专题10 情态动词和虚拟语气（专题专练）（全国通用）2026年高考英语二轮复习讲练测

该高中英语高考复习讲义聚焦情态动词和虚拟语气核心考点，涵盖情态动词推测、义务、能力等用法及虚拟语气if条件句、含蓄虚拟、名词性从句虚拟等句式，按“考向洞察-分层突破-真题验证”架构，通过考点梳理（多义辨析、句式归类）、方法指导（语境分析、句式识别）、分层训练（基础单句填空/选择、能力语篇综合）和真题验证，帮助学生系统构建语法知识网络，突破高考高频难点。 特色在于分层突破设计与核心素养融合，A组保分基础练（单句语法填空）夯实基础，B组抢分能力练（重难创新语篇填空）提升语境应用，培养思维品质；真题验证融入2024浙江卷等高考题，强化语言能力。如虚拟语气专题中对比if条件句与but for含蓄虚拟的转换训练，助学生快速识别语境线索，为教师提供精准复习路径，高效提升学生应考能力。

专题10 情态动词和虚拟语气 目录 第一部分 风向速递 洞察考向，感知前沿 第二部分 分层突破 固本培优，精准提分 A组·保分基础练 题型01情态动词和虚拟语气考点综合练（单句语法填空）（原创&最新模拟） 题型02情态动词和虚拟语气考点综合练（单项选择）（最新模拟&原创） B组·抢分能力练 题型03重难创新练（语法填空） 第三部分 真题验证 对标高考，感悟考法 1．（2026·上海市南洋中学高三期中）“My daughter is very interested in this desktop pet robot, and we plan to get one for her”, said Li Qing, who visited the expo with her six-year-old. The product is a kitten-like robot that engage in conversation and display a range of expressions. 2．But for the help of my English teacher, I would not (win) the first prize in the English Writing Competition. 3．（2026·上海市建平中学高三阶段测试）To cope with the continuing imbalance, the national government in 2021 launched a further policy, which defines that both physics and chemistry be requirements (先决条件) for most science majors. 4．（2026·上海市华东师范大学第三附属中学高三第一次阶段测试）The flight device was built into a set of power, computation, sensing and control systems. Wood says the success of the project proves that the flying robot with these tiny components be built and manufactured. 5.（2026·上海市格致中学高三月考）For example, if an alien species was searching for life outside of their planet, one of the ways they tell Earth hosted life is because of the presence of biosignatures, such as oxygen. Individual organisms like plants on Earth produce oxygen through photosynthesis. 6．（2025·吉林省东北师范大学附属中学高三第一次摸底） I live out of town, I would take up gardening as a hobby. 7.You (come) all the way to my office; I could have sent you the documents by email. 8．Only when the results came out did he realize that he should (devote) himself to his studies, but it was too late. 9．Your cousin have enjoyed his trip in Jixian County, didn’t he? He looks amazingly different. 10．It’s a pity that you were late, otherwise you (see) the star from Korea. 01情态动词和虚拟语气考点综合练（单句语法填空） 1.2．Only when we learn to live in harmony with nature we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet. 2.My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he (not attend) your lecture. 3．Some scientific evidence suggests musical training before the age of seven have a significant impact on the brain’s development. 4．If you have a problem with a product, local store owners, who even know you by name, are often willing to help. 5．We have different opinions in organizing class activities,but we can discuss together to make them better. 6.Class activities will vary from day to day, but students be ready to complete short inclass writings. 7．In many schools, students use mobile phones during class time according to the regulations. 8．If a wisdom tooth brings you too much pain, you go to a dentist (牙医) and have it pulled out.   9．One of our rules is that every student wear school uniforms while at school. 10．Interested in painting, he paint with pen and paper after work, gradually cultivating himself into a self-taught painter. 11．With more practice in oral English conversations every day, he (express) his ideas fluently and confidently in the international exchange activity last week. 12．The room is spotless. Someone (clean) it thoroughly before we arrived. 13．We lost our way in that small village; otherwise we would (visit) more places of interest yesterday. 14．The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I needn't （take）my umbrella with me. 15．Had I created all my characters and places upfront, I may (ruin) the whole thing. 16．This meeting room is a non-smoking area. I would like to warn you in advance that if you smoked here you (fine). 17．If I (have) a chance to live my life again, I would go to university because I had a dream to become an engineer when I was young. 18．It is required that the students not use mobile phones in their school, so seldom will you see them using one. 19．It is time that we (take) effective measures to stop the situation from going from bad to worse. 20．But for the help of my English teacher, I would not (win) the first prize in the English Writing Competition. 02情态动词和虚拟语气考点综合练 1．He ______ speak English fluently, but he doesn’t have the confidence to talk with foreigners. A．can B．could C．may D．must 2．（2025·天津市河北区高三下学期总复习质量检测二模）When drafting essays, you pay too much attention to logical flow — unclear connections confuse readers. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．shouldn’t 3．（2026·天津市河西区北师大天津附属中学高三月考）Depression, a mental problem that often results from fierce competition and great pressures in life, ________ be a destructive illness if not treated properly. A．must B．should C．need D．can 4．Mr. Wang ________ have thought the car was worth the money paid, or he would not have spent so much money on such an expensive sports car. A．could B．shall C．can D．must 5．（2025·天津市第四中学高三月考）The new supermarket announced that the first to purchase goods on the opening day ______ get a big prize. A．shall B．may C．need D．must 6．Whenever I visited my grandmother’s house, I ______ rush to the kitchen for the stinky tofu with excitement. A．shall B．would C．must D．may 7．List all the positive things you’ve done for others. It ________ be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. A．might B．need C．should D．would 8．（2025·天津市部分区期中）There are many requirements that ________ be met before a sport can be considered by the international Olympic Committee (IOC) . A．need B．can C．must D．will 9．（2025·上海市杨浦区复旦大学附属中学期中）It is a truth universally acknowledged, ______ anyone calls success ______ have its roots in effort, experience, or opportunity—it does not come from nowhere. A．what; might B．that what; must C．what; must D．that what; might 10．William ________ be in the library at the moment, for I saw him playing basketball in the playground several minutes ago. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．wouldn’t 11．Mike ________ come to see me this afternoon. I don’t want to go window shopping with you in case he comes. A．can B．must C．may D．will 12．Now most young people like shopping online because they ________ spend a lot of time going from shop to shop. A．needn't B．can't C．mustn't D．shouldn't 13．Next time, read the small print in the document before you sign it. You ________ make the same mistake again. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．don’t have to D．wouldn’t 14．The astronauts performed their tasks so excellent. They ______ hard for their duty. A．should practice B．must have practiced C．might practice D．could have practiced 15．I advise you to stay away from Mary. Although she is usually easy-going, she ______be quite annoying sometimes. A．can B．need C．must D．should 16．（2026·天津市河北区高三期中）It was extremely frustrating because the new security system _________ recognise my fingerprints, no matter how many times I tried. A．wouldn’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t 17．（2026·天津市第一中学高三期中）In his childhood, my grandfather ______ sit under the old apple tree for hours, listening to stories told by the village elders. A．would B．should C．could D．shall 18．Jack’s father, who is British, has come to love hot pot! But there are still some dishes that he ________ not try even after many years of marriage to his Chinese mother. A．must B．will C．need D．dare 17．Most of the big hotels in Shanghai were full last week, but finally we______find a room in a small one. A．ought to B．could C．were able to D．might 19．（2026·天津市滨海新区塘沽一中高三月考）According to a newly released regulation on online video services, no one ________ generate, release or spread fake news or information by using such technologies. A．can B．shall C．need D．would 20．（2026·天津市南开区南开大学附属中学高三上学期开学）According to the traffic regulations, all the vehicles on the streets________ come to a full stop on seeing the red lights and put way to those walking by. A．will B．shall C．can D．may 21．It was annoying that the engine ________ start in the freezing weather no matter how hard he tried! A．couldn’t B．wouldn’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t 22．Some aspects of a pilot’s job__________ be boring, and pilots often ________ work at inconvenient hours． A．can; have to B．may; can C．have to; may D．ought to; must 23．The little child ________ go out alone at night, so he ________ walk in the dark that night. A．doesn't dare to; dared not to B．daren't to; didn't dare to C．daren't; dared not D．doesn't dare to; dare not 24．（2026·天津市第四十七中学期中）—Look! The light in the dormitory is still on. —Lucas ________ have forgotten to turn it off when he left as he was the last one to leave the dormitory. A．must B．would C．could D．should 25．（2026·天津市武清区英华实验学校高三月考）What a shame! Considering his competence and experience, he ________ have performed better in the World Adolescent Robotics Competition. A．might B．must C．can D．need 26．（2025·天津市天津市河东区二模）My sister met Jim at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he ______ have attended your lecture. A．couldn’t B．shouldn’t C．needn’t D．mustn’t 27．（2025·天津市部分区高三第二次模拟）Tom’s bedroom is still in a mess. He ________ have cleaned it as he promised yesterday, but he didn’t. A．need B．should C．must D．might 28．I ______ my friends and relatives during the Spring Festivals, but I had to stay home because of COVID-19 outbreak. A．should visit B．might visit C．would have visited D．must have visited 29．During our trip to the Great Wall last week, I couldn’t stop thinking about how huge a project it ________ have been to build it in ancient times. A．must B．could C．should D．need 30．He___________the project on time, but he didn’t put in enough effort and missed the deadline by two days. A．must have finished B．could have finished C．needn’t have finished D．can’t have finished 31．For more than 30 years, scientists have been arguing about how rainforests like the Amazon ________ to the cold, dry climates of the ice ages, but until now, no one has reached a satisfactory answer. A．might react B．should have reached C．must react D．might have reacted 32．“If I hadn’t practiced when I was younger,” the musician says, “I ____________able to play so well now.” A．wouldn’t be B．won’t be C．wouldn’t have been D．couldn’t have been 33．_______ for his unexpected invitation last week, I wouldn’t be standing here today, making small talks with this buzzing crowd of strangers who _______ come out for the special occasion — an unimaginable scenario for an introvert like me. A．Were it not; have B．Had it not been; has C．Were it not; has D．Had it not been; have 34．Had the calculations been done by hand, all practical value ______ by the time they were finished. A．had lost B．would lose C．would have lost D．should have lost 35．But for my casual attitude, I wouldn’t have been dismissed and ________ with my colleagues on the project now. A．might have worked B．would be working C．were to work D．had worked 36．It’s most urgent that the all the shops in the U.S _____ because of the increasingly confirmed Covid-19 cases. A．are closed B．should close C．be closed D．have been closed 37．It’s a pity that such a talent as Jerry ______ leave his favourite work in that company. A．need B．could C．should D．may 38．It is required that a note book ______ within easy reach in case you have something important to take down during the class. A．is put B．be put C．was put D．put 39．My suggestion is that more people from all walks of life________ to finance the project with their deeper love for these children. A．be encouraged B．are encouraged C．were encouraged D．should encourage 40．I can’t stand the young man sitting in the front. He always talks as though he ________ everything. A．knew B．knows C．has known D．had known （情态动词和虚拟语气考点语篇练）1 Tom and Peter are twins. They look as if they 1.__________ (be) the same person. Both the two boys are smart, but Tom is hard－working while Peter is lazy. Tom always wins the first place in the exams while Peter doesn't. However, people believe if Peter 2.__________ (work) as hard as Tom, he would do as well as his brother in his study. At home, their parents suggest that they 3.__________ (finish) their homework before playing computer games. But Peter insists that it 4.__________ (be) OK to play games first as long as he can hand in his homework in time. Their mother gives in in the end. One day, when doing his homework, Tom found he made a serious mistake. So he put his exercise book aside and used another one. When Peter found the previous exercise book, he struck out Tom's name and signed his name on its cover happily, and handed it in as his own homework the next day. When the teacher told the truth to the twins' mother, She was very angry and shouted at Peter, “How I wish you 5.__________ (be) as diligent as your brother! Now it's time that I 6.__________ (give) you a good lesson. And you 7.__________ play any computer games for a month！” “Oh, no! Mom. 8.__________ a computer for such a long time, I would die. I would rather you 9.__________ (ask) me to do the dishes for a month alone.” Peter was upset. “If you 10.__________ (finish) your homework on time yesterday, you wouldn't be punished now，” said the mother. （情态动词和虚拟语气考点语篇练）2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·福建省厦门双十中学高三期中） My time in a remote village, where official data suggested a significant portion of its population 1 (contract) malaria by the time we arrived, left a lasting mark on my worldview. Our mission — defined not merely by providing medical 2 (consult) but by a deeper purpose—demanded profound cultural sensitivity and a willingness to listen. One particularly afternoon, 3 (distribute) mosquito nets and vital medical supplies, we negotiated a winding path toward a community where 4 disabled and elderly received minimal care. When we finally arrived, what greeted us was a world so different from 5 (we). The sight of the main street, 6 (jam) with vibrant market stalls and filled with the murmur of chatting locals, struck me with unexpected force. It was this direct immersion into their daily existence — a privilege I had never anticipated — 7 made me profoundly wish the wider world could understand the quiet dignity of their struggle. Our team leader then insisted that a comprehensive and empathetic report 8 (write) to capture these subtle, vital details. He argued, and rightly so, that 9 a document that conveyed not just statistics but human stories, our efforts would have been incomplete. Reflecting on the entire experience, I often think: 10 it not been for our persistent on-the-ground efforts, the local health situation would not have improved so markedly and this hard-won bond of trust, so delicate in its early stages, might never have taken root and grown as it did. 单句语法填空 1.(2024年1月浙江高考卷) However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes 61 (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day. 2．(2024·全国甲卷)What should 45 （do）with such a beautiful place? 3.(2023年全国甲卷) Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still ______ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.  4．（2019江苏卷）What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _______ (have) a good time together. 5.（2018天津卷）I can't find my purse. I could ___________(leave) it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure. 6.（2018天津卷）If we ___________the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach 7．(2022·北京高考)He ________ have been waiting there for quite a while! 8．(2021·天津高考)It used to be that you ________ drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now there are houses and people everywhere. 9.(2022·全国甲卷)In humans, babies ________ put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes. 10.（2020江苏卷）If I hadn’t been faced with so many barriers, I ______________(be) where I am. 1 / 25 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题10 情态动词和虚拟语气 目录 第一部分 风向速递 洞察考向，感知前沿 第二部分 分层突破 固本培优，精准提分 A组·保分基础练 题型01情态动词和虚拟语气考点综合练（单句语法填空）（原创&最新模拟） 题型02情态动词和虚拟语气考点综合练（单项选择）（最新模拟&原创） B组·抢分能力练 题型03重难创新练（语法填空） 第三部分 真题验证 对标高考，感悟考法 1．（2026·上海市南洋中学高三期中）“My daughter is very interested in this desktop pet robot, and we plan to get one for her”, said Li Qing, who visited the expo with her six-year-old. The product is a kitten-like robot that engage in conversation and display a range of expressions. 【答案】can 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：该产品是一款小猫外形的机器人，能够进行对话并展现多种表情。此处表示机器人具备的功能，意为“能够对话”，用情态动词can，意为“能够、可以”。故填can。 2．But for the help of my English teacher, I would not (win) the first prize in the English Writing Competition. 【答案】have won 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是我的英语老师的帮助, 我不会在英语写作比赛中获得第一名。根据句意及But for可知，本题是表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，主句使用would (not) have done结构。故填have won。 3．（2026·上海市建平中学高三阶段测试）To cope with the continuing imbalance, the national government in 2021 launched a further policy, which defines that both physics and chemistry be requirements (先决条件) for most science majors. 【答案】must 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：为了应对持续的不平衡，国家政府在2021年推出了进一步的政策，该政策规定，对于大多数理科专业来说，物理和化学都必须是先决条件。此处表示政策明确要求的“必须”，用情态动词must体现强制性。故填must。 4．（2026·上海市华东师范大学第三附属中学高三第一次阶段测试）The flight device was built into a set of power, computation, sensing and control systems. Wood says the success of the project proves that the flying robot with these tiny components be built and manufactured. 【答案】can 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：伍德说，这个项目的成功证明，带有这些微小部件的飞行机器人是可以建造和制造的。后跟动词原形，表示“可以”用情态动词can。故填can。 5.（2026·上海市格致中学高三月考）For example, if an alien species was searching for life outside of their planet, one of the ways they tell Earth hosted life is because of the presence of biosignatures, such as oxygen. Individual organisms like plants on Earth produce oxygen through photosynthesis. 【答案】could 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：例如，如果一个外星物种正在他们的星球之外寻找生命，他们能判断地球上有生命存在的方式之一就是因为存在生物特征，比如氧气。根据was searching和tell Earth hosted life可知，此处表示“过去的能力”，用情态动词could。故填could。 6．（2025·吉林省东北师范大学附属中学高三第一次摸底） I live out of town, I would take up gardening as a hobby. 【答案】Should 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：要是我住在城外，我会把园艺当作一种爱好。这是一个虚拟语气的句子，表示不太可能实现的愿望，在虚拟语气中，句首Should+主语+动词原形，常用来表示与现在事实相反的假设，故填Should。 7.You (come) all the way to my office; I could have sent you the documents by email. 【答案】needn’t have come 【解析】考查情态动词的完成式用法。句意：你本不必专程来我办公室的；我本可以通过邮件把文件发给你。根据后句“我本可邮件发送文件”可知，前句强调“专程跑来”的行为没有必要，需用“needn’t have + 过去分词”结构表示“本不必做却做了某事”。故填needn’t have come。 8．Only when the results came out did he realize that he should (devote) himself to his studies, but it was too late. 【答案】have devoted 【解析】考查情态动词+have done用法。句意：只有当结果出来的时候，他才意识到他本应该全身心地投入到他的研究中，但是已经太晚了。结合句意可知，此处表达“本应该做某事而未做”应用should have done。故填have devoted。 9．Your cousin have enjoyed his trip in Jixian County, didn’t he? He looks amazingly different. 【答案】must 【解析】考查must have done用法。句意：你表弟在蓟县的旅行一定很愉快，不是吗？他看起来很不一样。根据He looks amazingly different.可知，此处是对过去肯定的推测，表示“一定做了某事”，使用must have done，故填must。 10．It’s a pity that you were late, otherwise you (see) the star from Korea. 【答案】would have seen 【解析】考查虚拟语气、情态动词+have done。句意：很遗憾你迟到了，否则你就会见到那位来自韩国的明星了。otherwise意为 “否则，要不然”，在这里引导含蓄虚拟条件句。根据It’s a pity that you were late可知，句子表示与过去事实相反的假设（因为已经迟到了，所以实际上没有见到明星）。对于与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，主句的谓语动词要用“would/could/might/should + have done”的形式 ，此处表示“本来会……”，用 would have done结构，see“见到”的过去分词为seen。故填would have seen。 01情态动词和虚拟语气考点综合练（单句语法填空） 1.2．Only when we learn to live in harmony with nature we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet. 【答案】can/will 【解析】考查情态动词和部分倒装。句意：只有当我们学会与自然和谐相处时，我们才能停止对野生动物和我们的星球的威胁。only修饰状语从句位于句首，句子应用部分倒装。在时间状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。根据“Only when we learn to live in harmony with nature”和“we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet”可知，此处是指才能停止对野生动物和我们的星球的威胁，应用情态动词can或will表示“能够，会”。故填can/will。 2.My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he (not attend) your lecture. 【答案】couldn’t have attended 【解析】考查情态动词表推测。句意：我妹妹昨天下午在大剧院见到他了，所以他不可能参加了你的讲座。根据前半句“My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon”可知，这是过去发生的事实，由此可推断出“他参加你的讲座” 这一情况在过去不可能发生。表示对过去事情的否定推测，应用couldn’t have done结构，意为“不可能做过某事”。故填couldn’t have attended。 3．Some scientific evidence suggests musical training before the age of seven have a significant impact on the brain’s development. 【答案】can 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：一些科学证据表明人在七岁以前的音乐训练对大脑的发育可能有重要影响。can在肯定句中表示理论上的可能性；结合句意可知，can的该用法符合句意表示“可能”。故填can。 4．If you have a problem with a product, local store owners, who even know you by name, are often willing to help. 【答案】may 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：如果你的产品有问题，当地的店主往往愿意帮助你，他们甚至可能知道你的名字。此处为不太确定的推测，应用情态动词may表示“可能”。故填may。 5．We have different opinions in organizing class activities,but we can discuss together to make them better. 【答案】may 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：我们在组织班级活动方面可以有不同的意见，但是我们可以一起讨论使活动变得更好。分析句子结构可知，此处应为情态动词表推测的用法，结合句意可知，该句表示的是对现在情况不确定性的一种推测，所以使用“may+动词原形”结构。故填may。 6.Class activities will vary from day to day, but students be ready to complete short inclass writings. 【答案】must 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：课堂活动每天都不同，但学生必须准备好完成短篇当堂作文。根据“be ready to complete short in class writings(准备好完成短篇当堂作文)”可推理出空白处应填表示“必须”含义的情态动词，用must。故填must。 7．In many schools, students use mobile phones during class time according to the regulations. 【答案】mustn’t 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：在许多学校，根据规定，学生不能在上课时间使用手机。根据“according to the regulations”可知，句子表达的是学校规则对学生的限制，指“禁止使用手机”，应用表示“禁止”的情态动词否定式mustn’t。故填mustn’t。 8．If a wisdom tooth brings you too much pain, you go to a dentist (牙医) and have it pulled out.   【答案】should 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：如果一颗智齿给你带来太多疼痛，你应该去看牙医并把它拔掉。根据常识，当智齿带来太多疼痛时，应该去看牙医并拔掉，用情态动词should表示“应该”，符合语境。故填should。 9．One of our rules is that every student wear school uniforms while at school. 【答案】shall 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：我们的规定之一是每个学生上学时都必须穿校服。根据句意，“每个学生上学时都必须穿校服”是一种必须，用情态动词shall表示“命令或规定”。故填shall。 10．Interested in painting, he paint with pen and paper after work, gradually cultivating himself into a self-taught painter. 【答案】would 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：他对绘画很感兴趣，下班后常常会用笔和纸画画，逐渐把自己培养成一个自学成才的画家。根据句意gradually cultivating himself into a self-taught painter可知，此处应用would，表示过去的习惯或者反复性的动作。故填would。 11．With more practice in oral English conversations every day, he (express) his ideas fluently and confidently in the international exchange activity last week. 【答案】could have expressed 【解析】考查情态动词+have done。句意：随着每天对英语口语对话进行更多的练习，他本可以在上周的国际交流活动中流利且自信地表达自己的想法。设空处应填谓语动词形式，根据时间状语“last week”可知，此处表达的是对过去的推测，即“他本来有能力做到但实际上没有做到”这种含义，所以要用“could have done”结构。故填could have expressed。 12．The room is spotless. Someone (clean) it thoroughly before we arrived. 【答案】must have cleaned 【解析】考查情态动词表推测。 句意：这个房间一尘不染。我们到达之前，一定有人把它彻底打扫过了。 根据前句 “The room is spotless”的语境，可推测此处是对过去发生事情的肯定推测，用must have done结构。 故填must have cleaned。 13．We lost our way in that small village; otherwise we would (visit) more places of interest yesterday. 【答案】have visited 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我们在那个小村子迷路了，否则昨天我们会参观更多的名胜古迹。结合语境和otherwise可知，此处为含蓄虚拟语气，陈述与过去相反的事实，表示“本会做某事（而未做）”应用would have done。故填have visited。 14．The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I needn't （take）my umbrella with me. 【答案】have taken 【解析】考查情态动词+have done。句意：昨天天气很好。我本不需要带雨伞。结合句意可知，needn't have done“本来没有必要做某事，最后却做了”符合题意，故填have taken。 15．Had I created all my characters and places upfront, I may (ruin) the whole thing. 【答案】have ruined 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我一开始就创造了所有的角色和地点，我可能会毁了整个游戏。由Had I和句意可知，句子是对过去的虚拟，主句用“情态动词+have done”，因此空格处是have ruined。故填have ruined。 16．This meeting room is a non-smoking area. I would like to warn you in advance that if you smoked here you (fine). 【答案】would be fined 【解析】考查虚拟语气和语态。句意：这个会议室是无烟区域。我想提前警告你：如果你在这里吸烟，会被罚款。题干中的if you smoked here是虚拟语气的条件句，表示与现在相反的假设，主句用would do形式，主语you和fine是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填would be fined。 17．If I (have) a chance to live my life again, I would go to university because I had a dream to become an engineer when I was young. 【答案】had 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我能有机会重新过我的生活，我会去上大学，因为我年轻时的梦想是成为一名工程师。根据句意以及主句谓语动词“would go to”可知，此处表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句谓语动词用一般过去时。故填had。 18．It is required that the students not use mobile phones in their school, so seldom will you see them using one. 【答案】should 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：学校要求学生不应该在学校里使用手机，所以你很少看到他们使用。在“It is required that...”句型中，“that”引导的主语从句需用虚拟语气，即：“(should+)动词原形”，故答案是should。 19．It is time that we (take) effective measures to stop the situation from going from bad to worse. 【答案】took/should take 【解析】考查动词短语和虚拟语气用法。句意：该是我们采取有效措施阻止形势进一步恶化的时候了。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语take measures to do“采取措施做某事”，满足句意要求，结合句子结构可知，该句为It is time that…的虚拟语气固定句型，所以此处应为虚拟语气用法，即谓语动词用一般过去时或者should do形式。故填took/should take。 20．But for the help of my English teacher, I would not (win) the first prize in the English Writing Competition. 【答案】have won 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是我的英语老师的帮助, 我不会在英语写作比赛中获得第一名。根据句意及But for可知，本题是表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，主句使用would (not) have done结构。故填have won。 02情态动词和虚拟语气考点综合练 1．He ______ speak English fluently, but he doesn’t have the confidence to talk with foreigners. A．can B．could C．may D．must 【答案】A 【解析】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：他能流利地说英语，但没有信心和外国人交流。A. can能，会（侧重“具备某种能力”，用于现在时态）；B. could能，会（是 can 的过去式，侧重“过去的能力”，或用于委婉语气）；C. may可能，或许（侧重“推测可能性”，或表示“允许”）；D. must必须，一定（侧重“义务要求”或“肯定推测”）。根据“speak English fluently (流利地说英语)”可知，此处强调“现在具备的能力”，can符合语境。故选A项。 2．（2025·天津市河北区高三下学期总复习质量检测二模）When drafting essays, you pay too much attention to logical flow — unclear connections confuse readers. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．shouldn’t 【答案】C 【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：在起草文章时，你再怎么注重逻辑连贯性也不为过——不清晰的衔接会使读者困惑。A. mustn’t禁止；B. needn’t不必；C. can’t不能，与too much连用表示“再……也不为过”；D. shouldn’t不应该。根据下文“unclear connections confuse readers(不清晰的衔接会使读者困惑)”可知，因为不清晰的衔接会使读者困惑，所以在起草文章时，非常有必要注重逻辑连贯性，用can’t...too much来表示这种强烈的必要性，故选C项。 3．（2026·天津市河西区北师大天津附属中学高三月考）Depression, a mental problem that often results from fierce competition and great pressures in life, ________ be a destructive illness if not treated properly. A．must B．should C．need D．can 【答案】D 【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：抑郁症是一种常常由生活中的激烈竞争和巨大压力导致的心理问题，如果治疗不当，它可能会成为一种具有破坏性的疾病。A. must必须，一定；B. should应该；C. need需要；D. can能，可能。根据“a mental problem that often results from fierce competition and great pressures in life”以及“if not treated properly”可知，抑郁症本身是一种心理问题，但在特定情况下（治疗不当）有成为具有破坏性疾病的可能性。can在这里表示理论上的可能性，符合语境。而must表示肯定的推测，语气过于绝对；should表示应该，不符合句意；need表示需要，也不符合语境。故选D项。 4．Mr. Wang ________ have thought the car was worth the money paid, or he would not have spent so much money on such an expensive sports car. A．could B．shall C．can D．must 【答案】D 【解析】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：王先生一定认为这辆车值得花这个钱，否则他不会花这么多钱买这么贵的跑车。A. could可能；能够；可以（表示请求）B. shall将（与I和we连用，表示意欲做某事或将要发生的事）；C. can可能；能够；可以（表示请求）D. must必须；一定（表示有把握，有根据的推测）。根据后半句，王先生买了一辆昂贵的跑车，可推断前半句表示，有把握的，肯定的推测，即王先生一定认为钱花的值。Must have done“一定已经做了（表示对过去某事肯定的推测）”，故选D项。 5．（2025·天津市第四中学高三月考）The new supermarket announced that the first to purchase goods on the opening day ______ get a big prize. A．shall B．may C．need D．must 【答案】A 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：这家新开的超市宣布，第一个在开业当天购买商品的人将获得大奖。A. shall将要；B. may能、也许；C. need需要；D. must必须。shall用于陈述句中的第二、三人称，表示说话人的意图、允诺、警告、命令、决心等，此处表示超市的规定，即允诺。故选A。 6．Whenever I visited my grandmother’s house, I ______ rush to the kitchen for the stinky tofu with excitement. A．shall B．would C．must D．may 【答案】B 【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：从那时起，每当我去奶奶家，我都会兴奋地冲进厨房吃臭豆腐。A. shall将要，用于一般将来时；B. would将会；C. must必须；D. may可能。根据上文“Whenever I visited my grandmother’s house”可知，此处主句为过去将来时，为would+动词原形。故选B。 7．List all the positive things you’ve done for others. It ________ be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. A．might B．need C．should D．would 【答案】A 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：列出所有你为别人做过的积极的事。这可能是你帮朋友做作业的时候，也可能是你在没有人要求的情况下熨衣服的时候，或者是你在家人累了一天后烤饼干的时候。A. might可能；B. need需要；C. should应该；D. would将会。根据“List all the positive things you’ve done for others.”可知，列举自己为他人做的积极事情，可能会是帮助朋友做作业的时候。这里需要使用表示可能性的词语。might表示可能性，在此处表示“可能，或许”。故选A项。 8．（2025·天津市部分区期中）There are many requirements that ________ be met before a sport can be considered by the international Olympic Committee (IOC) . A．need B．can C．must D．will 【答案】C 【解析】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：在国际奥委会考虑一项运动之前，有许多要求必须满足。A. need需要；B. can能够；C. must必须；D. will将，会。结合常识和“before a sport can be considered by the international Olympic Committee”可知，在国际奥委会考虑一项运动之前，有一些“必须”要满足的要求，must符合题意。故选C项。 9．（2025·上海市杨浦区复旦大学附属中学期中）It is a truth universally acknowledged, ______ anyone calls success ______ have its roots in effort, experience, or opportunity—it does not come from nowhere. A．what; might B．that what; must C．what; must D．that what; might 【答案】B 【解析】考查名词性从句和情态动词辨析。句意：这是一条举世公认的真理：任何人所说的成功都必须植根于努力、经验或机遇——它不是凭空而来的。It是形式主语，从句结构、意义完整，应用that引导主语从句，that引导的主语从句中又包含一个主语从句，引导词在从句中作calls的宾语，指物，应用what引导，结合“it does not come from nowhere”可知，成功不是凭空而来的，故第二空表示成功都必须植根于努力、经验或机遇，使用must，might表示的可能性较小，不符合题意，故选B。 10．William ________ be in the library at the moment, for I saw him playing basketball in the playground several minutes ago. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．wouldn’t 【答案】A 【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：威廉此刻不可能在图书馆，因为几分钟前我还看见他在操场上打篮球。A. can’t不可能；B. mustn’t禁止；C. needn’t不必；D. wouldn’t不会。根据后文“for I saw him playing basketball in the playground several minutes ago”指不可能在图书馆里，应用can’t。故选A。 11．Mike ________ come to see me this afternoon. I don’t want to go window shopping with you in case he comes. A．can B．must C．may D．will 【答案】C 【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：迈克下午可能来看我，我不想和你一起去购物以防他来。can表示推测，往往用于否定句或疑问句；must表示非常有把握的肯定性推测；may表示可能；will表示意愿。根据题意“ in case he comes”可知，以防他会来，是一种不确定的猜测，用may合适。故选C。 12．Now most young people like shopping online because they ________ spend a lot of time going from shop to shop. A．needn't B．can't C．mustn't D．shouldn't 【答案】A 【解析】考查情态动词用法。句意：现在大部分年轻人喜欢在线购物，因为他们不必花大量时间从一个商店逛到另一个商店。A. needn't不必；B. can't不能；C. mustn't不准；D. shouldn't不应该。结合句意可知，此处是指通过在线购物，很多年轻人就没有花大量时间逛商店的必要了。故选A。 13．Next time, read the small print in the document before you sign it. You ________ make the same mistake again. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．don’t have to D．wouldn’t 【答案】A 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：下次，在你签署文件之前，先看看上面的小字。你不允许再犯同样的错误了。A. mustn't禁止；B.needn't没必要；C.don't have to不必；D.wouldn't不愿意。根据句意可知，此处表示禁止在犯同样的错误，故选A。 14．The astronauts performed their tasks so excellent. They ______ hard for their duty. A．should practice B．must have practiced C．might practice D．could have practiced 【答案】B 【解析】考查情态动词用法辨析。句意：宇航员们出色地完成了他们的任务。他们一定为了他们的职责进行了刻苦训练。A. should practice应该练习；B. must have practiced一定进行了练习(对过去事情的肯定推测)；C. might practice可能练习(表示可能性较小的推测)；D. could have practiced本可以练习(表示过去有能力做某事却没做)。根据“The astronauts performed their tasks so excellent”可推知，宇航员们出色完成任务，背后肯定是经过了刻苦训练的，这是对过去发生事情的肯定推测。所以用“must have practiced”符合语境。故选B项。 15．I advise you to stay away from Mary. Although she is usually easy-going, she ______be quite annoying sometimes. A．can B．need C．must D．should 【答案】A 【解析】考查情态动词用法。句意：我劝你离玛丽远点。虽然她通常很随和，但有时也很烦人。A. can有时会；B. need需要；C. must必须；D. should应该。根据“Although she is usually easy-going”可知，此处应用情态动词can表示“有时会”。故选A。 16．（2026·天津市河北区高三期中）It was extremely frustrating because the new security system _________ recognise my fingerprints, no matter how many times I tried. A．wouldn’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t 【答案】A 【解析】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：这非常令人沮丧，因为无论我试多少次，这个新的安全系统就是不识别我的指纹。A. wouldn’t（过去）总是不、就是不；B. needn’t不必（表没有必要）；C. mustn’t禁止（表强烈禁止）；D. shouldn’t不应该（表责任或建议）。根据“no matter how many times I tried”可知，此处强调反复尝试后的结果，“It was extremely frustrating”说明系统持续无法识别指纹，所以“wouldn’t”符合“系统始终不识别指纹”的语境。故选A项。 17．（2026·天津市第一中学高三期中）In his childhood, my grandfather ______ sit under the old apple tree for hours, listening to stories told by the village elders. A．would B．should C．could D．shall 【答案】A 【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：在我祖父的童年时期，他会坐在那棵古老的苹果树下，一坐就是好几个小时，聆听村里的长辈们讲述的故事。A. would将会，可用于描述过去经常性、习惯性的动作；B. should表“应该”或“竟然”，无“过去习惯”含义；C. could表“过去能够”，强调“能力”；D. shall多用于第一人称表“将要”或“建议”。句意为“祖父童年时，常常在那棵老苹果树下坐几个小时，听村里的长辈讲故事。”would精准传达“过去反复发生的习惯性动作”。故选A。 18．Jack’s father, who is British, has come to love hot pot! But there are still some dishes that he ________ not try even after many years of marriage to his Chinese mother. A．must B．will C．need D．dare 【答案】D 【解析】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：杰克的父亲是英国人，他已经爱上了火锅！但是，即使与杰克的中国母亲结婚多年，仍有一些菜肴他不敢尝试。A. must必须；B. will要，将；C. need需要；D. dare敢。根据表示转折的“But”和“not try”可推知，情态动词dare“敢”符合题意，表示虽然杰克的父亲已经爱上火锅，但仍有一些菜肴不敢尝试。故选D。 17．Most of the big hotels in Shanghai were full last week, but finally we______find a room in a small one. A．ought to B．could C．were able to D．might 【答案】C 【解析】试题分析：be able to 表示经过努力能够做某事儿。句意为：上周，上海的大部分大宾馆都住满了，但我们最后还是在一家小宾馆里找到了一个房间。其它意思均不符合。 考点：本题考查情态动词的用法 19．（2026·天津市滨海新区塘沽一中高三月考）According to a newly released regulation on online video services, no one ________ generate, release or spread fake news or information by using such technologies. A．can B．shall C．need D．would 【答案】B 【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意：根据新发布的网络视频服务规定，任何人不得利用此类技术生成、发布或传播虚假新闻或信息。根据语意可知，此处指“regulation (规定)”中的禁止性条款，情态动词“shall”用于第二、第三人称陈述句时，可表法律、规定中的“命令、禁止或义务”，符合“规定禁止任何人做某事”的正式语境；“can”表示能力或可能性，“need”表示需要，“would”表示过去的意愿或习惯，均与语境不符。故选B项。 20．（2026·天津市南开区南开大学附属中学高三上学期开学）According to the traffic regulations, all the vehicles on the streets________ come to a full stop on seeing the red lights and put way to those walking by. A．will B．shall C．can D．may 【答案】B 【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：根据交通法规，街上所有车辆在看到红灯时必须完全停车，并为过路行人让行。A. will表示主观意愿或未来动作，无强制含义。B. shall在法规条文中表示强制性义务，意为“必须”。C. can表示能力或可能性。D. may表示许可或推测。交通法规条文要求使用shall表达法律强制性义务，排除表意愿（will）、能力（can）或许可（may）的选项。故选B。 21．It was annoying that the engine ________ start in the freezing weather no matter how hard he tried! A．couldn’t B．wouldn’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t 【答案】B 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：不管他怎么努力，引擎在这么冷的天气里就是发动不起来，真烦人！A. couldn’t不能够，侧重于能力上做不到；B. wouldn’t（过去持续的某种倾向）老是不，总是不；C. shouldn’t不应该；D. needn’t不必。根据“no matter how hard he tried!”可知，强调尽管努力了，但发动机就是发动不起来，有一种顽固、不情愿的意味。故选B。 22．Some aspects of a pilot’s job__________ be boring, and pilots often ________ work at inconvenient hours． A．can; have to B．may; can C．have to; may D．ought to; must 【答案】A 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：飞行员的工作有些方面可能很乏味，而且飞行员常常不得不在很不适宜的时候工作。第一空表示在某种情况下“可能会”，用can; 第二空表示客观情况下“必须”，用have to。故选A。 23．The little child ________ go out alone at night, so he ________ walk in the dark that night. A．doesn't dare to; dared not to B．daren't to; didn't dare to C．daren't; dared not D．doesn't dare to; dare not 【答案】C 【解析】选C　考查dare的用法。句意：那个小孩晚上不敢独自外出，所以那晚他不敢在黑暗中行走。dare既可作实义动词，也可作情态动词，作实义动词时，一般用dare to do sth.，在否定句和疑问句中to可省略，作情态动词时，后接动词原形。分析各个选项可排除A、B两项，再根据句中的that night可知，第二空应用一般过去时，排除D项。 24．（2026·天津市第四十七中学期中）—Look! The light in the dormitory is still on. —Lucas ________ have forgotten to turn it off when he left as he was the last one to leave the dormitory. A．must B．would C．could D．should 【答案】A 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：——看！宿舍的灯还亮着。——Lucas一定是最后一个离开宿舍的，所以他离开的时候忘记关了。A. must have done一定做过某事；B. would have done本来会去做某事（却没做）；C. could have done本来能做某事（而未做）；D. should have done本来应该做某事（而未做）。根据“The light in the dormitory is still on.”和“when he left as he was the last one to leave the dormitory.”可知，灯还亮着以及Lucas是最后一个离开的情况，推测他一定是忘了关灯。故选A。 25．（2026·天津市武清区英华实验学校高三月考）What a shame! Considering his competence and experience, he ________ have performed better in the World Adolescent Robotics Competition. A．might B．must C．can D．need 【答案】A 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：真可惜！考虑到他的能力和经验，他在世界青少年机器人比赛中本可能会表现得更好。A. might have done或许已经做某事，表示对过去事情的可能性推测；B. must have done一定已经做过某事，用于对过去事情的肯定推测；C. can have done可能已经做过某事，表示对过去事情的推测；D. need have done本需要做某事，但实际上没做。根据“Considering his competence and experience”可知，考虑到他的能力和经验，推测他在比赛中或许本可以表现得更好。故选A。 26．（2025·天津市天津市河东区二模）My sister met Jim at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he ______ have attended your lecture. A．couldn’t B．shouldn’t C．needn’t D．mustn’t 【答案】A 【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：我姐姐昨天下午在大剧院遇见了吉姆，所以他不可能参加了你的讲座。A. couldn’t不能； B. shouldn’t不应该； C. needn’t 不必；D. mustn’t禁止。由句意和My sister met Jim at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon可知，这里考查couldn’t have done，表示对过去事情的否定推测，意为“不可能做过某事”。故选A项。 27．（2025·天津市部分区高三第二次模拟）Tom’s bedroom is still in a mess. He ________ have cleaned it as he promised yesterday, but he didn’t. A．need B．should C．must D．might 【答案】B 【解析】考查情态动词+have done。句意：Tom的卧室仍然一团糟。他昨天承诺本应该要打扫的，但他没有打扫。A. need需要；B. should应该；C. must必须；D. might可能。根据“but he didn’t.”可知，他昨天承诺本应该要打扫的。should have done 表示“本应该做某事（但实际没做）”。故选B项。 28．I ______ my friends and relatives during the Spring Festivals, but I had to stay home because of COVID-19 outbreak. A．should visit B．might visit C．would have visited D．must have visited 【答案】C 【解析】考查情态动词+have done。句意：春节期间我本来想走亲访友，但是因为COVID-19疫情的爆发，我只好呆在家里。would have done是一个固定虚拟语气的用法。表示对过去事情的假设，意为“本来想做、要做但没做”。根据句意可知是对过去的假设，应用would have done。故选C项。 29．During our trip to the Great Wall last week, I couldn’t stop thinking about how huge a project it ________ have been to build it in ancient times. A．must B．could C．should D．need 【答案】A 【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：上周我们去长城的时候，我一直在想，在古代修建长城一定是一项多么浩大的工程啊。A. must必须，一定；B. could可以；C. should应该；D. need需要。结合句意及“to build it in ancient times”可知，此处表示对过去肯定的推测，指在古代修建长城一定是一项非常浩大的工程，故选A。 30．He___________the project on time, but he didn’t put in enough effort and missed the deadline by two days. A．must have finished B．could have finished C．needn’t have finished D．can’t have finished 【答案】B 【解析】考查情态动词+have done。句意：他本来可以按时完成这个项目的，但是他没有付出足够的努力，比最后期限晚了两天。A. must have finished一定已经完成；B. could have finished本能够完成，带有遗憾或责备的意味；C. needn’t have finished本不必完成；D. can’t have finished不可能已经完成。根据“but he didn’t put in enough effort and missed the deadline by two days.”可知，他本可以按时完成这个项目。故选B。 31．For more than 30 years, scientists have been arguing about how rainforests like the Amazon ________ to the cold, dry climates of the ice ages, but until now, no one has reached a satisfactory answer. A．might react B．should have reached C．must react D．might have reacted 【答案】D 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：30多年来，科学家们一直在争论像亚马逊这样的热带雨林是如何形成冰河期寒冷干燥气候的，但直到现在，还没有人得出令人满意的答案。根据“For more than 30 years”和“no one has reached a satisfactory answer”可知，此处表示对过去事实可能性的推测，谓语动词需用might have done。故选D。 32．“If I hadn’t practiced when I was younger,” the musician says, “I ____________able to play so well now.” A．wouldn’t be B．won’t be C．wouldn’t have been D．couldn’t have been 【答案】A 【解析】考查错综时间的虚拟语气。句意：音乐家说：“如果我年轻时没有练习，我现在就不能弹得这么好了。”根据句子“If I hadn’t practiced when I was younger”可知，从句是对过去事实进行了虚拟，又根据主句中的时间状语now可知，本句是错综时间的虚拟语气，主句是对现在事实的虚拟，所以要用would/could/should/might+ do这一结构。故选A。 33．_______ for his unexpected invitation last week, I wouldn’t be standing here today, making small talks with this buzzing crowd of strangers who _______ come out for the special occasion — an unimaginable scenario for an introvert like me. A．Were it not; have B．Had it not been; has C．Were it not; has D．Had it not been; have 【答案】D 【解析】考查虚拟语气和主谓一致。句意：若不是因为他上周的意外邀请，我今天就不会站在这里，和这群为特殊场合蜂拥而至的陌生人寒暄——对于像我这样的内向者来说，这简直是不可想象的场景。根据“last week”可知，第一空表示的是与过去事实相反的假设，因此需用过去完成时的虚拟语气had it not been；who引导定语从句，先行词strangers是复数，因此动词需用复数形式。故选D。 34．Had the calculations been done by hand, all practical value ______ by the time they were finished. A．had lost B．would lose C．would have lost D．should have lost 【答案】C 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果这些计算是手工完成的，那么到计算完成时，所有的实用价值都将丧失。 根据句意及“Had the calculations been done by hand”可知，此题涉及到省略if的条件状语从句的虚拟语气；根据“had been done”可知，该句是对过去情况的虚拟，所以主句要用would/coould/should/might have done；根据句意，此处意指“实用价值就会丧失”。故选C项。 35．But for my casual attitude, I wouldn’t have been dismissed and ________ with my colleagues on the project now. A．might have worked B．would be working C．were to work D．had worked 【答案】B 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是我的随意态度，我不会被解雇，并且现在会和我的同事一起工作。结合语意可知，由于随意的态度，我已经被解雇，现在没有和同事一起工作，所以“现在会和我的同事一起工作”是非真实情况，应用虚拟语气；且本句为错综时间条件句，根据句中now可知，空处是对现在的虚拟，谓语动词应用would be working。故选B项。 36．It’s most urgent that the all the shops in the U.S _____ because of the increasingly confirmed Covid-19 cases. A．are closed B．should close C．be closed D．have been closed 【答案】C 【解析】考查虚拟语气和语态。句意：最紧迫的是，由于新冠肺炎确诊病例越来越多，美国所有的商店都应该关闭。在固定句型it is urgent that sb./sth. (should) do sth.(做……是很紧迫的)中，that所引导的主语从句要用(should) do这一虚拟语气结构；主语all the shops和谓语colse之间是被动关系，所以此处为(should) be closed。故选C。 37．It’s a pity that such a talent as Jerry ______ leave his favourite work in that company. A．need B．could C．should D．may 【答案】C 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：像杰瑞这样的人才竟然离开了他最喜欢的工作，真是太遗憾了。“It is a pity+that从句”意为“竟然；居然”时，表示出乎意料的事情，that后的从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should+动词原形”。故选C。 38．It is required that a note book ______ within easy reach in case you have something important to take down during the class. A．is put B．be put C．was put D．put 【答案】B 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：要求把笔记本放在触手可及的地方，以防你在课堂上有重要的事情要记下来。本题考查固定句式It is required that...，表示“要求……”，that引导的主语从句中要用虚拟语气，即：should+动词原形，should 可以省略，在that从句中，主语a note book与动词put构成动宾关系，需用被动语态，故填should be put，should可以省略。故选B项。 39．My suggestion is that more people from all walks of life________ to finance the project with their deeper love for these children. A．be encouraged B．are encouraged C．were encouraged D．should encourage 【答案】A 【解析】考查虚拟语态。句意：我的建议是，更多各行各业的人们被鼓励用他们对这些孩子更深的爱来资助这个项目。suggestion后的表语that从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可省。且主语people与encourage是被动关系，故选A。 40．I can’t stand the young man sitting in the front. He always talks as though he ________ everything. A．knew B．knows C．has known D．had known 【答案】A 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我不能忍受坐在前面的那个年轻人。他说起话来总是好像什么都知道似的。分析句子，句中as though意为“似乎，好像”，后面的内容表示与现在事实相反，即对现在的虚拟，故用一般过去时。故选A。 （情态动词和虚拟语气考点语篇练）1 Tom and Peter are twins. They look as if they 1.__________ (be) the same person. Both the two boys are smart, but Tom is hard－working while Peter is lazy. Tom always wins the first place in the exams while Peter doesn't. However, people believe if Peter 2.__________ (work) as hard as Tom, he would do as well as his brother in his study. At home, their parents suggest that they 3.__________ (finish) their homework before playing computer games. But Peter insists that it 4.__________ (be) OK to play games first as long as he can hand in his homework in time. Their mother gives in in the end. One day, when doing his homework, Tom found he made a serious mistake. So he put his exercise book aside and used another one. When Peter found the previous exercise book, he struck out Tom's name and signed his name on its cover happily, and handed it in as his own homework the next day. When the teacher told the truth to the twins' mother, She was very angry and shouted at Peter, “How I wish you 5.__________ (be) as diligent as your brother! Now it's time that I 6.__________ (give) you a good lesson. And you 7.__________ play any computer games for a month！” “Oh, no! Mom. 8.__________ a computer for such a long time, I would die. I would rather you 9.__________ (ask) me to do the dishes for a month alone.” Peter was upset. “If you 10.__________ (finish) your homework on time yesterday, you wouldn't be punished now，” said the mother. 1．were　此处应用虚拟语气，主句谓语动词look与as if从句谓语动词be没有先后顺序，故设空处用were。 2．worked　句意：人们认为如果彼得像汤姆那样努力学习，在学习上他会和汤姆一样好。根据句意可知if从句为表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，故答案为worked。 3．(should)finish　suggest作“建议”讲，后面宾语从句的谓语动词需用“should＋动词原形”，其中should可以省略。 4．is　本句中的insist意为“坚持认为”，故用陈述语气。当insist作“坚决要求”讲时才用虚拟语气，即其宾语从句的谓语动词为“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。 5．were　wish后的宾语从句是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，故填were。 6．gave/should give　“It is time＋that从句”，that从句的谓语动词用过去式或should＋动词原形。 7．mustn't此处表示“禁止”，故答案为mustn't。 8．Without句意：如果那么长时间不玩电脑，我会死掉的。 9．asked　由would rather sb did sth可知填asked。 10．had finished　本句中的if从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故答案为had finished。 （情态动词和虚拟语气考点语篇练）2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·福建省厦门双十中学高三期中） My time in a remote village, where official data suggested a significant portion of its population 1 (contract) malaria by the time we arrived, left a lasting mark on my worldview. Our mission — defined not merely by providing medical 2 (consult) but by a deeper purpose—demanded profound cultural sensitivity and a willingness to listen. One particularly afternoon, 3 (distribute) mosquito nets and vital medical supplies, we negotiated a winding path toward a community where 4 disabled and elderly received minimal care. When we finally arrived, what greeted us was a world so different from 5 (we). The sight of the main street, 6 (jam) with vibrant market stalls and filled with the murmur of chatting locals, struck me with unexpected force. It was this direct immersion into their daily existence — a privilege I had never anticipated — 7 made me profoundly wish the wider world could understand the quiet dignity of their struggle. Our team leader then insisted that a comprehensive and empathetic report 8 (write) to capture these subtle, vital details. He argued, and rightly so, that 9 a document that conveyed not just statistics but human stories, our efforts would have been incomplete. Reflecting on the entire experience, I often think: 10 it not been for our persistent on-the-ground efforts, the local health situation would not have improved so markedly and this hard-won bond of trust, so delicate in its early stages, might never have taken root and grown as it did. 【答案】 1．had contracted 2．consultation 3．to distribute 4．the 5．ours 6．jammed 7．that 8．should be written/be written 9．without 10．Had 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在一个偏远村庄的医疗援助经历，强调了文化敏感性和倾听的重要性，以及这段经历对作者世界观的深远影响。 1．考查时态。句意：我在一个偏远村庄的时光给我的世界观留下了持久的印记，官方数据显示，在我们到达时，该村很大一部分人口已经感染了疟疾。根据时间状语by the time we arrived可知，contract“感染”发生在arrived之前，表示“过去的过去”，时态用过去完成时，从句谓语用had contracted。故填had contracted。 2．考查名词。句意：我们的使命——不仅仅定义为提供医疗咨询，而是有更深的目的——需要深刻的文化敏感性和倾听的意愿。本空作动词provide的宾语，用名词consultation“咨询”。故填consultation。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：一个特别的下午，为了分发蚊帐和重要医疗用品，我们沿着一条蜿蜒的小路前往一个残疾人和老年人得到最低限度照顾的社区。本句已有谓语negotiated，动词distribute“分发”用非谓语形式，表示目的，用不定式形式，作目的状语。故填to distribute。 4．考查冠词。句意同上。“定冠词the+形容词”表示一类人，the disabled and elderly“残疾人和老年人”。故填the。 5．考查代词。句意：当我们最终到达时，迎接我们的是一个与我们截然不同的世界。本空作from的宾语，用名词性物主代词ours，指代“our world”。故填ours。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：看到主街上挤满了热闹的市场摊位，充满了当地人聊天的低语声，我感到出乎意料的震撼。本句谓语为struck，此处为非谓语动词，主 the main street与jam“挤满”之间为被动关系，用过去分词，作后置定语。故填jammed。 7．考查强调句。句意：正是这种直接融入他们日常生活的经历——一种我从未预料到的特权——让我深切地希望更广阔的世界能够理解他们斗争中那份安静的尊严。因此本句是强调句，强调句型为：It is/was+被强调部分+that+句子其他部分，此处强调主语this direct immersion into their daily existence-a privilege I had never anticipated，用that。故填that。 8．考查虚拟语气。句意：我们的团队负责人坚持要写一份全面而富有同情心的报告，以捕捉这些微妙而重要的细节。insist表示“坚持要求”，后接宾语从句时，从句用虚拟语气，谓语用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略，从句主语report与write是被动关系，用被动语态(should) be written。故填(should) be written。 9．考查介词。句意：他争辩说，如果没有一份不仅传达统计数据，还传达人类故事的文件，我们的努力将是不完整的。表示“没有”用介词without。故填without。 10．考查虚拟语气。句意：回顾整个经历，我常常想：如果不是我们坚持不懈的实地努力，当地的健康状况不会如此显著改善，这种来之不易的信任纽带，在初期如此脆弱，可能永远不会像现在这样生根发芽。此处为虚拟语气的倒装结构，相当于If it had not been for...，省略if后，将had提前。故填Had。 单句语法填空 1.(2024年1月浙江高考卷) However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes 61 (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day. 【答案】be offered 【解析】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：然而，虽然一包香肠能便宜几美分是件好事，但如果有时能以小包装出售，那就更好了。动词offer意为“提供”，和主语构成被动关系，主语they代指前文中的sausages。在情态动词could后动词应用原形。故填be offered。 2．(2024·全国甲卷)What should 45 （do）with such a beautiful place? 【答案】be done 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：对于这样一个美丽的地方，我们应该做些什么呢？主语what指物，与谓语动词do是被动关系，情态动词should后接be done构成被动语态，故填be done。 3.(2023年全国甲卷) Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still ______ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.  【答案】be employed 【解析】考查情态动词和动词语态。句意:Carson证明了一种被传承了多年的简单的文学形式依然能在今天被利用以引起人们对重要真理的注意。此处从句的主语是a simple literary form,这里指这种文学形式被利用。又因为空处在情态动词can后面。故填be employed。 4．（2019江苏卷）What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _______ (have) a good time together. 【答案】would have had 【解析】would have had考查虚拟语气。句意：真遗憾！你错过了这次观光，否则，我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光的。根据上文，可知是对过去事情的虚拟，与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故填would have had。 5.（2018天津卷）I can't find my purse. I could ___________(leave) it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure. 【答案】have left 【解析】考查情态动词表推测和虚拟语气。句意：我不能找到我的钱包了，昨天我有可能把它落到超市了，但我不确定。根据句中时间状语yesterday可知，是对过去事情的推测，故用情态动词+ have done，再根据后句but I’m not sure.可知，此推测为不能肯定的推测，故用情态动词could，表示“可能”。故填have left。 6.（2018天津卷）If we ___________the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach 【答案】 had caught 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我们昨天赶上飞机的话，现在我们正在海滩享受我们的假日了。根据时间状语yesterday可知，从句表示与过去事实相反，故用had + v-ed。故填had caught。 7．(2022·北京高考)He ________ have been waiting there for quite a while! 【答案】must 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：他肯定等了很久，表示十分肯定的猜测。故填must。 8．(2021·天津高考)It used to be that you ________ drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now there are houses and people everywhere. 【答案】could 【解析】查情态动词。句意：以前你可能在这里开车走了几英里，都看不到人，但现在到处都是房子和人。此处表示对过去情况的推测，意为“可能”，应用could。故填could。 9.(2022·全国甲卷)In humans, babies ________ put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes. 【答案】can 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：在人类中，婴儿从一岁左右就可以把一个圆形的物品放进一个圆洞里。表示“可以，能够”用can。故填can。 10.（2020江苏卷）If I hadn’t been faced with so many barriers, I ______________(be) where I am. 【答案】wouldn’t be 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我没有面对那么多的障碍，我现在就不会在这里。分析句子成分可知，此处是错综时间虚拟语气，根据空后where I am可知，此处是与现在事实相反的假设，主句谓语动词应使用would/could/might/should + do。故填wouldn’t be。 1 / 25 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $