Unit 2 Out of this world Grammar and usage主语从句课件 -2024-2025学年高中英语译林版选择性必修第三册

该高中英语课件聚焦主语从句，以望远镜发展文章为导入，通过阅读填表、提取含主语从句的句子引导学生观察共同点，再以“Work out the rules-Apply the rules-Explore the rules”为支架，从具体语料到规则归纳，构建知识脉络。 其亮点在于融合真实语境与分层任务，语言能力上依托太空探索语料提升理解表达，思维品质上通过that/whether对比等练习培养分析能力，学习能力上“三步法”及写作任务助学生主动学习。学生能提升语言运用与思维，教师可获结构化资源提高教学效率。

Grammar and usage Subject clauses (主语从句) 天文宇宙 JIAO YU JIAOXUE Work out the rules Apply the rules Explore the rules Task1: Read the article on page 20 and fill in the table below The development of telescopes Time Name Function In the early 1600s Galileo’s telescope It is the _______ used telescope to explore the sky. In _______ _______ Space Telescope It can see _______ than ground-based telescopes, and allows scientists to learn more about the universe. In _______ _______ Space Telescope It has detected _____________________that are almost the same size as the Earth. In recent years _______ It is the _______ radio telescope in the world and is able to observations with extraordinary sensitivity. 1990 first Hubble further 2009 Kepler many suitable planets FAST largest carry out Telescopes are crucial tools for space exploration! 天文宇宙 JIAO YU JIAOXUE Work out the rules Apply the rules Explore the rules Task2: Read these underlined sentences para2 para4 天文宇宙 JIAO YU JIAOXUE Work out the rules Apply the rules Explore the rules That Hubble is based in space allows it to see further than ground-based telescopes, and it allows scientists to learn more about the universe. Whether life on other planets does exist is yet to be proved, but the signs are promising: Kepler has detected many suitable planets that are almost the same size as the Earth. It is clear that telescopes are crucial tools for space exploration and that developing the required technology will help astronomers all over the world make exciting discoveries. How much we will learn from the telescopes is merely limited by our imagination. Task2: think about what they have in common 【 】 【 】 【 】 【 】 【 】 Subject clause 主语从句 天文宇宙 JIAO YU JIAOXUE 引导学生找引导词，再找引导词连接的从句的完整句子；从句在句子中做什么成分，引入主语从句 Work out the rules Apply the rules Explore the rules We can use a noun clause as the subject of a sentence to make the sentence more colourful, and this noun clause is called subject clause. Subject clause 主语从句 主语从句使用陈述语序！ 天文宇宙 JIAO YU JIAOXUE Work out the rules Apply the rules Explore the rules Task3: find out subject clauses in the box 1. This is the girl who helped me with my English yesterday. 2. We visited the city where my grandparents lived for 20 years. 3. What he has said in class suprised all his classmates. 4. He told his mother that he had finished his homework. 5. That the earth turns around the sun is a common scientific fact. 6. The question is whether we can get enough support from our teachers. 7. Whether we can finish the task on time depends on our efforts. 8. Although he is young, he knows a lot about computers. 天文宇宙 JIAO YU JIAOXUE Work out the rules Apply the rules Explore the rules 从属连词 that 例句： 1. That he will succeed is certain. 2. That Mars may become our home in the future does excite many people. Rule1: 只起连接作用，本身无意义， 充当任何成分，但 能省略。 that 不 不 天文宇宙 JIAO YU JIAOXUE Work out the rules Apply the rules Explore the rules 从属连词 whether 例句： 1. Whether people should go there remain to be settled. 2. Whether we still attend the lecture has not been decided. Rule2: whether 表“ ”， 充当任何成分，只起连接作用，但 能省略。 是否 不 不 天文宇宙 JIAO YU JIAOXUE Work out the rules Apply the rules Explore the rules 填空：用 that、whether 1. _____ the Earth revolves around the Sun is a well-established scientific fact. 2. ___ ___ he will attend the meeting tomorrow is still unknown. 3._____ she had won the competition surprised everyone. 4. ___ ___ the new plan will work out well depends on our joint efforts. That That Whether Whether 天文宇宙 JIAO YU JIAOXUE Work out the rules Apply the rules Explore the rules 连接代词 who 例句： 1. Who will be selected as the new student council president remains a hot topic among the seniors. Rule3: 意为“谁”，在从句中作 、 、 。 主语 who 表语 2. Who you choose will affect the whole team. 3. Who he is doesn’t matter to me. 宾语 天文宇宙 JIAO YU JIAOXUE Work out the rules Apply the rules Explore the rules 连接代词 whoever 例句： 1. Whoever comes first will get a free book. Rule6: 指“....的任何人”，在从句中作 、 、 。 *区别于who (指代具体的人），whoever 表泛指。 2. Whoever you invite will be welcome. whoever 主语 宾语 3. Whoever the winner is will receive a grand prize. 表语 天文宇宙 JIAO YU JIAOXUE Work out the rules Apply the rules Explore the rules 连接代词 what 例句： 1. What matters most in life is not wealth but happiness. 2. What he said at the meeting yesterday suprisied everyone present. Rule4 : 意为“....的东西/事情”，在从句中作 、 、 ， ，无范围限定。 3. What the ultimate goal of education is remains a hot topic.. what 4. What book you are going to buy is not important. 主语 宾语 表语 定语 天文宇宙 JIAO YU JIAOXUE Work out the rules Apply the rules Explore the rules 连接代词 whatever 例句： 1. Whatever happens in the future will not change our dicision to move forward. 2. Whatever you say sounds reasonable. Rule7: 指“...的任何东西/事物” 在从句中作 、 、 、 ，泛指、无范围限定 3. Whatever his name is doesn’t matter to us. whatever 4. Whatever plans she made for the holiday sound wonderful. 主语 宾语 表语 定语 天文宇宙 JIAO YU JIAOXUE Work out the rules Apply the rules Explore the rules 连接代词 which 例句： 1. Which of these three optional courses is most suitable for us depends on our career plan. Rule5: 指代特定范围内的人或事物，在从句中作 、宾语、表语、定语意为“（在...中）哪一个/哪一些”。 * is most suitable for us depends on our career plan. Rule5: 若句中无明确范围，需用what。 What which 主语 天文宇宙 JIAO YU JIAOXUE Work out the rules Apply the rules Explore the rules 连接代词 whichever 例句： 1. Whichever method you choose from the book must be followed strictly. Rule8: 指“...（特定范围内）的任何一个/任何一些”，在从句中作主语、宾语，表语, ，需要有明确的范围。 whichever 定语 天文宇宙 JIAO YU JIAOXUE Work out the rules Apply the rules Explore the rules 1. ______ will be appointed as the new head teacher of our class is still a mystery to all of us. A. Who B. Whom C. Which D. That 2. ______ we need to improve most in our English learning is our listening comprehension. A. Which B. What C. That D. Whoever 3. ______ of the two novels you choose to read for the literature class will help you improve your reading skills. A. What B. Which C. Whichever D. Whatever 4. ______ has a good knowledge of computer science can apply for this technical position. A. Who B. Whom C. Whoever D. Whichever 天文宇宙 JIAO YU JIAOXUE Work out the rules Apply the rules Explore the rules 连接副词 when 例句： 1. When the new subway line will be put into operation is still unknown to the public. Rule9: 意为“ ”，在从句中作 状语 *区别于时间状语从句，引导主语从句时，不能省略，需要放在句首 when 什么时候 时间 天文宇宙 JIAO YU JIAOXUE Work out the rules Apply the rules Explore the rules 连接副词 whenever 例句： 1. Whenever we can find time to practice oral English is the key to improving our language skills. Rule13 : 译为“...的任何时候”，在从句中作 ，语气比when更强烈。 whenever 时间状语 天文宇宙 JIAO YU JIAOXUE Work out the rules Apply the rules Explore the rules 连接副词 where 例句： 1. Where we will hold the annual school sports meeting has not been decided yet. Rule10: 意为“在/到哪里”，在从句中作 状语 where 地点 天文宇宙 JIAO YU JIAOXUE Work out the rules Apply the rules Explore the rules 连接副词 wherever 例句： 1. Wherever we can access reliable learning resources will greatly affect our study efficiency. Rule14: 意为“ ”，在从句中作 状语，语气比where强烈。 wherever ...的任何地方 地点 天文宇宙 JIAO YU JIAOXUE Work out the rules Apply the rules Explore the rules 连接副词 how 例句： 1. How important it is to master English grammar is often ignored by some students. Rule11: 意为“多么，怎么样”，在句子中作 。 2. How we can balance our study and extracurricular activities is a common problem for senior students. how 方式状语 天文宇宙 JIAO YU JIAOXUE Work out the rules Apply the rules Explore the rules 连接副词 however 例句： 1. However we can simplify the complex experiment procedure is what our teacher expects us to figure out. Rule15: 意为 “....的任何方式”，在句子中作 。 however 方式状语 天文宇宙 JIAO YU JIAOXUE Work out the rules Apply the rules Explore the rules 连接副词 why 例句： 1. Why she made such a decision remains a puzzle to us all. Rule12: 意为“ ”，在从句中作 状语 why 为什么 原因 天文宇宙 JIAO YU JIAOXUE Work out the rules Apply the rules Explore the rules 1. ______ we will hold the international conference next year has not been announced by the government yet. A. When B. Where C. Why D. How 2. ______ the ancient civilization disappeared suddenly is still a mystery that archaeologists are trying to solve. A. When B. Where C. Why D. How 3. ______ the new policy was introduced so hurriedly has aroused widespread public concern and debate. A. When B. Where C. Why D. How 4. ______ we meet again will be a joyful occasion that we all look forward to. A. Whenever B. Wherever C. However D. Whatever 天文宇宙 JIAO YU JIAOXUE Work out the rules Apply the rules Explore the rules 类别 例词 说明 从属连词 that, whether 两者在从句中均不作成分，只起连接作用；that无实义，whether表示“是否”。 连接代词 who, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。 连接副词 when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however 在从句中作时间状语、地点状语、方式状语、原因状语等成分。 天文宇宙 JIAO YU JIAOXUE Work out the rules Apply the rules Explore the rules it 作形式主语 句型1： It + be + 形容词 + that从句 It is clear that the girl told a lie. It + be + necessary/ important/ crucial/ vital/ advisable/ urgent +that从句 当形容词表达“必要性、重要性、紧迫性”以及“建议，命令”等含义，从句的谓语动词使用虚拟语气（should)+ V原 天文宇宙 JIAO YU JIAOXUE Work out the rules Apply the rules Explore the rules it 作形式主语 句型2： It +be + 名词(短语) + that从句 It is a pity that your parents didn’t allow you to go shopping. It + be + ... suggestion/ proposal/ advice/demand/ order/ requirement/request +that从句 当主句的名词是“建议、要求、命令、主张”时，从句使用虚拟语气（should)+ V原 天文宇宙 JIAO YU JIAOXUE that虚拟语气; miracle,; 正常语气和虚拟语气； occur to Work out the rules Apply the rules Explore the rules it 作形式主语 句型3： It +be + 过去分词+ that从句 It is announced that the plan has been successfully carried out. It + be + suggested / proposed/ required/ requested/ demanded/ ordered/ insisted+ that 当主句的过去分词是“建议、要求、命令、主张”时，从句使用虚拟语气（should)+ V原 天文宇宙 JIAO YU JIAOXUE that虚拟语气; miracle,; 正常语气和虚拟语气； occur to Work out the rules Apply the rules Explore the rules it 作形式主语 句型4： It +特殊动词(seems/appears/happens/matters/occurred to/turned out/ came out )+ that从句 It seems that they have made the same mistake. It came out that some government officials received money from the company. It turned out that his brother died of a heart attack. It occurred to him that he had an important conference to attend. 天文宇宙 JIAO YU JIAOXUE Work out the rules Apply the rules Explore the rules 1. Given the recent security holes, it is essential that every employee ______ a new, complex password immediately. A.creates B.create C.will create D.is creating 2. Looking at the empty stadium now, it seems strange that such a famous match ______ here ten years ago. A.was held B.be held C.would be held D.had been held 3. In the official guidelines, it is recommended that the medicine ______ with a full glass of water for best results. A.is taken B.takes C.be taken D.will be taken 天文宇宙 JIAO YU JIAOXUE Work out the rules Apply the rules Explore the rules 主谓一致 1. 从句作主语，谓语动词一般用单数。 That he is late again (suprise) no one. Whether they agree or not (do not)matter. surprises doesn’t 天文宇宙 JIAO YU JIAOXUE Work out the rules Apply the rules Explore the rules 主谓一致 2. what 引导的主语从句，谓语动词的数取决于what在从句中所指代的内容。 若what在从句中作主语，且指代单数意义，则主句谓语用单数。 若what 在从句中作主语，且指代复数意义，则主句谓语用复数。 What we need (be) more time. What I want (be) details. What she says and does (be) inspiring. What she says and does (be) in complete contradiction. is are is are 天文宇宙 JIAO YU JIAOXUE 她的言行视为统一的、整体的品质。 2,她所说的和她所做的是分开的两件事 Work out the rules Apply the rules Explore the rules 主谓一致 3. 当两个主语从句由and连接时，若表示两件事情，谓语常用复数。 What caused the accident and who was responsible for it (be) known. are 天文宇宙 JIAO YU JIAOXUE Work out the rules Apply the rules Explore the rules Task4: Fill in the blanks with proper linking words to form subject clauses. 1. learning a foreign language can develop students’ thinking ability is well accepted. 2. makes Tom so extraordinary is his rich imagination and his ability to express himself. 3. It is common knowledge the Earth is now the only planet in the solar system suitable to live on. 4. Did it ever occur to you she was telling a white lie? 5. we feel about ourselves is sometimes affected by other people’s opinions. That What that that How 天文宇宙 JIAO YU JIAOXUE Work out the rules Apply the rules Explore the rules Task4: Fill in the blanks with proper linking words to form subject clauses. 6. there is life on other planets remains to be seen. 7. we should put the album is a problem. 8. It has not been decided yet we shall go on a trip to Japan. 9. the man broke into the car is not known, because he didn’t take any of the valuables inside. 10.We need to bear in mind that holds fast to dreams is more likely to succeed. Whether Where whether / when Why whoever 天文宇宙 JIAO YU JIAOXUE 写作，翻译，挖空，豆包 B3 page21 Work out the rules Apply the rules Explore the rules Task5: finish the article about the development of space exploration, using subject clauses. (显然，在未来太空探索的发展过程中将会发生许多令人兴奋的事情。) I think manned space missions to Mars will happen in my lifetime and a permanent base on Mars will also be established. Hopefully, new energy sources will be developed, which will make space flight cheaper and faster. But (多久和多快）we advance in developing the required technology to do so depends on the collaboration between the many countries around the world. (有可能这项技术会是可用的在2040年前) and I am looking forward to that. It is clear that many exciting things will happen in the development of space exploration in the future It is possible that the technology will be available before 2040 how soon and how far 天文宇宙 JIAO YU JIAOXUE $