精品解析：深圳市南山外国语（集团）2025-2026学年高一上学期期中考试英语试卷

深圳市南山外国语学校(集团)高级中学 2025-2026学年第一学期 第一次段考 高一年级 英语试题 试卷共8页，卷面满分140分。考试用时120分钟。 第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可最佳选项。 A The 2023 Barbara Mandigo Kelly Peace Poetry Awards The awards contest is to encourage people to explore peace and the human spirit. There are three age categories (类型): Adult (19&over), Youth (13-18), and Youth (12&under). The yearly contest is open to people worldwide. Your poems must be unpublished and in English. Deadline All entries (参赛作品) must be submitted (提交) by July 1, 2023. Entry Fee Adults: $15 Youth (13-18): $5 Youth (12 & under): no fee Notes 1. You may submit up to three unpublished poems. At most 30 lines per poem. 2. Include name, address, email, telephone number, and age in the upper right-hand corner of each poem. For the Youth (12&under) category, please also include your school’s name and your teacher’s name. 3. Title each poem. 4. Please keep copies of all entries as we will be unable to return. 5. Email your entries to: cwarner@napf.org and click here to pay your entry fee online; or send your entries and entry fee to Nuclear Age Peace Foundation, 1622 Anacapa Street, Santa Barbara, CA93101. Awards Adult Winner — $1,000 Youth (13-18) Winner — $200 Youth (12 under) Winner — $200 Winners will be notified by email and announced by October 1, 2023 on our website. Past years’ winning poems can be found here. 1. What can we learn about the contest? A. It includes two groups. B. It is held every three years. C. It only accepts poems in English. D. It is open to people aged 12 and over. 2. To enter the contest, what must a 12-year-old boy do? A. Pay an entry fee of $5. B. Write a poem of at least 30 lines. C. Hand in his entry by October 1, 2023. D. Include his teacher’s name in his entry. 3. How can one know the result of the contest? A. By calling the Nuclear Age Peace Foundation. B. By visiting the organizer’s website. C. By checking with the local post office. D. By waiting for a formal letter in October. B The jack fruit is a delicious fruit found throughout certain parts of Asia. But there is more to the fruit than just its taste. When considering the fruit’s English name, it is easy to become overwhelmed with questions like: “Who is Jack? And why does he have his own fruit?” Surprisingly, “jack fruit isn’t a person’s name at all. The fruit’s name originally comes from the southern Indian word chakka pazham, with India thought to be the fruit’s place or origin. Portuguese explorers who journeyed to this region went on to call it jack, which leads us to the current English name of jack fruit, according to National Public Radio (NPR). Unfortunately, no one called Jack has been proven to be involved at any point in this process. There is another food, however, that was directly named after a person — the sandwich. In the 48th century, playing card games late into the night became fashionable in British high society. John Montagu, the 4th Earl of Sandwich, started the habit of ordering pieces of cold beef between two pieces of bread in order to get a late-night snack without having to leave the gaming table or use a knife and fork. This newly-created snack kept hands clean so card players could continue on without dirtying their cards. The midnight snack quickly became popular among everyday people, and before long everyone was making their own sandwiches. That is how the sandwich was invented and got its name. Away from the world of food, there are more examples of names inspired by people. Long johns, the warm trousers that keep us warm in winter, are said to have been named after the US boxer John L. Sullivan who took to wearing a similar type of garment in the ring (比赛). There are many other interesting etymologies (词源) in the English language like these. So the next time you find an interesting name, why not explore its history too? 4. Where does the jack fruit’s name come from? A. A place in India. B. An Indian word. C. A Portuguese explorer. D. A discoverer of the fruit. 5 What do we know about the sandwich according to the text? A. It was named after a popular card game. B. It was once eaten as a snack in the daytime. C. It was first popular among the UK’s middle class. D. It was created for the convenience of playing card games. 6. The author mentions “long johns” in the passage to ________. A. explain how boxers dressed in the ring in the past B. show another example of things named after people C. describe the type of clothing that keeps people warm D. compare it with the sandwich in terms of popularity 7. What is the author’s purpose in writing this article? A. To raise readers’ interest in etymology. B. To introduce things named after people. C. To stress the importance of learning history. D. To explain the effects of people’s names on food. C Before going abroad, I was very concerned about culture shock, but it turned out that I had a harder time dealing with reverse (逆向的) culture shock when returning home. Coming back has been a tougher transition than expected. It’s not just about transitioning back to home life; it’s also about handling the strange situation of being a different person in the same old environment. I am most terrified of waking up in a few months and feeling like I’m the same person I was before I studied abroad. This situation is especially strange with people who have known me for a long time, like my parents, who witnessed all my major life changes before this one. I didn’t realize how much I’d changed until I interacted with them and close friends. Despite only being away for three and a half months, I quickly noticed the differences between who I was before and who I am now. Over the past few weeks at home, I’ve been wondering how to maintain the positive changes and qualities gained from my semester abroad. I’ve realized that surroundings and situations greatly influence mindset, and keeping a certain mindset while losing its corresponding (相对应的) environment is challenging. For instance, being in Madrid taught me to be more relaxed and stress-free. However, returning to Penn State with its demanding course load makes maintaining that mentality (心态) difficult. I’ve come to realize the problem that perpetual stress about school isn’t healthy, especially after experiencing a semester of travel, fun, and academic success. Therefore, I’ve decided to work hard and study as usual but occasionally give myself a break, and do what I can to avoid getting over-stressed about tests and assignments. This means I will put in effort when necessary in order to make sure I am always caught up or ahead of class material. Coming home has been more challenging than expected, but I’m confident I’ll get through it in the next few weeks. Nevertheless, I’m determined to maintain the important lessons I learned about myself and others in Madrid. 8. What was the author’s biggest concern when returning home? A. Going back to his original self. B. Adapting to new surroundings. C. Experiencing culture shock. D. Missing old acquaintances. 9. What did the author realize after returning home? A. He should make his family familiar with his positive changes. B. He should change his mentality to care less about his study. C. He should adapt his mindset to fit into the old learning environment. D. He should apply himself to his study to stay ahead of class. 10. What does the underlined word “perpetual” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Current. B. Improper. C. Unnecessary. D. Continuous. 11. What is the passage mainly about? A. The sufferings of reverse culture shock. B. The reflections on personal growth. C. The adaptations to new environments. D. The success in academic performance. D Anyone who’s lived through middle school knows those years can be particularly challenging. Some researches show youths across the U.S. are struggling with mental health. The physical health benefits of bike riding have been well-documented. Wilson, a researcher at Loma Linda University School of Medicine, and his co-authors carried out a new study to see if taking part in a cycling program could result in measurable changes in mind for teenagers. The study involved more than 1,200 students, ages 11 to 14. Students participated in a cycling class for at least three days a week, for a period of 6 weeks. They learned cycling safety and practicing skills outdoors while raising their heart rate and just having fun. The students completed standardized questionnaires before and after the program designed to measure their health. “We know cycling can benefit the body. Our research shows how it benefits the mind and social relationships as well. Bike riding can be an ideal activity for adolescents because of the benefits it offers” said Wilson. “Cycling engages several parts of brain function. You are looking at your hearing, you’re balancing, you’re navigating and turning. Oftentimes, you’re doing it with someone else, so there’s the positive effect of company or group activity,” said Allan Reiss, a professor at Stanford University School of Medicine. While exercise has powerful mental health benefits, it’s not universal. For example, previous research has shown that teenage girls are at higher risk of mental health problems like depression and anxiety than boys. The current study found that, while middle school girls reported increased well-being after participating in the cycling program, that increase “may just reach the kind of baseline level for male students,” Wilson said. And other aspects of healthy living are also important, noted Wilson. The study found that teenagers who didn’t limit screen time to a maximum of two hours a day, or who got less than the recommended 8.5 hours of sleep, saw less improvement in their well-being, he said. 12. What does the new study mainly focus on? A. Challenges in middle school. B. Youths in America. C. Physical benefits of cycling. D. Mental effects of bike riding. 13. What did the students do in the program? A. Attend the cycling class for a week. B. Learn how to keep safe while cycling. C. Raise their heart rate by cycling indoors. D. Design questions to measure their health. 14. What is Reiss’s attitude to the result of the study? A. Supportive. B. Doubtful. C. Unclear. D. Negative. 15. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Application of the research results. B. Doubts about the research methods. C. Further explanation of the research findings. D. Supporting evidence from previous research. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 It is well known that humans need meaningful social connection. ____16____ The stronger our relationships are, the more likely we are to live better. So how do we deepen friendships in our lives? Shower them with affection. We often think of affection as love we show in romantic relationships. But affection is more than holding hands and kissing. ____17____ There are many ways you can show love to your friends. Tell them how much they mean to you. Remind them you are grateful to know them. These simple acts provide security in the relationship. ____18____ Being generous with your friends is an easy way to develop your friendships. If you’re a gym rat, you could help your friend train for a coming race they have. Or if your friend is applying for a university, you can use your research and analysis skills to put together a presentation for them. Share your joys, struggles and even guilt. Think about how good it feels to tell a friend you secretly like a boring TV show and hear them respond “me too!” ____19____ Many people hold the view that it can be scary to be open with our feelings. It can come with the risk of shame or rejection. But people are less likely to reject you for being weak than you think. Don’t hide your disagreements. It’s hard to deal with conflict in friendships. People often see them as something that should be fun and lighthearted, so they ignore problems when they arise. ____20____ It might be painful at first, but it shows you want to be honest with them, and that you want to make your relationship better. A. Tell them how much you value them. B. Value them with your skills and talents. C. It’s about communicating love and appreciation. D. In fact, it’s linked to our mental and physical health. E. It means they accept us for who we are, the good and the bad. F. People feel hurt when someone doesn’t keep their private information. G. But dealing with conflict in a healthy way can deepen your friendships. 第二部分 语言运用(共五节，满分5分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I spent ten years living and working in Australia, which felt like a never-ending adventure far away from my family. When the time came for me, armed with the belief that my strong ____21____ to reconnect with family and my ____22____ decision to return would make the transition (过渡) easy, I decided to come back to my ____23____. Little did I know how ____24____ I was. I was ready for many but what I hadn’t expected was feeling like a complete ____25____ in my own homeland. The vibes in Australia and my hometown were quite different. But the real ____26____ was trying to chat with my family. Our conversations felt ____27____, like we were speaking different languages. While they talked about day-to-day life, I found myself ____28____ to share my tales of weekend trips to the ocean and forests. Our shared history felt like an old, uncomfortable jacket that didn’t quite ____29____ anymore. I ____30____ that transitions, even when you have the best intentions, are never ____31____. But I also got to know the great importance of ____32____, both with myself and with my loved ones. Slowly but surely, I began to find a new pattern, ____33____ the best of both worlds. And you know what I’ve ____34____ felt more at peace to myself. It’s like I had to step outside my comfort zone to really grow and ____35____ what matters most to me. 21. A. resistance B. desire C. promise D. curiosity 22. A. intentional B. permanent C. tough D. crucial 23. A. apartment B. school C. hometown D. company 24. A. lucky B. lonely C. wrong D. crazy 25. A. victim B. failure C. burden D. foreigner 26. A. thing B. responsibility C. task D. challenge 27. A. funny B. serious C. lengthy D. awkward 28. A. forgetting B. longing C. pretending D. fearing 29. A. last B. matter C. fit D. work 30. A. predicted B. realized C. remembered D. proved 31 A. necessary B. complex C. painful D. smooth 32. A. patience B. familiarity C. satisfaction D. honesty 33. A. combining B. imagining C. offering D. admitting 34. A. often B. still C. never D. nearly 35. A. fight for B. figure out C. let go of D. put up with 第二节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 单项选择，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 36. — Do you know if Betty ________ to Beijing next week? — She will ring me up when she ________ there. A. comes, will arrive B. comes, arrives C. will come, arrives D. come, will arrive 37. The book she had looked forward to ________ yesterday. A. publishing B. was published C. being published D. had been published 38. It is reported that a space station ______ on the moon in years to come. A. will be building B. will be built C. has been building D. has been built 39. The four of our club ______ around Sanya for about a month last summer. A. have travelled B. travelled C. had travelled D. travel 40. She stared at the painting, wondering where she ________ it. A. saw B. has seen C. sees D. had seen 41. Susan has quit her well-paid job and ________ as a volunteer in the neighborhood these days. A. is working B. works C. has worked D. had worked 42. Great changes ________ in our hometown in the past five years. A. have taken place B. have been happening C. have been happened D. have been taken place 43. John told his parents about the cities and the people ________ he had visited A. who B. which C. that D. where 44. He lives in the room, ________ window faces the south. A. which B. of which C. whose D. where 45. The place ________ we visited yesterday is the house ________ the great leader used to live. A where; where B. that; which C. where; which D. which; where 46. I ________ along the street looking for a place to park ________ the accident happened . A. went, when B. went, while C. was going, when D. was going, while 47. Can you imagine ________? A. what he told me then B. what did he tell me then C. how he told me then D. how did he tell me then 48. He can work hard but he needs a nudge ________. A. one by one B. now and then C. in particular D. in panic 49. This is the very dictionary we need to ________ and that is why I bought it. A. relate to B. refer to C. subscribe to D. apply to 50. With such an important decision ________, why not listen to your mom before ________? A. to make, having butterflies in your stomach B. to be made, having a frog in one’s throat C. to be made, taking the lead D. to make, jumping in with both feet 第三节 词块填空(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分) 词块填空 Last weekend, Lina and I went hiking. When we got lost in the forest, I started walking ____51____ (惊慌失措地), but Lina stayed calm. She said we shouldn’t be ____52____ (承受压力) — we just needed to find the path. We couldn’t ____53____ our phones because there was no signal. Lina suggested we ____54____ (处理) the problem step by step: first find a high place to look for signs, then follow the river. ____55____ (尤其), she told me to watch out for sharp stones on the ground. ____56____ (谈到) staying safe, Lina said it’s important to ____57____ (专注于) the surroundings. When I felt scared again, she taught me to take slow breaths to ____58____ (冷静下来). Finally, we found our way back before sunset. Now, we’re both ____59____ (期待) to our next hike. We’ll be more prepared and won’t ____60____ our map (把……抛在脑后) this time! 第四节 新概念填空(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 61. He slept very well for the first two nights, but on the third night, a storm ________ ________. (根据句意填空) 62. She ________________ it for some time then added, “You don’t need bookcases at all.” (根据句意填空) 63. It took me ten minutes to persuade her to ________________ later. (根据句意填空) 64. After ________ ________ the rude assistant, she asked for the same dress. Not realizing who she was, the assistant was eager to serve her this time. (根据句意填空) 65. As the neighbors complained of the noise, my husband spent weeks training him to ________ his paw ________ the latch to let himself in. (根据句意填空) 第五节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 My name is Adam and I’m a freshman at senior high school. I’m experiencing ____66____ (anxious) because in the first week I was a little ____67____ (confuse) about what to do. First, I had to decide which courses to choose. My adviser recommended that I sign up ____68____ literature because I like English and I’m good at it. I know that Chinese is a very difficult language, ____69____ I hope to be fluent when I graduate. I had to choose extra- curricular activities, too. I tried to join the school football team, but to my disappointment, the coach told me that I didn’t play well enough. It was obvious that I was ____70____ (happy), but I won’t quit. I will make all efforts to make a great ____71____ (improve). There is a lot for me ____72____ (explore)on my own so that I can make the team next year. I know I’ll have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to ____73____ (take) responsibility for a lot more. Still, I’m delighted to be there. Studying hard isn’t always fun, but I’ll be well prepared for university or ____74____ else comes in the future. I ____75____ (true) feel more confident than before. 第三部分 写作(共一节，满分15分) 76. 假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Tony最近选修了中文课程。他来邮件向你咨询学好中文的方法。请你回一封邮件。内容包括： 1. 提出建议； 2. 表达祝愿。 注意：1. 词数：80词左右； 2. 内容应包括以上要点，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Tony, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 深圳市南山外国语学校(集团)高级中学 2025-2026学年第一学期 第一次段考 高一年级 英语试题 试卷共8页，卷面满分140分。考试用时120分钟。 第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可最佳选项。 A The 2023 Barbara Mandigo Kelly Peace Poetry Awards The awards contest is to encourage people to explore peace and the human spirit. There are three age categories (类型): Adult (19&over), Youth (13-18), and Youth (12&under). The yearly contest is open to people worldwide. Your poems must be unpublished and in English. Deadline All entries (参赛作品) must be submitted (提交) by July 1, 2023. Entry Fee Adults: $15 Youth (13-18): $5 Youth (12 & under): no fee Notes 1. You may submit up to three unpublished poems. At most 30 lines per poem. 2. Include name, address, email, telephone number, and age in the upper right-hand corner of each poem. For the Youth (12&under) category, please also include your school’s name and your teacher’s name. 3. Title each poem. 4. Please keep copies of all entries as we will be unable to return. 5. Email your entries to: cwarner@napf.org and click here to pay your entry fee online; or send your entries and entry fee to Nuclear Age Peace Foundation, 1622 Anacapa Street, Santa Barbara, CA93101. Awards Adult Winner — $1,000 Youth (13-18) Winner — $200 Youth (12 under) Winner — $200 Winners will be notified by email and announced by October 1, 2023 on our website. Past years’ winning poems can be found here. 1. What can we learn about the contest? A. It includes two groups. B. It is held every three years. C. It only accepts poems in English. D. It is open to people aged 12 and over. 2. To enter the contest, what must a 12-year-old boy do? A. Pay an entry fee of $5. B. Write a poem of at least 30 lines. C. Hand in his entry by October 1, 2023. D. Include his teacher’s name in his entry. 3. How can one know the result of the contest? A. By calling the Nuclear Age Peace Foundation. B. By visiting the organizer’s website. C. By checking with the local post office. D. By waiting for a formal letter in October. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍2023年和平诗歌奖的赛事规则与相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Your poems must be unpublished and in English. (你的诗歌必须是未发表过的，且需用英文创作)”可知，该比赛只接受英文诗歌，故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Notes部分的第2点中“For the Youth (12&under) category, please also include your school’s name and your teacher’s name. (针对12岁及以下青少年组别的参赛者，还需在作品中注明所在学校名称及指导老师姓名)”可知，一个12岁的男孩参赛时必须在他的作品中注明老师的名字，故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Awards部分中“Winners will be notified by email and announced by October 1, 2023 on our website. (获奖者将通过电子邮件收到通知，并于2023年10月1日在主办方网站上公布)”可知，可以通过访问主办方网站来了解比赛结果，故选B。 B The jack fruit is a delicious fruit found throughout, certain parts of Asia. But there is more to the fruit than just its taste. When considering the fruit’s English name, it is easy to become overwhelmed with questions like: “Who is Jack? And why does he have his own fruit?” Surprisingly, “jack fruit isn’t a person’s name at all. The fruit’s name originally comes from the southern Indian word chakka pazham, with India thought to be the fruit’s place or origin. Portuguese explorers who journeyed to this region went on to call it jack, which leads us to the current English name of jack fruit, according to National Public Radio (NPR). Unfortunately, no one called Jack has been proven to be involved at any point in this process. There is another food, however, that was directly named after a person — the sandwich. In the 48th century, playing card games late into the night became fashionable in British high society. John Montagu, the 4th Earl of Sandwich, started the habit of ordering pieces of cold beef between two pieces of bread in order to get a late-night snack without having to leave the gaming table or use a knife and fork. This newly-created snack kept hands clean so card players could continue on without dirtying their cards. The midnight snack quickly became popular among everyday people, and before long everyone was making their own sandwiches. That is how the sandwich was invented and got its name. Away from the world of food, there are more examples of names inspired by people. Long johns, the warm trousers that keep us warm in winter, are said to have been named after the US boxer John L. Sullivan who took to wearing a similar type of garment in the ring (比赛). There are many other interesting etymologies (词源) in the English language like these. So the next time you find an interesting name, why not explore its history too? 4. Where does the jack fruit’s name come from? A. A place in India. B. An Indian word. C. A Portuguese explorer. D. A discoverer of the fruit. 5. What do we know about the sandwich according to the text? A. It was named after a popular card game. B. It was once eaten as a snack in the daytime. C. It was first popular among the UK’s middle class. D. It was created for the convenience of playing card games. 6. The author mentions “long johns” in the passage to ________. A. explain how boxers dressed in the ring in the past B. show another example of things named after people C. describe the type of clothing that keeps people warm D. compare it with the sandwich in terms of popularity 7. What is the author’s purpose in writing this article? A. To raise readers’ interest in etymology. B. To introduce things named after people. C. To stress the importance of learning history. D. To explain the effects of people’s names on food. 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍多款事物名称的由来，激发读者对词源的兴趣。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The fruit’s name originally comes from the southern Indian word chakka pazham, with India thought to be the fruit’s place or origin. (这种水果的名字最初来源于印度南部的词汇“chakka pazham”，而印度被认为是该水果的原产地。)”可知，菠萝蜜的名字最初来源于一个印度词汇。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“John Montagu, the 4th Earl of Sandwich, started the habit of ordering pieces of cold beef between two pieces of bread in order to get a late-night snack without having to leave the gaming table or use a knife and fork. (三明治第四代伯爵约翰・蒙塔古养成了这样一种习惯：点一份夹在两片面包之间的冷牛肉当夜宵，这样既不用离开牌桌，也无需使用刀叉。)”以及第四段中“This newly-created snack kept hands clean so card players could continue on without dirtying their cards. (这种新创制的零食能让手保持干净，这样打牌的人就可以继续玩牌，而不会弄脏牌面)。”可知，三明治的发明是为了方便玩纸牌游戏。故选D。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“Away from the world of food, there are more examples of names inspired by people. Long johns, the warm trousers that keep us warm in winter, are said to have been named after the US boxer John L. Sullivan who took to wearing a similar type of garment in the ring (比赛). (除了食物领域，还有更多名字源于人物的例子。秋裤（long johns）是一种能在冬天为我们保暖的厚长裤，据说它是以美国拳击手约翰・L・沙利文的名字命名的，他曾在比赛中穿着一款类似的服饰。)”可推知，作者提到“long johns”是为了展示另一个以人名命名的事物的例子。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“There are many other interesting etymologies (词源) in the English language like these. So the next time you find an interesting name, why not explore its history too? (英语中还有许多像这样有趣的词源。所以，下次当你发现一个有意思的名称时，为何不也探究一下它的历史呢？)”可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是激发读者对词源学的兴趣。故选A。 C Before going abroad, I was very concerned about culture shock, but it turned out that I had a harder time dealing with reverse (逆向的) culture shock when returning home. Coming back has been a tougher transition than expected. It’s not just about transitioning back to home life; it’s also about handling the strange situation of being a different person in the same old environment. I am most terrified of waking up in a few months and feeling like I’m the same person I was before I studied abroad. This situation is especially strange with people who have known me for a long time, like my parents, who witnessed all my major life changes before this one. I didn’t realize how much I’d changed until I interacted with them and close friends. Despite only being away for three and a half months, I quickly noticed the differences between who I was before and who I am now. Over the past few weeks at home, I’ve been wondering how to maintain the positive changes and qualities gained from my semester abroad. I’ve realized that surroundings and situations greatly influence mindset, and keeping a certain mindset while losing its corresponding (相对应) environment is challenging. For instance, being in Madrid taught me to be more relaxed and stress-free. However, returning to Penn State with its demanding course load makes maintaining that mentality (心态) difficult. I’ve come to realize the problem that perpetual stress about school isn’t healthy, especially after experiencing a semester of travel, fun, and academic success. Therefore, I’ve decided to work hard and study as usual but occasionally give myself a break, and do what I can to avoid getting over-stressed about tests and assignments. This means I will put in effort when necessary in order to make sure I am always caught up or ahead of class material. Coming home has been more challenging than expected, but I’m confident I’ll get through it in the next few weeks. Nevertheless, I’m determined to maintain the important lessons I learned about myself and others in Madrid. 8. What was the author’s biggest concern when returning home? A. Going back to his original self. B. Adapting to new surroundings. C. Experiencing culture shock. D. Missing old acquaintances. 9. What did the author realize after returning home? A. He should make his family familiar with his positive changes. B. He should change his mentality to care less about his study. C. He should adapt his mindset to fit into the old learning environment. D. He should apply himself to his study to stay ahead of class. 10. What does the underlined word “perpetual” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Current. B. Improper. C. Unnecessary. D. Continuous. 11. What is the passage mainly about? A. The sufferings of reverse culture shock. B. The reflections on personal growth. C. The adaptations to new environments. D. The success in academic performance. 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者最初担心出国时的文化冲击，但发现回国后的适应其实更困难。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Before going abroad, I was very concerned about culture shock, but it turned out that I had a harder time dealing with reverse (逆向的) culture shock when returning home. Coming back has been a tougher transition than expected. It’s not just about transitioning back to home life; it’s also about handling the strange situation of being a different person in the same old environment. I am most terrified of waking up in a few months and feeling like I’m the same person I was before I studied abroad.”（在出国之前，我非常担心文化冲击，但事实证明，当我回国时，我很难应对逆向文化冲击。回归后的过渡期比预期的要艰难。这不仅仅是回到家庭生活；这也是关于在相同的旧环境中处理不同的人的奇怪情况。我最害怕的是几个月后醒来，感觉自己还是出国留学前的那个我）可知，作者回国后最担心的是回到原来的自己。故选A项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Over the past few weeks at home, I’ve been wondering how to maintain the positive changes and qualities gained from my semester abroad.”（在过去的几周里，我一直在思考如何保持我在国外学期所获得的积极变化和品质）以及第三段中“I’ve realized that surroundings and situations greatly influence mindset, and keeping a certain mindset while losing its corresponding(相对应的)environment is challenging.”（我意识到环境和情形对心态有很大的影响，在失去相应环境的同时保持某种心态是很有挑战性的）可知，作者回国后意识到他应该调整自己的心态，以适应原来的学习环境。故选C项。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线单词句中“…especially after experiencing a semester of travel, fun, and academic success.”（尤其是在经历了一个学期的旅行、娱乐和学业成功之后）以及第三段中“Therefore, I’ve decided to work hard and study as usual but occasionally give myself a break, and do what I can to avoid getting over-stressed about tests and assignments. This means I will put in effort when necessary in order to make sure I am always caught up or ahead of class material.”（因此，我决定像往常一样努力学习，偶尔让自己休息一下，尽我所能避免考试和作业带来的过度压力。这意味着我会在必要的时候付出努力，以确保我总是赶上或领先于课堂材料）可知，此处为我开始意识到学校的持续的压力并不健康。故可猜测划线单词perpetual为“持续的”意思，与D项Continuous“持续不断的”意思一致。故选D项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容以及第一段“Before going abroad, I was very concerned about culture shock, but it turned out that I had a harder time dealing with reverse (逆向的) culture shock when returning home. Coming back has been a tougher transition than expected. It’s not just about transitioning back to home life; it’s also about handling the strange situation of being a different person in the same old environment. I am most terrified of waking up in a few months and feeling like I’m the same person I was before I studied abroad.”（在出国之前，我非常担心文化冲击，但事实证明，当我回国时，我很难应对逆向文化冲击。回归后的过渡期比预期的要艰难。这不仅仅是回到家庭生活；这也是关于在相同的旧环境中处理不同的人的奇怪情况。我最害怕的是几个月后醒来，感觉自己还是出国留学前的那个我）和最后一段“Coming home has been more challenging than expected, but I’m confident I’ll get through it in the next few weeks. ”（回家的过程比想象中更有挑战性，但我有信心在接下来的几周内度过难关）可知，文章主要讲的作者最初担心出国时的文化冲击，但发现回国后的适应其实更困难。由此可知，文章主要讲述了逆向文化冲击带来的痛苦。故选A项。 D Anyone who’s lived through middle school knows those years can be particularly challenging. Some researches show youths across the U.S. are struggling with mental health. The physical health benefits of bike riding have been well-documented. Wilson, a researcher at Loma Linda University School of Medicine, and his co-authors carried out a new study to see if taking part in a cycling program could result in measurable changes in mind for teenagers. The study involved more than 1,200 students, ages 11 to 14. Students participated in a cycling class for at least three days a week, for a period of 6 weeks. They learned cycling safety and practicing skills outdoors while raising their heart rate and just having fun. The students completed standardized questionnaires before and after the program designed to measure their health. “We know cycling can benefit the body. Our research shows how it benefits the mind and social relationships as well. Bike riding can be an ideal activity for adolescents because of the benefits it offers,” said Wilson. “Cycling engages several parts of brain function. You are looking at your hearing, you’re balancing, you’re navigating and turning. Oftentimes, you’re doing it with someone else, so there’s the positive effect of company or group activity,” said Allan Reiss, a professor at Stanford University School of Medicine. While exercise has powerful mental health benefits, it’s not universal. For example, previous research has shown that teenage girls are at higher risk of mental health problems like depression and anxiety than boys. The current study found that, while middle school girls reported increased well-being after participating in the cycling program, that increase “may just reach the kind of baseline level for male students,” Wilson said. And other aspects of healthy living are also important, noted Wilson. The study found that teenagers who didn’t limit screen time to a maximum of two hours a day, or who got less than the recommended 8.5 hours of sleep, saw less improvement in their well-being, he said. 12. What does the new study mainly focus on? A. Challenges in middle school. B. Youths in America. C. Physical benefits of cycling. D. Mental effects of bike riding. 13. What did the students do in the program? A. Attend the cycling class for a week. B. Learn how to keep safe while cycling. C. Raise their heart rate by cycling indoors. D. Design questions to measure their health. 14. What is Reiss’s attitude to the result of the study? A. Supportive. B. Doubtful. C. Unclear. D. Negative. 15. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Application of the research results. B. Doubts about the research methods. C. Further explanation of the research findings. D. Supporting evidence from previous research. 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的研究发现，骑自行车除了可以锻炼身体，还对青少年的大脑和社会关系有好处，且这种好处会有性别差异，也受到其他健康因素的影响。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Wilson, a researcher at Loma Linda University School of Medicine, and his co-authors carried out a new study to see if taking part in a cycling program could result in measurable changes in mind for teenagers. (洛马林达大学医学院的研究人员Wilson和他的合著者进行了一项新的研究，看看参加自行车项目是否会给青少年的思想带来可衡量的变化。)”可知，这项新研究关注骑自行车对青少年精神的影响。故选D项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“They learned cycling safety and practicing skills outdoors while raising their heart rate and just having fun. (在提高心率和享受乐趣的同时，他们学习了骑自行车的安全，在户外练习技巧。)”可知，在该项目中学生学习如何在骑自行车时保持安全。故选B项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中Wilson所说的话“Our research shows how it benefits the mind and social relationships as well. (我们的研究表明，它对大脑和社会关系也有好处)”可知，该研究发现骑自行车也有益于大脑和社会关系；再结合第四段中Reiss所说的话“Cycling engages several parts of brain function. You are looking at your hearing, you’re balancing, you’re navigating and turning. Oftentimes, you’re doing it with someone else, so there’s the positive effect of company or group activity (骑自行车涉及大脑的几个部分的功能。你在留心你听到的东西，你在平衡，你在操纵和转弯。通常，你是和别人一起做的，所以陪伴或团体活动有积极的影响)”可知，Reiss也认为骑自行车可以锻炼大脑的多个功能，且其过程中的陪伴或团体活动有积极意义。由此推知，Reiss对研究发现持支持的态度。故选A项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段内容，尤其是其中的“While exercise has powerful mental health benefits, it’s not universal. (虽然运动对精神健康有很大的好处，但并不是普遍的)”和“And other aspects of healthy living are also important, noted Wilson. (Wilson指出，健康生活的其他方面也很重要)”可知，本段从两个方面对研究结果做出进一步的解释，一是骑自行车对精神健康的好处存在性别差异，女孩少于男孩，二是其他有关健康生活的因素也会影响这种好处的大小，例如屏幕时间和睡眠时间的长短。故选C项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 It is well known that humans need meaningful social connection. ____16____ The stronger our relationships are, the more likely we are to live better. So how do we deepen friendships in our lives? Shower them with affection. We often think of affection as love we show in romantic relationships. But affection is more than holding hands and kissing. ____17____ There are many ways you can show love to your friends. Tell them how much they mean to you. Remind them you are grateful to know them. These simple acts provide security in the relationship. ____18____ Being generous with your friends is an easy way to develop your friendships. If you’re a gym rat, you could help your friend train for a coming race they have. Or if your friend is applying for a university, you can use your research and analysis skills to put together a presentation for them. Share your joys, struggles and even guilt. Think about how good it feels to tell a friend you secretly like a boring TV show and hear them respond “me too!” ____19____ Many people hold the view that it can be scary to be open with our feelings. It can come with the risk of shame or rejection. But people are less likely to reject you for being weak than you think. Don’t hide your disagreements. It’s hard to deal with conflict in friendships. People often see them as something that should be fun and lighthearted, so they ignore problems when they arise. ____20____ It might be painful at first, but it shows you want to be honest with them, and that you want to make your relationship better. A. Tell them how much you value them. B. Value them with your skills and talents. C. It’s about communicating love and appreciation. D. In fact, it’s linked to our mental and physical health. E. It means they accept us for who we are, the good and the bad. F. People feel hurt when someone doesn’t keep their private information. G. But dealing with conflict in a healthy way can deepen your friendships. 【答案】16. D 17. C 18. B 19. E 20. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何加深友谊提出了一些建议。 【16题详解】 根据上文“It is well known that humans need meaningful social connection.(众所周知，人类需要有意义的社会联系)”以及后文“The stronger our relationships are, the more likely we are to live better. So how do we deepen friendships in our lives?(我们的关系越牢固，我们就越有可能生活得更好。那么我们如何在生活中加深友谊呢？)”可知，后文提到了关系有助于生活得更好，说明社会联系与身心健康有关，故D选项“事实上，它与我们的身心健康有关”符合语境，故选D。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Shower them with affection. We often think of affection as love we show in romantic relationships. But affection is more than holding hands and kissing.(用爱浇灌他们。我们通常认为感情是我们在恋爱关系中表现出来的爱。但感情不仅仅是牵手和亲吻)”可知，本句是在说明感情真正的内涵：关于爱和感激的交流。故C选项“这是关于爱和感激的交流”符合语境，故选C。 【18题详解】 根据本段内容“Being generous with your friends is an easy way to develop your friendships. If you’re a gym rat, you could help your friend train for a coming race they have. Or if your friend is applying for a university, you can use your research and analysis skills to put together a presentation for them.(对朋友慷慨大方是发展友谊的一个简单方法。如果你是一个健身狂，你可以帮助你的朋友为即将到来的比赛进行训练。或者如果你的朋友正在申请一所大学，你可以用你的研究和分析技能为他们准备一份报告)”可知，后文提到了用研究和分析技能为朋友准备报告，可知本段的主旨是利用技能来评价朋友。故B选项“用你的技能和才能来评价他们”符合语境，故选B。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Share your joys, struggles and even guilt. Think about how good it feels to tell a friend you secretly like a boring TV show and hear them respond “me too!”(分享你的快乐，挣扎，甚至内疚。想象一下，当你告诉一个朋友你偷偷喜欢一个无聊的电视节目，然后听到他们回答“我也是!”)”可知，本句承接上文，说明表示赞同的意义：意味着他们接受我们本来的样子，不管是好是坏。故E选项“这意味着他们接受我们本来的样子，不管是好是坏”符合语境，故选E。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Don’t hide your disagreements. It’s hard to deal with conflict in friendships. People often see them as something that should be fun and lighthearted, so they ignore problems when they arise.(不要隐藏你的分歧。在友谊中处理冲突是很难的。人们通常认为它们应该是有趣和轻松的，所以当问题出现时，他们忽略了)”以及后文“It might be painful at first, but it shows you want to be honest with them, and that you want to make your relationship better.(一开始可能会很痛苦，但这表明你想对他们诚实，你想让你们的关系更好)”可知，上文提到忽视问题，后文提到感到痛苦，推测本句与上文构成转折，指出如何处理冲突的方法，故G选项“但是以健康的方式处理冲突可以加深你们的友谊”符合语境，故选G。 第二部分 语言运用(共五节，满分5分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I spent ten years living and working in Australia, which felt like a never-ending adventure far away from my family. When the time came for me, armed with the belief that my strong ____21____ to reconnect with family and my ____22____ decision to return would make the transition (过渡) easy, I decided to come back to my ____23____. Little did I know how ____24____ I was. I was ready for many but what I hadn’t expected was feeling like a complete ____25____ in my own homeland. The vibes in Australia and my hometown were quite different. But the real ____26____ was trying to chat with my family. Our conversations felt ____27____, like we were speaking different languages. While they talked about day-to-day life, I found myself ____28____ to share my tales of weekend trips to the ocean and forests. Our shared history felt like an old, uncomfortable jacket that didn’t quite ____29____ anymore. I ____30____ that transitions, even when you have the best intentions, are never ____31____. But I also got to know the great importance of ____32____, both with myself and with my loved ones. Slowly but surely, I began to find a new pattern, ____33____ the best of both worlds. And you know what I’ve ____34____ felt more at peace to myself. It’s like I had to step outside my comfort zone to really grow and ____35____ what matters most to me. 21. A. resistance B. desire C. promise D. curiosity 22. A. intentional B. permanent C. tough D. crucial 23. A. apartment B. school C. hometown D. company 24. A. lucky B. lonely C. wrong D. crazy 25. A. victim B. failure C. burden D. foreigner 26. A. thing B. responsibility C. task D. challenge 27. A. funny B. serious C. lengthy D. awkward 28. A. forgetting B. longing C. pretending D. fearing 29. A. last B. matter C. fit D. work 30. A. predicted B. realized C. remembered D. proved 31. A. necessary B. complex C. painful D. smooth 32. A. patience B. familiarity C. satisfaction D. honesty 33. A. combining B. imagining C. offering D. admitting 34. A. often B. still C. never D. nearly 35. A. fight for B. figure out C. let go of D. put up with 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. D 26. D 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. A 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者讲述了自己在澳大利亚生活十年后回到家乡，经历了文化和情感上的过渡困难，最终有所领悟的故事。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时机成熟时，我相信我与家人重新建立联系的渴望和我回归的决定会让过渡变得容易，于是我决定回到我的家乡。A. resistance抵抗；B. desire渴望；C. promise承诺；D. curiosity好奇心。根据前文“I spent ten years living and working in Australia, which felt like a never-ending adventure far away from my family.”以及后文“to reconnect with family”可知，此处是指离家十年，强烈渴望与家人重建联系。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当时机成熟时，我相信我与家人重新建立联系的渴望和我回归的决定会让过渡变得容易，于是我决定回到我的家乡。A. intentional有意的；B. permanent永久的；C. tough艰难的；D. crucial关键的。根据后文“decision to return would make the transition (过渡) easy”可知，此处指作者长年在外，渴望与家人团聚，所以回家是一个有意为之的决定。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时机成熟时，我相信我与家人重新建立联系的渴望和我回归的决定会让过渡变得容易，于是我决定回到我的家乡。A. apartment公寓；B. school学校；C. hometown家乡；D. company公司。根据后文“in my own homeland”可知，此处是指回到家乡。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一点也不知道自己错得有多离谱。A. lucky幸运的；B. lonely孤独的；C. wrong错误的；D. crazy疯狂的。根据后文“what I hadn’t expected was feeling like a complete __5__ in my own homeland”可知，此处指作者的预想和实际情况完全不同，错得离谱。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我做好了很多准备，但没想到在自己的祖国会觉得自己完全是个外来者。A. victim受害者；B. failure失败者；C. burden负担；D. foreigner外国人，外来者。根据前文“I spent ten years living and working in Australia” 以及后文“The vibes in Australia and my hometown were quite different.”可知，此处指作者在澳大利亚生活多年，回到家乡感觉陌生、自己好像是外来者。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但真正的挑战是试图和家人聊天。A. thing事情；B. responsibility责任；C. task任务；D. challenge挑战。根据后文“trying to chat with my family. Our conversations felt __7__, like we were speaking different languages.”可知，一家人聊天像是在各讲各的语言，此处是指和家人聊天有困难、是个挑战。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的谈话感觉很尴尬，就像我们在说不同的语言。A. funny有趣的；B. serious严肃的；C. lengthy漫长的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据后文“like we were speaking different languages”可知，此处是指聊天聊得很尴尬，彼此之间难以理解。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们谈论日常生活时，我发现自己渴望分享我周末去海洋和森林旅行的故事。A. forgetting忘记；B. longing渴望；C. pretending假装；D. fearing害怕。根据后文“to share my tales of weekend trips to the ocean and forests”可知，此处是指作者渴望分享。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们共同的历史感觉就像一件旧的、不舒服的夹克，已经不太合身了。A. last持续；B. matter重要；C. fit合身；D. work工作。根据前文“an old, uncomfortable jacket”可知，此处是指旧衣服不合身了，寓指如今没什么共同语言了，彼此之间难以互相融入。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到，即使你有最好的打算，过渡也从来不是一帆风顺的。A. predicted预测；B. realized意识到；C. remembered记得；D. proved证明。根据“transitions, even when you have the best intentions, are never __11__”以及作者的经历可知，此处指这是作者亲身经历后意识到的道理。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我意识到，即使你有最好的打算，过渡也从来不是一帆风顺的。A. necessary必要的；B. complex复杂的；C. painful痛苦的；D. smooth顺利的。根据前文“would make the transition (过渡) easy”以及作者的经历可知，此处指过渡并非预想中那般容易、过渡并不顺利。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我也知道了耐心的重要性，无论是对自己还是对我爱的人。A. patience耐心；B. familiarity熟悉；C. satisfaction满意；D. honesty真诚。根据“Slowly but surely”可知，此处指作者领悟到在过渡过程中不要急于一时，耐心很重要，慢慢会好起来的。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：慢慢地，我确信自己开始找到一种新模式，结合两个世界的精华。A. combining结合；B. imagining想象；C. offering提供；D. admitting承认。根据后文“the best of both worlds”可知，此处是指结合两者的优点。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：你知道吗，我从未如此平静地做自己。A. often经常；B. still仍然；C. never从未；D. nearly几乎。根据后文“felt more at peace to myself”可知，此处是指是从未有过的平静。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：就好像我必须走出我的舒适区才能真正成长，才能弄清楚对我来说最重要的是什么。A. fight for为……而战；B. figure out弄清楚；C. let go of放手；D. put up with忍受。根据后文“what matters most to me”可知，此处是指平静下来弄清楚什么东西对自己最重要。故选B项。 第二节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 单项选择，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 36. — Do you know if Betty ________ to Beijing next week? — She will ring me up when she ________ there. A. comes, will arrive B. comes, arrives C. will come, arrives D. come, will arrive 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——你知道贝蒂下周是否会来北京吗？——她到那儿的时候会给我打电话的。第一空是if引导的宾语从句，根据时间状语next week，需用一般将来时will come；第二空是when引导的时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时态表示将来，从句主语she是第三人称单数，谓语用第三人称单数形式arrives。故选C。 37. The book she had looked forward to ________ yesterday. A. publishing B. was published C. being published D. had been published 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：她盼望的那本书昨天出版了。空处作谓语，主语The book和publish为被动关系，结合yesterday可知，应为一般过去时的被动语态结构。故选B项。 38. It is reported that a space station ______ on the moon in years to come. A will be building B. will be built C. has been building D. has been built 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：据报道，人们在接下来的几年里将在月球上建一个空间站。根据“in years to come”可知用将来时，space station和build是动宾关系，应该使用被动语态，故选B。 【点睛】本题考查时态。做时态类的题目，需要从句中找出时间状语，没有时间状语时，需要结合句意来判断句子的时态。根据“in years to come”可知，这里说的是将来的事情，且空间站是被建造的，space station和build是动宾关系，应该用被动语态。 39. The four of our club ______ around Sanya for about a month last summer. A. have travelled B. travelled C. had travelled D. travel 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：去年夏天，我们俱乐部的四个成员在三亚旅游了一个月。根据句中时间状语“last summer”可知，“四个成员在三亚旅游了一个月”是已经发生的事情，讲述过去的事情用一般过去时态。故选B项。 40. She stared at the painting, wondering where she ________ it. A. saw B. has seen C. sees D. had seen 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：她盯着画看，想着，她曾在哪看到过它。根据句意可知，see的动作应发生在stare这个动作之前，stare是“过去”的动作用一般过去时，see则是“过去的过去”的动作，故用过去完成时，故选D。 41. Susan has quit her well-paid job and ________ as a volunteer in the neighborhood these days. A. is working B. works C. has worked D. had worked 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：苏珊辞去了她那份高薪工作，这些天她正在社区做志愿者。根据时间状语these days可知，表示现阶段正在进行的动作，用现在进行时。故选A。 42. Great changes ________ in our hometown in the past five years. A. have taken place B. have been happening C. have been happened D. have been taken place 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：过去五年里，我们的家乡发生了巨大的变化。根据时间状语“in the past five years”可知，此处表示过去发生的事情对现在产生影响，使用现在完成时，happen和take place没有被动语态。故选A。 43. John told his parents about the cities and the people ________ he had visited A. who B. which C. that D. where 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：约翰把他参观过的城市和见过的人告诉了父母。空处引导定语从句，先行词the cities and the people 既有物又有人，在定语从句中作visited的宾语，关系代词只能用that。故选C。 44. He lives in the room, ________ window faces the south. A. which B. of which C. whose D. where 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他住在那间窗户朝南的房间里。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词the room，在定语从句中作定语，需用关系代词whose引导。故选C。 45. The place ________ we visited yesterday is the house ________ the great leader used to live. A. where; where B. that; which C. where; which D. which; where 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们昨天参观的地方是那位伟大领袖曾经住过的房子。第一空引导定语从句，先行词是place，关系词在从句中作宾语，可用关系代词that或which引导；第二空也引导定语从句，先行词是house，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故选D。 46. I ________ along the street looking for a place to park ________ the accident happened . A. went, when B. went, while C. was going, when D. was going, while 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词和时间状语从句。句意：我正在街上寻找一个地方停车，就在那时，这场事故发生了。分析句子，句中构成be doing…when...，表示“一个动作正在进行，就在那时另一个动作发生了”，句中的happened表示动作发生在过去，因此go用过去进行时；when引导的是时间状语从句。故选C。 47. Can you imagine ________? A. what he told me then B. what did he tell me then C. how he told me then D. how did he tell me then 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：你能想象他当时告诉了我什么吗？空处为宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，表示询问“告诉的内容”，应用连接代词what引导；宾语从句中应使用陈述语序。故选A。 48. He can work hard but he needs a nudge ________. A. one by one B. now and then C. in particular D. in panic 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查副词短语辨析。句意：他可以努力工作，但有时需要鼓励。A. one by one一个接一个；B. now and then偶尔，有时；C. in particular尤其；D. in panic惊慌地。根据“He can work hard”和表示转折的but可知，此处指他有时需要鼓励，短语now and then符合题意。故选B。 49. This is the very dictionary we need to ________ and that is why I bought it. A. relate to B. refer to C. subscribe to D. apply to 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这正是我们需要查阅的词典，这就是我买它的原因。A. relate to与……有关，产生共鸣；B. refer to查阅，提及；C. subscribe to赞同，订阅；D. apply to适用于，申请。根据dictionary的用途可知，此处是指我们需要查阅这本词典。故选B项。 50. With such an important decision ________, why not listen to your mom before ________? A. to make, having butterflies in your stomach B. to be made, having a frog in one’s throat C. to be made, taking the lead D. to make, jumping in with both feet 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词及动词短语辨析。句意：有这么重要的决定要做，为什么不在鲁莽行动前听听你妈妈的意见呢？ A. to make要做，主动表被动；having butterflies in your stomach紧张不安；B. to be made要被做；having a frog in one’s throat嗓子发紧说不出话；C. to be made要被做；taking the lead带头、领先；D. to make要做；jumping in with both feet鲁莽行事、仓促行动。 本句第一空为“with + 名词 + to do”结构，空处用动词不定式形式，表示动作发生在将来。故选A和D；第二空语境是“建议先听妈妈意见再行动”，需表达“不仓促行事”，应为“jumping in with both feet”，所以排除A选项，故选D。 第三节 词块填空(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分) 词块填空 Last weekend, Lina and I went hiking. When we got lost in the forest, I started walking ____51____ (惊慌失措地), but Lina stayed calm. She said we shouldn’t be ____52____ (承受压力) — we just needed to find the path. We couldn’t ____53____ our phones because there was no signal. Lina suggested we ____54____ (处理) the problem step by step: first find a high place to look for signs, then follow the river. ____55____ (尤其), she told me to watch out for sharp stones on the ground. ____56____ (谈到) staying safe, Lina said it’s important to ____57____ (专注于) the surroundings. When I felt scared again, she taught me to take slow breaths to ____58____ (冷静下来). Finally, we found our way back before sunset. Now, we’re both ____59____ (期待) to our next hike. We’ll be more prepared and won’t ____60____ our map (把……抛在脑后) this time! 【答案】51. in panic 52. under pressure/stress 53. depend/rely/count on 54. deal with 55. In particular 56. Speaking of 57. focus/concentrate on 58. calm down 59. looking forward 60. leave behind 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了上周末作者和莉娜徒步时在森林中迷路，手机无信号，她冷静提议分步解决，教我专注环境、冷静呼吸，我们日落前返程，期待下次做好准备再出发。 【51题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：当我们在森林里迷路时，我开始惊慌失措地走着，但莉娜保持冷静。根据汉语意思提示“惊慌失措地”可知，此处为介词短语in panic，修饰动词“walking”。故填in panic。 【52题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：她说我们不应该有压力，我们只需要找到出路。根据汉语意思提示“承受压力”可知，此处为介词短语under pressure/stress，“be under pressure/stress”表示 “处于压力中”。故填under pressure/stress。 【53题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：因为没有信号，我们不能指望我们的手机。根据上下文可知，后文提到“no signal”（无信号），因此“无法依赖手机”，表示“依赖”应用动词短语depend/rely/count on，结合空前couldn’t为情态动词可知，为动词原形。故填depend/rely/count on。 【54题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：莉娜建议我们一步一步来解决这个问题。根据汉语意思提示“处理”可知，此处为动词短语deal with，suggest后面的宾语从句，使用虚拟语气，谓语动词使用should do，should可以省略。故填deal with。 【55题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：她特别告诉我要小心地上的尖利石头。根据汉语意思提示“尤其”可知，此处为介词短语in particular，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填In particular。 【56题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：说到安全，莉娜说关注周围环境很重要。根据汉语意思提示“谈到”可知，此处为介词短语speaking of，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Speaking of。 【57题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：说到安全，莉娜说关注周围环境很重要。根据汉语意思提示“专注于”可知，此处为动词短语focus/concentrate on，结合空前动词不定式符号to可知，空处为动词原形。故填focus/concentrate on。 【58题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：当我再次感到害怕时，她教我慢慢呼吸，让自己冷静下来。根据汉语意思提示“冷静下来”可知，此处为动词短语calm down，结合空前动词不定式符号to可知，空处为动词原形。故填calm down。 【59题详解】 考查固定短语和时态。句意：现在，我们都期待着下一次远足。根据汉语意思提示“期待”可知，此处为固定短语look forward to，此处使用现在进行时，表示现阶段正在进行的动词，已有be动词are，空处需填现在分词形式。故填looking forward。 【60题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：这次我们会做好更充分的准备，不会丢下我们的地图！根据汉语意思提示“把……抛在脑后”可知，此处为动词短语leave sth. behind，结合空前won’t，空处为动词原形。故填leave behind。 第四节 新概念填空(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 61. He slept very well for the first two nights, but on the third night, a storm ________ ________. (根据句意填空) 【答案】 ①. blew ②. up 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：头两天晚上他睡得很好，但第三天晚上起了暴风雨。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语blow up“突然发生、爆发”，结合前半句slept可知，此处应为一般过去时。故填blew；up。 62. She ________________ it for some time then added, “You don’t need bookcases at all.” (根据句意填空) 【答案】 ①. gazed ②. at 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语及时态。句意：她凝视了它一段时间，然后补充说：“你根本不需要书柜。”根据句意可知，此处表示“凝视”，应用动词短语gaze at，由added可知，句子时态是一般过去时，动词gaze应用过去式形式。故填①gazed；②at。 63. It took me ten minutes to persuade her to ________________ later. (根据句意填空) 【答案】 ①. ring ②. back 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我花了十分钟才说服她稍后回电话。“persuade sb. to do sth.”是固定短语，意为“说服某人做某事”，所以①处应用动词原形；根据句意可知，空处应用固定短语“ring back”，意为“回电话”，所以①处用动词原形ring；②处应用副词back。故填①ring②back。 64. After ________ ________ the rude assistant, she asked for the same dress. Not realizing who she was, the assistant was eager to serve her this time. (根据句意填空) 【答案】 ①. seeking ②. out 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语和非谓语动词。句意：在找到了那个粗鲁的店员后，她要了同一条裙子。店员没认出她是谁，这次急切地想要为她服务。根据句意及空后“the rude assistant”可知，此处应用短语seek out，表示“找到，找出”，且介词After后应用动名词形式作宾语，故填①seeking；②out。 65. As the neighbors complained of the noise, my husband spent weeks training him to ________ his paw ________ the latch to let himself in. (根据句意填空) 【答案】 ①. press ②. on 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：由于邻居们抱怨噪音太大，我丈夫花了好几个星期训练他用爪子按门闩让自己进来。根据句意及“his paw”和“the latch to let himself in”可知，此处应用短语press...on...，表示“把……按压在……上”，且train sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“训练某人做某事”，故空1应用动词原形press，空2应用介词on。故填①press；②on。 第五节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 My name is Adam and I’m a freshman at senior high school. I’m experiencing ____66____ (anxious) because in the first week I was a little ____67____ (confuse) about what to do. First, I had to decide which courses to choose. My adviser recommended that I sign up ____68____ literature because I like English and I’m good at it. I know that Chinese is a very difficult language, ____69____ I hope to be fluent when I graduate. I had to choose extra- curricular activities, too. I tried to join the school football team, but to my disappointment, the coach told me that I didn’t play well enough. It was obvious that I was ____70____ (happy), but I won’t quit. I will make all efforts to make a great ____71____ (improve). There is a lot for me ____72____ (explore)on my own so that I can make the team next year. I know I’ll have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to ____73____ (take) responsibility for a lot more. Still, I’m delighted to be there. Studying hard isn’t always fun, but I’ll be well prepared for university or ____74____ else comes in the future. I ____75____ (true) feel more confident than before. 【答案】66. anxiety 67. confused 68. for 69. but 70. unhappy 71. improvement 72. to explore 73. taking 74. whatever##what 75. truly 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了高一新生亚当在高中第一周的经历，包括选课、参加课外活动的情况，以及他在这个过程中的情绪变化和成长，逐渐变得更自信。 【66题详解】 考查名词。句意：我正在经历焦虑，因为在第一周我有点困惑不知道该做什么。experience是及物动词，后接名词作宾语，anxious是形容词，其名词形式是anxiety，不可数。故填anxiety。 【67题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我正在经历焦虑，因为在第一周我有点困惑不知道该做什么。此处描述人的感受，作表语。confuse的形容词形式confused表示“感到困惑的”，而confusing表示“令人困惑的”，这里主语是I，所以用confused。 故填confused。 【68题详解】 考查介词。句意：我的指导老师建议我报名参加文学课，因为我喜欢英语而且擅长它。sign up for是固定短语，意为“报名参加”。 故填for。 【69题详解】 考查连词。句意：我知道中文是一门很难的语言，但我希望毕业时能说得流利。前后句是转折关系，所以用连词but。故填but。 【70题详解】 考查形容词。句意：很明显我不高兴，但我不会放弃。根据前文to my disappointment可知，此处应是“不高兴的”，用happy的反义词unhappy，作表语。故填unhappy。 【71题详解】 考查名词。句意：我将尽一切努力取得很大的进步。make a great improvement是固定搭配，名词作宾语。故填improvement。 【72题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：有很多东西需要我自己去探索，这样我明年就能加入球队了。 for sb. to do sth.是动词不定式的复合结构，作后置定语修饰a lot。故填to explore。 【73题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我知道作为一名高中生我必须更努力地学习，并且习惯承担更多的责任。get used to doing sth.是固定短语，意为“习惯于做某事”，to是介词，后接动名词。故填taking。 【74题详解】 考查代词。句意：努力学习并不总是有趣的，但我会为大学或未来发生的任何其他事情做好充分准备。此处引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，表示“（任何）其他的事情”，用what或whatever引导。故填whatever/what。 【75题详解】 考查副词。句意：我确实比以前更自信了。此处修饰动词feel，要用副词，true副词形式是truly。故填truly。 第三部分 写作(共一节，满分15分) 76. 假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Tony最近选修了中文课程。他来邮件向你咨询学好中文的方法。请你回一封邮件。内容包括： 1. 提出建议； 2. 表达祝愿。 注意：1. 词数：80词左右； 2. 内容应包括以上要点，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Tony, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Tony, I’m delighted to learn that you’ve started learning Chinese! Knowing that you would like to have a better command of Chinese, I’m writing to share with you some practical suggestions, just for your reference. With proper guidance and enough practice, you’re bound to learn Chinese well. To begin with, it is advisable that you regularly watch some Chinese learning programs, which will expose you to an authentic learning atmosphere and will help you develop a better understanding of Chinese culture. Besides, you’d better make some Chinese friends and communicate with them as much as possible. With frequent communication in real life, you’ll eventually improve your oral Chinese and feel more confident. Hopefully my tips above can be of some help. Wish you success! Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华身份写一封英文回信，向外国朋友Tony提供学习中文的建议并表达祝愿。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 适当的：proper → appropriate 真实的：authentic → genuine 交流：communicate → interact 最终：eventually → ultimately 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：With frequent communication in real life, you’ll eventually improve your oral Chinese and feel more confident. 拓展句：If you communicate frequently in real life you’ll eventually improve your oral Chinese and feel more confident. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m delighted to learn that you’ve started learning Chinese!（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】To begin with, it is advisable that you regularly watch some Chinese learning programs, which will expose you to an authentic learning atmosphere and will help you develop a better understanding of Chinese culture.（运用了it作形式主语，that引导主语从句作真正主语和which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $