专题03 Units 5～6 教材核心知识串讲（期末复习讲义）八年级英语上学期新教材外研版

该初中英语Units 5~6期末复习讲义以“词汇辨析+语法规则+情境运用”三维框架构建知识体系，通过对比表格（如noise/sound/voice的用法差异）、多义项梳理（如pick up的“捡起/接电话/学会”等义项）、语法结构归纳（如过去进行时与when/while的搭配规则）呈现知识脉络，清晰划分词汇辨析、时态运用等重难点，体现“词汇-语法-情境”的内在逻辑递进。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计与核心素养融合，“基础通关”通过单项选择（如第6题voice/sound辨析）夯实词汇语法基础，提升语言能力；“重难突破”的博物馆规则语篇填空和“链接中考”的哥伦比亚儿童雨林生存故事，以真实情境培养思维品质与文化意识；“易混易错”专项（如careless的派生词转换）引导精准运用。基础生可通过模板掌握方法，优秀生能深化语篇分析，教师可依托分层资源实施精准复习教学。

专题03 Units 5~6教材核心知识串讲（期末复习讲义） 单元 语法点 常考题型 命题趋势 Unit 5-6 1.noise, sound与voice 2. pick up 3.honesty 4.respect 5.clear 6. experienced 7.get in touch （with sb.）8. careless 9.shocking 10.leave behind11.break out12. increase 13.safety 14.uncomfortable 15. come out 16.herself 17.动词不定式作目的状语 18.过去进行时的基本用法19.when引导的从句与过去进行时20.while引导的从句与过去进行时 单项选择 语法选择 语法填空等 1.注重素养：更加注重对学生英语核心素养的考查。 2.情境化突出：借助生活、学校、社会等多种情境，将语法考察与实际生活相结合。 3.文化传承与价值导向明显：注重选取具有文化内涵和思想价值的语篇。 知识点01 noise, sound与voice noise 多指不悦耳的吵闹声、嘈杂声，可与make连用 sound 泛指能听见的自然界的各种声音，不带有任何感情色彩 voice 多指人说话或唱歌的声音 There was a loud noise outside the classroom. The physics teacher had to raise his voice,“Light travels much faster than sound.”教室外面一片嘈杂声，物理老师不得不提高嗓音说：“光的传播速度比声音快得多。” 知识点02 pick up捡起，拾起 为“动词+副词”型短语。 pick+名词+up=pick up+名词 pick+人称代词+up Cleaners pick up rubbish to keep our environment clean.清洁工捡拾垃圾以保持环境清洁。 There is a book on the ground. Please pick it up.地上有一本书,请把它捡起来吧。 易｜错｜点｜拨 pick up的其他常见义项： 接电话 I called you last night, but you didn’t pick up.我昨晚给你打电话了,但是你没接。 搭载；（开车）接人 Shall we go to the airport to pick up your sister？我们去机场接你妹妹好吗？ 收拾；整理 Will you pick up all your toys?把你的玩具都收起来好吗？ （偶然）得到,听 到,学会 Last week, I picked up a popular recipe to cook fish. 上周,我学了一个流行的烹饪鱼的 食谱。 知识点03 honesty n.诚实，正直；坦诚 由“honest（adj.诚实的；坦诚的）+-y（名词后缀）”构成。 Honesty can lead me forward and make my future more colorful.诚实可以指引我前进，让我的未来更加多姿多彩。 易｜错｜点｜拨 知识点04 respect v.尊重 ［及物动词］后常接名词或代词作宾语。 respect sb. for（doing）sth.因（做）某事而尊敬某人 I respect their views, although I do not agree with them.虽然我不同意,但是我尊重他们的观点。 We respect him as a great leader.我们尊敬他是一位伟大的领袖。 I respect her for her honesty.我敬佩她的诚实。 易｜错｜点｜拨 ［不可数名词］尊敬 常与介词for连用。 show respect for...向……表示尊敬 1.Later she comes to understand their lifestyle and respect for nature.后来，她开始理解他们的生活方式和对大自然的尊重。 2.We teenagers should show respect for our elders.我们青少年应该尊敬长辈。 知识点05 clear adj.清楚的，明确的 Are these instructions clear enough?这些说明够清楚吗？ You can use your hands to make your points clearer in your speech.在演讲中，你可以利用手势使你的观点更加清楚易懂。 易｜错｜点｜拨 clear作形容词时的其他常见含义： 知识点06 experienced adj.经验丰富的，有经验的 在句中可作定语或表语。 be experienced in在……方面经验丰富 He is an experienced pilot.他是一个经验丰富的飞行员。 She’s very experienced in looking after animals.她在照顾动物方面很有经验。 易｜错｜点｜拨 知识点07 get in touch （with sb.）（与某人）取得联系 We will get in touch with you as soon as we know the results. 我们一得知结果就和你联系。 keep/stay in touch（with sb.（与某人）保持联系 lose touch （with sb.）（与某人）失去联系 1.Wherever you go, please keep/stay in touch with me. 无论你去哪里，请和我保持联系。 2.I lost touch with Julie after we moved. 我们搬家后，我就和朱莉失去了联系。 知识点08 careless adj. 不小心的，粗心的，疏忽的 由“care（n.小心）+-less（形容词后缀）”构成，可作表语或定语。 It’s careless of him to leave the tap running. 他忘了关水龙头，真是太粗心了。 Mr. Liu is a careless person. He always forgets to turn off the lights. 刘先生是个粗心的人。他总是忘记关灯。 易｜错｜点｜拨 care的相关词： Tom is a careless boy, and he always does his homework very carelessly. He didn’t pass the exam because of his carelessness. The teacher told him that he must be careful when studying.汤姆是个粗心的男孩，他做作业总是很粗心。由于粗心,他没有通过考试。老师告诉他学习时一定要细心。 知识点09 shocking adj.惊人的，骇人的，令人难以置信的 shocking与shocked shocking 惊人的，骇人的 常用来描述事物的特征，在句中可作表语或定语。 shocked 震惊的 常用来描述人的感受，在句中常作表语。be shocked at/by...对……感到震惊 1.Andy shared his shocking discovery on the internet.安迪在网上分享了他的惊人发现。 2.We were all shocked at the news of his death.听到他去世的消息，我们都感到震惊。 知识点10 leave behind留下；忘记带走 为“动词+副词”型短语。 I think I might have left my wallet behind.我想我可能忘带钱包了。 易｜错｜点｜拨 leave behind的其他含义： 把……抛在后面 When you are busy with a hobby, you leave all your worries behind.当你忙于一项爱好 时，你会将所有的烦恼抛在后面。 落后 I was left behind in maths after I missed three classes.我数学缺了三节课后，就跟不上 了。 知识点11 break out突然发生；爆发 不及物动词短语，不用于被动语态。 Do you know what to do if a fire breaks out?如果发生火灾，你知道该怎么办吗？ Fighting broke out between rival groups of fans.双方球迷发生了冲突。 易｜错｜点｜拨 含break的其他常见短语： break away 突然离开，逃脱 break down 坏掉，出故障；打破 break off 中断，停顿；折断 break up（使）破裂；解散 break into 强行闯入 知识点12 increase v.增加；增大；提高 （1）作不及物动词 increase by 增长了（后接百分比或倍数） increase to 增长到（后接具体数字） The hit of this video increased to 2 million. Compared with yesterday, it increased by 10%.这个视频的点击量增加到了200万，与昨天相比，增加了10%。 易｜错｜点｜拨 作及物动词 We need to increase productivity.我们需要提高生产力。 increase还可作名词，意为“增长；增多”。作可数名词时，其前若用不定冠词应用an。 There was an increase in sales.销售量增长了。 知识点13 safety n.安全 ［不可数名词］反义词是danger。 for safety 为了安全起见 in safety（=safely）安全地 Safety comes first. 安全第一。 For your safety, you mustn’t get close to the train until it stops.为了你们的安全，直到火车停下来你们才能靠近它。 They crossed the road in safety. 他们安全地穿过了马路。 易｜错｜点｜拨 知识点14 uncomfortable adj.不舒服的 由“un-（否定前缀）+comfortable（adj.舒服的）”构成。 Have you ever felt uncomfortable with your stomach when you’re nervous or excited? 当你紧张或兴奋时，你是否感到过胃部不适？ 易｜错｜点｜拨 1.These new shoes are not very comfortable.这双新鞋穿起来不太舒服。 2.If you’re all sitting comfortably, then I’ll begin.要是你们都坐好了，那么我就开始。 3.She sat uncomfortably on the edge of the table.她将就坐在桌边上，非常难受。 知识点15 come out 从困境、黑暗或消极状态中解脱出来 After months of therapy, Sarah finally came out of her depression and started enjoying life again.经过几个月的治疗，萨拉终于从抑郁中走出来，重新开始享受生活。 易｜错｜点｜拨 come out的其他常见含义： 1.Most of the flowers come out in spring.大部分花在春天开放。 2.When is the new novel coming out?新版小说什么时候出版？ 3.There is no doubt that the truth will come out one day.毫无疑问，总有一天会真相大白。 知识点16 herself pron.她自己 反身代词与它所指代的名词或代词形成互指关系，在人称或数上应保持一致，常译为“自己，本身；亲自”。 by oneself 单独；独自 Kate can dress herself now.凯特现在可以自己穿衣服了。 Molly was happy because she solved her problem all by herself!莫莉很开心，因为她独自解决了问题！ 拓展 反身代词大集合 myself 我自己 ourselves 我们自己 yourself 你自己 yourselves 你们自己 himself他自己/herself她自己/itself它自己 themselves他们/她们/它们自己 知识点17 动词不定式作目的状语 　　动词不定式作目的状语,表示行为动作的目的,其逻辑主语通常要与句子主语保持一致。 (1)直接用动词不定式作目的状语,可位于句首或句末。 To catch the bus, he got up early.为了赶公共汽车,他很早就起床了。 (2)in order to do作目的状语,可位于句首,也可位于句中。 He was saving money in order to repay Jennie.他在攒钱以便偿还欠Jennie的钱。 (3)so as to do作目的状语,只能位于句子后半部分。 They worked hard so as to end the task with success. 他们努力工作以便圆满完成任务。 易｜错｜点｜拨 动词不定式作目的状语时,其否定形式一般不用“not+动词不定式”,而用“in order not+动词不定式”或“so as not+动词不定式”。 咱们快点儿,以免开会迟到。 (√)Let's hurry in order not to be(=so as not to be) late for the meeting.  (×)Let's hurry not to be late for the meeting. 知识点18 过去进行时的基本用法 用法 例句 表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,常与then、at this/that time yesterday、at that moment、at ten o'clock yesterday等时间状语连用 —What were you doing at seven last night?昨晚七点你在做什么? —I was watching TV.我在看电视。 表示过去某段时间内一直持续进行的动作,常与the whole morning、“from+时间点+to+时间点+last night”等时间状语连用 We were waiting for you the whole morning.我们一整个早上都在等你。 在讲故事的语境中,用来描绘一幅景象 It was sitting in a tree and smiling at everyone. 它正坐在树上,朝着大家微笑。 知识点19 when引导的从句与过去进行时 一般情况下,when引导的时间状语从句与主句的时态: 主句 when引导的时间状语从句 过去进行时 一般过去时 一般过去时 过去进行时 (1)when引导的时间状语既可以指时间点,也可以指时间段。因此,在when引导的时间状语从句中,谓语可以用非延续性动词,也可以用延续性动词。 It was raining when he reached Zhengzhou. 当他到郑州时正在下雨。 Someone called my name when I was waiting for the bus.我正在等公共汽车时,有人叫了我的名字。 (2)在含有when引导的时间状语从句的复合句中,如果主句用过去进行时,从句用一般过去时,则表示一个动作正在进行的时候另一个动作(突然)发生了,强调后一动作发生的突然性。 I was listening to music when you called me.我正在听音乐,你(突然)给我打电话了。 We were dancing when a stranger came in.我们正跳着舞,一个陌生人(突然)走了进来。 这种情况下也可以用while表达,但不强调突然性。 While we were dancing, a stranger came in.我们正跳着舞时,一个陌生人走了进来。(只表明事实,不强调突然性) 知识点20 while引导的从句与过去进行时 　　一般情况下,while引导的时间状语从句与主句的时态: 主句 while引导的时间状语从句 过去进行时 过去进行时 一般过去时 过去进行时 (1)通常while所引导的时间状语只指时间段,因此在while引导的时间状语从句中,动词必须是延续性动词。 Someone knocked at the door while my mother was cooking.我妈妈正在做饭的时候,有人敲门。 (2)当从句和主句的动作都是延续的或同时发生,且都用过去进行时的时候,多用while引导从句。 My father was teaching me to play chess while my mother was correcting her students' homework.我妈妈在批改她的学生的家庭作业时,我爸爸在教我下国际象棋。 基础通关（测试时间：10分钟） 1．We should always avoid ________ loud noise in the library. A．make B．to make C．making D．made 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们应该总是避免在图书馆制造大声噪音。 考查非谓语动词。avoid doing sth.是固定用法，意为“避免做某事”，此处用动名词making。故选C。 2．We should try our best ________ others in need. A．help B．to help C．helping D．helped 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们应该尽最大努力去帮助有需要的人。 考查非谓语动词。try one’s best to do sth.为固定短语，意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”，需用动词不定式作目的状语。故选B。 3．—Nile, do you know why some wild birds fly to the south every winter? —________ from the cold weather here. A．Hide B．Hides C．To hide D．Hiding 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——奈尔，你知道为什么一些野生鸟每年冬天飞到南方吗？——为了躲避这里寒冷的天气。 考查动词不定式表目的。在英语中，当回答“why”的问题时，常用“to + 动词原形”来表示目的或原因，意思是“为了……”。故选C。 4．We do everything we can ________ our country ________. A．make; better B．make; be better C．to make; to be better D．to make, better 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们尽我们所能来使我们的国家变得更好。   考查非谓语动词以及形容词比较级。make使，让；better更好的；be better更好的，是系表结构。第一个空用动词不定式“to make”作目的状语，表示“我们尽我们所能”的目的是“使我们的国家变得更好”；第二个空是“make+宾语+形容词作宾语补足语”结构，所以第二个空用形容词比较级better，表示“使我们的国家变得更好”，不需要be动词。故选D。 5．________ healthy, you need to eat vegetables and exercise often. A．Keep B．Kept C．Keeping D．To keep 【答案】D 【详解】句意：为了保持健康，你需要多吃蔬菜并且经常锻炼。 考查非谓语动词作目的状语的用法。 keep保持，动词原形；kept保持，是keep的过去式和过去分词形式；keeping保持，是keep的现在分词形式；to keep保持，是keep的动词不定式形式。根据句子“you need to eat vegetables and exercise often”可知，前面部分需要用动词不定式来表示目的，意为“为了……”。“to keep”可以作目的状语，符合句子语境。故选D。 6．It’s sad to know that the singer died, but her sweet________will be remembered by the world. A．noise B．voice C．sound D．shout 【答案】B 【详解】句意：得知这位歌手去世的消息令人难过，但她甜美的声音将被世界铭记。   考查名词辨析。noise噪音；voice嗓音；sound声音；shout喊叫。根据“It’s sad to know that the singer died, but her sweet”和sweet的提示，应选择描述歌手嗓音的voice。故选B。 7．For your own ________, please do not smoke inside the plane. A．seat B．safety C．score D．service 【答案】B 【详解】句意：为了你自己的安全，请不要在飞机内吸烟。 考查名词辨析。seat座位；safety安全；score得分；service服务。根据“please do not smoke inside the plane”可知，禁止在飞机内吸烟是为了安全着想。故选B。 8．Tina can clean up her bedroom by ________. She doesn’t need her parents’ help. A．she B．her C．herself D．hers 【答案】C 【详解】句意：蒂娜可以自己打扫她的卧室。她不需要父母的帮助。 考查代词辨析。she她，主格形式；her她的，形容词性物主代词或宾格；herself她自己，反身代词；hers她的，名词性物主代词，相当于“her+名词”；“by oneself”是固定短语，表示“独自，靠某人自己”，这里表示蒂娜靠自己打扫卧室，所以要用反身代词“herself”。故选C。 9．When I saw Betty yesterday, she ______ an old woman cross the road. A．helps B．will help C．was helping D．have helped 【答案】C 【详解】句意：昨天我看到贝蒂时，她正在帮助一位老妇人过马路。    考查动词时态。helps一般现在时；will help一般将来时；was helping过去进行时；have helped现在完成时。 根据“when I saw Betty yesterday”可知，句子描述的是过去某个具体时刻正在进行的动作，需用过去进行时，故选C。 10．It ________ hard when I got off the bus. A．rains B．is raining C．was raining D．rained 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我下公共汽车的时候，雨下得很大。 考查时态。根据“when I got off the bus.”可知，下车的时候正在下大雨，用过去进行时was/were doing。故选C。 11．What ______ you doing when the rainstorm _____? A．was；came B．were；came C．are；came D．is；come 【答案】B 【详解】句意：暴风雨来临时你在做什么？ 考查动词时态。根据“What …you doing when the rainstorm …?”可知，此处是when引导的时间状语从句，主句时态为过去进行时，主语为you，be动词用were；从句时态为一般过去时，动词应用过去式。故选B。 重难突破（测试时间：10分钟） 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Many museums have works of art, and some have valuable pieces that can never be replaced. These museums give the public a c 1 to enjoy their treasures. In the past, people could hardly talk when visiting m 2 . Today, rules aren't as strict, b 3 following some basic rules is still necessary. Respect the space * Keep the museum space c 4 and throw away all rubbish. * Avoid standing against walls and watch where you walk. * No food is allowed. Finish e 5 all the food before entering the museum. Respect the art线 * No touching the art. Hands, f 6 or any body part should never come into contact with the artwork.(Someone thinks a small touch won't hurt the artwork, but imagine how those “touches” would add up with h 7 or thousands of visitors every day.) * No flash photos. Bright lights can be h 8 to the art. Respect other visitors * Complete silence isn't necessary, but talk in a low v 9 . * Stand in line while buying tickets or waiting. Follow the rules a 10 . They can make everyone's museum experience safe and enjoyable. 1. chance 句意：这些博物馆给公众一个机会来欣赏它们的珍宝。 chance机会、由a可知用 chance的单数形式。 2. museums 根据上句中 museums并结合首字母提示可知.应用 museum 的某种形式。museum为可数名词、此处用复数形式表泛指。 3. but前文说现在规则不像过去那么严格、后文又说遵守一些基本规则仍然是必要的，前后是转折关系，所以用but连接。 4. clean 根据 throw away all rubbish 可知,要保持博物馆空间“干净”, “keep sth+ adj.”表示“使某物保持某种状态”,为固定结构，clean是形容词、意为“干净的”.符合语境。 5. eating 根据“No food is allowed.”可知,进入博物馆前要吃完所有食物, finish doing sth 是固定用法,意为“做完某事”,所以填 eating。 6. fingers 这里说的是身体部位不能接触艺术品,与 hands和 body part 并列、结合首字母f可知, fingers“手指”符合语境。 7. hundreds 根据 or thousands of visitors every day可知,这里表示数量,与 thousands of并列。结合首字母h 可知,hundreds of表示“成百上千的”,符合语境、故填 hundreds。 8. harmful 根据常识,强光对艺术品是“有害的”, be harmful to是固定短语,意为“对······有害”,故填 harmful。 9. voice 根据“Complete silence isn't necessary, but talk in a low v .”可知，不需要完全安静，但要小声说话，in a low voice 表示“小声地”,是固定短语,故填 voice。 10. above 该段是总结，意思是“遵守上面的规则。它们可以让每个人的博物馆体验安全又愉快”。故此处填above“上文”。 易混易错（测试时间：10分钟） 1.It can help you feel more connected to the _________(nature) world. 2.—What's your _________(react) to the news?—I was so surprised. 3.Listen to the guides and follow the ______(safe) rules. 4They might lose their way or meet __________(danger) animals. 5.China is one of many countries with disaster _________(warn) systems. 6.The old man was badly ill, and he needs an _________(operate) right now. 7.For your own _______(safe), please don't smoke inside the plane. 8.Last night my mother told me the important news _________(serious). 9.Your ____________________(behave) are important and they can show your manners. 10.They may help people fix their _______(break) bicycles or washing machines. 11.We must learn how to save ourselves when a _______(nature) disaster happens. 12._________(smoke) and littering aren't allowed, either. 13.He's a two-year-old dog, and he got ______(lose) three days ago as we walked in the park. 14.Mary felt ________(scare) when she saw the black snake. 15.What a __________(shock) story it is! We don't believe it at all. 16.The article is about some __________(history) facts of the war. 17.Last week, a great storm _______(break) out. 18.After hearing about the news, my sister got more and more ________(worry). 19.Look! It is raining ________(heavy). We can't go out with friends. 20.The cinema has the biggest screen, but it has the worst _______(serve). 21.With the ___________(develop) of science and technology, our scientists have made them come true. 22.Tina can clean up her bedroom by _______(her). She doesn't need her parents' help. 23.But after a while, you may feel ______________(comfortable), sleepy or unable to focus on anything. 24.My mother told me some ____________(encourage) words. She wanted me not to give up. 1.natural 2.reaction3.safety 2.dangerous 5.warning 6.operation7.safety 8.seriously 9.behaviors/behaviours 10.broken 11.natural12.Smoking 13.lost 14.scared 15.shocking 16.historical17.broke 18.worried 19.heavily 20.service 21.development22.herself 23.uncomfortable 24.encouraging 链接中考（测试时间：15分钟） （2025·天津河北·二模）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Earlier last year, something amazing happened in Colombia. Four children stayed alive for 40 days in the rainforest after their plane had an a 1 . The children were flying to San Jose del Guaviare with their mum. Sadly, their small plane fell in the rainforest. All three adults (成年人) on the plane died, i 2 the children’s mother. This left the four children alone in the rainforest. The oldest child was a 13-year-old girl. Next came a 9-year-old, a 4-year-old, and an 11-month-old baby. At first, the children depended on the food from the plane. After they ran out of the food, they looked for some plants and fruit to eat. They also built a shelter (遮蔽物) to protect themselves against d 3 animals and rainstorms. As soon as the plane went down, people started searching to see if a 4 still stayed alive. After two weeks, the plane was found. People noticed some s 5 which showed the children may still be alive. Search teams flew in small planes and d 6 boxes of food onto the ground, hoping the children would find them. Over 150 soldiers were sent out with dogs to search for the children. They left whistles (哨子) around, hoping the children would find the whistles and use them to make loud n 7 . Around 70 volunteers also helped. After 40 days, the soldiers f 8 found the children, about 5 kilometres away from where the plane was. The children were too weak to move their bodies or c 9 with others. However, they were alive. The soldiers couldn’t be happier. They took the children to the h 10 quickly. With the doctors and nurses’ care, they got better soon. And they were in excellent condition after that. The children’s story surprised many people. How lucky and brave they were! 【答案】1．(a)ccident 2．(i)ncluding 3．(d)angerous 4．(a)nyone 5．(s)igns 6．(d)ropped 7．(n)oises 8．(f)inally 9．(c)ommunicate 10．(h)ospital 【导语】本文主要讲述一架小型飞机由于故障在哥伦比亚的热带雨林中坠毁，飞机上的四个孩子奇迹般地在这里生存了40天，最终成功获救。他们的故事触动了很多人。 1．句意：四名儿童在飞机发生事故之后，在雨林中存活了40天。根据“Sadly, their small plane fell in the rainforest”可知飞机坠落到雨林里，所以是出了事故，accident“事故”，an后加可数名词单数。故填(a)ccident。 2．句意：飞机上的三名成人都已死亡，包括孩子们的母亲。根据“the children’s mother”可知飞机上的三名成人都已死亡，包括孩子们的母亲，此处用介词including“包括”。故填(i)ncluding。 3．句意：他们还建造了一个遮蔽物，以保护自己免受危险的动物和暴风雨的侵袭。根据“animals and rainstorms.”可知这个遮蔽物可以保护他们免受危险的动物和暴风雨的侵袭，dangerous“危险的”，形容词作定语。故填(d)angerous。 4．句意：飞机坠毁后，人们立即开始搜寻，看看是否还有任何人幸存。根据“see if...still stayed alive”可知是看是否还有人活着，anyone“任何人”。故填(a)nyone。 5．句意：人们注意到一些迹象，表明孩子们可能还活着。根据“which showed the children may still be alive.”可知是有迹象表明孩子们可能还活着，sign“迹象”，some后加名词复数。故填(s)igns。 6．句意：搜救队乘坐小型飞机，将装有食物的箱子空投到地面，希望孩子们能找到它们。根据“boxes of food onto the ground”可知是把装有食物的箱子投到地面，drop“掉落”，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(d)ropped。 7．句意：他们四处留下哨子，希望孩子们能找到哨子并用它们发出响亮的声音。根据“hoping the children would find the whistles and use them to make loud”可知是用哨子发出噪音，noise“噪音”，用名词复数表泛指。故填(n)oises。 8．句意：40天后，士兵们终于在距离飞机坠毁地点约5公里的地方找到了孩子们。根据“found the children”可知是终于找到了那些孩子，修饰动词用副词finally“终于”。故填(f)inally。 9．句意：孩子们虚弱得无法动弹或与他人交流。根据“with others”可知孩子很虚弱，不能和他人交流，communicate“交流”，or前后的动词形式一致，故此处用动词原形。故填(c)ommunicate。 10．句意：士兵们欣喜若狂，迅速将孩子们送往医院。根据“With the doctors and nurses’ care”可知是把他们送到了医院，hospital“医院”。故填(h)ospital。 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 Units 5~6教材核心知识串讲（期末复习讲义） 单元 语法点 常考题型 命题趋势 Unit 5-6 1.noise, sound与voice 2. pick up 3.honesty 4.respect 5.clear 6. experienced 7.get in touch （with sb.）8. careless 9.shocking 10.leave behind11.break out12. increase 13.safety 14.uncomfortable 15. come out 16.herself 17.动词不定式作目的状语 18.过去进行时的基本用法19.when引导的从句与过去进行时20.while引导的从句与过去进行时 单项选择 语法选择 语法填空等 1.注重素养：更加注重对学生英语核心素养的考查。 2.情境化突出：借助生活、学校、社会等多种情境，将语法考察与实际生活相结合。 3.文化传承与价值导向明显：注重选取具有文化内涵和思想价值的语篇。 知识点01 noise, sound与voice noise 多指不悦耳的吵闹声、嘈杂声，可与make连用 sound 泛指能听见的自然界的各种声音，不带有任何感情色彩 voice 多指人说话或唱歌的声音 There was a loud outside the classroom. The physics teacher had to raise his , “Light travels much faster than .”教室外面一片嘈杂声，物理老师不得不提高嗓音说：“光的传播速度比声音快得多。” 知识点02 pick up捡起，拾起 为“动词+副词”型短语。 pick+名词+up=pick up+名词 pick+人称代词+up Cleaners pick up rubbish to keep our environment clean.清洁工捡拾垃圾以保持环境清洁。 There is a book on the ground. Please pick it up.地上有一本书,请把它捡起来吧。 易｜错｜点｜拨 pick up的其他常见义项： 接电话 I called you last night, but you didn’t  .我昨晚给你打电话了,但是你没接。 搭载；（开车）接人 Shall we go to the airport to   your sister？我们去机场接你妹妹好吗？ 收拾；整理 Will you  all your toys?把你的玩具都收起来好吗？ （偶然）得到,听 到,学会 Last week, I   a popular recipe to cook fish. 上周,我学了一个流行的烹饪鱼的 食谱。 知识点03 honesty n.诚实，正直；坦诚 由“honest（adj.诚实的；坦诚的）+-y（名词后缀）”构成。 can lead me forward and make my future more colorful.诚实可以指引我前进，让我的未来更加多姿多彩。 易｜错｜点｜拨 知识点04 respect v.尊重 ［及物动词］后常接名词或代词作宾语。 respect sb. for（doing）sth.因（做）某事而尊敬某人 I respect their views, although I do not agree with them.虽然我不同意,但是我尊重他们的观点。 We respect him as a great leader.我们尊敬他是一位伟大的领袖。 I respect her for her honesty.我敬佩她的诚实。 易｜错｜点｜拨 ［不可数名词］尊敬 常与介词for连用。 show respect for...向……表示尊敬 1.Later she comes to understand their lifestyle and for nature.后来，她开始理解他们的生活方式和对大自然的尊重。 2.We teenagers should show respect our elders.我们青少年应该尊敬长辈。 知识点05 clear adj.清楚的，明确的 Are these instructions enough?这些说明够清楚吗？ You can use your hands to make your points in your speech.在演讲中，你可以利用手势使你的观点更加清楚易懂。 易｜错｜点｜拨 clear作形容词时的其他常见含义： 知识点06 experienced adj.经验丰富的，有经验的 在句中可作定语或表语。 be experienced in在……方面经验丰富 He is an pilot.他是一个经验丰富的飞行员。 She’s very in looking after animals.她在照顾动物方面很有经验。 易｜错｜点｜拨 知识点07 get in touch （with sb.）（与某人）取得联系 We will get in touch with you as soon as we know the results. 我们一得知结果就和你联系。 keep/stay in touch（with sb.（与某人）保持联系 lose touch （with sb.）（与某人）失去联系 1.Wherever you go, please me. 无论你去哪里，请和我保持联系。 2.I Julie after we moved. 我们搬家后，我就和朱莉失去了联系。 知识点08 careless adj. 不小心的，粗心的，疏忽的 由“care（n.小心）+-less（形容词后缀）”构成，可作表语或定语。 It’s careless of him to leave the tap running. 他忘了关水龙头，真是太粗心了。 Mr. Liu is a careless person. He always forgets to turn off the lights. 刘先生是个粗心的人。他总是忘记关灯。 易｜错｜点｜拨 care的相关词： Tom is a boy, and he always does his homework very . He didn’t pass the exam because of his . The teacher told him that he must be when studying.汤姆是个粗心的男孩，他做作业总是很粗心。由于粗心,他没有通过考试。老师告诉他学习时一定要细心。 知识点09 shocking adj.惊人的，骇人的，令人难以置信的 shocking与shocked shocking 惊人的，骇人的 常用来描述事物的特征，在句中可作表语或定语。 shocked 震惊的 常用来描述人的感受，在句中常作表语。be shocked at/by...对……感到震惊 1.Andy shared his discovery on the internet.安迪在网上分享了他的惊人发现。 2.We were all at the news of his death.听到他去世的消息，我们都感到震惊。 知识点10 leave behind留下；忘记带走 为“动词+副词”型短语。 I think I might have left my wallet behind.我想我可能忘带钱包了。 易｜错｜点｜拨 leave behind的其他含义： 把……抛在后面 When you are busy with a hobby, you leave all your worries  .当你忙于一项爱好 时，你会将所有的烦恼抛在后面。 落后 I was  behind in maths after I missed three classes.我数学缺了三节课后，就跟不上了。 知识点11 break out突然发生；爆发 不及物动词短语，不用于被动语态。 Do you know what to do if a fire breaks out?如果发生火灾，你知道该怎么办吗？ Fighting broke out between rival groups of fans.双方球迷发生了冲突。 易｜错｜点｜拨 含break的其他常见短语： break 突然离开，逃脱 break 坏掉，出故障；打破 break 中断，停顿；折断 break （使）破裂；解散 break 强行闯入 知识点12 increase v.增加；增大；提高 （1）作不及物动词 increase by 增长了（后接百分比或倍数） increase to 增长到（后接具体数字） The hit of this video increased 2 million. Compared with yesterday, it increased 10%.这个视频的点击量增加到了200万，与昨天相比，增加了10%。 易｜错｜点｜拨 作及物动词 We need to increase productivity.我们需要提高生产力。 increase还可作名词，意为“增长；增多”。作可数名词时，其前若用不定冠词应用an。 There was an increase in sales.销售量增长了。 知识点13 safety n.安全 ［不可数名词］反义词是danger。 for safety 为了安全起见 in safety（=safely）安全地 Safety comes first. 安全第一。 For your , you mustn’t get close to the train until it stops.为了你们的安全，直到火车停下来你们才能靠近它。 They crossed the road in . 他们安全地穿过了马路。 易｜错｜点｜拨 知识点14 uncomfortable adj.不舒服的 由“un-（否定前缀）+comfortable（adj.舒服的）”构成。 Have you ever felt uncomfortable with your stomach when you’re nervous or excited? 当你紧张或兴奋时，你是否感到过胃部不适？ 易｜错｜点｜拨 1.These new shoes are not very .这双新鞋穿起来不太舒服。 2.If you’re all sitting , then I’ll begin.要是你们都坐好了，那么我就开始。 3.She sat on the edge of the table.她将就坐在桌边上，非常难受。 知识点15 come out 从困境、黑暗或消极状态中解脱出来 After months of therapy, Sarah finally came out of her depression and started enjoying life again.经过几个月的治疗，萨拉终于从抑郁中走出来，重新开始享受生活。 易｜错｜点｜拨 come out的其他常见含义： 1.Most of the flowers come in spring.大部分花在春天开放。 2.When is the new novel out?新版小说什么时候出版？ 3.There is no doubt that the truth will come one day.毫无疑问，总有一天会真相大白。 知识点16 herself pron.她自己 反身代词与它所指代的名词或代词形成互指关系，在人称或数上应保持一致，常译为“自己，本身；亲自”。 by oneself 单独；独自 Kate can dress herself now.凯特现在可以自己穿衣服了。 Molly was happy because she solved her problem all by herself!莫莉很开心，因为她独自解决了问题！ 拓展 反身代词大集合 我自己 我们自己 你自己 你们自己 他自己/ 她自己 / 它自己 他们/她们/它们自己 知识点17 动词不定式作目的状语 　　动词不定式作目的状语,表示行为动作的目的,其逻辑主语通常要与句子主语保持一致。 (1)直接用动词不定式作目的状语,可位于句首或句末。 catch the bus, he got up early.为了赶公共汽车,他很早就起床了。 (2)in order to do作目的状语,可位于句首,也可位于句中。 He was saving money in order repay Jennie.他在攒钱以便偿还欠Jennie的钱。 (3)so as to do作目的状语,只能位于句子后半部分。 They worked hard so as end the task with success. 他们努力工作以便圆满完成任务。 易｜错｜点｜拨 动词不定式作目的状语时,其否定形式一般不用“not+动词不定式”,而用“in order not+动词不定式”或“so as not+动词不定式”。 咱们快点儿,以免开会迟到。 (√)Let's hurry in order not to be(=so as not to be) late for the meeting.  (×)Let's hurry not to be late for the meeting. 知识点18 过去进行时的基本用法 用法 例句 表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,常与then、at this/that time yesterday、at that moment、at ten o'clock yesterday等时间状语连用 —What were you at seven last night?昨晚七点你在做什么? —I was TV.我在看电视。 表示过去某段时间内一直持续进行的动作,常与the whole morning、“from+时间点+to+时间点+last night”等时间状语连用 We were for you the whole morning.我们一整个早上都在等你。 在讲故事的语境中,用来描绘一幅景象 It was in a tree and smiling at everyone. 它正坐在树上,朝着大家微笑。 知识点19 when引导的从句与过去进行时 一般情况下,when引导的时间状语从句与主句的时态: 主句 when引导的时间状语从句 过去进行时 一般过去时 一般过去时 过去进行时 (1)when引导的时间状语既可以指时间点,也可以指时间段。因此,在when引导的时间状语从句中,谓语可以用非延续性动词,也可以用延续性动词。 It was raining when he Zhengzhou. 当他到郑州时正在下雨。 Someone called my name when I was for the bus.我正在等公共汽车时,有人叫了我的名字。 (2)在含有when引导的时间状语从句的复合句中,如果主句用过去进行时,从句用一般过去时,则表示一个动作正在进行的时候另一个动作(突然)发生了,强调后一动作发生的突然性。 I was to music when you called me.我正在听音乐,你(突然)给我打电话了。 We were when a stranger came in.我们正跳着舞,一个陌生人(突然)走了进来。 这种情况下也可以用while表达,但不强调突然性。 While we were , a stranger came in.我们正跳着舞时,一个陌生人走了进来。(只表明事实,不强调突然性) 知识点20 while引导的从句与过去进行时 　　一般情况下,while引导的时间状语从句与主句的时态: 主句 while引导的时间状语从句 过去进行时 过去进行时 一般过去时 过去进行时 (1)通常while所引导的时间状语只指时间段,因此在while引导的时间状语从句中,动词必须是延续性动词。 Someone knocked at the door while my mother was .我妈妈正在做饭的时候,有人敲门。 (2)当从句和主句的动作都是延续的或同时发生,且都用过去进行时的时候,多用while引导从句。 My father was teaching me to play chess while my mother was her students' homework.我妈妈在批改她的学生的家庭作业时,我爸爸在教我下国际象棋。 基础通关（测试时间：10分钟） 1．We should always avoid ________ loud noise in the library. A．make B．to make C．making D．made 2．We should try our best ________ others in need. A．help B．to help C．helping D．helped 3．—Nile, do you know why some wild birds fly to the south every winter? —________ from the cold weather here. A．Hide B．Hides C．To hide D．Hiding 4．We do everything we can ________ our country ________. A．make; better B．make; be better C．to make; to be better D．to make, better 5．________ healthy, you need to eat vegetables and exercise often. A．Keep B．Kept C．Keeping D．To keep 6．It’s sad to know that the singer died, but her sweet________will be remembered by the world. A．noise B．voice C．sound D．shout 7．For your own ________, please do not smoke inside the plane. A．seat B．safety C．score D．service 8．Tina can clean up her bedroom by ________. She doesn’t need her parents’ help. A．she B．her C．herself D．hers 9．When I saw Betty yesterday, she ______ an old woman cross the road. A．helps B．will help C．was helping D．have helped 10．It ________ hard when I got off the bus. A．rains B．is raining C．was raining D．rained 11．What ______ you doing when the rainstorm _____? A．was；came B．were；came C．are；came D．is；come 重难突破（测试时间：10分钟） 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Many museums have works of art, and some have valuable pieces that can never be replaced. These museums give the public a c 1 to enjoy their treasures. In the past, people could hardly talk when visiting m 2 . Today, rules aren't as strict, b 3 following some basic rules is still necessary. Respect the space * Keep the museum space c 4 and throw away all rubbish. * Avoid standing against walls and watch where you walk. * No food is allowed. Finish e 5 all the food before entering the museum. Respect the art线 * No touching the art. Hands, f 6 or any body part should never come into contact with the artwork.(Someone thinks a small touch won't hurt the artwork, but imagine how those “touches” would add up with h 7 or thousands of visitors every day.) * No flash photos. Bright lights can be h 8 to the art. Respect other visitors * Complete silence isn't necessary, but talk in a low v 9 . * Stand in line while buying tickets or waiting. Follow the rules a 10 . They can make everyone's museum experience safe and enjoyable. 易混易错（测试时间：10分钟） 1.It can help you feel more connected to the _________(nature) world. 2.—What's your _________(react) to the news?—I was so surprised. 3.Listen to the guides and follow the ______(safe) rules. 4They might lose their way or meet __________(danger) animals. 5.China is one of many countries with disaster _________(warn) systems. 6.The old man was badly ill, and he needs an _________(operate) right now. 7.For your own _______(safe), please don't smoke inside the plane. 8.Last night my mother told me the important news _________(serious). 9.Your ____________________(behave) are important and they can show your manners. 10.They may help people fix their _______(break) bicycles or washing machines. 11.We must learn how to save ourselves when a _______(nature) disaster happens. 12._________(smoke) and littering aren't allowed, either. 13.He's a two-year-old dog, and he got ______(lose) three days ago as we walked in the park. 14.Mary felt ________(scare) when she saw the black snake. 15.What a __________(shock) story it is! We don't believe it at all. 16.The article is about some __________(history) facts of the war. 17.Last week, a great storm _______(break) out. 18.After hearing about the news, my sister got more and more ________(worry). 19.Look! It is raining ________(heavy). We can't go out with friends. 20.The cinema has the biggest screen, but it has the worst _______(serve). 21.With the ___________(develop) of science and technology, our scientists have made them come true. 22.Tina can clean up her bedroom by _______(her). She doesn't need her parents' help. 23.But after a while, you may feel ______________(comfortable), sleepy or unable to focus on anything. 24.My mother told me some ____________(encourage) words. She wanted me not to give up. 链接中考（测试时间：15分钟） （2025·天津河北·二模）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Earlier last year, something amazing happened in Colombia. Four children stayed alive for 40 days in the rainforest after their plane had an a 1 . The children were flying to San Jose del Guaviare with their mum. Sadly, their small plane fell in the rainforest. All three adults (成年人) on the plane died, i 2 the children’s mother. This left the four children alone in the rainforest. The oldest child was a 13-year-old girl. Next came a 9-year-old, a 4-year-old, and an 11-month-old baby. At first, the children depended on the food from the plane. After they ran out of the food, they looked for some plants and fruit to eat. They also built a shelter (遮蔽物) to protect themselves against d 3 animals and rainstorms. As soon as the plane went down, people started searching to see if a 4 still stayed alive. After two weeks, the plane was found. People noticed some s 5 which showed the children may still be alive. Search teams flew in small planes and d 6 boxes of food onto the ground, hoping the children would find them. Over 150 soldiers were sent out with dogs to search for the children. They left whistles (哨子) around, hoping the children would find the whistles and use them to make loud n 7 . Around 70 volunteers also helped. After 40 days, the soldiers f 8 found the children, about 5 kilometres away from where the plane was. The children were too weak to move their bodies or c 9 with others. However, they were alive. The soldiers couldn’t be happier. They took the children to the h 10 quickly. With the doctors and nurses’ care, they got better soon. And they were in excellent condition after that. The children’s story surprised many people. How lucky and brave they were! 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $