小升初必备 完形填空、阅读理解、书面表达知识汇总（知识清单） -2025-2026学年通用版英语六年级下册

该小学英语小升初知识清单涵盖完形填空、阅读理解、书面表达三大核心题型，系统梳理小学阶段英语关键能力。知识按模块化组织，完形填空分“通读全文—细读答题—复读检查”三步解题策略，阅读理解涵盖选择、判断、回答问题等常见题型方法，书面表达包含13类主题范文及5类题型策略，重点突出且结构清晰。 亮点在于实用性设计与核心素养培养，如书面表达提供自我介绍、季节天气等典型范文，完形填空策略步骤明确，助力学生掌握语言运用方法，提升语言能力与学习能力。解题步骤和范文分类便于快速查阅记忆，培养思维品质，支持学生系统复习，也为教师教学提供精准参考。

小升初英语必备知识清单 完形填空、阅读理解、书面表达知识汇总 目 录 一、完形填空与阅读理解 3 （一）学习目标 3 （二）完形填空的解题策略 3 1.通读全文，了解大意。 3 2.细读文章，逐步答题。 3 3.复读全文，仔细检查。 4 （三）阅读理解的常见题型及解题策略 4 1.选择型阅读、判断正误型阅读 4 2.回答问题型阅读 4 二、书面表达 5 （一）学习目标 5 （二）典型范文 5 1.自我介绍 5 2.介绍他人 6 3.房屋 7 4.日常用品 7 5.动物 8 6.季节与天气 8 7.学校风景 8 8.我的家乡 9 9.难忘的经历 10 10.未来计划 10 11.校园生活 10 12.日常生活 11 13.节日活动 11 （三）考点总结 12 书面表达的常见题型及解题策略 12 1.命题类作文 12 2.文字提示类作文 12 3.表格提示类作文 12 4.看图类作文 13 5.应用类作文 13 一、完形填空与阅读理解 （一）学习目标 1.能够读懂简单的语篇。 2.掌握完形填空和阅读理解的解题策略。 （二）完形填空的解题策略 完形填空题是在一篇短文中空出某些单词或短语，每个设空处提供二至四个备选项，要求从中选出一个最佳答案，使短文意思完整、结构合理的题型。 完形填空注重对文章内容完整性、情节发展逻辑性以及前后语境理解能力的综合考查。其具体的解题策略如下： 1.通读全文，了解大意。 答题时，先将全文浏览一遍，了解文章大意，找出关键词。 2.细读文章，逐步答题。 第二遍仔细阅读文章，根据文章的中心思想，从学过的语法、词语的搭配和固定的句型着手，选出正确选项。若有无法确定的题目，暂时放在一旁，等做完全文再反复推敲，直至所有空格都补充完整。 3.复读全文，仔细检查。 第三遍带着答案通读全文，看文章内容是否完整、语句是否通顺、意思是否连贯、语法有无错误。 （三）阅读理解的常见题型及解题策略 在小学阶段，阅读理解要求培养和激发学生学习英语的兴趣，使学生养成自主学习的习惯。通过阅读，可以大量地获取知识，拓展知识面，还可以增强语感，培养思维能力。 小学阶段阅读理解的常见题型有：选择型阅读、判断正误型阅读和回答问题型阅读。其具体的解题策略如下： 1.选择型阅读、判断正误型阅读 ①读。略读文章，了解文章大意。 ②画。浏览题干，画出关键词(时间、地点、人物、事件等)。 ③找。精读文章，找出文章中与题干关键词相关的内容。 ④比。对比文章和题干，做出正确答案。 2.回答问题型阅读 ①读。采用逆续法，即先阅读题干，明确提问的内容。 ②标。有目的地读文章，标出文章中的关键词(时间、地点、人物、事件等)。 ③析。在理解文章的基础上进行分析，作出合理的回答。 ④核。复核原文，对照原文核查答案。注意题干中的词数限制。 二、书面表达 （一）学习目标 1.熟悉书面表达常见的写作主题。 2.掌握书面表达常见题型的解题策略。 （二）典型范文 写人类范文精选 1.自我介绍 Self-introduction I’m an eight-year-old girl.I'm not very tall.I have black hair and black eyes. I have many hobbies.I like reading,singing and playing table tennis. I often help my mother do housework.I’m good at cooking.I also help my father do the dishes sometimes.My parents always praise me. My parents give me all their love.I love them very much. 2.介绍他人 My family I have a happy family.There are four people in my family.They're my parents,my brother and me.My father is an engineer.He works in a car company and goes to work by car.My mother is a nurse.She helps the sick people.My brother is fourteen years old.He studies in a middle school.I'm three years younger than my brother.I’m a primary school student.From Monday to Friday,we are all busy,but we often have a picnic on the weekend.I love my family very much. My best friend My best friend is Xiao Yi.She has short hair.She has big eyes and a small mouth.She is tall and thin.She lives on the tenth floor of a tall building.There are five people in her family. Xiao Yi likes doing sports.She likes playing badminton and volleyball.She likes Her favourite colour is pink.Her favourite food is vegetables,because they are healthy.She likes reading books. She often does housework or goes shopping with her mother on the weekend.Sometimes we go to the library together. I like my best friend,Xiao Yi.She is a nice girl. 状物类范文精选 3.房屋 My bedroom This is my bedroom.There is a bed in it.There is a pink doll on my bed.I sleep with it every night.There is a big window in my bedroom.There is a desk next to the window.Every evening,I do my homework on the desk.A yellow lamp is on my desk.I have a big bookshelf in my bedroom.There are many books on the bookshelf.I like reading very much.Do you like reading?You can borrow books from me if you like.My bedroom is so nice.I like it. 4.日常用品 My pencil box I have a beautiful red pencil box.There are three pens,two pencils,an eraser and two rulers in it.Every morning,I put it into my schoolbag before I go to school. In class I take it out.I usually write with pencils.If I make some mistakes,I use my eraser to erase(擦除)the wrong words.Sometimes I write with pens.When I do maths exercises,I use my lovely rulers.Everything in my pencil box is useful.I love my beautiful and useful pencil box. 5.动物 My little cat Hello,my name is Amy.On my birthday my parents gave me a little cat.I call her Mimi.Mimi is one year old.She is black and white.She has two big blue eyes.Her four legs are short but she can run very fast.I love her very much. 6.季节与天气 The weather in different seasons There are four seasons in a year.They are spring,summer,autumn and winter.It's warm in spring.I can have a picnic with my family.It's hot in summer.I can go swimming.It's cool in autumn.I can pick apples.It's cold and snowy in winter.I can make a snowman.I can do different things in different seasons.I like all seasons. 7.学校风景 My school My school is very beautiful.There are many trees and flowers in it.In my school,there is a big library,a big gym,a tall teaching building and a beautiful garden.We can play in the garden.After school,we can play basketball in the gym.We also have art rooms,music rooms and computer rooms. We draw pictures in the art rooms,sing in the music rooms and learn computer skills in the computer rooms.I love my school. 8.我的家乡 My hometown My hometown is a small village.It is in the south of our country. There are many bridges in my hometown.A river runs from north to south.And there is a lake in my hometown.There are many kinds of fish in the lake.I like the green trees and beautiful flowers here.The sky is blue and the clouds are white.The weather here is good.It is not so cold in winter or so hot in summer. Everyone in my hometown lives a happy life.Welcome to my hometown! 记事类范文精选 9.难忘的经历 My last trip Last summer vacation,my classmates and I went to a countryside.It took us one hour to get there by car.It was sunny there.We went fishing at first.We caught a lot of fish.We had fish for lunch.After that,we camped there.We played cards and istened to music.We felt very happy and excited. 10.未来计划 My weekend plan I’m going to have a busy weekend!On Saturday,I'm going to visit my friends.I miss them very much.Then I'm going to the bookstore on foot.I’m going to buy some books there.On Sunday morning,I'm going to go for a walk.In the afternoon,I'm going to go shopping with my mother.In the evening,I'm going to watch TV.That will be fun!What about you?What are you going to do on the weekend? 11.校园生活 My school life Dear Sally, Let me tell you about my school life.In China,school starts at eight o'clock.What time do schools start in America?I have to learn maths,Chinese,English,science,PE and art.My favourite subject is PE,because I'm good at sports.At twelve o'clock,I eat lunch.I often have fish,rice and fruit for lunch.They are healthy.After school,I play sports.I like playing ping-pong.I think it's very interesting.This is my school life.How about you? Best wishes! Yours, Linda 12.日常生活 I have a busy day Hello,I'm Ben.I usually get up at 6:30 am.Then I have breakfast at 7:00 am.At 7:30 am,I go to school by school bus.I have classes from 8:30 am to 4:30 pm.At 4:30 pm,I go home.At 5:00 pm,I do my homework.After that,I have dinner with my parents.At 9:00 pm,I go to bed.I have a busy day. 13.节日活动 My favourite festival The Spring Festival is my favourite festival.Before the Spring Festival,my family often clean the house together.And we buy new clothes.At the Spring Festival, we make dumplings together.They are yummy.I like them.On Chinese New Year's Eve,we have a big dinner and watch China.I like this festival best. （三）考点总结 书面表达的常见题型及解题策略 1.命题类作文 ①仔细审题，看清作文要求； ②确定主题，明确写作重点； ③开篇点题，结尾扣题。 2.文字提示类作文 ①按照提示信息整理出要点； ②安排好语言顺序，将要点组成语意连贯的句子； ③不要逐条翻译。 3.表格提示类作文 ①快速浏览表格中的文字信息； ②筛选重要信息，圈出关键信息； ③整理写作思路，明确写作顺序。 4.看图类作文 ①仔细观察图画，根据提示找出必要的信息，所写的句子一定要符合题意； ②把提示中所给的单词、短语都用上，所写句子要简单明了、意思准确； ③多使用连词，如and、but等，这样会使句子的衔接更加通顺、自然； ④注意文中句子的时态。 5.应用类作文 ①信件类作文 a.第一行顶格写收信人的称呼，后加逗号； b.第二行行首空四个字母开始写正文； c.正文写完后，另起一行写结束语； d.在右下角写谦称，谦称后加逗号； e.在谦称下一行的右下角写上写信人的姓名。 参考格式： Dear John(收信人), How are you?I am very happy to visit your city...(正文) Best Wishes!(结束语) Yours(谦称), Lily(写信人) 【注意】如果是电子邮件，开头两行分别为发件人和收件人的邮箱地址。例如： From:lily@163.com(发件人邮箱地址) To:john@163.com(收件人邮箱地址) ②邀请函类作文 a.第一行顶格写受邀人的称呼，后加逗号； b.第二行行首空四个字母开始写正文，包括邀请意图、地点、时间和活动内容； c.正文写完后，另起一行写结束语。 参考格式： Dear friends(受邀人), My birthday is coming.I’m going to have a birthday party.I hope you can come to the party.(邀请意图) Place:My home(地点) Time:5:30 pm,June 29th(时间) Activities:We are going to...(活动内容) See you at the party!(结束语) ③日记类作文 a.第一行左上角写日期、星期，右上角写天气； b.第二行行首空四个字母开始写正文。 参考格式： May 1st, Monday Sunny (日期、星期) (天气) Today is Labour Day.It's sunny.I came to Beijing with my family.We visited... 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