Unit 5 Understanding ideas 课文阅读创新设计2025-2026学年外研版英语八年级上册

Unit 5 Play by the rules? Understanding ideas 课文阅读任务设计 一、阅读下列文章，完成阅读任务。 Rules ①After a busy day at work, I got on the train to go home. I went to a quiet area in order to read. I sat down and took out my book. ②Suddenly, a girl opposite me started playing loud music on her phone. What a shock! I almost jumped up in surprise. ③A minute later, the man next to me took out several packets of food. It was like he was on a picnic. People have to eat, of course, but the food was so smelly! It was like sitting next to a mountain of blue cheese. ④I covered my ears in order to block the noise coming from Rock Girl. I covered my nose so as to reduce the smell coming from Mr. Smelly Food. ⑤Then a boy behind me started to kick my seat. My anger grew. My face turned as red as a tomato! I asked him to stop. However, his mother replied, “Come on, he's just a kid." ⑥I turned around so as to see the other passengers' faces. They also seemed unhappy, but no one did anything. Will they think me a fool if I do something? I looked at the signs on the wall. They read “Please be quiet", “No smelly food" and “Please look after your children". Everyone knows the rules, I thought. They aren't just on the wall but also in our minds and hearts. And rules are there for us to follow! ⑦Suddenly, I felt brave. I took a deep breath and stood up and cleared my throat ... I. 选择题 ( ) 1. Why did the writer go to a quiet area on the train? A. To have a rest after work B. To read a book C. To avoid meeting other passengers D. To wait for someone ( ) 2. What did the girl opposite the writer do? A. She ate smelly food B. She kicked the writer's seat C. She played loud music on her phone D. She put up signs on the wall ( ) 3. How did the writer feel when the boy kicked his seat? A. Surprised B. Angry C. Sad D. Scared ( ) 4. Which of the following best describes the structure of the passage? A.①/②③④⑤/⑥⑦ B. ①②/③④⑤⑥/⑦ C. ①/②③④⑤⑥/⑦ D. ①②/③④⑤/⑥⑦ ( ) 5. What can we learn from the passage? A. The writer had a pleasant trip home B. The other passengers stopped the bad behaviors C. The writer thought rules should be followed D. The boy's mother apologized to the writer II. 回答问题 6. When did the writer get on the train to go home? ________________________________________________________________ 7. What did the man next to the writer take out? ________________________________________________________________ 8. Why did the writer cover his ears and nose? ________________________________________________________________ 9. What did the boy's mother say when the writer asked the boy to stop? ________________________________________________________________ 10. What do you think the writer will do next? Please give your reason. ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 二、同话题拓展阅读 A阅读下列短文，完成回答问题任务。 Rules or laws are good ways to control some bad behavior(行为). It is common that someone plays music on his or her mobile phone loudly when you are taking public transportation(交通). Sometimes the peaceful environment will be broken when others make noises with their mobile phones. It brings terrible experiences and feelings. So a rule has been made to stop such impolite actions. When you are in public places, it is easy to be influenced by others who play or talk on their mobile phones loudly. The sound of someone’s mobile phone can break up the quietness in the library where almost everyone is busy studying or reading books. While sitting in a restaurant, the person who is watching videos loudly may influence your mood of having dinner. With mobile phones widely used, the daily environment has also been changed. With the rules made, the public environment will be improved. Some people who break the rules will be punished(惩罚). Firstly, workers in public places will advise them not to do those things. If they do not make a change or stop their bad behaviors, the police will come and take them away. Public places are an environment where everyone can enjoy relaxing feelings. In my opinion, keeping quiet in public is a necessary rule for everybody. No matter where you are, try to consider others’ needs instead of only yours. 1. What is the good way to control some bad behavior according to the passage? ________________________________________________________________ 2. What common bad behavior happens when people take public transportation? ________________________________________________________________ 3. Where will the quietness be broken by the sound of mobile phones according to the passage? ________________________________________________________________ 4. What will happen first if someone breaks the rule of making loud noises with mobile phones in public? ________________________________________________________________ 5. Do you think it is necessary to make rules for people’s behavior in public? Why or why not? ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ B阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 New rules and behavior standards for middle school students came out. The middle school is going to use a new way to decide who will be the top students. The best students won’t only have good grades. They will also be kids who don’t dye their hair, smoke or drink. The following are some of the new 1. (rule). Tell the truth. Have you ever copied someone else’s work in 2. exam? Don’t do it again! That’s not something an honest student should do. If you have played computer games for two hours in your room, don’t tell your parents you 3. (do) your homework then. Learn 4. (work) together with others. It would be more fun when more people work together. Have you fought with your classmates when your basketball team lost? Only working together can make your team stronger. Be friendly 5. the people you are with. Try to think of others, not only yourself. Be open to new ideas. Have you ever thought that people could live on the moon? Don’t look down on new ideas. Everyone’s new ideas are important. You should welcome them, because new ideas may make life 6. (good) and easier for everyone. Protect yourself. Has anyone ever taken money from one of your classmates? Don’t let it 7. (happen) to you. If you have to go home late, you should take care of 8. (you) and let your parents know. Use the Internet 9. (careful). The Internet can be very useful for your studies, but something on the Internet isn’t good for kids. Make sure that you visit Web pages that are good for you. You can use the Internet for fun 10. homework. 答案与解析 一、【主旨大意】作者下班乘火车回家，为了看书来到安静区域，却接连遇到对面女孩外放 loud 音乐、邻座男士吃异味食物、身后男孩踢座椅等不文明行为。其他乘客虽同样不满却无人制止，作者看到车厢墙上的文明标语，认为规则不仅贴在墙上，更应记在心中并遵守，最终鼓起勇气准备采取行动。 1. B 细节理解题。文章第一段明确提到“I went to a quiet area in order to read.”，说明作者去安静区域是为了看书。故选B。 2. C 细节理解题。根据第二段“Suddenly, a girl opposite me started playing loud music on her phone.”可知，对面的女孩在手机上播放 loud 音乐。故选C。 3. B 细节理解题。第五段提到“Then a boy behind me started to kick my seat. My anger grew. My face turned as red as a tomato!”，由此可知男孩踢座椅时，作者感到很生气。故选B。 4. A 篇章结构题。明确文章各段落核心内容：①段为引言（Introduction），介绍作者下班乘火车回家，前往安静区域看书的背景；②段（女孩外放音乐）、③段（男士吃异味食物）、④段（作者应对音味干扰）、⑤段（男孩踢座椅及与男孩母亲的互动）为问题呈现（Problems），依次叙述车厢内遇到的系列不文明行为；⑥段为想法阐述（Thoughts），写作者观察其他乘客反应、看到车厢规则标语后，产生“规则应被遵守”的思考；⑦段为决策（Decision），描述作者鼓起勇气准备采取行动。由此可确定段落分层为“①/②③④⑤/⑥⑦”。故选A。 5. C 推理判断题。A选项“作者回家之旅很愉快”与原文描述的不文明场景不符；B选项“其他乘客制止了不文明行为”错误，原文说“They also seemed unhappy, but no one did anything.”；D选项“男孩的妈妈向作者道歉”错误，妈妈仅说“he's just a kid”，未道歉；根据第六段“Everyone knows the rules, I thought. They aren't just on the wall but also in our minds and hearts. And rules are there for us to follow!”可知，作者认为规则应该被遵守。故选C。 6. After a busy day at work. 文章开头第一句“After a busy day at work, I got on the train to go home.”明确给出了作者上火车的时间。 7. Several packets of food. 第三段提到“the man next to me took out several packets of food”，直接说明了邻座男士拿出的东西。 8. He covered his ears to block the noise from the girl (Rock Girl) and covered his nose to reduce the smell from the man (Mr. Smelly Food). 第四段“I covered my ears in order to block the noise coming from Rock Girl. I covered my nose so as to reduce the smell coming from Mr. Smelly Food.”解释了作者捂耳朵和鼻子的原因。 9. Come on, he's just a kid. 第五段提到I asked him to stop. However, his mother replied, “Come on, he's just a kid.”，直接引用了男孩妈妈的话。 10. I think the writer will remind the people who broke the rules to follow the signs on the wall. Because he thought people should follow rules and he had felt brave to do something. 该题是开放性问题，无固定答案。学生需结合前文作者的想法（认为规则应被遵守）和行为（鼓起勇气站起来），合理推测后续行动并说明理由，言之有理即可。例如，也可推测作者会向列车员求助，理由是单独提醒可能无法让对方听从，列车员能更好地维护车厢秩序。 二、A【主旨大意】本文围绕公共场合手机噪音问题展开，指出规则或法律是管控不良行为的有效方式。文章列举了公共交通、图书馆、餐厅等场景中，手机大声播放音乐、视频等行为对环境和他人的不良影响，说明制定相关规则的必要性；同时介绍了违规后的处罚流程，并强调公共场合保持安静、考虑他人需求是每个人应遵守的准则。 1. Rules or laws. 细节理解题。文章开篇第一句“Rules or laws are good ways to control some bad behavior.”直接给出答案，明确规则或法律是管控不良行为的好方法。 2. Someone plays music on his or her mobile phone loudly. 细节理解题。根据第一段“It is common that someone plays music on his or her mobile phone loudly when you are taking public transportation.”可知，人们乘坐公共交通时常见的不良行为是用手机大声播放音乐。 3. In the library and restaurant. 细节理解题。第二段提到“The sound of someone’s mobile phone can break up the quietness in the library...”和“While sitting in a restaurant, the person who is watching videos loudly may influence your mood...”，说明图书馆和餐厅的安静环境会被手机声音打破。 4. Workers in public places will advise them not to do those things. 细节理解题。第三段明确说明处罚流程：“Firstly, workers in public places will advise them not to do those things. If they do not make a change... the police will come and take them away.”，由此可知违规后首先会被公共场所工作人员劝阻。 5. 示例：I think it is necessary. Because public places are for everyone to enjoy a relaxing environment. Rules can stop bad behaviors that influence others, such as making loud noises with mobile phones. They help keep public order and make people get along well with each other. （开放性试题，无固定答案。若同意，可从维护公共秩序、保障他人权益、营造舒适环境等角度说明；若不同意，可从信任他人自觉、规则可能限制自由等角度阐述，言之有理即可。） B【主旨大意】本文主要介绍了针对中学生的新行为规范，明确了评选优等生的新标准，不仅要求成绩优异，还强调了诚实、合作、接纳新想法、自我保护和合理使用网络等多方面的行为准则。 1.rules解析：根据其前的 some of（…… 中的一些）可知，后面接可数名词时要用复数形式，rule的复数是 rules。 2.an解析：exam是可数名词单数，且发音以元音音素开头，此处表示“在一场考试中”，是泛指，所以用不定冠词 an。 3.were doing解析：句中的 then 指代前面提到的“玩电脑游戏的那两个小时”，表示过去某个时间段正在进行的动作，要用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were + 现在分词”。 4.to work解析：learn to do sth.，意思是“学习做某事”，所以填 to work。 5.to解析：本题考查固定搭配 be friendly to sb.，意思是“对某人友好”，是固定介词搭配，所以填 to。 6.better解析：句中的and 连接两个并列的形容词比较级，后面的easier是 easy的比较级，所以前面的good 也要用比较级 better。 7.happen解析：let sb./sth. do sth.，let后面接不带to的动词原形作宾语补足语，所以填 happen。 8.yourself解析：句子主语是you，此处表示“照顾你自己”，要用反身代词，you 的反身代词是yourself。 9.carefully解析：此处用来修饰动词 use，修饰动词要用副词，careful的副词形式是carefully。 10.or解析：此处表示“你可以用互联网来娱乐或者做作业”，用于肯定句中表示选择关系，所以用连词or。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $