第2部分 3.阅读理解题之主旨大意（PPT课件）-【艺术生百日冲刺】2026高考英语艺术生基础生文化课成功方案

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦阅读理解主旨大意专题，依据高考评价体系梳理了识别主题词、定位主题句、排除干扰项等核心考查要求，归纳了高频考点及常考题型，构建了针对性备考框架。 课件亮点在于“方法提炼+技巧应用+素养提升”策略，如“高频词定位法”“主题句首尾定位”等实用技巧，培养学生语言理解和逻辑思维品质。特设干扰项排除指南，助力学生掌握答题规律，教师可据此开展精准训练，提升复习效率。

第二部分　阅读理解 三、阅读理解题之主旨大意 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 谢谢观看 第二部分　阅读理解 返回导航 1 主旨大意题既考查阅读理解能力，又考查深层次的推理、概括能力。此类题目可分为三大类：标题归纳题、文章大意题和段落大意题。尽管这类题在阅读中考查比例不高，但难度大，易失分。 【选项特征】 技法一 标题归纳题——“高度概括”定标题 记叙文、说明文和议论文三种文体涉及不同话题的阅读材料都有可能会考查到标题归纳题。设问方式多以如下形式出现： 1．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text？(2025·浙江卷1月·31) 2．Which would be the best title for the passage？(2025·北京卷·30) 3．What does the text mainly talk about？(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷·11) 4．What can be a suitable title for the text？(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·27) 5．Which of the following is the best title for the text？(2023·浙江卷1月·35) 6．Which can be a suitable title for the text？(2022·全国甲卷·27) 此类试题的解题流程如下： 【真题体验】　(2025·全国一卷·31) Although these campaigns were widespread，the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car.The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly.In Australia we now have over twenty million cars for just over twenty­six million people，among the highest rate of car ownership in the world. We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through，but we fail to account for the true costs.Do we really recognise what it costs us as a society when children can't move safely around our communities? The authors of Movement have it right：it's time to think differently about that street outside your front door. 31．What can be a suitable title for the text? A.Why the Rush? B.What's Next? C.Where to Stay? D.Who to Blame? 【解析】　文章主旨题。文章的核心批判是当前的城市规划和交通方式(以车为主)让人们“匆匆而过”(rush through)，只追求通行效率(help us rush through)，却忽视了这种“匆忙”(rush)带来的社会成本(如儿童失去安全活动的空间，活动能力下降)。作者呼吁重新思考街道的作用，让城市成为生活的地方，而不仅仅是通道。A项“Why the Rush？”(我们为何要如此匆忙？)直接点明了文章质疑的核心——这种追求速度、忽视生活质量的“匆忙”是否有必要？它是否值得付出如此高的社会代价？这个标题最能引发读者的批判性思考。故选A。 【答案】　A 技法二 文章大意题——“主题句定位”寻主旨 说明文、记叙文、议论文三种文体涉及的多种话题，如社会文化类、人物故事类、科普说明类，都可能会考查文章大意题。设问方式多以如下形式出现： What is the text mainly about？(2023·浙江卷1月·27) 此类试题的解题流程如下： 【真题体验】　(2023·浙江1月·B) Live with roommates? Have friends and family around you? Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle，not everyone around you will be ready to _jump_on_that_bandwagon． I experienced this when I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle five years ago，as I was living with my parents，and I continue to experience this with my husband，as he is not completely zero waste like me.I’ve learned a few things along the way though，which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not­always­supportive household. Zero waste was a radical lifestyle movement a few years back.I remember showing my parents a video of Bea Johnson，sharing how cool I thought it would be to buy groceries with jars，and have so little trash! A few days later，I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries，and my dad commented on how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere.It came off as a bit discouraging. Yet as the months of reducing waste continued，I did what I could that was within my own reach.I had my own bedroom，so I worked on removing things I didn’t need.Since I had my own toiletries(洗漱用品)，I was able to start personalising my routine to be more sustainable.I also offered to cook every so often，so I portioned out a bit of the cupboard for my own zero waste groceries.Perhaps your household won’t entirely make the switch，but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire. As you make your lifestyle changes，you may find yourself wanting to speak up for yourself if others comment on what you’re doing，which can turn itself into a whole household debate.If you have individuals who are not on board，your words probably won’t do much and can often leave you feeling more discouraged. So here is my advice：Lead by action. 27．What is the text mainly about? A．How to get on well with other family members. B．How to have one’s own personal space at home. C．How to live a zero waste lifestyle in a household. D．How to control the budget when buying groceries. 【解析】　主旨大意题。依据“主题句定位”法，通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle，not everyone around you will be ready to jump_on_that_bandwagon”及第二段中的“I’ve learned a few things along the way though，which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not­always­supportive household.”可知，文章主要讲述了作者如何在家庭中过零浪费的生活方式。C项“How to live a zero waste lifestyle in a household.”能够概括文章主旨。故选C。 【答案】　C 技法三 段落大意题——首尾兼顾知段意 段落大意题常在说明文和议论文中考查。文章的每一个段落都要围绕一个特定的主题按照一定的逻辑顺序展开，所以，段落的结构也有一定的规律性。相对于标题归纳题和文章大意题，段落大意题考查频率较低。设问方式多以如下形式出现： 1．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about？(2025·浙江卷1月·35) 2．What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about？(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·32) 3．What is the first paragraph mainly about？(2023·全国乙卷·32) 4．What is paragraph 5 mainly about？(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷·34) 此类试题的解题流程如下： 【真题体验】　(2025·全国二卷·34) Does your soul die a little every time you throw away unused food? Mine does.Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa，where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time. Food waste is a growing concern in the restaurant，supermarket，and supply chain industries.From technological solutions to educational campaigns，food producers and sellers are looking for ways to use more of what we're already growing.But last month，one popular New York City restaurant tried a different way：It changed its menu to exclusively (专门) offer food that would otherwise be thrown away. For two weeks in March，Greenwich Village's Blue Hill restaurant was renamed wastED，and served items like fried skate cartilage，a juice pulp burger，and a dumpster diver's vegetable salad.Each dish was tailor­made to raise awareness regarding food waste. A study by the Food Waste Alliance determined that the average restaurant generates 33 pounds of food waste for every $1，000 in revenue(收入)，and of that waste only 15.7% is donated or recycled.Up to 84.3% is simply thrown out.Restaurants like Silo in the UK have experimented with zero­waste systems，but wastED took the concept to its logical conclusion. It should be noted that none of the items on wastED's menu was technically made from garbage.Instead，all the ingredients(配料) used were examples of meat cuts and produce that most restaurants would never consider serving.Things like kale ribs，fish collars，rejected sweet potatoes，and cucumber butts were all re­appropriated and，with the help of a number of good chefs，turned into excellent cuisine. 34．What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A.Why the ingredients were used. B.Which dishes were best liked. C.What the dishes were made of. D.Where the ingredients were bought. 【解析】　段落主旨题。根据第五段中的“none of the items on wastED's menu was technically made from garbage”可知，wastED菜单上的东西不是由废料制作的；再由下文中的“all the ingredients(配料)used were examples of meat cuts...turned into excellent cuisine”可知，使用的所有配料都是大多数餐厅决不会考虑提供的肉块和农产品，这些食材经过重新利用并在一些优秀厨师的帮助下被转化为美味佳肴。由此可知，本段主要讲述的是wastED菜单上的菜肴是由什么制成的。故选C。 【答案】　C $