Unit 5 重点语法精讲精练（讲义+练习）-2025-2026学年八年级英语上册单元重难点精讲精练全突破（人教版2024）

本初中英语Unit 5复习讲义围绕感叹句和名词两大核心语法点构建知识体系，通过分类梳理、表格归纳与口诀助记呈现脉络。感叹句按what/how引导类型分层讲解，结合判断口诀明确重难点，名词部分用表格对比规则与不规则复数变化，标注易错点及拓展用法，逻辑清晰。 讲义亮点在于“讲练结合”的分层设计，单项选择、词形转换等基础题型夯实语言能力，短文填空、完形填空提升语用思维。感叹句判断口诀、名词复数顺口溜等方法培养学习能力，易错警示帮助学生规避错误，教师可据此实施分层教学，支持学生自主复习与能力进阶。

Unit 5重点语法精讲精练（讲义） （一）感叹句 定义：感叹句用来表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情，通常用what或how引导。 1.what引导的感叹句（中心词为名词） ①What ＋ a/an ＋ adj.＋单数可数名词（＋主语＋谓语）！如： What a kind heart you have！ 你的心肠真好！ ②What ＋ adj. ＋不可数名词/可数名词复数（＋主语＋谓语）！如： What interesting stories he’s told us！ 他给我们讲的故事真有趣！ What great progress she has made！ 她取得了多么大的进步啊！ 2.how引导的感叹句（中心词为形容词或副词） ①How ＋ adj./adv.（＋主语＋谓语）！如： How clever the boy is！ 这男孩真聪明！ ②How ＋ adj. ＋ a/an ＋单数可数名词（＋主语＋谓语）！如： How clever a boy he is！ 他真是个聪明的男孩！ ③How＋主语＋谓语！如： 【拓展】如何判断用what还是how来引导感叹句： 1.凡是以a/an开头的，多用what； 2.凡是形容词直接加名词的，多用what；此处尤其要注意一些不可数名词与形容词连用的情况，如：weather，news，advice，fun，information，work，traffic等； 3.其他一般用how。 口诀助记：感叹句要记牢，句子主谓先划掉，再来确定what/how；再在形容词后找，若有名词用what，没有名词用how。 （2） 可数名词和不可数名词 （一）名词复数的不规则变化 规则 例词 ①一般情况下加-s desk→desks， face→faces ②以元音字母加-y或-o结尾，加-s boy→boys， toy→toys， radio→radios， zoo→zoos ③以辅音字母加-y结尾，变-y为-i，再加-es baby→babies， story→stories ④以-s，-x，-sh，-ch结尾加-es bus→buses， box→boxes， brush→brushes， watch→watches 特例：stomach→stomachs ⑤以字母-f/-fe结尾，变-f/-fe为-v，再加-es wolf→wolves， knife→knives [助记：妻子（wife）持刀（knife）去宰狼（wolf），小偷（thief）吓得发了慌，躲在架（shelf）后保己（self）命（life），半（half）片树叶（leaf）遮目光。] ⑥以辅音字母加-o结尾 有生命的加-es：tomato→tomatoes， hero→heroes； 无生命的加-s：photo→photos， piano→pianos 注意： 1. 注意以下名词的复数形式是在词尾加-s。 American→Americans 美国人 Australian→Australians 澳大利亚人 Canadian→Canadians 加拿大人German→Germans 德国人 Greek→Greeks 希腊人 Indian→Indians 印度人 Russian→Russians 俄罗斯人 2. 有些名词表面为复数形式，实为单数。 math数学，news新闻，physics物理，politics政治，the United Nations 联合国，the United States美国 【知识拓展】 1. 以o结尾的名词，需加-es的名词有：negro（黑人），hero（英雄），tomato（西红柿），potato（土豆）。可结合顺口溜来记忆这些单词，即＂黑人英雄 西红柿和土豆＂。 2. 以f或fe结尾的名词，须把f或fe变为v，再加-es的名词有：calf（小牛，牛犊），half（一半），knife（小刀），leaf（叶子），life（生活，生命），loaf（长面包），self（自己），shelf（架子），thief（小偷），wife（妻子），wolf（狼）。可结合顺口溜来记忆，即＂妻已架刀命牛郎（狼），半夜（叶）偷包要提防＂（单词顺序为wife，self，shelf，knife，life，calf，wolf，half，leaf，thief，loaf） 3. 以ch结尾的名词：ch发音为/k/的名词，其复数形式直接在词尾加-s，如：stomach→stomachs胃 （二）名词复数的不规则变化 1. 单复数同形 Chinese→Chinese sheep→sheep Japanese→Japanese 2. 改变元音字母 man→men woman→women foot→feet tooth→teeth policewoman→policewomen 3. 只有复数形式的名词 trousers scissors pants glasses shoes 4. 其他变化 mouse→mice child→children 【易错警示】 1. fish表示鱼的种类时，复数形式为fishes，而fish表示鱼的条数时，复数形式仍为fish。如： different fishes不同种类的鱼 five fish五条鱼 2. works意为＂工厂＂时，单复数形式一样，而work意为＂著作，作品＂时，复数形式是works。如： a chemical works 一座化工厂 three chemical works 三座化工厂 a work by Mo Yan 一部莫言的作品 three works by Mo Yan 三部莫言的作品 （三）不可数名词 一般情况下，专有名词、物质名称、抽象名词为不可数名词。不可数名词一般没有复数形式，但有些名词在不同的语境下有不同的含义，从而也表现出可数与不可数性。 1. 常见的不可数名词 不能用具体的数字来表示。 cotton棉花，food食物，hair头发，health健康，ice冰，wind风 2. 可转化为可数名词的物资名称 （1）有些物质名词在表达个体概念时，是可数名词。 rain雨→a rain一场雨，wind风→a wind一阵风，beer啤酒→a beer一杯啤酒，paper纸→a paper一份论文 （2）有些物质名词的复数形式表示特殊含义。 Water水→waters海域，wood木头→woods森林，custom习惯→customs海关 3. 可转化为可数名词的抽象名词 抽象名词表示具体的人或事物时，被视为可数名词，可与不定冠词连用，也可有复数形式，表示＂某种人或事＂。 disappointment失望→a disappointment令人失望的事，experience经验→an experience 一次经历， success成功→a success成功的人或事 4. 可转化为可数名词的专有名词 有的专有名词也可以用作可数名词，可以由不定冠词修饰，也可有复数形式。 ►A Mr Black is waiting for you. 一个叫布莱克的先生在等你。 【即学即练】 一、单项选择。 1．________ great our motherland is! I love China! A．What a B．What C．How a D．How 3．—Sun Yingsha won the women’s singles final at the World Table Tennis Championships in Doha on May 25, 2025. —______ exciting the news is! A．What an B．What C．How an D．How 7．________ kind boy Mike is! He always helps his classmates with math. A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 8．There are many famous ________ in the Chinese history. A．woman hero B．women heroes C．women hero D．woman heroes 9．—What animals did you see on the farm, Tom? —I saw some ________. A．rabbit B．ducks C．sheeps 10．Yueyang is one of the top 10 most beautiful ________ in China this year. A．city B．cities C．citys 二、用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．—What do you think of the new book we read yesterday? —The book is great because it (mix) funny things with deep thinking. 2．It’s difficult for me (learn) English. 3．It gets (warm) in spring. 4．Do you have any favourite food (memory)? 5．These beautiful hats are those men’s (wife). 6．I want to buy some (onion) and tomatoes this evening. 7．The (couple) son is a university student. 8．Wash those dirty in the kitchen. (pan) 9．There are some red on the table. (pepper) 10．I can feel the on my face when I walk in the sunny park. (hot) 11．The twins (be) born in Liaocheng. 12．He finishes the (little) homework of us three! 13．My (dream) is to become a doctor. 14．—Kim’s birthday cake is in the shape of a red star. —How it is!(love) 15．—Hi, guys! Our team won first place in the table tennis match. —What (excite) news it is! We are so happy about it. 16．Some (college) students are willing (come). 17．During the autumn party, we used many (pumpkin) to make decorations. 18．The teacher (separate) the students into four groups last week. 19．In the supermarket, you can find all kinds of (item) you need. 20．The (wife) of the workers often get together to chat. 21．Please give me three (slice) of bread. I’m really hungry. 22．When making the salad, add two (spoon) of honey. 23．The cook made a special (mix) of spices for the dish. 24．In the cooking show, the popular (host) made cookies for the kids. She was full of energy. 25．These photos bring back lots of sweet (memory) of my childhood. 26．We should enjoy the (sweet) of life and stay positive. 27．How many (event) are there in the sports meet? 28．Can you describe what we can do (help) each other? 29．If you (heat) the ice, it (turn) into water. 30．I look up to the scientists. They know many (secret) of the world. 三、完成句子。 1．Wang Junfeng is studying hard.（改为感叹句）    Wang Junfeng is studying! 2．It’s a very enjoyable way to explore new things with AI. (改为感叹句) enjoyable way it is to explore new things with AI! 3．How fantastic the experience I had in the old town of Lijiang! (改为同义句) fantastic experience I had in the old town of Lijiang! 4．这个游戏真有趣！ game it is! 5．最后，我成功了。我多么兴奋啊！ At last, I succeeded. I was! 6．He went boating in the park this afternoon.(对画线部分提问) he in the park this afternoon? 7．It took us at least two hours to complete the work. (对画线部分提问) did it take you to complete the work? 8．How heavy the rain is! (改为同义句) rain ! 9．This is a very enjoyable holiday. (改为感叹句) enjoyable holiday this is! 10．the, funny, monkey, is, how ! 11．恐龙是多么令人惊叹的物种啊！ the dinosaurs are! 12．如果你把水加热，它就会沸腾。 If you water, it will . 13．做香蕉奶昔需要以下的原料：三个香蕉、一杯酸奶和一些蜂蜜。 Making a banana needs the following : three bananas, one cup of yogurt and some honey. 14．为了有充沛的精力学习，我们每天需要保证至少八小时的睡眠。 To have enough energy to study, we need to ensure eight hours of sleep every day. 15．用完这些工具后，你最好把它们放回（原处）。 You’d better these tools after using them. 四、短文填空。 阅读短文，从方框中选出恰当的单词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意义完整。每空仅填一词，每词仅用一次。 between,  certain,  create,  as,  enjoy,  how,  our,  similar,  tour,  understand When you eat an ice-cream, do you ever think about its history? Many people may see it 36 a western dessert (甜品). However, the first ice-cream was 37 from China. Around 3,000 years ago, Chinese people started to keep winter ice. Because they wanted to 38 it in summer. In Tang Dynasty (朝代), Chinese learned 39 to make ice in summer and then put milk and cream into it. People called it “sushan”. In Song Dynasty, icy food got more popular. In Yuan Dynasty, a famous 40 Marco Polo visited China and had icy food here. Then he carried the idea all the way back to his hometown. People there added (添加) more ingredients (配料) to it and 41 new tastes. Sometimes, different cultures have 42 dishes. For example, do you think roujiamo in China and hamburgers from America look nearly the same? And you can find food that look like dumplings in many countries around the world. Food is a bridge (桥) 43 cultures. When food goes to new places, sweet things happen. We can try new food from other countries and share 44 with them, too. If we keep an open mind to different food, we will succeed in 45 other cultures better. 五、完形填空。 A I like eating chicken hamburgers. They're my favorite. If you like them, let me tell you how to   (1)   a chicken hamburger. First, make   (2)   you have all the ingredients (食材). You need two   (3)   of bread, some chicken and lettuce. You   4)   need one spoon of cream and some relish (佐料). Next, put the chicken on one piece of bread. Then put the lettuce on the chicken.   (5)   some relish and the cream to the lettuce. Put the other piece of bread on the top. Now the great   (6)   hamburger is OK. But you can't eat it. Put it into a paper   (7)  . After that, you can put the bag in the oven and turn on the oven. After about twenty seconds,   (8)   the oven and take out your chicken hamburger. You can   (9)   it now. But you shouldn't eat hamburgers   (10)  , because they're not good for health. 1.A. lend B. make C. buy D. taste 2.A. happy B. clear C. sure D. lucky 3.A. spoons B. cups C. pairs D. pieces 4.A. also B. just C. ever D. only 5.A. Invite B. Add C. Peel D. Expect 6.A. turkey B. chicken C. beef D. egg 7.A. bag B. box C. bowl D. plate 8.A. turn up B. turn down C. turn on D. turn off 9.A. sell B. cook C. enjoy D. borrow 10.A. loudly B. hardly C. never D. often B Follow the Recipe (食谱) David had to make the pie for tonight’s dinner. His parents were busy, so they 1 him the task. However, he didn’t make a pie before. His mother put all the foods for making the pie and cooking tools out on the table in the kitchen, along with a 2 . It said, “Follow the recipe!” How 3 could it be anyway? He read the instructions (说明) on the back of the can of pumpkin pie filling. It didn’t seem bad. He preheated the oven and then began with the pie. First, he got the pie filling, the milk and two eggs and put them into a bowl. Next, he stirred (搅拌) them 4 to make sure the filling stayed in the bowl. Then he poured the filling into the pie crust (外壳), but there was a little extra (额外). He 5 all the instructions, so he wasn’t sure why there was any extra at all. He put the pie into the oven. Then he waited 15 minutes, and turned the oven down. Now it was a waiting game, because he needed to wait 50~60 minutes, but he wouldn’t know if the pie was ready without 6 it. After 50 minutes, he opened the 7 , and stuck (插入) a toothpick into the filling. It came out a bit wet, so he let the pie cook five more minutes. This time, the toothpick came out clean. He took the pie out of the oven and set it on his mother’s pie cooling rack. He felt pretty good about himself. The pie smelled great and everything turned out 8 . Suddenly, he had an idea. He read the cookbook and looked for pumpkin recipes. He wanted to cook with the extra pumpkin pie filling. 1．A．lent B．taught C．left D．found 2．A．picture B．note C．newspaper D．poster 3．A．surprising B．boring C．hard D．exciting 4．A．carefully B．politely C．sadly D．kindly 5．A．changed B．explained C．remembered D．followed 6．A．eating B．testing C．smelling D．heating 7．A．cookbook B．oven C．handbag D．drawer 8．A．difficult B．strange C．traditional D．perfect 六、阅读理解。 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项. A Sushi (寿司) is delicious. We can use fruit to make a special kind of sushi. Ingredients: ▲1/2 cups of sushi rice ▲2 cups of water ▲3 spoons of sugar ▲1/4 teaspoon of salt ▲1 cup of coconut (椰子) milk ▲Fruit (Any fruit is OK, such as apples, bananas and strawberries.) Steps: ▲Put the rice into a large bowl and pour some water into it. Use your hands to wash the rice until the water becomes milky white. ▲Put the rice, water, salt and sugar into a pot and cook the rice for 25—30 minutes. Pour some coconut milk into the pot after the rice absorbs (吸收)  the water. Take out the rice from the pot when it is cooked and let it cool down. Cut the fruit into long pieces. Put the rice on plastic wrap (塑料保鲜膜) . Make it into a rectangular shape (长方形) with a spoon. Put the pieces of fruit on the rice. After you add all the fruit, roll the sushi carefully into a cylinder (圆柱体) . Place the sushi roll onto a plate and let your family or friends have a try. 1．Which of the following is NOT a must to make the fruit sushi? A．Sugar. B．A banana. C．Salt. D．Coconut milk. 2．Which of the following is the RIGHT order? ①Add coconut milk.    ②Cook the rice.    ③Let the rice cool down. ④Put the rice onto plastic wrap.    ⑤Cut the fruit. A．①②③④⑤ B．⑤③①②④ C．②①③⑤④ D．②④③⑤① 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．You must cook the rice for half an hour. B．When you wash the rice, you need a spoon. C．You need 3 cups of water to make the fruit sushi. D．After the rice takes the water in, add coconut milk. 4．Which of the following is NOT needed when you make the fruit sushi according to the passage? A． B． C． D． 5．Where may the passage come from? A．A cookbook. B．A storybook. C．A science magazine. D．A newspaper. B In early September, a debate about pre-prepared food (预制菜) started in China. Luo Yonghao, a well-known businessman, posted on social media Weibo that he felt “uncomfortable” after dining at Xibei, a famous restaurant brand in China. He said almost all dishes there were pre-prepared but overpriced, and called on the government to make laws forcing restaurants to tell people clearly if they use such food. Xibei quickly fought back. Its founder Jia Guolong said none of Xibei’s dishes were pre-prepared and later opened its kitchens to the public to show that its dishes were fresh. This event pushed pre-prepared food into the spotlight and caused wide discussion. On the positive side, pre-prepared food saves time for both restaurants and customers. Restaurants can make more dishes in less time with pre-prepared ingredients (食材), which makes the waiting time for customers shorter. For busy people at home, pre-prepared food also makes cooking easier—they just need to reheat it before eating. Besides, pre-prepared food can cut food waste. Factories that make it usually control ingredient amounts strictly, so fewer ingredients are thrown away. However, pre-prepared food has its problems. Many people worry about its taste. Reheating may make the food less delicious, and some nutrients (营养) might be lost during processing. There are also worries about food safety. If the pre-prepared food is not stored or transported properly, it could go bad and harm people’s health. What’s more, some restaurants use pre-prepared food but don’t tell customers, which takes away people’s right to choose. Now, more and more people hope there will be clearer standards (标准) for pre-prepared food, so that everyone can make informed choices. 1．What did Luo Yonghao ask the government to do about pre-prepared food? A．Stop restaurants from using it. B．Make laws to let restaurants mark its use. C．Lower the price of pre-prepared dishes. D．Punish restaurants that use it. 2．Why did Xibei open its kitchen to the public? A．To show its dishes are fresh, not pre-prepared.B．To teach customers how to cook its dishes. C．To follow new government rules. D．To attract customers with clean kitchens. 3．What does the underlined phrase “fought back” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．放弃 B．反驳 C．沉默 D．抢救 4．What is the writer’s attitude towards pre-prepared food? A．It is perfect and should be widely used. B．It is terrible and people had better not eat it. C．It has both good and bad sides, needing better standards. D．It is only suitable for busy people at home. 5．Why do people worry about the pre-prepared food? A．It is always too expensive to afford. B．It may lose nutrients during reheating and processing. C．It makes the waiting time for customers longer. D．It uses many fresh ingredients and causes waste. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5重点语法精讲精练（讲义） （一）感叹句 定义：感叹句用来表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情，通常用what或how引导。 1.what引导的感叹句（中心词为名词） ①What ＋ a/an ＋ adj.＋单数可数名词（＋主语＋谓语）！如： What a kind heart you have！ 你的心肠真好！ ②What ＋ adj. ＋不可数名词/可数名词复数（＋主语＋谓语）！如： What interesting stories he’s told us！ 他给我们讲的故事真有趣！ What great progress she has made！ 她取得了多么大的进步啊！ 2.how引导的感叹句（中心词为形容词或副词） ①How ＋ adj./adv.（＋主语＋谓语）！如： How clever the boy is！ 这男孩真聪明！ ②How ＋ adj. ＋ a/an ＋单数可数名词（＋主语＋谓语）！如： How clever a boy he is！ 他真是个聪明的男孩！ ③How＋主语＋谓语！如： 【拓展】如何判断用what还是how来引导感叹句： 1.凡是以a/an开头的，多用what； 2.凡是形容词直接加名词的，多用what；此处尤其要注意一些不可数名词与形容词连用的情况，如：weather，news，advice，fun，information，work，traffic等； 3.其他一般用how。 口诀助记：感叹句要记牢，句子主谓先划掉，再来确定what/how；再在形容词后找，若有名词用what，没有名词用how。 （2） 可数名词和不可数名词 （一）名词复数的不规则变化 规则 例词 ①一般情况下加-s desk→desks， face→faces ②以元音字母加-y或-o结尾，加-s boy→boys， toy→toys， radio→radios， zoo→zoos ③以辅音字母加-y结尾，变-y为-i，再加-es baby→babies， story→stories ④以-s，-x，-sh，-ch结尾加-es bus→buses， box→boxes， brush→brushes， watch→watches 特例：stomach→stomachs ⑤以字母-f/-fe结尾，变-f/-fe为-v，再加-es wolf→wolves， knife→knives [助记：妻子（wife）持刀（knife）去宰狼（wolf），小偷（thief）吓得发了慌，躲在架（shelf）后保己（self）命（life），半（half）片树叶（leaf）遮目光。] ⑥以辅音字母加-o结尾 有生命的加-es：tomato→tomatoes， hero→heroes； 无生命的加-s：photo→photos， piano→pianos 注意： 1. 注意以下名词的复数形式是在词尾加-s。 American→Americans 美国人 Australian→Australians 澳大利亚人 Canadian→Canadians 加拿大人German→Germans 德国人 Greek→Greeks 希腊人 Indian→Indians 印度人 Russian→Russians 俄罗斯人 2. 有些名词表面为复数形式，实为单数。 math数学，news新闻，physics物理，politics政治，the United Nations 联合国，the United States美国 【知识拓展】 1. 以o结尾的名词，需加-es的名词有：negro（黑人），hero（英雄），tomato（西红柿），potato（土豆）。可结合顺口溜来记忆这些单词，即＂黑人英雄 西红柿和土豆＂。 2. 以f或fe结尾的名词，须把f或fe变为v，再加-es的名词有：calf（小牛，牛犊），half（一半），knife（小刀），leaf（叶子），life（生活，生命），loaf（长面包），self（自己），shelf（架子），thief（小偷），wife（妻子），wolf（狼）。可结合顺口溜来记忆，即＂妻已架刀命牛郎（狼），半夜（叶）偷包要提防＂（单词顺序为wife，self，shelf，knife，life，calf，wolf，half，leaf，thief，loaf） 3. 以ch结尾的名词：ch发音为/k/的名词，其复数形式直接在词尾加-s，如：stomach→stomachs胃 （二）名词复数的不规则变化 1. 单复数同形 Chinese→Chinese sheep→sheep Japanese→Japanese 2. 改变元音字母 man→men woman→women foot→feet tooth→teeth policewoman→policewomen 3. 只有复数形式的名词 trousers scissors pants glasses shoes 4. 其他变化 mouse→mice child→children 【易错警示】 1. fish表示鱼的种类时，复数形式为fishes，而fish表示鱼的条数时，复数形式仍为fish。如： different fishes不同种类的鱼 five fish五条鱼 2. works意为＂工厂＂时，单复数形式一样，而work意为＂著作，作品＂时，复数形式是works。如： a chemical works 一座化工厂 three chemical works 三座化工厂 a work by Mo Yan 一部莫言的作品 three works by Mo Yan 三部莫言的作品 （三）不可数名词 一般情况下，专有名词、物质名称、抽象名词为不可数名词。不可数名词一般没有复数形式，但有些名词在不同的语境下有不同的含义，从而也表现出可数与不可数性。 1. 常见的不可数名词 不能用具体的数字来表示。 cotton棉花，food食物，hair头发，health健康，ice冰，wind风 2. 可转化为可数名词的物资名称 （1）有些物质名词在表达个体概念时，是可数名词。 rain雨→a rain一场雨，wind风→a wind一阵风，beer啤酒→a beer一杯啤酒，paper纸→a paper一份论文 （2）有些物质名词的复数形式表示特殊含义。 Water水→waters海域，wood木头→woods森林，custom习惯→customs海关 3. 可转化为可数名词的抽象名词 抽象名词表示具体的人或事物时，被视为可数名词，可与不定冠词连用，也可有复数形式，表示＂某种人或事＂。 disappointment失望→a disappointment令人失望的事，experience经验→an experience 一次经历， success成功→a success成功的人或事 4. 可转化为可数名词的专有名词 有的专有名词也可以用作可数名词，可以由不定冠词修饰，也可有复数形式。 ►A Mr Black is waiting for you. 一个叫布莱克的先生在等你。 【即学即练】 一、单项选择。 1．（2025·西藏·中考真题）________ great our motherland is! I love China! A．What a B．What C．How a D．How 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们的祖国多么伟大啊！我爱中国！考查感叹句。分析句子结构可知，该句是感叹句，中心词是形容词great，符合的感叹句结构为“How+形容词+主谓”。故选D。 3．（2025·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—Sun Yingsha won the women’s singles final at the World Table Tennis Championships in Doha on May 25, 2025. —______ exciting the news is! A．What an B．What C．How an D．How 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——孙颖莎在2025年5月25日多哈世界乒乓球锦标赛中赢得了女单决赛。——这消息多么令人激动啊！ 考查感叹句。分析句子可知，句中“exciting”是形容词，后面没有名词，符合“How+形容词+主语+谓语”的结构，因此用“How”引导，故选D。 7．（2025·云南·中考真题）________ kind boy Mike is! He always helps his classmates with math. A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 【答案】C 【详解】句意：迈克是个多么善良的男孩啊！他总是帮助他的同学学习数学。考查what引导的感叹句。由“…kind boy Mike is”可知，此处考查的是“What a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！”句型，kind以辅音音素开头，故冠词用a。故选C。 8．（2024·西藏·中考真题）There are many famous ________ in the Chinese history. A．woman hero B．women heroes C．women hero D．woman heroes 【答案】B 【详解】句意：中国历史上有许多著名的女英雄。考查名词复数。含有woman修饰名词时，变为复数时，需要将woman和所修饰词一起变为复数；hero的复数是heroes，因此women heroes符合句意，故选B。 9．（2023·湖南邵阳·中考真题）—What animals did you see on the farm, Tom? —I saw some ________. A．rabbit B．ducks C．sheeps 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你在农场看到了什么动物，汤姆？——我看见一些鸭子。考查名词的用法。rabbit兔子，名词单数；ducks鸭子，名词复数；sheeps表述错误。some修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，故选B。 10．（2023·湖南岳阳·中考真题）Yueyang is one of the top 10 most beautiful ________ in China this year. A．city B．cities C．citys 【答案】B 【详解】句意：岳阳是今年中国十大最美丽的城市之一。考查名词复数。one of+最高级+名词复数，表示“……中最……之一”，固定句型，可排除A选项；city的复数形式为cities。故选B。 二、用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．—What do you think of the new book we read yesterday? —The book is great because it (mix) funny things with deep thinking. 【答案】mixes 【详解】句意：——你觉得我们昨天读的那本新书怎么样？——这本书很棒，因为它把有趣的东西和深刻的思考结合在一起。根据“The book is great”可知，时态为一般现在时，主语it是第三人称单数，所以动词mix应用三单形式。故填mixes。 2．It’s difficult for me (learn) English. 【答案】to learn 【详解】句意：对我来说学英语很难。learn“学习”，It is+形容词+for sb to do sth“对某人来说，做某事是……的”，it是形式主语，to do sth是真正主语，故填to learn。 3．It gets (warm) in spring. 【答案】warm 【详解】句意：春天，天气变暖和了。get在这里是系动词，后接形容词作表语，warm“温暖的”符合。故填warm。 4．Do you have any favourite food (memory)? 【答案】memories 【详解】句意：你有任何关于食物的美好记忆吗？分析题干可知，空处应填名词memory的复数形式memories表示泛指。故填memories。 5．These beautiful hats are those men’s (wife). 【答案】wives’ 【详解】句意：这些漂亮的帽子是那些男人的妻子的。根据“These beautiful hats are those men...”可知此处指漂亮的帽子是那些男人的妻子的，使用wife“妻子”的复数的所有格wives’。故填wives’。 6．I want to buy some (onion) and tomatoes this evening. 【答案】onion/onions 【详解】句意：今天晚上我想买一些洋葱和西红柿。onion“洋葱”，既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词，空前有some，故填onion(s)。 7．The (couple) son is a university student. 【答案】couple’s 【详解】句意：这对夫妇的儿子是一名大学生。此处修饰名词son用名词所有格couple’s“夫妇的”。故填couple’s。 8．Wash those dirty in the kitchen. (pan) 【答案】pans 【详解】句意：把厨房里那些脏锅洗一洗。根据空前“those dirty”可知，此处是指那些脏锅，应用名词pan的复数形式pans。故填pans。 9．There are some red on the table. (pepper) 【答案】peppers 【详解】句意：桌子上有一些红色的辣椒。pepper作“辣椒”时可数，some后用复数形式。因此应填peppers。故填peppers。 10．I can feel the on my face when I walk in the sunny park. (hot) 【答案】heat 【详解】句意：当我在阳光明媚的公园散步时，我能感觉到脸上的温度。根据“on my face when I walk in the sunny park.”可知，这里需要填入一个名词表示“温度，热”。hot是形容词，此处应该填heat“温度”。故填heat。 11．The twins (be) born in Liaocheng. 【答案】were 【详解】句意：这对双胞胎出生在聊城。be born 表示出生，用一般过去时，the twins 是复数，be 动词用 were。故填were。 12．He finishes the (little) homework of us three! 【答案】least 【详解】句意：他是我们三个中完成作业最少的！空前有定冠词the，应用形容词最高级。little“少的”，least“最少的”。故填least。 13．My (dream) is to become a doctor. 【答案】dream 【详解】句意：我的梦想是成为一名医生。根据“is”可知，空处用名词单数作主语。故填dream。 14．—Kim’s birthday cake is in the shape of a red star. —How it is!(love) 【答案】lovely 【详解】句意：——金姆的生日蛋糕是红星的形状。——它多么可爱啊！这里是一个感叹句，结构为“How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语”，根据“Kim’s birthday cake is in the shape of a red star.”可知蛋糕形状是红星状，所以应该是感叹蛋糕可爱，“lovely”是形容词，意为“可爱的”，符合语境。故填lovely。 15．—Hi, guys! Our team won first place in the table tennis match. —What (excite) news it is! We are so happy about it. 【答案】exciting 【详解】句意：——嗨，伙伴们！我们队在乒乓球比赛中获得了第一名。——这是多么令人兴奋的消息啊！我们对此非常高兴。“What ... news it is!”是感叹句，结构为“What+形容词+不可数名词+主谓！”；excite意为“使兴奋”，是动词，其形容词形式exciting意为“令人兴奋的”，用于修饰表示物的名词news。故填exciting。 16．Some (college) students are willing (come). 【答案】 college to come 【详解】句意：一些大学生愿意来。college students表示“大学生”，第一个空填college；be willing to do sth.表示“愿意做某事”，第二个空填动词不定式。故填college；to come。 17．During the autumn party, we used many (pumpkin) to make decorations. 【答案】pumpkins 【详解】句意：在秋季派对上，我们用了许多南瓜来制作装饰品。pumpkin“南瓜”，many修饰可数名词复数形式，故填pumpkins。 18．The teacher (separate) the students into four groups last week. 【答案】separated 【详解】句意：上周老师把学生分成了四组。根据时间状语“last week”可知，句子用一般过去时，动词separate变为过去式separated，故填separated。 19．In the supermarket, you can find all kinds of (item) you need. 【答案】items 【详解】句意：在超市里，你可以找到你需要的各种商品。根据空格前“all kinds of”可知，此处应填入可数名词复数，item“商品”，可数名词，其复数形式为items。故填items。 20．The (wife) of the workers often get together to chat. 【答案】wives 【详解】句意：工人们的妻子们经常聚在一起聊天。根据“workers”和谓语动词“get”可知，此处应使用可数名词复数wives。故填wives。 21．Please give me three (slice) of bread. I’m really hungry. 【答案】slices 【详解】句意：请给我三片面包。我真的很饿。根据“three”可知，名词用复数形式，slice的复数是slices，故填slices。 22．When making the salad, add two (spoon) of honey. 【答案】spoons 【详解】句意：在做沙拉时，加两勺蜂蜜。two修饰可数名词复数形式，spoon的复数形式为spoons，故填spoons。 23．The cook made a special (mix) of spices for the dish. 【答案】mixture 【详解】句意：厨师为这道菜调配了一种特殊的香料混合物。根据“a special...of spices”可知，此处是指一种特殊的香料混合物，应用mix的名词形式mixture“混合物”，空前有不定冠词a，这里应用名词单数形式。故填mixture。 24．In the cooking show, the popular (host) made cookies for the kids. She was full of energy. 【答案】hostess 【详解】句意：在烹饪节目中，这位受欢迎的女主持人给孩子们做了饼干。她充满活力。根据“In the cooking show”和“She was full of energy.”可知，此处是指节目的女主持人，hostess“女主持人”，是一位女主持人，用单数形式。故填hostess。 25．These photos bring back lots of sweet (memory) of my childhood. 【答案】memories 【详解】句意：这些照片唤起了我童年许多美好的回忆。lots of后接可数名词复数或不可数名词。 memory意为“回忆”，是可数名词，空处应用其复数形式。故填memories。 26．We should enjoy the (sweet) of life and stay positive. 【答案】sweetness 【详解】句意：我们应该享受生活的甜蜜，保持积极乐观。根据“the...of life”可知，此处是指生活的甜蜜，应用sweet的名词形式sweetness“甜，愉悦”，是不可数名词。故填sweetness。 27．How many (event) are there in the sports meet? 【答案】events 【详解】句意：运动会上有多少个比赛项目？how many后面要接可数名词的复数形式，event“比赛项目”，可数名词，复数形式是events。故填events。 28．Can you describe what we can do (help) each other? 【答案】to help 【详解】句意：你能描述一下我们能做些什么来互相帮助吗？根据“what we can do ... each other”可知，空处表示目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填to help。 29．If you (heat) the ice, it (turn) into water. 【答案】 heat turns 【详解】句意：如果把冰加热，它就会化成水。此句是if引导的条件状语从句，表达的是客观真理，主从句都用一般现在时。heat“加热”，动词，主语是you，动词用原形；turn“变成”，动词，主语是it，动词用三单形式。故填heat；turns。 30．I look up to the scientists. They know many (secret) of the world. 【答案】secrets 【详解】句意：我尊敬科学家。他们知道世界上的许多秘密。secret“秘密”，可数名词，根据修饰词“many”可知，此处用复数。故填secrets。 三、完成句子。 1．Wang Junfeng is studying hard.（改为感叹句）    Wang Junfeng is studying! 【答案】 How hard 【详解】句意：王俊峰正在努力学习。感叹句中缺少了原句的“hard”，意为“努力地”，副词，感叹句用“How+副词+主语+谓语!”结构。故填How；hard。 2．It’s a very enjoyable way to explore new things with AI. (改为感叹句) enjoyable way it is to explore new things with AI! 【答案】 What an 【详解】句意：这是利用AI探索新事物的一种非常有趣的方式。此处改为感叹句，What a/an+形容词+单数名词+主语+谓语；enjoyable是元音音素开头的单词，因此用不定冠词an修饰，故填What；an。 3．How fantastic the experience I had in the old town of Lijiang! (改为同义句) fantastic experience I had in the old town of Lijiang! 【答案】 What a 【详解】句意：我在丽江古城的经历是多么奇妙啊！原句为how引导的感叹句，其结构为“How+形容词+主语+谓语”，同义表达结构为“What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语”，本题中“experience”是可数名词单数，“fantastic”以辅音音素开头，故用“a”。故填What；a。 4．这个游戏真有趣！ game it is! 【答案】 What an interesting 【详解】对照中英文，横线部分缺少的内容为“真有趣”。分析句子结构可知，该句为感叹句，结构为：what+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语。interesting意为“有趣的”，形容词，以元音音素开头，故前面使用不定冠词an修饰。故填What ；an；interesting。 5．最后，我成功了。我多么兴奋啊！ At last, I succeeded. I was! 【答案】 How excited 【详解】对照中英文，此处缺少“多么兴奋”。分析句子结构可知，该句为感叹句，结构为：how+形容词+主谓。excited“兴奋的”，用来修饰人，形容词作表语。故填How；excited。 6．He went boating in the park this afternoon.(对画线部分提问) he in the park this afternoon? 【答案】 What did do 【详解】句意：今天下午他去公园划船了。根据划线内容可知，此处是提问做了什么，应用疑问词what，句首首字母要大写；时态为一般过去时，所以助动词用did；句中实义动词do用原形。故填What；did；do。 7．It took us at least two hours to complete the work. (对画线部分提问) did it take you to complete the work? 【答案】 How long 【详解】句意：我们至少花了两个小时才完成这项工作。画线部分“at least two hours”是时间段，用how long提问，句子开头首字母大写。故填How long。 8．How heavy the rain is! (改为同义句) rain ! 【答案】 What heavy it is 【详解】句意：雨下得真大啊！根据“How heavy the rain is!”可知，此处是“How”引导的感叹句。感叹句常用的两种结构为“How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语”和“What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语”。因此改为同义句，要把How引导的感叹句改为What引导的感叹句“What heavy rain it is!”。故填What；heavy；it；is。 9．This is a very enjoyable holiday. (改为感叹句) enjoyable holiday this is! 【答案】 What an 【详解】句意：这是一个非常令人愉快的假期。enjoyable holiday是名词短语，用What型感叹句；可数名词holiday前的形容词enjoyable是元音音素开头的单词，不定冠词用an。故填What；an。 10．the, funny, monkey, is, how ! 【答案】How funny the monkey is 【详解】分析所给单词可知，这是一个how引导的感叹句，how修饰形容词funny，此处结构为“how+形容词+主谓”，the monkey作主语；is作谓语。故填How funny the monkey is“这猴子多有趣呀”。 11．恐龙是多么令人惊叹的物种啊！ the dinosaurs are! 【答案】 How amazing 【详解】根据中文意思可知，本题考查形容词amazing“令人惊叹的”。分析可知句子为感叹句，感叹句的结构为“How+adj./adv.+主谓”或“What+(a/an)+adj.+n/n复数+主谓”，故填How；amazing。 12．如果你把水加热，它就会沸腾。 If you water, it will . 【答案】 heat boil 【详解】heat“加热”，时态是一般现在时，主语是you，动词用原形；boil“沸腾”，will后用动词原形。故填heat；boil。 13．做香蕉奶昔需要以下的原料：三个香蕉、一杯酸奶和一些蜂蜜。 Making a banana needs the following : three bananas, one cup of yogurt and some honey. 【答案】 milk shake ingredients 【详解】根据所给汉语提示可知，“奶昔”milk shake，为名词短语；“原料”ingredient，为可数名词，此处需用复数形式。故填milk；shake；ingredients。 14．为了有充沛的精力学习，我们每天需要保证至少八小时的睡眠。 To have enough energy to study, we need to ensure eight hours of sleep every day. 【答案】 at least 【详解】根据汉语提示可知，at least意为“至少”，副词短语。故填at；least。 15．用完这些工具后，你最好把它们放回（原处）。 You’d better these tools after using them. 【答案】 put back 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处表达的意思是“把……放回（原处）”。“put...back”是固定短语，意为“把……放回原处”。“had better do sth.”（最好做某事）是固定用法，所以此处用动词原形“put”。故填put；back。 四、短文填空。 阅读短文，从方框中选出恰当的单词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意义完整。每空仅填一词，每词仅用一次。 between,  certain,  create,  as,  enjoy,  how,  our,  similar,  tour,  understand When you eat an ice-cream, do you ever think about its history? Many people may see it 36 a western dessert (甜品). However, the first ice-cream was 37 from China. Around 3,000 years ago, Chinese people started to keep winter ice. Because they wanted to 38 it in summer. In Tang Dynasty (朝代), Chinese learned 39 to make ice in summer and then put milk and cream into it. People called it “sushan”. In Song Dynasty, icy food got more popular. In Yuan Dynasty, a famous 40 Marco Polo visited China and had icy food here. Then he carried the idea all the way back to his hometown. People there added (添加) more ingredients (配料) to it and 41 new tastes. Sometimes, different cultures have 42 dishes. For example, do you think roujiamo in China and hamburgers from America look nearly the same? And you can find food that look like dumplings in many countries around the world. Food is a bridge (桥) 43 cultures. When food goes to new places, sweet things happen. We can try new food from other countries and share 44 with them, too. If we keep an open mind to different food, we will succeed in 45 other cultures better. 【答案】 36．as 37．certainly 38．enjoy 39．how 40．tourist 41．created 42．similar 43．between 44．ours 45．understanding 【解析】本文介绍了冰淇淋等食物的起源与传播，体现食物连接文化的作用。 36．句意：许多人可能会认为它是西方的甜点。根据“Many people may see it...a western dessert (甜品).”可知，许多人可能会认为它是西方的甜点，see...as...意为“把……看作、把……视为”。故填as。 37．句意：然而，最早的冰淇淋无疑源自中国。前文说人们常认为冰淇淋是西方甜点，此处转折说明实际起源，用certain的副词certainly加强语气，在这里修饰动词“was from”。故填certainly。 38．句意：因为他们想在夏天享用它。want to do sth意为“想要做某事”，这里表示中国人保存冬冰是想要在夏天享用它。故填enjoy。 39．句意：在唐朝时期，中国人学会了在夏天制冰，并将牛奶和奶油放入其中。此处表达中国人学会了如何在夏天制冰，“how to do sth”是“疑问词+不定式”结构，在这里作learn的宾语，意为“如何做某事”。故填how。 40．句意：在元朝时期，著名的游客马可·波罗访问了中国，并品尝了这里的冰食。这里指著名的旅行家马可·波罗，用备选词tour的名词tourist，意为“旅行者、游客”。故填tourist。 41．句意：那里的人们又添加了更多的食材，从而创造出了新的口味。根据“People there added (添加) more ingredients (配料) to it and...new tastes.”可知，这里表示人们给冰食添加配料，创造出新口味，created“创造”，文章整体是过去时态。故填created。 42．句意：有时，不同的文化会有相似的菜肴。根据“different cultures have...dishes”可知，不同文化有相似的菜肴，similar意为“相似的”，在这里修饰名词“dishes”。故填similar。 43．句意：食物是不同文化之间的一座桥梁。根据“Food is a bridge (桥)...cultures.”可知，食物是不同文化之间的桥梁，between是介词，意为“在（两者）之间”，“a bridge between cultures”表示“文化之间的桥梁”。故填between。 44．句意：我们可以尝试其他国家的新美食，并与他们分享我们自己的美食。根据“We can try new food from other countries and share...with them, too.”可知，我们可以分享我们的食物，用名词性物主代词ours代替“our food”。故填ours。 45．句意：如果我们对不同的食物持开放的态度，我们就能更好地理解其他文化。根据“If we keep an open mind to different food, we will succeed in...other cultures better.”可知，如果对不同食物持开放心态，就能更好地理解其他文化，understand“理解”，succeed in doing sth意为“成功做某事”。故填understanding。 五、完形填空。 A I like eating chicken hamburgers. They're my favorite. If you like them, let me tell you how to   (1)   a chicken hamburger. First, make   (2)   you have all the ingredients (食材). You need two   (3)   of bread, some chicken and lettuce. You   4)   need one spoon of cream and some relish (佐料). Next, put the chicken on one piece of bread. Then put the lettuce on the chicken.   (5)   some relish and the cream to the lettuce. Put the other piece of bread on the top. Now the great   (6)   hamburger is OK. But you can't eat it. Put it into a paper   (7)  . After that, you can put the bag in the oven and turn on the oven. After about twenty seconds,   (8)   the oven and take out your chicken hamburger. You can   (9)   it now. But you shouldn't eat hamburgers   (10)  , because they're not good for health. 1.A. lend B. make C. buy D. taste 2.A. happy B. clear C. sure D. lucky 3.A. spoons B. cups C. pairs D. pieces 4.A. also B. just C. ever D. only 5.A. Invite B. Add C. Peel D. Expect 6.A. turkey B. chicken C. beef D. egg 7.A. bag B. box C. bowl D. plate 8.A. turn up B. turn down C. turn on D. turn off 9.A. sell B. cook C. enjoy D. borrow 10.A. loudly B. hardly C. never D. often 【答案】B、C、D、A、B、B、A、D、C、D 【解析】【文章大意】本文主要介绍了制作鸡肉汉堡的步骤。 1. 根据下文中的“First”和“Next”可知，作者介绍了如何制作鸡肉汉堡。故选B。 2. 根据语境可知，首先确保准备好所有的食材。make sure (that) …意为“确保……”，是固定用法。故选C。 3. 根据“two… of bread”可知，此处指两片面包。故选D。 4. 根据“You need two… of bread, some chicken and lettuce. You… need one spoon of cream and some relish.”可知，此处指需要两片面包、一些鸡肉和生菜，也需要一勺奶油和一些佐料。故选A。 5. 根据“…some relish and the cream to the lettuce.”可知，把一些佐料和奶油加到生菜上。add… to…表示“把……加到……”，是固定搭配。故选B。 6. 根据“let me tell you how to…a chicken hamburger”可知，此处指鸡肉汉堡。故选B。 7. 根据“After that, you can put the bag in the oven”可知，此处是把它放入一个纸袋里。故选A。 8. 根据“…the oven and take out your chicken hamburger”可知，此处是关闭烤箱取出汉堡。故选D。 9. 根据“You can… it now.”可知，鸡肉汉堡做好了，你现在可以享受它。故选C。 10. 根据“because theyˈre not good for health”可知，汉堡对健康不好，不应该经常吃。故选D。 B Follow the Recipe (食谱) David had to make the pie for tonight’s dinner. His parents were busy, so they 1 him the task. However, he didn’t make a pie before. His mother put all the foods for making the pie and cooking tools out on the table in the kitchen, along with a 2 . It said, “Follow the recipe!” How 3 could it be anyway? He read the instructions (说明) on the back of the can of pumpkin pie filling. It didn’t seem bad. He preheated the oven and then began with the pie. First, he got the pie filling, the milk and two eggs and put them into a bowl. Next, he stirred (搅拌) them 4 to make sure the filling stayed in the bowl. Then he poured the filling into the pie crust (外壳), but there was a little extra (额外). He 5 all the instructions, so he wasn’t sure why there was any extra at all. He put the pie into the oven. Then he waited 15 minutes, and turned the oven down. Now it was a waiting game, because he needed to wait 50~60 minutes, but he wouldn’t know if the pie was ready without 6 it. After 50 minutes, he opened the 7 , and stuck (插入) a toothpick into the filling. It came out a bit wet, so he let the pie cook five more minutes. This time, the toothpick came out clean. He took the pie out of the oven and set it on his mother’s pie cooling rack. He felt pretty good about himself. The pie smelled great and everything turned out 8 . Suddenly, he had an idea. He read the cookbook and looked for pumpkin recipes. He wanted to cook with the extra pumpkin pie filling. 1．A．lent B．taught C．left D．found 2．A．picture B．note C．newspaper D．poster 3．A．surprising B．boring C．hard D．exciting 4．A．carefully B．politely C．sadly D．kindly 5．A．changed B．explained C．remembered D．followed 6．A．eating B．testing C．smelling D．heating 7．A．cookbook B．oven C．handbag D．drawer 8．A．difficult B．strange C．traditional D．perfect 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．B 8．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了大卫按照食谱做馅饼的故事。 1．句意：他的父母很忙，所以把任务留给了他。 lent借；taught教；left留下；found找到。根据“His parents were busy,”可知，此处是指父母把任务留给了大卫。故选C。 2．句意：他的母亲把所有做馅饼的食物和烹饪工具都放在厨房的桌子上，还有一张纸条。 picture图片；note便条；newspaper报纸；poster海报。根据下文“It said, ‘Follow the recipe!’”可知，此处是指一张便条。故选B。 3．句意：这能有多难呢？ surprising令人惊讶的；boring无聊的；hard难的；exciting令人兴奋的。根据上文“Follow the recipe!”可知，此处是指按照食谱做，所以感觉不难。故选C。 4．句意：接着，他小心地搅拌，确保馅料留在碗里。 carefully小心地；politely有礼貌地；sadly难过地；kindly亲切地。根据下文“make sure the filling stayed in the bowl”可知，此处是指小心地搅拌。故选A。 5．句意：他遵循了所有的说明，所以他不确定为什么会有额外的东西。 changed变化；explained解释；remembered记得；followed按照。根据“all the instructions”可知，此处是指按照说明做。故选D。 6．句意：现在，这是一场等待游戏，因为他需要等待50—60分钟，但如果不检测一下，他就不知道馅饼是否做好了。 eating吃；testing检测；smelling闻；heating加热。根据下文“stuck a toothpick into the filling. It came out a bit wet, so he let the pie cook five more minutes.”可知，大卫用牙签插进饮料的方法来检测馅饼是不是做好了。故选B。 7．句意：50分钟后，他打开烤箱，把一根牙签插进馅料里。 cookbook食谱；oven烤箱；handbag手提包；drawer抽屉。根据上文“He put the pie into the oven.”可知，此处是指打开烤箱。故选B。 8．句意：馅饼闻起来很香，一切都很完美。 difficult困难的；strange奇怪的；traditional传统的；perfect完美的。根据上文“He felt pretty good about himself. The pie smelled great”可知，大卫自我感觉良好，馅饼闻起来很香，一切都完美。故选D。 六、阅读理解。 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项. A Sushi (寿司) is delicious. We can use fruit to make a special kind of sushi. Ingredients: ▲1/2 cups of sushi rice ▲2 cups of water ▲3 spoons of sugar ▲1/4 teaspoon of salt ▲1 cup of coconut (椰子) milk ▲Fruit (Any fruit is OK, such as apples, bananas and strawberries.) Steps: ▲Put the rice into a large bowl and pour some water into it. Use your hands to wash the rice until the water becomes milky white. ▲Put the rice, water, salt and sugar into a pot and cook the rice for 25—30 minutes. Pour some coconut milk into the pot after the rice absorbs (吸收)  the water. Take out the rice from the pot when it is cooked and let it cool down. Cut the fruit into long pieces. Put the rice on plastic wrap (塑料保鲜膜) . Make it into a rectangular shape (长方形) with a spoon. Put the pieces of fruit on the rice. After you add all the fruit, roll the sushi carefully into a cylinder (圆柱体) . Place the sushi roll onto a plate and let your family or friends have a try. 1．Which of the following is NOT a must to make the fruit sushi? A．Sugar. B．A banana. C．Salt. D．Coconut milk. 2．Which of the following is the RIGHT order? ①Add coconut milk.    ②Cook the rice.    ③Let the rice cool down. ④Put the rice onto plastic wrap.    ⑤Cut the fruit. A．①②③④⑤ B．⑤③①②④ C．②①③⑤④ D．②④③⑤① 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．You must cook the rice for half an hour. B．When you wash the rice, you need a spoon. C．You need 3 cups of water to make the fruit sushi. D．After the rice takes the water in, add coconut milk. 4．Which of the following is NOT needed when you make the fruit sushi according to the passage? A． B． C． D． 5．Where may the passage come from? A．A cookbook. B．A storybook. C．A science magazine. D．A newspaper. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了制作水果寿司需要的材料以及制作步骤。 1．细节理解题。根据“Ingredients:▲1/2 cups of sushi rice▲2 cups of water▲3 spoons of sugar▲1/4 teaspoon of salt▲1 cup of coconut milk▲Fruit (Any fruit is OK, such as apples, bananas and strawberries.)”可知，任何一种水果都可以，所以香蕉不是必需品。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Put the rice, water, salt and sugar into a pot and cook the rice for 25—30 minutes. Pour some coconut milk into the pot after the rice the water. Take out the rice from the pot when it is cooked and let it cool down. Cut the fruit into long pieces.Put the rice on plastic wrap. Make it into a rectangular shape with a spoon.”可知，第一步是煮米饭, 第二步是加椰奶, 第三步是让米饭冷却, 第四步是切水果, 第五步是把米饭放在塑料保鲜膜上。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Pour some coconut milk into the pot after the rice吸收 the water.”可知，在米饭吸收水分后, 将一些椰奶倒入锅中。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“Put the rice into a large bowl”、“Put the rice on plastic wrap”及“a spoon”可知，文中需要碗、保鲜膜和勺子，不需要烤箱。故选D。 5．推理判断题。通读全文，本文介绍了做水果寿司所需要的材料和步骤, 所以本文可能来自一本烹饪书。故选A。 B In early September, a debate about pre-prepared food (预制菜) started in China. Luo Yonghao, a well-known businessman, posted on social media Weibo that he felt “uncomfortable” after dining at Xibei, a famous restaurant brand in China. He said almost all dishes there were pre-prepared but overpriced, and called on the government to make laws forcing restaurants to tell people clearly if they use such food. Xibei quickly fought back. Its founder Jia Guolong said none of Xibei’s dishes were pre-prepared and later opened its kitchens to the public to show that its dishes were fresh. This event pushed pre-prepared food into the spotlight and caused wide discussion. On the positive side, pre-prepared food saves time for both restaurants and customers. Restaurants can make more dishes in less time with pre-prepared ingredients (食材), which makes the waiting time for customers shorter. For busy people at home, pre-prepared food also makes cooking easier—they just need to reheat it before eating. Besides, pre-prepared food can cut food waste. Factories that make it usually control ingredient amounts strictly, so fewer ingredients are thrown away. However, pre-prepared food has its problems. Many people worry about its taste. Reheating may make the food less delicious, and some nutrients (营养) might be lost during processing. There are also worries about food safety. If the pre-prepared food is not stored or transported properly, it could go bad and harm people’s health. What’s more, some restaurants use pre-prepared food but don’t tell customers, which takes away people’s right to choose. Now, more and more people hope there will be clearer standards (标准) for pre-prepared food, so that everyone can make informed choices. 1．What did Luo Yonghao ask the government to do about pre-prepared food? A．Stop restaurants from using it. B．Make laws to let restaurants mark its use. C．Lower the price of pre-prepared dishes. D．Punish restaurants that use it. 2．Why did Xibei open its kitchen to the public? A．To show its dishes are fresh, not pre-prepared.B．To teach customers how to cook its dishes. C．To follow new government rules. D．To attract customers with clean kitchens. 3．What does the underlined phrase “fought back” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．放弃 B．反驳 C．沉默 D．抢救 4．What is the writer’s attitude towards pre-prepared food? A．It is perfect and should be widely used. B．It is terrible and people had better not eat it. C．It has both good and bad sides, needing better standards. D．It is only suitable for busy people at home. 5．Why do people worry about the pre-prepared food? A．It is always too expensive to afford. B．It may lose nutrients during reheating and processing. C．It makes the waiting time for customers longer. D．It uses many fresh ingredients and causes waste. 【答案】1—5 BABCB 【解析】本文主要讲述了罗永浩对西贝预制菜的指责，并由此引发对于预制菜的讨论和思考。 1．细节理解题。根据“He said almost all dishes there were pre-prepared but overpriced, and called on the government to make laws forcing restaurants to tell people clearly if they use such food.”可知，他表示西贝几乎所有菜品都是预制菜但价格过高，并呼吁政府立法，强制餐厅明确告知顾客是否使用预制菜。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Its founder Jia Guolong said none of Xibei’s dishes were pre-prepared and later opened its kitchens to the public to show that its dishes were fresh.”可知，西贝创始人贾国龙称西贝没有任何预制菜，随后向公众开放厨房，以证明其菜品新鲜。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Its founder Jia Guolong said none of Xibei’s dishes were pre-prepared and later opened its kitchens to the public to show that its dishes were fresh.”可知，在罗永浩的言论下，西贝创始人贾国龙称西贝没有任何预制菜，随后向公众开放厨房，以证明其菜品新鲜。以此举来反驳罗永浩预制菜的言论。所以此处fought back表示反驳。故选B。 4．观点态度题。根据“For busy people at home, pre-prepared food also makes cooking easier—they just need to reheat it before eating. Besides, pre-prepared food can cut food waste. Factories that make it usually control ingredient amounts strictly, so fewer ingredients are thrown away.”可知，作者认为预制菜很方便也能减少浪费，“However, pre-prepared food has its problems.”可知，作者认为预制菜也有缺点，以及“Now, more and more people hope there will be clearer standards for pre-prepared food。”可知越来越多人希望有更清晰的标准。所以作者认为预制菜有好有坏，需要有更清晰的标准。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据“Reheating may make the food less delicious, and some nutrients might be lost during processing.”可知，加热可能导致食物口感变差，且部分营养在加工过程中可能流失。故选B。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $