Unit 6 重点词汇、词性转换、词义辨析及重难点句型（知识梳理）-2025-2026学年八年级英语上册单元重难点精讲精练全突破（人教版2024）

Unit 6 Plan for Yourself 重点词汇、词性转换、词义辨析、重难点句型（讲义） 一、单词梳理 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 5 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【名词】 1. engineer /ˌendʒɪˈnɪə(r)/ n. 工程师；技师 2. fashion /ˈfæʃn/ n. 时装业；时尚 3. designer /dɪˈzaɪnə(r)/ n. 设计师 4. director /dəˈrektə(r), daɪˈrektə(r)/ n. 导演；主任；董事 5. musician /mjuˈzɪʃn/ n. 音乐家；作曲家 6. fireman /ˈfaɪəmən/ n. (pl. firemen /ˈfaɪəmən/) 消防队员 7. AI /ˌeɪ ˈaɪ/ (= artificial /ˌɑːtɪˈfɪʃl/ intelligence /ɪnˈtelɪdʒəns/) 人工智能 8. essay /ˈeseɪ/ n. 小品文；文章 9. classic /ˈklæsɪk/ n. 经典作品；名著 adj. 最优秀的；古典的 10. literature /ˈlɪtrətʃə(r)/ n. 文学 11. athlete /ˈæθliːt/ n. 运动员 12. photographer /fəˈtɒɡrəfə(r)/ n. 摄影师；摄影者 13. painter /ˈpeɪntə(r)/ n. 画家；油漆匠 14. businessman /ˈbɪznəsmæn/ n. 男商人；企业家 15. actress /ˈæktrəs/ n. 女演员 16. lawyer /ˈlɔːjə(r)/ n. 律师 17. law /lɔː/ n. 法律；法规 18. bath /bɑːθ/ n. 洗澡；浴缸 19. resolution /ˌrezəˈluːʃn/ n. 决定；决议 20. mini-goal /ˈmɪnɪ ɡəʊl/ n. 小目标 21. health /helθ/ n. 健康 22. photography /fəˈtɒɡrəfi/ n. 照相术；摄影 23. self-improvement /ˌself ɪmˈpruːvmənt/ n. 自我改进；自我提高 24. paragraph /ˈpærəɡrɑːf/ n. 段；段落 25. meaning /ˈmiːnɪŋ/ n. 意义；含义 26. bridge /brɪdʒ/ n. 桥 27. confidence /ˈkɒnfɪdəns/ n. 信心；信任 28. relationship /rɪˈleɪʃnʃɪp/ n. 关系；联系 29. push-up /ˈpʊʃ ʌp/ n. 俯卧撑 【动词】 1. miss /mɪs/ v. 想念；错过 2. achieve /əˈtʃiːv/ v.（凭长期努力）达到；完成 3. introduce /ˌɪntrəˈdjuːs/ v. 介绍；引见；引进 4. fail /feɪl/ v. 未能（做到）；失败 【代词】 1. yourself /jɔːˈself/ pron. (pl. yourselves /jɔːˈselvz/) 你自己；您自己 【副词】 1. healthily /ˈhelθɪli/ adv. 健康地 2. wisely /ˈwaɪzli/ adv. 聪明地 3. ahead /əˈhed/ adv. 提前；在前面 【形容词】 1. able /ˈeɪbl/ adj. 能够；有才能的 2. physical /ˈfɪzɪkl/ adj. 身体的；物理的 3. confident /ˈkɒnfɪdənt/ adj. 自信的；肯定的 4. organized /ˈɔːɡənaɪzd/ (= organised) adj. 有条理的；有组织的 5. possible /ˈpɒsəbl/ adj. 可能的；合理的 6. energetic /ˌenəˈdʒetɪk/ adj.精力充沛的；充满活力 【兼类词】 1. stick /stɪk/ v. (stuck /stʌk/) 粘贴；将……刺入 n. 枝条；棍 2. design /dɪˈzaɪn/ v. 设计；计划 n. 设计；花纹 3. final /ˈfaɪnl/ adj. 最后的；最终的 n. 决赛 4. form /fɔːm/ v.（使）形成；组成 n. 类型；形式 【即学即练】 1、 单项选择。 1．His ________ grew after winning the basketball game. A．resolution B．health C．confidence D．photography 【答案】C 【解析】句意：赢得篮球比赛后，他的信心增强了。 考查名词辨析。resolution决心；health健康；confidence信心；photography摄影。根据“after winning the basketball game”可知，赢得比赛会增强信心。故选C。 2．—Dear friends, do you still remember why you came here three years ago? —To ________ our dreams! A．copy B．refuse C．imagine D．achieve 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——亲爱的朋友们，你们还记得三年前为什么来到这里吗？——为了实现我们的梦想！ 考查动词辨析。copy复制，抄袭；refuse拒绝；imagine想象；achieve实现，达成。根据宾语“our dreams”可知，此处表示“实现梦想”。故选D。 3．I have quite a good ________ with my grandparents. I visit them once a week. A．goal B．energy C．relationship D．friendship 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我和我的祖父母关系很好。我每周去看望他们一次。 考查名词辨析。goal目标；energy能量；relationship关系；friendship友谊。根据“I visit them once a week.”可知，此处表述的是和祖父母的关系，relationship符合语境。故选C。 4．Although Sun Jiadong was already in his seventies, he was still very ________ and became the chief designer of China’s lunar exploration programme. A．energetic B．caring C．humorous D．thoughtful 【答案】A 【解析】句意：尽管孙家栋已经七十多岁了，但他仍然精力充沛，并且成为了中国月球探测计划的总设计师。 考查形容词词义辨析。energetic精力充沛的；caring关心他人的、体贴的；humorous幽默的；thoughtful深思熟虑的、体贴的。孙家栋在七十多岁的高龄仍能成为中国月球探测计划的总设计师，说明他仍然精力充沛，所以应该用energetic。故选A。 5．―Excuse me, don’t you know about the new traffic ________ ? Everyone in a car must wear the seat belt (安全带). ―Sorry, we won’t do that again. A．rule B．law C．instruction D．education 【答案】B 【解析】句意：――对不起，你不知道新的交通法吗？车里的每个人都必须系上安全带。——对不起，我们不会再那样做了。 考查名词辨析。rule规则；law法律，法规；instruction指示；education教育。根据后文“Everyone in a car must wear the seat belt (安全带).”可知，“车里的每个人都必须系上安全带”应该是一条交通法规。故选B。 6．—At the 2025 National Games, ________ showed excellent skills. —Their wonderful performances brought pleasure to the fans. A．directors B．athletes C．firemen D．doctors 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——在2025年全运会上，运动员们展现出了出色的技能。 ——他们的精彩表现给粉丝带来了快乐。 考查名词辨析。directors导演；athletes运动员；firemen消防员；doctors医生。根据“At the 2025 National Games”可知，这是体育赛事，空处需填入与体育技能直接相关的职业，因此athletes符合语境。故选B。 7．All of China’s four great ________ novels are worth reading, and they are both meaningful and interesting. A．cultural B．foreign C．classic D．popular 【答案】C 【解析】句意：中国的四大名著都值得一读，它们既有意义又有趣。 考查形容词辨析。cultural文化的；foreign外国的；classic经典的；popular流行的。根据“China’s four great...novels”可知，此处指中国的四大名著，即四部经典小说。故选C。 8．—Some people are never ________ making a basket in one online shop then to another. —Perhaps they want to see if they can get the same or similar things cheaper. A．tired of B．afraid of C．worried about D．proud of 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——有一些人从不厌倦在一家网店里把货物放进购物车后再转去另一家网店。——也许他们想看看是否能更便宜地买到同样或相似的东西。 考查形容词短语。be tired of厌倦；be afraid of害怕；be worried about担心；be proud of对……感到自豪。根据后文“Perhaps they want to see if they can get the same or similar things cheaper.”，结合选项可知，此处应该表达有些人永远不会厌倦在一家网店把货物放进购物车，然后再去另一家。故选A。 9．—Huangshan looks amazing in all seasons, especially in autumn when the maple (枫树) leaves turn red. —That’s why love coming here. A．writers B．teachers C．lawyers D．photographers 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——黄山一年四季都很美，尤其是秋天枫叶变红的时候。——这就是为什么摄影师喜欢来这里。 考查名词辨析。writers作者；teachers老师；lawyers律师；photographers摄影师。根据“Huangshan looks amazing in all seasons, especially in autumn when the maple (枫树) leaves turn red.”以及“love coming here”可知，此处是在解释黄山美丽的风景吸引了摄影师。故选D。 10． You work ________hard ________you're sure to pass the exam.（　　） A．so；that B．as；as C．enough；to D．too；to 【答案】A 【解析】你工作如此努力以至于你一定能通过考试。so+形容词/副词+that+从句"如此……以至于……"；as+形容词原级/副词原级+as"与……一样……"；形容词+enoughto do sth"足够……能够做某事"；too+形容词+to do sth太……而不能……；根据第一个空是副词，第二个空后面接了从句，可知使用so...that...结构。故选：A。 2、 根据所给的汉语或首字母提示填空 1.My sister wants to be a d           (设计师) because she loves creating beautiful clothes. 【答案】designer 【解析】句意：我姐姐想成为一名设计师，因为她喜欢创作漂亮的衣服。设计师，designer，名词，前有a修饰，故填designer。 2.Doing p            (身体的) exercise is a good way to keep healthy. 【答案】physical 【解析】句意：做身体锻炼是保持健康的一个好方式。身体的，physical，形容词。故填physical。 3.The old man is so tired that he doesn't feel e           (有精力的) enough to keep on walking. 【答案】energetic 【解析】句意：这个老人如此的疲惫以至于他感觉没有足够的精力去继续走。有精力的，energetic，形容词。故填energetic。 4.Parents send their children to good schools because they believe their children will f            (养成) good habits there. 【答案】form 【解析】句意：父母把他们的孩子送去好的学校，因为他们相信他们的孩子能够在那儿养成好的习惯。养成，form，动词。will + do 将做某事。故填form。 5.After practicing hard for many years, she finally a             (实现) her dream of being the champion. 【答案】achieved 【解析】句意：在很多年努力训练之后，她最终实现了成为冠军的梦想。实现，achieve，动词。根据句意可知，此句为一般过去时，故填achieved。 6．Dan is old enough and he is (能够) to care for himself. 【答案】able 【解析】句意：Dan已经足够大了，他能够照顾自己。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填able“能够的”，形容词作表语。故填able。 7．Their background gives them little chance of (达到) success at school. 【答案】achieving 【解析】句意：他们的背景使他们几乎没有机会在学校取得成功。achieve“达到”，动词，of是介词，后接动名词形式，故填achieving。 8．It’s not one of my favourite (形式) of music. 【答案】forms 【解析】句意：这不是我最喜欢的音乐形式之一。根据汉语提示可知此处应用名词“form”，前面有“one of”修饰，名词需变为复数形式“forms”。故填forms。 9．We are going (筹募) money for children in need at the community centre tonight. 【答案】to raise 【解析】句意：今晚我们将在社区中心为有需要的儿童筹集资金。be going to do sth. “将要做某事”，根据汉语提示可知，raise“筹集，筹募”，符合语境。故填to raise。 10．I want to (介绍) my wife at my birthday party. 【答案】introduce 【解析】句意：我想在我的生日派对上介绍我的妻子。“介绍”常见英文表达为“introduce”，“want to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“想要做某事”，to后接动词原形。故填introduce。 11．I know you’re a kind boy and I’m (有信心的) you will choose to help the old man. 【答案】confident 【解析】句意：我知道你是个善良的男孩，我有信心你会选择帮助那位老人。根据“I’m...you will”可知，横线处需填形容词，作表语，“有信心的”的英文单词是confident，形容词。故填confident。 12．When you’re ill, please see a doctor as soon as (可能的). 【答案】possible 【解析】句意：当你生病时，请尽快去看医生。possible“可能得”，as soon as possible“尽快”，固定短语。故填possible。 13．Where is that (律师) new house? I heard he bought a big cottage last month. 【答案】lawyer’s 【解析】句意：那位律师的新房子在哪里？我听说他上个月买了一座大别墅。“律师”的英文表达是“lawyer”，这里表示“律师的新房子”，需要用名词所有格形式来表示所属关系，即“lawyer’s”，“lawyer’s new house”意为“律师的新房子”。故填lawyer’s。 14．I am really tired. I want to (放松) for some minutes. 【答案】relax 【解析】句意：我真的很累。我想放松几分钟。根据中文提示，relax“放松”符合题意，want to do sth“想要做某事”，因此填动词原形。故填relax。 15．It’s not (可能) for me to finish this task in such a short time. 【答案】possible 【解析】句意：对我来说，在这么短的时间内完成这项任务是不可能的。根据汉语提示可知，此处为possible“可能的”，形容词，在句中作表语。故填possible。 16．Taking a warm (洗澡) can make you feel better when you have a cold. 【答案】bath 【解析】句意：感冒时洗个热水澡能让你感觉好一些。根据汉语提示可知，bath“洗澡”，可数名词，take a bath“洗个澡”固定短语。故填bath。 17．They asked me to (设计) a poster for the film. 【答案】(d)esign 【解析】句意：他们让我为这部电影设计一张海报。根据首字母提示“d”和汉语提示“设计”可知，动词design符合语境；ask sb. to do sth.是固定用法，意为“让某人做某事”，to后接动词原形。故填(d)esign。 18．My uncle is a successful (企业家) and he owns a big company. 【答案】businessman 【解析】句意：我叔叔是一位成功的企业家，他拥有一家大公司。根据汉语提示可知，businessman“企业家”，根据“My uncle is a ...”可知，这里须用单数形式。故填businessman。 19．After a long discussion, we made the (最后的) decision. 【答案】(f)inal 【解析】句意：经过长时间的讨论，我们做出了最后的决定。根据首字母提示和汉语“最后的”可知，此处需要形容词修饰名词decision，形容词final符合语境。故填final。 20．Mary is a (自信的) girl. She always believes herself. 【答案】(c)onfident 【解析】句意：玛丽是一个自信的女孩。她总是相信自己。根据首字母c提示和汉语提示可知，此处应填形容词confident“自信的”。故填(c)onfident。 21．She is a very good a in the women’s 100-metre hurdles in China. 【答案】(a)thlete 【解析】句意：她是中国女子100米栏中一名非常优秀的运动员。根据“in the women’s 100-metre hurdles”可知，此处指的是“运动员”，“athlete”意为“运动员”，是可数名词，由“a”可知，此处用单数形式。故填(a)thlete。 22．A good m not only plays well but also has a deep understanding of music. 【答案】(m)usician 【解析】句意：一位优秀的音乐家不仅演奏得好，而且对音乐有深刻的理解。根据首字母提示以及“not only plays well but also has a deep understanding of music”可知，空处表示“音乐家”，musician符合；“a”后接单数形式。故填(m)usician。 23．Jiaozi, a talented d , created many vivid characters in his latest films Ne Zha 2. 【答案】(d)irector 【解析】句意：饺子，一位有才华的导演，在他最新的电影《哪吒2》中创造了许多生动的角色。根据首字母提示以及“created many vivid characters in his latest films Ne Zha 2”可知，空处表示“导演”，名词director符合；前面有“a”修饰，用单数形式。故填(d)irector。 24．This kind of clothes is in f now. Many young people like to wear it. 【答案】(f)ashion 【解析】句意：这种衣服现在很流行。很多年轻人喜欢穿它。根据“Many young people like to wear it.”以及首字母提示可知，很多人都喜欢穿，说明很流行，fashion“时尚；流行”，in fashion是固定短语，意为“流行；时髦”。故填(f)ashion。 25．If you don’t know the m of a new word, you can guess it from the context (语境). 【答案】(m)eaning 【解析】句意：如果你不知道一个新单词的意思，你可以通过语境去猜测它。根据首字母提示和“you can guess it from the context”可知，此处表示“不知道新单词的意思”，meaning“意思、含义”符合语境；根据“a new word”可知，此处用单数形式即可。故填(m)eaning。 26．Sandy is (精力充沛的) enough to dance two hours every day. 【答案】energetic 【解析】句意：桑迪精力充沛，每天都能跳两个小时的舞。energetic“精力充沛的”，形容词作表语。故填energetic。 27．My father loves ancient Chinese l and often reads classic poems to me. 【答案】(l)iterature 【解析】句意：我父亲热爱中国古代文学，经常给我读经典诗歌。根据首字母提示和“often reads classic poems to me”可知，此处表示中国古代文学。literature“文学”符合语境，且为不可数名词。故填(l)iterature。 28．A good m not only plays well but also has a deep understanding of music. 【答案】(m)usician 【解析】句意：一位优秀的音乐家不仅演奏得好，而且对音乐有深刻的理解。根据首字母提示以及“not only plays well but also has a deep understanding of music”可知，空处表示“音乐家”，musician符合；“a”后接单数形式。故填(m)usician。 29．I spent the whole afternoon writing an e about my favorite book. 【答案】(e)ssay 【解析】句意：我花了整个下午写了一篇关于我最喜欢的书的短文。根据首字母提示和“writing an e... about my favorite book”可知，写了一篇关于我最喜欢的书的短文。名词essay“短文”，空前有an修饰，名词用单数形式，essay符合语境。故填(e)ssay。 30．Jiaozi, a talented d , created many vivid characters in his latest films Ne Zha 2. 【答案】(d)irector 【解析】句意：饺子，一位有才华的导演，在他最新的电影《哪吒2》中创造了许多生动的角色。根据首字母提示以及“created many vivid characters in his latest films Ne Zha 2”可知，空处表示“导演”，名词director符合；前面有“a”修饰，用单数形式。故填(d)irector。 31．This kind of clothes is in f now. Many young people like to wear it. 【答案】(f)ashion 【解析】句意：这种衣服现在很流行。很多年轻人喜欢穿它。根据“Many young people like to wear it.”以及首字母提示可知，很多人都喜欢穿，说明很流行，fashion“时尚；流行”，in fashion是固定短语，意为“流行；时髦”。故填(f)ashion。 32．Timmy likes music very much. His dream is to be a m . 【答案】(m)usician 【解析】句意：蒂米非常喜欢音乐。他的梦想是成为一名音乐家。根据“Timmy likes music very much.”及首字母提示可知，蒂米喜欢音乐，所以梦想是成为音乐家，musician“音乐家”，不定冠词a后加名词单数。故填(m)usician。 33．Mr. Green thinks running is good for his h . 【答案】(h)ealth 【解析】句意：格林先生认为跑步对他的健康有好处。根据“running is good for his”及常识可知，跑步对健康有好处，形容词性物主代词his后接名词，health“健康”，不可数名词，故填(h)ealth。 34．If you want to a your goals, you need to work hard and stay focused. 【答案】(a)chieve 【解析】句意：如果你想实现你的目标，你需要努力工作并保持专注。根据“your goals”可知，常用短语“achieve one’s goals”表示“实现目标”，want to do sth“想要做某事”。故填(a)chieve。 35．Our school o an activity called “Collect and Help” yesterday. 【答案】(o)rganized 【解析】句意：我们学校昨天组织了一次名为“收集和帮助”的活动。根据“yesterday”可知本句为一般过去时，空缺处填动词过去式；根据“Our school...an activity”并结合首字母o可知，应为动词organize，意为“组织”，过去式为organized。故填(o)rganized。 二、词形变换 1.yourself→ (pron.你们自己复数) 2.designer→  (v.设计) 3.director→ (v.指导)→  (adj.直接的) 4.musician→  (n.音乐)→  (adj.音乐的) 5.classic→ (adj.古典的)→  (adv.古典地) 6.literature→  (adj.文学的)→  (adv.文学上地) 7.photographer→  (n.照片)→  (v.拍照) 8.painter→  (v.绘画)→  (n.绘画) 9.businessman→  (n.商业) 10.actress→ (n.男演员)→  (v.行动) 11.law→  (n.律师)→  (adj.合法的) 12.resolution→  (v.决定) 13.achieve→  (n.成就) 14.physical→  (n.物理学)→  (adv.身体上) 15.health→ (adj.健康的)→ (adv.健康地)→ (adj.不健康的) 16.confident→ (n.自信)→  (adv.自信地) 17.organized→  (v.组织)→ (n.组织)→  (n.组织者) 18.wisely→ (adj.明智的)→  (n.智慧) 19.possible→  (n.可能性)→  (adv.可能地)→ (adj.不可能的)→  (n.不可能的事) 20.introduce→ (n.介绍) 21.meaning→ (v.意思是)→  (adj.有意义的)→ (adv.有意义地)→  (adj.无意义的) 22.fail→  (n.失败) 23.final→ (adv.最后) 24.relationship→  (v.涉及) → (adj.相关的)→  (n.关系) 25.energetic→  (n.能量)→  (adv.精力充沛地) 【答案】1.yourself→yourselves (pron.你们自己复数) 2.designer→design (v.设计) 3.director→direct (v.指导)→direct (adj.直接的) 4.musician→music (n.音乐)→musical (adj.音乐的) 5.classic→classical (adj.古典的)→classically (adv.古典地) 6.literature→literary (adj.文学的)→literarily (adv.文学上地) 7.photographer→photo (n.照片)→photograph (v.拍照) 8.painter→paint (v.绘画)→painting (n.绘画) 9.businessman→business (n.商业) 10.actress→actor (n.男演员)→ act  (v.行动) 11.law→lawyer  (n.律师)→legal  (adj.合法的) 12.resolution→resolve  (v.决定) 13.achieve→achievement (n.成就) 14.physical→physics (n.物理学)→physically (adv.身体上) 15.health→healthy (adj.健康的)→healthily (adv.健康地)→unhealthy (adj.不健康的) 16.confident→confidence(n.自信)→confidently (adv.自信地) 17.organized→organize (v.组织)→organization(n.组织)→organizer (n.组织者) 18.wisely→wise(adj.明智的)→wisdom (n.智慧) 19.possible→possibility (n.可能性)→possibly (adv.可能地)→impossible(adj.不可能的)→impossibility (n.不可能的事) 20.introduce→introduction(n.介绍) 21.meaning→mean(v.意思是)→meaningful (adj.有意义的)→meaningfully(adv.有意义地)→meaningless (adj.无意义的) 22.fail→failure (n.失败) 23.final→finally (adv.最后) 24.relationship→relate (v.涉及) →related(adj.相关的)→relation (n.关系) 25.energetic→energy (n.能量)→energetically (adv.精力充沛地) 一、用所给词的正确的形式填空。 1．We saw many famous by great at the art exhibition. (paint) 【答案】 paintings painters 【解析】句意：我们在艺术展览上看到了许多由伟大画家创作的著名绘画作品。第一空，此处指“绘画作品”，paint的名词形式是painting，表示“绘画作品”，many后接可数名词复数；第二空，by后接表示画家的名词，paint表职业的名词形式是painter，表示“画家”，此处用复数形式表示多位画家。故填paintings；painters。 2．It is not easy (achieve) our dreams. 【答案】to achieve 【解析】句意：实现我们的梦想并不容易。“It is+形容词+to do sth.”是固定句型，表示“做某事是……的”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。achieve“实现”，动词，因此这里应用其不定式形式to achieve。故填to achieve。 3．Mental health and fitness are both important to people. (physic) 【答案】physical 【解析】句意：心理健康和身体健康对人们都很重要。根据“and”连接并列成分，横线处和“health”一样修饰名词“fitness”，需填形容词，physic“医学；身体状况”，名词，其形容词形式为physical。physical fitness“身体健康”。故填physical。 4．Helen (introduce) herself to us and then she began her speech. 【答案】introduced 【解析】句意：海伦向我们做了自我介绍，然后开始了她的演讲。根据句中的动词began可知，时态是一般过去时，故动词introduce要用过去式。故填introduced。 5．He is an (energy) boy and he likes playing all kinds of sports. 【答案】energetic 【解析】句意：他是一个精力充沛的男孩，他喜欢做各种各样的运动。根据“an...boy”可知，横线处需填形容词修饰名词boy，energy“精力，能量”，名词，其形容词形式为energetic。故填energetic。 6．She decided to be a (law) to help those in need. 【答案】lawyer 【解析】句意：她决定成为一名律师来帮助那些需要帮助的人。law“法律”，此处须用表示职业的名词形式lawyer“律师”。a后接可数名词单数表示职业。故填lawyer。 7．She finally (realize) her dream of becoming a singer after years of hard work. 【答案】realized 【解析】句意：经过多年的努力，她最终实现了成为一名歌手的梦想。根据“after years of hard work”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，realize的过去式是realized。故填realized。 8． your classmates (go) on a trip to the mountains next Saturday? 【答案】 Are going 【解析】句意：下周六你的同学们要去爬山旅游吗？根据“next Saturday”和问号可知，此句是一个表将来的一般疑问句，实义动词“go”是位置移动类动词，可用现在进行时“is/am/are+doing”表将来，其一般疑问语序为“Is/Am/Are+主语+doing+其他？”；根据主语“your classmates”为名词复数可知，谓语复数Are和go的现在分词going符合语境。故填Are；going。 9．Peter is going to be engineer. He studies math really hard. 【答案】an 【解析】句意：彼得将要成为一名工程师。他非常努力地学习数学。空后单词是engineer，其发音为/ˌendʒɪˈnɪr/，元音音素开头，因此需用an。故填an。 10．My twin sister (practice) the piano next week. 【答案】is going to practice 【解析】句意：我的双胞胎妹妹下周将练习钢琴。practice“练习”，动词；根据“next week”可知，表达将来的情况，用一般将来时，可用“be going to do”结构；主语是“My twin sister”，be动词用is。故填is going to practice。 11．Some (actress) start their careers (生涯) when they are very young. 【答案】actresses 【解析】句意：一些女演员在很小的时候就开始了她们的职业生涯。空前Some修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词，actress“女演员”可数名词，actress的复数形式为actresses。故填actresses。 12．There are a lot of things to learn classics as they show us different views of life. 【答案】from 【解析】句意：在经典著作中有很多东西值得学习，因为它们向我们展示了不同的人生视角。“learn from”是固定搭配，意为“从……获得”。故填from。 13．This (photograph) took amazing pictures of the sunset at the beach. 【答案】photographer 【解析】句意：这位摄影师拍下了海滩日落的绝美照片。 photograph“照片”名词，根据“This ... took amazing pictures of the sunset at the beach.”可知，此处需要表示拍摄者的名词，photographer“摄影师”，此处特指这位摄影师，名词用单数。故填photographer。 14．Wearing Hanfu is not only a kind of (fashion) for young people, but also a way to express their love for traditional Chinese culture. 【答案】fashion 【解析】句意：穿汉服对年轻人来说不仅是一种时尚，也是一种表达他们对中国传统文化热爱的方式。a kind of后接名词，fashion“时尚”，是不可数名词。故填fashion。 15．The fireman showed us to use a fire extinguisher (灭火器) during the safety class. 【答案】how 【解析】句意：在安全课上，消防员向我们展示了如何使用灭火器。根据“... to use a fire extinguisher”可知，此处表示“如何使用”，how“如何；怎样”，符合语境。故填how。 三、重点短语 1. IT engineer 信息技术工程师 2. fashion designer 服装设计师 3. film director 电影导演 4. be going to 计划; 将要;打算 5. grow up 长大 6. realize one's dream实现某人的梦想 7. be good at doing sth.擅长做某事 8. read more classics 阅读更多经典作品 9. keep on doing sth. 继续做某事; 反复做某事 10. make sure 确保; 保证 11. try one's best to.do sth. 尽某人做大努力做某事 12. take a hot bath洗个热水澡 13. live in the countryside在乡下居住 14. take acting classes上表演课 15. have no idea不知道 16. play badminton打羽毛球 17. on Saturday morning在星期六早上 18. stick to sth.坚持 19. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 20. make resolutions 21. physical health身体健康 22. promise to do sth.承诺做某事; 答应做某事 23. take up 开始从事; 开始认真对待 24. have to do with sb. /sth. 和....有关系 25. have ...in common 有....共同之处 26. hardly ever 几乎不 27. too...to...太...而不能... 28. set a goal 设定目标 29. write down 写下; 记下 30. remind sb. of sth.提醒某人关于某事 31. list some popular resolutions 列举一些流行的决心 32. give advice on 就....给出建议 33. be tired of 对...感到厌倦 34. for the first time 第一次 35. give up 放弃 36. spare time to do sth. 抽出时间做某事 37. be happy to do sth. 很高兴做某事 38. with one's help 在某人的帮助下 39. the final exam 期末考试 40. draw to a close 即将结束; 即将完成 41. form good habits 养成还习惯 42. hope to do sth. 希望做某事 43. be a healthier and happier person 成为一个更健康更快乐的人 44. last but not least最后 45.improve relationships 改善关系 46. hope to do sth 希望做某事 47.better than 比…更好；胜过… 48.do push-ups 做俯卧撑 49. do sit-ups 做仰卧起坐 50. last but not least最后但同等重要 51.get a lot better 变得好很多 52.give up 放弃 53. lose hope 失去希望 54.spare time to do sth 抽出时间做某事 55. be confident in 对…有信心 【即学即练】 完成句子。 1．He’s going to take the subway more to help cut down pollution. (对划线部分提问) he going to do to help cut down pollution? 【答案】 What is 【解析】句意：他打算更多地乘坐地铁来帮助减少污染。对划线部分“take the subway more”提问，即询问“他打算做什么来帮助减少污染？”。原句是一般将来时（be going to结构），划线部分为动词短语，表示做的事情，因此用疑问词what提问。将what置于句首，后接一般疑问句语序（be动词提前）。故填What；is。 2．锻炼对我们的身体健康非常重要。 Exercise is very important for our . 【答案】 physical health 【解析】 “身体健康”的英语表达为“physical health”，是固定短语。故填physical；health。 3．last, we’re, to, going, for, some, ask, old, clothes (.) 【答案】Last, we’re going to ask for some old clothes. 【解析】分析所给词和标点可知，谓语动词为be going to do sth.表示“将要做某事”，动词短语ask for 意为“向……要……”，名词短语“some clothes”意为“一些衣服”，可以做for的宾语，old意为“旧的”可以做定语，修饰“clothes”。故填Last, we’re going to ask for some old clothes“最后，我们将要一些旧衣服”。 48．We won’t have a sports meeting in our school next week.(改为同义句) There going to a sports meeting in our school next week. 【答案】 isn’t be 【解析】句意：我们下周将不在我们学校举办运动会。原句是一个一般将来时的否定句，表示“不会有”。在“There be”句型的将来时结构中，其否定形式是在“is/are”后面加“not”。原句中的“won’t have”就相当于“There is not going to be”。故填isn’t；be。 4．I am going to visit my aunt this weekend. (改为一般疑问句) going to visit your aunt this weekend? 【答案】 Are you 【解析】句意：这个周末我要去看望我的姑妈。此句要求改为一般疑问句，be going to结构变成一般疑问句时，需要把be动词提到主语前。第一人称I要变成第二人称you，故be动词用are，位于句首，首字母要大写，故填Are；you。 5．我们应该尽最大努力保护环境，让世界变得更美好。 We should to protect the environment and make the world better. 【答案】 try our best 【解析】根据中英文对照，缺少的部分为“尽我们的最大努力”，固定搭配try one’s best to do sth.表示是“尽某人最大努力做某事”，其中one’s用our作“我们的”；should是情态动词，后接动词原形，所以try our best符合语境。故填try；our；best。 6．他们厌倦了喧闹的城市生活，梦想着住在乡村。 They the noisy city life and dream of living in the countryside. 【答案】 are tired of 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“厌倦了”。be tired of“对某事感到厌倦”；根据“They ... and dream of ...”可知，and连接两个并列成分，故空格处用一般现在时，空前主语是they，be动词用复数are。故填are；tired；of。 7．新冰箱占据了太多空间。请把它移到另一个地方。 The new fridge too much room. Please move it to another place. 【答案】 takes up 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“占据”。take up“占据（空间、时间等）”；句子描述的是一般情况，用一般现在时，主语The new fridge是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填takes；up。 8．我打算每天都练习我的绘画技巧。 I’m going to every day. 【答案】practise my drawing skills 【解析】practise“练习”，my“我的”，drawing skills“绘画技巧”，此处是一般将来时，be going to后用动词原形，故填practise my drawing skills。 9．他经常锻炼身体，因此他身体很好。 He often does exercise, so he is . 【答案】 in good health 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“身体很好”。in good health，固定短语，“身体健康”，符合语境。故填in；good；health。 10．在将来我打算成为一名科学家。 I a scientist in the future. 【答案】 am going to be 【解析】be going to do sth.表示“打算做某事”，主语为I，be动词用am；be表示“成为”，不定式符号to后用动词原形。故填am；going；to；be。 四、重点句型 1.When do we make plans?我们什么时候制定计划？ 2.I'm going to work hard at maths.我要努力学习数学。 3.I'm going to take art lessons.我打算上美术课。 4.I'm going to practise my drawing skills every day.我要每天练习我的绘画技巧。 5.I'm going to read more books about IT and AI.我打算多读一些关于信息技术和人工智能的书。 6.What does John want to be when he grows up?约翰长大后想做什么？ ---He wants to be ...他想成为…… 7.How is he going to realize his dream?他打算如何实现他的梦想？ ---He is going to ...他打算…… 8.What are you reading, Fu Xing?付兴，你在读什么？ 9.It's a book of essays by a famous Chinese writer.是一本中国著名作家的散文集。 10.I'm going to read more classics. And also, I'm going to keep on writing stories and essays. 我打算多读经典作品。而且，我还要继续写故事和散文。 11.My parents want me to be a doctor, but I'm not sure about that. 我父母想让我当医生，但我不太确定。 12.Just make sure you try your best at school. Then you can do anything you want. 只要确保你在学校尽力而为，那么你就能做任何你想做的事。 13.I'm going to take a hot bath.我打算洗个热水澡。 14.They are going to live in the countryside.他们打算住在乡下。 15.She is going to take acting classes.她打算上表演课。 16.They are tired of city life.他们厌倦了城市生活。 17.Some resolutions have to do with learning new things.一些决心与学习新事物有关。 18.For example, a student may decide to start a new study plan. 例如，学生可能会决定开始一个新的学习计划。 19.Try to set mini-goals to help you achieve your resolution. 尝试设定小目标来帮助你实现决心。 20.After all, the start of the year is often a perfect time for making resolutions. 毕竟，年初通常是下定决心的绝佳时机。 21.A resolution is a promise that you make to yourself. People make resolutions to improve their life. For example, some people may promise to exercise more or eat more healthily.决心是你对自己许下的承诺。人们通过下决心来改善生活。例如，有些人可能会承诺多锻炼或更健康地饮食。 22.People might decide they are going to take up a hobby, like painting or photography. 人们可能会决定要培养一种爱好，比如绘画或摄影。 23.Although there are differences, most resolutions have one thing in common: people hardly ever keep them!尽管各有不同，但大多数决心有一个共同点：人们很少能坚持下来！ 24.Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep.有时决心可能太难坚持。 25.Don't set a goal that is too difficult or too much for you. 不要设定一个对你来说太困难或负担过重的目标。 26.As the year draws to a close, it is the perfect time to think about the changes we want to make in the coming new year.随着一年接近尾声，此时正是思考我们在即将到来的新一年中想要做出哪些改变的绝佳时机。 27.We can improve our lives by learning something new, forming good habits, working harder at something, or even improving our relationships with others. 我们可以通过学习新事物、养成好习惯、在某个方面更加努力，甚至改善与他人的关系来提升我们的生活。 28.The first one is about taking up a new hobby.第一个是关于培养一项新爱好。 29.I'm sure I'm going to be a healthier and happier person. 我相信我会成为一个更健康、更快乐的人。 30.Last but not least, my English isn't good enough, so I am going to study for two more hours each weekend.最后但同样重要的是，我的英语不够好，所以我打算每个周末多学习两个小时。 【即学即练】 完成句子 1．开始做饭前，要确保你准备好所有食材。 Before you start cooking, you have all the ingredients ready. 【答案】 make sure 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“确保”。make sure“确保”，是固定短语；句子是祈使句，用动词原形。故填make；sure。 2．他将如何实现他的梦想？ How is he going to ? 【答案】realize his dream 【解析】realize one’s dream“实现某人的梦想”，be going to do“将做某事”，因此填动词原形，his“他的”。故填realize his dream。 3．不用担心。我对这件事有把握。 Don’t worry. I it. 【答案】 am sure about/of 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“对……有把握”。“be sure about/of”意为“对……有把握”。根据“Don’t worry.”可知，句子为一般现在时，主语为“I”，be动词应用“am”。故填am sure about/of。 4．并且我将要进行足够的锻炼以保持健康。 And I to keep healthy. 【答案】 am going to take/do enough exercise 【解析】对比中英文可知，空处缺少“将要进行足够的锻炼”；根据英文题干和汉语提示可知，此处考查be going to do sth.“打算、计划做某事”，主语为“I”，be动词应用am；take/do exercise“做运动”，动词短语，其中exercise“运动，锻炼”；enough“充足的，足够的”，形容词，置于名词前作定语，修饰exercise。故填am；going；to；take/do；enough；exercise。 5．凯特长大后将怎样成为一名作家？ How is Kate a writer when she grows up? 【答案】 going to be 【解析】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“将成为”。可用“be going to + 动词原形”结构；be，成为，空前已给出助动词is。故填 going；to；be。 完形填空 阅读短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。 My friend Mary and I decided to be “resolution buddies (伙伴)” and write our resolutions together. Here is the list we would do every day: New Year’s Resolutions (1) Try a cool new hairstyle. (2) Bake (烘烤) a delicious dessert. (3) Eat a super-healthy lunch. (4) Read books for 30 minutes. (5) Do exercise for 20 minutes. (6) Do something big to help the planet. The next morning, I 1 at 5:45. My dad was so surprised to see me. “Whoa! Who are you? And what have you done with my 2 daughter?” he said. “Mary and I need more time to keep our New Year’s resolutions,” I told him, 3 him the resolution list and my braids (发辫). “I have already kept the number 4 resolution. Now I’m baking cookies for the second resolution.” When I 5 school, Mary said, “I love your braids! Oh, here are my cookies!” The morning seemed 6 . After a difficult math test, we felt we really needed a nice lunch. However, the number 3 resolution says our lunch has to be healthy, not necessarily delicious. Anyway, we still 7 it. “If we’re going to finish the number 4 and the number 5 8 the class begins, we’d better be quick,” I said to Mary. At last, we made it. However, the exercise made us 9 and we didn’t have time to do something big to help the planet (the number 6 resolution). “It seemed we had to get up even earlier the next day,” said Mary. I 10 it difficult, but I had to support (支持) her. Even with more time, though, it was hard to finish everything. And we were 11 tired to do things well. On Friday, Mary and I yawned (打哈欠) a lot. That afternoon, we made a new New Year’s resolution list. We had 12 exercised and read a lot, so we 13 . Now the new one is 14 , simpler, more doable (可行) and best of all. New Year’s Resolutions (1) Try to eat healthy food. (2) Try not to waste water or paper. (3) Try to be kind. Of course, we still like to bake and try new hairstyles, but not every day. And we still hope to do something big to help the planet, but that will take more 15 . 1．A．put up B．turned up C．showed up D．got up 2．A．sleep-loving B．sweet-loving C．book-loving D．dog-loving 3．A．reading B．writing C．thinking D．showing 4．A．one B．three C．four D．five 5．A．left for B．went to C．arrived at D．got back to 6．A．sunny B．free C．terrible D．sweet 7．A．threw B．kept C．forgot D．remembered 8．A．before B．as soon as C．until D．after 9．A．excited B．uncomfortable C．relaxed D．unlucky 10．A．said B．wondered C．found D．caught 11．A．so B．too C．very D．much 12．A．simply B．quickly C．already D．truly 13．A．cut them out B．turned them off C．put them off D．kept them off 14．A．more interesting B．richer C．more serious D．shorter 15．A．acting B．learning C．planning D．knowing 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．C 11．B 12．C 13．A 14．D 15．C 【解析】本文讲述作者和朋友制定新年计划后，因执行困难而调整计划的故事。 1．句意：第二天早上，我在5:45起床。 put up张贴；turned up出现；showed up露面；got up起床。根据“at 5:45”可知，是在5:45起床。故选D。 2．句意：你对我爱睡觉的女儿做了什么？ sleep-loving爱睡觉的；sweet-loving爱甜食的；book-loving爱读书的；dog-loving爱狗的。根据“I ... at 5:45.”可知，我起得很早，父亲对我很惊讶，说明我之前应是爱睡觉的。故选A。 3．句意：“玛丽和我需要更多的时间来坚持我们的新年决心”，我告诉他，向他展示决心清单和我的发辫。 reading读；writing写；thinking思考；showing展示。根据“him the resolution list and my braids”可知，是向父亲展示决心清单和发辫。故选D。 4．句意：我已经实现了第一条决心。 one一；three三；four四；five五。根据“(1) Try a cool new hairstyle.”及“my braids”可知，尝试新的发型是第一条决心。故选A。 5．句意：当我到学校时，玛丽说：“我喜欢你的发辫！哦，这是我的饼干！” left for前往；went to去；arrived at到达；got back to返回。根据“Mary said, ‘I love your braids! Oh, here are my cookies!’”可知，这是到达学校后发生的场景。故选C。 6．句意：早上似乎很甜蜜。 sunny晴朗的；free自由的；terrible糟糕的；sweet甜蜜的。根据“I love your braids! Oh, here are my cookies!”可知，作者得到了朋友的夸奖和饼干，早上应是甜蜜的。故选D。 7．句意：无论如何，我们仍然要坚持。 threw扔；kept坚持；forgot忘记；remembered记得。根据“However, the number 3 resolution says our lunch has to be healthy, not necessarily delicious.”可知，此处是指要坚持决心。故选B。 8．句意：我对玛丽说：“如果我们想在上课前完成第4条和第5条，我们最好快点”。 before在……之前；as soon as一……就；until直到；after在……之后。根据“we’d better be quick”可知，是指在上课前完成第4条和第5条决心。故选A。 9．句意：然而，锻炼让我们感到不适，而且我们没有时间去做一些大事来帮助这个星球(第6条决心)。 excited兴奋的；uncomfortable不舒服的；relaxed放松的；unlucky不幸的。根据“At last, we made it. However, the exercise made us ...”可知，However表示转折，表明虽然做到了，但是让我们感到不舒服。故选B。 10．句意：我发现它很难，但我不得不支持她。 said说；wondered想知道；found发现；caught抓住。根据“it difficult”可知，是指发现它很难。故选C。 11．句意：而且我们太累了，无法把事情做好。 so如此；too太；very非常；much很多。too ... to“太……而不能……”，固定搭配。故选B。 12．句意：我们已经锻炼和阅读很多，所以我们把它们删除。 simply仅仅；quickly迅速地；already已经；truly真实地。根据“exercised and read a lot”可知，是指已经锻炼和阅读了很多。故选C。 13．句意：我们已经锻炼和阅读很多，所以我们把它们删除。 cut them out删除它们；turned them off关闭它们；put them off推迟它们；kept them off远离它们。根据后文的决心清单变成了三条可知，是指删除了一些决心。故选A。 14．句意：现在的决心清单更短、更简洁、更可行而且是最好的。 more interesting更有趣；richer更富有；more serious更严重；shorter更短。根据后文可知，决心清单变成了三条，因此是更简短。故选D。 15．句意：而且我们仍然希望能够做一些大事来帮助这个星球，但这需要更多的规划。 acting表演；learning学习；planning规划；knowing知道。根据“And we still hope to do something big to help the planet”可知，帮助这个星球需要做更多的规划。故选C。 阅读理解 Dear Victor, I have received your letter from school and I am glad to know that you are becoming responsible (负责的) enough to decide on your career (职业). You are now in the final year of high school and are going to start further education in college. You know that we belong to different times, and my social life is different from yours. However, all I can say as advice is that you must choose a career wisely. The first consideration is your interest. You can only succeed and feel happy when you do something you enjoy. You must get a job which provides you with not only something useful, but also something you like. Then, you must read a lot in the field (领域) you are aiming at. Also, you should get to know the men and women who work in that field. When the mind and heart work together, success is inevitable. No career is more or less important. I think your interest may be in the field of making TV programmes. Your good communication skills, your taking an active part in school plays and the prizes you have won in speech competitions all lead you to that direction. So a career in mass communication like TV and film production will bring luck to you. If you succeed in that field, you will become famous and rich. Think a thousand times before making any final decision about your career. After all, we want you to be a man of success. We all know that you are old enough to think for yourself. With all the best wishes! Your loving father 1．We can infer that Victor wrote a letter to ask for advice on how to________. A．get good marks B．choose a career C．communicate with others 2．The underlined word “inevitable” in Paragraph 2 means ________. A．pleased to seek B．easy to remember C．sure to happen 3．The father mentions “school plays” and “speech competitions” in Paragraph 3 in order to ________. A．show that he is proud of his son B．tell his son he should work harder in this field C．tell his son he will certainly succeed in this field 4．The father thinks that ________. A．every career is equally important B．being famous is more important than being rich C．his son is too young to make a decision himself 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 【解析】本文是一封父亲写给儿子的信。在信中, 父亲就如何选择职业提出了一些建议。 1．细节理解题。根据“I have received your letter from school and I am glad to know that you are becoming responsible (负责的) enough to decide on your career (职业).”以及“However, all I can say as advice is that you must choose a career wisely.”可知，Victor写信是为了寻求关于如何选择职业的建议，故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据“You must get a job which provides you with not only something useful, but also something you like. Then, you must read a lot in the field (领域) you are aiming at. Also, you should get to know the men and women who work in that field. When the mind and heart work together, success is inevitable.”可知，当思想和情感共同作用时，成功是必然会发生的，所以“inevitable”意思是“必然发生的”，故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“I think your interest may be in the field of making TV programmes. Your good communication skills, your taking an active part in school plays and the prizes you have won in speech competitions all lead you to that direction.”可知，父亲提到“校园戏剧”和“演讲比赛”是为了暗示Victor可以考虑他建议的职业，故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“No career is more or less important.”可知，父亲认为每个职业都同样重要，故选A。 $Unit 6 Plan for Yourself 重点词汇、词性转换、词义辨析、重难点句型（讲义） 一、单词梳理 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 7 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【名词】 1. engineer /ˌendʒɪˈnɪə(r)/ n. 工程师；技师 2. fashion /ˈfæʃn/ n. 时装业；时尚 3. designer /dɪˈzaɪnə(r)/ n. 设计师 4. director /dəˈrektə(r), daɪˈrektə(r)/ n. 导演；主任；董事 5. musician /mjuˈzɪʃn/ n. 音乐家；作曲家 6. fireman /ˈfaɪəmən/ n. (pl. firemen /ˈfaɪəmən/) 消防队员 7. AI /ˌeɪ ˈaɪ/ (= artificial /ˌɑːtɪˈfɪʃl/ intelligence /ɪnˈtelɪdʒəns/) 人工智能 8. essay /ˈeseɪ/ n. 小品文；文章 9. classic /ˈklæsɪk/ n. 经典作品；名著 adj. 最优秀的；古典的 10. literature /ˈlɪtrətʃə(r)/ n. 文学 11. athlete /ˈæθliːt/ n. 运动员 12. photographer /fəˈtɒɡrəfə(r)/ n. 摄影师；摄影者 13. painter /ˈpeɪntə(r)/ n. 画家；油漆匠 14. businessman /ˈbɪznəsmæn/ n. 男商人；企业家 15. actress /ˈæktrəs/ n. 女演员 16. lawyer /ˈlɔːjə(r)/ n. 律师 17. law /lɔː/ n. 法律；法规 18. bath /bɑːθ/ n. 洗澡；浴缸 19. resolution /ˌrezəˈluːʃn/ n. 决定；决议 20. mini-goal /ˈmɪnɪ ɡəʊl/ n. 小目标 21. health /helθ/ n. 健康 22. photography /fəˈtɒɡrəfi/ n. 照相术；摄影 23. self-improvement /ˌself ɪmˈpruːvmənt/ n. 自我改进；自我提高 24. paragraph /ˈpærəɡrɑːf/ n. 段；段落 25. meaning /ˈmiːnɪŋ/ n. 意义；含义 26. bridge /brɪdʒ/ n. 桥 27. confidence /ˈkɒnfɪdəns/ n. 信心；信任 28. relationship /rɪˈleɪʃnʃɪp/ n. 关系；联系 29. push-up /ˈpʊʃ ʌp/ n. 俯卧撑 【动词】 1. miss /mɪs/ v. 想念；错过 2. achieve /əˈtʃiːv/ v.（凭长期努力）达到；完成 3. introduce /ˌɪntrəˈdjuːs/ v. 介绍；引见；引进 4. fail /feɪl/ v. 未能（做到）；失败 【代词】 1. yourself /jɔːˈself/ pron. (pl. yourselves /jɔːˈselvz/) 你自己；您自己 【副词】 1. healthily /ˈhelθɪli/ adv. 健康地 2. wisely /ˈwaɪzli/ adv. 聪明地 3. ahead /əˈhed/ adv. 提前；在前面 【形容词】 1. able /ˈeɪbl/ adj. 能够；有才能的 2. physical /ˈfɪzɪkl/ adj. 身体的；物理的 3. confident /ˈkɒnfɪdənt/ adj. 自信的；肯定的 4. organized /ˈɔːɡənaɪzd/ (= organised) adj. 有条理的；有组织的 5. possible /ˈpɒsəbl/ adj. 可能的；合理的 6. energetic /ˌenəˈdʒetɪk/ adj.精力充沛的；充满活力 【兼类词】 1. stick /stɪk/ v. (stuck /stʌk/) 粘贴；将……刺入 n. 枝条；棍 2. design /dɪˈzaɪn/ v. 设计；计划 n. 设计；花纹 3. final /ˈfaɪnl/ adj. 最后的；最终的 n. 决赛 4. form /fɔːm/ v.（使）形成；组成 n. 类型；形式 【即学即练】 1、 单项选择。 1．His ________ grew after winning the basketball game. A．resolution B．health C．confidence D．photography 2．—Dear friends, do you still remember why you came here three years ago? —To ________ our dreams! A．copy B．refuse C．imagine D．achieve 3．I have quite a good ________ with my grandparents. I visit them once a week. A．goal B．energy C．relationship D．friendship 4．Although Sun Jiadong was already in his seventies, he was still very ________ and became the chief designer of China’s lunar exploration programme. A．energetic B．caring C．humorous D．thoughtful 5．―Excuse me, don’t you know about the new traffic ________ ? Everyone in a car must wear the seat belt (安全带). ―Sorry, we won’t do that again. A．rule B．law C．instruction D．education 6．—At the 2025 National Games, ________ showed excellent skills. —Their wonderful performances brought pleasure to the fans. A．directors B．athletes C．firemen D．doctors 7．All of China’s four great ________ novels are worth reading, and they are both meaningful and interesting. A．cultural B．foreign C．classic D．popular 8．—Some people are never ________ making a basket in one online shop then to another. —Perhaps they want to see if they can get the same or similar things cheaper. A．tired of B．afraid of C．worried about D．proud of 9．—Huangshan looks amazing in all seasons, especially in autumn when the maple (枫树) leaves turn red. —That’s why love coming here. A．writers B．teachers C．lawyers D．photographers 10． You work ________hard ________you're sure to pass the exam.（　　） A．so；that B．as；as C．enough；to D．too；to 2、 根据所给的汉语或首字母提示填空 1.My sister wants to be a d           (设计师) because she loves creating beautiful clothes. 2.Doing p            (身体的) exercise is a good way to keep healthy. 3.The old man is so tired that he doesn't feel e           (有精力的) enough to keep on walking. 4.Parents send their children to good schools because they believe their children will f            (养成) good habits there. 5.After practicing hard for many years, she finally a             (实现) her dream of being the champion. 6．Dan is old enough and he is (能够) to care for himself. 7．Their background gives them little chance of (达到) success at school. 8．It’s not one of my favourite (形式) of music. 9．We are going (筹募) money for children in need at the community centre tonight. 10．I want to (介绍) my wife at my birthday party. 11．I know you’re a kind boy and I’m (有信心的) you will choose to help the old man. 12．When you’re ill, please see a doctor as soon as (可能的). 13．Where is that (律师) new house? I heard he bought a big cottage last month. 14．I am really tired. I want to (放松) for some minutes. 15．It’s not (可能) for me to finish this task in such a short time. 16．Taking a warm (洗澡) can make you feel better when you have a cold. 17．They asked me to (设计) a poster for the film. 18．My uncle is a successful (企业家) and he owns a big company. 19．After a long discussion, we made the (最后的) decision. 20．Mary is a (自信的) girl. She always believes herself. 21．She is a very good a in the women’s 100-metre hurdles in China. 22．A good m not only plays well but also has a deep understanding of music. 23．Jiaozi, a talented d , created many vivid characters in his latest films Ne Zha 2. 24．This kind of clothes is in f now. Many young people like to wear it. 25．If you don’t know the m of a new word, you can guess it from the context (语境). 26．Sandy is (精力充沛的) enough to dance two hours every day. 27．My father loves ancient Chinese l and often reads classic poems to me. 28．A good m not only plays well but also has a deep understanding of music. 29．I spent the whole afternoon writing an e about my favorite book. 30．Jiaozi, a talented d , created many vivid characters in his latest films Ne Zha 2. 31．This kind of clothes is in f now. Many young people like to wear it. 32．Timmy likes music very much. His dream is to be a m . 33．Mr. Green thinks running is good for his h . 34．If you want to a your goals, you need to work hard and stay focused. 35．Our school o an activity called “Collect and Help” yesterday. 二、词形变换 1.yourself→ (pron.你们自己复数) 2.designer→  (v.设计) 3.director→ (v.指导)→  (adj.直接的) 4.musician→  (n.音乐)→  (adj.音乐的) 5.classic→ (adj.古典的)→  (adv.古典地) 6.literature→  (adj.文学的)→  (adv.文学上地) 7.photographer→  (n.照片)→  (v.拍照) 8.painter→  (v.绘画)→  (n.绘画) 9.businessman→  (n.商业) 10.actress→ (n.男演员)→  (v.行动) 11.law→  (n.律师)→  (adj.合法的) 12.resolution→  (v.决定) 13.achieve→  (n.成就) 14.physical→  (n.物理学)→  (adv.身体上) 15.health→ (adj.健康的)→ (adv.健康地)→ (adj.不健康的) 16.confident→ (n.自信)→  (adv.自信地) 17.organized→  (v.组织)→ (n.组织)→  (n.组织者) 18.wisely→ (adj.明智的)→  (n.智慧) 19.possible→  (n.可能性)→  (adv.可能地)→ (adj.不可能的)→  (n.不可能的事) 20.introduce→ (n.介绍) 21.meaning→ (v.意思是)→  (adj.有意义的)→ (adv.有意义地)→  (adj.无意义的) 22.fail→  (n.失败) 23.final→ (adv.最后) 24.relationship→  (v.涉及) → (adj.相关的)→  (n.关系) 25.energetic→  (n.能量)→  (adv.精力充沛地) 【答案】1.yourself→yourselves (pron.你们自己复数) 2.designer→design (v.设计) 3.director→direct (v.指导)→direct (adj.直接的) 4.musician→music (n.音乐)→musical (adj.音乐的) 5.classic→classical (adj.古典的)→classically (adv.古典地) 6.literature→literary (adj.文学的)→literarily (adv.文学上地) 7.photographer→photo (n.照片)→photograph (v.拍照) 8.painter→paint (v.绘画)→painting (n.绘画) 9.businessman→business (n.商业) 10.actress→actor (n.男演员)→ act  (v.行动) 11.law→lawyer  (n.律师)→legal  (adj.合法的) 12.resolution→resolve  (v.决定) 13.achieve→achievement (n.成就) 14.physical→physics (n.物理学)→physically (adv.身体上) 15.health→healthy (adj.健康的)→healthily (adv.健康地)→unhealthy (adj.不健康的) 16.confident→confidence(n.自信)→confidently (adv.自信地) 17.organized→organize (v.组织)→organization(n.组织)→organizer (n.组织者) 18.wisely→wise(adj.明智的)→wisdom (n.智慧) 19.possible→possibility (n.可能性)→possibly (adv.可能地)→impossible(adj.不可能的)→impossibility (n.不可能的事) 20.introduce→introduction(n.介绍) 21.meaning→mean(v.意思是)→meaningful (adj.有意义的)→meaningfully(adv.有意义地)→meaningless (adj.无意义的) 22.fail→failure (n.失败) 23.final→finally (adv.最后) 24.relationship→relate (v.涉及) →related(adj.相关的)→relation (n.关系) 25.energetic→energy (n.能量)→energetically (adv.精力充沛地) 一、用所给词的正确的形式填空。 1．We saw many famous by great at the art exhibition. (paint) 2．It is not easy (achieve) our dreams. 3．Mental health and fitness are both important to people. (physic) 4．Helen (introduce) herself to us and then she began her speech. 5．He is an (energy) boy and he likes playing all kinds of sports. 6．She decided to be a (law) to help those in need. 7．She finally (realize) her dream of becoming a singer after years of hard work. 8． your classmates (go) on a trip to the mountains next Saturday? 9．Peter is going to be engineer. He studies math really hard. 10．My twin sister (practice) the piano next week. 11．Some (actress) start their careers (生涯) when they are very young. 12．There are a lot of things to learn classics as they show us different views of life. 13．This (photograph) took amazing pictures of the sunset at the beach. 14．Wearing Hanfu is not only a kind of (fashion) for young people, but also a way to express their love for traditional Chinese culture. 15．The fireman showed us to use a fire extinguisher (灭火器) during the safety class. 三、重点短语 1. IT engineer 信息技术工程师 2. fashion designer 服装设计师 3. film director 电影导演 4. be going to 计划; 将要;打算 5. grow up 长大 6. realize one's dream实现某人的梦想 7. be good at doing sth.擅长做某事 8. read more classics 阅读更多经典作品 9. keep on doing sth. 继续做某事; 反复做某事 10. make sure 确保; 保证 11. try one's best to.do sth. 尽某人做大努力做某事 12. take a hot bath洗个热水澡 13. live in the countryside在乡下居住 14. take acting classes上表演课 15. have no idea不知道 16. play badminton打羽毛球 17. on Saturday morning在星期六早上 18. stick to sth.坚持 19. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 20. make resolutions 21. physical health身体健康 22. promise to do sth.承诺做某事; 答应做某事 23. take up 开始从事; 开始认真对待 24. have to do with sb. /sth. 和....有关系 25. have ...in common 有....共同之处 26. hardly ever 几乎不 27. too...to...太...而不能... 28. set a goal 设定目标 29. write down 写下; 记下 30. remind sb. of sth.提醒某人关于某事 31. list some popular resolutions 列举一些流行的决心 32. give advice on 就....给出建议 33. be tired of 对...感到厌倦 34. for the first time 第一次 35. give up 放弃 36. spare time to do sth. 抽出时间做某事 37. be happy to do sth. 很高兴做某事 38. with one's help 在某人的帮助下 39. the final exam 期末考试 40. draw to a close 即将结束; 即将完成 41. form good habits 养成还习惯 42. hope to do sth. 希望做某事 43. be a healthier and happier person 成为一个更健康更快乐的人 44. last but not least最后 45.improve relationships 改善关系 46. hope to do sth 希望做某事 47.better than 比…更好；胜过… 48.do push-ups 做俯卧撑 49. do sit-ups 做仰卧起坐 50. last but not least最后但同等重要 51.get a lot better 变得好很多 52.give up 放弃 53. lose hope 失去希望 54.spare time to do sth 抽出时间做某事 55. be confident in 对…有信心 【即学即练】 完成句子。 1．He’s going to take the subway more to help cut down pollution. (对划线部分提问) he going to do to help cut down pollution? 2．锻炼对我们的身体健康非常重要。 Exercise is very important for our . 3．last, we’re, to, going, for, some, ask, old, clothes (.) 48．We won’t have a sports meeting in our school next week.(改为同义句) There going to a sports meeting in our school next week. 4．I am going to visit my aunt this weekend. (改为一般疑问句) going to visit your aunt this weekend? 5．我们应该尽最大努力保护环境，让世界变得更美好。 We should to protect the environment and make the world better. 6．他们厌倦了喧闹的城市生活，梦想着住在乡村。 They the noisy city life and dream of living in the countryside. 7．新冰箱占据了太多空间。请把它移到另一个地方。 The new fridge too much room. Please move it to another place. 8．我打算每天都练习我的绘画技巧。 I’m going to every day. 9．他经常锻炼身体，因此他身体很好。 He often does exercise, so he is . 10．在将来我打算成为一名科学家。 I a scientist in the future. 四、重点句型 1.When do we make plans?我们什么时候制定计划？ 2.I'm going to work hard at maths.我要努力学习数学。 3.I'm going to take art lessons.我打算上美术课。 4.I'm going to practise my drawing skills every day.我要每天练习我的绘画技巧。 5.I'm going to read more books about IT and AI.我打算多读一些关于信息技术和人工智能的书。 6.What does John want to be when he grows up?约翰长大后想做什么？ ---He wants to be ...他想成为…… 7.How is he going to realize his dream?他打算如何实现他的梦想？ ---He is going to ...他打算…… 8.What are you reading, Fu Xing?付兴，你在读什么？ 9.It's a book of essays by a famous Chinese writer.是一本中国著名作家的散文集。 10.I'm going to read more classics. And also, I'm going to keep on writing stories and essays. 我打算多读经典作品。而且，我还要继续写故事和散文。 11.My parents want me to be a doctor, but I'm not sure about that. 我父母想让我当医生，但我不太确定。 12.Just make sure you try your best at school. Then you can do anything you want. 只要确保你在学校尽力而为，那么你就能做任何你想做的事。 13.I'm going to take a hot bath.我打算洗个热水澡。 14.They are going to live in the countryside.他们打算住在乡下。 15.She is going to take acting classes.她打算上表演课。 16.They are tired of city life.他们厌倦了城市生活。 17.Some resolutions have to do with learning new things.一些决心与学习新事物有关。 18.For example, a student may decide to start a new study plan. 例如，学生可能会决定开始一个新的学习计划。 19.Try to set mini-goals to help you achieve your resolution. 尝试设定小目标来帮助你实现决心。 20.After all, the start of the year is often a perfect time for making resolutions. 毕竟，年初通常是下定决心的绝佳时机。 21.A resolution is a promise that you make to yourself. People make resolutions to improve their life. For example, some people may promise to exercise more or eat more healthily.决心是你对自己许下的承诺。人们通过下决心来改善生活。例如，有些人可能会承诺多锻炼或更健康地饮食。 22.People might decide they are going to take up a hobby, like painting or photography. 人们可能会决定要培养一种爱好，比如绘画或摄影。 23.Although there are differences, most resolutions have one thing in common: people hardly ever keep them!尽管各有不同，但大多数决心有一个共同点：人们很少能坚持下来！ 24.Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep.有时决心可能太难坚持。 25.Don't set a goal that is too difficult or too much for you. 不要设定一个对你来说太困难或负担过重的目标。 26.As the year draws to a close, it is the perfect time to think about the changes we want to make in the coming new year.随着一年接近尾声，此时正是思考我们在即将到来的新一年中想要做出哪些改变的绝佳时机。 27.We can improve our lives by learning something new, forming good habits, working harder at something, or even improving our relationships with others. 我们可以通过学习新事物、养成好习惯、在某个方面更加努力，甚至改善与他人的关系来提升我们的生活。 28.The first one is about taking up a new hobby.第一个是关于培养一项新爱好。 29.I'm sure I'm going to be a healthier and happier person. 我相信我会成为一个更健康、更快乐的人。 30.Last but not least, my English isn't good enough, so I am going to study for two more hours each weekend.最后但同样重要的是，我的英语不够好，所以我打算每个周末多学习两个小时。 【即学即练】 完成句子 1．开始做饭前，要确保你准备好所有食材。 Before you start cooking, you have all the ingredients ready. 2．他将如何实现他的梦想？ How is he going to ? 3．不用担心。我对这件事有把握。 Don’t worry. I it. 4．并且我将要进行足够的锻炼以保持健康。 And I to keep healthy. 5．凯特长大后将怎样成为一名作家？ How is Kate a writer when she grows up? 完形填空 阅读短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。 My friend Mary and I decided to be “resolution buddies (伙伴)” and write our resolutions together. Here is the list we would do every day: New Year’s Resolutions (1) Try a cool new hairstyle. (2) Bake (烘烤) a delicious dessert. (3) Eat a super-healthy lunch. (4) Read books for 30 minutes. (5) Do exercise for 20 minutes. (6) Do something big to help the planet. The next morning, I 1 at 5:45. My dad was so surprised to see me. “Whoa! Who are you? And what have you done with my 2 daughter?” he said. “Mary and I need more time to keep our New Year’s resolutions,” I told him, 3 him the resolution list and my braids (发辫). “I have already kept the number 4 resolution. Now I’m baking cookies for the second resolution.” When I 5 school, Mary said, “I love your braids! Oh, here are my cookies!” The morning seemed 6 . After a difficult math test, we felt we really needed a nice lunch. However, the number 3 resolution says our lunch has to be healthy, not necessarily delicious. Anyway, we still 7 it. “If we’re going to finish the number 4 and the number 5 8 the class begins, we’d better be quick,” I said to Mary. At last, we made it. However, the exercise made us 9 and we didn’t have time to do something big to help the planet (the number 6 resolution). “It seemed we had to get up even earlier the next day,” said Mary. I 10 it difficult, but I had to support (支持) her. Even with more time, though, it was hard to finish everything. And we were 11 tired to do things well. On Friday, Mary and I yawned (打哈欠) a lot. That afternoon, we made a new New Year’s resolution list. We had 12 exercised and read a lot, so we 13 . Now the new one is 14 , simpler, more doable (可行) and best of all. New Year’s Resolutions (1) Try to eat healthy food. (2) Try not to waste water or paper. (3) Try to be kind. Of course, we still like to bake and try new hairstyles, but not every day. And we still hope to do something big to help the planet, but that will take more 15 . 1．A．put up B．turned up C．showed up D．got up 2．A．sleep-loving B．sweet-loving C．book-loving D．dog-loving 3．A．reading B．writing C．thinking D．showing 4．A．one B．three C．four D．five 5．A．left for B．went to C．arrived at D．got back to 6．A．sunny B．free C．terrible D．sweet 7．A．threw B．kept C．forgot D．remembered 8．A．before B．as soon as C．until D．after 9．A．excited B．uncomfortable C．relaxed D．unlucky 10．A．said B．wondered C．found D．caught 11．A．so B．too C．very D．much 12．A．simply B．quickly C．already D．truly 13．A．cut them out B．turned them off C．put them off D．kept them off 14．A．more interesting B．richer C．more serious D．shorter 15．A．acting B．learning C．planning D．knowing 阅读理解 Dear Victor, I have received your letter from school and I am glad to know that you are becoming responsible (负责的) enough to decide on your career (职业). You are now in the final year of high school and are going to start further education in college. You know that we belong to different times, and my social life is different from yours. However, all I can say as advice is that you must choose a career wisely. The first consideration is your interest. You can only succeed and feel happy when you do something you enjoy. You must get a job which provides you with not only something useful, but also something you like. Then, you must read a lot in the field (领域) you are aiming at. Also, you should get to know the men and women who work in that field. When the mind and heart work together, success is inevitable. No career is more or less important. I think your interest may be in the field of making TV programmes. Your good communication skills, your taking an active part in school plays and the prizes you have won in speech competitions all lead you to that direction. So a career in mass communication like TV and film production will bring luck to you. If you succeed in that field, you will become famous and rich. Think a thousand times before making any final decision about your career. After all, we want you to be a man of success. We all know that you are old enough to think for yourself. With all the best wishes! Your loving father 1．We can infer that Victor wrote a letter to ask for advice on how to________. A．get good marks B．choose a career C．communicate with others 2．The underlined word “inevitable” in Paragraph 2 means ________. A．pleased to seek B．easy to remember C．sure to happen 3．The father mentions “school plays” and “speech competitions” in Paragraph 3 in order to ________. A．show that he is proud of his son B．tell his son he should work harder in this field C．tell his son he will certainly succeed in this field 4．The father thinks that ________. A．every career is equally important B．being famous is more important than being rich C．his son is too young to make a decision himself $