内容正文:
小升初英语必备知识清单
情景交际知识汇总
目 录
(一)学习目标 3
(二)知识清单 3
1.问候 3
2.祝福 4
3.道歉 4
4.感谢 5
5.邀请 7
6.介绍 7
7.劝告与建议 8
8.情绪 9
9.喜好 9
10.打电话 11
11.购物 12
12.就餐 14
13.问路 15
14.天气 17
15.时间 18
16.季节 19
17.看病 19
18.询问与谈论 20
(三)考点总结 24
英语语言表达习惯 24
(1)问候 24
(2)告别 25
(3)道歉 25
(4)感谢 26
(5)请求 26
(6)介绍 27
(7)打电话 27
(8)天气 28
(9)赞美 28
(一)学习目标
1.熟悉不同话题下情感和态度的表达。
2.掌握日常话题的问答语。
3.了解英语语言表达习惯。
(二)知识清单
1.问候
Good morning.早上/上午好。
Good afternoon.下午好。
Good evening.晚上好。
Hi!/Hello!你好!
—Nice to meet you.
—Nice to meet you,too.
——见到你很高兴。
——见到你也很高兴。
—How are you?
—I'm fine/Very well/Not bad.Thank you.
——你好吗?
——我很好/很好/还不错。谢谢。
Bye!/Goodbye!再见!
See you!再见!
See you this afternoon.今天下午见。
See you soon.一会儿见。
See you later.回头见。
2.祝福
Happy Teachers' Day!教师节快乐!
Happy New Year!新年快乐!
Happy Children's Day!儿童节快乐!
Happy birthday!生日快乐!
Merry Christmas!圣诞快乐!
Have a good/great time.(祝你)玩得开心。
The same to you!你也一样!
Enjoy yourself.(祝你)玩得高兴。
Good luck(to you)!(祝你)好运!
Wish you success.祝你成功。
3.道歉
道歉
I’m sorry.我很抱歉。
Sorry.对不起。
Excuse me.打扰一下。
回答
It doesn't matter.没关系。
That's nothing.没什么。
4.感谢
感谢
Thanks.谢谢。
Thank you.谢谢你。
Thank you very much.非常感谢。
回答
That's all right.不用谢。
You're welcome.不客气。/不用谢。
Not at all.不用谢。
Don't mention it.不用客气。
It's a pleasure./My pleasure.我很乐意。
—May I have a storybook?
—Of course.
——我可以要一本故事书吗?
——当然。
—Can you close the window?
—Sure.
——你能关上窗户吗?
——当然可以。
—Can/May I come in?
—Come in,please.
——我可以进来吗?
——请进。
—Can I have a look?
—Sure.Here you are.
——我可以看一看吗?
——当然。给你。
—Shall we watch TV?
—All right.
——我们看电视,好吗?
——好的。
—Can you come and help me with my computer?
—Sorry,I can't.
——你能过来帮我修电脑吗?
——对不起,我不能。
—Can I have them,please?
—No,you can't.
——我能得到它们吗?
——不,你不能。
5.邀请
—Would you like to come to my birthday party?
—Yes,I'd love/like to.
——你愿意来参加我的生日聚会吗?
——是的,我愿意。
—Do you want to go to the zoo with me?
—I'm afraid not.
——你想和我去动物园吗?
——恐怕不行。
6.介绍
This is a book.这是一本书。
This is my father.这是我的父亲。
That's her sweater.那是她的毛衣。
Let me introduce myself.让我来介绍一下我自己。
My eyes are small.我的眼睛很小。
I’m Chinese.我是中国人。
I’m Tom.我是汤姆。
Lily,this is Tom.Tom,this is Lily.莉莉,这是汤姆。汤姆,这是莉莉。
She is polite.她很有礼貌。
—Who is that girl?
—She is my sister.
——那个女孩是谁?
——她是我的妹妹。
—What's your name?
—My name's Amy.
——你叫什么名字?
——我叫埃米。
—How old are you?
—I’m ten years old.
——你多大了?
——我十岁了。
—Where are you from?
—I’m from China.
——你来自哪里?
——我来自中国。
7.劝告与建议
You'd better go there today.
你最好今天去那儿。
You should do more exercise.
你应该多做运动。
What about this dress?
这条连衣裙怎么样?
Why don't you ask your teacher?
你为什么不问问你的老师呢?
We'd better hand in the homework now.
我们最好现在交作业。
Let's buy some fruit.我们买点水果吧。
Shall we begin our class?
我们开始上课,好吗?
8.情绪
I’m sorry to hear that.听到这件事我很难过。
Oh!My god!哦!天啊!
What a pity!很遗憾!
Really?真的吗?
9.喜好
I like this skirt.我喜欢这件短裙。
I don’t like swimming.我不喜欢游泳。
—What's your favourite colour?
—My favourite colour is blue.
——你最喜欢什么颜色?
——我最喜欢的颜色是蓝色。
—What's your favourite holiday?
—National Day.
——你最喜欢的节日是什么?
——国庆节。
—What do you like?
—I like dogs.
——你喜欢什么?
——我喜欢狗。
—What subject do you like?
—Maths.
——你喜欢什么科目?
——数学。
—Do you like swimming?
—Yes,I do.
——你喜欢游泳吗?
——是的,我喜欢。
—What do you like doing?
—I like playing the piano.
——你喜欢做什么?
——我喜欢弹钢琴。
—What's your hobby?
—My hobby is reading books.
——你的爱好是什么?
——我的爱好是看书。
—Do you have any hobbies?
—Yes,I like dancing and singing.
——你有什么爱好吗?
——有,我喜欢跳舞和唱歌。
—How do you like it?
—It's pretty.
——你觉得它怎么样?
——它很漂亮。
10.打电话
Could you take a message for me,please?
请问你可以帮我带个口信吗?
Please ask her to call me back.
请让她给我回电话。
—Can/May I speak to...?
—Sorry,she is out./Hold on,please.
——我可以和……讲话吗?
——对不起,她不在。/请稍等。
—Who's that?
—This is/It's...speaking.
——你是哪位?
——我是……
—Is that...?
—Yes,speaking.
——你是……吗?
——是的,请讲。
11.购物
How many do you want?你想要多少?
It's cheap/expensive.它很便宜/贵。
—Can/May I help you?
—I want to buy a pair of shoes.
——需要我帮忙吗?
——我想买一双鞋。
—What can I do for you?
—I want to buy a coat.
——我能为您做点什么?
——我想要买一件外套。
—How about this one?
—It's too small/big/long/short.
——这件怎么样?
——它太小/大/长/短了。
—This one,please.
—Here you are.
——请给我这个。
——给你。
—What about this hat?
—It's pretty./Cool!I like it.
——这顶帽子怎么样?
——很漂亮。/酷!我喜欢它。
—What colour/size would you like?
—Blue./Size 5.
——你想要什么颜色/尺寸的?
——蓝色的。/5号。
—Can/May I try it on?
—Try it on,please.
——我能试穿吗?
——请穿上试试。
—What does it look like?
—It looks nice/beautiful.
——它看起来怎么样?
——看上去不错/很漂亮。
—How much is it/are they?
—It's/They're 50 yuan.
—OK,I'll take it/them.
——它/它们多少钱?
——它/它们50元。
——好的,我买了。
12.就餐
I’m hungry/thirsty.我饿/渴了。
Help yourself.请随便吃。
Would you like a knife and fork?你想要刀叉吗?
—Would you like some grapes?
—Sorry,I don't like grapes.
——你想要点葡萄吗?
——抱歉,我不喜欢葡萄。
—What would you like to eat/drink?
—I'd like a hamburger/a cup of tea.
——你想要吃/喝点什么?
——我想要一个汉堡包/一杯茶。
—Would you like some more fish?
—Yes,please./Just a little,please.
—No,thanks./I’m full,thanks.
——你想再吃点鱼吗?
——是的,我想吃。/就要一点儿吧。
——不用了,谢谢。/我饱了,谢谢。
—What about some juice?
—Yes,please.
——来些果汁怎么样?
——好的。
—What's for breakfast?
—Some noodles.
——早餐吃什么?
——面条。
—What would you like?
—I'd like some bread and milk.
——你想要些什么?
——我想要些面包和牛奶。
—Can you use chopsticks?
—Yes,I can.
——你会用筷子吗?
——是的,我会。
13.问路
Shall we take a bus?我们坐公共汽车好吗?
—Excuse me.Where is the washroom?
—This way,please.
——打扰一下。请问洗手间在哪?
——请这边走。
—Which is the way to the zoo?
—Go straight and then turn left.
——哪一条路是去动物园的?
——直走,然后左转。
—Can you tell me the way to the cinema?
—Take bus No.6,and get off at the square.
——你能告诉我去电影院的路吗?
——坐6路公共汽车,在广场下车。
—Will you show me the way to the park?
—Take the second turning on the right.
——你可以给我指一下去公园的路吗?
——在第二个路口向右拐。
—Do you know the way to the post office?
—Yes,I do.
——你知道去邮局的路吗?
——是的,我知道。
—How far is it?
—It's a twenty minutes' ride from here.
——它有多远?
——它离这儿有二十分钟的车程。
—Is it far from here?
—Yes,it is.
——它离这儿远吗?
——是的,很远。
—Which bus shall we take?
—You can take bus No.2.
——我们坐哪一路公共汽车?
——你们可以坐2路公共汽车。
—How can I get to the bookstore?
—Go along this street and turn right at the first crossing./Sorry,I don’t know./I'm new here.
——我怎么样才能到书店?
——沿着这条街直走,在第一个十字路口向右拐。/抱歉,我不知道。/我是新到这儿的。
14.天气
—How's the weather?
—Sometimes it snows.
——天气怎么样?
——有时候下雪。
—What's the weather like in Beijing?
—It's sunny/rainy/cloudy/windy.
——北京天气如何?
——天气晴朗/有雨/多云/有风。
—It's cold,isn't it?
—Yes,it is.
——天气很冷,不是吗?
——是的,很冷。
15.时间
It's time for school.该上学了。
It's time to have dinner.该吃晚饭了。
Time to go home.该回家了。
—What's the time?/What time is it?
—It's half past seven.
——几点了?
——七点半。
—What day is it today?
—It's Monday.
——今天星期几?
——星期一。
—What's the date today?/What date is it today?
—It's May 8th.
——今天几月几日?
——五月八日。
16.季节
—Which season do you like best?
—Spring/Summer/Autumn/Winter.
——你最喜欢哪个季节?
——春天/夏天/秋天/冬天。
17.看病
You have got the flu.你得了流感。
You need an injection.你需要打针。
Nothing serious.You'll be all right soon.不严重。你很快就会好的。
—What's wrong with you?
—I don't feel very well.
——你怎么了?
——我感觉不太舒服。
—What's the matter?
—I have got a headache/cough/fever...
——怎么了?
——我头疼/咳嗽/发烧……
—Are you feeling good?
—Much better.
——你感觉还好吗?
——好多了。
—How are you feeling now?
—I am feeling bad.
——你现在感觉怎么样?
——我感觉很难受。
—What should I do?
—You should drink more water./Take this
medicine three times a day.
——我该做些什么?
——你应该多喝水。/每天吃三次这个药。
18.询问与谈论
—What do you want to be?
—I want to be a doctor.
——你想成为什么?
——我想成为一名医生。
—What are you going to be?
—We are going to be scientists.
——你们将来要当什么?
——我们将来要成为科学家。
—What does your father do?
—He is a teacher.
——你父亲是做什么的?
——他是一名老师。
—What's your job?
—I’m a nurse.
——你的工作是什么?
——我是一名护士。
—How do you go to school?
—By bus/subway./Usually,I come on foot.
——你怎么去上学?
——乘公共汽车/地铁。/通常我走路来。
—What lessons do you have in the morning?
—We have Chinese,English and maths.
——你们上午有什么课?
——我们有语文、英语和数学课。
—What do you play?
—I play football.
——你玩什么?
——我踢足球。
—What do you do on weekends?
—I clean my bedroom.
——你周末做什么?
——我打扫我的卧室。
—How do you spend your weekend?
—I usually watch TV.
——你怎样度过周末?
——我通常看电视。
—What can you do?
—I can draw pictures.
——你会做什么?
——我会画画。
—What are you doing?
—I’m singing.
——你在做什么?
——我正在唱歌。
—Do you have any brothers or sisters?
—Yes,I do.
——你有兄弟姐妹吗?
——是的,我有。
—What would you like as a birthday present?
—I want a bike.
——你想要什么生日礼物?
——我想要一辆自行车。
—Where are you going?
—I’m going to the library.
——你要去哪里?
——我要去图书馆。
—Are you free now?
—Yes,I am.
——你现在有空吗?
——是的,我有空。
—What's this/that?
—It's a dog.
——这/那是什么?
——它是一只狗。
—What's this/that in English?
—It is a book.
——这个/那个用英语怎么说?
——它是一本书。
—What's this/that on the desk?
—It's a clock.
——课桌上的这个/那个是什么?
——它是个时钟。
—Is this a camera?
—Yes,it is.
——这是相机吗?
——是的,它是。
—What's one plus two?
—It's three.
———加二等于多少?
——三。
—What's ten minus four?
—It's six.
——十减四等于多少?
——六。
—What's in/on/near/beside the box?
—There is a toy in/on/near/beside the box.
——盒子里面/上面/附近/旁边有什么?
——盒子里面/上面/附近/旁边有一个玩具。
(三)考点总结
英语语言表达习惯
(1)问候
①初次见面的问候语。
例:Nice/Glad to meet you.
很高兴见到你。
②熟人之间的问候语。
例:Hi!/Hello!你好!
How are you?你好吗?
(2)告别
英美国家,一般情况下,应该先结束谈话,然后再告别离开。一些告别前的用语可以表示谈话快要结束了。
例:So nice to know you.
很高兴认识你。
So nice to meet you.
能遇见你很高兴。
(3)道歉
①当向别人问路、打听时间、借东西等需要打扰别人或麻烦别人时,用“Excuse me.”。
例:Excuse me.Can you tell me the way to the train station,please?
打扰了。请问你能告诉我去火车站的路吗?
②当因说错话、认错人、迟到、不能回答对方的问题等向别人表示歉意时,用“Sorry.”。
例:Sorry,I don't know.
对不起,我不知道。
(4)感谢
在英美国家,无论是家庭成员之间,还是上下级、长辈与晚辈之间,哪怕是为了一件小事,都要随时表示感谢。所以,当得到别人的帮助时,要表示感谢。只要打扰了别人,即使别人没能帮上忙,也要感谢对方。
例:Thank you.谢谢你。
It's very kind of you to help me.你帮助我真是太好了。
Thank you all/just the same.同样谢谢你。
(5)请求
①正式场合常用的请求方式有:
Could I…?
Do/Would you mind if I…?
例:It's hot.Would you mind if I open the window?
天气热。你介意我开窗吗?
②非正式场合常用的请求方式有:
Can/May I…?
Is it all right/OK if I.….?
例:May I use your pencil?
我能用你的铅笔吗?
(6)介绍
①自我介绍。
例:My name's Lucy./I'm Lucy.
我叫露西。
I come from China.I'm Chinese.
我来自中国。我是中国人。
②介绍他人。
例:This is Mr Green.
这是格林先生。
This is my brother.He is a doctor.
这是我的哥哥。他是一位医生。
(7)打电话
①英语中打电话时,称呼自己用this,称呼对方用that,一般不直接用人称代词I和you。
例:—Who's that speaking,please?
请问你是哪位?
—This is Sam.
我是萨姆。
②若接电话的人正好是对方要找的人,一般说“Speaking,please.”。
③转告某人接电话。
例:You're wanted on the phone.
有人打电话找你。
It's for you.(电话)是找你的。
(8)天气
英美国家的人喜欢谈论天气,特别是英国人,他们往往以天气为开场白,引出其他话题。问某地的天气如何用介词in,问某天的天气如何用介词on,问某个季节的天气如何用介词in。
例:What's the weather like in Shanghai?
上海的天气怎么样?
What will the weather be like on Friday?
星期五的天气会怎么样?
How's the weather in summer?
夏天的天气怎么样?
(9)赞美
在英美国家,人们喜欢夸赞别人。当人们做了有礼貌、有益的事情时,或者穿了很漂亮的衣服时都会得到他人的赞扬。
例:It's very nice/kind of you.你真好。How nice!真好!
You did a good job.你做得很好。You're so smart.你真聪明。
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