Unit3 Fit for life 重点词汇知识清单-2025-2026学年高中英语牛津译林版选择性必修第二册

学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Unit 3 · 1. affect 1）vt. 影响 How will these changes affect us ? 2）vt.（疾病）侵袭，使感染 The condition affects one in five women. 3）vt.（感情上）深深打动，使悲伤 They were deeply affected by the news of her death. be affected by… 被…感动 [词形转换] 1）affection n. 喜爱 have a great affection for… 很喜欢… I have a great affection for Suzhou. · 2. contract 1）v. 感染（疾病）；与…订立合同（或契约）；（使）收缩 contract with… 与…签订合同 Our shop contracted with a local clothing firm for 100 coats a month. 2）n. 合同；契约 The contract with the government to build new schools will bring considerable benefits. · 3. identify v. 认出，确认；显示；发现 identify…as… 认出/确认/表明…是… Fred identified the bag as his by telling what it contained. identify…with… 将某物等同于某物；认为某物与某人/某物有密切关联 Never identify wealth with happiness. identify with sb./ sth. 认同某人/某物；和某人/某物有同感 The audience identified with the main character. [词形转换] 1）identification n. 鉴定；确认；身份证明 2）identity n. 身份；特征 3）identical adj. 相同的 be identical to 和…一样 Her dress is almost identical to mine. · 4. relate to 涉及；与…相关；谈到；能够理解并同情；了解；体恤 The second paragraph relates to the situation in Scotland. [词形转换] 1）relate v. 使有联系；叙述，讲述 relate A to B 把A和B联系起来 The report seeks to relate the rise in crime to an increase in unemployment. relate sth. (to sb.)（向某人）讲述某事 He later related the whole story to me. 2）relation n.（人、团体、国家之间的）关系；联系；亲戚 3）relationship n. 关系 4）relative n. 亲戚 adj. 相对的 · 5. pace 1）速度；步伐；节奏；一步 keep pace with… 与…步调一致 To keep pace with times, the law is in need of frequent revision. at a/ an…pace 以…的速度 = at a pace of… Race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories. 2）v. 确定速度；调整节奏；来回踱步；走来走去 · 6. arise v. 1）起身，起床，起立 At senior high school, we usually arose at 5:30 a.m. then went for a morning jog. 2）（尤指问题或困境）出现，发生；引起，产生 arise from/ out of… 由…引起；因…产生 These changes arise from the climate and natural environment of this country. [易混辨析] arise/ rise/ raise/ arouse 易混词 用法 arise (arose-arisen) ① 问题或困境的出现、产生 ②（由…）引起，常与from/ out of搭配 ③ 起床，起身 rise (rose-risen) ① 日、月升起 ② 河水、物价等上涨 ③ 起床；起立 raise (raised-raised) ① 提高；抬起 ② 提出（问题等） ③ 抚养（孩子）；饲养（动物） ④ 筹集；募捐 arouse (aroused-aroused) 激起，引起（感情、态度） · 7. restrict vt. 限制，限定（数量、范围等）；束缚；约束 restrict…to… 把…限定在…内 We restrict the number of students per class to 30. restrict oneself/ sb. to (doing) sth. 限制自己/某人只做某事 Speed is restricted to 30 mph in towns according to the rules. [词形转换] 1）restriction n. 限定；约束 2）restricted adj. 受限制的；有限的 · 8. prohibit v.（尤指以法令）禁止；阻止 prohibit doing 禁止做某事 prohibit sb. from doing 阻止某人做某事 Visitors are prohibited from feeding the animals. [词形转换] 1）prohibition n. 禁止；阻止 remove/ lift the prohibition 取消/解除禁令 · 9. resist v. 抵制；反抗；抵挡；使不受…的伤害 can’t resist (doing) sth. 忍不住/抵抗不住（做）某事 resist (doing) sth. 抵制（做）某事 He found it hard to resist buying these books. [词形转换] 1）resistance n. 抵制；反对；抗拒 meet (with)/ face/ encounter resistance 遭到反对 the resistance to… 对…的抵抗 2）resistant adj. 抵抗的，反抗的 be resistant to… 抵抗…；反对… · 10. debate 1）n. 辩论；争论；讨论 a heated/ lively debate (on/ about/ over…) 一场（关于…的）激烈的/热烈的争论 We had a heated debate on whether students should be allowed to use smartphones. under debate 正在讨论中 The bill is under debate and hasn’t been passed yet. beyond debate 无可争辩 The truth of this news story is beyond debate. 2）v.（正式）辩论；讨论；仔细考虑 debate (with sb.) about/ on/ over sth.（与某人）讨论/辩论某事 Read a book, visit a museum, listen to your favorite music or debate with a friend. · 11. withdraw 1）v.（使）撤回；撤离；退回 withdraw (…) from… 从…撤出/退出… They determined to withdraw the troops from the front line. 2）v. 脱离（社会），不与人交往 withdraw into sth./ oneself 脱离（社会）；不与人交往 She’s beginning to withdraw into herself. 3）v. 取款 You must present your debit card when you withdraw any money. · 12. equipment n. 设备，器材 Two pieces of equipment were needed for the experiment. [词形转换] 1）equip v. 装备，配备 equip sb./ sth. with sth. 用某物装备某人/某物 They equipped themselves with the best tools and set off for the forest. be equipped with 配备有… equip sb. to do 使某人能够做某事 His work experience equipped him to deal with these problems. · 13. grateful adj. 感激地，感谢的；表示感谢的 be grateful (to sb.) for sth. 因某事感激（某人） I am extremely grateful to all the teachers for their help. be grateful to do sth. 因为做某事而感激 She seems to think that I should be grateful to have a job at all. I would be grateful if you… 如果你能…，我将感激不尽 I would be grateful if you would send me the book immediately. [词形转换] 1）gratitude n. 感激 · 14. disabled adj. 有残疾的；丧失能力的 The local authority and some voluntary organizations also run workshops for disabled people. [词形转换] 1）disable v. 使残疾；使伤残；使（机器或设备）瘫痪；使不能运转 2）disability n. 缺陷；障碍；残障 3）able adj. 能够；能力出众的；有才能的 4）ability n. 能力；才能 5）enable v. 使能够；使可能；使发生 enable sb. to do 使某人有能力做某事 · 15. disturb vt. 打扰；使烦恼 disturb sb. 使某人烦恼 [词形转换] 1）disturbing adj. 令人不安的 2）disturbed adj. 心烦意乱的 be disturbed at/ by/ about 对…心烦意乱 · 16. adjustable adj. 可调节的，可调整的 This is the adjustable seat belts. [词形转换] 1）adjust v. 适应；（使）习惯；调整；调节；整理 adjust (oneself) to (doing) sth.（使某人自己）适应（做）某事 He adjusted himself quickly to the heat of the country. adjust…(to sth.)（根据某事物）对…进行调节 It took her a while to adjust to living alone. 2）adjustment n. 调整；适应 make adjustment(s) to… 对…进行调整 They should make adjustment to the new environment. · 17. evidence n. 证据；证词 There is (no) evidence that…（没）有证据表明… There is clear evidence that the most difficult feeling to describe is physical pain. [词形转换] 1）evident adj. 明显的；明白的；清楚的 It is evident (to sb.) that…（对某人来说）…很明显 = It is clear/ obvious (to sb.) that… It is evident to all that effective measures should be taken. · 18. date 1）v. 确定年代；注明日期；（与…）谈恋爱 When I first dated Steve, I learned he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora. date from 始于；追溯到；自…至今 = date back to Chinese tea culture dates from thousands of years ago and drinking tea gradually becomes a tradition. 2）n. 日期；约会 blind date 相亲 best-before date 最佳保质期 out of date 过时的 up to date 现代的；时髦的；拥有或包含最新信息的 set/ fix a date for… 确定…的日期 the due date 到期日 to date 迄今为止（= so far） To date, we have received over 200 replies. · 19. switch 1）v.（用开关）改变，转换；调换 switch on 打开 switch off 关上 When fears are exaggerated or we feel helpless, we are likely to switch off. switch over (to) 转换（频道）；转变（方法） An increasing number of people switch over to public transport. 2）n. 开关；转换器；改变 · 20. anxious adj. 1）焦虑到；不安的 be anxious for sb. 为某人焦虑 Parents are naturally anxious for their children. be anxious about sth. 为某事焦虑 You must be both excited and anxious about the new experiences that are in store for you. 2）渴望的；急切的 be anxious for… 渴望… There are plenty of graduates anxious for work. be anxious (for sb.) to do sth. 渴望（某人）做某事；急于做某事 Mr. Green suggested sleeping in the hotel, but his kids were anxious to cam during the trip. [词形转换] 1）anxiety n. 焦虑；渴望 with anxiety 焦虑地 2）anxiously adv. 焦虑地；不安地 · 21. symbol n. 象征；标志；符号；记号 a/ the symbol of… …的象征 Mooncakes have become a symbol of the Mid-Autumn Festival. the symbol for… …的符号 What is the chemical symbol for copper ? [易混辨析] symbol/ signal/ sign/ mark 易混词 含义 例句 symbol 象征；符号 The whale has become a symbol of the marvels of creation. 鲸已经成为造物奇迹的象征。 signal 信号；暗号 At an agreed signal they left the room. 收到约定的信号，他们就离开了房间。 sign 标牌；迹象 The gloomy weather shows no sign of improving. 阴沉的天气丝毫没有转晴的迹象。 mark （显示质量、制造者或所有者等的）标记 Any piece of silver bearing his mark is extremely valuable. 每一件带有他的标记的银器都极具价值。 [词形转换] 1）symbolic adj. 象征性的 2）symbolize v. 象征；代表；用符号表示 3）symbolism n. 象征手法；象征主义 · 22. infection n. 感染；传染；传染病 Air, water and insects are all means of infection. get/ develop an infection 受感染 [词形转换] 1）infect v. 使感染；传染 infect…with… 把…传染给…；使…感染 She infected the whole class with her laughter. be infected with… 感染上…，传染上… Some people can be infected with the disease and have mild symptoms. 2）infectious adj. 感染的，传染性的；有感染力的 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $