专题12 现在完成时（培优讲义）（全国通用）2026年中考英语一轮复习高效培优系列

该初中英语讲义聚焦中考核心语法“现在完成时”，系统覆盖基本用法、时间状语、易混淆知识点（如have been to/gone to/in区别）及与一般过去时差异四大考点，通过“考点深解-命题突破-重难攻坚-练测提能”架构梳理知识逻辑，结合句型结构分析、真题典例精讲（如延续性动词转化）等环节，帮助学生构建完整知识网络，突破语法应用难点。 亮点在于“考点-方法-训练”三维联动设计，如针对延续性动词考点，提供“短暂性动词→延续性动词转化表”（buy→have，borrow→keep）并结合真题变式训练，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。分层设置单项选择、完形填空等题型，配合即时反馈机制，确保高效复习，助力教师精准把控节奏，提升学生中考应试能力。

专题12 现在完成时 目 录 目标导图 考点深解 考点1 现在完成时的基本用法 考点2 现在完成时的时间状语 考点3 易混淆知识点 考点4 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 命题突破 突破1 语法选择/单项选择中的现在完成时考查 突破2 完形填空中的现在完成时考查 突破3 语法填空中的现在完成时考查 重难攻坚 攻坚1 现在完成时的基本用法 攻坚2 易混淆几组词 攻坚3 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 练测提能 ◇考点 1 现在完成时的基本用法 一、概念： 现在完成时：表示过去发生的动作，对现在造成的影响或结果：表示在过去已经开始，并持续到现在的动作或状态 二、基本结构： 助动词have/has+过去分词(done) 注意：现在完成时态的构成分为两部分（have done)： (此时have/has为助动词，没有实际意思) 一是助动词have/has(由主语决定）， 二是实义动词的过去分词(done）。 三、基本句型 肯定句 主语+have/has+过去分词 I have finished the task. 否定句 主语+haven't\hasn’t+过去分词 She hasn't finished her work yet. 疑问句 Have /Has +主语+过去分词...? Has Lucy finished the task? 简单回答 Yes, sb have/has. No, sb haven’t/hasn’t. Yes, she has. No, she hasn’t. 特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词+have/ has 主语done? What has he done? 四、用法 （1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果 （2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态 1. 过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。       ⏺️ I've already had my lunch。【表示我已经吃过午餐，并且现在不饿】 2. 发生在过去并持续到现在的动作或状态。   ⏺️ I've lived here for 10 years. = I've lived here since 10 years ago.【表示我10年前就住在这里，并且现在也住这里】 五、过去分词变化形式 ①一般动词，在词尾直接加“-ed”:start →started ②以不发音的“e”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d”：create→created ③过去分词以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，将"y"变为"i"，再加“-ed”：reply→replied ④重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“-ed”stopped ⑤不规则变化：take→took→taken（注意过去式与过去分词的区别） ◇考点 2 现在完成时的时间状语 1. 现在完成时可以和already(通常用于陈述句), yet(通常用于否定句和疑问句), just（用于陈述句）, ever（用于疑问句）, never（用于否定句）, before, twice, three times等连用。 2.表示从过去开始一直延续到现在(可能延续下去)的动作或状态时（肯定句和疑问句中动词必须用延续性动词）,时间状语有：during/in the past(last) few years , for +时间段, since…ago, since+过去时间点, since+过去式句子，by now, up to now, recently, in recent years… ◇考点 3 易混淆知识点 ①have/has been to，have/ has gone to，have/has been in have been to 曾经去过（现已回来） 可接次数 have gone to 到某地去了（尚未回来;说话时当事人不在场） 通常不用第一人称 have been in/at 在某地呆了多长时间 常接时间段 ②already，yet already 已经 用于肯定句 yet 已经 用于否定句、疑问句中 ③since、for since和for是现在完成时当中常见的标志词。since“自从……”，for“持续了……”。since用来说明动作的开始时间，for用来说明动作延续的时间长度。(与持续性动词连用） since ① since加过去一个具体的时间点（具体的年/月/日，或钟点） ② since+时间段+ago ③ since+一般过去时的从句 ④ 固定句式：It is/ It has been＋时间段＋since＋一般过去时的从句 for for+时间段 since＋时间段＋ago＝for＋时间段 用how long 对since和for引导的时间状语进行提问： ④持续性动词与短暂性动词 短暂性动词所表示的动作在瞬间就可以完成，没有延续下去。通常瞬间动词表示的是一次性动作或者动作的相应结果。不能和since/for连用。 延续性动词又称为【持续性动词】，这类动词表示可以持续的动作，或者状态。动作可以延续一段时间，所以这些动词就可以和since与for连用。 转化原则： ① 短暂性动词→延续性动词： buy 买→have 有　 borrow 借→keep 保留 ② 短暂性动词→be+名词： join 参加→ be a member of 成为…的成员 ③ 短暂性动词→be+形容词： die 死亡→be dead 死了 finish 结束→be over 结束 begin 开始→be on 在上映/已开始 ④ 短暂性动词→be+介词短语： go to school去上学→be in school在上学 join the army参军→be in the army在军队中 附表 非延续性动词 延续性动词 buy have borrow keep come/go be here leave be away （from） open/close be open/be closed begin/start be on end/finish be over die be dead catch a cold have a cold become interested in be interested in get married be married put on wear get up be up wake up be awake fall asleep be asleep join be in = be a member of leave be away from get to/arrive in(at) /reach be ◇考点 4 现在完成时与一般过去时区别 1. 强调的意义、时间不同： 现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，对现在有影响。　 一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，跟现在没影响。 2. 时间状语不同： 一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具体的时间状语 现在完成时的时间状语：for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always, 1．I ________ that movie, so I don’t want to see it again. A．watch B．am watching C．have watched D．will watch 2．The students ________ their final exams and are leaving the classroom. A．have completed B．are completing C．complete D．will complete 3．In recent years, there _________ an increase in the number of traffic accidents. A．have been B．has been C．had been D．is 4．The school art competition is coming, but Lily ________ an idea for her painting yet. A．hasn’t developed B．doesn’t develop C．won’t develop D．is not developing 5．—Look! Jack ________ 250 soft toys in total so far. —Wow. Now I know how much he loves them. A．will collect B．was collecting C．has collected D．is collecting 6．We ________ to Beijing three times in the past five years, and we plan to go again next year. A．travel B．traveled C．have traveled D．are traveling 7．The light is still on in Mr. Lin’s office. I’m afraid he ________ his work. A．doesn’t finish B．didn’t finish C．hasn’t finished D．won’t finish 8．—How long _______ here in New York? —For three days. A．have you come B．were you C．have you been D．will you come 9．—How long ________ his uncle ________ a teacher? —Since ten years ago. A．has; been B．has; become C．will; become D．did; become 10．Digital technology ________ our daily life in many ways since 2020. A．changed B．has changed C．will change D．changes 11．—Linda, your new hat looks really nice on you. How long ________ it? —Oh, thanks. I just bought it last week. A．did you have B．did you buy C．have you had D．have you bought 12．Could you tell me how long ________? A．you have bought the watch B．you have kept this science book C．have you been away from China D．have you been a member of Greener China 13．Mrs. Yang, the oldest woman in this village, _______ for a month. A．has been dead B．has died C．had died D．died 14．—How long have you _________ this book from the library? —For two weeks. I must return it tomorrow. A．borrowed B．kept C．lent D．bought 15．—She ________ ten years ago.   —You mean she ________ him for ten years. A．married; has got married to B．got married; has got married with C．got married; has been married with D．got married; has been married to 16．—When did the teachers come to China? —They ________ China for seven years. A．have come to B．have been to C．have come in D．have been in 17．—I’m sorry for being late. —Never mind. The movie ________ for only 5 minutes. A．has begun B．has been on C．have begun D．began 18．—Nick, you come here so late. The concert ________ since half an hour ago! —What a pity! No wonder all the singers have left. A．has ended B．has been over C．has started D．has been on 19．— The film Ne Zha 2 is really amazing. Have you ________ watched it? — Not ________. But I plan to watch it at the cinema this Saturday evening. A．already; just B．ever; yet C．just; already D．yet; ever 20．—________ you ever ________ with a group? —Yes. It helps a lot. A．Do; studies B．Have; study C．Do; studied D．Have; studied 21．The new museum for Modern Chinese Scientists ________ to the public since last spring. A．are open B．was open C．has been open D．will be open 22．My aunt isn’t here. She ________ Beijing on business. She will be back in three days. A．went B．has gone to C．has been to D．will go to 23．—Excuse me.Where’s Mr Hu? —Oh,he _______ the canteen for lunch. He’ll be back soon. A．goes to B．has gone to C．went to D．has been to 24．Although Lucy ________ the Great Wall, she still plans to visit it again. A．has been to B．has gone to C．has been in D．has been away 25．—Tina, when did you come to Guangyuan? —Oh, many years ago. I ________ here since I was five. A．have gone B．have been C．was D．am ◇突破 1 单项选择中的现在完成时考查 典例1I have _______ this bike for about two years. I always ride it to school. A．had B．returned C．borrowed D．bought 变式1—How long is it since he ________ his hometown? —He ________ for nearly 10 years. A．left; left B．has left; has left C．has left; has been away D．left; has been away ◇突破 2 语法选择中的现在完成时考查 The Great Wall, which is a symbol of our history, snakes across a mountain area of Tianzhu, Gansu province. Thirty-nine projectors work 1 (careful) in the area to protect the great wonder. With 2 history of over 2,000 years, the wall in Gansu wasn’t in good condition. Nature did great harm to the wall. Some parts of the wall were washed away by heavy rains and blown away by strong winds. People in some places also harmed it. But things started to change. In 2006, the Great Wall Protection Regulations (条例) came into effect. After that, more and more people started to take part 3 caring for the wall. In recent years, the government of Tianzhu 4 (spend) more and more money protecting the wall. Modern technologies like self-driven sensing technology 5 drones (无人机) have also been used to watch the wall. With all these efforts, the protectors are still busy with 6 (they) work. Every week they guard the wall, and any changes 7 (record) and reported to the government. They also help people realize it’s important 8 (protect) cultural heritage (遗产). Luckily, with their hard work, much 9 (great) changes have taken place. “As long as we are here, we will protect this wall. It is our job and our 10 (proud),” said one of the protectors. ◇难点 1 现在完成时的基本用法 典例1This new storybook is very interesting. I ________ it twice already. A．was reading B．have read C．am reading D．will read 变式1 Our government ________ lots of efforts to improve people’s living conditions in the past 5 years. A．made B．make C．will make D．has made ◇难点 2 易混淆几组词或词组 典例2 My family ________ Beijing twice to climb the Great Wall. A．have been in B．have been C．have been to D．have gone to 变式2 —Where is Millie? I haven’t seen her for a long time. —She ________ the USA and she ________ New York for two months. A．has been to; has been in B．has gone to; has been in C．has been in; has been to D．has gone to; has been to ◇难点 3 现在完成时与一般过去时区别 典例3—________ you ________ your science project yet? —Yes, I ________ it two weeks ago. A．Did; do; finished B．Have; done; have finished C．Have; done; finished D．Will; do; finish 变式3—Have you watered the flowers in the garden yet? —Yes, I ________ it already. I ________ it ten minutes ago. A．have done; have finished B．did; have finished C．did; finished D．have done; finished 一、单项选择 1．（23-24九年级上·湖北襄阳·期中）—Sir, please drive as fast as you can. My plane ________ off in two hours. —I’ll try my best, but safety comes first. A．takes B．took C．has taken D．will take 2．（2021九年级下·全国·专题练习）—Have you gone to the airport yet? —Right. According to the time table, the plane ________ at 9:00. A．leaves B．is leaving C．will be leaving D．has left 3．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）—Excuse me, may I use your ruler? I ________ mine. —Of course! Here you are. A．have lost B．will lose C．am losing 4．（2025·西藏·中考真题）I ________ some good friends since I came to this school. A．has made B．have made C．make D．made 5．（2025·江苏镇江·中考真题）Our English teacher isn’t in the office now. She ________ the library. A．goes to B．has gone to C．will go to D．was going to 6．（2025·四川凉山·中考真题）—China is taking action to help people manage their weight and lead healthier lives. —Yes. The government ________ a three-year “Weight Management Year” program already. A．started B．has started C．will start 7．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）The therapy centre is on High Street and it ________ service for over 10 years. A．has started B．has been in C．has stopped D．has been out of 8．（2025·北京·中考真题）Many international students ________ to visit our school since last year. A．are coming B．have come C．came D．will come 9．（2025·吉林长春·中考真题）The movie Ne Zha 2 ________ with the public since it came out. A．has been popular B．is popular C．was popular D．will be popular 10．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）—How long has she ________ the science book? I want to borrow it from her. —For nearly three weeks. I think she might have finished reading it. A．buy B．had C．bought 11．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Lots of tourists from the southern part of China ________ Harbin twice. A．have been in B．have gone to C．have been to 12．（2025·福建·中考真题）Since last year, our school ________ free breakfasts to students in need. A．offered B．has offered C．was offering 13．（2025·云南·中考真题）The film Ne Zha 2 is worth seeing. I ________ it three times so far. A．have seen B．am going to see C．saw D．see 14．（2024·江苏南京·中考真题）Most people agree that smart technology ________ a big part of society so far. A．become B．became C．has become D．is becoming 15．（2024·甘肃甘南·中考真题）—Where is your uncle? —He ________ America and he will stay in New York for two weeks. A．has been to B．has gone to C．has been in 16．（2024·四川·中考真题）I ________ movies since I first went to the cinema. A．love B．loved C．am loving D．have loved 17．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）—I’m afraid the tickets to the concert have been sold out. —Don’t worry. I ________ two tickets online already. A．have bought B．will buy C．may buy 18．（2024·江苏淮安·中考真题）—Mum, I ________ the living room already. —Good job! It is so tidy now. A．have cleaned B．will clean C．am cleaning D．clean 19．（2024·江苏镇江·中考真题）So far, some of the dialects (方言) ________ in use for thousands of years. They are full of local color. A．were B．are C．have been D．will be 20．（2024·北京·中考真题）With the help of my teacher, I ________ much progress in English since last year. A．am making B．will make C．was making D．have made 21．（2024·江苏常州·中考真题）I ______ Yancheng Park several times, so I know a lot about it. A．was visiting B．have visited C．visit D．will visit 22．（2024·河北·中考真题）Alex ________ tea culture since he came to China in 2010. A．studies B．studied C．has studied D．was studying 23．（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）Since I was born, my family ________ in the same flat. A．live B．will live C．are living D．have lived 24．（2024·江苏连云港·中考真题）As a Chinese traditional martial art (武术), Taijiquan _________ to more than 150 countries all over the world so far. A．spreads B．is spreading C．will spread D．has spread 25．（2024·四川成都·中考真题）The astronauts of the Shenzhou-18 ________ in the Tiangong space station for about two months since they were sent into space in April this year. A．will work B．have worked C．is working 2、 完形填空 （2025·浙江·中考真题）Every morning, before Emma rushed out, her mother gently pulled Emma close, placed a soft kiss on her forehead (额头), and said softly, “Work hard.” Then, a second kiss landed on her cheek (脸颊) with the word “ 1 .” Finally, a third kiss touched her other cheek, “Have fun!” Emma 2 three special kisses. Mom’s three kisses helped Emma deal with 3 challenges she would meet in school. She 4 her math class. In the math class, she met a difficult math problem. 5 that moment, she remembered her mom’s first 6 . She took a deep breath and worked hard, eventually solving it. At lunch, she saw a 7 girl sitting alone. The second kiss reminded her to be kind, 8 she walked over, shared her cookies and chatted with the girl to help her get to know the new school soon. Later, during breaks, her friends called her to 9 a lively game. She wanted to refuse. 10 , she remembered the third kiss. She ran freely onto the field, laughing. She 11 as she played the game, and truly had fun. Leaving school that day, Emma felt a deep sense of satisfaction. Her backpack was full of finished work, her heart was warm from 12 others, and her spirit was lifted by laughter and play. Her 13 three simple phrases weren’t just words. They were a compass (指南针) guiding her towards a 14 filled with purpose, connection, and joy. She knew exactly 15 she would find waiting for her tomorrow morning: three kisses, ready to send her out into the world again. 1．A．hardworking B．polite C．kind D．clever 2．A．accepted B．took C．sent D．received 3．A．few B．main C．little D．much 4．A．headed for B．arrived at C．ended up D．put off 5．A．In B．On C．At D．Over 6．A．letter B．note C．story D．advice 7．A．happy B．new C．beautiful D．young 8．A．then B．but C．so D．since 9．A．join B．quit C．attend D．do 10．A．Suddenly B．Accidentally C．Finally D．Instead 11．A．cried B．fought C．ran D．cheered 12．A．helping B．talking C．teaching D．praising 13．A．friend’s B．mother’s C．sister’s D．grandma’s 14．A．day B．moment C．morning D．time 15．A．how B．when C．what D．where 1 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题12 现在完成时 目 录 目标导图 考点深解 考点1 现在完成时的基本用法 考点2 现在完成时的时间状语 考点3 易混淆知识点 考点4 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 命题突破 突破1 语法选择/单项选择中的现在完成时考查 突破2 完形填空中的现在完成时考查 突破3 语法填空中的现在完成时考查 重难攻坚 攻坚1 现在完成时的基本用法 攻坚2 易混淆几组词 攻坚3 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 练测提能 ◇考点 1 现在完成时的基本用法 一、概念： 现在完成时：表示过去发生的动作，对现在造成的影响或结果：表示在过去已经开始，并持续到现在的动作或状态 二、基本结构： 助动词have/has+过去分词(done) 注意：现在完成时态的构成分为两部分（have done)： (此时have/has为助动词，没有实际意思) 一是助动词have/has(由主语决定）， 二是实义动词的过去分词(done）。 三、基本句型 肯定句 主语+have/has+过去分词 I have finished the task. 否定句 主语+haven't\hasn’t+过去分词 She hasn't finished her work yet. 疑问句 Have /Has +主语+过去分词...? Has Lucy finished the task? 简单回答 Yes, sb have/has. No, sb haven’t/hasn’t. Yes, she has. No, she hasn’t. 特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词+have/ has 主语done? What has he done? 四、用法 （1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果 （2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态 1. 过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。       ⏺️ I've already had my lunch。【表示我已经吃过午餐，并且现在不饿】 2. 发生在过去并持续到现在的动作或状态。   ⏺️ I've lived here for 10 years. = I've lived here since 10 years ago.【表示我10年前就住在这里，并且现在也住这里】 五、过去分词变化形式 ①一般动词，在词尾直接加“-ed”:start →started ②以不发音的“e”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d”：create→created ③过去分词以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，将"y"变为"i"，再加“-ed”：reply→replied ④重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“-ed”stopped ⑤不规则变化：take→took→taken（注意过去式与过去分词的区别） ◇考点 2 现在完成时的时间状语 1. 现在完成时可以和already(通常用于陈述句), yet(通常用于否定句和疑问句), just（用于陈述句）, ever（用于疑问句）, never（用于否定句）, before, twice, three times等连用。 2.表示从过去开始一直延续到现在(可能延续下去)的动作或状态时（肯定句和疑问句中动词必须用延续性动词）,时间状语有：during/in the past(last) few years , for +时间段, since…ago, since+过去时间点, since+过去式句子，by now, up to now, recently, in recent years… ◇考点 3 易混淆知识点 ①have/has been to，have/ has gone to，have/has been in have been to 曾经去过（现已回来） 可接次数 have gone to 到某地去了（尚未回来;说话时当事人不在场） 通常不用第一人称 have been in/at 在某地呆了多长时间 常接时间段 ②already，yet already 已经 用于肯定句 yet 已经 用于否定句、疑问句中 ③since、for since和for是现在完成时当中常见的标志词。since“自从……”，for“持续了……”。since用来说明动作的开始时间，for用来说明动作延续的时间长度。(与持续性动词连用） since ① since加过去一个具体的时间点（具体的年/月/日，或钟点） ② since+时间段+ago ③ since+一般过去时的从句 ④ 固定句式：It is/ It has been＋时间段＋since＋一般过去时的从句 for for+时间段 since＋时间段＋ago＝for＋时间段 用how long 对since和for引导的时间状语进行提问： ④持续性动词与短暂性动词 短暂性动词所表示的动作在瞬间就可以完成，没有延续下去。通常瞬间动词表示的是一次性动作或者动作的相应结果。不能和since/for连用。 延续性动词又称为【持续性动词】，这类动词表示可以持续的动作，或者状态。动作可以延续一段时间，所以这些动词就可以和since与for连用。 短暂性动词不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用，需要进行转化。 转化原则： ① 短暂性动词→延续性动词： buy 买→have 有　 borrow 借→keep 保留 ② 短暂性动词→be+名词： join 参加→ be a member of 成为…的成员 ③ 短暂性动词→be+形容词： die 死亡→be dead 死了 finish 结束→be over 结束 begin 开始→be on 在上映/已开始 ④ 短暂性动词→be+介词短语： go to school去上学→be in school在上学 join the army参军→be in the army在军队中 附表 非延续性动词 延续性动词 buy have borrow keep come/go be here leave be away （from） open/close be open/be closed begin/start be on end/finish be over die be dead catch a cold have a cold become interested in be interested in get married be married put on wear get up be up wake up be awake fall asleep be asleep join be in = be a member of leave be away from get to/arrive in(at) /reach be ◇考点 4 现在完成时与一般过去时区别 1. 强调的意义、时间不同： 现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，对现在有影响。　 一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，跟现在没影响。 2. 时间状语不同： 一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具体的时间状语 现在完成时的时间状语：for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always, 1．I ________ that movie, so I don’t want to see it again. A．watch B．am watching C．have watched D．will watch 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我看过那部电影，所以我不想再看一遍。 考查动词时态。根据“so I don’t want to see it again.”可知，表示现在不想再看，表明“看电影”的动作已经发生并对现在有影响，因此用现在完成时。故选C。 2．The students ________ their final exams and are leaving the classroom. A．have completed B．are completing C．complete D．will complete 【答案】A 【解析】句意：学生们已经完成了期末考试，并且正在离开教室。 考查现在完成时。根据“The students…their final exams and are leaving the classroom.”可知，此处描述过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，指的是学生们已经完成了期末考试，应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has done”。故选A。 3．In recent years, there _________ an increase in the number of traffic accidents. A．have been B．has been C．had been D．is 【答案】B 【解析】句意：近年来，交通事故的数量有所增加。 考查时态和主谓一致。根据“In recent years”可知此处用现在完成时，主语“an increase”是单数，助动词用has。故选B。 4．The school art competition is coming, but Lily ________ an idea for her painting yet. A．hasn’t developed B．doesn’t develop C．won’t develop D．is not developing 【答案】A 【解析】句意：学校美术比赛即将到来，但Lily还没有为她的绘画想出一个主意。 考查动词时态。 根据“an idea for her painting yet”可知，yet常用于现在完成时（have/has+过去分词），强调动作从过去持续到现在仍未完成，此处指Lily到现在还没有想出主意。故选A。 5．—Look! Jack ________ 250 soft toys in total so far. —Wow. Now I know how much he loves them. A．will collect B．was collecting C．has collected D．is collecting 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——看！到目前为止Jack已经收集了总共250个毛绒玩具。——哇。现在我知道他有多喜欢它们了。 考查时态。根据时间状语“so far”可知，表示过去发生且持续到现在的动作，“总共收集了 250 个毛绒玩具”，对应后文“知道他多喜欢”的语境，用现在完成时“has collected”。故选C。 6．We ________ to Beijing three times in the past five years, and we plan to go again next year. A．travel B．traveled C．have traveled D．are traveling 【答案】C 【解析】句意：在过去的五年里，我们已经去过北京三次了，并且我们计划明年再去。 考查时态。根据时间状语“in the past five years”表示过去发生且持续到现在的动作，用现在完成时“have traveled”。故选C。 7．The light is still on in Mr. Lin’s office. I’m afraid he ________ his work. A．doesn’t finish B．didn’t finish C．hasn’t finished D．won’t finish 【答案】C 【解析】句意：林先生办公室的灯还亮着。恐怕他还没有完成工作。 考查现在完成时。根据“The light is still on in Mr. Lin’s office.”可知，林先生办公室的灯还亮着，说明他的工作应该还没有完成，句子应用现在完成时。故选C。 8．—How long _______ here in New York? —For three days. A．have you come B．were you C．have you been D．will you come 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你在纽约待了多久了？  ——三天了。   考查动词时态。have you come你已经来了，现在完成时，come为非延续性动词，不能与时间段连用；were you你是，一般过去时，为be动词过去式，不能与时间段连用；have you been你已经待了，现在完成时，be为延续性动词，可与时间段连用；will you come你将来吗，一般将来时，come为非延续性动词，不能与时间段连用。根据答语“For three days”可知，问句询问的是在某地待了多久，应用现在完成时，且动词应为延续性动词。故选C。 9．—How long ________ his uncle ________ a teacher? —Since ten years ago. A．has; been B．has; become C．will; become D．did; become 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——他的叔叔当老师多久了？——自从十年前。 考查现在完成时的用法。根据“Since ten years ago”可知，问句询问的是从过去持续到现在的动作或状态，需用现在完成时，结构为has/have done。主语为第三人称单数的“his uncle”，助动词用has。动词需用延续性动词，“be a teacher”表示延续状态，be的过去分词为been。故选A。 10．Digital technology ________ our daily life in many ways since 2020. A．changed B．has changed C．will change D．changes 【答案】B 【解析】句意：自2020年以来，数字技术在许多方面改变了我们的日常生活。 考查时态。根据“since 2020”可知，句子表示从过去某一时间点开始持续到现在的动作或状态，应使用现在完成时。has changed现在完成时。故选B。 11．—Linda, your new hat looks really nice on you. How long ________ it? —Oh, thanks. I just bought it last week. A．did you have B．did you buy C．have you had D．have you bought 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——琳达，你的新帽子戴在你头上看起来真好看。你买了多久了？——哦，谢谢。我上周刚买的。 考查时态和延续性动词的用法。A项did you have和B项did you buy是一般过去时；C项have you had是现在完成时，“have”拥有，为延续性动词；D项have you bought是现在完成时，“buy”买，为短暂性动词。根据“How long”可知，此处应用现在完成时，表示动作从过去持续到现在，且谓语动词需为延续性动词。故选C。 12．Could you tell me how long ________? A．you have bought the watch B．you have kept this science book C．have you been away from China D．have you been a member of Greener China 【答案】B 【解析】句意：你能告诉我你持有这本科学书多久了吗？ 考查宾语从句及延续性动词。根据“Could you tell me how long”可知，此处是how long引导的宾语从句，从句用陈述句语序，排除C、D选项；且how long需与延续性动词使用，A选项bought是buy的过去分词，buy是短暂性动词，故排除A选项。故选B。 13．Mrs. Yang, the oldest woman in this village, _______ for a month. A．has been dead B．has died C．had died D．died 【答案】A 【解析】句意：杨太太是这个村子里最年长的女人，她已经去世一个月了。 考查动词时态。根据“for a month”可知，句子应用现在完成时，且谓语动词应是延续性动词，die是短暂性动词，其延续性形式为be dead，所以句子应用has been dead。has died、had died和died都是短暂性动词的相应形式，不能与一段时间“for a month”连用。故选A。 14．—How long have you _________ this book from the library? —For two weeks. I must return it tomorrow. A．borrowed B．kept C．lent D．bought 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你从图书馆借这本书多长时间了？——两周了。我明天必须归还它。 考查动词的延续性和短暂性辨析。borrowed借入（短暂性）；kept保持（延续性）；lent借出（短暂性）；bought购买（短暂性）。How long提问时，谓语动词需用延续性动词。故选B。 15．—She ________ ten years ago.   —You mean she ________ him for ten years. A．married; has got married to B．got married; has got married with C．got married; has been married with D．got married; has been married to 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——她十年前结婚了。——你是说她已经和他结婚十年了。 考查动词时态和延续性动词的用法。married结婚，后面通常接人；got married结婚，强调动作；has got married with表述错误；has been married with表述错误；be married to sb和某人结婚，描述状态。根据“ten years ago.”可知，此处表示十年前的一个具体事件（时间点），因此动词需用过去式，“got married”符合题意；根据“for ten years”可知，第二空表示时间持续十年（从过去开始到现在），因此动词需用现在完成时“have/has+过去分词”，强调状态持续，“be married to”是固定搭配，意为“和某人结婚”，表示已婚状态，主语是“she”，因此填“has been married to”。故选D。 16．—When did the teachers come to China? —They ________ China for seven years. A．have come to B．have been to C．have come in D．have been in 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——老师们什么时候来中国的？——他们已经在中国七年了。 考查现在完成时。have come to中come是短暂性动词，不能与表示一段时间的“for seven years”连用；have been to表示去过某地，已经回来，强调经历，不能与表示一段时间的“for seven years”连用；have come in中come是短暂性动词，in在这里使用错误，且不能与表示一段时间的“for seven years”连用；have been in表示在某地待了多长时间，可以与表示一段时间的“for seven years”连用。故选D。 17．—I’m sorry for being late. —Never mind. The movie ________ for only 5 minutes. A．has begun B．has been on C．have begun D．began 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——很抱歉我迟到了。——没关系。电影才开始5分钟。 考查现在完成时及非延续性动词。结合句意和语境，“begin”是短暂性动词，不能与“for+时间段（for only 5 minutes）”连用，需用对应的延续性动词短语“be on”。主语“the movie”是单数，现在完成时结构为“has+过去分词”，“be”的过去分词是“been”，所以用“has been on”。故选B。 18．—Nick, you come here so late. The concert ________ since half an hour ago! —What a pity! No wonder all the singers have left. A．has ended B．has been over C．has started D．has been on 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——尼克，你来得太晚了。音乐会已经结束半小时了！——太遗憾了！难怪所有歌手都离开了。 考查现在完成时及动词延续性辨析。根据“since half an hour ago”及“No wonder all the singers have left”可知，歌手都离开了，音乐会已经结束了，应选用延续性状态表达“结束”。“has been over”中，over为形容词，“be over”表示状态延续，可与时间段连用，故选B。 19．— The film Ne Zha 2 is really amazing. Have you ________ watched it? — Not ________. But I plan to watch it at the cinema this Saturday evening. A．already; just B．ever; yet C．just; already D．yet; ever 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——《哪吒2》真是令人惊喜！你看过了吗？——还没有。但是我计划这个周六晚上去电影院看。 考查现在完成时。already已经；yet还；ever曾经；just仅仅。根据“Have you...watched it?”可知，问句是含有ever的现在完成时的句子，表示“是否曾经做过某事？”，Not yet“还没有”是否定回答。故选B。 20．—________ you ever ________ with a group? —Yes. It helps a lot. A．Do; studies B．Have; study C．Do; studied D．Have; studied 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——你曾经和一小组人一起学习过吗？——对。它帮助很大。 考查时态。根据“ever”可知，句子时态为现在完成时have/has done。故选D。 21．The new museum for Modern Chinese Scientists ________ to the public since last spring. A．are open B．was open C．has been open D．will be open 【答案】C 【解析】句意：中国现代科学家新博物馆自去年春天起就对公众开放了。    考查动词时态辨析。are open一般现在时；was open一般过去时；has been open现在完成时；will be open一般将来时。根据“since last spring”可知，这句话是现在完成时，需用“have/has+过去分词”结构，主语“The new museum”是单数，助动词用has，“be open”中open为形容词，表状态，故选C。 22．My aunt isn’t here. She ________ Beijing on business. She will be back in three days. A．went B．has gone to C．has been to D．will go to 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我的阿姨不在这里。她已经去北京出差了。她将在三天后回来。 考查动词的时态。went去，过去式；has gone to已经去了某地（未回）；has been to曾经去过某地（已回）；will go to将去。根据“My aunt isn’t here. She...Beijing on business. She will be back in three days.”可知，她目前不在且未返回，此处应用现在完成时中的has gone to。故选B。 23．—Excuse me.Where’s Mr Hu? —Oh,he _______ the canteen for lunch. He’ll be back soon. A．goes to B．has gone to C．went to D．has been to 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——打扰一下，胡先生在哪里？——哦，他去食堂吃午饭了，很快就会回来。 考查现在完成时的用法。goes to一般现在时，表示习惯性动作；has gone to现在完成时，表示去了，但还未回来，强调对现在的影响；went to一般过去时，仅表示过去的动作，不强调对现在的影响；has been to现在完成时，去过某地（已返回）。根据“Where’s Mr Hu...he...the canteen for lunch. He’ll be back soon”可知胡先生去食堂的动作发生在过去，但对现在造成影响（目前人不在场），需用现在完成时“has gone to”（表示已去某地且未返回）。故选B。 24．Although Lucy ________ the Great Wall, she still plans to visit it again. A．has been to B．has gone to C．has been in D．has been away 【答案】A 【解析】句意：尽管露西已经去过长城，但她仍然计划再去游览一次。 考查现在完成时和短语辨析。has been to去过，已返回；has gone to去了，未返回；has been in待在，某地一段时间；has been away离开，表状态。根据“she still plans to visit it again”可知，这里表示露西已经去过长城且已返回，has been to符合语境。故选A。 25．—Tina, when did you come to Guangyuan? —Oh, many years ago. I ________ here since I was five. A．have gone B．have been C．was D．am 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——蒂娜，你什么时候来的广元？——哦，很多年前了。我从五岁起就一直在这里。 考查动词时态。根据“since”可知句子应用现在完成时；have gone to去了某地，还未回来；have been in待在某地。根据“here since I was five.”可知此处表示一直待在那里，用have been in，空后是地点副词here，省略介词in。故选B。 ◇突破 1 单项选择中的现在完成时考查 典例1I have _______ this bike for about two years. I always ride it to school. A．had B．returned C．borrowed D．bought 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我拥有这辆自行车大约两年了。我总是骑着它去上学。 考查延续性动词的用法。had拥有，过去式和过去分词形式；returned归还，是短暂性动词；borrowed借入，是短暂性动词；bought买，是短暂性动词。“have”作为持续性动词，可以和表示一段时间的状语连用，“for about two years”是一段时间，“have had”表示“已经拥有”，符合语法和语境。故选A。 变式1—How long is it since he ________ his hometown? —He ________ for nearly 10 years. A．left; left B．has left; has left C．has left; has been away D．left; has been away 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——他离开家乡多久了？——他离开近10年了。 考查动词时态。第一空：“since”引导时间状语从句时，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时，故填left；第二空：“for nearly 10 years”表示持续的时间段，需用现在完成时的延续性动词结构，has been away符合语境，而“has left”是瞬间动词不能接时间段。故选D。 ◇突破 2 语法选择中的现在完成时考查 The Great Wall, which is a symbol of our history, snakes across a mountain area of Tianzhu, Gansu province. Thirty-nine projectors work 1 (careful) in the area to protect the great wonder. With 2 history of over 2,000 years, the wall in Gansu wasn’t in good condition. Nature did great harm to the wall. Some parts of the wall were washed away by heavy rains and blown away by strong winds. People in some places also harmed it. But things started to change. In 2006, the Great Wall Protection Regulations (条例) came into effect. After that, more and more people started to take part 3 caring for the wall. In recent years, the government of Tianzhu 4 (spend) more and more money protecting the wall. Modern technologies like self-driven sensing technology 5 drones (无人机) have also been used to watch the wall. With all these efforts, the protectors are still busy with 6 (they) work. Every week they guard the wall, and any changes 7 (record) and reported to the government. They also help people realize it’s important 8 (protect) cultural heritage (遗产). Luckily, with their hard work, much 9 (great) changes have taken place. “As long as we are here, we will protect this wall. It is our job and our 10 (proud),” said one of the protectors. 【答案】 1．carefully 2．a 3．in 4．has spent 5．and 6．their 7．are recorded 8．to protect 9．greater 10．pride 【解析】本文主要介绍了甘肃天祝境内有着2000多年历史的长城曾因自然和人为因素遭破坏，2006年起经多方保护与科技助力，状况显著改善，保护者们也将守护这份历史遗产。 1．句意：39台投影仪在该区域精心工作，以保护这一伟大奇迹。 “work”为实义动词，需要用副词来修饰，故将形容词careful改为其副词形式。 故填carefully。 2．句意：甘肃境内的长城拥有超过2000年的历史，状况曾不佳。 “history”此处为可数名词，意为“一段历史”，且发音以辅音因素/h/开头，故应填写不定冠词a。 故填a。 3．句意：从那以后，越来越多的人开始参与到保护长城的行动中。“take part in”固定短语“参与”，后接动名词形式。符合“人们参与保护行动”的语境。故填in。 4．句意：近年来，天祝政府投入了越来越多的资金保护长城。“in recent years”是现在完成时的标志词，主语“the government of Tianzhu”是第三人称单数。 故填has spent。 5．句意：自动化感应技术和无人机等现代科技也已被用于守护长城。“self-driven sensing technology”和“drones”为两个并列的名词短语，故用并列连词来连接，表示“和”的含义。故填and。 6．句意：尽管付出了这些努力，保护者们仍忙于他们的工作。“work”此处为名词，需要用形容词来修饰。故需将they改为其形容词性物主代词形式。故填their。 7．句意：他们每周都守护着长城，任何变化都会被记录并上报给政府。主语“any changes”与谓语“record”是被动关系，结合上下文时态，故应为一般现在时的被动语态。再参考主语“changes ”为复数形式。故填are recorded。 8．句意：他们还帮助人们认识到保护文化遗产的重要性。固定句型“It's important to do sth.”意为“做某事很重要”，此处用动词不定式“to protect”作真正的主语。故填to protect。 9．句意：幸运的是，在他们的努力下，长城发生了更大的变化。“much”修饰形容词的比较级。 故填greater。 10．句意：一位保护者说：“只要我们在这里，就会守护这座长城。这是我们的工作，也是我们的骄傲。” 此处“and”并列连词，连接两个并列表语，词性应与“job”保持一致，故应转化为名词形式。故填pride。 ◇难点 1 现在完成时的基本用法 典例1This new storybook is very interesting. I ________ it twice already. A．was reading B．have read C．am reading D．will read 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这本新故事书非常有趣。我已经读了两遍了。 考查动词时态辨析。根据“already”和“twice”可知，此处强调动作已完成的次数，对现在有影响，用现在完成时，故选B。 变式1 Our government ________ lots of efforts to improve people’s living conditions in the past 5 years. A．made B．make C．will make D．has made 【答案】D 【解析】句意：在过去的五年里，我们的政府为提升人们的生活条件做出了很多努力。 考查动词的时态。made做了，一般过去时；make做，一般现在时；will make将做，一般将来时；has made已经做了，现在完成时。根据“in the past 5 years”可知，该句时态为现在完成时，故选D。 ◇难点 2 易混淆几组词或词组 典例2 My family ________ Beijing twice to climb the Great Wall. A．have been in B．have been C．have been to D．have gone to 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我的家人去过北京两次爬长城。 考查动词短语辨析。have been in表示“在某地停留过”；have been不完整；have been to表示“去过某地（已返回）”；have gone to表示“去了某地（未返回）”。根据“twice”及句意可知，强调“去过北京两次”且已返回，故选C。 变式2 —Where is Millie? I haven’t seen her for a long time. —She ________ the USA and she ________ New York for two months. A．has been to; has been in B．has gone to; has been in C．has been in; has been to D．has gone to; has been to 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—— 米莉在哪里？我好久没见到她了。—— 她去了美国，并且已经在纽约待了两个月了 。考查现在完成时。have been to去过某地，现已回来；have been in在某地待了多长时间；have gone to去了某地，还未回来。根据“ I haven’t seen her for a long time.”可知，米莉现在还在美国，尚未回来，排除选项A和C；根据“for two months”可知，此处与“for+一段时间”连用，应用have been in，表示“在纽约待了两个月”的持续状态。故选B。 ◇难点 3 现在完成时与一般过去时区别 典例3—________ you ________ your science project yet? —Yes, I ________ it two weeks ago. A．Did; do; finished B．Have; done; have finished C．Have; done; finished D．Will; do; finish 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你已经完成你的科学项目了吗？——是的，我两周前完成的。 考查现在完成时和一般过去时。根据“yet”以及句意可知，第一空所在句子是询问是否完成项目，应用现在完成时have done的结构，排除A和D选项。第二空根据时间状语“two weeks ago”可知，句子应用一般过去时，排除B选项。故选C。 变式3—Have you watered the flowers in the garden yet? —Yes, I ________ it already. I ________ it ten minutes ago. A．have done; have finished B．did; have finished C．did; finished D．have done; finished 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——你给花园里的花浇水了吗？——是的，我已经浇完了。我十分钟前完成的。 考查现在完成时和一般过去时的用法。第一个空。根据“already”可知，此处强调动作已完成，用现在完成时，主语为“I”，现在完成时结构为have done；第二个空，根据“ten minutes ago”可知，此处描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，finish用过去式的finished。故选D。 一、单项选择 1．（23-24九年级上·湖北襄阳·期中）—Sir, please drive as fast as you can. My plane ________ off in two hours. —I’ll try my best, but safety comes first. A．takes B．took C．has taken D．will take 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——先生，请开得尽可能快些。我的飞机两小时后起飞。——我会尽力的，但安全第一。 考查动词时态。根据“My plane...off in two hours.”可知此处飞机起飞是按照规定要发生的动作，应使用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，动词需使用三单形式。故选A。 2．（2021九年级下·全国·专题练习）—Have you gone to the airport yet? —Right. According to the time table, the plane ________ at 9:00. A．leaves B．is leaving C．will be leaving D．has left 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——你已经去过机场了吗？——马上，根据时刻表，飞机9点钟离开。 考查时态。根据“the time table”可知，此处表达的是按照时刻表安排的动作，应用一般现在时。故选A。 3．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）—Excuse me, may I use your ruler? I ________ mine. —Of course! Here you are. A．have lost B．will lose C．am losing 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——打扰一下，我可以用你的尺子吗？我丢失了我的尺子。——当然！给你。 考查现在完成时。根据“Excuse me, may I use your ruler?”可知，此处是指已经丢失了尺子，从而导致去借对方的尺子，空处强调过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时。故选A。 4．（2025·西藏·中考真题）I ________ some good friends since I came to this school. A．has made B．have made C．make D．made 【答案】B 【解析】句意：自从我来到这所学校以来，我交了一些好朋友。 考查时态。根据“since I came to this school”可知句子用现在完成时have/has done，主语是I，助动词用have。故选B。 5．（2025·江苏镇江·中考真题）Our English teacher isn’t in the office now. She ________ the library. A．goes to B．has gone to C．will go to D．was going to 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我们的英语老师现在不在办公室。她去图书馆了。 考查动词时态。根据“Our English teacher isn’t in the office now”可知，“去图书馆”的动作发生在过去，且对现在造成了“不在办公室”的影响，需用现在完成时；“has gone to” 符合“去了未回”的语境。故选B。 6．（2025·四川凉山·中考真题）—China is taking action to help people manage their weight and lead healthier lives. —Yes. The government ________ a three-year “Weight Management Year” program already. A．started B．has started C．will start 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——中国正在采取行动帮助人们控制体重，过上更健康的生活。——是的。政府已经开始了为期三年的“体重管理年”计划。 考查时态。started一般过去时；has started现在完成时；will start一般将来时。根据“already”可知，政府已经开始了为期三年的“体重管理年”计划，本句应使用现在完成时。故选B。 7．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）The therapy centre is on High Street and it ________ service for over 10 years. A．has started B．has been in C．has stopped D．has been out of 【答案】B 【解析】句意：治疗中心位于高街，已经服务了10多年。 考查动词和动词短语。has started开始，start是短暂性动词，不能与持续时间连用；has been in一直在……中，强调状态从过去持续到现在；has stopped停止，stop是短暂性动词，不能与持续时间连用；has been out of一直在……之外，强调状态从过去持续到现在。根据“for over 10 years”可知，此处不能使用短暂性动词start和stop，排除A、C；结合“The therapy centre is on High Street and it ... service for over 10 years.”可知，治疗中心一直提供服务超过10年，应该用has been in。故选B。 8．（2025·北京·中考真题）Many international students ________ to visit our school since last year. A．are coming B．have come C．came D．will come 【答案】B 【解析】句意：自去年以来，许多国际学生来参观我们学校。 考查动词时态。根据“since last year”可知，句子时态是现在完成时，结构是have/has done。故选B。 9．（2025·吉林长春·中考真题）The movie Ne Zha 2 ________ with the public since it came out. A．has been popular B．is popular C．was popular D．will be popular 【答案】A 【解析】句意： 电影《哪吒2》自上映以来一直受到公众的欢迎。 考查现在完成时。根据“since it came out”可知，句子描述的是从过去某一时间点开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态，并且有可能继续持续下去，因此需要使用现在完成时态，has been popular表示“一直受欢迎”。故选A。 10．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）—How long has she ________ the science book? I want to borrow it from her. —For nearly three weeks. I think she might have finished reading it. A．buy B．had C．bought 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——她借了这本科学书多久了？我想向她借这本书。——将近三周了。我想她可能已经读完了。 考查现在完成时。根据“How long has...”可知，本句是现在完成时，谓语动词和一段时间连用，必须用延续性动词，buy是短暂性动词，不符合，需要变为对应的延续性动词have，过去分词为had。故选B。 11．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Lots of tourists from the southern part of China ________ Harbin twice. A．have been in B．have gone to C．have been to 【答案】C 【解析】句意：许多来自中国南方的游客去过哈尔滨两次。 考查时态。have been in待在某地；have gone to去了某地，还未回来；have been to去过某地，已经回来。根据“Harbin twice”可知是去过两次，已经回来，用have been to。故选C。 12．（2025·福建·中考真题）Since last year, our school ________ free breakfasts to students in need. A．offered B．has offered C．was offering 【答案】B 【解析】句意：从去年开始，我们学校就为贫困学生提供免费早餐了。 考查现在完成时。根据“Since last year”可知，此处应使用现在完成时。故选B。 13．（2025·云南·中考真题）The film Ne Zha 2 is worth seeing. I ________ it three times so far. A．have seen B．am going to see C．saw D．see 【答案】A 【解析】句意：电影《哪吒2》值得一看。到目前为止我已经看过三次了。 考查现在完成时。由“so far”可知，句子应用现在完成时。故选A。 14．（2024·江苏南京·中考真题）Most people agree that smart technology ________ a big part of society so far. A．become B．became C．has become D．is becoming 【答案】C 【解析】句意：大多数人都认为到目前为止，智能技术已经成为社会的重要组成部分。 考查时态。根据“so far”可知句子用现在完成时have/has done。故选C。 15．（2024·甘肃甘南·中考真题）—Where is your uncle? —He ________ America and he will stay in New York for two weeks. A．has been to B．has gone to C．has been in 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你的叔叔在哪里？——他去了美国，他将在纽约待两个星期。 考查has gone to与has been to的用法。has been to去过某地，已经回来了；has gone to到某地去了，还没有回来；has been in一直在某地。根据“Where is your uncle”可知，下文应回答他去美国了，用has gone to。故选B。 16．（2024·四川·中考真题）I ________ movies since I first went to the cinema. A．love B．loved C．am loving D．have loved 【答案】D 【解析】句意：自从我第一次去电影院以来，我就喜欢上了电影。 考查时态。根据“since I first went to the cinema.”可知主句用现在完成时“have/has done”。故选D。 17．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）—I’m afraid the tickets to the concert have been sold out. —Don’t worry. I ________ two tickets online already. A．have bought B．will buy C．may buy 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——恐怕音乐会的票已经卖完了。——别担心。我已经在网上买了两张票。 考查动词时态。根据“Don’t worry. I...two tickets online already”可知，因为已经买好了票，所以让对方不要担心，强调过去的动作对现在的影响，应用现在完成时。故选A。 18．（2024·江苏淮安·中考真题）—Mum, I ________ the living room already. —Good job! It is so tidy now. A．have cleaned B．will clean C．am cleaning D．clean 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——妈妈，我已经打扫了客厅。——干得好！现在很整洁。 考查时态。根据“already”以及“It is so tidy now.”可知此处表示过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时have/has done。故选A。 19．（2024·江苏镇江·中考真题）So far, some of the dialects (方言) ________ in use for thousands of years. They are full of local color. A．were B．are C．have been D．will be 【答案】C 【解析】句意：到目前为止，一些方言已经使用了数千年。它们充满了地方色彩。 考查动词时态。根据句中的时间状语“so far”可知，句子应用现在完成时，排除A、B和D选项。故选C。 20．（2024·北京·中考真题）With the help of my teacher, I ________ much progress in English since last year. A．am making B．will make C．was making D．have made 【答案】D 【解析】句意：在老师的帮助下，我自去年以来在英语方面取得了很大的进步。 考查现在完成时。根据时间状语“since last year”可知，此处应用现在完成时。故选D。 21．（2024·江苏常州·中考真题）I ______ Yancheng Park several times, so I know a lot about it. A．was visiting B．have visited C．visit D．will visit 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我已经参观过盐城公园好几次了，所以我对它了解很多。 考查现在完成时。根据句中的“several times”可知，表示过去的动作对现在的影响，应用现在完成时have/has done的结构。故选B。 22．（2024·河北·中考真题）Alex ________ tea culture since he came to China in 2010. A．studies B．studied C．has studied D．was studying 【答案】C 【解析】句意：Alex自从2010年来到中国开始研究茶文化。 考查现在完成时。根据“Alex ... tea culture since he came to China in 2010.”可知，强调时间的延续，是“现在完成时+since+一般过去时”结构，此处用现在完成时have/has done，故选C。 23．（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）Since I was born, my family ________ in the same flat. A．live B．will live C．are living D．have lived 【答案】D 【解析】句意：自从我出生以来，我的家人就住在同一套公寓里。 考查时态。根据“Since I was born”可知主句用现在完成时have/has done。故选D。 24．（2024·江苏连云港·中考真题）As a Chinese traditional martial art (武术), Taijiquan _________ to more than 150 countries all over the world so far. A．spreads B．is spreading C．will spread D．has spread 【答案】D 【解析】句意：太极拳作为中国传统武术，迄今已传播到世界150多个国家。 考查动词时态。根据“so far”可知，时态是现在完成时，结构是have/has done。故选D。 25．（2024·四川成都·中考真题）The astronauts of the Shenzhou-18 ________ in the Tiangong space station for about two months since they were sent into space in April this year. A．will work B．have worked C．is working 【答案】B 【解析】句意：神舟十八号航天员自今年4月发射升空以来，已在天宫空间站工作了约两个月。 考查动词时态。分析句子可知，此处是含since引导的时间状语从句的复合句，从句时态用一般过去时，主句时态应用现在完成时，结构是have/has done。故选B。 2、 完形填空 （2025·浙江·中考真题）Every morning, before Emma rushed out, her mother gently pulled Emma close, placed a soft kiss on her forehead (额头), and said softly, “Work hard.” Then, a second kiss landed on her cheek (脸颊) with the word “ 1 .” Finally, a third kiss touched her other cheek, “Have fun!” Emma 2 three special kisses. Mom’s three kisses helped Emma deal with 3 challenges she would meet in school. She 4 her math class. In the math class, she met a difficult math problem. 5 that moment, she remembered her mom’s first 6 . She took a deep breath and worked hard, eventually solving it. At lunch, she saw a 7 girl sitting alone. The second kiss reminded her to be kind, 8 she walked over, shared her cookies and chatted with the girl to help her get to know the new school soon. Later, during breaks, her friends called her to 9 a lively game. She wanted to refuse. 10 , she remembered the third kiss. She ran freely onto the field, laughing. She 11 as she played the game, and truly had fun. Leaving school that day, Emma felt a deep sense of satisfaction. Her backpack was full of finished work, her heart was warm from 12 others, and her spirit was lifted by laughter and play. Her 13 three simple phrases weren’t just words. They were a compass (指南针) guiding her towards a 14 filled with purpose, connection, and joy. She knew exactly 15 she would find waiting for her tomorrow morning: three kisses, ready to send her out into the world again. 1．A．hardworking B．polite C．kind D．clever 2．A．accepted B．took C．sent D．received 3．A．few B．main C．little D．much 4．A．headed for B．arrived at C．ended up D．put off 5．A．In B．On C．At D．Over 6．A．letter B．note C．story D．advice 7．A．happy B．new C．beautiful D．young 8．A．then B．but C．so D．since 9．A．join B．quit C．attend D．do 10．A．Suddenly B．Accidentally C．Finally D．Instead 11．A．cried B．fought C．ran D．cheered 12．A．helping B．talking C．teaching D．praising 13．A．friend’s B．mother’s C．sister’s D．grandma’s 14．A．day B．moment C．morning D．time 15．A．how B．when C．what D．where 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．A 11．D 12．A 13．B 14．A 15．C 【解析】本文讲述了Emma每天上学前都会收到妈妈的三个吻，每个吻都伴随着不同的鼓励话语。这些话语帮助Emma应对学校生活中的各种挑战：努力学习、友善待人、享受快乐。一天结束时，Emma感到充实而满足，明白妈妈的这三个吻是指引她生活的指南针。 1．句意：随后，又一个吻落在了她的脸颊上，并伴随着“善良”这两个字。 hardworking勤奋的；polite礼貌的；kind友善的；clever聪明的。根据“The second kiss reminded her to be kind”可知，第二个吻是提醒她要“友善”，故选C。 2．句意：Emma收到了三个特别的吻。 accepted接受；took拿走；sent发送；received收到。根据“three special kisses”可知，收到了这三个特别的吻，故选D。 3．句意：妈妈的三次亲吻帮助Emma克服了她在学校可能会遇到的主要难题。 few很少；main主要的；little很少，修饰不可数名词；much很多，修饰不可数名词。根据“challenges”可知，此空不能填little和much，而且此处表示肯定的含义，排除A，故选B。 4．句意：她去上数学课。 headed for前往；arrived at到达；ended up最终；put off推迟。根据“her math class”可知，前往上数学课的地方，故选A。 5．句意：就在那一刻，她想起了妈妈的第一个建议。 In在……里；On在……上；At在；Over超过。at that moment“在那一刻”，故选C。 6．句意：就在那一刻，她想起了妈妈的第一个建议。 letter信；note笔记；story故事；advice建议。根据前文可知，妈妈的三个吻其实是给了她三个不同的建议，所以此处她想起了妈妈的第一个建议，故选D。 7．句意：在午餐时间，她看到一个新来的女孩独自坐着。 happy开心的；new新的；beautiful美丽的；young年轻的。根据“help her get to know the new school soon”可知，这个女孩是新来的，故选B。 8．句意：第二次的吻让她意识到要善待他人，于是她走上前去，与那个女孩分享了自己的饼干，并与她交谈，以帮助她尽快熟悉新学校。 then然后；but但是；so所以；since自从，既然。“The second kiss reminded her to be kind”与“she walked over, shared her cookies and chatted with the girl to help her get to know the new school soon”是因果关系，遵循前因后果，故选C。 9．句意：后来，在休息时间，她的朋友们叫她一起参加一场热闹的游戏。 join参加；quit退出；attend出席；do做。根据“She ran freely onto the field, laughing.”可知，朋友邀请她加入这个游戏，故选A。 10．句意：突然，她想起了第三个吻。 Suddenly突然；Accidentally偶然地；Finally最终；Instead相反。根据“She wanted to refuse. ”可知，想拒绝的时候突然想起第三个吻，故选A。 11．句意：她一边玩着游戏一边欢呼雀跃，玩得真是非常开心。 cried哭泣；fought打架；ran跑；cheered欢呼。根据“laughing”及“had fun”可知，此处形容她愉快的心情，故选D。 12．句意：她的背包里装满了已完成的工作成果，她因帮助他人而内心充满温暖，她的精神也因欢笑和玩耍而振奋起来。 helping帮助；talking交谈；teaching教学；praising表扬。根据“shared her cookies and chatted with the girl to help her get to know the new school soon”可知，因帮助了别人而内心充满温暖，故选A。 13．句意：她母亲的那三个简单的词语不仅仅是言语。 friend’s朋友的；mother’s妈妈的；sister’s姐妹的；grandma’s奶奶的。根据第一段可知，是妈妈给她三个吻，分别代表了三种意思，故选B。 14．句意：它们就像指南针一般，引领着她走向充满目标、联系与欢乐的一天。 day天；moment时刻；morning早上；time时间。根据“filled with purpose, connection, and joy”可知，此处指充满目标、联系与欢乐的一天，故选A。 15.句意：她很清楚明天早上等待着她的会是什么情景：三道深情的吻，仿佛在告诉她：你可以再次勇敢地走向这个世界了。 how如何；when何时；what什么；where哪里。此空作动词find的宾语，应填what，故选C。 1 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $