专题02 选择性必修第二册Unit4～6 重点单词短语句型&写作通用表达（期末复习知识清单）高二英语上学期北师大版

该高中英语知识清单系统梳理选择性必修第二册Unit4-6内容，涵盖词汇词类转换、高频短语、核心句型及文体写作，搭建从基础积累到综合应用的递进式学习支架。 清单通过※标注重难点词汇、易混词辨析表及句型模板设计知识体系，如对比economic与economical用法，提供幽默小故事写作框架，培养语言能力与思维品质。题型练习与范文结合，助力学生自主巩固，教师可据此优化教学，提升课堂效率。

专题02 选择性必修第二册Unit 4-6词汇短语句型梳理 1. __________ adj. 幽默的，诙谐的 → _______ n. 幽默（感）※ 2. __________ n. 焦虑，不安，担心 → _______ adj. 焦虑的，不安的 → _______ adv. 焦急地；忧虑地※ 3. __________ adj. 重要的，重大的 → _______ n. 重要性，意义 → _______ adv. 有重大意义地；显著地 4. __________ adj. 难堪的，尴尬的 → _______ vt. 使窘迫，使尴尬 → _______ adj. 令人害羞的（或难堪的、惭愧的）→ _______ n. 窘迫，尴尬※ 5. __________ adj. 困惑的 → _______ vt. 使糊涂；使迷惑 → _______ adj. 难以理解的；不清楚的 → _______ n. 困惑；混淆 6. __________ adj. 忠诚的 → _______ adv. 忠诚地，忠实地 → _______ n. 信任；信心※ 7. __________ n. 紧张；焦虑；焦急 → _______ adj. 神经紧张的，令人紧张的 8. __________ adv. 偶然地，意外地 → _______ adj. 意外的，偶然的 → _______ n.（交通）事故；意外 9. __________ vt. 使开心，逗笑 → _______ adj. 逗乐的；觉得好笑的 → _______ n. 愉悦；娱乐活动 10. __________ vt. 生产；制造；制作 → _______ n. 制作人，制片人 → _______ n. 产品；产物 → _______ n. 生产；产量 11. __________ vt. 使确信，使信服 → _______ adj. 令人信服的；有说服力的※ 12. __________ adj. 不幸的，倒霉的 → _______ adj. 幸运的 → _______ adv. 幸运地 → _______ n. 机会；运气；大笔的钱 13. __________ vt. 提拔，晋升 → _______ n. 提升；促进，增进※ 14. __________ vt. 教育；教导 → _______ n. 教育工作者 → _______ n. 教育；培养 → _______ adj. 教育的；有教育意义的 → _______ adj. 受过教育的；有教养的 15. __________ adj. 难以忍受的；承受不住的 → _______ adv. 难以忍受地 → _______ adj. 可忍受的；能应付的 → _______ vt. 承受；忍受 16. __________ vt. 使激动，使兴奋 → _______ adj. 激动的，兴奋的；使人兴奋的 → _______ adj. 令人激动的，使人兴奋的 17. __________ vt. 使失望 → _______ adj. 失望的，沮丧的 → _______ adj. 令人失望的，令人沮丧的 → _______ n. 失望，沮丧※ 18. __________ vt. 围绕；环绕；（使）包围 → _______ adj. 四周的，附近的 → _______ n. 周围的事物；环境 19. __________ vt. & vi. 判断，裁判 → _______ n. 判断力，意见，评价；判决 20. __________ vt. & vi. 断定，推断出；得出结论 → _______ n. 结论 21. __________ vt. 给…… 下定义；阐明；解释…… 的含义 → _______ n. 定义，释义 22. __________ adj. 有责任的；负责的 → _______ n. 责任※ 23. __________ vt. 强烈要求；敦促 → _______ adj. 紧急的，迫切的；急切的 24. __________ vt. 假定，假设；认为 → _______ n. 假定，假设 25. __________ adj. 有利的，有帮助的 → _______ n. 好处，益处 vt. & vi. 得益于；受益 26. __________ adj. 经济（上）的；经济学的 → _______ adj. 节约的；经济的 → _______ n. 经济；节约 27. __________ vt. 报道；覆盖 → _______ n. 新闻报道；覆盖范围 28. __________ vt. 期待，预料 → _______ adj. 预料的，预期的；指望 → _______ adj. 出乎意料的；始料不及的 → _______ adv. 意外地，出乎意料地 29. __________ vi. & vt.（使）适应；改编 → _______ adj. 有适应能力的；能适应的 → _______ n. 适应；改编（本）※ 30. __________ vt. & vi. 为…… 做广告 → _______ n. 广告 → _______ n. 广告商 31. __________ vi. 交流，沟通；相互作用 → _______ n. 相互影响 / 作用 / 互动 / 交流 → _______ adj. 互动的，交互的；合作的 32. __________ adj. 根本的；基本的；基础的 → _______ adv. 根本上；完全地 33. __________ adj. 技术的；科技的；工艺的 → _______ n. 科技，工艺 34. __________ vt. 位于 → _______ n. 地点；位置 35. __________ vt. & vi. 吸引 → _______ n. 吸引力；诱惑 → _______ adj. 有吸引力的；吸引人的※ 36. __________ vi. 竞争；比赛 → _______ adj. 竞争性强的，有竞争力的 → _______ n. 竞争对手；参赛者 → _______ n. 竞争；比赛※ 37. __________ vi. & vt.（使）结合，（使）组合 → _______ n. 结合（体）；联合（体）；混合物 38. __________ vt. 预期，预料 → _______ n. 预期，预料 39. __________ n. 利润，收益，盈利 → _______ adj. 有利润的；赢利的；有益的 40. __________ vi. 参加，参与 → _______ n. 参加者，参与者※ ( 清单 02 识词知意 ( 厚积薄发，熟能生巧 ) ) 1. ________ vi. & vt. 假装，装作 2. ________ vi. 交流；交往；相互作用 3. ________ n. 舒适；健康；幸福 4. ________ vt. 增强；改进；提高 5. ________ n. 挥动，挥舞；秋千 vi. & vt.（使）摆动；（使）转动；朝…… 打去；荡秋千 6. ________ vi. 突然倒下 7. ________ n. 胃口，食欲 8. ________ n. 大气 (层)；气氛，氛围，环境 9. ________ vt. 预测，预报 10. ________ vt. 应得，应受到 11. ________ n. 名誉，名望 12. ________ vt. 遇到 13. ________ adj. 当代的 14. ________ n. 正相反，恰恰相反 15. ________ vt. 促进；使便利 16. ________ adj. 引起麻烦的；令人烦恼的 17. ________ adj. 宝贵的 18. ________ n. 词汇量 19. ________ adj. 抽象的 20. ________ n. 概念；想法 21. ________ n. 突破；重大进展 22. ________ vt. 追求 23. ________ n. 洞察力；顿悟 24. ________ n. 境况，状况；情况，情形 25. ________ vt. 刺激，促使，促进 26. ________ adj. 原始的 27. ________ vt. 放弃；抛弃 28. ________ vt. 意味着…… 29. ________ n. 惯例，常规；例行公事 30. ________ adj. 全神贯注的 31. ________ (program) n. 广播节目；电视节目 vi. & vt. 广播；播送 32. ________ n. （政治或社会性）运动 vt. 发起运动；参加活动 33. ________ n. & vi. & vt. 讨论，辩论 34. ________ adj. 可获得的，可用的；有空的 35. ________ vt. 承认 36. ________ adj. 难懂的；复杂的 37. ________ adj. 可替代的；另外的 n. 可供选择的事物 38. ________ adj. 悲观的 39. ________ adj. 恰当的；合适的 40. ________ vt. 设想，想象 41. ________ adj. 清楚的，明确的 42. ________ vt. 产生，创造 43. ________ n. 证明 44. ________ n. 大型公司；企业集团 45. ________ vt. 亲身经历；目击 n. 目击者；证人 46. ________ n. 预算 vi. & vt. 把…… 编入预算 47. ________ n. 幸福，健康，福利 48. ________ n. 社区，住宅小区，街坊 49. ________ vt. 赞助，资助；为…… 担保 n. 赞助商；资助者 50. ________ vt. 困住，使陷入危险中 51. ________ vt. 使转化，使改观 52. ________ n. 缺点，缺陷；责任，过错 53. ________ adj. 极好的；壮丽的 ( 清单清清单 0301 高频短语 ( 积 少成多，活学活用 ) 词词类转换 ( 变出精彩，举一反三 ) ) 学科网北京股份有限公1 / 7 学科网北京股份有限公司 学科网北京股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 忘记（错误 / 失败 / 恶名等）_______________ 2. 惊讶地又看了一眼_________________ 3. 根据…… 推断_________________ 4. 从…… 中受益_________________ 5. 跟某人开玩笑_________________ 6. 以…… 闻名_________________ 7. 一系列_________________ 8. 依赖；信赖_________________ 9. 试图做某事_________________ 10. 恰恰相反，正相反_________________ 11. 丝毫不像；绝对不_________________ 12. 相信；信任_________________ 13. 除…… 之外_________________ 14. 尤其；特别_________________ 15. 更别提，更不用说_________________ 16. 使适合；使适应_________________ 17. 与…… 一致 / 吻合_________________ 18. 传递，传给_________________ 19. 与…… 联系_________________ 20. 试一试_________________ 21. 理解；和…… 有联系_________________ 22. 举起_________________ 23. 使顿悟，使猛醒_________________ 24. 超出；超越_________________ 25. 不管，不顾，不理会_________________ 26. 最后，总之_________________ 27. 违背，违反_________________ 28. 赞成，同意_________________ 29. 经历，经受；走 (流程或固定程序)___________ 30. 在多数情况下_________________ 31. 赶上；补上；了解 (最近的事件)______________ 32. 另一方面_________________ 33. 想出；理解；弄清_________________ 34. 马上想到_________________ 35. 遗漏；省略，忽略_________________ 36. 倒塌；跌倒；失败_________________ 37. 参与到 / 涉及 / 卷入，牵涉_______________ 38. 切断；停止运转；关掉_________________ 39. 由…… 构成_________________ 40. 突出，显眼_________________ ( 清单 04 高频句型 ( 精彩句型，句句精彩 ) ) 1.such + a/an + adj. + n. + that... It was_________________________ it reshaped her understanding of primitive culture. 这是一个如此深刻的顿悟，以至于重塑了她对原始文化的理解。 2.be doing... when... The researcher__________________________________________________in her study. 这位研究者正在分析数据，这时她在自己的研究中取得了重大突破。 3.will be doing（将来进行时） This time next month, I _________________________ urban neighbourhood welfare. 下个月这个时候，我将正在开展关于城市社区福利的调查。 4.be likely to do sth. If we are in a pessimistic mood, we __________________________________________________ daily routines. 如果我们处于悲观的情绪中，很可能会对日常事务表现出负面态度。 5. It is/was + 被强调部分 + that...（强调句型） __________________________________________________he decided to pursue a career in art. 直到遭遇了无数困难，他才决定追求艺术相关的职业。 6.when it comes to... _________________________, many people find it hard to understand the artist's intention. 当谈到抽象艺术时，很多人觉得难以理解艺术家的意图。 7.It was the first time (that)... _________________________ in contemporary literature. 那是她第一次理解当代文学中这样一个复杂的概念。 8.without + n./pron.（含蓄虚拟语气） Without the stimulation of creative thinking, __________________________________________________ 没有创意思维的激发，你就不会有灵感，也不会想去探索新的想法。 9.not all...（部分否定） However, not all _________________________. 然而，并非所有的企业广告都是为了盈利而设计的。 10.独立主格结构 _________________________, though, it must be one of the most precious cultural relics ever discovered. 尽管如此，从各个方面考虑，它必定是迄今发现的最珍贵的文物之一。 ( 清单 05 核心文体写作 ( 通用表达，范文背诵 ) ) 第四单元 幽默小故事 1.框架 开头：时间+人物+日常计划，埋幽默伏笔 主体：常规行为→意外转折→夸张反应 结尾：轻松总结趣味，不刻意升华 2.模板 开头：It was an ordinary [时间], and [人物] planned to [做某事]. Little did he know a funny accident was coming. 主体：He [做步骤1], but suddenly [搞笑转折]. We laughed when we saw [人物反应]. 结尾：This small incident became our favorite story—it reminds us life has unexpected joys. 3.范文背诵 It was a sunny Saturday, and my little brother Tom was determined to bake cookies for Mom’s birthday. Little did he know that a silly mistake would make the day even more memorable. He followed the recipe carefully at first, mixing flour, sugar and butter in a bowl. But when he was supposed to add eggs, he accidentally grabbed a bottle of soy sauce instead. He poured a big spoonful into the mixture, not noticing the dark color until he stirred it. When Mom walked into the kitchen and saw the “black cookie dough”, she couldn’t help laughing. Tom’s face turned red, but he joined in the laughter too. We decided to bake the “special cookies” anyway, and even though they tasted strange, they were the most unforgettable cookies we’d ever had. This funny moment didn’t ruin Mom’s birthday—instead, it made it full of warmth and laughter. Tom learned to check ingredients twice before cooking, and we all learned that small mistakes can make life more interesting. 第五单元 看图作文（Education） 1.框架 开头：描述图片对比，点出教育现象 主体：分析两种教育观念+实例论证 结尾：总结观点+提平衡教育的建议 2.模板 开头：The picture shows [场景1] vs [场景2]—it reflects the conflict between academic pressure and happy growth. 主体：Some believe [观点1] (reason: 成绩=未来), but I think [观点2] (reason: 身心全面发展). 结尾：We should [建议，如平衡学习与兴趣]. Only then can kids grow better. 3.范文背诵 The picture vividly presents a sharp contrast: a girl is sitting at a desk, staring at endless exercise books with tears in her eyes, while another girl is drawing pictures in the park, smiling brightly. This scene exposes a widespread problem in today’s education—too much academic pressure is taking away children’s happiness. Some parents argue that strict study requirements are necessary for kids to succeed in the future. They believe that only by getting high scores in exams can children enter good universities and find good jobs. As a result, many kids have to give up their hobbies and playtime to finish homework and attend extra classes. However, this kind of education may hurt kids’ creativity and love for learning. In my view, education should not only focus on grades but also on developing kids’ interests and personalities. Parents and teachers should work together to create a balanced learning environment for children. For instance, we can set a reasonable time for study and play every day, and encourage kids to try different activities like painting, sports or music. Only in this way can children grow up healthily and happily, and truly benefit from education. 第六单元 影视评论（The Media） 1.框架 开头：影片名+类型+整体评价 主体：2-3维度（剧情/角色）+具体细节+小不足 结尾：总结价值+推荐人群 2.模板 开头：[影片名], a [类型] film, is impressive—it tells a story about [主题]. 主体：First, the plot [优点，如用闪回]. The actors show [角色特质]. A small flaw: [结尾仓促]. 结尾：This film teaches [主题，如坚持梦想]. I recommend it to [人群]. 3.范文背诵 《The Pursuit of Happiness》, a biographical drama film directed by Gabriele Muccino, is one of the most inspiring movies I have ever seen. It tells the true story of Chris Gardner, a father who struggles with poverty but never gives up his dream of a better life for his son. This film touches people’s hearts with its sincere emotion and realistic plot. Firstly, the plot is extremely moving and authentic. The film doesn’t avoid the harsh reality of life—we see Chris being homeless, working hard to sell medical equipment, and even sleeping in a public toilet with his little son. These scenes make us realize how difficult life can be, but Chris’s perseverance is truly admirable. What’s more, Will Smith’s performance as Chris is outstanding. He perfectly shows the father’s love, pain and hope, making the character so real that viewers can’t help but empathize with him. The only small downside is that some parts of the film move a bit slowly, but it doesn’t affect the overall quality. In conclusion, 《The Pursuit of Happiness》 is far more than just a movie—it’s a lesson about life. It teaches us that as long as we hold on to our dreams and work hard, happiness will eventually come to us. I strongly recommend this film to everyone, especially those who are facing difficulties in life. It will give you the courage to keep going forward. ( 题型 01 2 单词拼写 ( 夯实双基，厚积薄发 ) ) 根据汉语提示写出单词的正确形式 1. It is not polite to _________(假装) that you know nothing about the matter. 2. We need to_________(交流) with different people to broaden our horizons. 3. Warm sunlight and soft music create a sense of _________(舒适) in the small café. 4. Regular reading can _________(提高) your ability to understand complex articles. 5. The little girl likes to _________ (荡秋千) on the playground after school every day. 6. A balanced diet and enough sleep can improve your _________(胃口) effectively. 7. The friendly_________(氛围) in the classroom makes students more willing to speak. 8. The weather station _________(预测) that it will rain heavily tomorrow morning. 9. People who work hard and help others_________(应得) our respect and praise. 10. The famous writer has built a good_________(名誉) for his excellent novels. 11. You may _________(遇到) some difficulties, but don’t give up easily. 12. This artist is famous for his works that reflect _________(当代的) social problems. 13. _________(正相反), this plan will not save money but cost us more. 14. The government has taken measures to_________(促进) the development of rural education. 15. Time is_________(宝贵的), so we should make full use of every minute. 16. Expanding your _________(词汇量) is the key to improving your English reading speed. 17. Poetry often expresses_________(抽象的) feelings through concrete images. 18. The _________(概念) of environmental protection has been deeply rooted in people’s minds. 19. Scientists have made a great _________(突破) in the treatment of this disease. 20. Many young people choose to_________(追求) their dreams instead of taking stable jobs. 21. This experience gave me a new _________(顿悟) into the meaning of life. 22. Under such difficult_________(情况), she still managed to finish the task on time. 23. Interesting activities can _________(激发) students’ interest in learning English. 24. No matter how hard it is, we should not _________(放弃) our original goals. 25. His silence seems to_________(意味着) that he doesn’t agree with our decision. 26. The boy was so _________(全神贯注的) in the book that he didn’t hear the bell ring. 27. The organization will _________(发起运动) to raise money for homeless children. 28. Students had a heated _________(辩论) on whether technology makes people closer. 29. These books are _________(可获得的) in the school library for all students. 30. It is important to choose an_________(合适的) way to communicate with different people. ( 题型 02 2 单句语法填空 ( 一词多变，活学活用 ) ) 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. (2020 新课标 Ⅰ 卷改编) The_________(compete) is so fierce that only the best players can enter the final. 2. (2021 全国乙卷改编) She waited_________(anxiety) for her exam results, her hands shaking slightly. 3. (2022 新课标 Ⅱ 卷改编) The _________(significant) of this discovery can’t be overstated in the field of medicine. 4. (2023 新课标 Ⅰ 卷改编) To her_________(embarrass), she tripped over the wire and fell down in front of the whole class. 5. (2024 新课标 Ⅱ 卷改编) His_________(confuse) was obvious when he faced two completely different opinions. 6. (2022 浙江卷改编) The mistake was made_________(accidental), so there’s no need to blame anyone for it. 7. (2025 新课标 Ⅰ 卷改编) The children looked _________(amuse) at the clown’s funny performance on the stage. 8. (2021 新课标 Ⅰ 卷改编) The speaker gave a clear and _________(convince) speech that won loud applause from the audience. 9. (2023 全国甲卷改编)_________(fortunate), he was saved by a passing boat when he fell into the river. 10. (2020 新课标 Ⅲ 卷改编) The _________(promote) of local tourism has helped improve the living standards of the villagers. 11. (2024 全国乙卷改编) This book provides_________(education) advice for parents on how to communicate with teenagers. 12. (2025 新课标 Ⅱ 卷改编) Many fans felt _________(disappoint) when they heard their favorite band had canceled the concert. 13. (2022 新课标 Ⅰ 卷改编) The_________(surround) here are peaceful and quiet, perfect for people who want to relax. 14. (2023 浙江 1 月卷改编) In my_________(judge), it’s better to postpone the meeting until next week. 15. (2021 浙江卷改编) After a thorough discussion, they finally reached a _________(conclude) on the project plan. 16. (2024 九省联考卷改编) It’s our _________(responsible) to protect the environment for future generations. 17. (2020 全国 Ⅱ 卷改编) We can’t make a decision based on the _________(assume) that he will agree to our plan. 18. (2022 全国乙卷改编) Eating fresh vegetables and fruits is_________(benefit) to our health. 19. (2023 新课标 Ⅱ 卷改编) His_________(adapt) of the traditional story was welcomed by both young and old audiences. 20. (2025 九省联考卷改编) The _________(advertise) on TV has attracted a lot of customers to the new restaurant. ( 题型 03 2 完成句子 ( 精彩句型，活学即用 ) ) 1.我们可以从各种有益的阅读材料中受益。 We can ___________________________ various beneficial reading materials. 他试图在三天内完成这个复杂的科学项目。 2.He ______________________________________________________within three days. 很多人认为艺术很难理解，恰恰相反，它就在我们的日常生活中。 3.Many people think art is hard to understand. ___________________________, it exists in our daily life. 新生需要花一些时间来适应新的校园环境。 4.New students need some time to___________________________ 尽管面临重重困难，这位科学家仍然坚持自己的研究。 5.___________________________, the scientist still sticks to his research. 最后，我想说，合作是解决这个问题的最佳方式。 6.In conclusion, I want to say that ___________________________. 我们需要仔细思考，才能弄清楚这个抽象概念的真正含义。 7.We need to think carefully___________________________ of this abstract concept. 经过多次讨论，团队终于想出了一个创新的解决方案。 8.After many discussions, the team finally___________________________. 除了这些核心课程之外，我们还可以选择一些有趣的选修课。 9.___________________________, we can also choose some interesting optional courses. 这位作家的作品很多，我尤其喜欢他那部反映当代生活的小说。 10.The writer has many works, and I like his novel___________________________. 他连基本的英语单词都不认识，更不用说阅读英文原著了。 11.He can’t even recognize basic English words,___________________________. 这位老人在他的一生中经历了无数的挑战和机遇。 12.The old man___________________________ and opportunities in his life. 一方面，科技发展给我们带来了便利；另一方面，它也带来了一些问题。 13.____________________, technological development brings us convenience;___________________, it also causes some problems. 所有学生都被鼓励参与到这个关于环境保护的校园活动中。 14.All students are encouraged___________________________about environmental protection. 除了专业知识之外，我们还应该培养自己的沟通能力。 15. Apart from professional knowledge, we should also___________________________. 1、 词类辨析 易混词 词性与含义 辨析要点 易错例句与纠正 especially/specially均为副词 前者 “尤其，特别”，后者 “专门地，特意地” especially 侧重补充说明，无明确目的性；specially 强调为特定目的而做 错误：I made a cake especially for your birthday. 正确：I made a cake specially for your birthday economic/economical均为形容词 前者 “经济（上）的，经济学的”，后者 “节约的，经济的” economic 侧重与 “经济领域” 相关；economical 侧重 “节省、不浪费” 错误：We need an economic use of resources. 正确：We need an economical use of resources. embarrassed/embarrassing 均为形容词 前者 “感到尴尬的”，后者 “令人尴尬的” -ed 形式修饰人（主观感受）；-ing 形式修饰事物 / 事件（客观属性） 错误：It was an embarrassed moment for me. 正确：It was an embarrassing moment for me. adapt/adopt 均为动词 前者 “（使）适应，改编”，后者 “采纳，收养” adapt 常搭配 to（适应）；adopt 为及物动词，无固定搭配表 “采纳” 错误：We should adopt to the new school rules. 正确：We should adapt to the new school rules. affect/effect均为动词 affect（v. 影响）；effect（n. 影响，效果） affect 是动词，直接接宾语；effect 是名词，常用搭配 have an effect on 错误：The bad weather will effect our travel plan. 正确：The bad weather will affect our travel plan. assume/suppose均为动词 前者 “假定，假设（无证据）”，后者 “推测，认为（有依据）” assume 侧重 “主观臆断”；suppose 侧重 “基于线索的推测” 错误：I suppose he is guilty without any proof. 正确：I assume he is guilty without any proof. beneficial/benefit beneficial（adj. 有益的）benefit（n./v. 益处；受益） beneficial 后接 to；benefit 作动词后接 from（从…… 受益） 错误：Reading is benefit to our vocabulary building. 正确：Reading is beneficial to our vocabulary building. 2、 语法结构易错点 易错语法点 核心规则 辨析要点 易错例句与纠正 非限制性定语从句（which/as） which 引导的非限制定语从句只能置于先行词后；as 可置于句首 / 句中 / 句末，表 “正如” which 只指代前文内容；as 可指代整个主句，常搭配 as we know/as is known to all 错误：As is a useful tool, the computer helps us a lot. 正确：Which is a useful tool, the computer helps us a lot.（改为：The computer, which is a useful tool, helps us a lot.） 目的状语（in order to/so as to） 均表 “为了”，后接动词原形；so as to 不可置于句首 in order to 可放句首 / 句中；so as to 仅能放句中 错误：So as to improve English, I read every morning. 正确：In order to improve English, I read every morning. 主谓一致（集体名词） 集体名词（team/family/class）作主语，强调整体用单数；强调个体用复数 看语境侧重 “整体” 还是 “成员” 错误：The team are winning the match.（强调整体） 正确：The team is winning the match. 虚拟语气（urge/require/suggest） 这类动词后接宾语从句，从句用 “(should) + 动词原形”，should 可省略 易遗漏 should 或误用普通时态 错误：The teacher urged that we studied hard. 正确：The teacher urged that we (should) study hard. 时态（将来进行时 vs 一般将来时） will be doing 表 “将来某时正在做”；will do 表 “将来要做（侧重意愿 / 计划） 将来进行时不表 “意愿”，仅表 “客观动作” 错误：This time tomorrow, I will visit my grandma. 正确：This time tomorrow, I will be visiting my grandma. 三、重点句型易错点 易错句型 核心结构 辨析要点 易错例句与纠正 such + a/an + adj. + n. + that... 修饰可数名词单数；such 后接 “形容词 + 名词”，so 后接 “形容词 / 副词” 易混淆 such/so 的用法，错把 so 接 “形容词 + 名词” 错误：It was such interesting story that I read it twice. 正确：It was such an interesting story that I read it twice. It was the first time that... 从句用完成时态（过去完成时 / 现在完成时） 易误用一般过去时 错误：It was the first time that I saw the film. 正确：It was the first time that I had seen the film. not... until... 强调句 It is/was not until + 时间状语 + that + 主句（不用倒装） 易遗漏 that 或误用倒装 错误：It was not until he came back when I went to bed. 正确：It was not until he came back that I went to bed. without + n./pron.（含蓄虚拟） 相当于 if 引导的虚拟条件句，主句用 “would/could + 动词原形” 易误用普通时态，忽略虚拟语气 错误：Without your help, I finished the work on time. 正确：Without your help, I couldn’t have finished the work on time. $专题02 选择性必修第二册Unit 4-6词汇短语句型梳理 1. humorous adj. 幽默的，诙谐的 → humour n. 幽默（感）※ 2. anxiety n. 焦虑，不安，担心 → anxious adj. 焦虑的，不安的 → anxiously adv. 焦急地；忧虑地※ 3. significant adj. 重要的，重大的 → significance n. 重要性，意义 → significantly adv. 有重大意义地；显著地※ 4. embarrassed adj. 难堪的，尴尬的 → embarrass vt. 使窘迫，使尴尬 → embarrassing adj. 令人害羞的（或难堪的、惭愧的）→ embarrassment n. 窘迫，尴尬※ 5. confused adj. 困惑的 → confuse vt. 使糊涂；使迷惑 → confusing adj. 难以理解的；不清楚的 → confusion n. 困惑；混淆 6. loyal adj. 忠诚的 → loyally adv. 忠诚地，忠实地 → loyalty n. 信任；信心※ 7. tension n. 紧张；焦虑；焦急 → tense adj. 神经紧张的，令人紧张的 8. accidentally adv. 偶然地，意外地 → accidental adj. 意外的，偶然的 → accident n.（交通）事故；意外 9. amuse vt. 使开心，逗笑 → amused adj. 逗乐的；觉得好笑的 → amusement n. 愉悦；娱乐活动 10. produce vt. 生产；制造；制作 → producer n. 制作人，制片人 → product n. 产品；产物 → production n. 生产；产量 11. convince vt. 使确信，使信服 → convincing adj. 令人信服的；有说服力的※ 12. unfortunate adj. 不幸的，倒霉的 → fortunate adj. 幸运的 → fortunately adv. 幸运地 → fortune n. 机会；运气；大笔的钱 13. promote vt. 提拔，晋升 → promotion n. 提升；促进，增进※ 14. educate vt. 教育；教导 → educator n. 教育工作者 → education n. 教育；培养 → educational adj. 教育的；有教育意义的 → educated adj. 受过教育的；有教养的 15. unbearable adj. 难以忍受的；承受不住的 → bearably adv. 难以忍受地 → bearable adj. 可忍受的；能应付的 → bear vt. 承受；忍受 16. excite vt. 使激动，使兴奋 → excited adj. 激动的，兴奋的；使人兴奋的 → exciting adj. 令人激动的，使人兴奋的 → excite vt. 使兴奋，使振奋 17. disappoint vt. 使失望 → disappointed adj. 失望的，沮丧的 → disappointing adj. 令人失望的，令人沮丧的 → disappointment n. 失望，沮丧※ 18. surround vt. 围绕；环绕；（使）包围 → surrounding adj. 四周的，附近的 → surroundings n. 周围的事物；环境 19. judge vt. & vi. 判断，裁判 → judgment n. 判断力，意见，评价；判决 20. conclude vt. & vi. 断定，推断出；得出结论 → conclusion n. 结论 21. define vt. 给…… 下定义；阐明；解释…… 的含义 → definition n. 定义，释义 22. responsible adj. 有责任的；负责的 → responsibility n. 责任※ 23. urge vt. 强烈要求；敦促 → urgent adj. 紧急的，迫切的；急切的 24. assume vt. 假定，假设；认为 → assumption n. 假定，假设 25. beneficial adj. 有利的，有帮助的 → benefit n. 好处，益处 vt. & vi. 得益于；受益 26. economic adj. 经济（上）的；经济学的 → economical adj. 节约的；经济的 → economy n. 经济；节约 27. cover vt. 报道；覆盖 → coverage n. 新闻报道；覆盖范围 28. expect vt. 期待，预料 → expected adj. 预料的，预期的；指望 → unexpected adj. 出乎意料的；始料不及的 → unexpectedly adv. 意外地，出乎意料地 29. adapt vi. & vt.（使）适应；改编 → adaptable adj. 有适应能力的；能适应的 → adaptation n. 适应；改编（本）※ 30. advertise vt. & vi. 为…… 做广告 → advertisement n. 广告 → advertiser n. 广告商 31. interact vi. 交流，沟通；相互作用 → interaction n. 相互影响 / 作用 / 互动 / 交流 → interactive adj. 互动的，交互的；合作的 32. basic adj. 根本的；基本的；基础的 → basically adv. 根本上；完全地 33. technical adj. 技术的；科技的；工艺的 → technology n. 科技，工艺 34. locate vt. 位于 → location n. 地点；位置 35. attract vt. & vi. 吸引 → attraction n. 吸引力；诱惑 → attractive adj. 有吸引力的；吸引人的※ 36. compete vi. 竞争；比赛 → competitive adj. 竞争性强的，有竞争力的 → competitor n. 竞争对手；参赛者 → competition n. 竞争；比赛※ 37. combine vi. & vt.（使）结合，（使）组合 → combination n. 结合（体）；联合（体）；混合物 38. expect vt. 预期，预料 → expectation n. 预期，预料 39. profit n. 利润，收益，盈利 → profitable adj. 有利润的；赢利的；有益的 40. participate vi. 参加，参与 → participant n. 参加者，参与者※ ( 清单 02 识词知意 ( 厚积薄发，熟能生巧 ) ) 1. pretend vi. & vt. 假装，装作 2. interact vi. 交流；交往；相互作用 3. comfort n. 舒适；健康；幸福 4. enhance vt. 增强；改进；提高 5. swing n. 挥动，挥舞；秋千 vi. & vt.（使）摆动；（使）转动；朝…… 打去；荡秋千 6. collapse vi. 突然倒下 7. appetite n. 胃口，食欲 8. atmosphere n. 大气 (层)；气氛，氛围，环境 9. forecast vt. 预测，预报 10. deserve vt. 应得，应受到 11. reputation n. 名誉，名望 12. encounter vt. 遇到 13. contemporary adj. 当代的 14. contrary n. 正相反，恰恰相反 15. promote vt. 促进；使便利 16. troublesome adj. 引起麻烦的；令人烦恼的 17. precious adj. 宝贵的 18. vocabulary n. 词汇量 19. abstract adj. 抽象的 20. concept n. 概念；想法 21. breakthrough n. 突破；重大进展 22. pursue vt. 追求 23. insight n. 洞察力；顿悟 24. circumstance n. 境况，状况；情况，情形 25. stimulate vt. 刺激，促使，促进 26. primitive adj. 原始的 27. abandon vt. 放弃；抛弃 28. imply vt. 意味着…… 29. routine n. 惯例，常规；例行公事 30. absorbed adj. 全神贯注的 31. programme (program) n. 广播节目；电视节目 vi. & vt. 广播；播送 32. campaign n. （政治或社会性）运动 vt. 发起运动；参加活动 33. debate n. & vi. & vt. 讨论，辩论 34. available adj. 可获得的，可用的；有空的 35. admit vt. 承认 36. complicated adj. 难懂的；复杂的 37. alternative adj. 可替代的；另外的 n. 可供选择的事物 38. pessimistic adj. 悲观的 39. appropriate adj. 恰当的；合适的 40. imagine vt. 设想，想象 41. explicit adj. 清楚的，明确的 42. generate vt. 产生，创造 43. proof n. 证明 44. corporation n. 大型公司；企业集团 45. witness vt. 亲身经历；目击n. 目击者；证人 46. budget n. 预算 vi. & vt. 把…… 编入预算 47. welfare n. 幸福，健康，福利 48. neighbourhood n. 社区，住宅小区，街坊 49. sponsor vt. 赞助，资助；为…… 担保n. 赞助商；资助者 50. trap vt. 困住，使陷入危险中 51. transform vt. 使转化，使改观 52. fault n. 缺点，缺陷；责任，过错 53. splendid adj. 极好的；壮丽的 ( 清单清清单 0301 高频短语 ( 积 少成多，活学活用 ) 词词类转换 ( 变出精彩，举一反三 ) ) 学科网北京股份有限公1 / 7 学科网北京股份有限公司 学科网北京股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. forget (mistakes/failure/reputation, etc.) 忘记 (错误 / 失败 / 恶名等) 2. take a second look in surprise 惊讶地又看了一眼 3. infer from 根据…… 推断 4. benefit from 从…… 中受益 5. joke with sb. 跟某人开玩笑 6. be famous for 以…… 闻名 7. a series of 一系列 8. rely on/depend on 依赖；信赖 9. attempt to do sth. 试图做某事 10. on the contrary 恰恰相反，正相反 11. nothing like 丝毫不像；绝对不 12. have faith in 相信；信任 13. apart from除…… 之外 14. in particular 尤其；特别 15. let alone 更别提，更不用说 16. adapt to 使适合；使适应 17. be consistent with 与…… 一致 / 吻合 18. pass on 传递，传给 19. relate to 与…… 联系 20. give it a go 试一试 21. relate to 理解；和…… 有联系 22. hold up 举起 23. wake up 使顿悟，使猛醒 24. go beyond 超出；超越 25. in spite of 不管，不顾，不理会 26. in conclusion 最后，总之 27. go against 违背，违反 28. approve of 赞成，同意 29. go through 经历，经受；走 (流程或固定程序) 30. in most cases 在多数情况下 31. catch up with/make up for 赶上；补上；了解 (最近的事件) 32. on the other hand 另一方面 33. figure out 想出；理解；弄清 34. come up with 马上想到 35. leave out 遗漏；省略，忽略 36. fall down倒塌；跌倒；失败 37. get involved in参与到 / 涉及 / 卷入，牵涉 38. cut off/ turn off 切断；停止运转；关掉 39. consist of/ make up 由…… 构成 40. stand out 突出，显眼 ( 清单 04 高频句型 ( 精彩句型，句句精彩 ) ) 1.such + a/an + adj. + n. + that... It was such a profound insight that it reshaped her understanding of primitive culture. 这是一个如此深刻的顿悟，以至于重塑了她对原始文化的理解。 2.be doing... when... The researcher was analysing the data when she made a major breakthrough in her study. 这位研究者正在分析数据，这时她在自己的研究中取得了重大突破。 3.will be doing（将来进行时） This time next month, I will be conducting a survey on urban neighbourhood welfare. 下个月这个时候，我将正在开展关于城市社区福利的调查。 4.be likely to do sth. If we are in a pessimistic mood, we are likely to express negative attitudes towards daily routines. 如果我们处于悲观的情绪中，很可能会对日常事务表现出负面态度。 5. It is/was + 被强调部分 + that...（强调句型） It was not until he encountered numerous difficulties that he decided to pursue a career in art. 直到遭遇了无数困难，他才决定追求艺术相关的职业。 6.when it comes to... When it comes to abstract art, many people find it hard to understand the artist's intention. 当谈到抽象艺术时，很多人觉得难以理解艺术家的意图。 7.It was the first time (that)... It was the first time that she had grasped such a complicated concept in contemporary literature. 那是她第一次理解当代文学中这样一个复杂的概念。 8.without + n./pron.（含蓄虚拟语气） Without the stimulation of creative thinking, you would not be inspired or want to explore new ideas. 没有创意思维的激发，你就不会有灵感，也不会想去探索新的想法。 9.not all...（部分否定） However, not all corporate advertisements are designed for profit. 然而，并非所有的企业广告都是为了盈利而设计的。 10.独立主格结构 All aspects considered, though, it must be one of the most precious cultural relics ever discovered. 尽管如此，从各个方面考虑，它必定是迄今发现的最珍贵的文物之一。 ( 清单 05 核心文体写作 ( 通用表达，范文背诵 ) ) 第四单元 幽默小故事 1.框架 开头：时间+人物+日常计划，埋幽默伏笔 主体：常规行为→意外转折→夸张反应 结尾：轻松总结趣味，不刻意升华 2.模板 开头：It was an ordinary [时间], and [人物] planned to [做某事]. Little did he know a funny accident was coming. 主体：He [做步骤1], but suddenly [搞笑转折]. We laughed when we saw [人物反应]. 结尾：This small incident became our favorite story—it reminds us life has unexpected joys. 3.范文背诵 It was a sunny Saturday, and my little brother Tom was determined to bake cookies for Mom’s birthday. Little did he know that a silly mistake would make the day even more memorable. He followed the recipe carefully at first, mixing flour, sugar and butter in a bowl. But when he was supposed to add eggs, he accidentally grabbed a bottle of soy sauce instead. He poured a big spoonful into the mixture, not noticing the dark color until he stirred it. When Mom walked into the kitchen and saw the “black cookie dough”, she couldn’t help laughing. Tom’s face turned red, but he joined in the laughter too. We decided to bake the “special cookies” anyway, and even though they tasted strange, they were the most unforgettable cookies we’d ever had. This funny moment didn’t ruin Mom’s birthday—instead, it made it full of warmth and laughter. Tom learned to check ingredients twice before cooking, and we all learned that small mistakes can make life more interesting. 第五单元 看图作文（Education） 1.框架 开头：描述图片对比，点出教育现象 主体：分析两种教育观念+实例论证 结尾：总结观点+提平衡教育的建议 2.模板 开头：The picture shows [场景1] vs [场景2]—it reflects the conflict between academic pressure and happy growth. 主体：Some believe [观点1] (reason: 成绩=未来), but I think [观点2] (reason: 身心全面发展). 结尾：We should [建议，如平衡学习与兴趣]. Only then can kids grow better. 3.范文背诵 The picture vividly presents a sharp contrast: a girl is sitting at a desk, staring at endless exercise books with tears in her eyes, while another girl is drawing pictures in the park, smiling brightly. This scene exposes a widespread problem in today’s education—too much academic pressure is taking away children’s happiness. Some parents argue that strict study requirements are necessary for kids to succeed in the future. They believe that only by getting high scores in exams can children enter good universities and find good jobs. As a result, many kids have to give up their hobbies and playtime to finish homework and attend extra classes. However, this kind of education may hurt kids’ creativity and love for learning. In my view, education should not only focus on grades but also on developing kids’ interests and personalities. Parents and teachers should work together to create a balanced learning environment for children. For instance, we can set a reasonable time for study and play every day, and encourage kids to try different activities like painting, sports or music. Only in this way can children grow up healthily and happily, and truly benefit from education. 第六单元 影视评论（The Media） 1.框架 开头：影片名+类型+整体评价 主体：2-3维度（剧情/角色）+具体细节+小不足 结尾：总结价值+推荐人群 2.模板 开头：[影片名], a [类型] film, is impressive—it tells a story about [主题]. 主体：First, the plot [优点，如用闪回]. The actors show [角色特质]. A small flaw: [结尾仓促]. 结尾：This film teaches [主题，如坚持梦想]. I recommend it to [人群]. 3.范文背诵 《The Pursuit of Happiness》, a biographical drama film directed by Gabriele Muccino, is one of the most inspiring movies I have ever seen. It tells the true story of Chris Gardner, a father who struggles with poverty but never gives up his dream of a better life for his son. This film touches people’s hearts with its sincere emotion and realistic plot. Firstly, the plot is extremely moving and authentic. The film doesn’t avoid the harsh reality of life—we see Chris being homeless, working hard to sell medical equipment, and even sleeping in a public toilet with his little son. These scenes make us realize how difficult life can be, but Chris’s perseverance is truly admirable. What’s more, Will Smith’s performance as Chris is outstanding. He perfectly shows the father’s love, pain and hope, making the character so real that viewers can’t help but empathize with him. The only small downside is that some parts of the film move a bit slowly, but it doesn’t affect the overall quality. In conclusion, 《The Pursuit of Happiness》 is far more than just a movie—it’s a lesson about life. It teaches us that as long as we hold on to our dreams and work hard, happiness will eventually come to us. I strongly recommend this film to everyone, especially those who are facing difficulties in life. It will give you the courage to keep going forward. ( 题型 01 2 单词拼写 ( 夯实双基，厚积薄发 ) ) 根据汉语提示写出单词的正确形式 1. It is not polite to pretend (假装) that you know nothing about the matter. 2. We need to interact (交流) with different people to broaden our horizons. 3. Warm sunlight and soft music create a sense of comfort (舒适) in the small café. 4. Regular reading can enhance (提高) your ability to understand complex articles. 5. The little girl likes to swing (荡秋千) on the playground after school every day. 6. A balanced diet and enough sleep can improve your appetite (胃口) effectively. 7. The friendly atmosphere (氛围) in the classroom makes students more willing to speak. 8. The weather station forecasts (预测) that it will rain heavily tomorrow morning. 9. People who work hard and help others deserve (应得) our respect and praise. 10. The famous writer has built a good reputation (名誉) for his excellent novels. 11. You may encounter (遇到) some difficulties, but don’t give up easily. 12. This artist is famous for his works that reflect contemporary (当代的) social problems. 13. On the contrary (正相反), this plan will not save money but cost us more. 14. The government has taken measures to promote (促进) the development of rural education. 15. Time is precious (宝贵的), so we should make full use of every minute. 16. Expanding your vocabulary (词汇量) is the key to improving your English reading speed. 17. Poetry often expresses abstract (抽象的) feelings through concrete images. 18. The concept (概念) of environmental protection has been deeply rooted in people’s minds. 19. Scientists have made a great breakthrough (突破) in the treatment of this disease. 20. Many young people choose to pursue (追求) their dreams instead of taking stable jobs. 21. This experience gave me a new insight (顿悟) into the meaning of life. 22. Under such difficult circumstances (情况), she still managed to finish the task on time. 23. Interesting activities can stimulate (激发) students’ interest in learning English. 24. No matter how hard it is, we should not abandon (放弃) our original goals. 25. His silence seems to imply (意味着) that he doesn’t agree with our decision. 26. The boy was so absorbed (全神贯注的) in the book that he didn’t hear the bell ring. 27. The organization will campaign (发起运动) to raise money for homeless children. 28. Students had a heated debate (辩论) on whether technology makes people closer. 29. These books are available (可获得的) in the school library for all students. 30. It is important to choose an appropriate (合适的) way to communicate with different people. ( 题型 02 2 单句语法填空 ( 一词多变，活学活用 ) ) 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. (2020 新课标 Ⅰ 卷改编) The competition (compete) is so fierce that only the best players can enter the final. 2. (2021 全国乙卷改编) She waited anxiously (anxiety) for her exam results, her hands shaking slightly. 3. (2022 新课标 Ⅱ 卷改编) The significance (significant) of this discovery can’t be overstated in the field of medicine. 4. (2023 新课标 Ⅰ 卷改编) To her embarrassment (embarrass), she tripped over the wire and fell down in front of the whole class. 5. (2024 新课标 Ⅱ 卷改编) His confusion (confuse) was obvious when he faced two completely different opinions. 6. (2022 浙江卷改编) The mistake was made accidentally (accidental), so there’s no need to blame anyone for it. 7. (2025 新课标 Ⅰ 卷改编) The children looked amused (amuse) at the clown’s funny performance on the stage. 8. (2021 新课标 Ⅰ 卷改编) The speaker gave a clear and convincing (convince) speech that won loud applause from the audience. 9. (2023 全国甲卷改编) Fortunately (fortunate), he was saved by a passing boat when he fell into the river. 10. (2020 新课标 Ⅲ 卷改编) The promotion (promote) of local tourism has helped improve the living standards of the villagers. 11. (2024 全国乙卷改编) This book provides educational (education) advice for parents on how to communicate with teenagers. 12. (2025 新课标 Ⅱ 卷改编) Many fans felt disappointed (disappoint) when they heard their favorite band had canceled the concert. 13. (2022 新课标 Ⅰ 卷改编) The surroundings (surround) here are peaceful and quiet, perfect for people who want to relax. 14. (2023 浙江 1 月卷改编) In my judgment (judge), it’s better to postpone the meeting until next week. 15. (2021 浙江卷改编) After a thorough discussion, they finally reached a conclusion (conclude) on the project plan. 16. (2024 九省联考卷改编) It’s our responsibility (responsible) to protect the environment for future generations. 17. (2020 全国 Ⅱ 卷改编) We can’t make a decision based on the assumption (assume) that he will agree to our plan. 18. (2022 全国乙卷改编) Eating fresh vegetables and fruits is beneficial (benefit) to our health. 19. (2023 新课标 Ⅱ 卷改编) His adaptation (adapt) of the traditional story was welcomed by both young and old audiences. 20. (2025 九省联考卷改编) The advertisement (advertise) on TV has attracted a lot of customers to the new restaurant. ( 题型 03 2 完成句子 ( 精彩句型，活学即用 ) ) 1.我们可以从各种有益的阅读材料中受益。 We can benefit from various beneficial reading materials. 他试图在三天内完成这个复杂的科学项目。 2.He attempts to finish this complicated science project within three days. 很多人认为艺术很难理解，恰恰相反，它就在我们的日常生活中。 3.Many people think art is hard to understand. On the contrary, it exists in our daily life. 新生需要花一些时间来适应新的校园环境。 4.New students need some time to adapt to the new campus environment. 尽管面临重重困难，这位科学家仍然坚持自己的研究。 5.In spite of numerous difficulties, the scientist still sticks to his research. 最后，我想说，合作是解决这个问题的最佳方式。 6.In conclusion, I want to say that cooperation is the best way to solve this problem. 我们需要仔细思考，才能弄清楚这个抽象概念的真正含义。 7.We need to think carefully to figure out the true meaning of this abstract concept. 经过多次讨论，团队终于想出了一个创新的解决方案。 8.After many discussions, the team finally came up with an innovative solution. 除了这些核心课程之外，我们还可以选择一些有趣的选修课。 9.Apart from these core courses, we can also choose some interesting optional courses. 这位作家的作品很多，我尤其喜欢他那部反映当代生活的小说。 10.The writer has many works, and I like his novel reflecting contemporary life in particular. 他连基本的英语单词都不认识，更不用说阅读英文原著了。 11.He can’t even recognize basic English words, let alone read original English works. 这位老人在他的一生中经历了无数的挑战和机遇。 12.The old man went through countless challenges and opportunities in his life. 一方面，科技发展给我们带来了便利；另一方面，它也带来了一些问题。 13.On one hand, technological development brings us convenience; on the other hand, it also causes some problems. 所有学生都被鼓励参与到这个关于环境保护的校园活动中。 14.All students are encouraged to get involved in this campus activity about environmental protection. 除了专业知识之外，我们还应该培养自己的沟通能力。 15. Apart from professional knowledge, we should also develop our communication skills. 1、 词类辨析 易混词 词性与含义 辨析要点 易错例句与纠正 especially/specially均为副词 前者 “尤其，特别”，后者 “专门地，特意地” especially 侧重补充说明，无明确目的性；specially 强调为特定目的而做 错误：I made a cake especially for your birthday. 正确：I made a cake specially for your birthday economic/economical均为形容词 前者 “经济（上）的，经济学的”，后者 “节约的，经济的” economic 侧重与 “经济领域” 相关；economical 侧重 “节省、不浪费” 错误：We need an economic use of resources. 正确：We need an economical use of resources. embarrassed/embarrassing 均为形容词 前者 “感到尴尬的”，后者 “令人尴尬的” -ed 形式修饰人（主观感受）；-ing 形式修饰事物 / 事件（客观属性） 错误：It was an embarrassed moment for me. 正确：It was an embarrassing moment for me. adapt/adopt 均为动词 前者 “（使）适应，改编”，后者 “采纳，收养” adapt 常搭配 to（适应）；adopt 为及物动词，无固定搭配表 “采纳” 错误：We should adopt to the new school rules. 正确：We should adapt to the new school rules. affect/effect均为动词 affect（v. 影响）；effect（n. 影响，效果） affect 是动词，直接接宾语；effect 是名词，常用搭配 have an effect on 错误：The bad weather will effect our travel plan. 正确：The bad weather will affect our travel plan. assume/suppose均为动词 前者 “假定，假设（无证据）”，后者 “推测，认为（有依据）” assume 侧重 “主观臆断”；suppose 侧重 “基于线索的推测” 错误：I suppose he is guilty without any proof. 正确：I assume he is guilty without any proof. beneficial/benefit beneficial（adj. 有益的）benefit（n./v. 益处；受益） beneficial 后接 to；benefit 作动词后接 from（从…… 受益） 错误：Reading is benefit to our vocabulary building. 正确：Reading is beneficial to our vocabulary building. 2、 语法结构易错点 易错语法点 核心规则 辨析要点 易错例句与纠正 非限制性定语从句（which/as） which 引导的非限制定语从句只能置于先行词后；as 可置于句首 / 句中 / 句末，表 “正如” which 只指代前文内容；as 可指代整个主句，常搭配 as we know/as is known to all 错误：As is a useful tool, the computer helps us a lot. 正确：Which is a useful tool, the computer helps us a lot.（改为：The computer, which is a useful tool, helps us a lot.） 目的状语（in order to/so as to） 均表 “为了”，后接动词原形；so as to 不可置于句首 in order to 可放句首 / 句中；so as to 仅能放句中 错误：So as to improve English, I read every morning. 正确：In order to improve English, I read every morning. 主谓一致（集体名词） 集体名词（team/family/class）作主语，强调整体用单数；强调个体用复数 看语境侧重 “整体” 还是 “成员” 错误：The team are winning the match.（强调整体） 正确：The team is winning the match. 虚拟语气（urge/require/suggest） 这类动词后接宾语从句，从句用 “(should) + 动词原形”，should 可省略 易遗漏 should 或误用普通时态 错误：The teacher urged that we studied hard. 正确：The teacher urged that we (should) study hard. 时态（将来进行时 vs 一般将来时） will be doing 表 “将来某时正在做”；will do 表 “将来要做（侧重意愿 / 计划） 将来进行时不表 “意愿”，仅表 “客观动作” 错误：This time tomorrow, I will visit my grandma. 正确：This time tomorrow, I will be visiting my grandma. 三、重点句型易错点 易错句型 核心结构 辨析要点 易错例句与纠正 such + a/an + adj. + n. + that... 修饰可数名词单数；such 后接 “形容词 + 名词”，so 后接 “形容词 / 副词” 易混淆 such/so 的用法，错把 so 接 “形容词 + 名词” 错误：It was such interesting story that I read it twice. 正确：It was such an interesting story that I read it twice. It was the first time that... 从句用完成时态（过去完成时 / 现在完成时） 易误用一般过去时 错误：It was the first time that I saw the film. 正确：It was the first time that I had seen the film. not... until... 强调句 It is/was not until + 时间状语 + that + 主句（不用倒装） 易遗漏 that 或误用倒装 错误：It was not until he came back when I went to bed. 正确：It was not until he came back that I went to bed. without + n./pron.（含蓄虚拟） 相当于 if 引导的虚拟条件句，主句用 “would/could + 动词原形” 易误用普通时态，忽略虚拟语气 错误：Without your help, I finished the work on time. 正确：Without your help, I couldn’t have finished the work on time. $