Unit 1 Science and Scientists Learning About Language 同步训练-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第二册

Period 2 Learning About Language 夯实基础 I. 根据汉语或首字母提示填写单词 1. This flexible ______ (框架) allows any object to be transformed into another type. 2. Her creative ______ (见解) led to a breakthrough in the project eventually. 3. She made a good ______ (最初的) impression during the interview. 4. At present, with no s ______ proof, we can’t draw a conclusion about this case. 5. The survey f ______ revealed a growing concern about climate change. II. 单句填空 1. It was through this activity ______ we fully realized the importance of teamwork. 2. ______ (initial), the computer system worked well, but then it broke down suddenly. 3. Not only did we enjoy ourselves, we ______ had a chance to make friends with others. 4. It is reported that the house price has decreased ______ 10% in the past several years. 5. These ______ (virus) were hard to control but our doctors had managed to defeat it. 聚焦语法 III. 用正确的引导词填空 1. You think the current policy is the most effective solution, and this is ______ I disagree. 2. The actual question we debate is ______ should take the blame for the accident. 3. What your father wants to know is ______ you are getting on with your study and life. 4. The doubt remains ______ the house-owner or somebody else hid the truth. 5. Learning and travelling were exactly ______ helped him in his later career as a historian. 6. I have several interesting novels. What I want to know is ______ one you prefer. 7. The reason why the injection needs repeating is ______ the virus changes. 8. Doing exercise plays an important role in our life. That is ______ it can build up our body. 9. What he really wants to know, with curiosity and urgency, is ______ shirt this is. 10. Reading books can enhance students’ writing skills. That’s ______ I highly recommend students read more books. 拓展语篇 IV. 阅读理解[2025·安徽高二上十校联考] | 体裁 议论文 | 题材 发明的源泉 | 词数 340 | 难度 难 建议用时 10 分钟 | It is a common view that “Necessity is the mother of invention”. That is, inventions supposedly arise when a society has an unfulfilled need. Quite a few inventions do fit in this category. For example, in 1794 Eli Whitney invented cotton gins (轧棉机) to replace laborious hand cleaning of cotton grown in the U.S. South. Such familiar examples fool us into assuming that other major inventions were also responses to perceived needs. In fact, most inventions were developed by people driven by curiosity or by a love of tinkering (捣鼓). Once a device had been invented, the inventor then had to find an application for it. Only after it had been in use for a considerable time did consumers come to feel that they “needed” it. Thus, invention is often the mother of necessity, rather than vice versa. A good example is the history of the motor vehicle which was not invented in response to any demand. When Nikolaus Otto built his first gas engine in 1866, it was weak, heavy, and seven feet tall. Thirty years later, he built the first truck. But it was a time when horse wagons and steam-powered railroads dominated transportation. Public contentment with these two means remained high until World War I when the armies concluded that they really did need trucks, which eventually made those vehicles a substitute for horse-drawn wagons in industrialized countries. Inventors often have to insist on their tinkering for a long time in the absence of public demand, because early models perform too poorly to be useful. For instance, the first cameras, typewriters, and television sets were as awful as Otto’s seven-foot-tall gas engine. That makes it difficult for an inventor to foresee whether his or her awful prototype might eventually find a use and thus invest more time and expense to develop it. Even inventions that meet the need for which they were initially designed may later prove more valuable at meeting unforeseen needs. While James Watt designed his steam engine to pump water from mines, it soon was supplying power to cotton mills, then (with much greater profit) driving trains and boats. 1. Why is Eli Whitney mentioned by the writer in the first paragraph? A. To introduce the topic. B. To deny a statement. C. To clarify a doubt. D. To illustrate a view. 2. What led to the wide use of motor vehicles according to the text? A. The improvement of engine performance. B. The end of World War I . C. The need of the military during war time. D. The decline of horse-drawn wagons. 3. What does the underlined word “That” refer to in the last paragraph? A. Absence of public demand. B. Bad performance of early models. C. A lack of time and expense. D. Awful looks of previous inventions. 4. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Social Need: the Inner Drive for Invention B. Great Invention: the Force of Society’s Progress C. Beyond Necessity: the Curious Pursuit of Invention D. General Application: the Final Purpose of Invention V. 完形填空[2025·广西南宁高三上期中] | 体裁 | 夹叙夹议文 | 题材 | 重视科学实验 | 词数 | 250 | 难度 | 难 | 建议用时 | 12分钟 | In 2011, Adam Riess was my freshman roommate at MIT. Now he won the Nobel Prize in Physics for using the Hubble Space Telescope. While looking at light given off from a distant star, Riess ______ that contrary to the existing theory that the universe’s expansion was slowing down, it was actually ______. Riess said that when he first saw the data, he thought it was a(n) ______ since it didn’t match the existing model. But with ______ analyses and observations, he eventually realized that the data was right and that the model has to be ______. It’s now a generally ______ fact that the universe’s expansion is speeding up, mainly due to a force called “dark energy.” When I met with Riess, we got to talking about his ______. I asked how he insisted that he should be right. He said my question ______ him of something that Richard Feynman said about science. “It doesn’t matter how beautiful your theory is. If it doesn’t ______ the experiment, it’s wrong.” Adam Riess continued, “I have always had a strong ______ in the scientific method—you do an experiment to ______ a hypothesis (假设) and if the data doesn’t fit and you can ______ the data, you must change the hypothesis. This is what makes science different and ______ of explaining the natural world.” I think we need to ______ the way of doing scientific experiments and believe that repeated scientific experiments are an incredibly powerful and logical way to find the ______. 1. A. observed B. told C. expected D. imagined 2. A. cracking B. missing C. weakening D. quickening 3. A. excuse B. mistake C. challenge D. difficulty 4. A. reported B. limited C. repeated D. selected 5. A. copied B. destroyed C. protected D. corrected 6. A. shocking B. accepted C. ignored D. promising 7. A. contribution B. concern C. discovery D. curiosity 8. A. reminded B. warned C. informed D. convinced 9. A. end up with B. combine with C. give way to D. agree with 10. A. emotion B. dream C. belief D. suggestion 11. A. create B. test C. change D. finish 12. A. prove B. share C. collect D. improve 13. A. worthy B. sensible C. independent D. capable 14. A. cover B. replace C. value D. discuss 15. A. law B. truth C. standard D. balance 答案 I. 根据汉语或首字母提示填写单词 1. framework 2. insight 3. initial 4. solid 5. finally II. 单句填空 1. that 2. Initially 3. also 4. by 5. viruses III. 用正确的引导词填空 1. where 2. who 3. how 4. whether 5. what 6. which 7. that 8. because 9. whose 10. why IV. 阅读理解 1-4: D C B C V. 完形填空 1-5: A D B C D 6-10: B C A D C 11-15: B A D C B 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $