精品解析：上海市浦东新区2022-2023学年高一上学期期中考试英语试卷

2022学年第一学期高一英语期中质量检测 总分：100分 时间：90分钟 I. Listening Comprehension Section A (10分) Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. At a shop. B. In a car. C. On a plane. D. On a farm. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: Fasten your seat belt, sir. M: Of course, I didn’t realize we were going to land so soon. Question: Where does this conversation most probably take place? 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. A travel agent. B. An office secretary. C. A sales manager. D. A hotel receptionist. 【答案】D 【解析】 【原文】M: Do you have a single room with a bath for tonight and tomorrow night? W: Just a moment, sir. Well, we haven’t any singles left, I’m afraid. But we could let you have a twin bedded room for the same price. Question: Who is the woman most likely to be? 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. $2. B. $1.5. C. $3. D. $3.5. 【答案】D 【解析】 【原文】M: I’d like to send this package by rapid service. W: Sure, that will cost two dollars for the postage and another one dollar and 50 cents for the rapid service. Question: How much, in all, will it cost the man to send the package? 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. The next bus is coming soon. B. The bus will wait a few minutes at the stop. C. There are only two or three passengers on the bus. D. They can catch this bus without running. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: Hurry up. There’s a bus coming. W: Why run? There will be another one in two or three minutes. Question: What does the woman mean? 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. She decided to paint it later. B. She finally had time to paint it. C. Someone painted it for her. D. Some friends will help paint it. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: Wow, your apartment looks great. When do you have time to paint it? W: I didn’t. I had it done professionally. Question: What does the woman say about her apartment? 6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. He wants to go early to avoid the traffic jam. B. He wants to get to the theater before the movie is over. C. He doesn’t know the way to the theater. D. He doesn’t usually leave his office at 8:00. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: Why are you leaving so early? The drama doesn’t start until eight. M: I don’t want to be at the traffic there. It’s terrible on the expressway during the rush hour. Question: What does the man mean? 7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. He is shy. B. He is heroic. C. He is dangerous. D. He is awkward. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Victor is really something, he nearly got killed when he tried to rescue a drowning boy yesterday. W: Well, so far as I know, that was not the first dangerous situation he was in for others. Question: What do we learn about Victor from the conversation? 8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. It’s delayed. B. It’s overcrowded. C. It’s nearly empty. D. It’s cancelled. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: I’m sorry, madam, the coach is somewhere behind schedule. W: That’s all right. I’ll just sit here and read the newspaper in the meantime. Question: What do we learn about the coach from the conversation? 9. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. The assignment looks easy but actually it’s quite hard. B. The assignment is too difficult for them to complete on time. C. They can’t finish the assignment before Thursday. D. They have plenty of time to work on the assignment. 【答案】D 【解析】 【原文】M: Wow, that’s a big assignment we’ve got for the English class. W: Well, it’s not as bad as it looks. It isn’t due until Thursday morning. Question: What does the woman mean? 10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. She was running a fever. B. She had to run a long way to the meeting. C. She was involved in a car accident. D. She had her car stolen near the supermarket. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Hello, Tracy, how come you’re sweating on such a cold day? W: Sorry I’m late for the meeting. Just after I passed through the supermarket my car broke down so I decided to rush all the way here. Question: What do we learn about the woman? Section B (9分) Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages. After each passage, you will be asked several questions. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. A. Learning children’s ideas of Lego. B. Attracting adults to Lego. C. Designing Lego bricks. D. Building Lego models. 12. A. Having them communicate more freely. B. Removing the barriers on their way to success. C. Bringing them back to normal. D. Making them more intelligent. 13. A. Because they can thus stick to commonly-held views. B. Because they can thus present their ideas naturally. C. Because they can thus form their own thoughts. D. Because they can thus modify their voices properly. 【答案】11. B 12. A 13. C 【解析】 【原文】M: It’s 60 years ago since Lego patented their little plastic blocks, and since then over 600 billion bricks have been produced. While some people think Lego is just for children, or that being grown up means leaving playfulness behind, my job often includes convincing fully grown adults in sensible jobs to play with Lego and build whatever comes to mind. As a Lego seri而是play facilitator, I ask people to build their thoughts, ideas and feelings. The series play aspect encourages participants to get creative through play. This allows people to put aside their usual barriers and respond in a more natural, free way. This has been shown to awaken narratives and expressions not usually available because when people are playful they can say and do things they don’t normally say and do. And when we say things we don’t normally say, we get to talk about things that we don’t normally talk about. The Lego series play method asks participants to build models that represent their thinking. This gives them the space to consider their own ideas without the influence of other people’s input. It means that when they are then asked to present their ideas, these are already formed and not subject to any commonly held view. Through this, people can find more original and honest voices. Questions: 11.What does the speaker’s job include? 12. How does seriesplay benefit participants? 13. Why does the Lego series play method ask participants to build models? 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. A. To take medicine. B. To sleep more. C. To work less. D. To go travelling. 15. A. They are not harmful to the brain. B. Their benefits have been ignored. C. They are not priced reasonably. D. They both have useful and harmful effects. 16. A. They damage a person’s mental health. B. They reduce a person’s chance of recovery. C. They slow down a person’s reaction to changes. D. They worsen a person’s existing trouble. 【答案】14. A 15. D 16. C 【解析】 【原文】W: Many people suffer from some form of extreme anxiety, some experience occasional attacks of panic for almost no reason. Others go around in a state of continual uneasiness. How do we control anxiety? The best way is to take drugs that help patients manage their anxiety. Patients who take these drugs say that they are able to work, to sleep and to go to places they fear to visit before. But the effects of the drugs on the human body, especially on the nervous system, have not been known for a long time. Scientists have started a series of studies to identify the effects of the drugs on the brain and have gained some insight into the costs and benefits of the anti-anxiety drugs. They are valuable because they can reduce the effects of expected failure, frustration and disappointment. But their value demands a price. Two effects of the drugs are obviously harmful. First, they weaken a person’s ability to react to changes. Second, they fail to help a person deal with unexpected troubles. It is fairly certain that people will meet with problems they have never expected, so these harmful effects may make the price of anti-anxiety drugs too high. Questions: 14. According to the speaker, what is the best way to manage anxiety? 15. What does the speaker say about the anti-anxiety drugs? 16. What harmful effects do the anti-anxiety drugs have? II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A (10分) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Sanlitun is an area of Beijing popular for outings. Yet its recent attraction was unique. A concert ____17____ features music pieces by famous composers has taken place there. The concert also opens this year’s China Youth Music Competition-Hummingbird Music Award. The competition ____18____ (base) on the German Music Council’s music competition for young performers in Germany. Winners of the two competitions are offered the opportunity ____19____ (perform). Zhang, organizer of the concert, met Benedict, Holtbernd, the artistic manager of the German Music Council in 2014. Since then the event ____20____ (serve) as an important cultural bridge between young people of China and Germany. In Sanlitun the young musicians show their musical talent and the beauty of chamber music. Because they do it at close range, they ____21____ receive immediate response from the audience. One of the performers is Jiang, who is studying at the middle school of the Central Conservatory of Music. ____22____ he first took part in the competition in 2016, he performed with another performer. ____23____ was a rare chance for him to play with another person who shared the joy of music with him. “It was ____24____ eye-opening experience because I got to know a total foreign musical instrument and as a team we won first prize.” He is now keen ____25____ playing chamber music and he is prepared to study conducting, which will allow him to become ____26____ (skillful) in playing other musical instruments. 【答案】17. which##that 18. is based 19. to perform 20. has served 21. can 22. When 23. It 24. an 25. on 26. more skillful 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了北京三里屯举办的一场特色音乐会，该音乐会同时开启了中国青少年音乐比赛——蜂鸟音乐奖，赛事源于德国相关音乐竞赛，搭建了中德青少年文化交流桥梁，还介绍了其中一位参赛表演者的经历与感受。 【17题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：那里举行了一场以著名作曲家的作品为特色的音乐会。空处为定语从句的关系词；先行词为“a concert”，指物，在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词“which”或“that”引导。故填which或that。 【18题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：该比赛是基于德国音乐委员会为德国年轻表演者举办的音乐比赛。空处为本句谓语动词；根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“the competition”，单数，和动词“base”之间为被动关系。故填is based。 【19题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：两场比赛的优胜者都有机会表演。空处为非谓语动词作名词“the opportunity”的后置定语，用动词不定式形式。故填to perform。 【20题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：从那时起，该活动就成为中德两国年轻人之间重要的文化桥梁。空处为本句谓语动词；根据时间状语“since then”可知，本句时态为现在完成时；主语为“the event”，单数，和动词“serve”之间为主动关系。故填has served。 【21题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：因为他们是在近距离上做的，所以他们可以立即得到观众的反应。空处为情态动词形式；根据句意可知，空处意为“能够”，用情态动词“can”。故填can。 【22题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：2016年第一次参加比赛时，他和另一位表演者一起表演。空处为时间状语从句的引导词；意为“当……时”，用“when”引导；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填When。 【23题详解】 考查代词。句意：对他来说，这是一个难得的机会，可以和另一个与他分享音乐乐趣的人一起演奏。空处为代词形式担当形式主语；代指真正的主语“to play with another person who shared the joy of music with him”，用代词“it”；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填It。 【24题详解】 考查冠词。句意：“这是一次大开眼界的经历，因为我了解了一种完全是外国乐器，我们的团队获得了一等奖。”修饰名词单数，表示泛指，用不定冠词；空后单词为元音音素开头，用an。故填an。 【25题详解】 考查介词。句意：他现在热衷于演奏室内乐，并准备学习指挥，这将使他在演奏其他乐器方面更加熟练。短语：be keen on，意为“热爱……”，符合句意。故填on。 【26题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：他现在热衷于演奏室内乐，并准备学习指挥，这将使他在演奏其他乐器方面更加熟练。空处为形容词形式作表语；根据句意可知，空处为形容词比较级形式。故填more skillful。 Section B (10分) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need. A. grows B. temper C. comforts D. avoid E. attention F. mixed G. consider H. effects I. pleased J. cheerful K. dissatisfied There are two types of people in the world. Although they have equal degree of health and wealth and other ____27____ of life, one becomes happy, the other becomes unhappy. This rises from the different ways in which they ____28____ things, persons, events and the resulting effects upon their minds. People who are to be happy fix their ____29____ on the convenience of things — the pleasant parts of conversation, the well prepared dishes, the goodness of the wine, the fine weather. They enjoy all the ____30____ things. Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the opposite things. Therefore, they are continually ____31____. By their remarks, they fail the pleasure of society, offend many people, and make themselves disagreeable everywhere. If this turn of mind was founded in nature, such unhappy persons would be the more to be pitied. The intention of criticizing and being disliked is perhaps taken up by imitation. It ____32____ into a habit, unknown to its possessors. The habit may be strong, but it may be cured when those who have it realize its bad ____33____ on their interest and tastes. I hope this little warning may be of service to them, and help them change this habit. Although in fact it is chiefly an act of the imagination, it has serious results in life since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck. Those people offend many others; nobody loves them, and no one treats them with more than the most common politeness and respect. This frequently puts them in bad ____34____ and draws them into arguments. If they aim at getting some advantages in social position or fortune, nobody wishes them success. Nor will anyone start a step or speak a word to favor their hopes. If they bring on themselves public objections, no one will defend or excuse them, and many will join to criticize their wrongdoings. They should change this bad habit and be ____35____ with what is pleasing, without worrying needlessly about themselves and others. If they do not, it will be good for others to ____36____ any contact with them. Otherwise, it can be disagreeable and sometimes very inconvenient, especially when one becomes mixed up in their quarrels. 【答案】27. C 28. G 29. E 30. J 31. K 32. A 33. H 34. B 35. I 36. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了两类人快乐的差异及不快乐习惯的影响与改进建议。 【27题详解】 考查名词。句意：尽管他们拥有同等程度的健康、财富以及生活中的其他便利条件，但一类人变得快乐，另一类人却不快乐。根据“they have equal degree of health and wealth”，此处指生活中的 “便利条件”，comfort为名词，“舒适的设施（或条件）”，通常用复数形式。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词。句意：这源于他们考虑事物、他人、事件的不同方式，以及这些方式对他们思想产生的不同影响。空格处为定语从句的谓语动词，表示他们考虑事物、人、事件的不同方式 ，consider “考虑” 为动词，符合语境。根据主句的rises可知，句子陈述一般事实，所以用一般现在时态，主语为they，谓语动词用原形。故选G。 【29题详解】 考查名词。句意：快乐的人会把注意力集中在事物的便利上——谈话中令人愉快的部分、精心准备的菜肴、优质的葡萄酒、宜人的天气。“fix one’s attention on”为固定搭配，意为 “把注意力集中在……上”，需填名词attention作宾语。故选E。 【30题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他们享受所有令人愉快的事物。空格处修饰名词 things，需用形容词，cheerful“令人愉快的”，符合“快乐的人关注美好事物”的语境。故选J。 【31题详解】 考查形容词。句意：因此，他们总是感到不满。根据前文“think and speak only of the opposite things”可知，不快乐的人只关注负面事物，所以会“不满”，dissatisfied “不满的”为形容词，符合语境，在句中作表语。故选K。 【32题详解】 考查动词。句意：它会逐渐养成一种习惯，而持有者自己却浑然不知。空格处需填谓语动词，“grow into a habit”为固定搭配，意为“养成习惯”，句子陈述一般事实，所以用一般现在时态，主语为it，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查名词。句意：这种习惯可能很顽固，但当拥有它的人意识到它对自己的利益和品味产生的不良影响时，是可以改正的。“bad effects on”为固定搭配，意为“对……的不良影响”，需填名词作宾语。故选H。 【34题详解】 考查名词。句意：这常常让他们发脾气，并卷入争论中。根据后文“draws them into arguments”可知，此处表示这会让人发脾气或争论，“in bad temper”为固定搭配，意为“发脾气、情绪不好”，需填名词。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他们应该改掉这个坏习惯，对令人愉悦的事物感到满意，而不必无谓地为自己和他人担忧。根据后文“what is pleasing”可知，此处表示对令人愉悦的事物感到满意。“be pleased with”为固定搭配，意为“对……满意”，符合语境，需填形容词作表语。故选I。 【36题详解】 考查动词。句意：如果他们不改掉这个习惯，那么其他人最好避免与他们有任何接触。根据后文“Otherwise, it can be disagreeable and sometimes very inconvenient”可知，此处表示应避免接触，avoid“避免”为动词，空前为动词不定式符号to，所以该动词用原形。故选D。 III. Reading Comprehension Section A (10分) Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. There is a tendency to think of each of the arts as a separate area of activity. Many artists, ____37____, would prove that there has always been a warm relationship between the various areas of human activity. ____38____, in the late nineteenth century the connections between music and painting were particularly ____39____. Artists were invited to ____40____ clothes and settings for operas and ballets, but sometimes it was the musicians who were inspired (给……以灵感) by the work of contemporary painters. Of the musical compositions that were considered as responses to the visual arts, perhaps the most famous is Mussorgsky’s Pictures at an Exhibition. Mussorgsky ____41____ the piece in 1874 after the death of the artist Victor Hartmann. Though their friendship had not been a particularly long-lasting one, Mussorgsky was shocked by Hartmann’s ____42____ death. The following year the critic, Vladimir Stasov, who decided to hold an exhibition of Hartmann’s work, suggested that Mussorgsky try to ____43____ his grief by writing something in memory of Hartmann. The exhibition served as Mussorgsky’s inspiration. The ten pieces that ____44____ Pictures at an Exhibition are intended as symbols rather than representations of the paintings in the exhibition. Between each is a promenade (舞曲中的行进), as the composer walks from one painting to another. The music is sometimes witty and playful, sometimes almost ____45____ and frightening. Through a range of surprising ____46____, Mussorgsky manages to convey the spirit of the artist and his work. 37. A. therefore B. however C. moreover D. otherwise 38. A. For example B. On the contrary C. In general D. On the other hand 39. A. separate B. unknown C. close D. different 40. A. link B. add C. design D. learn 41. A. forgot B. composed C. lost D. picked 42. A. unavoidable B. undiscovered C. unnecessary D. unexpected 43. A. control B. relieve C. conceal D. represent 44. A. make up B. leave for C. give away D. put away 45. A. fascinating B. inspiring C. charming D. alarming 46. A. paintings B. topics C. contrasts D. visions 【答案】37. B 38. A 39. C 40. C 41. B 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. D 46. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要通过讲Mussorgsky的创作来说明人类活动的各个领域之间一直存在着一种温暖的关系。 【37题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，许多艺术家会证明，人类活动的各个领域之间一直存在着一种温暖的关系。A. therefore因此；B. however然而；C. moreover另外；D. otherwise否则。由前面的“There is a tendency to think of each of the arts as a separate area of activity”和后面的“a warm relationship between the various areas of human activity”可知，前后是转折关系，空格处是“然而”，故选B。 【38题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：例如，在19世纪晚期，音乐和绘画之间的联系特别密切。A. For example例如；B. On the contrary相反；C. In general通常；D. On the other hand另一方面。由后文的“in the late nineteenth century the connections between music and painting were particularly”可知，这是举的一个例子，阐述前面的“there has always been a warm relationship between the various areas of human activity”，因此空格处是“例如”，故选A。 【39题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，在19世纪晚期，音乐和绘画之间的联系特别密切。A. separate单独的；B. unknown未知的；C. close密切的；D. different不同的。由前面的“a warm relationship between the various areas of human activity”可知，本句是说“音乐和绘画之间的联系特别密切”，故选C。 【40题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：艺术家们受邀为歌剧和芭蕾舞剧设计服装和舞台布景，但有时则是音乐家受到了当代画家作品的启发。A. link联系；B. add增加；C. design设计；D. learn学习。根据后文“clothes and settings for operas and ballets”可知，指艺术家们受邀为歌剧和芭蕾舞剧设计服装和舞台布景，故选C。 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mussorgsky在艺术家维克多·哈特曼于1874年39岁去世后创作了这幅作品。A. forgot忘记；B. composed作曲；C. lost失去；D. picked采，摘。由前面的“Mussorgsky’s Pictures at an Exhibition”可知，Mussorgsky是创作了Pictures at an Exhibition这首曲子，因此空格处是“作曲”，故选B。 【42题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管他们的友谊并不是特别长久，Mussorgsky还是对哈特曼的意外死亡感到震惊。A. unavoidable不可避免的；B. undiscovered未被发现的；C. unnecessary不需要的；D. unexpected出乎意料的。由前面的“was shocked”可知，Mussorgsky感到震惊，因此Victor Hartmann死得很突然，因此空格处是“出乎意料的”，故选D。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二年，决定举办哈特曼作品展的评论家弗拉基米尔·斯塔索夫建议Mussorgsky写些东西来纪念哈特曼，以减轻他的悲痛。A. control控制；B. relieve减轻；C. conceal隐藏；D. represent代表。由后文的“by writing something in memory of Hartmann”可知，Mussorgsky是写些东西来纪念哈特曼，以减轻他的悲痛，故选B。 【44题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：构成《展览中的画面》这组作品的十部作品，其目的在于象征而非如实描绘展览中的那些作品。A. make up组成；B. leave for前往；C. give away赠送；D. put away放好。根据上文“The ten pieces”以及后文“Pictures at an Exhibition”可推知，此处指构成《展览中的画面》这组作品的十幅作品，故选A。 【45题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：音乐有时诙谐有趣，有时几乎令人震惊和恐惧。A. fascinating迷人的；B. inspiring鼓舞人心的；C. charming迷人的；D. alarming令人恐惧的。由空格后的“and frightening”可知，空格处意为“令人恐惧的”，句子表示“音乐有时诙谐有趣，有时几乎令人震惊和恐惧”，故选D。 【46题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过一系列令人惊讶的对比，Mussorgsky成功地传达了这位艺术家和他的作品的精神。A. paintings画；B. topics话题；C. contrasts对比；D. visions幻觉。由前面的“The music is sometimes witty and playful, sometimes almost ____9____ and frightening.”可知，音乐有时诙谐有趣，有时几乎令人震惊和恐惧，这是强烈的对比，因此空格处是“对比”，故选C。 Section B (16分) Directions: Read the following two passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) If you find yourself unable to go more than 15 minutes without reaching into your pocket, pulling out your smartphone and checking your e-mail or microblog, don’t worry. You are hardly alone. A recent survey in the scientific journal Personal and Ubiquitous Computing shows that smartphone users have developed what the researchers call “checking habit”—repetitive checks of e-mail and other applications. The checks typically lasted less than 30 seconds and were often done within 10 minutes of each other. On average, the study subjects check their phones 34 times a day. And the surprising part is that they don’t even realize they are doing it. “I hadn’t told my hand to reach out for the phone. It seemed to be doing it all on its own,” wrote Elizabeth Cohen, a medical journalist for CNN who watched her right hand going away from her side to grab her phone sitting on the table at dinner with friends. Loren Frank, a scientist at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), explains that checking smartphones is rewarding in some way. “Each time you get an e-mail, it’s a positive feedback that you’re an important person,” Frank told CNN. “Once the brain becomes accustomed to this positive feedback, reaching out for the phone becomes an automatic action you don’t even think about consciously,” said Frank. Professor Clifford Nass of Standford University added that constantly consulting your smartphone is also “an attempt to not have to think hard but feel like you are doing something”. However, this habit can cause problems. Studies show that whenever you take a break from what you are doing to check your smartphone, it is hard to go back to your original task, according to Adam Gazzaley, a neurologist at UCSF. That’s not the worst. A survey shows that smartphones are killing close relationship. About half of the people in the survey said they had had fights with their boyfriend or girlfriend because of smartphones. 47. Which of the following is true about the recent survey in Personal and Ubiquitous Computing? A. Participants of the survey tend to pull out their smartphone every 15 minutes. B. Smartphone users have developed a “checking habit”. C. To check one’s email and microblog takes no less than 10 minutes. D. On average, people check their phones 34 times a day. 48. The story of Elizabeth Cohen is mentioned in paragraph 3 to prove that ______. A. she doesn’t really enjoy having dinner with friends B. she has a serious problem with her right hand C. people really can’t get away from their phones D. people don’t even realize their checking habit 49. According to Loren Frank of UCSF, why do people enjoy checking their phones? A. Because checking phones brings them real life rewards. B. Because owing smartphones makes them important people. C Because getting something like e-mail brings a positive feeling. D. Because checking a phone makes them feel like doing something. 50. According to the passage, the worst problem the checking habit can cause may be ______. A. incapability to concentrate on the task B. neurological problems hard to deal with C damage done to close relationship D. a lot of efforts to fight the habit 【答案】47. B 48. D 49. C 50. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了最近的一项调查显示，智能手机用户已经养成了一种被研究人员称为“查看习惯”的习惯。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“A recent survey in the scientific journal Personal and Ubiquitous Computing shows that smartphone users have developed what the researchers call ‘checking habit’.(科学期刊《个人与普遍计算》最近的一项调查显示，智能手机用户已经养成了一种被研究人员称为“查看习惯”的习惯)”可知，调查显示，智能手机用户已经养成了“查看习惯”。故选B项。 【48题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“And the surprising part is that they don’t even realize they are doing it.(令人惊讶的是，他们甚至没有意识到自己在这么做)”以及后文“I hadn’t told my hand to reach out for the phone. It seemed to be doing it all on its own.(我没有叫我的手去接电话。它似乎完全靠自己)”可推知，后方Elizabeth Cohen的事例是为了阐明前文的观点，即人们甚至没有意识到他们的检查习惯。故选D项。 【49题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“explains that checking smartphones is rewarding in some way.(他解释说，查看智能手机在某种程度上是有益的)”以及后文“Each time you get an e-mail, it’s a positive feedback that you’re an important person.(每次你收到一封电子邮件，它都是一个积极的反馈，表明你是一个重要的人)”可知，人们之所以会常常查看智能手机是因为收到像电子邮件这样的东西会带来积极的感觉。故选C项。 50题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“That’s not the worst. A survey shows that smartphones are killing close relationship.(这还不是最糟糕的。一项调查显示，智能手机正在扼杀亲密的关系)”可知，对亲密关系造成的损害才是最糟糕的问题。故选C项。 (B) Obesity is becoming one of the biggest threats to children’s health, a recent nationwide investigation has warned, pointing out that students’ physical indicators are declining because of a lack of enough exercise. The past five years have witnessed fast growth in the number of fat children -- in some big cities, the number has even doubled, the survey showed. In Beijing, for example, latest figures from the local education authorities show that the height, weight and chest measurement of young students keep expanding, while physical indices, such as lung capacity, speed and strength, are going down. The blood pressure of half the secondary school students is above normal; and the number of obese students has increased by 50 percent compared with five years age. In the urban areas of Beijing and five other economically more developed regions, the average obesity rate of male students in primary schools has reached 12.9 percent. Nationwide, the obesity rate of children is 8.1 percent and 3.1 percent in urban and rural areas. “China has entered the era of obesity,” Beijing-based Workers’ Daily quoted Ji Chengye of the Child and Adolescent Health Section of the China Preventive Medicine Association as saying. “Childhood is the first age group affected by obesity, to which society has not paid enough attention,” Ji said. “Obesity in childhood will influence health for life,” the expert added. The increase in indoor activities such as watching television, surfing the Internet, playing computer games or doing homework, is one of the main reasons for children’s obesity, according to Ji, because it means lack of exercise and little chance for burning calories. Another reason is consumption of excessive junk food. “In the past, children used to drink water. Now they prefer sweet beverages; and some have totally given up water,” Ji said. He also blamed intensive promotions of sweets and junk food, which make it hard for children to resist the temptation. Also, because of pressure of competition to enter good higher schools, teachers sacrifice students’ physical exercise time for classes. For instance, about 60 percent of school masters in Beijing admitted that the one hour of outdoor physical exercises per day is not always followed. “Problems of obesity will not only influence children’s physical and psychological development but also become a ‘time bomb’ for the country’s future economic development and public health system,” said Chen Chunming, head of International Life Sciences Institute Focal Point in China. 51. Problems of obesity will not ________. A influence children’s physical and psychological development B. affect the country’s future economic development C. have some effect on the country’s public health system D. harm human history 52. In Beijing, which figure from the local education authorities does not keep expanding? A. height B. weight C. chest measurement D. lung capacity 53. What does the underlined word “obesity” mean? A. being strong B. being too small C. being too fat D. being too tall 54. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. child obesity has become a big problem B. the problem of child obesity is especially serious in Beijing C. China has entered the era of obesity D. lacking enough exercise is the main reason for children’s obesity 【答案】51. D 52. D 53. C 54. A 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项全国性的调查，中国已经进入了肥胖时代，肥胖儿童的数量快速增长，肥胖正成为儿童健康的最大威胁之一，文章阐述了儿童肥胖症的原因和危害。 【51题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Problems of obesity will not only influence children’s physical and psychological development but also become a ‘time bomb’ for the country’s future economic development and public health syste（肥胖问题不仅会影响儿童的身心发展，也会成为国家未来经济发展和公共卫生系统的‘定时炸弹’)”可知，A、B、C选项为肥胖问题带来的危害，但是肥胖问题不会危及人类历史，故选D项。 【52题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“In Beijing, for example, latest figures from the local education authorities show that the height, weight and chest measurement of young students keep expanding, while physical indices, such as lung capacity, speed and strength, are going down.(例如，在北京，当地教育部门的最新数据显示，年轻学生的身高、体重和胸围在不断扩大，而肺活量、速度和力量等身体指标却在下降)”，可知，学生的身高、体重和胸围在不断扩大。肺活量在下降。故选D项。 【53题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段“The past five years have witnessed fast growth in the number of fat children -- in some big cities, the number has even doubled, the survey showed.(调查显示，在过去的五年中，肥胖儿童的数量快速增长，在一些大城市，肥胖儿童的数量甚至翻了一番)”和全文内容可知，全文主要讲述和肥胖相关的内容，所以文章开篇应该点题，说明，肥胖正在成为孩子健康的威胁。划线词Obesity意为“过度肥胖，肥胖症”，与“being too fat”语意相近。故选C项。 【54题详解】 主旨大意题。结合第一段“Obesity is becoming one of the biggest threats to children’s health, a recent nationwide investigation has warned, pointing out that students’ physical indicators are declining because of a lack of enough exercise.(最近一项全国性的调查警告说，肥胖正成为儿童健康的最大威胁之一，并指出由于缺乏足够的锻炼，学生的身体指标正在下降)”和全文内容可知，本文主要讲述肥胖已成为威胁儿童身体健康的一个大问题。故选A项。 Section C (8分) Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. How to Relax Your Mind Nowadays, people everywhere seem to find less and less time available to them, and more and more things to achieve. It’s quite common to find people running around like headless chickens meeting deadlines that they create. One doesn’t have to live this way, in stress and struggle. ____55____ Breathing — I can’t stress enough the importance of learning how to breathe properly, and not only when you’re stressed, but at all times that you can. Learning how to breathe properly at all times is essential. You should try to deepen and lengthen your breath to lower the stress level and promote relaxation. ____56____ Let it all out — ____57____ So calling or meeting up with a person who can listen and empathize with us, is often a great way to relax. It’s important that we don’t go into victim mode and get too negative. When we let out our frustrations, it should be done in a positive manner, and with ease, even joking about the stress we’re under. ____58____ — Probably one of the most difficult skills at first to master, but in the end one of the most rewarding to learn in our fast-paced society is the attitude of gratitude. We can do some gratitude lists making right on the spot to get out of our heads and away from all that we wished we had but don’t, and to be thankful for all that we do have. I believe learning how to do this will relax you in a way that will change your life for the better. A. You can either lie down on the floor or sit comfortably to relax yourself. B. Be grateful for what you have. C. Be thankful to your friends. D. In this article we will present a few tips on how to relax your mind from stress. E. In addition, deeper breath helps to get rid of harmful substances in your lungs. F. Sometimes we need to just let out our frustrations and worries to a close friend. 【答案】55. D 56. E 57. F 58. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要提供了一些如何放松心情的建议。 【55题详解】 上文“One doesn’t have to live this way, in stress and struggle. (一个人不必在这样的压力和困境中生活)”说明人们应该摆脱压力和困境，选项D“在这篇文章中，我们将提供一些关于如何从压力中放松心情的建议。”承接上文，说明文章主题，将提供如何放松心情的建议。故选D。 【56题详解】 上文“You should try to deepen and lengthen your breath to lower the stress level and promote relaxation. (你应该试着加深和延长你的呼吸，以降低压力水平，促进放松)”说明深呼吸促进放松的一项作用，选项E“此外，深呼吸有助于排出肺部的有害物质。”承接上文，补充说明深呼吸的其他作用。故选E。 【57题详解】 上文“Let it all out (尽情宣泄吧)”建议用宣泄的方式放松，选项F“有时候我们只需要向亲密的朋友发泄我们的沮丧和担忧。”承接上文，具体说明怎样宣泄自己的不良情绪，引出下文“So calling or meeting up with a person who can listen and empathize with us, is often a great way to relax. (因此，打电话或与一个能倾听和同情我们的人见面通常是一种放松的好方法)”和选项形成因果关系。故选F。 【58题详解】 下文“Probably one of the most difficult skills at first to master, but in the end one of the most rewarding to learn in our fast-paced society is the attitude of gratitude. (也许一开始最难掌握的技能之一，但最终在我们快节奏的社会中最值得学习的是感恩的态度)”建议学会感恩，选项B“感激你所拥有的。”引领下文，建议感恩自己所拥有的。语义一致，故选B。 IV. Translation (12分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 59. 长安，中国的前首都，是丝绸之路的起点。（former）（汉译英） _______________________________________________ 【答案】Chang’an the former capital of China, was the starting point of the Silk Road. 【解析】 【详解】考查同位语、名词短语和动词时态。根据句意，该句描述历史事实，使用一般过去时；主语“长安”为Chang’an，位于句首，首字母需大写；“中国的前首都”为the former capital of China，是同位语，对Chang’an进行补充说明，其中former为形容词，表示“以前的”，capital为名词，of China为介词短语作后置定语；谓语“是”为was，因主语指单一城市且动作发生在过去；表语“丝绸之路的起点”为the starting point of the Silk Road，其中starting point为固定搭配，表示“起点”，of the Silk Road为介词短语修饰point。故翻译为Chang’an, the former capital of China, was the starting point of the Silk Road. 60. 在面对挑战时，他的幽默感鼓舞了整个团队。(inspire) （汉译英） _______________________________________________ 【答案】His sense of humor inspired the whole team when they were faced with difficulty. 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句和短语。主语“他的幽默感”为his sense of humor；表示“鼓舞”用动词inspire；表示“整个团队”为the whole team；引导时间状语从句，用when，主语为they；表示“面对挑战”用be faced with difficulty。发生在过去用一般过去时。故翻译为His sense of humor inspired the whole team when they were faced with difficulty. 61. 尽管压力很大，他还是成功地完成了这项艰巨的任务。(Despite) （汉译英） _______________________________________________ 【答案】Despite a lot of stress, he succeeded in finishing the difficult task. 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语、动词短语和时态。根据句意以及句子提示词可知，表示“尽管压力很大”应为介词短语Despite a lot of stress作状语，表示“他”应用he；表示“成功做某事”应为动词短语succeed in doing sth；表示“完成了这项艰巨的任务”应为动词短语finish the difficult task，此处使用动名词形式作宾语；结合句意可知，该句应为陈述过去发生的事情，为一般过去时。故翻译为：Despite a lot of stress, he succeeded in finishing the difficult task. 62. 雨林被破坏的速度如此之快，将来它们可能会消失。(destroy) （汉译英） _______________________________________________ 【答案】Rainforests are being destroyed at such a high speed that they could disappear in the future. 【解析】 【详解】考查短语、时态、语态和状语从句。“雨林”用名词rainforest，泛指，用复数形式；“被破坏”用现在进行时的被动语态，表示现阶段正在进行的动作，翻译为are being destroyed；“以……速度”用短语at a...speed；表示“高的”应用high；“如此……以至于……”用such...that...引导结果状语从句；“将来”用短语in the future；“它们可能会消失”翻译为they could disappear。故翻译为Rainforests are being destroyed at such a high speed that they could disappear in the future. V. Writing (15分) 63. 同学们进入高中已经有两个月时间，肯定感受到了初高中在学习和生活上的差异。假设你是李华，给以前的初中班主任老师写封信，结合事例阐述你感受最深的差异，以及你是如何应对高中生活或是今后你将如何应对。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Mr. Wang,​ Time flies! Two months into senior high, I want to share its differences from junior high and how I adapt.​ The biggest difference is learning autonomy. Unlike your detailed guidance before, senior high teachers encourage independent exploration. I once struggled with a math problem but now make weekly study plans and join a math group.​ Life independence is another change. Living in the dorm, I manage daily tasks myself — after almost missing self-study, I set alarms and learn housework from roommates.​ I’ll keep improving and always remember your teachings. How are you lately? Hope to hear from you.​ Wish you good health!​ Yours sincerely,​ Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生给以前的初中班主任老师写封信，结合事例阐述你感受最深的差异，以及你是如何应对高中生活或是今后你将如何应对。 【详解】1.词汇积累 鼓励：encourage→motivate 加入：join→participate in 想要：want to do→feel like doing 记住：remember→keep in mind 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I’ll keep improving and always remember your teachings. 拓展句：I’ll keep improving and always remember your teachings that have had an influence on me. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Living in the dorm, I manage daily tasks myself — after almost missing self-study, I set alarms and learn housework from roommates.（运用了现在分词作状语） 【高分句型2】I’ll keep improving and always remember your teachings.（运用了动名词作宾语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $高一，其中听力部分现在开始。When listening comprehension section a directions in section a, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said, the conversations and the questions will be spoken only once after you hear a conversation, and of the question about IT, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard one fast in your seat belt, sir. Of course, I didn't . realize we were going to learn so soon. Question. where does this conversation most probably take place? Too, do you have a single room with a bath for tonight and . tomorrow night? Just a moments, sir? Well, we haven't any singles left, i'm afraid, but we could let you have a twin Bettered room for the same . Price question, who is the woman most likely to be? Three, i'd like to send this package by rapid service. sure. That will cost two dollars for the postage and another one dollar and fifty cents for . the rapid service question. How much will that cost a man to send the package? Four, hurry up. There's a bus coming. Why run? There will be another one in two or three minutes. Question, what does the woman mean? Five, well, your apartment looks great. When do you have time to paint? IT. I didn't. I had IT done professionally. Question, what does the woman say about her apartment? Six, why are you leaving so early? The drama doesn't start until eight. I don't want to be at the traffic. There is terrible on the expressway during the rush hour. Question, what does the man mean? Seven, Victor is really something he needed. Got killed when he tried to rescue a drowning boy yesterday. Well, so far as I know, that was not the first dangerous situation he was in . for others. Question, what do we learn about Victor from the conversation? eight. I'm sorry, madam. The coach is somewhere behind schedule. That's alright. I'll just sit here and read the newspaper in the meantime. Question, what do we learn about the coach from the conversation? nine. Well, that's a big assignment we've got for the english class. Well, it's not as bad as IT looks. IT isn't due until thursday morning. Question, what does the woman mean? Ten, hello, track, how come you're sweating on such a cold day? Sorry, i'm late for the meeting. Just after I passed through the supermarket, my car broke down, so I decided to rush all the way here. Question, what do we learn about the woman? Section b directions in section b, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passengers and the conversation. The passengers and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions eleven through thirteen are based on the following passage. It's sixty years ago since lego patented their little plastic blocks, and since then over six hundred billion bricks have been produced. While some people think they go is just for children, or that being grown up means leaving playful ness behind, my job often includes convincing fully grown adults in sensible jobs to play with lego and build whatever comes to mind. As a lego serious play facilitator, I ask people to build their thoughts, ideas and feelings, the serious play aspect, encouraging participants to get created through play. This allows people to put aside their usual barriers and respond in a more natural freeway. This has been shown to awakened narratives and expressions not usually available, because when people are playful, they can say and do things they don't Normally say and do, and when we say things we don't know me say, we get to talk about things that we don't Normally to talk about. The lego serious play method asked participants to build models that represent their thinking. This gives them the space to consider their own ideas without the influence of other people's input. IT means that when they are then asked to present their ideas, these are already formed and not subject to any commonly held view. Through this, people can find more original and honest voices. Now listen again. It's sixty years ago since lego presented their little place blocks, and since then over six hundred billion bricks have been produced. While some people think they go is just for children, or that being grown up means leaving playful ness behind, my job often includes convincing fully grown adults in sensible jobs to play with lego and build whatever comes to mind. As a lego serious play facilitator, I ask people to build their thoughts, ideas and feelings. The serious play aspect encourages participants to get created through play. This allows people to put aside their usual barriers and respond in a more natural freeway. This has been shown to awakened narratives, and expression is not usually available because when people are playful, they can say and do things they don't Normally say and do, and when we say things we don't know me say, we get to talk about things that we don't know me to talk about. The lego serious play method asked participants to build models that represent their thinking. This gives them the space to consider their own ideas without the influence of other people's input. IT means that when they are then asked to present their ideas, these are already formed and not subject to any commonly held view. Through this, people can find more original and honest voices. Questions eleven, what does the speaker's job include? Twelve, how does serious play benefit participants? Thirteen, why does the legal serious play method ask participants to build models? Questions fourteen through sixteen are based on the following passage. Many people suffer from some form of extreme anxiety. Some experience occasional attacks of panic for almost no reason. Others go around in a state of continual uneasy. How do we control anxiety? The best way is to take drugs that help patients manage their anxiety. Patients who take these drugs say that they are able to work, to sleep and to go to places they fear to visit before, but the effects of the drugs on the human body, especially on the nervous system, have not been known for a long time. Scientists have started a series of studies to identify the effects of the drugs on the brain and have gained some insight into the costs and benefits of the entire anxiety drugs. They're valuable because they can reduce the effects of expected failure, frustration and disappointment, but the value demands a Price to. Effects of the drugs are obviously harmful. First, they weaken a persons ability to react to changes. Second, they fail to help a person deal with unexpected troubles. IT is fairly certain that people will meet with problems they have never expected, so these harmful effects may make the Price of anti anxiety drugs too high. Now listen again, many people suffer from sun form of extreme anxiety. Some experience occasional attacks of panic for almost no reason. Others go around in a state of continual and easy. How do we control anxiety? The best way is to take drugs that help patients manage their anxiety. Patients who take these drugs say that they are able to work, to sleep and to go to places they fear to visit before. But the effects of the drugs on the human body, especially on the nervous system, have not been known for a long time. Scientists have started a series of studies to identify the effects of the drugs on the brain and have gained some insight into the costs and benefits of the entire anxiety drugs. They're valuable because they can reduce the effects of expected failure, frustration and disappointment, but the value demands a Price to. Effects of the drugs are obviously harmful. First, they weaken a person's ability to react to changes. Second, they felt to help a person deal with unexpected troubles. IT is fairly certain that people will meet with problems they have never expected, so these harmful effects may make the Price of anti anxiety drugs too high. Questions fourteen, according to the speaker, what is the best way to manage anxiety? Fifteen, what does the speaker say about the anti anxiety drugs? Sixteen, what harmful effect do the anti anxiety drugs have? 2022学年第一学期高一英语期中质量检测 总分：100分 时间：90分钟 I. Listening Comprehension Section A (10分) Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. At a shop. B. In a car. C. On a plane. D. On a farm. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. A travel agent. B. An office secretary. C. A sales manager. D. A hotel receptionist. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. $2. B. $1.5. C. $3. D. $3.5. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. The next bus is coming soon. B. The bus will wait a few minutes at the stop. C. There are only two or three passengers on the bus. D. They can catch this bus without running. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. She decided to paint it later. B. She finally had time to paint it. C. Someone painted it for her. D. Some friends will help paint it. 6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. He wants to go early to avoid the traffic jam. B. He wants to get to the theater before the movie is over. C. He doesn’t know the way to the theater. D. He doesn’t usually leave his office at 8:00. 7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. He is shy. B. He is heroic. C. He is dangerous. D. He is awkward. 8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. It’s delayed. B. It’s overcrowded. C. It’s nearly empty. D. It’s cancelled. 9. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. The assignment looks easy but actually it’s quite hard. B. The assignment is too difficult for them to complete on time. C. They can’t finish the assignment before Thursday. D. They have plenty of time to work on the assignment. 10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. She was running a fever. B. She had to run a long way to the meeting. C. She was involved in a car accident. D. She had her car stolen near the supermarket. Section B (9分) Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages. After each passage, you will be asked several questions. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. A. Learning children’s ideas of Lego. B. Attracting adults to Lego. C. Designing Lego bricks. D. Building Lego models. 12. A. Having them communicate more freely. B. Removing the barriers on their way to success. C. Bringing them back to normal. D Making them more intelligent. 13. A. Because they can thus stick to commonly-held views. B. Because they can thus present their ideas naturally. C. Because they can thus form their own thoughts. D Because they can thus modify their voices properly. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. A. To take medicine. B. To sleep more. C. To work less. D. To go travelling. 15. A. They are not harmful to the brain. B. Their benefits have been ignored. C. They are not priced reasonably. D. They both have useful and harmful effects. 16. A. They damage a person’s mental health. B. They reduce a person’s chance of recovery. C. They slow down a person’s reaction to changes. D. They worsen a person’s existing trouble. II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A (10分) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Sanlitun is an area of Beijing popular for outings. Yet its recent attraction was unique. A concert ____17____ features music pieces by famous composers has taken place there. The concert also opens this year’s China Youth Music Competition-Hummingbird Music Award. The competition ____18____ (base) on the German Music Council’s music competition for young performers in Germany. Winners of the two competitions are offered the opportunity ____19____ (perform). Zhang, organizer of the concert, met Benedict, Holtbernd, the artistic manager of the German Music Council in 2014. Since then the event ____20____ (serve) as an important cultural bridge between young people of China and Germany. In Sanlitun the young musicians show their musical talent and the beauty of chamber music. Because they do it at close range, they ____21____ receive immediate response from the audience. One of the performers is Jiang, who is studying at the middle school of the Central Conservatory of Music. ____22____ he first took part in the competition in 2016, he performed with another performer. ____23____ was a rare chance for him to play with another person who shared the joy of music with him. “It was ____24____ eye-opening experience because I got to know a total foreign musical instrument and as a team we won first prize.” He is now keen ____25____ playing chamber music and he is prepared to study conducting, which will allow him to become ____26____ (skillful) in playing other musical instruments. Section B (10分) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need. A. grows B. temper C. comforts D. avoid E. attention F. mixed G. consider H. effects I. pleased J. cheerful K. dissatisfied There are two types of people in the world. Although they have equal degree of health and wealth and other ____27____ of life, one becomes happy, the other becomes unhappy. This rises from the different ways in which they ____28____ things, persons, events and the resulting effects upon their minds. People who are to be happy fix their ____29____ on the convenience of things — the pleasant parts of conversation the well prepared dishes, the goodness of the wine, the fine weather. They enjoy all the ____30____ things. Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the opposite things. Therefore, they are continually ____31____. By their remarks, they fail the pleasure of society, offend many people, and make themselves disagreeable everywhere. If this turn of mind was founded in nature, such unhappy persons would be the more to be pitied. The intention of criticizing and being disliked is perhaps taken up by imitation. It ____32____ into a habit, unknown to its possessors. The habit may be strong, but it may be cured when those who have it realize its bad ____33____ on their interest and tastes. I hope this little warning may be of service to them, and help them change this habit. Although in fact it is chiefly an act of the imagination, it has serious results in life since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck. Those people offend many others; nobody loves them, and no one treats them with more than the most common politeness and respect. This frequently puts them in bad ____34____ and draws them into arguments. If they aim at getting some advantages in social position or fortune, nobody wishes them success. Nor will anyone start a step or speak a word to favor their hopes. If they bring on themselves public objections, no one will defend or excuse them, and many will join to criticize their wrongdoings. They should change this bad habit and be ____35____ with what is pleasing, without worrying needlessly about themselves and others. If they do not, it will be good for others to ____36____ any contact with them. Otherwise, it can be disagreeable and sometimes very inconvenient, especially when one becomes mixed up in their quarrels. III. Reading Comprehension Section A (10分) Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. There is a tendency to think of each of the arts as a separate area of activity. Many artists, ____37____, would prove that there has always been a warm relationship between the various areas of human activity. ____38____, in the late nineteenth century the connections between music and painting were particularly ____39____. Artists were invited to ____40____ clothes and settings for operas and ballets, but sometimes it was the musicians who were inspired (给……以灵感) by the work of contemporary painters. Of the musical compositions that were considered as responses to the visual arts, perhaps the most famous is Mussorgsky’s Pictures at an Exhibition. Mussorgsky ____41____ the piece in 1874 after the death of the artist Victor Hartmann. Though their friendship had not been a particularly long-lasting one, Mussorgsky was shocked by Hartmann’s ____42____ death. The following year the critic, Vladimir Stasov, who decided to hold an exhibition of Hartmann’s work, suggested that Mussorgsky try to ____43____ his grief by writing something in memory of Hartmann. The exhibition served as Mussorgsky’s inspiration. The ten pieces that ____44____ Pictures at an Exhibition are intended as symbols rather than representations of the paintings in the exhibition. Between each is a promenade (舞曲中的行进), as the composer walks from one painting to another. The music is sometimes witty and playful, sometimes almost ____45____ and frightening. Through a range of surprising ____46____, Mussorgsky manages to convey the spirit of the artist and his work. 37. A. therefore B. however C. moreover D. otherwise 38. A. For example B. On the contrary C. In general D. On the other hand 39. A. separate B. unknown C. close D. different 40. A. link B. add C. design D. learn 41. A. forgot B. composed C. lost D. picked 42. A. unavoidable B. undiscovered C. unnecessary D. unexpected 43. A. control B. relieve C. conceal D. represent 44. A. make up B. leave for C. give away D. put away 45. A. fascinating B. inspiring C. charming D. alarming 46. A. paintings B. topics C. contrasts D. visions Section B (16分) Directions: Read the following two passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) If you find yourself unable to go more than 15 minutes without reaching into your pocket pulling out your smartphone and checking your e-mail or microblog, don’t worry. You are hardly alone. A recent survey in the scientific journal Personal and Ubiquitous Computing shows that smartphone users have developed what the researchers call “checking habit”—repetitive checks of e-mail and other applications. The checks typically lasted less than 30 seconds and were often done within 10 minutes of each other. On average, the study subjects check their phones 34 times a day. And the surprising part is that they don’t even realize they are doing it. “I hadn’t told my hand to reach out for the phone. It seemed to be doing it all on its own,” wrote Elizabeth Cohen, a medical journalist for CNN who watched her right hand going away from her side to grab her phone sitting on the table at dinner with friends. Loren Frank, a scientist at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), explains that checking smartphones is rewarding in some way. “Each time you get an e-mail, it’s a positive feedback that you’re an important person,” Frank told CNN. “Once the brain becomes accustomed to this positive feedback, reaching out for the phone becomes an automatic action you don’t even think about consciously,” said Frank. Professor Clifford Nass of Standford University added that constantly consulting your smartphone is also “an attempt to not have to think hard but feel like you are doing something”. However, this habit can cause problems. Studies show that whenever you take a break from what you are doing to check your smartphone, it is hard to go back to your original task, according to Adam Gazzaley, a neurologist at UCSF. That’s not the worst. A survey shows that smartphones are killing close relationship. About half of the people in the survey said they had had fights with their boyfriend or girlfriend because of smartphones. 47. Which of the following is true about the recent survey in Personal and Ubiquitous Computing? A. Participants of the survey tend to pull out their smartphone every 15 minutes. B. Smartphone users have developed a “checking habit”. C. To check one’s email and microblog takes no less than 10 minutes. D. On average, people check their phones 34 times a day. 48. The story of Elizabeth Cohen is mentioned in paragraph 3 to prove that ______. A. she doesn’t really enjoy having dinner with friends B. she has a serious problem with her right hand C. people really can’t get away from their phones D. people don’t even realize their checking habit 49. According to Loren Frank of UCSF, why do people enjoy checking their phones? A. Because checking phones brings them real life rewards. B. Because owing smartphones makes them important people. C. Because getting something like e-mail brings a positive feeling. D. Because checking a phone makes them feel like doing something. 50. According to the passage, the worst problem the checking habit can cause may be ______. A. incapability to concentrate on the task B. neurological problems hard to deal with C. damage done to close relationship D. a lot of efforts to fight the habit (B) Obesity is becoming one of the biggest threats to children’s health, a recent nationwide investigation has warned, pointing out that students’ physical indicators are declining because of a lack of enough exercise. The past five years have witnessed fast growth in the number of fat children -- in some big cities, the number has even doubled, the survey showed. In Beijing, for example, latest figures from the local education authorities show that the height, weight and chest measurement of young students keep expanding, while physical indices, such as lung capacity, speed and strength, are going down. The blood pressure of half the secondary school students is above normal; and the number of obese students has increased by 50 percent compared with five years age. In the urban areas of Beijing and five other economically more developed regions, the average obesity rate of male students in primary schools has reached 12.9 percent. Nationwide, the obesity rate of children is 8.1 percent and 3.1 percent in urban and rural areas. “China has entered the era of obesity,” Beijing-based Workers’ Daily quoted Ji Chengye of the Child and Adolescent Health Section of the China Preventive Medicine Association as saying. “Childhood is the first age group affected by obesity, to which society has not paid enough attention,” Ji said. “Obesity in childhood will influence health for life,” the expert added. The increase in indoor activities such as watching television, surfing the Internet, playing computer games or doing homework, is one of the main reasons for children’s obesity, according to Ji, because it means lack of exercise and little chance for burning calories. Another reason is consumption of excessive junk food. “In the past, children used to drink water. Now they prefer sweet beverages; and some have totally given up water,” Ji said. He also blamed intensive promotions of sweets and junk food, which make it hard for children to resist the temptation. Also, because of pressure of competition to enter good higher schools, teachers sacrifice students’ physical exercise time for classes. For instance about 60 percent of school masters in Beijing admitted that the one hour of outdoor physical exercises per day is not always followed. “Problems of obesity will not only influence children’s physical and psychological development but also become a ‘time bomb’ for the country’s future economic development and public health system,” said Chen Chunming, head of International Life Sciences Institute Focal Point in China. 51. Problems of obesity will not ________. A. influence children’s physical and psychological development B. affect the country’s future economic development C. have some effect on the country’s public health system D. harm human history 52. In Beijing, which figure from the local education authorities does not keep expanding? A. height B. weight C. chest measurement D. lung capacity 53. What does the underlined word “obesity” mean? A. being strong B. being too small C. being too fat D. being too tall 54. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. child obesity has become a big problem B. the problem of child obesity is especially serious in Beijing C. China has entered the era of obesity D. lacking enough exercise is the main reason for children’s obesity Section C (8分) Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. How to Relax Your Mind Nowadays, people everywhere seem to find less and less time available to them, and more and more things to achieve. It’s quite common to find people running around like headless chickens meeting deadlines that they create. One doesn’t have to live this way, in stress and struggle. ____55____ Breathing — I can’t stress enough the importance of learning how to breathe properly, and not only when you’re stressed, but at all times that you can. Learning how to breathe properly at all times is essential. You should try to deepen and lengthen your breath to lower the stress level and promote relaxation. ____56____ Let it all out — ____57____ So calling or meeting up with a person who can listen and empathize with us, is often a great way to relax. It’s important that we don’t go into victim mode and get too negative. When we let out our frustrations, it should be done in a positive manner, and with ease, even joking about the stress we’re under. ____58____ — Probably one of the most difficult skills at first to master, but in the end one of the most rewarding to learn in our fast-paced society is the attitude of gratitude. We can do some gratitude lists making right on the spot to get out of our heads and away from all that we wished we had but don’t, and to be thankful for all that we do have. I believe learning how to do this will relax you in a way that will change your life for the better. A. You can either lie down on the floor or sit comfortably to relax yourself. B. Be grateful for what you have. C. Be thankful to your friends. D. In this article we will present a few tips on how to relax your mind from stress. E. In addition, deeper breath helps to get rid of harmful substances in your lungs. F. Sometimes we need to just let out our frustrations and worries to a close friend. IV. Translation (12分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 59. 长安，中国的前首都，是丝绸之路的起点。（former）（汉译英） _______________________________________________ 60. 在面对挑战时，他的幽默感鼓舞了整个团队。(inspire) （汉译英） _______________________________________________ 61. 尽管压力很大，他还是成功地完成了这项艰巨的任务。(Despite) （汉译英） _______________________________________________ 62. 雨林被破坏的速度如此之快，将来它们可能会消失。(destroy) （汉译英） _______________________________________________ V. Writing (15分) 63. 同学们进入高中已经有两个月时间，肯定感受到了初高中在学习和生活上的差异。假设你是李华，给以前的初中班主任老师写封信，结合事例阐述你感受最深的差异，以及你是如何应对高中生活或是今后你将如何应对。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $