Unit 5 Languages Around the World 英美英语差异笔记练习及资源-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版必修第一册

B1U5 Languages Around the World Notes INTRODUCTION English has become a truly global language, developing rich varieties across different countries and regions. This unit aims to help students understand the evolution of English, its global distribution, and the systematic differences between American and British English in terms of vocabulary, pronunciation, grammar, and more. 英语已成为一门真正的全球性语言，在不同的国家和地区发展出丰富的变体。本单元旨在帮助学生理解英语的演变、全球分布，以及美式英语与英式英语在词汇、发音、语法等方面的系统性差异。 Core Idea: There is no single “Standard English.” The diversity of the language is its very vitality. 核心理念： 不存在唯一的“标准英语”。语言的多样性正是其生命力所在。 BACKGROUND The following countries/regions use English as a native or primary official language, each with its own characteristics: Table 1 PLACES WHERE L1 ENGLISH IS SPOKEN Country/Region Phonetic Symbol Chinese Translation Notes Barbados /bɑːˈbeɪdəs/ 巴巴多斯 加勒比海英联邦成员国， 英语为官方语言 Cayman Islands /ˈkeɪmən ˈaɪləndz/ 开曼群岛 英国海外领地， 金融服务业发达 New Zealand /njuː ˈziːlənd/ 新西兰 英联邦国家， 英语与毛利语同为官方语言 South Africa /saʊθ ˈæfrɪkə/ 南非 英语为11种官方语言之一，有独特的南非英语变体 Montserrat /ˌmɒntəˈsærət/ 蒙特塞拉特 英国海外领地，加勒比海岛国 Trinidad & Tobago /ˌtrɪnɪˈdæd ənd təˈbeɪɡəʊ/ 特立尼达和多巴哥 加勒比海国家， 英语为官方语言 St Kitts /sənt kɪts/ 圣基茨 全称圣基茨和尼维斯， 英联邦成员国 Bahamas /bəˈhɑːməz/ 巴哈马 大西洋岛国，英联邦成员国 Kenya /ˈkenjə/ 肯尼亚 东非国家， 英语为官方语言之一 Grenada /ɡrəˈneɪdə/ 格林纳达 加勒比海岛国，英联邦成员国 Gibraltar /dʒɪˈbrɔːltə(r)/ 直布罗陀 英国海外领地， 位于伊比利亚半岛南端 St Vincent /sənt ˈvɪnsənt/ 圣文森特 全称圣文森特和格林纳丁斯，英联邦成员国 Guyana /ɡaɪˈɑːnə/ 圭亚那 南美洲唯一以英语为 官方语言的国家 India /ˈɪndiə/ 印度 英语为官方语言之一， 印式英语使用广泛 Uganda /juːˈɡændə/ 乌干达 东非国家,英语为官方语言之一 Britain /United Kingdom /ˈbrɪtn/ 英国 英语发源地， 英式英语的核心代表区 USA /ˌjuː es ˈeɪ/ 美国 美式英语的发源地 Tanzania /ˌtænzəˈniːə/ 坦桑尼亚 东非国家;英语为官方语言之一 Antigua & Barbuda /ænˈtiːɡwə ənd bɑːˈbjuːdə/ 安提瓜和巴布达 加勒比海岛国，英联邦成员国 Australia /ɒˈstreɪliə/ 澳大利亚 英联邦国家， 澳式英语有独特口音与词汇 Ghana /ˈɡɑːnə/ 加纳 西非国家，英语为官方语言 Ireland /ˈaɪələnd/ 爱尔兰 英语与爱尔兰语同为官方语言 Belize /bəˈliːz/ 伯利兹 中美洲国家，英语为官方语言 Nigeria /naɪˈdʒɪəriə/ 尼日利亚 西非国家，英语为官方语言 Jamaica /dʒəˈmeɪkə/ 牙买加 加勒比海岛国， 英语为官方语言 Canada /ˈkænədə/ 加拿大 英语与法语同为官方语言， 美式英语影响较大 Sierra Leone /ˌsiərə liˈəʊn/ 塞拉利昂 西非国家，英语为官方语言 Singapore /ˌsɪŋɡəˈpɔː(r)/ 新加坡 英语为官方语言之一， 通用新加坡式英语 Surinam /ˈsʊərɪnæm/ 苏里南 南美洲国家， 英语为常用语言之一 Liberia /laɪˈbɪəriə/ 利比里亚 西非国家，英语为官方语言 Pakistan /ˈpɑːkɪstɑːn/ 巴基斯坦 英语为官方语言之一 Malaysia /məˈleɪziə/ 马来西亚 英语为官方语言之一， 通用马来式英语 Nepal /nəˈpɔːl/ 尼泊尔 英语为常用语言， 多用于官方与教育领域 Contact between these different countries has led to the enrichment of the English vocabulary by the use of loan words. Below is an expanded list of common loan words in English. Table 2 SELECTED LOAN WORDS FROM AROUND THE WORLD Place Word(s) Phonetic Symbol Chinese Translation Cultural Background Caribbean barbeque, canoe, potato /ˈbɑːbɪkjuː/, /kəˈnuː/, /pəˈteɪtəʊ/ 烧烤， 独木舟，土豆 均源于加勒比原住民语言， 随殖民贸易传入英语 Australia kangaroo, boomerang /ˌkæŋɡəˈruː/, /ˈbuːməræŋ/ 袋鼠，回飞镖 袋鼠为澳大利亚特有动物； 回飞镖是土著传统狩猎工具 Italy circus, include, nervous, quiet /ˈsɜːkəs/, /ɪnˈkluːd/, /ˈnɜːvəs/, /ˈkwaɪət/ 马戏团， 包含，紧张的，安静的 借自拉丁语衍生的意大利语， 多与文化、日常表达相关 Japan karate, haiku, sushi /kəˈrɑːti/, /ˈhaɪkuː/, /ˈsuːʃi/ 空手道， 俳句，寿司 空手道是日本传统武术； 俳句是日本古典短诗； 寿司是日本经典料理 Spain guitar, mosquito /ɡɪˈtɑː(r)/, /məˈskiːtəʊ/ 吉他，蚊子 吉他起源于西班牙； ”mosquito”在西语中意”小飞虫” Central Africa banana /bəˈnɑːnə/ 香蕉 香蕉是中非常见作物，词汇随贸易传播至欧洲，后进入英语 Germany hamburger, kindergarten /ˈhæmbɜːɡə(r)/, /ˈkɪndəɡɑːtn/ 汉堡包， 幼儿园 汉堡包得名于德国城市汉堡；幼儿园是德首创学前教育机构 North Africa safari, caravan /səˈfɑːri/, /ˈkærəvæn/ 狩猎旅行， 大篷车 源于阿拉伯语，描述北非沙漠 地区的出行方式与活动 Wales penguin /ˈpeŋɡwɪn/ 企鹅 有说法认为源自古威尔士语， 后被英语吸收 Saudi Arabia sherbert, zero /ˈʃɜːbət/, /ˈzɪərəʊ/ 果汁冰沙，零 借自阿拉伯语，”zero”的传入 推动了英语数字表达的完善 Norway ski /skiː/ 滑雪板，滑雪 源于挪威语，与北欧冰雪运动 文化紧密相关 Czech Republic pistol, robot /ˈpɪstl/, /ˈrəʊbɒt/ 手枪，机器人 “robot”源自捷克剧作家恰佩克的作品，后成为通用词汇 Turkey coffee, shish kebab /ˈkɒfi/, /ˌʃɪʃ kəˈbæb/ 咖啡， 烤羊肉串 咖啡经土耳其传入欧洲； 烤羊肉串是土耳其传统美食 East Africa game park /ɡeɪm pɑːk/ 野生动物园 描述东非特色的野生动物保护区/词汇随生态旅游发展传入英语 India jungle, shampoo, pyjamas /ˈdʒʌŋɡl/, /ʃæmˈpuː/, /pəˈdʒɑːməz/ 丛林， 洗发水，睡衣 均源于印地语， 随英国殖民统治传入英语 China litchi, kungfu, tofu, tai chi, dimsum, wok /ˈliːtʃi/,/ˌkʌŋˈfuː/, /ˈtəʊfuː/,/ˌtaɪˈtʃiː/, /ˈdɪmsəm/,/wɒk/ 荔枝，功夫， 豆腐，太极， 点心，炒锅 都是中国特有的物产或 文化符号，音译进入英语 South Africa township /ˈtaʊnʃɪp/ 黑人聚居区 源于南非历史语境， 指种族隔离时期黑人的居住区域 France café, ballet, boutique, résumé /ˈkæfeɪ/, /ˈbæleɪ/, /buːˈtiːk/, /ˈrezəmeɪ/ 咖啡馆， 芭蕾舞， 精品店，简历 借自法语，多与时尚、 艺术、生活方式相关 Russia vodka, tsar, matryoshka /ˈvɒdkə/, /zɑː(r)/, /məˈtriːəʃkə/ 伏特加， 沙皇，套娃 伏特加是俄罗斯国酒； 套娃是俄罗斯传统手工艺品 DIFFERENCES BETWEEN AmE AND BrE 1. Differences in Vocabulary American English Phonetic Symbol British English Phonetic Symbol Chinese apartment /əˈpɑːtmənt/ flat /flæt/ 公寓 bathroom /ˈbɑːθruːm/ toilet /ˈtɔɪlət/ 厕所，洗手间 busy (of telephone) /ˈbɪzi/ engaged /ɪnˈɡeɪdʒd/ 电话占线 can (of beans) /kæn/ tin (of beans) /tɪn/ 罐头 candy /ˈkændi/ sweets /swiːts/ 糖果 chalkboard / blackboard /ˈtʃɔːkbɔːd/ /ˈblækbɔːd/ blackboard /ˈblækbɔːd/ 黑板 check /tʃek/ cheque /tʃek/ 支票 cookie /ˈkʊki/ biscuit /ˈbɪskɪt/ 饼干 crazy /ˈkreɪzi/ mad /mæd/ 疯狂的 drugstore /ˈdrʌɡstɔː(r)/ chemist’s /ˈkemɪsts/ 药房 elevator /ˈelɪveɪtə(r)/ lift /lɪft/ 电梯 eraser /ɪˈreɪzə(r)/ rubber /ˈrʌbə(r)/ 橡皮 fall /fɔːl/ autumn /ˈɔːtəm/ 秋天 garbage/trash /ˈɡɑːbɪdʒ/ /træʃ/ rubbish /ˈrʌbɪʃ/ 垃圾 gas, gasoline /ɡæs/ /ˈɡæsəliːn/ petrol /ˈpetrəl/ 汽油 lineup /ˈlaɪnʌp/ queue /kjuː/ 队伍 living room /ˈlɪvɪŋ ruːm/ sitting room / drawing room /ˈsɪtɪŋ ruːm/ /ˈdrɔːɪŋ ruːm/ 客厅 mail /meɪl/ post /pəʊst/ 邮件 mad /mæd/ angry /ˈæŋɡri/ 生气的 movie/film /ˈmuːvi/ /fɪlm/ film /fɪlm/ 电影 mom /mɒm/ mum /mʌm/ 妈妈 pants /pænts/ trousers /ˈtraʊzəz/ 裤子 pen pal /ˈpen pæl/ pen friend /ˈpen frend/ 笔友 repair /rɪˈpeə(r)/ mend /mend/ 修理 Santa Claus /ˈsæntə klɔːz/ Father Christmas /ˈfɑːðə ˈkrɪsməs/ 圣诞老人 schedule /ˈskedʒuːl/ timetable /ˈtaɪmteɪbl/ 时间表 sick /sɪk/ ill /ɪl/ 生病的 subway /ˈsʌbweɪ/ underground /ˌʌndəˈɡraʊnd/ 地铁 truck /trʌk/ lorry /ˈlɒri/ 卡车，货车 vacation /veɪˈkeɪʃn/ holiday /ˈhɒlədeɪ/ 假期 elementary school / grade school /ˌelɪˈmentri skuːl/ /ˈɡreɪd skuːl/ primary school /ˈpraɪməri skuːl/ 小学 high school /haɪ skuːl/ secondary school /ˈsekəndri skuːl/ 中学 the first floor /ðə fɜːst flɔː(r)/ ground floor /ɡraʊnd flɔː(r)/ 一楼 the second floor /ðə ˈsekənd flɔː(r)/ the first floor /ðə fɜːst flɔː(r)/ 二楼 flashlight /ˈflæʃlaɪt/ torch /tɔːtʃ/ 手电筒 sidewalk /ˈsaɪdwɔːk/ pavement /ˈpeɪvmənt/ 人行道 soccer /ˈsɒkə(r)/ football /ˈfʊtbɔːl/ 足球 trunk /trʌŋk/ boot /buːt/ 汽车后备箱 hood /hʊd/ bonnet /ˈbɒnɪt/ 汽车引擎盖 diaper /ˈdaɪəpə(r)/ nappy /ˈnæpi/ 尿布 candy /ˈkændi/ sweets /swiːts/ 糖果 fries /fraɪz/ chips /tʃɪps/ 薯条 chips /tʃɪps/ crisps /ˈkrɪsps/ 薯片 2. Differences in Spelling American English Phonetic Symbol British English Phonetic Symbol Chinese theater /ˈθiːətə(r)/ theatre /ˈθiːətə(r)/ 剧院 center /ˈsentə(r)/ centre /ˈsentə(r)/ 中心 liter /ˈliːtə(r)/ litre /ˈliːtə(r)/ 升 color /ˈkʌlə(r)/ colour /ˈkʌlə(r)/ 颜色 honor /ˈɒnə(r)/ honour /ˈɒnə(r)/ 荣誉 labor /ˈleɪbə(r)/ labour /ˈleɪbə(r)/ 劳动 odor /ˈəʊdə(r)/ odour /ˈəʊdə(r)/ 气味 traveler /ˈtrævələ(r)/ traveller /ˈtrævələ(r)/ 旅行者 woolen /ˈwʊlən/ woollen /ˈwʊlən/ 羊毛的 skillful /ˈskɪlfl/ skilful /ˈskɪlfl/ 熟练的 fulfill /fʊlˈfɪl/ fulfil /fʊlˈfɪl/ 履行 curb /kɜːb/ kerb /kɜːb/ 路边 program /ˈprəʊɡræm/ programme /ˈprəʊɡræm/ 节目；程序 story /ˈstɔːri/ storey /ˈstɔːri/ 楼层 tire /ˈtaɪə(r)/ tyre /ˈtaɪə(r)/ 轮胎 realize /ˈriːəlaɪz/ realise /ˈriːəlaɪz/ 意识到 analyze /ˈænəlaɪz/ analyse /ˈænəlaɪz/ 分析 apologize /əˈpɒlədʒaɪz/ apologise /əˈpɒlədʒaɪz/ 道歉 defense /dɪˈfens/ defence /dɪˈfens/ 防御 offense /əˈfens/ offence /əˈfens/ 冒犯 license (n.) /ˈlaɪsns/ licence (n.) /ˈlaɪsns/ 许可证 burned /bɜːnd/ burnt / burned /bɜːnt/ /bɜːnd/ 燃烧 (past tense) dreamed /driːmd/ dreamt / dreamed /dremt/ /driːmd/ 做梦 (past tense) smelled /smeld/ smelt / smelled /smelt/ /smeld/ 闻 (past tense) spelled /speld/ spelt / spelled /spelt/ /speld/ 拼写 (past tense) spoiled /spɔɪld/ spoilt / spoiled /spɔɪlt/ /spɔɪld/ 宠坏 (past tense) jewelry /ˈdʒuːəlri/ jewellery /ˈdʒuːəlri/ 珠宝 gray /ɡreɪ/ grey /ɡreɪ/ 灰色 maneuver /məˈnuːvə(r)/ manoeuvre /məˈnuːvə(r)/ 策略；机动 catalog /ˈkætəlɔːɡ/ catalogue /ˈkætəlɔːɡ/ 目录 dialog /ˈdaɪəlɒɡ/ dialogue /ˈdaɪəlɒɡ/ 对话 3. Differences in Pronunciation Feature American English British English Examples Rhoticity (/r/ Sound) 儿化音 Rhotic: Pronounces the /r/ sound clearly at the end of words or before consonants. Non-rhotic: Often drops the /r/ sound at the end of words or before consonants (only pronounced before vowels). AmE BrE Car: /kɑːr/ vs /kɑː/ Teacher:/ˈtiːtʃər/vs/ˈtiːtʃə(r)/ Hard: /hɑːrd/ vs /hɑːd/ Vowel Pronunciation 1. Short “o” (/ɑː/): Pronounced as a tense, rounded vowel in words like “hot” or “not”. 2. “Dance” vowel (/æ/): Uses a short, flat /æ/ in words like “dance” or “chance”. 3. “News” vowel (/uː/): Tends to use a pure /uː/ sound in words like “news” or “due”. 1. Short “o” (/ɒ/): Pronounced as a lax, unrounded vowel in words like “hot” or “not”. 2. “Dance” vowel (/ɑː/): Uses a long, open /ɑː/ in words like “dance” or “chance” (Received Pronunciation). 3. “News” vowel (/juː/): Often uses a /juː/ sound in words like “news” or “due”. AmE BrE Hot: /hɑːt/ vs /hɒt/ Dance: /dæns/ vs /dɑːns/ News: /nuːz/ vs /njuːz/ Consonant Pronunciation 1. T-glottalization: Rare; “t” is usually pronounced as /d/ (flapping) between vowels (e.g., “button”). 2. Wh- sound: Often pronounced as /hw/ (e.g., “what”). 3. Final “ng” (/ŋ/: Pronounced clearly as /ŋ/ (no “g” sound). 1. T-glottalization: Common; “t” is pronounced as a glottal stop (/ʔ/) in words like “button” or “bottle” (especially in informal speech). 2. Wh- sound: Usually pronounced as /w/ (e.g., “what”). 3. Final “ng” (/ŋ/: Same as AmE, but may be more nasal in some accents. AmE BrE Button:/ˈbʌdən/ vs/ˈbʌʔn/ What: /hwʌt/ vs /wʌt/ Sing: /sɪŋ/ vs /sɪŋ/ AmE BrE Advertisement: /ˌædvərˈtaɪzmənt/ vs /ədˈvɜːtɪsmənt/ Laboratory: /ˈlæbrətɔːri/ vs /ləˈbɒrətri/ Tomato: /təˈmeɪtoʊ/ vs /təˈmɑːtəʊ/ Stress Patterns Tends to stress the first syllable in more words; stress may shift for clarity. May stress different syllables in some words; more consistent stress in historical forms. 4. Differences in Grammar Feature American English(AmE) British English(BrE) Examples ①AmE②BrE Collective Nouns Treated as singular (focus on the group as a whole). Can be treated as singular or plural (focus on the group as individuals or a whole). ①The team is winning. ②The team is/are winning. ①The government has announced a new policy. ②The government have announced a new policy. Present Perfect vs Simple Past Often uses Simple Past with adverbs like “just”, “already”, “yet” (no strict distinction). Uses Present Perfect with adverbs like “just”, “already”, “yet” (to emphasize recent actions). ①I just finished my homework. ②I have just finished… ①Did you eat yet? ②Have you eaten yet? ①She already left. ②She has already left. Modal Verbs 1. “Shall”: Rarely used for first-person suggestions/ requests (replaced by “will” or “should”). 2. “Must”: Used for strong obligation; “have to” is more common for everyday obligation. 3. “Needn’t”: Less common; “don’t need to” is preferred. 1. “Shall”: Commonly used for first-person requests/ suggestions (e.g. “Shall we go?”). 2. “Must”: Used for strong obligation; “have to” is also common. 3. “Needn’t”: Common (used to mean “it’s not necessary”). ①Should we go to the cinema? ②Shall we go to the cinema? ①I have to finish this report. (Both, more common in AmE) ②I must finish this report. (Both) ①You don’t need to worry. ②You needn’t worry. (BrE) Subjunctive Mood Uses the subjunctive mood more frequently in formal writing and speech (e.g., “It’s important that he be here”). Prefers “should + base verb” instead of the subjunctive in many cases (more common in formal speech). ①It’s important that she attend the meeting. ②It’s important that she should attend the meeting. ①I suggest that he study harder. ②I suggest that he should… Prepositional Phrases 1. “In line” (waiting for sth.). 2. “On a team” (being part of a team). 3. “Different from/than” (both are acceptable). 4. “On the weekend” (time). 1. “In a queue” (waiting for sth.) 2. “In a team” (being part of a team). 3. “Different from/to” (than is less common). 4. “At the weekend” (time expression). ①She is waiting in line. ②She is waiting in a queue. ①He is on the basketball team. ②He is in the basketball team. ①This book is different than the last one. ②This book is different from... ①We’ll meet on the weekend. ②We’ll meet at the weekend. Past Participle Forms Prefers “-ed” forms (e.g., “burned”, “dreamed”). Accepts both “-ed” and “-t” forms (e.g “burnt”, “dreamt”) “-t” forms are more common in informal speech. ①Burned ②Burnt/burned ①Dreamed②Dreamt/-ed 1 Smelled / ②Smelt/smelled 5. Differences in Expressions Type American English (AmE) British English (BrE) Examples①AmE②BrE Date Format MM/DD/YYYY(Month/Day/Year); written as “October 5, 2025” or “10/5/2025”. DD/MM/YYYY(Day/Month/Year); written as “5 October 2025” or “5/10/2025”. ①October 5, 2025 ②5 October 2025 Number Expression 1. “Billion”: 1,000,000,000 (10^9) (standard). 2. “One hundred” (hyphenated in compound numbers: “twenty-one”). 3. “A quarter after three” (time), “half past three”. 1. “Billion”: Historically 10^12, but now same as AmE (10^9) in most contexts. 2. “A hundred” (hyphenated in compound numbers: “twenty-one”). 3. “A quarter past three” (time), “half three” (informal). ①1 billion②10^9 1 21②twenty-one 3:15: ①a quarter after three ②a quarter past three 3:30: ①half past three ②half three (informal) Address Writing Format: Street number + Street name, City, State Abbreviation, ZIP Code (no commas before ZIP Code). Format: House number + Street name, Town/City, County (optional), Postcode (no punctuation before postcode). AmE: 123 Main Street, New York, NY 10001 BrE: 123 Main Street, London, SW1A 1AA Greetings & Farewells 1. Greetings: “Hi”, “Hey”, “How are you?” (response: “Good, thanks” or “Fine, and you?”). 2. Farewells: “See you later”, “Bye”, “Have a good one”. 1. Greetings: “Hello”, “Good morning”, “How do you do?” (formal response: “How do you do?”); “How are you?” (informal). 2. Farewells: “Cheerio”, “Ta-ta” (informal), “Goodbye”, “Have a nice day”. Greeting: 1 “Hey, how are you?” 2 “Hello, how do you do?” (formal) Farewell: 1 “See you soon!” 2 “Cheerio!” Everyday Expressions 1. “I guess” (to express uncertainty). 2. “Take a rain check” (to reschedule). 3. “Hit the road” (to leave). 4. “Fixin’ to” (to intend to do something, Southern AmE). 1. “I suppose” or “I think” (to express uncertainty). 2. “Take a rain check” (also used, but less common). 3. “Hit the hay” (to go to bed) or “Set off” (to leave). 4. “Going to” (to intend to do something). Uncertainty: ① “I guess it will rain” ②“I suppose it...” Reschedule: ① “Can I take a rain check?” ②“Can we rearrange?” Leave: ① “Let’s hit the road” ② “Let’s set off” 6. Common Confusions & Cultural Misunderstandings Expression Meaning in AmE Meaning in BrE Note public school state-funded school private, fee-paying school (often elite) Meanings are opposite. football American football soccer Refers to different sports. pants trousers underwear Use trousers for outerwear in BrE. knock someone up to wake someone by knocking to make someone pregnant (vulgar) Avoid in BrE contexts. 7. Learning Tips & Practical Skills · Listening Practice：BrE: BBC, The Crown, Harry Potter audiobooks 《王冠》、《哈利·波特》有声书 AmE: Friends《老友记》, TED Talks, CNN · Writing Consistency： In formal writing: Choose one variety and stick to it. For exams: IELTS leans BrE; TOEFL leans AmE. · Speaking Improvement：Imitate one accent; avoid mixing. Mind your everyday word choices (e.g., lift/elevator). · Recommended Tools：Dictionaries: Cambridge Dictionary (BrE) 剑桥, Merriam-Webster (AmE) 韦氏 · Extended Learning Resources Movies & TV Shows： BrE: The King’s Speech《国王的演讲》, Downton Abbey《唐顿庄园》, Sherlock《神探夏洛克》 AmE: Friends《老友记》, Forrest Gump《阿甘正传》, The West Wing《白宫风云》 · Books：The Oxford English Dictionary《牛津英语词典》；The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language《美国传统英语词典》；The Story of English by David Crystal 《英语的故事》（大卫·克里斯托著） · Online Courses：BBC Learning English；VOA Learning English 8. Quiz: Are You More AmE or BrE? 1、To ask a friend if they have eaten, you say: A. Did you eat yet? B. Have you eaten yet? 2、You see a fluffy hopping animal, you say: A. Look at that bunny! B. Look at that rabbit! 3、Your car needs fuel, you need: A. gas B. petrol 4、You live in: A. an apartment B. a flat 5、To throw something away, you look for the: A. trash can B. bin Results：Mostly A: Leaning towards American English；Mostly B: Leaning towards British English 9. Word Play English is a crazy language. There is no egg in eggplant nor ham in hamburger; neither apple nor pine in pineapple. English muffins weren’t invented in England or French fries in France. Sweetmeats are candies while sweetbreads, which aren’t sweet, are meat... We find that quicksand can work slowly, boxing rings are square, and a guinea pig is neither from Guinea nor is it a pig. And why is it that writers write but... hammers don’t ham? (Richard Lederer) 英语是门 “离谱” 的语言：茄子（eggplant）里没有鸡蛋（egg），汉堡（hamburger）里没有火腿（ham）；菠萝（pineapple）里既没有苹果（apple）也没有松树（pine）。英式松饼（English muffins）不是在英国发明的，法式薯条（French fries）也不是在法国诞生的。“甜肉”（sweetmeats）其实是糖果，而 “甜面包”（sweetbreads）一点不甜，反而是肉类。…… 我们还会发现：流沙（quicksand）流得很慢，拳击场（boxing rings）是方形的，荷兰猪（guinea pig）既不来自几内亚（Guinea）也不是猪。更奇怪的是：作家（writers）会写作（write），可锤子（hammers）不会 “锤作”（ham）？（理查德・莱德勒） Conclusion English is a bridge connecting different cultures and people. Whether it’s the rigorous elegance of British English or the concise practicality of American English, both are vibrant and integral parts of this rich, ever-evolving global language. 英语是一座连接不同文化与人群的桥梁。无论是英式英语的严谨优雅，还是美式英语的简洁实用，都是这门丰富多彩、不断演进的全球语言中充满活力、不可或缺的一部分。 May this guide help you navigate these varieties with greater confidence and precision on your learning journey. Remember, to learn a language is to open a new world. 愿这份指南帮助你在学习道路上，更自信、更精准地驾驭这些英语变体。请记住，学习一门语言，就是打开一个全新的世界。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Banana. banana, banana, tomato, tomato, tomato. water. water, water. coffee, coffee. coffee. dog. dog, dog. shark. shock shark. zebra. zebra. zebra. z castle, castle, castle. missile. missile, missile. Cookie, biscuit, biscuit. Candy. sweets, lollies. snickers. trainers, runners. bell pepper. pepper, captain . french rice. chips, hot chips. pants. trousers, pants. underwear. underpants and this sweater, jumper, jumper. flashlight. torch, torch. Check . gray, great, great tire tire . jewelry jewelry. jewelry . aluminum . aluminium, aluminium . mustache . mustache stache . airplane . airplane, airplane . paja . pas pyjamas . color . color看了。 British versus american english. Post . mail. 选我。吗？movie. Rubbish. garbage. Football, soccer. Chips, fries. Rubber IT eraser. Zip zipper. Sweets, Candy. Biscuit cookie. Maze好玩的。Trainers, sneakers. Lorry . truck. Petrol, gas. Cooker, stove. Taxi cab. White . apartment. Wardrobe closet. 赵明pass fire。tap. facet. Crisp chips. Trousers, pants. Handbag. purse. Nappy . dip. torch. Flash light. 创维。cart。Bill jack. Pda, mas pajamas. Weskit vast. jelly. yellow. Engineer . former. 亲人的can。So . far . touch. Car . part . parking . lot. Toilet, restroom. Over . gene . eg plant. Jumper . sweater. Tire, tire. Mobile phone. Cell phone. Russia bacon slice. Date: __________________ Student: __________________ B1U5 Vocabulary Spelling Exercise American English Phonetic Symbol British English Phonetic Symbol Chinese /əˈpɑːtmənt/ /flæt/ 公寓 /ˈbɑːθruːm/ /ˈtɔɪlət/ 厕所，洗手间 /ˈbɪzi/ /ɪnˈɡeɪdʒd/ 电话占线 /kæn/ /tɪn/ 罐头 /ˈkændi/ /swiːts/ 糖果 /ˈtʃɔːkbɔːd/ /ˈblækbɔːd/ /ˈblækbɔːd/ 黑板 /tʃek/ /tʃek/ 支票 /ˈkʊki/ /ˈbɪskɪt/ 饼干 /ˈkreɪzi/ /mæd/ 疯狂的 /ˈdrʌɡstɔː(r)/ /ˈkemɪsts/ 药房 /ˈelɪveɪtə(r)/ /lɪft/ 电梯 /ɪˈreɪzə(r)/ /ˈrʌbə(r)/ 橡皮 /fɔːl/ /ˈɔːtəm/ 秋天 /ˈɡɑːbɪdʒ/ /træʃ/ /ˈrʌbɪʃ/ 垃圾 /ɡæs/ /ˈɡæsəliːn/ /ˈpetrəl/ 汽油 /ˈlaɪnʌp/ /kjuː/ 队伍 /ˈlɪvɪŋ ruːm/ /ˈsɪtɪŋ ruːm/ /ˈdrɔːɪŋ ruːm/ 客厅 /meɪl/ /pəʊst/ 邮件 /mæd/ /ˈæŋɡri/ 生气的 /ˈmuːvi/ /fɪlm/ /fɪlm/ 电影 /mɒm/ /mʌm/ 妈妈 /pænts/ /ˈtraʊzəz/ 裤子 /ˈpen pæl/ /ˈpen frend/ 笔友 /rɪˈpeə(r)/ /mend/ 修理 /ˈsæntə klɔːz/ /ˈfɑːðə ˈkrɪsməs/ 圣诞老人 /ˈskedʒuːl/ /ˈtaɪmteɪbl/ 时间表 /sɪk/ /ɪl/ 生病的 /ˈsʌbweɪ/ /ˌʌndəˈɡraʊnd/ 地铁 /trʌk/ /ˈlɒri/ 卡车，货车 /veɪˈkeɪʃn/ /ˈhɒlədeɪ/ 假期 /ˌelɪˈmentri skuːl/ /ˈɡreɪd skuːl/ /ˈpraɪməri skuːl/ 小学 /haɪ skuːl/ /ˈsekəndri skuːl/ 中学 /ðə fɜːst flɔː(r)/ /ɡraʊnd flɔː(r)/ 一楼 /ðə ˈsekənd flɔː(r)/ /ðə fɜːst flɔː(r)/ 二楼 /ˈflæʃlaɪt/ /tɔːtʃ/ 手电筒 /ˈsaɪdwɔːk/ /ˈpeɪvmənt/ 人行道 /ˈsɒkə(r)/ /ˈfʊtbɔːl/ 足球 /trʌŋk/ /buːt/ 汽车后备箱 /hʊd/ /ˈbɒnɪt/ 汽车引擎盖 /ˈdaɪəpə(r)/ /ˈnæpi/ 尿布 /ˈkændi/ /swiːts/ 糖果 /fraɪz/ /tʃɪps/ 薯条 /tʃɪps/ /ˈkrɪsps/ 薯片 /ˈθiːətə(r)/ /ˈθiːətə(r)/ 剧院 /ˈsentə(r)/ /ˈsentə(r)/ 中心 /ˈliːtə(r)/ /ˈliːtə(r)/ 升 /ˈkʌlə(r)/ /ˈkʌlə(r)/ 颜色 /ˈɒnə(r)/ /ˈɒnə(r)/ 荣誉 /ˈleɪbə(r)/ /ˈleɪbə(r)/ 劳动 /ˈəʊdə(r)/ /ˈəʊdə(r)/ 气味 /ˈtrævələ(r)/ /ˈtrævələ(r)/ 旅行者 /ˈwʊlən/ /ˈwʊlən/ 羊毛的 /ˈskɪlfl/ /ˈskɪlfl/ 熟练的 /fʊlˈfɪl/ /fʊlˈfɪl/ 履行 /kɜːb/ /kɜːb/ 路边 /ˈprəʊɡræm/ /ˈprəʊɡræm/ 节目；程序 /ˈstɔːri/ /ˈstɔːri/ 楼层 /ˈtaɪə(r)/ /ˈtaɪə(r)/ 轮胎 /ˈriːəlaɪz/ /ˈriːəlaɪz/ 意识到 /ˈænəlaɪz/ /ˈænəlaɪz/ 分析 /əˈpɒlədʒaɪz/ /əˈpɒlədʒaɪz/ 道歉 /dɪˈfens/ /dɪˈfens/ 防御 /əˈfens/ /əˈfens/ 冒犯 /ˈlaɪsns/ /ˈlaɪsns/ 许可证 /bɜːnd/ /bɜːnt/ /bɜːnd/ 燃烧 (past tense) /driːmd/ /dremt/ /driːmd/ 做梦 (past tense) /smeld/ /smelt/ /smeld/ 闻 (past tense) /speld/ /spelt/ /speld/ 拼写 (past tense) /spɔɪld/ /spɔɪlt/ /spɔɪld/ 宠坏 (past tense) /ˈdʒuːəlri/ /ˈdʒuːəlri/ 珠宝 /ɡreɪ/ /ɡreɪ/ 灰色 /məˈnuːvə(r)/ /məˈnuːvə(r)/ 策略；机动 /ˈkætəlɔːɡ/ /ˈkætəlɔːɡ/ 目录 /ˈdaɪəlɒɡ/ /ˈdaɪəlɒɡ/ 对话 Word In AmE In BrE Note football American football Refers to different sports. pants underwear Use trousers for outerwear in BrE. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Date: Student: B1U5 Vocabulary Spelling Exercise American English Phonetic Symbol British English Phonetic Symbol Chinese /e'pa:tment/ /flaet/ 公寓 /'ba:Oru:m/ /'toIlet/ 厕所，洗手间 /'bIzil /In'gerd3d/ 电话占线 /kaen/ /tIn/ 罐头 /'kaendi/ /swi:ts/ 糖果 /'t[o:kbo:d/ /'blaekbo:d/ /'blaekbo:d/ 黑板 /tek/ /tJek/ 支票 /'koki/ /'bIskIt/ 饼干 /'kreizi/ /maed/ 疯狂的 /'drAgsto:(r)/ /'kemIsts/ 药房 /'elrverta(r)/ /lIft/ 电梯 /'reIze(r)/ /'rAba(r)/ 橡皮 /fo:I/ /'o:tem/ 秋天 /'ga:bId3//trae[/ /'rAbIj/ 垃圾 /gaes//'gaeseli:n/ /'petrel/ 汽油 /'laInAp/ /kju:/ 队伍 /'lIvIn ru:m/ /'sItIn ru:m/ /'dro:In ru:m/ 客厅 /meIl/ /peust/ 邮件 /maed/ /'aengri/ 生气的 /'mu:vi//film/ /fIlm/ 电影 /mpm/ /mAm/ 妈妈 /paents/ /'trauzez/ 裤子 /'pen pael/ /'pen frend/ 笔友 /rI'pea(r)/ /mend/ 修理 /'saente klo:z/ /fa:ò3'krIsmes/ 圣诞老人 /'sked3u:I/ /'taImteIbl/ 时间表 /sIk/ W 生病的 /'sAbwer/ Ande'graund/ 地铁 /trAk/ /'lpri/ 卡车，货车 NeI'kern/ /'hpladeI/ 假期 /elI'mentri sku:l/ /'grerd sku:I/ /'praimeri sku:I/ 小学 /haI sku:l/ /'sekendri sku:1/ 中学 /6e fa:st flo:(r)/ /graund fl:(r)/ 一楼 /6e'sekand flo:(r)/ /ǒ3f3:stfl:(r)V 二楼 /'flaeJlart/ to:tj/ 手电筒 /'saIdwo:k/ /peIvmant/ 人行道 /'spke(r)/ /'futbo:I/ 足球 /trAnk/ /bu:t/ 汽车后备箱 /hid/ /'bpnIt/ 汽车引擎盖 /'darepa(r)/ /'naepi/ 尿布 Date: Student: /'kaendi/ /swi:ts/ 糖果 /fraIz/ /tjIps/ 薯条 /tjIps/ /'krIsps/ 薯片 /'ei:ete(r)/ /'ei:ata(r)/ 剧院 /'sente(r)/ /'senta(r)/ 中心 /'li:ta(r)/ /'li:te(r)/ 升 /'knle(r)/ /'kNle(r)/ 颜色 /'pna(r)/ /'pna(r)/ 荣誉 /'leIba(r)/ /'leIba(r)/ 劳动 /'eude(r)/ /'eude(r)/ 气味 /'traevele(r)）/ /'traevela(r)/ 旅行者 /'wulen/ /'wulen/ 羊毛的 /'skIlf/ /'skIlfl/ 熟练的 /ful'frl/ /ful'fIl/ 履行 k3:b/ k3:b/ 路边 /'preugraem/ /'praugraem/ 节目；程序 /'sto:ri/ /'sto:ri/ 楼层 /'taIe(r)/ /'taIe(r)/ 轮胎 /'ri:elaIz/ /'ri:elaIz/ 意识到 /'aenglaIz/ /aenglaIz/ 分析 /a'ppled3aIz/ /e'ppled3aIz/ 道歉 /dI'fens/ /dI'fens/ 防御 /e'fens/ le'fens/ 冒犯 /'laIsns/ /'laIsns/ 许可证 /b3:nd/ /b3:nt//b3:nd/ 燃烧 (past tense) /dri:md/ /dremt//dri:md/ 做梦 (past tense) /smeld/ /smelt//smeld/ (past tense) /speld/ /spelt//speld/ 拼写 (past tense) /spoIld/ /spoIlt//sporld/ 宠坏 (past tense) /'d3u:elri/ /'d3u:elri/ 珠宝 /grer/ /greI/ 灰色 /ma'nu:ve(r)/ /ma'nu:va(r)/ 策略；机动 /'kaetelo:g/ /'kaetelo:g/ 目录 /'daielpg/ /'dalelpg/ 对话 Word In AmE In BrE Note football American football Refers to different sports. pants underwear Use trousers for outerwear in BrE. poulonL 祖 pojg UGIIO SVISPI aneu rgd 291A6B1U5 Languages Around the World Notes INTRODUCTION English has become a truly global language,developing rich varieties across different countries and regions. This unit aims to help students understand the evolution of English,its global distribution,and the systematic differences between American and British English in terms of vocabulary,pronunciation,grammar,and more. 英语已成为一门真正的全球性语言，在不同的国家和地区发展出丰富的变体。本单元旨在帮助学生理解英 语的演变、全球分布，以及美式英语与英式英语在词汇、发音、语法等方面的系统性差异。 Core Idea:There is no single"Standard English."The diversity of the language is its very vitality. 核心理念：不存在唯一的标准英语”。语言的多样性正是其生命力所在。 BACKGROUND The following countries/regions use English as a native or primary official language,each with its own characteristics: Table 1 PLACES WHERE L1 ENGLISH IS SPOKEN Country/Region Phonetic Symbol Chinese Translation Notes Barbados /ba:beides/ 巴巴多斯 加勒比海英联邦成员国 英语为官方语言 Cayman Islands /'keImen 'aIlendz/ 开曼群岛 英国海外领地 金融服务业发达 New Zealand /nju:'zi:lend/ 新西兰 英联邦国家， 英语与毛利语同为官方语言 South Africa /sa日'efrIka/ 南非 英语为11种官方语言之 有独特的南非英语变体 Montserrat mpnte'saeret/ 蒙特塞拉特 英国海外领地，加勒比海岛 国 Trinidad Tobago trInI'daed and te'bergeu/ 特立尼达和多巴哥 加勒比海国家 英语为官方语言 St Kitts /sent kits/ 圣基茨 全称圣基茨和尼维斯 英联邦成员国 Bahamas /beha:mez/ 巴哈马 大西洋岛国，英联邦成员国 Kenya /'kenja/ 肯尼亚 东非国家 英语为官方语言之一 Grenada /gre'nerde/ 格林纳达 加勒比海岛国，英联邦成员 @ Gibraltar /d3I'bro:Ite(r)/ 直布罗陀 英国海外领地， 位于伊比利亚半岛南端 St Vincent /sent 'vInsent/ 圣文森特 全称圣文森特和格林纳丁 斯，英联邦成员国 Guyana /gaI'a:na/ 圭亚那 南美洲唯一以英语为 官方语言的国家 India Indie/ 印度 英语为官方语言之一， 印式英语使用广泛 Uganda /ju:'gaende/ 乌干达 东非国家，英语为官方语言之 Britain 英语发源地 /United Kingdom /'britn/ 英国 英式英语的核心代表区 USA /ju:es 'er/ 美国 美式英语的发源地 Tanzania /taenze'ni:e/ 坦桑尼亚 东非国家；英语为官方语言之 Antigua /aen'ti:gwe and ba:'bju:de/ 安提瓜和巴布达 加勒比海岛国，英联邦成员 Barbuda 国 Australia /p'strerlia/ 澳大利亚 英联邦国家， 澳式英语有独特口音与词汇 Ghana /'ga:ne/ 加纳 西非国家，英语为官方语言 Ireland /arelend/ 爱尔兰 英语与爱尔兰语同为官方语 言 Belize b3'li:z引 伯利兹 中美洲国家，英语为官方语 Nigeria /naI d3Ierie/ 尼日利亚 西非国家，英语为官方语言 Jamaica /d3e'merke/ 牙买加 加勒比海岛国 英语为官方语言 Canada /'kaeneda/ 加拿大 英语与法语同为官方语言， 美式英语影响较大 Sierra Leone siere li aun/ 塞拉利昂 西非国家，英语为官方语言 Singapore /,sInge'po:(r)/ 新加坡 英语为官方语言之一 通用新加坡式英语 Surinam /'suerInaem/ 苏里南 南美洲国家， 英语为常用语言之一 Liberia /laI'bIeria/ 利比里亚 西非国家，英语为官方语言 Pakistan /'pa:kIsta:n/ 巴基斯坦 英语为官方语言之一 Malaysia /ma'lerzia/ 马来西亚 英语为官方语言之一， 通用马来式英语 Nepal /ne'po:I/ 尼泊尔 英语为常用语言 多用于官方与教育领域 Contact between these different countries has led to the enrichment of the English vocabulary by the use of loan words.Below is an expanded list of common loan words in English. Table 2 SELECTED LOAN WORDS FROM AROUND THE WORLD Place Word(s) Phonetic Chinese Symbol Translation Cultural Background /'ba:bIkju:/, Caribbean barbeque, 烧烤， 均源于加勒比原住民语言 canoe,potato /ke nu:/, /pa'teiteu/ 独木舟，土豆 随殖民贸易传入英语 Australia kangaroo. kaenge'ru:/ boomerang /bu:meraen/ 袋鼠，回飞镖 袋鼠为澳大利亚特有动物， 回飞镖是土著传统狩猎工具 /'s3:kas/, Italy circus,include /In'klu:d/ 马戏 借自拉丁语衍生的意大利语 nervous,quiet /n3:ves/ 繁张 多与文化、日常表达相关 /'kwaret/ 空手道是日本传统武术； Japan karate.haiku. /ke'ra:ti/, sushi /'haIku:/,/'su:fi/ 俳句是日本古典短诗： 寿司是日本经典料理 Spain guitar,mosquito /gI'ta:(r)/, /ma'ski:tau/ 吉他，蚊子 吉他起源于西班牙： "mosquito"在西语中意”小飞虫” Central 香蕉是中非常见作物，词汇随贸 Africa banana /be'na:na/ 香蕉 易传播至欧洲，后进入英语 Germany hamburger, /'haemb3:ge(r)/, 汉堡包得名于德国城市汉堡；幼 kindergarten /kIndega:tn/ 儿园是德首创学前教育机构 North Africa safari,caravan /se fa:ri/. /kaeravaen/ 狩橥饕军 源于阿拉伯语，描述北非沙漠 地区的出行方式与活动 Wales penguin /'pengwIn/ 企鹅 有说法认为源自古威尔士语 后被英语吸收 Saudi Arabia sherbert,zero I'J3:bet/,/'zIereu/ 果汁冰沙， 零 借自阿拉伯语，"zero”的传入 推动了英语数字表达的完善 Norway ski /ski:/ 滑雪板，滑雪 源于挪威语，与北欧冰雪运动 文化紧密相关 Czech Republic pistol,robot /'pIstl/,/'reubpt/ 手枪，机器人 “robot'"源自捷克剧作家恰佩克的 作品，后成为通用词汇 Turkey coffee,shish /'kpfi/,/JI 烤群肉串 咖啡经土耳其传入欧洲； kebab ke baeb/ 烤羊肉串是土耳其传统美食 East Africa game park /geIm pa:k/ 野生动物园 描述东非特色的野生动物保护区 词汇随生态旅游发展传入英语 India jungle,shampoo, /'d3angl/, 丛林， 均源于印地语 pyjamas /Jaem'pu:/, /pa'd3a:mez/ 洗发水，睡衣 随英国殖民统治传入英语 litchi,kungfu, Ii:t,/kn'fu以 功夫 China tofu,tai chi, teufu:/,/tar'tfi:/ 都是中国特有的物产或 dimsum,wok /'dImsem/,/wok/ 点心，妙两 文化符号，音译进入英语 South 源于南非历史语境 Africa township /'taunjIp/ 黑人聚居区 指种族隔离时期黑人的居住区域 cafe,ballet. /'kaefer/,/'baeler/, France boutique /bu:'ti:k/. 置氧 借自法语，多与时尚、 resume /'rezamel/ 精品店，简历 艺术、生活方式相关 Russia vodka,tsar. /'vpdke/,/za:(r)/ 伏特加， 伏特加是俄罗斯国酒； matryoshka /me tri:alke/ 沙皇，誊娃 套娃是俄罗斯传统手工艺品 DIFFERENCES BETWEEN AmE AND BrE 1.Differences in Vocabulary American English Phonetic Symbol British English Phonetic Symbol Chinese apartment /e'pa:tment/ flat /flaet/ 公寓 bathroom /'ba:eru:m/ toilet /'toIlet/ 厕所，洗手间 busy (of telephone) /'bIzi/ engaged /n'gerd3d/ 电话占线 can(of beans) /kaen/ tin (of beans) tIn/ 罐头 candy /'kaendi/ sweets /swi:ts/ 糖果 chalkboard /'tfo:kbo:d/ blackboard /'blaekbo:d/ blackboard /'blaekbo:d/ 黑板 check /tJek/ cheque /tek/ 支票 cookie I'kki/ biscuit /'bIskit/ 饼干 crazy /'kreizi/ mad /maed/ 疯狂的 drugstore /'drngst:(r)/ chemist's /'kemIsts/ 药房 elevator /'elrverta(r)/ lift /lIft/ 电梯 eraser /I'reIza(r)/ rubber /'rAba(r)/ 橡皮 fall /fo:I/ autumn /'3:tem/ 秋天 garbage/trash /'ga:bId3//trae[/ rubbish /'rAbIl/ 垃圾 gas,gasoline /gaes//'gaeseli:n/ petrol /'petrel/ 汽油 lineup /'laInAp/ queue /kju:/ 队伍 living room /'lIvIn ru:m/ sittina room /sitin ru:m/ drawing room /'dro:In ru:m/ 客厅 mail /meIl/ post /paust/ 邮件 mad /maed/ angry /'aengri/ 生气的 movie/film /'mu:vi//frlm/ film /fIlm/ 电影 mom /mpm/ mum /mAm/ 妈妈 pants /paents/ trousers /'trauzez/ 裤子 pen pal /pen pael/ pen friend /'pen frend/ 笔友 repair Ir肛pea(r)/ mend /mend/ 修理 Santa Claus /'saente klo:z/ Father Christmas /'fa:6e 'krIsmes/ 圣诞老人 schedule /'sked3u:l/ timetable /'taImterbl/ 时间表 sick /sIk/ 训 W 生病的 subway /'sAbweI/ underground /.Ande'graund/ 地铁 truck /trAk/ lorry /'lpri/ 卡车，货车 vacation /eI'keIn/ holiday /'hpledeI/ 假期 elementary school/ /,elr'mentri sku:I/ grade school /greid sku:I/ primary school /'praimeri sku:I/ 小学 high school /haI sku:I/ secondary schoo /'sekendri sku:I/ 中学 the first floor /6e fa:st flo:(r)/ ground floor /graund flo:(r)/ 一楼 the second floor /6a 'sekend flo:(r)/ the first floor /ǒ3f3:st flo:(r)/ 二楼 flashlight /'flaellait/ torch o:t/ 手电筒 sidewalk /'saidwo:k/ pavement /'pervment/ 人行道 soccer /'spke(r)/ football /'futbo:I/ 足球 trunk /trAnk/ boot /bu:t/ 汽车后备箱 hood /hud/ bonnet /'bpnIt/ 汽车引擎盖 diaper /darepe(r)/ nappy /'naepi/ 尿布 candy /'kaen di/ sweets /swi:ts/ 糖果 fries /fraIz/ chips /tJIps/ 薯条 chips /tJIps/ crisps /'krIsps/ 薯片 2.Differences in Spelling American English Phonetic Symbol British English Phonetic Symbol Chinese theater /'ei:ata(r)/ theatre /θi:ata(r)M 剧院 center /'senta(r)/ centre /'senta(r)/ 中心 liter /'li:ta(r)/ litre /'li:te(r)/ 升 color /'kAla(r)/ colour I'kAla(r)/ 颜色 honor /'pne(r/ honour /'pne(r/ 荣誉 labor /'lerbe(r)/ labour /'leIba(r)/ 劳动 odor /'eude(r)/ odour /'a5da(r)/ 气味 traveler /'traevele(r)/ traveller /'traevela(r)/ 旅行者 woolen /'wulen/ woollen /'wulen/ 羊毛的 skillful /'skIlfl/ skilful /'skIlfl/ 熟练的 fulfill /ful'frl/ fulfil /ful'frl/ 履行 curb k3:b/ kerb k3:b/ 路边 program /'preugraem/ programme /'preugraem/ 节目；程序 story /'sto:ri/ storey /'sto:ri/ 楼层 tire /'taIe(r)/ tyre /'taIe(r)/ 轮胎 realize /'ri:elaIz/ realise /'ri:9laIz/ 意识到 analyze aenglaIz/ analyse /'aenglaiz/ 分析 apologize /a'ppled3aIz/ apologise /e'ppled3aIz/ 道歉 defense /dI'fens/ defence /dI'fens/ 防御 offense /e'fens/ offence le'fens/ 冒犯 license (n.) /'laIsns/ licence(n.) /'laIsns/ 许可证 burned /b3:nd/ burnt burned /b3:nt//b3:nd/ 燃烧 (past tense) dreamed /dri:md/ dreamt /dremt//dri:md/ 做梦 dreamed (past tense) smelled /smeld/ smelt smelled /smelt//smeld/ 闻 (past tense) spelled /speld/ spelt spelled /spelt//speld/ 拼写 (past tense) spoiled /spoIld/ spoilt spoiled /spoIlt//sporld/ 宠坏 (past tense) jewelry /d3u:elri/ jewellery /d3u:elri/ 珠宝 gray /greI/ grey /greI/ 灰色 maneuver /ma'nu:va(r)/ manoeuvre /ma'nu:va(r)/ 策略；机动 catalog /'kaetelo:g/ catalogue /'kaetelo:g/ 目录 dialog /darelpg/ dialogue /daIelpg/ 对话 3.Differences in Pronunciation Feature American English British English Examples Rhoticity Rhotic:Pronounces the /r/ Non-rhotic:Often drops the /r/ AmE BrE (/r/Sound) sound clearly at the end of sound at the end of words or Car:/ka:r/vs /ka/ 儿化音 words or before consonants. before consonants (only Teacher:/'ti:tfar/vs/'ti:tfa(r)/ pronounced before vowels). Hard:/ha rd/vs/ha:d/ Short “03” a:): as 1.Shorto (/A:Pronounced Pronounced a tense, rounded vowel in words like as a lax,unrounded vowel in hot''or“not?, words like "hot'”or "not'”. Vowel 2."Dance"vowel (/ae/:Uses 2.“Dance”vowel (/a:Uses a AmE BrE a short,flat /ae/in words like long,open /a:/in words like Hot:/ha.t/vs/ht/ Pronunciation “dance”or“chance dance or"chance"(Received Dance:/daens/vs /da:ns/ 3."News" vowel (:) Pronunciation). News:/nu:z/vs /nju:Z/ Tends to use a pure/u:/sound 3.'News"vowel (/ju:/):Often in words like“news”oi uses a /ju:sound in words like ‘due” 'news'or“duei 1.T-glottalization:Rare;"t T-glottalization:Common AmE BrE is usually pronounced as /d/ t is pronounced as a glotta Button:/'bAden/vs/'ba?n/ (flapping)between vowels stop (2/in words like"button' What:/hwAt/vs/wAt/ (e.g,“button'"). or bottle” (especially in Sing:/sIn/vs/sIn/ Consonant Wh-sound: Often informal speech). pronounced as /hw/(e.g., 2. Wh- Pronunciation sound: Usually what). pronounced as /w/ (e.g. AmE BrE Final “ng (/: 'what"). Advertisement: Pronounced clearly as/n/(no 3.Final“ng’(/:Same as adver'taizment/ “g”sound AmE,but may be more nasal in vs /ed'v3:tisment/ some accents. Laboratory:/'laebreto:ri/vs Tends to stress the first May stress different syllables in Ae'bpretri/ Stress Patterns syllable in more words;stress some words;more consistent Tomato: /ta'meitou/ VS may shift for clarity stress in historical forms. ta'ma:tau/ 4.Differences in Grammar Feature American English(AmE) British English(BrE) Examples①AmE②BrE ①The team is winning. 2The team is/are winning. Collective Treated as singular Can be treated as singular or (focus on the group as a plural(focus on the group as ①The government has Nouns whole). individuals or a whole). announced a new policy. ②The government have announced a new policy. ①I just finished my homework. Often uses Simple Past with Uses Present Perfect with 2I have just finished... Present Perfect adverbs like "just' adverbs like “just”, vs Simple Past already”,yet’(no strict “already”,yet ①Did you eat yet? distinction) (to emphasize recent 2 Have you eaten yet? actions). ①She already left. ②She has already left. 1."Shall":Rarely used for 1."Shall":Commonly used 1Should we go to the cinema? first-person suggestions/ requests (replaced by "will" for first-person requests/ 2Shall we go to the cinema? or“should). suggestions (e.g."Shall we DI have to finish this report. g0?). Modal Verbs 2."Must":Used for strong obligation,“have to”is more 2."Must"':Used for strong (Both,more common in AmE) obligation;"have to"is also 2I must finish this report. common for everyday Both) obligation. common. 3."Needn't":Common (used ①You don't need to worry. 3."Needn't"':Less common; to mean"it's notnecessary"). 2You needn't worry.(BrE) 'don't need to"is preferred 1It's important that she attend the meeting. Uses the subjunctive mood Prefers "should base verb" 2It's important that she Subjunctive more frequently in formal instead of the subjunctive in Mood writing and speech (e.g.,"It's should attend the meeting. many cases (more common important that he be here"). in formal speech). DI suggest that he study harder. 2I suggest that he should. 1She is waiting in line. 1.“In a queue”(waiting for 2She is waiting in a queue. 1."In line"(waiting for sth.). sth.) 1He is on the basketball team. 2."On a team"(being part of 2.“In a team”(being part of 2He is in the basketball team. Prepositional a team). a team). Phrases 3."Different from/than' 3."Different from/to (than 1This book is different than (both are acceptable). is less common). the last one. 4.“On the weekend'”(time). 4."At the weekend'(time 2 This book is different from... expression). 1We'll meet on the weekend. 2 We'll meet at the weekend. Accepts both“-ed'and“-t' Past Participle Prefers“-ed'foms forms (e.g “bunt” 1Burned 2Burnt/burned Forms (e.g,“burned',“dreamed") dreamt'')“-t'forms are ①Dreamed(2 Dreamt/-ed more common in informal ①Smelled/②Smelt/.smelled speech. 5.Differences in Expressions Type American English (AmE) British English(BrE) Examples①AmE②BrE MM/DD/YYYY(Month/Da DD/MM/YYYY(Day/Month/ ①0 ctober5,2025 Date Format y/Year):written as"October Year):written as "5 October 5,2025”0r“10/5/2025 20250r“5/10/2025 ②5 October2025 1.“Billion”:1,000,000,000 c“Billion'”: Historically 11 billion 21009 (109)(standard). 10012,but now same as AmE (109)in most contexts. Number 2 One hundred" 2."Ahundred'(hyphenated in ①212 twenty-one Expression (hyphenated in compound compound numbers:"twenty- 3:15:1a quarter after three numbers:"twenty-one" one” ②a quarter past three 3.“A quarter after three'” 3. A quarter past three" 3:30:①half past three (time),"half past three" (time),"halfthree"(informal). ②half three(informal)) Format: Street number Format: House number Address Street name, City,State Street AmE: 123 Main Street, name, Town/Citv. New York,NY 10001 Writing Abbreviation,ZIP Code (no County (optional). Postcode before BrE:123 Main Street. commas before ZIP Code). (no punctuation postcode) London,SW1A1AA l.Greetings:“Hi”,“Hey 1.Greetings:“Hello”,“Good Greeting: How are you?(response morning ,How do you do?” (formal广response::“How do Q“Hey,how are you? Greetings "Good,thanks"or"Fine,and you do?"): “How are you? ②“Heio,how 'do you Farewells you?") Farewells: "See you informal) do?"(formal) Farewell: later',“Bye”,“Have a good 2.Farewells:“Cheerio'”,“Ta- ta'” one”. (informal),"Goodbye", (1 “See you soon!' “Have a nice day' ②“Cheerio!'? 1."I guess' (to express 1.“I suppose'”or“I think'”(to Uncertainty:①“I guess it uncertainty). express uncertainty) will rain”②“I suppose it..” Take a rain check"(also Reschedule:①“Can I take Everyday 2."Take a rain check"(to used,but less common). Expressions reschedule). 3."Hit the hay(to go to bed) a rain check?'②“Can we 3."Hit the road'(to leave). 4.“Fixin'to”(to intend to do or“Set off'(to leave. rearrange? something,Southern AmE). 4."Going to"(to intend to do Leave::①“Let's hit the something). road'②“Let's set of' 6.Common Confusions Cultural Misunderstandings Expression Meaning in AmE Meaning in BrE Note public school state-funded school private,fee-paying school (often elite) Meanings are opposite. football American football soccer Refers to different sports pants trousers underwear Use trousers for outerwear in BrE. knock someone up to wake someone by to make someone knocking pregnant (vulgar) Avoid in BrE contexts. 7.Learning Tips Practical Skills ◇Listening Practice:BrE:BBC,The Crown,.Harry Potter audiobooks《王冠》、《哈利波特》有声书 AmE:Friends《老友记》，TED Talks,CNN Writing Consistency:In formal writing:Choose one variety and stick to it.For exams:IELTS leans BrE:TOEFL leans AmE. Speaking Improvement:Imitate one accent;avoid mixing.Mind your everyday word choices (e.g., lift/elevator). 令Recommended Tools:Dictionaries::Cambridge Dictionary(BrE)剑桥，Merriam-Webster(AmE)韦氏 Extended Learning Resources Movies TV Shows: BrE:The King's Speech《国王的演讲》，Downton Abbey《唐顿庄园》，Sherlock《神探夏洛克》 AnE:Friends《老友记》，Forrest Gump《阿甘正传》，The West Wing《白官风云》 Books:The Oxford English Dictionary《牛津英语词典》，The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language《美国传统英语词典》，The Story of Engli.sh by David Crystal《英语的故事》（大 卫克里斯托著) Online Courses:BBC Learning English;VOA Learning English 8.Quiz:Are You More AmE or BrE? 1.To ask a friend if they have eaten,you say:A.Did you eat yet?B.Have you eaten yet? 2.You see a fluffy hopping animal,you say:A.Look at that bunny!B.Look at that rabbit! 3.Your car needs fuel,you need:A.gas B.petrol 4.You live in:A.an apartment B.a flat 5.To throw something away,you look for the:A.trash can B.bin Results:Mostly A:Leaning towards American English;Mostly B:Leaning towards British English 9.Word Play English is a crazy language.There is no egg in eggplant nor ham in hamburger,neither apple nor pine in pineapple.English muffins weren't invented in England or French fries in France.Sweetmeats are candies while sweetbreads,which aren't sweet,are meat...We find that quicksand can work slowly, boxing rings are square,and a guinea pig is neither from Guinea nor is it a pig.And why is it that writers write but...hammers don't ham?(Richard Lederer) 英语是门“离谱"的语言：茄子(eggplant)里没有鸡蛋(egg),汉堡(hamburger)里没有火腿(ham);菠萝(pineapple) 里既没有苹果(apple)也，没有松树(pine)。英式松饼(English muffins)不是在英国发明的，法式薯条(French fries))也不 是在法国诞生的。“甜肉”(sweetmeats)其实是糖果，而“甜面包”(sweetbreads))一点不甜，反而是肉类。，我们还会发现： 流沙(quicksand)流得很慢，拳击场(boxing rings)是方形的，荷兰猪(guinea pig)既不来自几内亚(Guinea)也不是猪。 更奇怪的是：作家(writers)会写作(write),可锤子(hammers)不会“锤作”(ham）?(理查德·莱德勒) Conclusion English is a bridge connecting different cultures and people.Whether it's the rigorous elegance of British English or the concise practicality of American English,both are vibrant and integral parts of this rich,ever- evolving global language. 英语是一座连接不同文化与人群的桥梁。无论是英式英语的严谨优雅，还是美式英语的简洁实用 都是这门丰富多彩、不断演进的全球语言中充满活力、不可或缺的一部分。 May this guide help you navigate these varieties with greater confidence and precision on your learning journey.Remember,to learn a language is to open a new world 愿这份指南帮助你在学习道路上，更自信、更精准地驾驭这些英语变体。请记住，学习一门语言 就是打开一个全新的世界。 pouloni 业码 pojg UGlIO VEP性 dnfeu rgd 291Ag ● B1 U5 Languages Around the World 英美英语差异专项练习题 考查重点：英美英语词汇差异、拼写差异、语法差异、表达差异、发音差异 答题要求：请根据所学知识完成以下练习，认真审题，规范作答 1、 单项选择 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出符合句意的最佳答案。 1、 — Where can I buy some medicine? I have a cold. — You can go to the _______ nearby. (AmE) A. chemist’s B. drugstore C. pharmacy D. clinic 2、 My family will go on _______ to Hawaii this summer vacation. (BrE) A. holiday B. vacation C. trip D. journey 3、 The little boy is playing with a toy car in the _______. (AmE：客厅) A. sitting room B. drawing room C. living room D. rest room 4、 We need to take the _______ to get to the city center quickly. (BrE：地铁) A. subway B. underground C. train D. metro 5、 — What’s your favorite _______?(AmE：糖果) — I like chocolate best. A. sweets B. candy C. dessert D. snack 6、 The _______ on the wall shows the schedule of our final exams. (BrE：时间表) A. schedule B. plan C. timetable D. list 7、 My pen pal from London said he would send me a _______ of his family. (BrE：照片) A. photo B. picture C. snapshot D. photo graph 8、 The _______ of the building is 10 meters high, so we need to take the lift. (AmE：楼层) A. storey B. story C. floor D. level 9、 Why is the phone _______? I cant get through. (BrE：占线) — Maybe she’s talking to someone else. A. busy B. free C. engaged D. open 10、My mother bought a _______ of milk from the supermarket. (AmE：罐头/盒) A. tin B. can C. box D. bottle 11、Which of the following spellings is American English? A. colour B. centre C. realize D. theatre 12、 The correct British English spelling of “_______” is “traveller”. A. traveler B. travelor C. travaler D. travalor 13、 In British English, we say “I have just finished my homework.” while in American English, its often said as _______. A. I just finish my homework. B. I just finished my homework. C. I had just finished my homework. D. I will just finish my homework. 14、 — _______ I open the window for you? Its a bit hot. (BrE：请求) — Yes, please. A. Will B. Should C. Shall D. Would 15、 In American English, people say “on the weekend”, but in British English, they usually say _______. A. in the weekend B. at the weekend C. for the weekend D. during the weekend 2、 填空 根据句意，填入对应的AmE英语或BrE英语词汇，注意拼写规范。 16、 My uncle drives a _______ (AmE：卡车) to deliver goods every day. 17、 British people usually call the first floor of a building the _______ (BrE：一楼). 18、 She bought a new pair of _______ (BrE：裤子) for her fathers birthday 19、 American children often write letters to _______ (AmE：圣诞老人) before Christmas. 20、 The _______ (BrE：橡皮) on the desk is mine. Please pass it to me. 21、 We need to fill up the car with _______ (BrE：汽油) before we leave. 22、 The _______ (AmE：电梯) is out of order, so we have to walk up the stairs. 23、 British people say “I’m ill.” while Americans usually say “I’m _______ (AmE：生病的)”. 24、 The _______ (BrE：垃圾) should be put into the dustbin. 25、 American students go to _______ (AmE：小学) at the age of 6. 26、 写出下列单词的BrE英语拼写：color → _______; honor → _______ 27、 写出下列单词的AmE英语拼写：theatre → _______; centre → _______ 28、 写出下列单词的BrE英语拼写：traveler → _______; woolen → _______ 29、 写出下列单词的AmE英语拼写：apologise → _______; analyse → _______ 30、 In British English, the past tense of “burn” can be _______, while in American English, its usually _______. 三、句型转换 将下列句子从AmE英语转换为BrE英语，或从BrE英语转换为AmE英语，保持句意不变。 31、 AmE转BrE：I just finished my homework. 转换句：________________________________________ 32、 BrE转AmE：Shall I open the window? 转换句：________________________________________ 33、 AmE转BrE：She is waiting in the lineup for the ticket. 转换句：________________________________________ 34、 BrE转AmE：He is staying in hospital because of a fever. 转换句：________________________________________ 35、 AmE转BrE：My favorite food is fries and hamburgers. 转换句：________________________________________ 四、阅读理解 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题，注意区分英美英语表达差异。 Dear Tom, I hope this letter finds you well. I’m having a great time in New York, the biggest city in America. Yesterday, I went to a drugstore to buy some medicine because I had a cold. On my way back, I took the subway to my hotel. The subway was very crowded, but I met a friendly boy. He told me that he goes to elementary school and his favorite subject is math. This weekend, my family and I will go on vacation to the countryside. We plan to drive a car there, so we need to buy some gasoline first. I also want to buy some candy for my little sister. She loves sweet food very much. I miss you so much. Could you send me a photo of your family? I want to show it to my new friends here. Best wishes, Jack 36、 Where is Jack now? What did he go to buy in the drugstore? (请用BrE英语表达“drugstore”对应的词汇) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 37、How did Jack go back to his hotel yesterday? (请用BrE英语表达对应的交通方式词汇) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 38、What does the boy Jack met do? (请用BrE英语表达“elementary school”对应的词汇) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 39、What do Jack and his family plan to do this weekend? (请用BrE英语表达“vacation”对应的词汇) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 40、What does Jack want Tom to send him? (请用BrE英语表达“photo”对应的词汇) _______________________________________________________________________________________ ( 我的笔记 ) Date: __________________ Student: __________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案及解析 1、 单项选择 1、B 解析：AmE“药房”为drugstore，A选项chemists是BrE，C选项pharmacy为通用表达，D选项clinic是诊所。 2、 A 解析：BrE“假期”为holiday，B选项vacation是AmE，C、D选项为“旅行”，不符合句意。 3、 C 解析：AmE“客厅”为living room，A、B选项是BrE，D选项rest room是洗手间。 4、 B 解析：BrE“地铁”为underground，A选项subway是AmE，C、D选项不符合句意。 5、 B 解析：AmE“糖果”为candy，A “sweets”是BrE，C选项dessert是甜点，D选项snack是零食。 6、 C 解析：BrE“时间表”为timetable，A选项schedule是AmE，B选项plan是计划，Dlist是清单。 7、 A 解析：BrE“照片”可用photo或photograph，D拼写错误，A、B、C均可，但最佳答案为A。 8、 B 解析：AmE“楼层”为story，BrE为storey，C选项floor是“地板、楼层”通用表达，但此处特指“楼层高度”的AmE为story。 9、 C 解析：BrE“电话占线”为engaged，A是AmE，B选项free是空闲的，D选项open是开放的。 10、B 解析：AmE“罐头”为can，A选项tin是BrE，C选项box是盒子，D选项bottle是瓶子。 11、C 解析：A、B、D均为BrE拼写，对应AmE的color、center、theater，C“realize”是AmE拼写。 12、 A 解析：BrE拼写“旅行者”为traveller，AmE拼写为traveler，A选项正确，其余选项拼写错误。 13、B 解析：AmE常用一般过去时代替BrE的现在完成时，原句为现完时，AmE应改为一般过去时。 14、C 解析：BrE英语中shall可用于第一人称表请求，AmE英语多用should或will。 15、B 解析：AmE“在周末”为on the weekend，BrE为at the weekend，固定搭配。 2、 填空 16、truck 解析：AmE“卡车”为truck，BrE为lorry。 17、 ground floor 解析：BrE“一楼”为ground floor，AmE first floor对应BrE second floor。 18、 trousers 解析：BrE“裤子”为trousers，AmE为pants。 19、 Santa Claus 解析：AmE“圣诞老人”为Santa Claus，BrE为Father Christmas。 20、 rubber 解析：BrE“橡皮”为rubber，AmE为eraser。 21、 petrol 解析：BrE“汽油”为petrol，AmE为gas/gasoline。 22、 elevator 解析：AmE“电梯”为elevator，BrE为lift。 23、 sick 解析：AmE“生病的”为sick，BrE为ill。 24、 rubbish 解析：BrE“垃圾”为rubbish，AmE为garbage/trash。 25、elementary school/grade school 解析：AmE“小学”为elementary school或grade school，BrE为primary school。 26、 colour; honour 解析：BrE拼写中，-or结尾常改为-our。 27、 theater; center 解析：AmE拼写中，-re结尾常改为-er。 28、 traveller; woollen 解析：BrE拼写中，部分单词需双写辅音字母l。 29、apologize; analyze 解析：AmE拼写中，-ise结尾常改为-ize。 30、burnt; burned 解析：BrE英语中可双写t加-ed或直接加-ed，AmE英语多直接加-ed。 3、 句型转换 31、I have just finished my homework. 解析：AmE一般过去时替换为BrE现在完成时，添加have。 32、Should I open the window? 解析：BrE shall表请求替换为AmE should。 33、 She is waiting in the queue for the ticket. 解析：AmE lineup替换为BrE queue。 34、 He is staying in the hospital because of a fever. 解析：BrE in hospital（住院）替换为AmE in the hospital，添加定冠词the。 35、 My favorite food is chips and hamburgers. 解析：AmE fries（薯条）替换为BrE chips。 4、 阅读理解题 36、 Jack is in New York now. He went to buy some medicine in the chemists. 解析：drugstore对应的BrE词汇为chemists，其余句意不变。 37、 He went back to his hotel by underground yesterday. 解析：subway对应的BrE词汇为underground，“乘坐地铁”可表达为take the underground或by underground。 38、 He is a primary school student. 解析：elementary school对应的BrE词汇为primary school。 39、 They plan to go on holiday to the countryside this weekend. 解析：vacation对应的BrE词汇为holiday。 40、 ack wants Tom to send him a photo/photograph of his family. 解析：photo在BrE英语中可直接使用，也可表达为photograph。 $Date: Student: B1 U5 Languages Around the World 英美英语差异专项练习题 考查重点：英美英语词汇差异、拼写差异、语法差异、表达差异、发音差异 答题要求：请根据所学知识完成以下练习，认真审题，规范作答 一、单项选择 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出符合句意的最佳答案。 1.-Where can I buy some medicine?I have a cold. -You can go to the nearby.(AmE) A.chemist's B.drugstore C.pharmacy D.clinic 2.My family will go on to Hawaii this summer vacation.(BrE) A.holiday B.vacation C.trip D.journey 3.The little boy is playing with a toy car in the .(AmE:客厅) A.sitting room B.drawing room C.living room D.rest room 4、We need to take the_to get to the city center quickly.(BrE:地铁) A.subway B.underground C.train D.metro 5、一What's your favorite?(AmE:糖果) -I like chocolate best. A.sweets B.candy C.dessert D.snack 6、The on the wall shows the schedule of our final exams..(BrE:时间表) A.schedule B.plan C.timetable D.list 7、My pen pal from London said he would send me a_of his family..(BrE:照片) A.photo B.picture C.snapshot D.photo graph 8、The of the building is 10 meters high,so we need to take the lift.(AmE:) A.storey B.story C.floor D.level 9、Why is the phone?I cant get through.(BrE:占线) -Maybe she's talking to someone else A.busy B.free C.engaged D.open 10、My mother bought a of milk from the supermarket..(AmE:罐头/盒) A.tin B.can C.box D.bottle 11,Which of the following spellings is American English? A.colour B.centre C.realize D.theatre 12.The correct British English spelling of" ”is“traveller'”. A.traveler B.travelor C.travaler D.travalor 13.In British English,we say"I have just finished my homework."while in American English,its often said as A.I just finish my homework.B.I just finished my homework. C.I had just finished my homework.D.I will just finish my homework. 14、- I open the window for you?Its a bit hot.(BrE:) -Yes,please. A.Will B.Should C.Shall D.Would 15.In American English,people say"on the weekend',but in British English,they usually say A.in the weekend B.at the weekend C.for the weekend D.during the weekend Date: Student: 二、填空 根据句意，填入对应的AE英语或BE英语词汇，注意拼写规范。 l6、My uncle drives a (AmE:卡车)to deliver goods every day. 17,British people usually call the first floor of a building the BE:一楼) 18.She bought a new pair of (BrE:裤子)for her fathers birthday 19.American children often write letters to (AmE:圣诞老人)before Christmas. 20、The (BrE:橡皮)on the desk is mine.Please pass it to me. 21,We need to fill up the car with (BrE:汽油)before we leave. 22、The (AmE:)is out of order,so we have to walk up the stairs. 23、British people say“I'mill.”while Americans usually say“T'tm (AmE:生病的)”. 24、The_ (BrE:垃圾)should be put into the dustbin. 25.American students go to (AmE:小学)at the age of6. 26、写出下列单词的BE英语拼写：color→ ;honor→ 27、写出下列单词的AnE英语拼写：theatre→ ;centre→ 28、写出下列单词的BrE英语拼写：traveler→ ；woolen→ 29、写出下列单词的AmE英语拼写：apologise→ ;analyse→ 30、In British English,the past tense of“bum”can be while in American English,its usually 三、句型转换 将下列句子从AmE英语转换为BE英语，或从BrE英语转换为AmE英语，保持句意不变。 3l、AmE转BrE:I just finished my homework. 转换句 32、BrE转AmE:Shall I open the window? 转换句： 33.AmE BrE:She is waiting in the lineup for the ticket 转换句： 34.BrE AmE:He is staying in hospital because of a fever. 转换句： 35.AmE BrE:My favorite food is fries and hamburgers. 转换句： Date: Student: 四、阅读理解 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题，注意区分英美英语表达差异。 Dear Tom, I hope this letter finds you well.I'm having a great time in New York,the biggest city in America. Yesterday,I went to a drugstore to buy some medicine because I had a cold.On my way back,I took the subway to my hotel.The subway was very crowded,but I met a friendly boy.He told me that he goes to elementary school and his favorite subject is math. This weekend,my family and I will go on vacation to the countryside.We plan to drive a car there,so we need to buy some gasoline first.I also want to buy some candy for my little sister.She loves sweet food very much. I miss you so much.Could you send me a photo of your family?I want to show it to my new friends here. Best wishes, Jack 36.Where is Jack now?What did he go to buy in the drugstore? (请用BrE英语表达“drugstore'”对应的词汇) 37.How did Jack go back to his hotel yesterday? (请用BE英语表达对应的交通方式词汇) 38.What does the boy Jack met do? (请用BrE英语表达“elementary school''对应的词汇) 39.What do Jack and his family plan to do this weekend? (请用BrE英语表达“vacation'对应的词汇) 40.What does Jack want Tom to send him? (请用BrE英语表达photo'”对应的词汇) 我的笔记 参考答案及解析 一、单项选择 l、B解析：AmE“药房”为drugstore,A选项chemists是BE,C选项pharmacy为通用表达，D选项 clinic是诊所。 2、A解析：BrE“假期”为holiday,B选项vacation是AmE,C、D选项为“旅行”，不符合句意。 3、C解析：AmE“客厅”为living room,A、B选项是BrE,D选项rest room是洗手间。 4、 B解析：BrE“地铁”为underground,A选项subway是AmE,C、D选项不符合句意。 5、B解析：AmE“糖果”为candy,A“sweets'是BrE,C选项dessert是甜点，D选项snack是零食。 6、 C解析：BrE“时间表”为timetable,A选项schedule是AmE,B选项plan是计划，Dlist是清单。 7、A解析：BrE“照片”可用photo或photograph,D拼写错误，A、B、C均可，但最佳答案为A。 8、 B解析：AmE“楼层”为stoy,BrE为storey,C选项floor是“地板、楼层”通用表达，但此处特指 “楼层高度”的AmE为stoy。 9、C解析：BrE“电话占线”为engaged,A是AmE,B选项free是空闲的，D选项open是开放的。 l0、B解析：AmE“罐头”为can,A选项tim是BE,C选项box是盒子，D选项bottle是瓶子。 ll、C解析：A、B、D均为BE拼写，对应AmE的color、center、theater,.C“realize”是AmE拼写。 l2、A解析：BrE拼写“旅行者”为traveller,AmE拼写为traveler,A选项正确，其余选项拼写错误。 13、B解析：AE常用一般过去时代替BrE的现在完成时，原句为现完时，AmE应改为一般过去时。 14、C解析：BrE英语中shall可用于第一人称表请求，AmE英语多用should或will。 l5、B解析：AmE“在周末”为on the weekend,.BrE为at the weekend,固定搭配。 二、填空 16、tuck解析：AmE“卡车”为tuck,BrE为loIy。 17、 ground floor解析：BrE“一楼”为ground floor,AmE first floor对应BrE second floor。 18、trousers解析：BrE“裤子”为trousers,AnE为pants: 19、 Santa Claus解析：AmE“圣诞老人”为Santa Claus,BrE为Father Christmas。 20、 ubber解析：BrE“橡皮”为rubber,AmE为eraser。 21、 petrol解析：BrE“汽油”为petrol,AmE为gas/gasoline。 22、 elevator解析：AmE“电梯”为elevator,BrE为lif。 23、 sick解析：AmE“生病的”为sick,BrE为ill。 24、 ubbish解析：BrE“垃圾”为ubbish,AmE为garbage/trash。 25、elementary school/grade school解析：AmE“小学”为elementary school或grade school,BrE为primary school。 26、colour,honour解析：BrE拼写中，-or结尾常改为-our。 27、theater;center解析：AnE拼写中，-Ie结尾常改为-er。 28、 traveller;woollen解析：BE拼写中，部分单词需双写辅音字母l。 29、apologize;analyze解析：AmE拼写中，-ise结尾常改为-ize。 30、 bunt,burned解析：BrE英语中可双写t加-ed或直接加-ed,AmE英语多直接加-ed。 三、句型转换 3l、I have just finished my homework.解析：AmE一般过去时替换为BrE现在完成时，添加have。 32、Should I open the window?解析：BrE shall表请求替换为AmE should。 33、 She is waiting in the queue for the ticket.解析：AmE lineup替换为BrE queue。 34、He is staying in the hospital because of a fever..解析：BrE in hospital(住院)替换为AmE in the hospital, 添加定冠词the。 35、 My favorite food is chips and hamburgers.解析：AmE fries(薯条)替换为BrE chips。 四、阅读理解题 36.Jack is in New York now.He went to buy some medicine in the chemists. 解析：drugstore对应的BrE词汇为chemists,其余句意不变。 37.He went back to his hotel by underground yesterday. 解析：subway对应的BrE词汇为underground,“乘坐地铁”可表达为take the underground或by underground。 38.He is a primary school student. 解析：elementary school对应的BrE词汇为primary school。 39.They plan to go on holiday to the countryside this weekend. 解析：vacation对应的BrE词汇为holiday。 40.ack wants Tom to send him a photo/photograph of his family 解析：photo在BrE英语中可直接使用，也可表达为photograph。Hello, youtube truth and night too here. And after a long absence, i'm back in the accent shed as I like to call IT and i'm going to be doing all the accent i've done in my previous videos, plus some new ones and also a load of other voices that I ve not shown before. Hope you enjoy. So I was talking in his russian, but in a public night, right? And he was, take me a language. I think i'm getting g of IT now, private. Many vote check. For as long as you listen to the sound of my voice, you are going to be safe all of the time, every time. Thank you for helping me help you. Gentle man in the hood jacket pledged me the other day and said, what have you got for me? blad. So one replied, what is a bad? One has never heard of such a word in one's entire life. You have to give off the phone now, both because the gin a from a, don't forget to tell sie to come on to pakistan with you today. barmy. Or you mean you can't do that in the middle, the road, almost another car I down the country and guess what? I found nothing, absolutely nothing so I just gave up and went on, oh no, what you like day IT i'm absolutely quoted me girl end left me try SHE but now newman's brother can not sad IT only took me about eighteen minutes define what I was looking for two thirty five AM you are can tolerate IT being called bridge but if you ever cross the line and call me english amo snapp your wee next, let me tell you something. Polite company is the one true party of whales. And in the U. K. General election, you should have voted for them. Noy is time to declare my favorite number, my favorite number, as the number toy. And you Better slow down with your food, mate. You're onna choky rice. I don't think the god is going to listen to your excuse about where you would join up the motorway with the point to in in one hand. And I boat the bombers in the order. How did you even steer? So I put a peanut butter jelli sandwich in the refrigerator, and I came back later, and I to turn black. And i'm like, that's weird, man. Like, what? how? What you take on? funny. what? Like a clown? funny. relax. And now there was once a time we didn't have to worry about big ritters come in our yard. But now I think we got in the investment. Looks like we need to call turtle I there. Now, I gotto tell you more. SHE looked not from hub when he turned around. SHE got a face like a canada food. Marian, another bear, please. I hold up though. I'm not going to use that cool. I love your sister, man, and he said, you can't tell her. I said, what are you talking about? Man, we're together. There's no ownership involved. This, whenever I go to school, they're always like, are you american? And like, good man, i'm canadian. It's a good time, you learn. The difference是，there has been some who mails that is not he。These people are fools. They know nothing about food. What is IT with the spiders? They come into my home. I scratch them, and another one comes in. I want to know what goes on inside the little brains. They are lazy, but you need to get the collection. He has already deposited the money that I into account. We are going to be rich. okay? What you need to . do is going to settings, go to network, put in the administrator password, then click reset all internet data. So I into the dark red night sky, and I see the window of the universe before me to arrange, in a certain way, a universe infinite possible. And I class, today we are going to be learning about the entire history of australia, everything you need to know about australia, what that means to be an australian citizen might do. I care? No, I don't. I just want to sit by the boy with the kind of bosses not care about life. OK took minutes walk, but I couldn't burn them. Just a little boot. At least I tried the way, oh no, I got a five hundred door or five, bro. I can't be right. Only start for bit six minutes to get some chips. I didn't realise that was no parking. So let me ask you, what is this? I is a little Better, but is not applicable my wattage of you and your pipe. Other man, hello, I just want to remind you. Body, I don't know what they are running away. There is nothing to be frightened of. Everybody . here is . very safe. Shut up. Whole school day. One, do like totally red men. Like, do like, how did you even do that? Man, like, do man wo do I look good here of the future? Camera ruling will be hiding out of your mother is bad. It's safe under there. Can we build in the report that you speak? Ick, where you, if we spoke at, go go, let me you again here. I totally agree with the british guy kids these days, I got no respect. 这态度出奇。He he, me想喝牛奶吃you。On this, one of the many lions of research I am discovered the SHE for us to create my controller to list control tire population. And a campus guy stole my idea what you like at my hands and his research, and will use a smart st and get to the experiment. Hey there, honey bands, have you ever been england? Like, I really wanna go. Like, I look so cool like, they are accents and like, I wanna see handle the queen like, oh my god, yeah, I went to england vans IT was nice. But when I saw something I didn't like, I was like, nine, nine, nine. And they would like to emergency I, would you like yourself in a next time, time for a real mergenthaler, our bites. I do IT if I, whenever I tried to speak like a real human, people left at me because of my inconsistent tune of voice, left square bracket, right square. I点comfort，22888 eight four you can use me to speak properly，but you will probably use me to say I am the best MLG quick scope mate one me so I can make you and get accepted into phase clan. You have selected one standard package for forty pounds, fifty seven pens. Your reference number is zero, one, one, four, seven, one to one to confirm this, press one to cancel, press two. You have selected one premium package for sixty seven dollars, twenty cents. Your reference number is zero nine, four, four, four, one, eight, four, one to confirm this press, one determined this call. Press in the middle of forest. Get the chair. That was pretty predictable. IT wasn't . IT talk to the hand batteries and saw IT from us. But must is my friend. You don't have any friends. No, IU, I, I, I have two. Number six were extra, a number seven, two, number forty five, one with . cheese and a large solar. Gg, let me help you. yes. So you let me. you, hey, smooth skin. You need something, a drink, maybe anything, anything at all. Haven't you seen a cool before? Have found you? I have joke for you. ready? Knock, knock. Who their humans, humans who kill the humans, kill them all. Come here. We shut down machines, breakfast fans, everyone, child, and die and make a strong. I can do any act in. This is nothing in special, just talking . about breathing to IT so long and special really just grape in嘟嘟嘟嘟嘟嘟嘟嘟lun dena. go for a shoot at the artery range. Well done. He are are in for the pigeon. But that's . not very nice. You said that the privation of unites with mankind. Number one priority. So always wanted give the party to biking for that. I like IT. So there we go. Thanks for watching. Hope you enjoyed. And if you have any questions, please read the video description below and yeah pay some. See了A。 Hey, guys, welcome back to the channel. In today's video, I will be explained some of the pronunciation differences between british english and american english. I'm sure lots of you guys enjoy watching american shows like record or the big bang there. And also british PS, whether is down to not be or show. So some of the words, you may already know the pronunciation differences, but others are going to be a little tRicky. So stay chained. Oh, by the way, a quick disclaimer. Ving quite perfected the american action, but you still be able to have the distinct difference between american english and the british english pronunciation of each word. 喂。In british english, we say water. We pronounced the t sound. In american english, we say water, the t sound becomes . almost . AD sound. We say tomato. You can hear that our sound, we say, tomato, there's no all sound. And again, the tea sound almost becomes AD sound. We say adult. We stress the first simple. We say adult stressing the second . sillam. We say, aunt, you can hear that are sound. We say, and there's no other. And we say defense, we stress the second cilla able. We say defense, stressing the first cilla able. We say sami, we stress the first. We say sami, stressing the second . silver. We say root, we say rot, we say zetta, we say . zebra. we say zz, we say bao, if you know any other words that can act differently in american english, british english, please put in the comments section below. And if you've enjoyed this video, like always hold the light button. Thank you. byebye. Welcome to a new video today. You will guess languages by listening to them. There are twenty five in total, and IT will get harder with each level. Right in the comments, how many you got? right? Lets go. When the french speaking Normans conquered england and became its ruling class, they brought their speech with them, adding a massive amount of french and latin vocabulary. It's english speaking. Normans conquered england and became its ruling class. 我今天来想逛街找朋友，所以是朋友有聚会。对，是来逛街吗？来看文具展，文具展，呵呵。It's madera, 想逛街。找朋友所以是朋友。Ka dubia . the city, it's . spanish and very . you fema for me, her N. It's . araba a. they could you get an to check to the bikes so out, but mark up. It's . hindy. French . because other . women astern astoria nor but done . the actives . stuff at up . it's russian iah readily a ona of go to. It's . port . guess那you put via has。Polish. 万一的。It's . japanese. We want to this in the the democratic government. It's . german . su per sale. It's korean payan only to pay a push for sale. Hi kaa and save dict, please. The book column and you about the lash you, I still say. It's turkish and dict. It's italian into. It's vietnamese, so I they look SHE give SAndra that a oah. It's been, I really go on eight, ten. You go with a lot of money, right? Are a hello, I was still done. It's . finish. It's title . active listening. second one being amErica a and in africa. And only then they throw a gossip. And the major mani. It's dutch, but india the other. 好不好？Indonesian in these factors regain they hardly . like the title me also the example for for cool or a fiscal into school. and we takes some ico. It's . danish. It's . tight. IT. It's . swiss, german thousand . sported dance, or an an sto ANG and hash. It's swedish and was A. It's a garlock tell us in the comments below. See you next time. British versus american english home and building. Boss. bathtub. Dustbin . trash . can. Tap . offset. The cinema. the movies. First floor. second floor. Gordon . backyard. flat. apartment. left. elevator. Reception . front . desk. Sweet . shop Candy store. torch. flashlight. Wardrobe . closing. Toilet. restroom. Cholly . cart. Wash basin. think. Push check.