第2部分 阅读理解 2025年最新高考题（Word练习）-【艺术生百日冲刺】2026高考英语艺术生基础生文化课成功方案

1 (2025·全国一卷，B) In my ninthgrade writing class last year，I met a cowboy who saved his town，a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A's，and a modernday Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life.More than once，I found myself wondering just how my students，who'd created these people，knew their subjects so well. But things were different for their first essay，which was about the question：“ Why is writing important？”Most of the essays filled less than one page，and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement.I was shocked.Then I realized that the problem was the question itself.They could have written pages on the necessity of computers，but writing，in and of itself，simply didn't strike them as important.This would have to change. As a new unit started，I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a healthrelated topic of their choice.This time they found the exercise much more interesting.For the next two assignments，a personalnarrative unit followed by a creativewriting workshop，I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre(体裁) and that it contain a thesis.The results were staggering．The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories，10 to 20 pages each，with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart. I walked into class believing that writing is important as a means of communication.However，my students demonstrated something more important to me.When the final bell rang in June，I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing's most powerful significance—the ability to connect people，to put us in another's skin，to teach us what it means to be human. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了一位写作课老师的教学经历。学生最初对写作的重要性缺乏理解，但在作者调整教学主题后，他们的创作热情和成果令人惊叹，这让作者认识到写作最有影响力的意义在于连接人心、传递人性。 1．Who are the people mentioned at the beginning of paragraph 1? A.Ninth graders. B.Students' parents. C.Modern writers. D.Fictional characters. 【解析】　D　推断判断题。由第一段首句可知，在作者九年级写作课上，作者遇见了一个骑马牧人、一位严厉的父亲和一个当代的“朱丽叶”。再根据第一段第二句可知，这些人物都是作者的学生创作的。由此可推知，这些人物应该都是学生在写作中创作的虚构人物。A项“九年级学生”是创作者；B项“学生的父母”未提及；C项“现代作家”与文意不符。故选D。 2．Why did the students perform poorly in writing their first essay? A.They were not given enough time. B.They had a very limited vocabulary. C.They misunderstood the question. D.They had little interest in the topic. 【解析】　D　推理判断题。根据第二段前两句可知，学生的第一篇作文的题目是“写作为什么重要？”，结果大多数文章篇幅不足一页，几乎没有能被称作论点的句子，即学生写作表现不好。然后作者对此进行了思考，意识到问题出在题目本身，学生本可以就电脑的必要性写几页文字，却压根不觉得写作本身有何重要。再结合第三段的“This time they found the exercise much more interesting.”可推知，学生们的第一篇文章写得不好是因为学生对写作的重要性缺乏理解，对话题缺乏兴趣。故选D。 3．What does the underlined word “staggering” in paragraph 3 mean? A.Mixed. B．Amazing. C.Similar. D．Disturbing. 【解析】　B　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories...touched my heart.”可知，这一次学生们选择了多元主题，交上来的故事每篇10到20页长，角色既拓宽了作者的视野，又触动了作者的内心。由此可推知，这次学生的写作成果是令人惊叹的，故画线词与B项的含义最为接近。A项“混合的”；C项“相似的”；D项“令人不安的”均不符合语境。故选B。 4．What does the author's experience show? A.Teaching is learning. B.Still waters run deep. C.Knowledge is power. D.Practice makes perfect. 【解析】　A　推理判断题。根据最后一段的“I walked into class believing that writing is important...my students demonstrated something more important to me.”和“the ability to connect people，to put us in another's skin，to teach us what it means to be human”可知，最初走进教室时，作者认为写作的重要性在于它是沟通的工具，但学生们向作者展示了其更深刻的意义，即连接人心、共情他人、理解人性，这体现了A项的“教学相长”。B项“静水流深”；C项“知识就是力量”；D项“熟能生巧”。故选A。 2 (2025·全国一卷，C) While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years，transport studies also show declines in pedestrian (行人) mobility，especially among young children.Many parents say there's too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school，so they pack them into the car instead. Dutch authors Thalia Verkade and Marco te Brömmelstroet are bothered by facts like these.In their new book Movement：How to Take Back Our Streets and Transform Our Lives，they call for a rethink of our streets and the role they play in our lives. Life on city streets started to change decades ago.Whole neighbourhoods were destroyed to make way for new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere.Some communities fought back.Most famously，a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park.Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway，Jane Jacobs called on her mayor(市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live，and not just rush through”. Similar campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well. Although these campaigns were widespread，the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car.The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly.In Australia we now have over twenty million cars for just over twentysix million people，among the highest rate of car ownership in the world. We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through，but we fail to account for the true costs.Do we really recognise what it costs us as a society when children can't move safely around our communities? The authors of Movement have it right：it's time to think differently about that street outside your front door. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。本文论述了近年街道安全改善，但行人(尤其是儿童)的活动能力下降，家长因交通隐患多开车送孩子上学。荷兰作者Thalia Verkade和Marco te Brömmelstroet对此类现象不满，在他们的新书中呼吁重新思考街道在我们生活中的作用。作者认同新书观点，呼吁重新审视街道规划。 1．What phenomenon does the author point out in paragraph 1? A.Cars often get stuck on the road. B.Traffic accidents occur frequently. C.People walk less and drive more. D.Pedestrians fail to follow the rules. 【解析】　C　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，交通研究也显示行人(尤其是儿童)的活动能力在下降。许多家长表示道路上车流量太大，孩子步行上学不安全，因此他们选择开车送孩子。C项“人们步行更少，开车更多”。故选C。 2．What were the Canadian journalist and other campaigners trying to do? A.Keep their cities livable. B.Promote cultural diversity. C.Help the needy families. D.Make expressways accessible. 【解析】　A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway，Jane Jacobs called on her mayor(市长)to champion‘New York as a decent place to live，and not just rush through’．”可知，Jane Jacobs描述了当得知公园计划被高速公路取代时的恐慌，她呼吁市长将纽约建设成一个宜居的好地方，而不仅仅是一个人们匆匆而过的地方。A项“保持他们城市的宜居性”。livable是decent place to live的同义转换。故选A。 3．What can be inferred about the campaigns in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s? A.They boosted the sales of cars. B.They turned out largely ineffective. C.They won government support. D.They advocated building new parks. 【解析】　B　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Although these campaigns were widespread，the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car.”可知，尽管这些运动很普遍，但现实是大多数西方城市都围绕着机动车的需求进行了彻底的重新设计。再结合最后一段中的“We invest a lot...but we fail to account for the true costs.”可知，这些运动并没有解决真正的需求，说明在很大程度上它们是无效的运动。B项“它们在很大程度上被证明无效”。故选B。 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A.Why the Rush? B．What's Next? C.Where to Stay? D．Who to Blame? 【解析】　A　文章主旨题。文章的核心批判是当前的城市规划和交通方式(以车为主)让人们“匆匆而过”(rush through)，只追求通行效率(help us rush through)，却忽视了这种“匆忙”(rush)带来的社会成本(如儿童失去安全活动的空间，活动能力下降)。作者呼吁重新思考街道的作用，让城市成为生活的地方，而不仅仅是通道。A项“Why the Rush？”(我们为何要如此匆忙？)直接点明了文章质疑的核心——这种追求速度、忽视生活质量的“匆忙”是否有必要？它是否值得付出如此高的社会代价？这个标题最能引发读者的批判性思考。故选A。 3 (2025·全国一卷，D) Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth—they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas，stuck inside volcanic rocks，filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow.They are even appearing inside humans. Now，new research suggests that a simple，cheap measure may significantly reduce the level of microplastics in water from your tap (水龙头)：boiling and filtering(过滤)it.In a study published Wednesday in Environmental Science & Technology Letters，researchers from China found that boiling tap water for just five minutes—then filtering it after it cools—could remove at least 80 percent of its microplastics. Crucially，this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate(碳酸钙) to trap the plastics.In the study，boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 90 percent drop in plastics.But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate，boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent.Additionally，the research didn't include all types of plastics.The team focused only on three common types—polystyrene，polyethylene and polypropylene—and they didn't study other chemicals previously found in water such as vinyl chloride. Still，the findings show a potential path forward for reducing microplastic exposure—a task that's becoming increasingly difficult.Even bottled water，scientists found earlier this year，contains 10 to 1 ，000 times more microplastics than originally thought. Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are—but what they do know has raised concerns.The new study suggests boiling tap water could be a tool to limit intake.“The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling process was nice，” Caroline GauchotteLindsay，an environmental engineer at the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was not involved in the research，tells New Scientist.“We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics.” [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。本文指出了微塑料污染的普遍性，并介绍了中国研究人员的新发现：煮沸并过滤自来水可去除水中的微塑料(效果取决于水的硬度)。 1．How does the author present the issue in the first paragraph? A.By quoting an expert. B.By defining a concept. C.By giving examples. D.By providing statistics. 【解析】　C　推理判断题。第一段中作者通过列举微塑料在深海、喜马拉雅山脉、火山岩石、海鸟胃里和南极洲下的雪中的存在，来呈现微塑料污染问题。因此，作者是通过举例子的方式来呈现问题的。C项“通过举例子”。故选C。 2．What determines the effectiveness of trapping microplastics in water? A.The hardness of water. B.The length of cooling time. C.The frequency of filtering. D.The type of plastic in water. 【解析】　A　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Crucially，this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate(碳酸钙)to trap the plastics.(至关重要的是，这一过程依赖于水中含有足够的碳酸钙来捕获塑料微粒。)”可知，水的硬度决定了捕获水中微塑料的效果。下文补充说明将含有300毫克碳酸钙的硬质水(hard water)煮沸可使微塑料含量降低近90%，但将碳酸钙含量低于60毫克的样本煮沸仅使微塑料含量降低了25%。因此，水的硬度是影响捕获微塑料效果的关键因素。A项“水的硬度”。故选A。 3．What does the author try to illustrate by mentioning bottled water in paragraph 4? A.The importance of plastic recycling. B.The severity of the microplastic problem. C.The danger in overusing pure water. D.The difficulty in treating polluted water. 【解析】　B　推理判断题。根据第四段“Still，the findings show a potential path forward...a task that's becoming increasingly difficult...contains 10 to 1，000 times more microplastics than originally thought.”可知，减少微塑料接触这项任务正变得愈发艰巨，即使是瓶装水，其微塑料含量也比最初认为的高出10至1 000倍。因此，作者试图通过提到瓶装水来强调微塑料问题的严重性。B项“微塑料问题的严重性”。故选B。 4．What is GauchotteLindsay's suggestion about? A.Choice of new research methods. B.Possible direction for further study. C.Need to involve more researchers. D.Potential application of the findings. 【解析】　D　推理判断题。最后一段中提到“We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics.”(我们应该考虑升级饮用水处理厂，使其能够去除微塑料。)，这表明GauchotteLindsay的建议与研究结果的潜在应用有关。A项“新研究方法的选择”；B项“未来研究的可能方向”；C项“更多研究者参与的需要”；D项“研究结果的潜在应用”。故选D。 4 (2025·全国二卷，B) Kathy Ho teaches high school inside Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford (LPCH).“Sometimes I don't like saying that I'm a teacher，”says Ho.“People get in their minds an idea of what teachers do，but that's not really what it is here.” “Here” is room 386，where each year，about 500 LPCH patients also become students.The hospital school is free of parents，doctors，and medical procedures.It's a place of learning.About half of Ho's students stay for a week or less；others are there for more than a year.Most of Ho's students will recover，which means that preparing them to return to school is an increasingly important component of care. Still，in room 386，academics don't come first.Physical health and mental health are the priority.“If you're scared about something and thinking only about that，there's no way you're going to be able to learn，”Ho says.“I'm a coach，an adviser，and a comforter，and that's what it means to be a hospital teacher.” There are up to 30 students at any given time in Ho's class.She generally works with their regular teachers to get lessons and tests being used at their home schools.Some teachers don't give the kids any assignments；they express sympathy instead.“I feel like it is a disservice to the kids，” Ho says.“They think their teachers don't care about their schoolwork.” Ho recognizes the psychological benefit of helping kids keep up with their peers (同龄人) outside the hospital.“I actually think the medicine is only a small piece for some problems，” says Julie Good，director of pain management services at LPCH.“It's about problemsolving around what it means to have a full life.Those kids have dreams.School can keep those dreams alive by giving kids a way to learn and grow.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Kathy Ho在开设于儿童医院中的学校里充当的角色，以及这所学校如何帮助患者在住院期间心怀梦想，继续学习。 1．Who does Ho teach at LPCH? A.Sick children. B.Young nurses. C.Medical students. D.Patients' parents. 【解析】　A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“‘Here’is room 386，where each year，about 500 LPCH patients also become students...Most of Ho's students will recover”可知，LPCH的病人会成为学生，且绝大多数学生会康复。由此可知，Ho教的学生就是医院中生病的孩子，故选A。 2．What is a characteristic of Ho's job? A.Prioritizing academics. B.Encouraging innovation. C.Treating various diseases. D.Playing multiple roles. 【解析】　D　细节理解题。根据第三段中Ho对自己工作的描述“I'm a coach，an adviser，and a comforter，and that's what it means to be a hospital teacher.”可知，Ho既是教练，又是导师和安慰者，由此可见，Ho在工作中要扮演很多不同的角色，故选D。 3．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 4? A.Offering regular lessons. B.Paying extra attention. C.Assigning no schoolwork. D.Showing no sympathy. 【解析】　C　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“I feel like it is a disservice to the kids”和下一句“They think their teachers don't care about their schoolwork.”可知，it指代的是一种会让学生感到老师不关注他们学业的行为。结合上文中的“Some teachers don't give the kids any assignments；they express sympathy instead.”可知，有些老师不给孩子们任何作业，这种行为会让孩子们觉得老师不关注他们的学业，故C项应该是it指代的具体内容。disservice“损害”。故选C。 4．How does the hospital school benefit the students according to Good? A.It eases peer pressure. B.It helps them live in hope. C.It frees them from aches. D.It entertains them with stories. 【解析】　B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中Good所说的“It's about problemsolving around what it means to have a full life.Those kids have dreams.School can keep those dreams alive by giving kids a way to learn and grow.”可知，医院学校让生病的孩子们拥有充实的生活，给他们提供了学习和成长的途径，让孩子们的梦想得以延续。由此可见，Good认为医院学校给孩子们带来的好处就是让他们能够带着希望生活，B项“它帮助他们带着希望生活”。故选B。 5 (2025·全国二卷，C) When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants，she didn't have high hopes for it.But the opposite happened：She was flooded，shipping out 1，200 orders in June of 2020 alone.In the past year，Detrinidad sent out more than 70，000 plants.Her success is just one example of increased time at home leading to an explosion in the houseplant industry. “Plants are in fashion right now，” says Dr.Melinda Knuth，a researcher from the University of Florida.“People who live in plantrich environments report a higher life satisfaction rating，”she says.“Adding more nature to our environment can change our mood and how we think.”Plants can improve our state of mind in a few ways but the biggest is by decreasing our level of cortisol，the stress hormone(激素) in our body. “Students who are around plants perform better academically than students who are in a classroom without plants，” says Knuth.“This productivity also translates into the workplace for adults.Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people who were in plantrich workplaces.” If you're among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits of surrounding yourself with plants，don't beat yourself up if one (or a few！) doesn't make it.“Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant.Tending to plants is an exercise in patience and learning.Be invested in taking care of it，but if it dies，go get another one，” Detrinidad says. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章通过Sonja Detrinidad室内盆栽植物网店的成功案例，引出绿植对人们情绪和思维影响的相关研究，最后建议人们以耐心和学习的态度对待植物养护。 1．How was Detrinidad's business when it started? A.It faced tough competition. B.It suffered a great loss. C.It got lots of financial support. D.It went surprisingly well. 【解析】　D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants，she didn't have high hopes for it.But the opposite happened：She was flooded，shipping out 1，200 orders in June of 2020 alone.”可知，Detrinidad起初对生意并不抱有很高的期望，但结果相反，订单量非常大。由此可知，Detrinidad的生意出乎意料地顺利，故选D。 2．What is one of Knuth's findings about plants? A.They appeal more to students. B.They purify the environment. C.They raise the cortisol level. D.They enhance productivity. 【解析】　D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This productivity also translates into the workplace for adults.Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people who were in plantrich workplaces.”可知，这种生产力提升同样适用于成年人的工作环境。研究表明，在植物茂盛的办公场所中，员工的病假率下降了30%。由此可知，植物能提升工作效率，故选D。 3．What does Detrinidad try to explain by mentioning doctors and lawyers? A.The necessity of social skills. B.The meaning of sustainability. C.The importance of repeated efforts. D.The value of professional opinions. 【解析】　C　推理判断题。题目问“Detrinidad试图通过提及医生和律师来解释什么？”。根据最后一段中的“Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant.”可知，作者通过提及医生和律师需要“练习”说明养护植物也需要反复尝试和学习。因此，Detrinidad谈及医生和律师是为了解释反复努力的重要性。C项“反复努力的重要性”。故选C。 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A.Time to Replace Houseplants B.Plants Boost Your Mood C.Tips on Choosing Houseplants D.Plants Brighten Your Home 【解析】　B　文章主旨题。综观全文可知，文章从一个网店的室内盆栽植物销售火爆说起，介绍绿植对人们情绪和思维影响的相关研究，倡导栽培室内盆栽植物的健康生活。B项“植物改善你的情绪”。故选B。 6 (2025·全国二卷，D) Does your soul die a little every time you throw away unused food? Mine does.Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa，where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time. Food waste is a growing concern in the restaurant，supermarket，and supply chain industries.From technological solutions to educational campaigns，food producers and sellers are looking for ways to use more of what we're already growing.But last month，one popular New York City restaurant tried a different way：It changed its menu to exclusively (专门) offer food that would otherwise be thrown away. For two weeks in March，Greenwich Village's Blue Hill restaurant was renamed wastED，and served items like fried skate cartilage，a juice pulp burger，and a dumpster diver's vegetable salad.Each dish was tailormade to raise awareness regarding food waste. A study by the Food Waste Alliance determined that the average restaurant generates 33 pounds of food waste for every $1，000 in revenue(收入)，and of that waste only 15.7% is donated or recycled.Up to 84.3% is simply thrown out.Restaurants like Silo in the UK have experimented with zerowaste systems，but wastED took the concept to its logical conclusion. It should be noted that none of the items on wastED's menu was technically made from garbage.Instead，all the ingredients(配料) used were examples of meat cuts and produce that most restaurants would never consider serving.Things like kale ribs，fish collars，rejected sweet potatoes，and cucumber butts were all reappropriated and，with the help of a number of good chefs，turned into excellent cuisine. Though wastED received enthusiastic reviews，it was designed from the start as a shortlived experiment；Blue Hill has since returned to its regular menu.Nevertheless，it serves as a reminder that there are many ways to address problems of sustainability，and that you can make an amazing meal out of almost anything. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了纽约的一家名为Blue Hill的餐厅为了提高人们对食物浪费的意识，通过将食材边角料加工成美味佳肴，生动阐释了节约食物和物尽其用的可持续发展理念，为解决可持续发展问题提供了一个参考。 1．What can be inferred about the author's early life? A.He witnessed food shortage. B.He enjoyed the local cuisine. C.He donated food to Africans. D.He helped to cook at home. 【解析】　A　推理判断题。根据题干中的“the author's early life”可以定位到第一段中的“growing up in South Africa”。根据第一段中的“the phrase ‘there are children starving in Africa’ was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time”可知，作者在南非长大，在那里“有非洲孩子在挨饿”这句话与其说是在晚餐时的祷告，不如说是一种提醒，使人想起令人不安的事实。据此可以推断，作者小时候亲眼见证过食物短缺。故选A。 2．Why did Blue Hill carry out the experiment? A.To customize dishes for guests. B.To make the public aware of food waste. C.To test a food processing method. D.To improve the UK's zerowaste systems. 【解析】　B　细节理解题。根据题干中的Blue Hill可以定位到第三段。根据第三段中的“Each dish was tailormade to raise awareness regarding food waste.”可知，Blue Hill进行这项实验的目的是提高人们关于食物浪费的意识，故B项正确。 3．What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A.Why the ingredients were used. B.Which dishes were best liked. C.What the dishes were made of. D.Where the ingredients were bought. 【解析】　C　段落主旨题。根据第五段中的“none of the items on wastED's menu was technically made from garbage”可知，wastED菜单上的东西不是由废料制作的；再由下文中的“all the ingredients(配料)used were examples of meat cuts...turned into excellent cuisine”可知，使用的所有配料都是大多数餐厅决不会考虑提供的肉块和农产品，这些食材经过重新利用并在一些优秀厨师的帮助下被转化为美味佳肴。由此可知，本段主要讲述的是wastED菜单上的菜肴是由什么制成的。故选C。 4．What can we learn about wastED? A.It has ended as planned. B.It is creating new jobs. C.It has regained popularity. D.It is criticized by top chefs. 【解析】　A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Though wastED received enthusiastic reviews，it was designed from the start as a shortlived experiment；Blue Hill has since returned to its regular menu.”可知，尽管wastED收到了热情的评论，但这从一开始设计的就是一个短暂的实验，而Blue Hill在实验结束后又回到了它的常规菜单。据此可以推断，wastED按原定计划实施完毕。故选A。 7 (2025·浙江卷1月，A) Interlibrary Loan (ILL) provides teachers，students and staff with access to books that are checked out or not owned by our own libraries，as well as digitized copies of articles and book chapters from our collection. Who Can Borrow? Current students，teachers (including retired) and staff can request items through ILL.Interlibrary loan is not available to former students，guest borrowers or feecard holders. How Long Does It Take? Articles are usually received within 1－2 days and books in 5－10 days.However，obtaining items that are rare，recently published or in high demand may take longer.To speed up the process，please make sure the information you submit through the ILL Request Form is accurate. Length of Loans Loan periods are established by the lending library.All due dates are noted on the label.Borrowed items are subject to recall by the lending library.Any restrictions established by the lending library will be indicated on the label.No renewals(续借) are allowed for physical items borrowed through ILL. Notification/Delivery Options For a physical item，you will be notified by email when it arrives.Items are picked up at one of our libraries—the one you selected in the ILL Request Form.For an article or book chapter，you will be notified by email when it is available.To obtain the article or chapter，click on the link provided in the email and log into your ILL account.Once in your account，select Electronic Articles Received. Interlibrary Loan Fees Library Type Loan Cost Article/Chapter Cost NonProfit Libraries $15 $10 ForProfit Libraries $20 $12 International Libraries $25 $15 [语篇解读]　这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了馆际互借服务，及其使用过程中的注意事项、费用等。 1．Who can use the ILL service? A．Former students. B．Guest borrowers. C．Retired teachers. D．Feecard holders. 【解析】　C　细节理解题。根据Who Can Borrow？部分中的“Current students，teachers (including retired) and staff can request items through ILL.”可知，在校生、教职工(包括退休教师)可以通过ILL申请借书，故选C。 2．What is a rule for borrowing a print book through ILL? A．Pay an extra fee for delivery. B．Renew it before the due date. C．Pick it up at the lending library. D．Return it when it is recalled. 【解析】　D　细节理解题。根据Length of Loans部分中的“Borrowed items are subject to recall by the lending library.”可知，外借物品由外借图书馆收回。由此可知，通过ILL借阅的纸质书，当它被收回时，需要归还，故选D。 3．How much do you pay for two articles obtained from an international library? A．$15. B．$20. C．$24. D．$30. 【解析】　D　细节理解题。根据表格中的“Article/Chapter Cost”所在列和“International Libraries”所在行可知，在国际图书馆借阅一篇文章需要花15美元，故借两篇文章需要花15×2＝30(美元)，故选D。 8 (2025·浙江卷1月，B) When I was a child I was often told what not to eat.“You don't want to get fat” was on constant repeat throughout my childhood.It really messed up my relationship with food—something that took me years to overcome.Because of this，I'm careful not to connect what my kids weigh with their worth as people.I encourage my daughter to make healthy snack choices and often dissuade (劝阻) her from a second dessert.But one day when I heard her saying “I think I'm too fat”， my heart sank.It made me wonder if giving her advice on snacks was having an unintentionally negative impact. According to Charlotte Markey，a professor of psychology，food is one of the rare subjects where，as parents，saying less is more.“ There are so many things in parenting that are good to talk through，but I'm not convinced that food is one of them，” she says.“It just creates some worries and insecurities in kids that aren't necessarily healthy.” Instead，she recommends applying a wellknown concept among nutrition experts called the “Division of Responsibility”， where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times，and the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume—even if that means occasionally eating more cookies than carrots. Allowing kids to eat what they want also exposes them to the natural consequences of their decisions.“When your child says，‘My stomach hurts，’ you can say，‘Well you had a lot of sugary foods and you might feel better if you made some other choices，’” says Markey.“Let them feel like they have some control over it.” I've been trying out these strategies and I've found that when I'm less restrictive，they do make better decisions.“Feeding is a long game，” says Markey.“The food you have available makes a huge difference.Even if they don't eat it，they're seeing it.And then all of a sudden it clicks.” [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。作者通过自身经历引出对孩子饮食教育方式的探讨，建议父母语言适度，并基于“责任分工”这一理念来帮助孩子建立健康饮食习惯。 1．What can be inferred about the author from the first paragraph? A．She is upset by her kids' weight. B．She is critical of the way she was fed. C．She is interested in making food. D．She is particular about what she eats. 【解析】　B　推理判断题。第一段前两句讲在作者小时候，作者经常被告知哪些食物不能吃，“你不想变胖”这句话在作者的童年时期不断被重复。然后讲父母这种喂养方式对作者的影响，即“It really messed up my relationship with food—something that took me years to overcome.(它真的破坏了我与食物的关系——我花了很多年才克服。)”由此可推知，作者对父母的喂养方式进行了批判，故选B。 2．Which of the following would Markey disapprove of? A.Allowing kids to eat cookies occasionally. B．Offering various foods to kids at fixed times. C．Explaining to kids the risks of taking snacks. D.Talking with kids about school at mealtimes. 【解析】　C　推理判断题。根据第二段Charlotte Markey所说的话“There are so many things in parenting that are good to talk through，but I'm not convinced that food is one of them”可知，在养育子女时，很多事情是值得详细讨论的，但食物不在其中，故C项“向孩子解释吃零食的风险”是Charlotte Markey不主张的。故选C。 3．What should kids do according to the “Division of Responsibility”？ A．Make diet decisions on their own. B．Share their food with other kids. C．Eat up what is provided for them. D．Help their parents do the dishes. 【解析】　A　细节理解题。根据题干的“Division of Responsibility”可将答案定位在第三段。根据该段的“where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times，and the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume”可知，根据“责任分工”理念，父母被建议在固定的时间为孩子提供各种各样的基本健康的食品，孩子们自己决定他们吃什么和吃多少，故选A。 4．What does the author think of the strategies she has been following? A．Costly. B．Complex. C．Workable. D．Contradictory. 【解析】　C　观点态度题。根据最后一段的“I've been trying out these strategies and I've found that when I'm less restrictive，they do make better decisions.”可知，作者一直在尝试这些策略，作者发现当自己对孩子的限制更少时，他们确实做出了更好的决定。由此可知，作者认为她遵循的策略是有效果的，C项workable“可行的，行得通的”正确。costly“代价高的，损失大的”；complex“复杂的，难懂的”；contradictory“相互矛盾的，对立的”。故选C。 9 (2025·浙江卷1月，C) A novel design approach to gardening has been gaining in popularity worldwide.Referred to as matrix planting，this approach aims for nature to do a lot more of the heavy lifting in the garden，and even some of the designing.Eschewing fertilizers (化肥) and power tools，it's based on an elegantly simple principle：to garden more like nature does. The concept was born when German city planners sought to plant large areas of parkland after World War Ⅱ in a reproducible way that would need minimal maintenance.Planners created planting mixes that could be used modularly (模块化).In a matrix garden，plants with similar cultural needs are grouped so that they will grow together above and below ground，forming a cooperative ecosystem that conserves water and discourages weeds. Dutch plantsman and designer Piet Oudolf's gardens popularized this style，adding artistic flavors to the planting mixes while playing with color and form，including fourseason interest and serving the needs of wildlife.Beautiful yearround，they invite you to enjoy the smallest detail，from the sound of grasses in the gentle wind to the sculpture of oddlooking seed heads. It takes a lot of thought to look this natural.While matrix gardens appear wild，they are carefully planned，with cultural needs the first consideration.Led by the concept of “right plant，right place”， they match plants that enjoy the same soil，sun and weather conditions，and arrange them according to their patterns of growth. The benefits are substantial for both the gardener and planet.With human inputs dramatically reduced，the garden's ecology can develop well.Established matrix gardens should not need the life support we give most gardens：fertilizer，dividing，regular watering.Compared to traditional garden plots，they increase carbon absorption，reduce stormwater runoff and boost habitat and biodiversity significantly. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。“矩阵式”种植方法是一种越来越受欢迎的新颖的园艺设计方法，其目的是让大自然在花园中承担更多的艰巨工作，甚至是一些设计。该种植方法基于一个简单的原则，即更加像大自然一样地种植花木。 1．What does the underlined word “Eschewing” in the first paragraph mean? A．Running out of. B．Keeping away from. C．Putting up with. D．Taking advantage of. 【解析】　B　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“it's based on an elegantly simple principle：to garden more like nature does”可知，“矩阵式”种植方法基于一个简单的原则，即更加像大自然一样地种植花木。结合常识可知，自然种植不会用到化肥和电动工具，故画线词的意思与B项“远离”最为接近。run out of“用完，耗尽”；put up with“容忍，忍受”；take advantage of“利用”。故选B。 2．Why was the idea of matrix planting introduced? A．To control weeds in large gardens. B．To bring in foreign species of plants. C．To conserve soil and water resources. D．To develop lowmaintenance parkland. 【解析】　D　细节理解题。根据第二段的“The concept was born when German city planners sought to plant large areas of parkland after World War Ⅱ in a reproducible way that would need minimal maintenance.”可知，“矩阵式”种植方法的概念诞生于德国二战后，当时的城市规划者试图使用一种可复制的方式来开发大面积的公园用地，这种方法需要最少的维护。由此可知，推行“矩阵式”种植方法是为了开发低维护成本的公园用地。A项“为了管理大型花园中的杂草”；B项“为了引进外来植物”；C项“为了保护水土资源”。故选D。 3．Which of the following best describes Piet Oudolf's gardens? A．Traditional. B．Oddlooking. C．Tasteful. D．Wellprotected. 【解析】　C　推理判断题。根据题干中的“Piet Oudolf's gardens”可快速将答案定位到第三段。根据第三段的“adding artistic flavors to the planting mixes while playing with color and form，including fourseason interest and serving the needs of wildlife.Beautiful yearround”可知，Piet Oudolf 的花园在巧妙地利用色彩和表现形式的同时，在混合种植中增添了艺术气息，包括四季皆宜的观赏性，并满足野生动物的需求，这些花园全年都很美丽，故C项tasteful“高雅的，雅致的，优美的”符合语境。oddlooking“外表怪异的，奇形怪状的”；wellprotected“受良好保护的”。故选C。 4．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A．The future of gardening is WILD B．Nature treats all lives as EQUALS C．Matrix gardens need more CARE D．Old garden plots work WONDERS 【解析】　A　文章主旨题。本文第一段引入话题“矩阵式”种植方法，介绍该方法的目的和基本原则；第二段介绍该方法的诞生及基本操作方式；第三段以Piet Oudolf的花园为例，讲述了采用该方法种植的花园的特色；第四段讲这种花园是经过精心规划的；最后一段讲这样种植方法带来的生态好处。由此可知，本文主要介绍了“矩阵式”种植方法。文章的第一段是本文的主旨段，“A novel design approach to gardening has been gaining in popularity worldwide.”表明“矩阵式”种植方法在全世界越来越受欢迎，即这种方法是种植花木的未来；“it's based on an elegantly simple principle：to garden more like nature does”表明“矩阵式”种植方法的核心是倡导像大自然一样种植花木，即模仿自然设计园林。故A项“园艺的未来是自然生长”最适合作本文的标题。B项“大自然平等对待所有生命”；C项“‘矩阵式’花园需要更多照看”；D项“老旧的花园地块创造奇迹”。故选A。 10 (2025·北京卷，A) Join us for TransForm, the interactive summer camp that helps you teens find your passion by participating in various activities and connecting with others. Experience TransForm TransForm allows you to get to focus on your chosen track through subject matter talks, handson workshops, and offsite experiences.However, if you are unsure what track you want, you still get to explore any workshop you want as part of our Explore Workshops.Besides, your parents will also be able to participate in workshops selected just for them to learn about cuttingedge science. Schedule of Programming 　　　　　　　17 July Time　　　　　Activities 14：00—15：00 Lead to Change Kickoff 15：00—16：30 Programme Showcase 16：30—18：00 Track Workshops 续表 　　　　　　　18 July Time　　　　　　　Activities 9：30—11：00 Career Fireside Chats 13：00—14：15 Youth Panel 14：15—16：20 Track Keynotes 　　　　　　　19 July Time　　　　　　　　Activities 8：00—12：00 Offsite Experiences 13：00—15：00 Gallery Viewing 15：15—16：45 Adult Workshops 　　　　　　　20 July Time　　　　　　　　Activities 9：00—11：15 Explore Workshops 13：30—16：00 Keynote Speech 16：15—17：00 Celebration 　　Programming Tracks ·Agricultural Science: Introducing you to areas such as biology, urban farming, and environmental science so that you can explore the field of agriculture ·Community Booster: Guiding you to develop innovative solutions for realworld challenges and create transformative progress to benefit all communities ·Healthy Living: Empowering you to make healthy decisions in such areas as nutrition and emotional wellbeing, and lead healthy lifestyles. ·Science Lab: Leading you to explore the skills you need to succeed in life in key areas like computer science, robotics, and physics [语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文。介绍了青少年互动夏令营 TransForm的相关信息，包括活动体验、日程安排以及课程方向等内容。 1．TransForm allows the teens to ________． A．select workshops for their parents B．prepare track topics for the camp C．design programme activities D．attend handson sessions 【解析】　D　细节理解题。根据“Experience TransForm”部分“TransForm allows you to get to focus on your chosen track through subject matter talks, handson workshops, and offsite experiences.(TransForm 让你通过主题演讲、实践工作坊和实地体验，专注于你选择的方向。)” 可知，TransForm 允许青少年参加实践课程。故选D。 2．According to the schedule, which activity can the teens participate in? A．Keynote Speech on 17 July. B．Youth Panel on 18 July. C．Celebration on 19 July. D．Programme Showcase on 20 July. 【解析】　B　细节理解题。根据“Schedule of Programming”中的安排，18 July 的活动安排里有“13：00 － 14：15 Youth Panel(13：00 － 14：15 青少年小组讨论。)”，所以青少年可以在 18 日参加青少年小组讨论活动。故选B。 3．What can the teens do in the Programming Tracks? A．Build urban communities. B．Serve as guides on a farm. C．Learn about healthy living. D．Volunteer in a science lab. 【解析】　C　细节理解题。根据“Programming Tracks”部分 “Healthy Living: Empowering you to make healthy decisions in such areas as nutrition and emotional wellbeing, and lead healthy lifestyles.(健康生活：让你在营养和心理健康等方面做出健康的决定，并引领健康的生活方式。)” 可知，青少年在Programming Tracks中可以学习关于健康生活的知识。故选C。 11 (2025·北京卷，B) Throughout our Junior year, my classmates and I have been worried about what colleges will see when they look at our whole life story reduced to a single 200word essay.Will the golden word “success” form in their minds when they review our achievements? Or will they see the big word “fail” in red? The shadow of this mysterious (神秘的) institution steals away what success means to us. My first step of redefining success began with course registrations.It is a wellknown fact, especially in my school, that Junior year is the time of packing many AP classes into the schedule.When asked why they chose so many AP classes, my friends responded: “I don't know”. They themselves don't know why they are following the crowd and longing for the pressures of academic difficulty.Therefore, they do not feel the satisfaction of being academically challenged. Completing many courses no longer brings out the feeling of success because more than four AP classes per year is a norm set by top universities.Determined to follow my instincts (本能) on what I felt success means, I only chose two classes that I knew I would enjoy.The feeling of success was no longer attached to what grade I received but to the pure joy of learning. Even my failures are attached to a feeling of success; after I take a step back and look at the big picture, I see them as a launching pad (平台) for my next big achievement.In the ninth grade, I went in for my first group interview for a leadership position as a shy girl.Not standing a chance against competitive applicants, I came out of the interview with an upset look.Nevertheless, this interview wasn't a wasted opportunity.I talked to one of the senior applicants who answered questions in a way that reflected the faith she had in herself. This year, with an open mind and new knowledge in mind, I walked into another group interview while telling myself I was that cool senior.I managed to secure a leadership position.Ultimately, success came little by little. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者在高三时对大学申请和成功定义的反思，不再盲目追随他人选择大量AP课程，而是基于个人兴趣选课，并从失败的小组面试中学习，通过自我调整最终获得领导职位。 1．Throughout the Junior year, what was the author's major concern? A．Pressure from choosing AP classes. B．Performance in group interviews. C．Competition with seniors. D．Recognition by colleges. 【解析】　D　推理判断题。根据第一段中“Throughout our Junior year, my classmates and I have been worried about what colleges will see when they look at our whole life story reduced to a single 200word essay.Will the golden word ‘success’ form in their minds when they review our achievements? Or will they see the big word ‘fail’ in red? (在整个高三期间，我和我的同学们一直担心，当大学将我们的整个人生故事浓缩成一篇200字的短文时，他们会看到什么。当他们回顾我们的成就时，脑海中会浮现出‘成功’这个金灿灿的词汇吗？还是会看到用红色标注的‘失败’这个醒目的大字？)”可知，作者在高三年级主要担心的是大学对他们的认可。故选D。 2．The author chose fewer AP classes because of ________． A．her own understanding of success B．her desire for academic challenges C．her strong urge to follow the crowd D．her dream of entering a top university 【解析】　A　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Determined to follow my instincts (本能) on what I felt success means, I only chose two classes that I knew I would enjoy.(我决心追随自己对成功的直觉理解，只选择了两门我确信自己会喜欢的课程。)”可知，作者选择较少的AP课程是因为她自己对成功的理解。故选A。 3．Which would best describe the author's first group interview? A．Dignifying. B．Rewarding. C．Engaging. D．Relaxing. 【解析】　B　推理判断题。根据第四段中“Nevertheless, this interview wasn't a wasted opportunity.I talked to one of the senior applicants who answered questions in a way that reflected the faith she had in herself.(然而，这次面试并不是一次浪费的机会。我和一位高年级的申请者交谈，她回答问题的方式反映了她对自己的信心。)”以及最后一段中“This year, with an open mind and new knowledge in mind, I walked into another group interview while telling myself I was that cool senior.I managed to secure a leadership position.Ultimately, success came little by little.(今年，我带着开放的心态和新的知识，再次走进集体面试的现场，告诉自己我就是那位自信满满的高年级学生。最终，我成功获得了一个领导职位。成功，就这样一点点地向我走来。)”可知，作者认为第一次面试是有收获的，因为它让作者从中学到了东西，并影响了她后来的面试表现。故选B。 4．What can we learn from this passage? A．Everyone is the maker of their own success. B．Success favours those with a golden heart. C．Success knocks at your door only once. D．A college holds the key to success. 【解析】　A　推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第三段中“Determined to follow my instincts (本能) on what I felt success means, I only chose two classes that I knew I would enjoy.(我决心追随自己对成功的直觉理解，只选择了两门我确信自己会喜欢的课程。)”以及最后一段中“This year, with an open mind and new knowledge in mind, I walked into another group interview while telling myself I was that cool senior.I managed to secure a leadership position.Ultimately, success came little by little.(今年，我带着开放的心态和新的知识，再次走进集体面试的现场，告诉自己我就是那位自信满满的高年级学生。最终，我成功获得了一个领导职位。成功，就这样一点点地向我走来。)”可知，作者通过自己的经历表明，成功并非由大学或外界标准定义，而是源于自我认知与努力。“Everyone is the maker of their own success.(每个人都是自己成功的创造者。)” 符合题意。故选A。 12 (2025·北京卷，C) Not too long ago, on a cold winter night, there was a teenager who wanted more screen time and a parent who said no.The teenager was advocating for her right to scroll (翻屏) for an extra 30 minutes.The parent argued that none of her friends' parents let them have screens after 9 o'clock.“I thought, in this family, we don't compare ourselves with other people, Dad？” the teenager replied.The parent — who was me, by the way—just got served.Since they were young, I have told my kids not to compare themselves with other people.I have argued countless times that comparisons are the “thief of joy”． Although my daughter didn't win, she did help expose one of the worst pieces of advice I have ever given.In my defence, I did what we've all done before, which is repeat received wisdom without exploring the nuances．But now is the time to set the record straight, which starts with questioning the idea that all social comparison is unhealthy. Social comparisons do, of course, often get us into emotional trouble.But they can be harnessed (利用) for our betterment if we understand how they work.The social comparisons we make—ones that lead us to feel good or bad about ourselves—are vital to our ability to thrive (成长).Science provides a guide we can use to harness the way we perform these comparisons to reduce their negative emotional impacts. Comparing yourself with someone who is outperforming you could result in feelings of envy if you focus on the things they have and you don't, or it can be energizing and inspiring if you use these comparisons as a source of motivation, for example, “If they can achieve that, so can I．” Comparing yourself with someone who is doing worse than you could result in fear and worry if you think about how you could fall into similar circumstances, or it can draw out feelings of gratitude and appreciation if you use that comparison to broaden your views — for example, “Wow, things could be much worse; I'm doing great.” What I wish I taught my daughter earlier are these nuances.How we feel about ourselves rests not just on whom we compare ourselves with but also on how we think about that comparison.That's something we all have control over. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述自己和女儿关于能否延长看屏幕时间的争论，引出对社会比较这一观念的思考，指出并非所有社会比较都不健康，若理解其原理，可加以利用促进自我提升。 1．How did the author feel about his daughter's argument? A．Excited. B．Inspired. C．Energized. D．Relieved. 【解析】　B　推理判断题。根据第二段“Although my daughter didn't win, she did help expose one of the worst pieces of advice I have ever given.(虽然我女儿没有赢，但她确实帮助揭露了我曾经给出的最糟糕的建议之一。)” 以及后文作者对社会比较的重新思考可知，作者从女儿的争论中得到了启发。故选B。 2．What does the word “nuances” underlined in paragraph 2 most probably mean? A．Major achievements. B．Complex feelings. C．Significant impacts. D．Fine differences. 【解析】　D　词义猜测题。根据第二段“ In my defence, I did what we've all done before, which is repeat received wisdom without exploring the nuances．But now is the time to set the record straight, which starts with questioning the idea that all social comparison is unhealthy.(为自己辩护一下，我做了我们所有人都做过的事，就是重复那些大家都认可的观点，却没有探究其中的……。但现在是时候纠正这个观点了，首先要质疑所有社会比较都是不健康的这一想法。)” 可知，作者之前只是重复普遍观点，没有深入探究不同情况，现在要重新审视，所以“nuances”意思可能是 “细微差别”。故选D。 3．Which would be the best title for the passage? A．Comparing Ourselves with Others Can Become a Healthy Habit B．Comparing Ourselves with Others Can Strengthen Family Ties C．Social Comparisons Can Get Us into Emotional Trouble D．Social Comparisons Can Be Controlled by Science 【解析】　A　主旨大意题。根据第三段“Social comparisons do, of course, often get us into emotional trouble.But they can be harnessed (利用) for our betterment if we understand how they work.(当然，社会比较常常会给我们带来情感困扰。但如果我们了解其运作原理，就可以利用它们来提升自我。)”，以及第四段 “Comparing yourself with someone who is outperforming you could result in feelings of envy if you focus on the things they have and you don't, or it can be energizing and inspiring if you use these comparisons as a source of motivation (如果你关注那些比你表现出色的人所拥有而你没有的东西，与他们比较可能会导致嫉妒之情；但如果你将这些比较作为动力来源，它也可以让你充满活力并受到鼓舞)” 等内容可知 ，社会比较并非全然有害，若运用得当可成为健康习惯，助力个人发展。所以选项 A“与他人比较可以成为一种健康的习惯”为最佳标题，故选A。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $