Unit 4 Natural disasters Reading and thinking 课件-2025-2026学年人教版高中英语必修第一册

该高中英语课件围绕唐山大地震主题，系统呈现地震前的预警信号、地震中的破坏及灾后的救援与复兴，通过图片导入猜测灾害、标题修辞预测（拟人手法）及5W问题搭建学习支架，帮助学生逐步梳理文本结构与核心事件。 其亮点在于融合语言能力（分析拟人等修辞、概括段落主旨）、思维品质（按时间顺序梳理事件逻辑）和文化意识（体现团结复兴精神），如通过“Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves”明喻分析提升表达，结合自评表检测目标达成。采用预测-速读-细读-讨论流程，学生提升综合语言运用能力，教师获得结构化教学支持。

The NIGHT THE ERATH DIDN’T SLEEP Unit 4 Natural Disasters ---Reading and thinking 首先是对建筑的摧毁，使人们失去居住场所，也催毁了这个地方的经济发展，再一个是对人本身的摧毁，使人们失去亲人，在心理上受到伤害。 Learning Objectives By the end of this class, I will be able to: summarize the main idea and the structure of the text through skimming(略读) ; describe what happened before, during and after Tangshan earthquake by retelling. express opinions on how to protect ourselves and survive in an earthquake after group discussion. Describe a natural disaster. P50 1976年7月28日凌晨3时42分53秒，中国河北省唐山、丰南一带发生7.8级地震。强震产生的能量相当于400颗广岛原子弹爆炸。23秒内，百年唐山被夷为平地，242769人丧生，164851人伤残。 At 3:42:53 a.m. on July 28, 1976, a 7.8-magnitude earthquake struck Tangshan and Fengnan in Hebei province. The powerful earthquake generated the energy of 400 Hiroshima atomic bombs. In 23 seconds, the century-old Tangshan was leveled, 242,769 people were killed and 164,851 were injured. Tangshan Earthquake Road People Building Lead-in Look at the pictures and guess a disaster? A big earthquake Natural disasters are destructive (破坏性的) and scary(恐怖的), it can cause a lot of d_________. damage Look at the title and the pictures to predict. Make a prediction When? What? A big___________(what)struck sp. _________(when). earthquake at night Who? figure of speech (修辞手法) A. simile(明喻) B. personification (拟人) C. exaggeration (夸张) Find the main idea and the topic sentence of each paragraph. The first and last sentences of each paragraph usually give us the main idea. Para.1 Para.2 Para.3 Para.4 Para.5 The happening of the big earthquake. The rescue work after the earthquake The damage of the big earthquake. The revival of the city. Warning signs before the earthquake. The revival of the city after the earthquake. Para.1 Para.2 Para.3 Para.4 Para.5 The effect during the earthquake. The happening of the earthquake. The rescue work after the earthquake. Warning signs before the earthquake. Fast-Reading Divide the text into several parts and use one or two words from the main idea to summarize each part. (3mins) _________the earthquake _________the earthquake _________the earthquake after during before signs damage revival It tells us what happened_______, _______ and _______ the earthquake. before during after rescue happening Careful reading 2. Read the text carefully and recognise the writing order of it. For several days At about 3:00 a.m. on 28 July 1976 At 3:42 a.m. later that afternoon soon after the quakes Before During After time 1.The text is written in______ order. Skim for answers 2. What’s the type of this passage? 文章体裁? A. Expository（说明文） B. Literary journalism(纪实性报告文学) C. Argumentative（议论文） 报告文学是一种介于新闻报道和文学作品之间的文体，其题材和所描写的人物是真实发生的历史事件和正式人物。 报告文学与普通新闻报道的最大区别在于，前者对事件发生的环境和所涉及的人物有生动的描绘，并运用多种修辞方法来组织语言，这样更能激发读者的情感，从而打动读者。 Careful reading Read for detailed information. Part 1: Signs short phrases (noun.+ verb) repetition (反复) Read for details Read para 1: What were some of the strange things that were happening before the earthquake?震前怪异征兆？ strange things in the village well in the farmyard outside the city (rose and fell, rose and fell) (deep cracks) smelly gas (too nervous to eat) (refused to go inside) (ran out to look for places to hide) (jumped out of the water) bright lights in the sky loud noises water _____________________ walls ______________ _______ come out 🐕 ____________________ 🐀 _____________________________ 🐟 ____________________________ strange signs What might it cause? people’s ignorance the coming earthquake extreme damage 无知 Careful reading Part 2: Damage At 3:42 a.m., everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! Eleven kilometres directly below the city, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing. Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it! A huge crack, eight kilometres long and 30 metres wide, cut across houses, roads and waterways. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins. Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured. Thousands of children were left without parents.The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000. Please read para. 2 and finish the chart. The _______caused by the earthquake The suffering of the people At _________, everything began to shake. ___ kilometers directly below, …damage more than ____ kilometers… _______ of the nation felt the earthquake. A huge crack that was __ kilometres long and___ metres wide cut across... In less than___ minute, a large city lay in ruins. 3:42 a.m. 1/3 8 30 1 ___________ of the people died or were injured during the earthquake. ____________ of children were left without parents. The number of people who were killed or ….reached more than ________. 2/3 400,000 11 150 Thousands Please read para. 2 and finish the chart. Para. 2 to show the earthquake was very ________ and it caused a lot of _________ to people and the city. to make the article more ____________ and ___________ . serious damage convincing shocking Why does the writer use so many numbers? damage The earthquake is so serious. And what did the city look like after the quake? At 3:42 a.m., everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! Eleven kilometres directly below the city, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing. Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it! A huge crack, eight kilometres long and 30 metres wide, cut across houses, roads, and waterways. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins. Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured. Thousands of children were left without parents. The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000. start/begin to do sth 开始做某事 似乎，好像 come to an end 结束 one of +n.复数 ...之一 n.破坏 三分之一的 cut across横穿 成为废墟 三分之二的 成千上万的 ...的数量 定语从句 v.导致 少于 adj.受伤的 adv.严重地 n.地震 =over 超过 3. Everywhere survivors looked，there was nothing but ruins. Nearly everything in the city was destroyed. About 75 percent of the city’s factories and buildings，90 percent of its homes，and all of its hospitals were gone. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves，but no wind could blow them away. Most bridges had fallen or were not safe to cross. The railway tracks were now useless pieces of metal. 只有 倒塌了；不复存在的 blow away 吹走 铁轨 碎片 幸存者目及之处无一不是废墟。这座城市几乎所有的东西都被毁坏了。市内大约75%的工厂和大楼、90%的住房和所有的医院都倒塌了。砖块就像秋天的红叶覆盖着地面，但是却没有风能将其吹走。大多数桥梁不是坍塌了就是无法安全通行了。铁轨变成了废金属块； n.幸存者 摧毁 3. Tens of thousands of cows，hundreds of thousands of pigs，and millions of chickens were dead. Sand now filled the wells instead of water. People were in shock—and then，later that afternoon，another big quake shook Tangshan again. Even more buildings fell down. Water，food，and electricity were hard to get. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last. 数万头奶牛、 数十万头猪和数百万只鸡也都死掉了。沙子灌满水井，井水消失殆尽。人们惊恐万状，然而临近傍晚时分，又一次强烈的地震撼动唐山。更多的楼房倒塌了。没有水、食物，电也停了。人们心里开始疑惑这场灾难还会持续多久。。 tens of 成十上百的 hundreds of 成百上千的 thousands of 成千上万的 数百万 而不是 处于震惊中 fall down 倒塌 begin to do sth 开始做某事 how long(多长时间)引导的宾语从句 v.持续 adj.最后的 除了…之外，什么都没有： 不复存在；（人）离开了： 把…吹走/驱散： 铁路轨道： 废金属块： 数万头…: 数十万只： 数百万只： 代替；而不是： 震惊；吃惊： 倒塌；跌倒： 开始疑惑： 课文短语 ～第三段 there was nothing but… be gone blow… away railway tracks useless pieces of metal tens of thousands of… hundreds of thousands of millions of instead of… in shock fall down begin to wonder rather than fall--fell-- fallen use--useful--useless earlier buildings transport gone factories and buildings bridges fallen railway tracks useless pieces of metals dead cows necessity more buildings hard to get food water electricity fell down pigs chickens tens of thousands of hundreds of thousands of millions of not safe to cross 75 percent homes 90 percent hospitals all like red autumn leaves but no wind could blow them away Mind map There was nothing but ruins. bricks animals later that afternoon hopeless 地震惨状及余震 para. 3 必需品 What is people’s attitude? noun. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last. Tens of thousands of cows, hundreds of thousands of pigs, and millions of chickens were dead. 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000 one hundred one thousand ten thousand one hundred thousand one million 数字表达法：具体数字两无，无s无of, 模糊数字两有，有s有of 数 以 … 计 thousands of hundreds of tens of thousands of hundreds of thousands of millions of parallelism(排比) 最后一句话旨在引导学生进一步思考人与自然之间的关系，提高学生的自我保护意识。这一部分提示学生凌晨三点这一时间，与后一段进行承接。 课件来源：脑洞英语课堂 对本课件使用有任何疑问， 请联系小助手：naodong12 1. It seemed as if the world____________________! 2. Hard hills of rock___________________. 3. Bricks covered the ground____________________. No wind, however, could blow them away. were coming to an end became rivers of dirt like red autumn leaves Can you find sentences that show the extreme damage of the earthquake? exaggeration(夸张) metaphor (隐喻) simile(明喻) Figure of speech (修辞)? People felt___________ . frightened shocked helpless hopeless heartbroken… in despair 绝望 The usage of the figures of speech（修辞） can stimulate(激发) our feelings, make the description vivid(生动的) and impressive, and thus touch the readers. If winter comes,can spring be far behind? ——Shelley 如果冬天来临，春天还会远吗？ —— 雪莱 Careful reading Part 3: Rescue While-reading: reading for details (para.4 ) Who came to the rescue? What did they do? But hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. More than 10,000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped. Water and food were brought into the city by train, truck, and plane. Slowly, the city began to breathe again. 不久之后 派…去… 挖出 被困住 死者 埋葬 提供医疗 护理 为…建造庇护所 ...的 被带入 卡车 军队 士兵 1.“All hope was not lost.” A. None of the hope was lost. B. There was no hope at all. C. Not all hope was lost. 2. “The city began to breathe again.” A. Slowly, the wind began to blow in the city. B. Slowly, the people in the city began to breathe. C. Slowly, the city began to come to life. Read Para.4 and choose the right answer. Careful reading Careful reading After the earthquake Rescue the army doctors and nurses workers Who What sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to those who were and the dead. came to provide . built for survivors whose homes . How The city began to again . dig out trapped to bury medical care shelters had been destroyed breathe Part 3: Para 4&5 personification Hopeful 不久之后： 把…送到…/派…去…： 挖出： 被困住： 死者；逝者： 提供医疗护理： 为…建造庇护所: 被带入；被引进： 课文短语 ～第四段 send… to… dig out be trapped the dead provide medical care build shelters for… be brought into send sb. to do sth. 派某人去做某事 the +adj. 表示一类人 dig-dug-dug be trapped in… 被困在…中 soon after Careful reading Revival / Rebirth With strong support from the government, the tireless efforts of people and the various help from the whole nation, Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet. 5. Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people，a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. The new city has become a home to more than seven million people，with great improvements in transportation，industry，and environment. Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster，people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future. start to do sth 开始做某事 get up on one’s feet站起来 不懈的努力 be built upon/on 在...上建立 unify v.团结；使成为一体 定语从句 become a home to....的家园 in times of 在...的时候 Para 5 Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet. 拟人的修辞手法 保持乐观 n.智慧 重建 在政府的大力支持下 向…证明 n.改善 n.交通运输 剩余的 一个更加光明的未来 站立；恢复；痊愈： 在政府的大力支持下: 坚持不懈的努力： 被建立在…上： 是…的家园/家乡： 向…证明： 剩余的…: 在…时期： 保持乐观的心态： 一个光明的未来: 课文短语 ～第五段 on one’s feet tireless efforts be built on/upon be/become a home to… prove to… the rest of… in times of… stay/keep positive build … on… 把…建立在…上 prove sth. to sb. 向某人证明某事 with strong support from the government homeless / meaningless / hopeless /helpless / effortless a bright future 人 spare no effort to do sth. 不遗余力做某事 What does Tangshan city look like now? Para 5 Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet. government’s strong support people’s tireless effort Who played an important role in the revival of the Tangshan city? various help from the whole nation unify come back to life /recover The new look of Tangshan Tangshan has r_________after the earthquake. revived In times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future. Don’t lose hope. There is a strong country behind us. before during after warning signs in ruins rescue revival unaware shocked helpless hopeful unprepared more unified positive … a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. Ignorance(无知) might be deadly(致命的). Raising awareness(提高意识)can reduce mortality.（减少伤亡） A man can be destroyed but not defeated. 一个人可以被毁灭，但绝不会被打败。 Disasters have no mercy, but humans do. 天灾无情，人有情。 If everyone gives a hand, the world would be full of love. What can we learn from Tangshan’s revival? Hopeless ruins Flourishing city Where there is life, there is hope. 留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。 Discuss with you partner What should we do if the earthquake comes? Group discussion 1. Be aware of some strange things in nature. 2. Find safe shelters. 3. Don’t be nervous and keep calm. 4. Unite together and help each other. Post-reading: Exercise Fill in the blanks according to the passage. Strange things happened 1. ________the Tangshan earthquake happened. The well walls had deep cracks. A 2. ______ (smell) gas came out of them. The water pipes cracked and burst. At 3:42 3. ________the morning of July 28, 1976, everything began to shake. 4. _________seemed as if the world was at an end. Steam burst from holes in the ground. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. The whole city lay in 5. ________ ( ruin). Many people died or were 6. ________ (injure). Everything in the city 7. __________(be) destroyed. People were 8. _________(shock) at this and wondered how long the disaster would last. The army organized teams to dig out those 9. _______were trapped and to bury the dead. Workers built shelters for 10. ___________ (survive). Fresh water was taken to the city. Slowly, the city began to breathe again. before smelly on It ruins injured was shocked who survivors See you next time! 2.If you have a chance to be a volunteer to help the survivors of an earthquake area, what will you do ? build shelters bring fresh water and food 作者编号：33003 2.If you have a chance to be a volunteer to help the survivors of an earthquake area, what will you do ? donate money donate blood 作者编号：33003 2.If you have a chance to be a volunteer to help the survivors of an earthquake area, what will you do ? comfort and encourage survivors 作者编号：33003 Objectives Excellent 5’ Good 4’ Not ideal 3’ Now I can summarize the main idea and the structure of the text through skimming. I can describe what happened before, during and after Tangshan earthquake by retelling. I can express opinions on how to protect ourselves and survive in an earthquake after group discussion. I can appreciate the power of unity. I could focus myself on my study and I thought actively during this lesson. Students’ formative self-assessment Language Capacity Learning Capacity Cultural capacity Thinking Quality Know about the elements and features of literary journalism. Grasp the strategies of guessing the meanings of the words in the text. Know more about the disasters that occur in the text; raise awareness of how to protect ourselves from disasters. Learn more information about earthquake,and know how to deal with it. Improve the ability to solve the problem. Learning Aims 02 01 语言能力 学习能力 了解并能正确描述唐山大地震的基本信息。 掌握报告文学的特点、能分析文章结构、了解修辞手法(repetition反复、拟人persinification、meterphor暗喻、simile明喻)及根据上下文猜测词义。 03 思维品质 通过感受灾难面前人们相互支援的人道主义精神和人类面对灾难不屈不挠的精神，思考人与社会、人与自然之间的关系。 Careful reading Revival the government the city’s people strong support tireless efforts A new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. A home to more than seven million people, with great improvements in , , and . transportation industry environment After the earthquake Part 3: Para 4&5 Positive Hopeful Discussion 1. What do you think helped in the revival of Tangshan city? tireless efforts of the city’s people various help from the whole nation strong support from the government the earthquake resistance spirit 抗震精神 Discussion Lessons we can learn: unify stay positive have confidence we need to have: Scientific Preparedness Pre-Disaster Planning Public Education ... in times of disasters we must ... before disasters Summary The Night the Earth Didn't Sleep Before the earthquake During the earthquake After the earthquake Warning signs Damage Rescue & Revival unprepared unaware Frightened Hopeless Positive Hopeful When What Feelings THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP Thank you ! Lavf55.33.100 Lavf55.33.100 $