests ________ when he ________ at the party. —Perhaps he should come earlier next time. A．left; had arrived B．left; arrived C．had left; had arrived D．had left; arrived 15．I think it is unfair ________ them work ten hours a day. A．made B．make C．to make D．makes 二、语法选择 I’m Henry, who is from America. This year, I went to Japan 16 the first time. One day, some new colleagues (同事) invited me to hang out. At first, I was quite happy. Japanese 17 use chopsticks to have meals so I tried to use them with my colleagues. However, problems 18 later. That day, I had a cold. I didn’t feel 19 with my nose, so I turned away from the table and blew (擤) my nose. My colleagues looked at me strangely. They explained to me that in Japan, people don’t blow their noses in public, especially at the table. When I was trying to stick my chopsticks in my bowl of rice, one of my colleagues said, “Don’t do that. Just leave 20 on the table.” Later, I found it 21 to leave your chopsticks in your rice, since it means death in Japanese culture! The next time I needed 22 my nose, I left the table and went to the toilet. 23 I returned, it was nearly time to leave. I noticed 24 some small bowls with drinks in them on the table. It seemed good and I started pouring it before it got cold. To my surprise, some of my colleagues covered their 25 . They were trying not to laugh. “What’s the matter?” I asked the colleague next to me. “It’s for washing their fingers,” he said. For a moment, I didn’t know whether to laugh or cry. 16．A．at B．for C．on 17．A．supposed to B．suppose to C．are supposed to 18．A．starts B．started C．will start 19．A．comfortable B．comfortably C．comfort 20．A．their B．they C．them 21．A．unlucky B．unluckier C．unluckiest 22．A．blowing B．blew C．to blow 23．A．When B．While C．Unless 24．A．they were B．there were C．it was 25．A．mouth B．mouth’s C．mouths 三、阅读理解 Greeting is a useful way to communicate with others. People in different places have different greeting manners. Here are some interesting ones. Cheek kisses are common in so many countries across the world. In France, the number of kisses is from once to four times from city to village. But twice is by far the most common. In Spain, Brazil, Germany, Italy, and other countries, people also greet each other by kissing cheeks. In Xizang, people usually greet each other by sticking out their tongues (舌头). The greeting tradition began from monks (和尚), who would stick out their tongues to show that they came in peace. Clapping hands is the way to greet each other in Zimbabwe and Mozambique. In Zimbabwe, people clap hands as part of a hello. The first person claps once, and the second person claps twice in response. Touching noses is popular in Qatar, Yemen, Oman, and the United Arab Emirates. When people meet, they usually greet by touching their noses. 26．How many times do people in France kiss the most commonly when greeting? A．Once. B．Twice. C．Three times. D．Four times. 27．Why would monks stick out their tongues to greet each other in Xizang? A．To show their love. B．To show their good manners. C．To communicate with others. D．To show they came in peace. 28．How do people greet each other in Yemen? A． B． C． D． 29．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．People in Mozambique greet each other by shaking hands. B．The greeting tradition in Xizang comes from doctors. C．In Spain, people greet each other by kissing cheeks. D．People in Qatar also greet by kissing. 30．What’s the main purpose of the passage? A．To introduce some interesting ways of greeting. B．To tell us the importance of greeting. C．To show the value of interesting greetings. D．To compare the greetings from different places. Whether it’s putting your elbows on the table or talking with a mouth full of food, everyone has to watch their manners at some time. Manners have developed over thousands of years and are always changing. Around 100 years ago, children weren’t allowed to speak unless parents spoke to them first. Now young people can make their voices heard in many places. Manners also mean different things in different countries. Eating food loudly is considered rude in some countries, but in others it’s a sign that people are enjoying their meal. What do you think? Are manners important? Many old people think so. They say kind words and actions are good to everyone. When someone has good manners, it shows they care about other people’s feelings and want them to be comfortable. In other words, well-mannered people make the world a happier place. Manners also help keep everyone healthy, which is why people should cover their mouths when they cough and keep dirty feet off seats. ▲ They hold the idea that manners make people act in a way that doesn’t mean how they really feel. If someone says “thank you” or “sorry” when they don’t mean it, they’re not being polite. In Europe, manners were a way of showing how rich a person was, but does it really matter what type of knife people use to eat fish? As long as people are kind to others, they should be allowed to act how they like. 31．What does the underlined word “watch” mean in Paragraph 1? A．Knock. B．Perform. C．Notice. D．Suppose. 32．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A．We need to care about others. B．Good manners are very important. C．Well-mannered people make us happy. D．You can be healthy with good manners. 33．Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ “ in Paragraph 4? A．However, some young men don’t think so. B．However, some manners are not accepted by young men. C．Besides, people should pay more attention to different customs. D．What’s more, manners are not only important, but also necessary. 34．What can we learn from this passage? A．Saying sorry certainly means being polite. B．Eating fish with a knife shows you’re rich. C．Coughing with the mouth covered is strange. D．Eating loudly can be good manners sometimes. 35．What’s the best title for the passage? A．The Development of Manners B．Manners in Different Countries C．Different Opinions about Manners D．The Disagreement between the Old and Young Do you want to know more about western table manners? Let’s take a look at them together! HOLDING A KNIFE AND FORK1. Hold your fork in your left hand, tines (尖齿) downward. 2. Hold your knife in your right hand, an inch or two above the plate. 3. Use your fork to lift food to your mouth. At informal (非正式的) meals, the dinner fork can be held with tines upward. PLACING A KNIFE AND FORK When taking a break, put your knife and fork on your plate near the centre in the shape of V. The knife and the fork point toward each other. When you finish eating, put the knife and fork parallel (平行的) on the right of the plate. CLEARING THE PLATES At a formal meal, plates are cleared by a professional staff (专业人员). But as most informal meals are served without help, the hostess clears the plates, often with the help of a guest or two. At a family meal, members clear their own plates. 36．How should you put food to your mouth when using a knife and fork? A．With the help of a plate. B．With both of the hands. C．With the left hand. D．With the right hand. 37．Where should you put the knife and fork after eating? A．On the right of the plate. B．On your right. C．On the left of the plate. D．On your left. 38．If you are at an informal meal, what are you expected to do after the meal? A．Sit and wait for a professional staff to clear the plate. B．Leave as soon as you put down the knife and fork. C．Help the hostess clear the plates and the table. D．Clear your own knife and fork. 39．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Hold the fork with tines downward at formal meals. B．You should hold the knife in your left hand when eating. C．Put the knife and fork in the shape of X. D．You shouldn’t clear your own plate at a family meal. 40．In which part of the newspaper can we find the passage? A．TRAVEL B．CULTURE C．SCIENCE D．PEOPLE 四、任务型阅读 请阅读一篇关于母亲节的文章，回答下面的问题。 Mother’s Day is celebrated in the USA．It is also a holiday in some other countries. It is on the second Sunday in May. It is a day to thank mothers. On that day mothers usually receive flowers or cards. On the cards, children will write “Thanks, Mom” “To the best mother in the world” “Best wishes for Mother’s Day” and so on. We should make mothers happy on that day. Where does the idea for the holiday come from? We should thank Miss Anna M. Jarvis. She brought up the idea of having such a day. She lived in West Virginia. Her mother died on May 9th, 1905. She had a deep love for her mother. She wrote letters to some important persons. In her letters she asked them to decide a day for all mothers. Then Mother’s Day was made on the second Sunday in May by the USA in 1913. In China, children give presents to their mothers on Mother’s Day, or the whole family go out and try to do something nice for their mothers. Because mothers always think of others more than themselves. Everybody should show his love to his mother and help her as much as possible. 41．When is Mother’s Day? 42．What do mothers usually receive on Mother’s Day? 43．Who brought up the idea of having Mother’s Day? 44．What did Miss Anna M. Jarvis ask some important persons to do? 45．Why do Chinese children try to do something nice for their mothers? 五、短文填空 Lin Yue is having a great time on her student exchange program in France. She was a bit 46 before she arrived there. But her host family go out of their way to make her feel at home. Her French has 47 because of the granddaughter’s help. Although she still makes lots of 48 , it doesn’t worry her as it used to. Lin Yue’s 49 challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table because things are very different 50 the way they are at home. First, she’s supposed to put her bread on the table instead of plate. 51 , she is not supposed to eat anything with her hands except bread, not even fruit. She has to cut it up and eat it with 52 fork. Third, it’s impolite to say she’s full. She should just say, “That was delicious.” Finally, she is not supposed to put her elbows on the table. It is difficult to remember 53 , but she is gradually 54 used to it. She doesn’t find French customs so strange 55 . 六、完成句子 56．By the time she got up, her mother had gone to work. (对画线部分提问) her mother done by the time she got up? 57．Tom doesn’t know the way to the station and neither do I.  (改为同义句) Tom I the way to the station. 58．When you exercise more, you will be able to keep better.（保持句意不变） The you exercise, the you will be able to keep. 59．I don’t know how I can work out the problem. （保持句意基本不变） I don’t know work out the problem. 60．Our journey to China last summer was wonderful! (改为感叹句) our journey to China last summer was! 七、书面表达 61．假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Jack下周要来中国旅行，请你根据提示给他发一封电子邮件，简要介绍一下中国的礼仪或习俗。要点如下： 见面礼仪 握手，交谈，…… 餐桌礼仪 用筷子就餐；就餐时不能用筷子指着别人；就餐时不可以多说话，… 其他习俗 …… 要求： 1．词数：100词左右；邮件开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 2．须包含所有要点提示，并可适当补充，以使语句通顺，行文连贯； 3．文中不得出现个人真实姓名和校名。 可能用到的词汇：salary 薪水    knife 刀子    fork 叉子 Dear Jack, I’m very happy to hear that you’re coming to China next week. Let me tell you something about customs and manners in our country. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Look forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 参考答案 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 A D A B D B C D B A 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 C D D D C B C B A C 题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 答案 A C A B C B D B C A 题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 答案 C B A D C C A C A B 1．A 句意：—— 劳拉，你上大学的时候，除了中文，还学过其他外语吗？—— 是的，法语。但除了几个单词外，我都忘记了。 考查介词辨析。besides“除……之外（还有）”，表示的是一种累加关系；except“除……之外（不再有）”，表示的是一种排除关系。根据“Laura, did you study any other foreign language…Chinese when you were at a college? —Yes, French.”可知此句表达即除了中文还有……，中文是包含在内的，表示累加关系，第一个空格处应用besides；根据“But I have forgotten all … some words.”可知，除了几个单词外，“我”都忘记了，表示排除关系，除了几个单词，不再有……，应用except。故选A。 2．D 句意：老板让他的工人每天工作12个小时，这是违法的。 考查非谓语动词。to work动词不定式；working动名词或现在分词；worked过去式或过去分词；work动词原形。根据“made his workers”可知，make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，make是使役动词，后面的不定式作宾语补足语时不能带to。故选D。 3．A 句意：你给自己的压力越大，你在考试中就会表现得越差。 考查比较级。more更多；worse更差；worst最差；less较少。the+比较级，the+比较级，表示“越……，就越……”，排除C和D选项。根据“pressure you put on yourself, the … you will do in the exam”可知，给自己的压力越大，考试就会表现得越差，故选A。 4．B 句意：——遗憾的是我的老师和我的父母都不允许我单独游泳。——毕竟你们都太小了，安全最重要。 考查连词。either...or...或者……或者……；neither...nor...既不……也不……；not only...but also...不但……而且……；both...and...两者都。根据语境“It’s a pity that...my teachers...parents allow me to swim alone.”可知，因为老师和父母“都不允许”我单独游泳，所以可惜遗憾。故选B。 5．D 句意：多么愚蠢的一个错误啊！我丢了我的背包。 考查感叹句。分析题句子中“stupid mistake”可知，中心词是“mistake”可数名词，故用“What+a/an+adj.+名词单数+主语+谓语”结构，stupid以辅音音素开头，用a修饰。故选D。 6．B 句意：雨下得很大。我宁愿待在房间里，也不愿出去。 考查固定短语。would rather do than do“宁愿做……而不愿做……”，为固定短语，故选B。 7．C 句意：尽管她有残疾，这个活泼的女孩教孩子们画画为生。她总是把动物活生生地画在纸上。考查形容词和介词短语辨析题。前一空做girl（女孩，指人）的定语，需用lively修饰；中间空有不定冠词修饰，需用名词living，for a living谋生，是固定短语；后一空做animals（动物，指物）的后置定语，需用alive修饰。根据句意语境，可知选C。 8．D 句意：这本故事书卖得很好，非常值得一读。sell well“畅销，卖得好”，主动表被动（sell，write，wash等动作与某些副词连用表示主语的某种性质、特征时，句子用主动形式表示被动意义），可知，第一个空格处填sells；be worth doing sth.“值得做某事”，固定短语，所以第二个空格处填reading。故选D。 9．B 句意：你能告诉我下一步该怎么做吗？ 考查宾语从句和疑问词+不定式。根据题干，所填短语或句子作tell的宾语，选项C和D是完整的句子，且是疑问句语序，而宾语从句应用陈述句语序，故排除；选项A和Bshi疑问词+不定式的结构，不定式中缺少动词do的宾语，what是代词, 可作宾语，how是副词， 作状语。故选B。 10．A 句意：——汤姆在昨天的测验中得了满分。——是的，他说他把笔记看了两遍。 考查时态。根据“Tom got a full mark in the quiz yesterday.”可知“说他把笔记看了两遍”是过去发生的事情，主句用一般过去时，谓语用said；主过从必过，从句谓语用过去完成时。故选A。 11．C 句意：幸福很重要。你生活得越幸福，你就越健康。所以，尽量让自己每天都快乐。 考查比较级句型。此句句型是“the+比较级，the+比较级”，意为“越……，越……”，第一个空格处修饰动词“live”，应用副词比较级，happily副词，比较级是more happily，填The more happily，第二个空格处作表语，用形容词比较级，healthy的比较级是healthier，填the healthier。故选C。 12．D 句意：——你看起来很伤心。怎么了？——我早上过得很糟。当我到学校时，我发现我把作业忘在家里了。我得回家去拿。 考查动词时态以及动词辨析。forget忘记；leave遗忘。根据“By the time I got to school”可知，表示过去的过去，用过去完成时had done的结构。根据“my homework at home”可知，把作业落在家里了，故选D。 13．D 句意：那个男孩承诺不再玩电脑游戏，因为它已经占用了他很多时间。 考查动词不定式的否定式。根据“promised”可知此处用动词短语promise not to do sth表示“承诺不做某事”，因此应用动词不定式的否定式作宾语。故选D。 14．D 句意：——汤姆感到失望的是，当他到达聚会时，大多数客人都离开了。——也许他下次应该早点来。 考查动词时态。分析题干可知，“客人的离开”是发生在“汤姆到达”之前。“到达”的动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，“客人的离开”发生在“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。故选D。 15．C 句意：我认为让他们每天工作十小时是不公平的。 考查非谓语动词。固定句式“It is+形容词+to do sth.”表示“做某事是……的”，动词不定式作真正主语，it作形式主语，故选C。 16．B 17．C 18．B 19．A 20．C 21．A 22．C 23．A 24．B 25．C 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了来自美国的Henry第一次去日本时，在与日本同事用餐过程中，因不了解日本文化习俗而发生的一些尴尬事情。 16．句意：今年，我第一次去了日本。 at在；for为了；on在……上面。根据“the first time”可知，此处考查固定搭配“for the first time”，意为“第一次”。故选B。 17．句意：日本人应该用筷子吃饭，所以我试着和同事们一起用筷子。 supposed to应该，过去式；suppose to动词原形；are supposed to应该。根据“Japanese...use chopsticks to have meals”可知，句子陈述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语Japanese表示“日本人”，复数概念，be动词用are，be supposed to do sth.表示“应该做某事”。故选C。 18．句意：然而，后来问题出现了。 starts开始，一般现在时；started开始，过去式；will start开始，一般将来时。根据前文“I tried to use them with my colleagues.”可知，事情发生在过去，所以句子时态用一般过去时，动词用过去式started。故选B。 19．句意：我鼻子不舒服，所以我转身离开桌子擤鼻涕。 comfortable舒服的，形容词；comfortably舒服地，副词；comfort安慰，动词。根据“I didn’t feel...with my nose”可知，此处考查固定搭配“feel+形容词”，表示“感觉……”，所以这里用形容词comfortable作表语。故选A。 20．句意：就把它们放在桌子上。 their他们的，形容词性物主代词；they他们，人称代词主格；them他们，人称代词宾格。根据“leave...on the table”可知，此处指把筷子放在桌子上，leave是动词，后接人称代词宾格作宾语，所以用them指代chopsticks。故选C。 21．句意：后来，我发现把筷子插在米饭里是不吉利的，因为在日本文化中，这意味着死亡！ unlucky不吉利的，形容词原级；unluckier更不吉利的，形容词比较级；unluckiest最不吉利的，形容词最高级。根据“it means death in Japanese culture”可知，把筷子插在米饭里意味着死亡，所以这是不吉利的，此处没有比较的语境，用形容词原级unlucky。故选A。 22．句意：下次我需要擤鼻涕的时候，我离开桌子去了厕所。 blowing擤，动名词；blew擤，过去式；to blow擤，动词不定式。根据“The next time I needed...my nose”可知，此处考查固定搭配“need to do sth.”，表示“需要做某事”，所以这里用动词不定式to blow。故选C。 23．句意：当我回来时，差不多该走了。 When当……时候；While当……时候；Unless除非。根据“...I returned, it was nearly time to leave.”可知，此处表示“当我回来时，差不多该走了”，when引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是短暂性动词，也可以是延续性动词；while通常用于表示两动作同时进行，多接延续性动作；此处因returned为短暂性动作，更宜用when。故选A。 24．句意：我注意到桌子上有几个装着饮料的小碗。 they were它们是；there were有；it was它是。根据“I noticed...some small bowls with drinks in them on the table.”可知，此处考查固定句型“there be+名词+地点”，表示“某地有某物”，所以用there were。故选B。 25．句意：令我惊讶的是，我的一些同事捂住了嘴。 mouth嘴，名词单数；mouth’s嘴的，名词所有格；mouths嘴，名词复数。根据“some of my colleagues covered their...”可知，同事们捂住了他们的嘴，their后接名词复数mouths。故选C。 26．B 27．D 28．B 29．C 30．A 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了不同地方的人们有不同的问候方式，并详细介绍了一些有趣的问候方式。 26．细节理解题。根据第二段中“In France, the number of kisses is from once to four times from city to village. But twice is by far the most common.”可知，在法国，从城市到乡村，亲吻的次数从一次到四次不等，但两次是最常见的。故选B。 27．细节理解题。根据第三段中“The greeting tradition began from monks (和尚), who would stick out their tongues to show that they came in peace.”可知，在西藏，和尚们伸出舌头问候是为了表明他们来此是为了和平。故选D。 28．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Touching noses is popular in Qatar, Yemen, Oman, and the United Arab Emirates. When people meet, they usually greet by touching their noses.”可知，在卡塔尔、也门、阿曼和阿拉伯联合酋长国，触摸鼻子很受欢迎，人们见面时通常用触摸鼻子来问候。故选B。 29．细节理解题。根据第二段“In Spain, Brazil, Germany, Italy, and other countries, people also greet each other by kissing cheeks.”可知，在西班牙、巴西、德国、意大利和其他国家，人们也通过亲吻脸颊来问候彼此，所以C选项“在西班牙，人们通过亲吻脸颊来问候彼此”是正确的。故选C。 30．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Greeting is a useful way to communicate with others. People in different places have different greeting manners. Here are some interesting ones.”及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了不同地方的人们有不同的问候方式，并详细介绍了一些有趣的问候方式，所以文章的主要目的是介绍一些有趣的问候方式。故选A。 31．C 32．B 33．A 34．D 35．C 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了礼仪在不同时间、不同国家的发展变化，以及不同人群对礼仪重要性的不同看法。 31．词句猜测题。根据第一段中“Whether it’s putting your elbows on the table or talking with a mouth full of food, everyone has to watch their manners at some time.”可知，无论是把胳膊肘放在桌子上，还是满嘴食物地说话，这些都是不礼貌的行为，所以每个人在某些时候都得注意自己的举止，“watch”在此处意为“注意”，与“notice”意思相近。故选C。 32．主旨大意题。通读第三段，本段首先通过“Many old people think so.”承接上文提出的问题“Are manners important?”，然后具体阐述了老年人认为礼仪重要的原因：礼貌的言行对大家都有好处；体现关心他人感受；让世界更快乐；有助于保持健康。因此，本段的主旨是“Good manners are very important.（良好的礼仪非常重要）”。故选B。 33．推理判断题。根据第四段“They hold the idea that manners make people act in a way that doesn’t mean how they really feel. If someone says ‘thank you’ or ‘sorry’ when they don’t mean it, they’re not being polite...As long as people are kind to others, they should be allowed to act how they like.”可知，有些人认为礼仪让人们的行为并不代表他们的真实感受，如果有人不是真心地说“谢谢”或“对不起”，他们就不是有礼貌的，只要人们对别人友好，就应该允许他们按自己喜欢的方式行事，由此可推知，此处与上文形成转折关系，说的是有些人不认为礼仪重要，选项A“然而，一些年轻人不这么认为”符合语境。故选A。 34．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Eating food loudly is considered rude in some countries, but in others it’s a sign that people are enjoying their meal.”可知，在一些国家，大声吃东西被认为是粗鲁的，但在另一些国家，这是人们享受美食的标志，所以大声吃东西有时也是好的礼仪。故选D。 35．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了礼仪在不同时间、不同国家的发展变化，以及不同人群对礼仪重要性的不同看法，所以选项C“关于礼仪的不同看法”最适合作为文章标题。故选C。 36．C 37．A 38．C 39．A 40．B 本文主要是介绍西方餐桌礼仪。 36．细节理解题。根据“HOLDING A KNIFE AND FORK”，“Hold your knife in your right hand”和“Use your fork to lift food to your mouth.”可知用左手拿餐叉把食物放入口中，故选C。 37．细节理解题。根据“When you finish eating, put the knife and fork parallel (平行的) on the right of the plate.”可知，吃完后，把刀叉平行地放在盘子的右边。故选A。 38．细节理解题。根据“But as most informal meals are served without help, the hostess clears the plates, often with the help of a guest or two.”可知吃过饭要帮女主人清理餐具，故选C。 39．细节理解题。根据“Hold your fork in your left hand, tines (尖齿) downward.”可知，正式用餐时，左手拿着叉子，叉齿朝下。故选A。 40．推理判断题。根据“ Do you want to know more about western table manners?”可知西方餐桌礼仪属于文化的范围，故选B。 41．On the second Sunday in May. 42．Flowers or cards. 43．Miss Anna M. Jarvis. 44．To decide a day for all mothers. 45．Because mothers always think of others more than themselves. 本文介绍了母亲节的来历、习俗和中国孩子为母亲做的事情。 41．根据“It is on the second Sunday in May”可知母亲节在五月的第二个周日。故填On the second Sunday in May. 42．根据“On that day mothers usually receive flowers or cards”可知在那一天，母亲们通常会收到鲜花或卡片。故填Flowers or cards. 43．根据“We should thank Miss Anna M. Jarvis. She brought up the idea of having such a day.”可知Miss Anna M. Jarvis提出了过母亲节的想法。故填Miss Anna M. Jarvis. 44．根据“She wrote letters to some important persons. In her letters she asked them to decide a day for all mothers”可知她让一些重要的人为所有母亲决定一个节日。故填To decide a day for all mothers. 45．根据“Because mothers always think of others more than themselves.”可知因为母亲总是为别人着想，而不是为自己着想。故填Because mothers always think of others more than themselves. 46．nervous 47．improved 48．mistakes 49．biggest 50．from 51．Second 52．a 53．everything 54．getting 55．anymore 本文介绍了林悦作为交换生在法国学习，她住在寄宿家庭，他们对她很友好，并且帮助她学习法语。对于林悦来说，最大的挑战就是学习餐桌礼仪，但渐渐地她适应了，也不再觉得法国的风俗很奇怪了。 46．句意：她到达那里之前有点紧张。根据“before she arrived there”可知去之前有点紧张，nervous“紧张的”。故填nervous。 47．句意：由于孙女的帮助，她的法语有所提高。根据“because of the granddaughter’s help”可知法语在她的帮助下提高了，improve“提高”，此处用过去分词和助动词has构成现在完成时。故填improved。 48．句意：虽然她仍然犯了很多错误，但她不像以前那样担心了。根据“ it doesn’t worry her as it used to.”可知她犯了错误，mistake“错误”，用名词复数。故填mistakes。 49．句意：林悦最大的挑战是学习如何在餐桌上表现，因为事情与在家里的方式非常不同。根据“challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table”可知最大的挑战是学习如何在餐桌上表现，用最高级biggest“最大的”。故填biggest。 50．句意：林悦最大的挑战是学习如何在餐桌上表现，因为事情与在家里的方式非常不同。be different from“和……不同”。故填from。 51．句意：其次，除了面包，她不应该用手吃任何东西，甚至水果也不行。根据“First”可知此处指第二点，用副词second。故填Second。 52．句意：她必须把它切成块，用叉子吃。此处泛指“一个叉子”，fork以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 53．句意：很难记住所有事情，但她逐渐习惯了。根据“It is difficult to remember”可知是很难记住所有的事情，everything“所有事”。故填everything。 54．句意：很难记住所有事情，但她逐渐习惯了。get used to doing sth“习惯做某事”，此处用现在分词和be动词构成现在进行时。故填getting。 55．句意：她不再觉得法国习俗那么奇怪了。根据“She doesn’t find French customs so strange”可知是不再觉得法国习俗那么奇怪了，not...anymore“不再”。故填anymore。 56． What had 句意：到她起床的时候，她的妈妈已经去上班了。划线部分为动词短语，即做某事，疑问句应用what来提问，句首首字母w需要大写，原句的主句时态为过去完成时，其谓语结构为“had+done”，所以此处特殊疑问词后续had，故填What；had。 57． Neither nor know 句意：汤姆不知道去车站的路，我也不知道。由句意可知，汤姆和我都不知道去车站的路；neither ... nor“既不……也不……”，连接并列主语时，遵循“就近原则”；就近的主语为“I”，时态为一般现在时，故动词用原形。故填Neither；nor；know。 58． more better 句意：当你多运动时，你就能保持更好的状态。原句可改为“你锻炼得越多，你就能保持得越好”，使用“the+比较级， the+比较级”结构。故填more；better。 59． how to 句意：我不知道我怎么样解决这个问题。要求改为同义句，原句是宾语从句，其同义结构可改为疑问词+不定式结构。“how I can work out the problem.”可改为“how to work out the problem.”故填how；to。 60． How wonderful 句意：我们去年夏天的中国之旅太棒了！根据题干可知，改写后的句子结构是“How+形容词wonderful+主语our journey to China last summer+谓语was”，故填How；wonderful。 61．例文 Dear Jack,   I’m very happy to hear that you’re coming to China next week. Let me tell you something about customs and manners in our country.    As we all know, different countries have different customs. So the manners in China are very different from those in your country. First, we Chinese are supposed to shake hands when we meet for the first time. Then we greet each other. After that, you can talk about something relaxing. But you are not supposed to talk about someone’s salary, age and so on. Second, we use chopsticks to have meals while you use knives and forks. And you shouldn’t point at others with your chopsticks at the table. Also, it’s bad manners to talk too much when you’re having meals. I hope you’ll have a wonderful time in China.   Look forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $