听力词汇清单 2026届高考英语一轮复习

该高中英语高考复习知识清单全面覆盖高考听力16大核心场景，包括校园学习、日常生活、交通出行等，每个场景系统整合核心词汇、高频短语、经典句型及应试技巧，构建完整的听力知识体系。 清单采用场景分类与考频标注结合的方式，如交通场景标注数字题必抓价格、折扣等五星考点，总结同义替换与预判技巧，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。特设经典句型模板与易错点警示，如医疗场景的症状描述句型，助力学生自主复习，教师可据此精准指导，提升备考效率。

高考英语-听力词汇 高考英语听力高频词汇及短语总结 一、校园学习生活场景 (一)校园设施与场所 核心词汇: campus(校园)、dormitory/dorm(宿舍)、cafeteria/canteen/dining hall(食堂)、library(图书馆)、 lab (laboratory)(实验室)、gym(体育馆)、playground(操场) (二)学习核心(课程、作业、考试、论文) 1.核心词汇: 课程相关:course(课程)、subject(科目)、lecture(讲座)、seminar(研讨课)、major(专业)、credit(学分) 作业与论文:assignment(作业)、essay/paper/report(论文 / 报告)、experiment/research(实验 / 研究) 考试相关:exam/test/quiz(考试 / 测验 / 小测验)、revision/review/revise(复习)、deadline(截止日期)、 extension(延期)、pass/fail(通过 / 不及格)、retake/resit(补考)、due/overdue(到期 / 过期) 2.高频短语: hand in homework(交作业)、miss a class(缺课)、cut/skip class(逃课)、attend a lecture(听讲座)、 revise lessons(复习功课)、prepare for exam(备考)、be well-prepared(准备充分)、pull an all-nighter(开夜车学习)、pass/fail the exam(考试通过 / 不及格)、meet the deadline(赶上截止日期)、due date(到期日)、major in(主修) (三)人物身份 核心词汇:professor/tutor/advisor(教授 / 导师 / 顾问)、librarian(图书管理员)、student(学生) (四)图书与图书馆相关 1.核心词汇: textbook/journal/magazine/reference book(课本 / 期刊 / 杂志 / 参考书)、fiction(小说)、non-fiction(非小说)、catalogue(目录)、borrow/return/renew(借 / 还 / 续借)、fine(罚款) 2.高频短语:borrow books(借书)、library card(借书证)、book shelf(书架) (五)成绩与学分 1.核心词汇: grade/score/mark(分数)、scholarship(奖学金)、credit(学分)、pass/fail(通过 / 不及格)、retake/resit(补考) 2.高频短语:get a good grade(取得好成绩) (六)校园组织与活动 1.核心词汇:club/society(社团)、membership(会员资格)、student union(学生会)、registration(注册) 2.高频短语:school uniform(校服) (七)经典句型 1."I'm having trouble with my math assignment."(我数学作业有困难) 2."The deadline for the paper is Friday."(论文截止日期是周五) 3."How did you like the lecture?"(你觉得讲座怎么样?) 4."I'd like to renew this book, please."(我想续借这本书) 5."How long can I keep this book?"(这本书我能借多久?) 6."Your book is overdue. You need to pay a fine of 5 yuan."(你的书逾期了,需缴 5 元罚款) 二、日常生活场景 (一)核心词汇: chore(家务)、laundry(洗衣)、tidy up(整理)、hobby(爱好)、jogging(慢跑) 、concert(音乐会)、film(电影)、 schedule(日程表)、appointment(预约)、postpone(推迟) 、cancel(取消)、punctual(准时的) (二)高频短语: do the dishes(洗碗)、make the bed(铺床)、make an appointment(预约)、keep an appointment(赴约)、 in advance(提前)、on schedule(按计划) (三)经典句型: 1. Could you help me do the dishes after dinner? I have to finish the laundry tonight. 晚饭后你能帮我洗碗吗?我今晚得把洗衣物洗完。 2. My mom asked me to tidy up my room before going out, as chores are part of my daily routine. 妈妈让我出门前整理好房间,因为做家务是我日常生活的一部分。 3. Do you prefer doing laundry by hand or using the washing machine? It saves a lot of time. 你更喜欢手洗衣服还是用洗衣机?这能节省不少时间。 4. I can't go jogging with you this afternoon—I need to finish all the chores first. 今天下午我不能和你一起慢跑了 —— 我得先把所有家务做完。 三、交通出行场景 (一)核心词汇: 1.交通方式类(基础且高频,解题第一定位词) 公共交通:bus(公交车)、subway/underground(地铁)、train(火车)、plane/airplane(飞机)、ship(轮船)、 ferry(渡轮)、coach(长途汽车)、tram(有轨电车)、flight(航班)、train ride(火车行程) 私人交通:car(汽车)、bike/bicycle(自行车)、motorcycle(摩托车)、taxi/cab(出租车)、shuttle bus(班车) 特殊表达:on foot(步行)、hitchhike(搭便车)、carpool(拼车) 2.方位与路线类(问路 / 指路场景核心) 方位词:left(左)、right(右)、straight(直走)、ahead(前方)、opposite(对面)、next to(旁边)、beside(旁边)、between...and...(在…… 之间)、around the corner(拐角处)、crossroads(十字路口)、intersection(十字路口)、turning(转弯处) 路线词:route(路线)、direction(方向)、path(小路)、road(公路)、street(街道)、highway(高速公路)、 motorway(高速公路,英式)、lane(车道)、footpath(人行道) 3.交通问题类(听力常考 “冲突点”,答案关键)  延误 / 取消:delay(延误)、delayed(延误的)、cancel/cancellation(取消)、postpone(推迟)、put off(推迟)、reschedule(重新安排) 故障 / 事故:break down(抛锚)、accident(事故)、crash(碰撞)、traffic jam(堵车)、jam(拥堵)、 hold-up(拥堵,英式)、construction(道路施工)、block(堵塞) 其他问题:lost(迷路)、miss the bus/train/flight(错过班车 / 火车 / 航班)、run out of gas(没油了)、 flat tire(轮胎瘪了) 4.票务与预订类(出行计划场景高频) 票务:ticket(票)、round-trip ticket(往返票)、one-way ticket(单程票)、single ticket(单程票,英式)、 return ticket(往返票,英式)、fare(车费 / 票价)、season ticket(季票)、pass(通行证,如 subway pass) 预订:book(预订)、reserve(预订)、booking(预订)、reservation(预订)、book in advance(提前预订)、 cancel the reservation(取消预订)、check in(登机/检票)、check out(退房,延伸场景)、board(登机/上车) 5.时间与地点类(数字题常考) 时间:depart/departure(出发)、arrive/arrival(到达)、departure time(出发时间)、arrival time(到达时间)、schedule(时刻表)、timeline(时间表)、on time(准时)、on schedule(准时)、behind schedule(晚点)、ahead of time(提前) 地点:station(车站,train station)、airport(机场)、bus stop(公交站)、terminal(航站楼 / 终点站)、platform(站台)、gate(登机口)、destination(目的地)、departure lounge(候机室)、pick-up point(接送点) (二)高频短语:(听力对话 “高频信号词”) 1.问路 / 指路短语 ask for directions(问路)、give directions(指路)、turn left/right(左转 / 右转)、go straight ahead(直走)、 walk along(沿着…… 走)、go across(穿过,如 go across the street)、cut through(抄近路)、 take the first/second turning on the left(在第一个 / 第二个路口左转)、be located at(位于)、 be far from(离…… 远)、be within walking distance(步行可达)、it’s a short walk(步行不远) 2.交通方式短语 take a bus/train/plane(乘公交 / 火车 / 飞机)、by bus/train/plane/subway(乘……,注意无冠词)、on foot(步行)、ride a bike(骑自行车)、drive a car(开车)、call a taxi(叫出租车)、hitch a ride(搭便车)、 carpool with sb.(和某人拼车)、take a shuttle bus(坐班车)、board the plane/train(登机 / 上车)、 get on/off the bus/train(上 / 下公交 / 火车)、get in/out of the car/taxi(上 / 下汽车 / 出租车) 3.出行计划 / 变更短语 make a reservation(预订)、book a ticket(订票)、book a flight(订机票)、reserve a seat(预留座位)、 cancel the booking(取消预订)、change the schedule(变更行程)、adjust the departure time(调整出发时间)、 put off the trip(推迟旅行)、set off(出发)、start out(启程)、head for(前往,如 head for Beijing)、 leave for(动身去……) 4.交通问题短语 be stuck in traffic(堵车)、traffic jam on the highway(高速公路堵车)、the bus broke down(公交车抛锚了)、 the flight was cancelled due to bad weather(航班因天气恶劣取消)、miss the last bus(错过末班车)、 run out of petrol/gas(没油了)、flat tire(轮胎瘪了)、road construction(道路施工)、due to a delay(由于延误)、 behind schedule(晚点) 5.票务相关短语 buy a one-way/round-trip ticket(买单程 / 往返票)、book in advance(提前预订)、at the ticket office(在售票处)、online booking(网上预订)、ticket price(票价)、check in at the airport(机场值机)、go through security(过安检)、 board the plane at gate 5(在 5 号登机口登机)、platform 3(3 号站台)、depart from terminal 2(从 2 号航站楼出发) (三)必备句型(听力对话 “功能句模板”,听到即定位答案) 1.问路句型(常考 “路线 / 距离 / 时间”) 1)Could you tell me how to get to the nearest bus stop?(请问最近的公交站怎么走？) 2)Excuse me, which direction is the subway station?(打扰一下,地铁站在哪个方向？) 3)Is there a taxi stand around here?(这附近有出租车站吗？) 4)How far is it from here to the airport?(从这里到机场有多远？) 5)How long will it take to get to the train station by bus?(乘公交到火车站要多久？) 6)Can I get to the destination on foot?(我能步行到目的地吗？) 2.指路句型(常考 “转弯 / 位置 / 交通方式建议”) 1)Go straight ahead for two blocks, then turn right at the crossroads.(直走两个街区,然后在十字路口右转。) 2)It’s opposite the bank—you can’t miss it.(就在银行对面,你不会错过的。) 3)You’d better take the subway—it’s faster than the bus.(你最好坐地铁,比公交快。) 4)Walk along this street for five minutes, and it’s on your left.(沿着这条街走 5 分钟,它就在你的左边。) 5)You can take Bus No. 3 and get off at the Central Station.(你可以坐 3 路公交,在中心站下车。) 3.询问 / 选择交通方式句型 1)How are you going to Shanghai—by train or by plane?(你打算怎么去上海,坐火车还是飞机？) 2)What’s the best way to get to the museum?(去博物馆最好的方式是什么？) 3)Is it convenient to take a taxi from here to the hotel?(从这里打车到酒店方便吗？) 4)Do you prefer driving or taking public transport?(你更喜欢开车还是坐公共交通？) 4.表达交通问题(延误 / 取消 / 故障) 1)The train is delayed by 40 minutes due to heavy rain.(火车因大雨延误了 40 分钟。) 2)Our flight has been cancelled because of a technical problem.(我们的航班因技术问题取消了。) 3)My car broke down on the way to the airport—I need to call a tow truck.(我的车在去机场的路上抛锚了,我需要叫拖车。) 4)We’re stuck in traffic—we might miss the last train.(我们堵车了,可能会错过末班车。) 5)The bus didn’t come on time—I’ve been waiting for 20 minutes.(公交没准时来,我已经等了 20 分钟了。) 5.票务预订 / 变更句型 1)I’d like to book a one-way ticket to Guangzhou for next Friday.(我想订一张下周五去广州的单程票。) 2)Can I cancel my reservation for the 3 o’clock train?(我能取消 3 点火车的预订吗？) 3)Is there any available seat on Flight CA123 to Beijing tomorrow?(明天去北京的 CA123 航班还有空位吗？) 4)I need to change my departure date from Monday to Tuesday.(我需要把出发日期从周一改成周二。) 5)How much is a round-trip ticket between Shanghai and Hangzhou?(上海到杭州的往返票多少钱？) 6.建议 / 请求交通帮助句型 1)Why not take the shuttle bus? It’s free for hotel guests.(为什么不坐班车呢？酒店客人免费。) 2)Could you give me a lift to the train station?(你能顺路载我去火车站吗？) 3)I suggest you leave early—there might be traffic jams.(我建议你早点出发,可能会堵车。) 4)Would you mind picking me up at the airport at 6 pm?(你介意下午 6 点去机场接我吗？) (三)高考听力应试黄金技巧 1.关键词快速定位场景:听到「subway, traffic jam, delay, book a ticket, platform」等词,立刻锁定 “交通出行” 场景,重点关注「时间、地点、交通方式、问题原因」。 2.数字题必抓 “时间 / 价格 / 编号”:高考常考「出发时间(如 3:15 pm)、到达时间、票价(如 $50)、公交 / 航班编号(如 Bus No.7)、站台 / 登机口(如 Gate 8)」,听到数字立刻圈画。 3.同义替换是解题关键:听力中常出现替换,如「subway = underground」「take a taxi = call a cab」 「delay = put off」「book = reserve」,必须熟练掌握。 4.预判问题方向: 1)听到问路→预判问题:「How to get to...?」「How far is it?」 2)听到订票→预判问题:「When will the man/woman leave?」「How much is the ticket?」 3)听到交通问题→预判问题:「Why is the man/woman late?」「What’s wrong with the transport?」 5.注意否定/转折词:but/however/except 后常是答案(如:The bus is fast, but it’s often delayed.答案侧重 “delayed”)。 四、天气场景 (一)核心词汇: 1.天气状况(形容词 / 名词) 1)基础天气类型(形容词): 晴朗类:sunny(晴朗的)、clear(晴朗的)、bright(晴朗的)、cloudless(无云的)、fine(晴朗的) 多云 / 阴天类:cloudy(多云的)、dark and cloudy(阴天的)、gloomy(阴沉的) 降水相关:rainy(下雨的)、wet(潮湿的)、damp(潮湿的) 其他基础类型:snowy(下雪的)、foggy(有雾的)、misty(有薄雾的)、windy(有风的)、dry(干燥的)、humid(潮湿的) 2)极端 / 强对流天气(名词): thunder(打雷)、lightning(闪电)、tornado(龙卷风)、typhoon(台风)、downpour(倾盆大雨)、rainstorm(暴雨)、thunderstorm(雷雨)、drought(干旱) 3)天气特性(形容词):changeable(多变的)、unstable(不稳定的) 2.温度相关(名词 / 形容词) 1)温度核心名词:temperature(温度) 2)温度等级(形容词) 炎热:hot(炎热的)、burning(灼热的)、温暖:warm(温暖的)、mild(温和的) 凉爽:cool(凉爽的)、refreshing(清爽的)、寒冷:cold(寒冷的)、freezing (cold)(极冷的)、chilly(阴冷的) (二)高频短语: 1.天气预报参考:according to the weather forecast (report)(根据天气预报) 2.天气变化与温度变化 1)天气状态变化 clear up/brighten up(放晴)、start raining/begin to pour(开始下雨)、let up/stop raining/pass over(雨停)、 improve/get better(天气转好)、worsen(天气转坏) 2)温度变化 drop to/fall to(降温至……)、rise to/climb to(升温至……)、heat wave(热浪)、bitter cold(极寒) 3)极端天气表达 strong wind/high wind(强风)、rain cats and dogs/pour down/downpour(倾盆大雨)、weather warning/storm warning(天气预警 / 风暴预警) 3.应对天气的措施 stay indoors(待在室内)、take shelter(躲避风雨 / 避险)、put away clothes(收好衣物) 4.天气对活动与交通的影响 1)活动取消:cancel flight/picnic(取消航班 / 野餐)、cancel/call off outdoor event(取消户外活动) 2)交通影响:delay/cancel flights(延误 / 取消航班)、roads closed(道路封闭)、slippery roads(路面湿滑) (三)经典句型 1."It's pouring outside."(外面下着倾盆大雨。) 2."The weather forecast says it will clear up tomorrow."(天气预报说明天会放晴。) 3."It's going to snow tonight."(今晚要下雪。) (四)天气场景实用技巧 1.同义替换敏感度:注意听力中常见的同义替换: 1)"rain heavily" = "pour" = "rain cats and dogs" (倾盆大雨) 2)"turn cold" = "temperature drop" (降温) 3)"become fine" = "clear up" (放晴) 2.场景推断技巧:根据对话内容快速判断场景: 1)听到 "umbrella, raincoat, boots" → 雨天场景 2)听到 "sunhat, sunglasses, sunscreen" → 晴天场景 3)听到 "flight delay, road closure" → 恶劣天气影响交通 五、购物消费场景 (一)核心词汇 1.购物场所与商品类型(基础定位词) 购物场所:shop(商店)、store(商店,美式)、supermarket(超市)、department store(百货商场)、 grocery store(杂货店)、bookstore(书店)、clothing store(服装店)、shoe shop(鞋店)、gift shop(礼品店)、 market(市场)、mall(购物中心)、online shop(网店)、e-commerce platform(电商平台) 商品类型: o服饰类:clothes(衣服)、shirt(衬衫)、T-shirt(T 恤)、pants/trousers(裤子)、skirt(裙子)、dress(连衣裙)、 coat(外套)、jacket(夹克)、shoes(鞋)、socks(袜子)、hat(帽子)、scarf(围巾) o日用品类:daily necessities(日用品)、toothbrush(牙刷)、shampoo(洗发水)、soap(肥皂)、towel(毛巾)、 paper towel(纸巾) o食品类:food(食物)、fruit(水果)、vegetable(蔬菜)、snack(零食)、drink(饮料)、bread(面包)、milk(牛奶) o其他:book(书)、pen(笔)、bag(包)、watch(手表)、gift(礼物)、toy(玩具)、electronic product(电子产品)、 phone(手机)、computer(电脑) 2.商品属性(选择商品场景核心) 尺寸:size(尺寸)、small(S 码)、medium(M 码)、large(L 码)、extra large(XL 码)、fit(合身)、tight(紧身的)、loose(宽松的)、too big(太大)、too small(太小) 颜色:color(颜色)、red(红)、blue(蓝)、green(绿)、black(黑)、white(白)、yellow(黄)、pink(粉)、purple(紫)、dark(深色的)、light(浅色的) 材质:material(材质)、cotton(棉)、wool(羊毛)、silk(丝)、leather(皮)、plastic(塑料)、metal(金属)、wood(木)、washable(可水洗的)、durable(耐用的) 质量:quality(质量)、good quality(质量好)、poor quality(质量差)、high-quality(高品质的)、 low-quality(低品质的) 3.价格与优惠(数字题高频考点) 价格:price(价格)、cheap(便宜的)、expensive/dear(贵的)、affordable(负担得起的)、cost(花费)、charge(收费)、worth(值得的)、value(价值) 优惠:discount(折扣)、discount rate(折扣率)、off(减价,如 30% off)、on sale(打折出售)、special offer(特价优惠)、promotion(促销)、free gift(赠品)、buy one get one free(买一送一)、low price(低价)、bargain(特价商品；讲价) 金额:dollar(美元)、yuan(元)、cent(分)、pound(英镑)、total(总价)、change(零钱) 4.支付方式(对话常考细节) 支付类型:cash(现金)、credit card(信用卡)、debit card(借记卡)、mobile payment(移动支付)、WeChat Pay(微信支付)、Alipay(支付宝)、online payment(在线支付)、check(支票,美式)、bank transfer(银行转账) 相关表达:pay for(支付)、pay in cash(现金支付)、swipe the card(刷卡)、pay online(在线支付)、settle the bill(结账)、check out(结账) 5.售后服务(冲突点,答案关键) 退换货:return(退货)、exchange(换货)、refund(退款)、receipt(收据)、invoice(发票)、warranty(保修单)、guarantee(保修)、return policy(退货政策)、exchange policy(换货政策) 问题反馈:complaint(投诉)、complain about(抱怨)、fault(故障；缺陷)、broken(坏的)、damaged(损坏的)、defective(有缺陷的)、wrong size(尺寸错误)、wrong color(颜色错误)、not working(无法使用) 维修:repair(维修)、fix(修理)、mend(修补)、repair service(维修服务) 6.网购相关(近年高考热点) 网购操作:online shopping(网购)、order(下单)、place an order(下单)、book(预订)、reserve(预留)、cancel the order(取消订单) 物流配送:delivery(配送)、shipping(运输)、shipping fee(运费)、delivery fee(配送费)、delivery time(配送时间)、track the package(跟踪包裹)、package/parcel(包裹)、express delivery(快递) 相关问题:out of stock(缺货)、in stock(有货)、delay in delivery(配送延误)、lost package(包裹丢失)、damaged package(包裹损坏) (二)核心短语(听力高频信号词,听到即重点) 1.咨询与选择商品 ask about the price(询问价格)、inquire about the size(咨询尺寸)、look for(寻找)、search for(查找)、try on(试穿)、 fit well(很合身)、suit sb.(适合某人)、match sth.(与某物搭配)、have sth. in stock(有某物库存)、 be out of stock(缺货)、run out of(售罄) 2.价格协商与优惠 get a discount(获得折扣)、give sb. a discount(给某人折扣)、30% off(打 7 折)、half price(半价)、 at a low price(低价)、on special offer(特价优惠)、take advantage of the promotion(利用促销活动)、bargain with sb.(与某人讲价)、it’s a good deal(很划算)、worth every penny(物有所值) 3.支付与结账 pay in cash(现金支付)、pay by credit card(用信用卡支付)、pay with mobile phone(用手机支付)、settle the bill(结账)、check out at the counter(在柜台结账)、total up to(总计达)、give sb. the change(找给某人零钱)、keep the receipt(保留收据) 4.售后服务与投诉 return sth. for a refund(退货退款)、exchange sth. for another(换另一件)、have a warranty(有保修)、within the warranty period(在保修期内)、complain about the quality(抱怨质量问题)、report a defective product(投诉有缺陷的商品)、ask for a repair(要求维修)、refuse to refund(拒绝退款) 5.网购相关 place an order online(网上下单)、cancel the order(取消订单)、track the package(跟踪包裹)、wait for delivery(等待配送)、delivery is delayed(配送延误)、receive the package(收到包裹)、return the package(退回包裹)、shipping fee is free(免运费) (三)必备句型(听力对话模板,听到即预判答案) 1.咨询商品与属性 1)Could you tell me how much this T-shirt costs?(请问这件 T 恤多少钱？) 2)Do you have this dress in size M?(这件连衣裙有 M 码吗？) 3)What colors does this bag come in?(这款包有哪些颜色？) 4)Is this made of cotton?(这是棉质的吗？) 5)How long is the warranty for this phone?(这款手机的保修期是多久？) 6)Do you have this book in stock?(这本书有货吗？) 2.试穿与选择 1)Can I try this jacket on? Where is the fitting room?(我能试穿这件夹克吗？试衣间在哪里？) 2)This pair of shoes is too tight—do you have a larger size?(这双鞋太紧了,有大一点的码吗？) 3)The red one suits me better than the blue one.(红色的比蓝色的更适合我。) 4)I think this skirt matches my shirt well.(我觉得这条裙子和我的衬衫很搭。) 3.价格协商与优惠 1)Is there any discount for students?(学生有折扣吗？) 2)If I buy two, can you give me 20% off?(如果我买两个,能给我打 8 折吗？) 3)The product is on sale now—50% off for the first 10 customers.(这款商品现在打折,前 10 名顾客半价。) 4)It’s a bit expensive—can you lower the price a little?(有点贵,能便宜一点吗？) 5)This is a special offer—you can get a free gift with your purchase.(这是特价优惠,购物即送赠品。) 4.支付与结账 1)I’ll pay in cash. Here’s 100 yuan.(我用现金支付,这是 100 元。) 2)Can I pay by credit card or WeChat Pay?(我能用信用卡或微信支付吗？) 3)Could you give me the receipt, please?(能给我开个收据吗？) 4)The total is 89 yuan—here’s your change, 11 yuan.(总计 89 元,这是找你的 11 元。) 5)I’d like to check out—where is the cash register?(我想结账,收银台在哪里？) 5.售后服务与投诉 1)This shirt is damaged—I want to return it for a refund.(这件衬衫是坏的,我想退货退款。) 2)The watch stopped working after three days—can you repair it for free?(这块手表三天后就停了,能免费维修吗？) 3)I bought the wrong size—can I exchange it for a smaller one?(我买错尺寸了,能换个小一点的吗？) 4)The delivery was delayed for a week—what’s the problem?(配送延误了一周,出什么问题了？) 5)The product is defective—could you replace it with a new one?(这个商品有缺陷,能换个新的吗？) 6.网购相关 1)I placed an order online yesterday—when will it be delivered?(我昨天网上下了单,什么时候能配送？) 2)How can I track my package?(我怎么跟踪我的包裹？) 3)The package I received is damaged—can I return it?(我收到的包裹损坏了,能退货吗？) 4)Is the shipping fee free if I spend more than 200 yuan?(消费满 200 元免运费吗？) 5)I want to cancel my order—how do I do that?(我想取消订单,该怎么做？) (四)高考听力应试黄金技巧 1.关键词快速定位场景:听到「discount, try on, pay, return, online order, package」等词,立刻锁定 “购物消费” 场景,重点关注「价格、尺寸、问题原因、支付方式」。 2.数字题必抓 “价格 / 折扣 / 数量”:高考常考「原价(如$100)、折扣后价格(如30% off→$70)、数量(如 two pairs)、金额计算(如 total is 58 yuan)」,听到数字立刻圈画,快速计算。 3.同义替换是解题核心: o打折:discount = off = on sale = special offer o结账:check out = settle the bill = pay for o退货:return = get a refund o有货 / 缺货:in stock = available; out of stock = sold out 4.预判问题方向: o听到咨询价格→预判:「How much does the product cost?」 o听到试穿→预判:「Does the product fit the speaker?」 o听到投诉→预判:「What’s wrong with the product?」 o听到网购→预判:「When will the package arrive?」 5.注意否定 / 转折词:but/however 后常是答案 (如:The dress is beautiful, but it’s too expensive. 答案侧重 “expensive”)。 六、餐饮场景 (一)核心词汇 1.餐饮场所与相关人员(基础定位词) 场所类:restaurant(餐厅)、cafe(咖啡馆)、coffee shop(咖啡店)、fast-food restaurant(快餐店)、diner(小餐馆,美式)、buffet(自助餐)、canteen(食堂,学校 / 公司)、cafeteria(自助餐厅)、bar(酒吧)、pub(酒馆,英式)、tea house(茶馆) 人员类:waiter(男服务员)、waitress(女服务员)、waiter/waitress(统称服务员)、chef(厨师)、customer(顾客)、manager(经理)、cashier(收银员) 2.菜品与饮品类型(点餐场景核心) 主食类:rice(米饭)、noodles(面条)、pasta(意大利面)、bread(面包)、steak(牛排)、chicken(鸡肉)、beef(牛肉)、pork(猪肉)、fish(鱼)、seafood(海鲜)、sandwich(三明治)、hamburger(汉堡)、pizza(披萨)、soup(汤) 蔬菜类:vegetable(蔬菜)、potato(土豆)、tomato(番茄)、carrot(胡萝卜)、onion(洋葱)、spinach(菠菜)、cabbage(卷心菜)、salad(沙拉) 甜点类:dessert(甜点)、cake(蛋糕)、pie(馅饼)、ice cream(冰淇淋)、cookie(饼干)、biscuit(饼干,英式)、chocolate(巧克力) 饮品类:drink(饮料)、water(水)、tea(茶)、coffee(咖啡)、juice(果汁)、milk(牛奶)、soda(汽水)、cola(可乐)、beer(啤酒)、wine(葡萄酒)、mineral water(矿泉水)、hot drink(热饮)、cold drink(冷饮) 3.餐具与用餐相关(细节题高频) 餐具:fork(叉子)、knife(刀)、spoon(勺子)、chopsticks(筷子)、plate(盘子)、bowl(碗)、glass(玻璃杯)、cup(杯子)、napkin(餐巾纸)、tablecloth(桌布) 用餐动作:eat(吃)、drink(喝)、taste(品尝)、chew(咀嚼)、order(点餐)、serve(上菜)、cook(烹饪)、prepare(准备)、finish(吃完)、share(分享) 4.菜品属性与评价(评价场景核心) 口味:taste(味道)、delicious(美味的)、tasty(可口的)、yummy(好吃的,口语)、delightful(爽口的)、sweet(甜的)、sour(酸的)、salty(咸的)、spicy/hot(辣的)、bitter(苦的)、plain(清淡的)、oily/greasy(油腻的)、flavorful(风味十足的)、tasteless(无味的) 温度:hot(热的)、cold(冷的)、warm(温的)、icy(冰的) 质量:fresh(新鲜的)、stale(不新鲜的)、raw(生的)、overcooked(煮过头的)、undercooked(没煮熟的)、burnt(烧焦的) 5.预订与结账(数字题高频) 预订:reservation(预订)、book(预订)、booking(预订)、table(桌子)、seat(座位)、number of people(人数)、time(时间)、date(日期)、confirm(确认)、cancel(取消) 结账:bill(账单)、check(账单,美式)、pay(支付)、cost(花费)、price(价格)、total(总价)、tip(小费)、cash(现金)、credit card(信用卡)、mobile payment(移动支付)、change(零钱) 6.外卖与打包(近年高考热点) 外卖:takeaway(外卖,英式)、takeout(外卖,美式)、delivery(配送)、delivery fee(配送费)、order food online(网上点餐)、food delivery app(外卖软件)、delivery address(配送地址)、delivery time(配送时间) 打包:take away(打包)、doggy bag(打包袋,美式口语)、pack(打包)、package(包裹) (二)核心短语(听力高频信号词,听到即重点) 1.预订与入座 make a reservation(预订)、book a table(订桌)、reserve a seat(预留座位)、a table for two/three(两人 / 三人桌)、at 7 pm this evening(今晚 7 点)、confirm the reservation(确认预订)、cancel the booking(取消预订)、show sb. to the table(带某人入座)、have a reservation under the name of...(以…… 的名字预订) 2.点餐与咨询 take one's order(为某人点餐)、place an order(下单)、order sth.(点某物)、 what would you like to have?(你想吃点什么？)、what's on the menu?(菜单上有什么？)、recommend sth.(推荐某物)、specialty of the house(招牌菜)、have a try(试一试)、would you like anything else?(还要别的吗？)、sth. is sold out(某物售罄)、be out of stock(缺货) 3.菜品评价与反馈 taste delicious(味道鲜美)、be full of flavor(风味十足)、too spicy for sb.(对某人来说太辣)、a bit greasy(有点油腻)、fresh and tender(鲜嫩)、overcooked and dry(煮过头了,很干)、not fresh(不新鲜)、live up to expectations(符合预期)、disappointing(令人失望的) 4.结账与支付 ask for the bill/check(索要账单)、pay the bill(付账单)、settle the bill(结账)、pay in cash(现金支付)、pay by credit card(信用卡支付)、pay with WeChat/Alipay(微信 / 支付宝支付)、leave a tip(给小费)、the total is...(总计……)、here's your change(这是找你的零钱)、split the bill(AA 制)、go Dutch(AA 制) 5.外卖与打包 order takeaway/takeout(点外卖)、get food delivered(点外卖配送)、delivery fee(配送费)、take sth. away(打包某物)、ask for a doggy bag(要一个打包袋)、pack the leftovers(打包剩菜)、delivery is late(配送延误)、the food is cold(食物凉了) (三)必备句型(听力对话模板,听到即预判答案) 1.预订座位 1)I'd like to book a table for two this Saturday evening.(我想订一张这周六晚上的两人桌。) 2)Do you have a reservation under the name of Li Ming?(有以李明名字预订的座位吗？) 3)Can I reserve a table near the window?(我能订一张靠窗的桌子吗？) 4)We need to cancel our reservation for tonight—something came up.(我们今晚的预订要取消,临时有事。) 5)What time would you like to arrive?(你想几点到？) 2.点餐与咨询 1)Waiter, can we order now?(服务员,我们可以点餐了吗？) 2)What do you recommend as your specialty?(你们的招牌菜推荐什么？) 3)Is there any vegetarian dish?(有素食吗？) 4)I'm allergic to seafood—could you make sure there's no shrimp in the dish?(我对海鲜过敏,菜里能确保没有虾吗?) 5)Would you like your steak rare, medium, or well-done?(你的牛排要三分熟、五分熟还是全熟？) 6)I'll have the chicken salad and a glass of orange juice.(我要鸡肉沙拉和一杯橙汁。) 7)Is the soup of the day available?(今天的例汤还有吗？) 3.菜品评价与反馈 1)This fish is absolutely delicious—fresh and tender.(这鱼太好吃了,鲜嫩多汁。) 2)The pasta is a bit too salty for my taste.(这意大利面对我来说有点太咸了。) 3)The steak is overcooked—it's really dry.(这牛排煮过头了,特别干。) 4)The vegetables are fresh, but the chicken is a bit tough.(蔬菜很新鲜,但鸡肉有点老。) 5)This is the best dessert I've ever had!(这是我吃过最好吃的甜点！) 4.结账与支付 1)Could we have the bill, please?(麻烦给我们结下账,好吗？) 2)How much is the total?(总计多少钱？) 3)I'll pay in cash—here's 200 yuan.(我用现金支付,这是 200 元。) 4)Can we split the bill?(我们能 AA 制吗？) 5)Do you accept credit cards or mobile payments?(你们接受信用卡或移动支付吗？) 6)Keep the change.(不用找零了。) 5.投诉与反馈 1)Excuse me, this dish is cold—could you heat it up?(打扰一下,这道菜凉了,能热一下吗？) 2)The food is not what I ordered—I asked for beef noodles, not chicken noodles. (这不是我点的菜,我要的是牛肉面,不是鸡肉面。) 3)This fish is stale—it smells bad. Could you replace it?(这鱼不新鲜了,有味道。能换一份吗？) 4)The service is too slow—we've been waiting for 40 minutes.(服务太慢了,我们已经等了 40 分钟了。) 6.外卖与打包 1)I'd like to order takeout—can you deliver to No. 15 Garden Street?(我想点外卖,能送到花园街 15 号吗？) 2)How long will the delivery take?(配送需要多久？) 3)Could you pack the leftovers for me?(能帮我把剩菜打包吗？) 4)The takeout was delivered late, and the food is cold now.(外卖送晚了,现在食物都凉了。) 5)Is there a delivery fee for orders under 50 yuan?(消费不满 50 元要收配送费吗？) (四)高考听力应试黄金技巧 1.关键词快速定位场景:听到「reservation, order, menu, bill, takeaway, delivery」等词,立刻锁定 “餐饮场景”,重点关注「人数、时间、菜品、价格、问题原因」。 2.数字题必抓 “3 类核心”: o人数:a table for two/three(两人 / 三人桌)、four people(四人) o时间:7 pm(晚上 7 点)、in 30 minutes(30 分钟后)、delivery time(配送时间) o价格:total is 128 yuan(总计 128 元)、delivery fee is 5 yuan(配送费 5 元)、tip(小费,美式场景偶尔考) 3.同义替换是解题核心: o预订:book = reserve = make a reservation o账单:bill = check(美式) o好吃:delicious = tasty = flavorful = yummy o打包:take away = pack = doggy bag(口语) o点餐:order = place an order = take one's order 4.预判问题方向: o听到预订→预判:「How many people will come?」「When will the speakers arrive?」 o听到点餐→预判:「What will the speaker order?」「What is the specialty?」 o听到投诉→预判:「What's wrong with the food/service?」 o听到结账→预判:「How will the speaker pay?」「How much is the total?」 5.注意否定 / 转折词:but/however 后常是答案(如:The food looks good, but it's too spicy. 答案侧重 “too spicy”)。 七、住宿场景 (一)核心词汇 1.房间类型:single room(单人间)、double room(双人间)、twin room(双床间)、standard room(标准间)、suite(套房)、deluxe room(豪华间) 2.住宿相关动作:book/reserve(预订)、check in(入住)、check out(退房)、register(登记)、extend(延长住宿时间) 3.设施与服务:facility(设施)、air conditioner(空调)、wifi connection(网络连接)、hot water(热水)、 room service(客房服务)、laundry service(洗衣服务)、reception desk(前台)、luggage(行李)、key card(房卡) 4.问题与需求:complaint(投诉)、noisy(吵闹的)、leak(漏水)、broken(损坏的)、extra bed(加床)、 early check-in(提前入住)、late check-out(延迟退房) (二)高频短语 book a room in advance(提前预订房间)、have a reservation(有预订)、 check in at the reception desk(在前台办理入住)、check out before 12 noon(中午 12 点前退房) ask for a wake-up call(要求叫醒服务)、request an extra bed(申请加床) complain about the noise(投诉噪音问题)、look for a hotel nearby(寻找附近的酒店) provide room service(提供客房服务)、extend the stay(延长住宿时间) (三)经典句型 1.预订房间 1)I'd like to book a single room for three nights from July 10th to 13th. 2)Do you have any twin rooms available this weekend? I need to reserve one for two people. 3)I made a reservation online yesterday—could you check if it's confirmed? 4)How much is a standard room per night? Does it include breakfast? 2.入住相关 1)Good evening, I'm here to check in. I have a reservation under the name of Li Ming. 2)Could you show me my room, please? And where can I get the key card? 3)Is there free wifi in the room? I need to work on my laptop tonight. 4)Can I request an early check-in? I'll arrive at the hotel around 10 a.m. 3.设施与服务询问 1)Does the room have air conditioning and hot water 24 hours a day? 2)How can I order room service? I'd like to have dinner in my room. 3)Is there a laundry service in the hotel? I need to wash some clothes. 4)Could you give me a wake-up call at 7 o'clock tomorrow morning? 4.问题投诉与需求 1)I'm sorry to complain, but the room is too noisy. Could you change another one for me? 2)The shower in my room isn't working—could someone come to fix it as soon as possible? 3)Can I extend my stay for one more night? I haven't finished my business here. 4)Is it possible to have a late check-out? I need to pack my luggage slowly. 5.退房相关 1)I'd like to check out now. Could you prepare the bill for me? 2)How should I pay for the room? By cash or credit card? 3)I forgot to return the key card—where should I hand it in? 4)Is there any extra charge for the late check-out? I checked out 30 minutes later than the deadline. 八、医疗健康场景 (一)核心词汇 1.症状与疾病类(听力中高频出现,用于描述身体不适) 1)症状:symptom(症状)、fever(发烧)、cold(感冒)、cough(咳嗽)、headache(头痛)、stomachache(胃痛)、toothache(牙痛)、sore throat(喉咙痛)、fatigue(疲劳)、dizzy(头晕的)、nausea(恶心)、vomit(呕吐)、rash(皮疹)、ache(疼痛)、runny nose(流鼻涕)、stuffy nose(鼻塞) 2)疾病:flu(流感)、influenza(流感)、allergy(过敏)、asthma(哮喘)、diabetes(糖尿病)、hypertension(高血压)、fracture(骨折)、injury(受伤)、infection(感染)、cancer(癌症)、heart disease(心脏病) 2.医疗相关动作 / 行为类 1)就诊:consult a doctor(看医生)、see a doctor(看医生)、go to the hospital(去医院)、visit a clinic(去诊所)、admit to hospital(住院)、discharge from hospital(出院)、undergo an examination(接受检查)、take a test(做检查)、have an operation(做手术) 2)治疗:treat(治疗)、cure(治愈)、recover(康复)、relieve(缓解)、prescribe(开药方)、inject(注射)、operate(手术)、diagnose(诊断)、examine(检查) 3.医疗设施与服务类 1)场所:hospital(医院)、clinic(诊所)、pharmacy(药店)、emergency room(急诊室)、operating room(手术室)、laboratory(实验室)、doctor’s office(医生办公室)、nursing home(养老院) 2)人员:doctor(医生)、nurse(护士)、surgeon(外科医生)、dentist(牙医)、pediatrician(儿科医生)、patient(病人)、pharmacist(药剂师) 3)服务:medical care(医疗护理)、health check-up(体检)、emergency service(急诊服务)、ambulance(救护车)、first aid(急救) 4.药物与治疗工具类 1)药物:medicine(药)、pill(药片)、capsule(胶囊)、syrup(糖浆)、injection(注射剂)、antibiotic(抗生素)、painkiller(止痛药)、vitamin(维生素)、tablet(药片) 2)工具:thermometer(温度计)、stethoscope(听诊器)、bandage(绷带)、plaster(创可贴)、needle(针)、scalpel(手术刀) 5. 健康相关词汇 1)健康状态:healthy(健康的)、unhealthy(不健康的)、fit(健康的)、sick(生病的)、ill(生病的)、weak(虚弱的)、disabled(残疾的)、healthy diet(健康饮食)、physical exercise(体育锻炼) 2)生活习惯:diet(饮食)、exercise(锻炼)、sleep(睡眠)、rest(休息)、quit smoking(戒烟)、cut down on alcohol(少喝酒)、balanced diet(均衡饮食) (二)医疗健康场景高频短语(听力中快速定位关键信息) 1.就诊相关: make an appointment with a doctor(预约医生)、go for a health check-up(去做体检) rush to the emergency room(赶往急诊室)、call an ambulance(叫救护车)、give first aid(进行急救)、 be admitted to hospital(住院)、be discharged from hospital(出院) 2.描述症状: have a high fever(发高烧)、suffer from a headache(头痛)、catch a cold(感冒)、come down with the flu(患上流感)、 have a sore throat(喉咙痛)、feel dizzy and nauseous(感到头晕恶心)、have a runny/stuffy nose(流鼻涕 / 鼻塞)、 have a stomachache after eating(饭后胃痛)、 3.检查与治疗: take a blood test(验血)、have an X-ray(拍 X 光片)、undergo a surgery(接受手术)、 take medicine regularly(按时吃药)、apply a bandage(包扎绷带)、get an injection(打针)、 follow the doctor’s advice(遵医嘱) 4.医嘱与健康建议: take two pills a day(一天吃两片药)、rest for at least three days(至少休息三天)、drink plenty of water(多喝水)、 avoid spicy food(避免辛辣食物)、cut down on sugar and fat(少吃糖和脂肪)、 do more physical exercise(多做体育锻炼)、quit smoking and drinking(戒烟戒酒)、 get enough sleep(保证充足睡眠) (三)医疗健康场景常考句型(分 “患者表达” 和 “医生 / 医护人员表达”,贴合听力对话逻辑) 1.患者表达(描述症状、咨询病情、预约就诊) 预约与就诊开场: 1)I’d like to make an appointment with Dr. Wang. I’ve been having a bad headache recently. 2)Good morning, I’m here to see the doctor. I caught a cold three days ago and it’s getting worse. 3)Is there any available time for a check-up this afternoon? I feel dizzy and tired these days. 描述症状: 4)I have a high fever of 39 degrees Celsius and a sore throat—I can barely speak. 5)For the past week, I’ve been suffering from stomachaches after meals. What should I do? 6)I woke up this morning with a stuffy nose and a cough. Do I need to take any medicine? 7)I feel weak and nauseous, and I vomited twice yesterday. Could you examine me? 咨询病情与治疗: 8)What’s wrong with me, doctor? Do I have the flu or just a common cold? 9)How long will it take for me to recover? Can I go back to school next week? 10)Is the medicine you prescribed safe? Are there any side effects? 11)Do I need to undergo any further tests, like a blood test or an X-ray? 2.医生 / 医护人员表达(询问病史、诊断病情、给出医嘱) 询问病史与症状: 1)When did you start feeling unwell? Have you taken any medicine before? 2)How long have you had this headache? Is it a sharp pain or a dull pain? 3)Do you have any allergies to food or medicine? 4)Have you had a fever or cough recently? Did you drink or eat anything unusual? 诊断病情: 5)Based on your symptoms, you have a bad case of the flu, not just a common cold. 6)The examination shows that you have a slight infection in your throat. 7)Don’t worry—it’s just a muscle strain. You’ll feel better with proper rest and medicine. 8)You need to have an X-ray to check if there’s a fracture in your arm. 给出医嘱与建议: 9)Take this medicine three times a day, after meals. And drink plenty of warm water. 10)You should rest at home for at least five days and avoid strenuous exercise. 11)Avoid spicy, cold and oily food—stick to a light diet for the next week. 12)If your symptoms don’t improve in three days, come back for a re-examination. 13)You’d better quit smoking and drinking, as they are bad for your heart condition. 14)Make sure you get enough sleep—at least 8 hours a night is necessary for recovery. 九、打电话场景 (一)核心词汇 1.电话相关设备与工具 phone/call(电话 / 通话)、mobile phone/cell phone(手机)、landline(固定电话)、telephone number(电话号码)、 dial(拨号)、receiver(听筒)、hang up(挂断,动词短语作名词)、ringtone(铃声)、voicemail(语音信箱)、 answering machine(答录机) 2.通话动作与状态 make a call(打电话,动作名词)、receive/get a call(接电话)、return a call(回电话)、answer(接听)、dial(拨号)、hold on(稍等,动作名词)、transfer(转接)、connect(接通)、disconnect(断开)、cut off(中断,名词形式) 3.通话状态描述 busy/engaged(占线的)、no answer(无人接听)、out of service(停机 / 无信号)、line is busy(线路繁忙)、 poor signal(信号差)、wrong number(错号) 4.留言与传达 message(留言)、leave a message(留言,动作名词)、take a message(带口信)、pass on a message(传达口信)、call back(回电,名词形式) 5.人物与身份 caller(打电话的人)、receiver(接电话的人)、operator(接线员)、speaker(通话者)、 the person you want to speak to(你想找的人) (二)高频短语 1.拨打电话与接通 make a phone call to sb.(给某人打电话)、give sb. a call/ring(给某人打电话,英美通用,听力高频) dial sb.'s number(拨打某人的电话)、get through to sb.(接通某人的电话) be connected to sb.(被转接到某人)、This is sb. speaking.(我是……,自我介绍核心短语) 2.转接与等待 hold on/hang on(稍等,口语常用,可加 please 表礼貌)、hold on a minute/second(稍等一下,更具体) put sb. through(将某人转接到……)、Can you put me through to extension 102?(能帮我转分机 102 吗？) I'll transfer you.(我帮你转接。) 3.留言相关 leave a message(留个口信)、take a message for sb.(帮某人带个口信) pass on a message to sb.(把口信传达给某人)、call sb. back later(稍后给某人回电) get back to sb.(给某人回电,万能表达)、leave one's number(留下某人的电话号码) 4.挂断与结束通话 hang up(挂断电话)、ring off(挂断电话,英式英语,听力偶尔出现) That's all for now.(就这样吧。)、Thanks for calling.(感谢来电。) 5.电话故障与问题 The line is busy.(线路忙。)、The number is engaged.(号码占线,英式同义表达) There's no answer.(无人接听。)、I can't get through.(我打不通。) We got cut off.(我们的电话被挂断了。)、Poor signal.(信号不好。) I dialed the wrong number.(我拨错号了。)、The phone is out of battery.(手机没电了。) 6.其他常用短语 extension number(分机号)、call sb. at + 号码(拨打某人的…… 号码) in a hurry(赶时间,常用来解释快速挂断)、speak up(大声点,信号差时使用) (三)经典句型 1.自我介绍与询问对方身份 1)Hello, this is Tom speaking. May I speak to Lucy?(你好,我是汤姆。请问露西在吗？) 2)Hi, is that Mary?(你好,是玛丽吗？电话用语固定句式) 3)May I ask who's calling?(请问你是谁？接电话方礼貌询问) 4)Who's speaking, please?(请问你是哪位？更口语化) 5)Is there anyone answering the phone?(有人接电话吗？) 2.请求转接与等待 1)Could you put me through to the sales department?(能帮我转接到销售部吗？) 2)I'd like to speak to Mr. Smith, please.(我想找史密斯先生。) 3)Hold on, please. I'll check if he's in.(请稍等,我看看他在不在。) 4)One moment, please. I'm transferring you now.(请稍候,我正在为你转接。) 5)Sorry, he's not available right now. Shall I take a message?(抱歉,他现在没空。需要我带个口信吗？) 3.留言与回电相关 1)Can I leave a message for him?(我能给他留个口信吗？) 2)Please tell him to call me back at 138xxxx5678.(请让他回电 138xxxx5678。) 3)Could you ask her to get back to me as soon as possible?(能让她尽快给我回电吗？) 4)I'll give him a ring later.(我稍后再给他打电话。) 5)Don't forget to pass on the message.(别忘了传达口信。) 4.电话故障与道歉 1)Sorry, I think I dialed the wrong number.(抱歉,我好像拨错号了。) 2)The line was busy just now. I'll try again later.(刚才线路忙,我稍后再试。) 3)I can't hear you clearly. Could you speak up?(我听不清楚,你能大声点吗？) 4)We were cut off halfway. Let's call again.(我们中途断线了,再打一次吧。) 5)I'm sorry to keep you waiting.(抱歉让你久等了。) 5.结束通话 1)Thanks for your time. Goodbye!(谢谢你的时间,再见！) 2)I'll let you go now. Have a nice day!(不打扰你了,祝你愉快！) 3)Speak to you soon.(回头再聊。) 4)Bye for now.(先挂了。) 6.其他实用句型 1)Is this a good time to call?(现在打电话方便吗？) 2)I'm calling to confirm our meeting tomorrow.(我打电话是为了确认我们明天的会议。) 3)I'm in a bit of a hurry, so I'll make it quick.(我有点赶时间,长话短说。) 4)Could you repeat that number, please? I didn't catch it.(能重复一下那个号码吗？我没记下来。) (四)高考听力考点提示 1.高频同义替换(听力核心陷阱) busy = engaged(占线)、call = ring = phone(打电话)、take a message = leave a message(留言,主动 / 被动视角) get through = connect(接通)、hang up = ring off(挂断)、mobile phone = cell phone(手机,英美差异) 2.场景预判关键词 听到以下词汇,直接锁定 “打电话场景”: speak to、this is... speaking、hold on、transfer、message、call back、dial、wrong number、line、signal 3.常考细节信息 1)电话号码(注意数字连读、0 的读法:zero/o) 2)留言内容(时间、地点、事件、回电号码) 3)人物身份(谁打电话、找谁、接电话的人) 4)通话目的(确认约会、请假、咨询、留言) 4.典型真题例句(还原考场场景) 1) M: Hello, this is David. Could I speak to Sarah? W: Sorry, she's out shopping. Shall I take a message?(考点:留言请求与应答) 2) W: Is that the office of Mr. Brown? M: No, you've dialed the wrong number. The correct one is 789-6543.(考点:错号与正确号码) 3) M: I tried calling you three times this morning, but the line was always busy. W: Oh, sorry. I was on the phone with my client. I'll call you back this afternoon.(考点:电话故障与回电承诺) 十、求职场景 (一)核心词汇 1.职位相关 job/vacancy/position(工作 / 空缺职位 / 职位)、occupation/profession(职业 / 专业职业)、part-time job(兼职)、full-time job(全职)、internship(实习)、application(申请)、resume/CV(简历,美式 / 英式)、interview(面试)、 offer(录用通知)、recruitment(招聘)、employer(雇主)、employee(雇员)、candidate(候选人) 2.技能与资历 skill(技能)、experience(经验)、work experience(工作经验)、professional skill(专业技能)、 computer skill(电脑技能)、language skill(语言技能)、qualification(资历 / 学历)、degree(学位)、 certificate(证书)、major(专业)、graduate(毕业生)、fluent(流利的)、proficient(熟练的) 3.求职动作与流程 apply for(申请)、apply to(向…… 申请)、submit(提交)、send in(递交)、attend(参加,如面试)、 prepare for(准备)、arrange(安排,如面试时间)、schedule(安排)、contact(联系)、follow up(跟进) 4.面试相关 interviewer(面试官)、interviewee(面试者)、interview question(面试问题)、self-introduction(自我介绍)、 strength(优势)、weakness(劣势)、advantage(优点)、disadvantage(缺点)、performance(表现) 5.职场术语与福利 salary/wage(薪水 / 周薪)、income(收入)、bonus(奖金)、benefit(福利)、working hour(工作时间)、workplace(工作地点)、responsibility(职责)、duty(职责)、promotion(晋升)、training(培训)、contract(合同)、probation(试用期) 6.结果相关 hire/employ(雇佣)、reject/refuse(拒绝)、accept(接受)、turn down(拒绝,短语)、succeed(成功)、fail(失败)、 be qualified for(胜任)、be suitable for(适合) (二)高频短语 1.申请职位 apply for a job/vacancy/position(申请工作 / 空缺职位)、submit an application(提交申请)、 send in a resume/CV(递交简历)、apply to a company(向一家公司申请)、look for a job(找工作)、 job hunting(求职,短语) 2.面试准备与过程 prepare for an interview(准备面试)、attend an interview(参加面试)、have an interview with sb.(与某人面试)、 go for an interview(去面试)、make a self-introduction(做自我介绍)、 answer the interviewer's questions(回答面试官的问题)、follow up the interview(跟进面试结果) 3.技能与资历描述 have work experience in...(有…… 工作经验)、be proficient in...(熟练掌握……)、 be fluent in English(英语流利)、have good communication skills(有良好的沟通能力)、 have team spirit(有团队精神)、hold a certificate in...(持有…… 证书)、graduate from...(毕业于……)、 major in...(主修……) 4.职位与福利咨询 ask about the salary(询问薪资)、enquire about the benefits(咨询福利)、ask about working hours(询问工作时间)、 know about the job responsibility(了解工作职责)、ask about the workplace(询问工作地点)、 enquire about the probation period(咨询试用期) 5.录用与拒绝 offer sb. a job(给某人提供工作)、receive an offer(收到录用通知)、accept the offer(接受录用)、 turn down the offer(拒绝录用)、be hired by a company(被一家公司雇佣)、be rejected(被拒绝)、 be not qualified for the job(不胜任这份工作)、be suitable for the position(适合这个职位) (三)经典句型 1.申请职位与预约面试 1)I'm calling to apply for the part-time job you advertised.(我打电话是为了申请你们招聘的兼职工作。) 2)I saw your job advertisement online and want to apply for the position of sales manager. (我在网上看到你们的招聘广告,想申请销售经理一职。) 3)Could you arrange an interview for me?(能为我安排一次面试吗？) 4)When is the interview scheduled?(面试安排在什么时候？) 5)I'd like to submit my resume for your consideration.(我想递交我的简历供你考虑。) 2.面试自我介绍与技能描述 1)My name is Li Ming. I graduated from Beijing University, majoring in English. (我叫李明,毕业于北京大学,主修英语。) 2)I have two years of work experience as a teacher.(我有两年的教学工作经验。) 3)I'm proficient in using computer software like Word and Excel.(我熟练使用 Word 和 Excel 等电脑软件。) 4)I'm a team player and have good communication skills.(我有团队合作精神,沟通能力良好。) 5)My biggest strength is that I'm hardworking and adaptable.(我最大的优势是勤奋且适应能力强。) 6)I once worked in a company where I was responsible for customer service.(我曾在一家公司工作,负责客户服务。) 3.面试官提问句型 1)Could you tell me something about yourself?(能介绍一下你自己吗？) 2)Why do you want to apply for this job?(你为什么想申请这份工作？) 3)What are your strengths and weaknesses?(你的优点和缺点是什么？) 4)Do you have any relevant work experience?(你有相关的工作经验吗？) 5)How do you handle pressure at work?(你如何应对工作压力？) 6)Why did you leave your previous job?(你为什么离开上一份工作？) 7)What salary do you expect?(你期望的薪资是多少？) 4.咨询职位与福利 1)Could you tell me more about the job responsibilities?(能详细告诉我工作职责吗？) 2)What kind of benefits does the company offer?(公司提供什么样的福利？) 3)What are the working hours?(工作时间是怎样的？) 4)Is there any training provided for new employees?(公司为新员工提供培训吗？) 5)How long is the probation period?(试用期多长时间？) 5.录用与拒绝通知 1)We are pleased to offer you the position.(我们很高兴向你提供这份职位。) 2)Congratulations! You have been hired.(恭喜！你被录用了。) 3)We regret to inform you that you are not suitable for this position.(很遗憾通知你,你不适合这个职位。) 4)Would you like to accept the job offer?(你愿意接受这份工作吗？) 5)I'm sorry, but we can't offer you the job at this time.(抱歉,我们目前不能给你提供这份工作。) 6)When can I start working if I accept the offer?(如果我接受录用,什么时候可以开始工作？) 6.其他实用句型 1)I'm very interested in this job and hope to have the opportunity to work for your company. (我对这份工作非常感兴趣,希望能有机会为贵公司工作。) 2)Thank you for giving me the chance to interview.(感谢你给我面试的机会。) 3)I'll call you back to inform you of the result within three days.(我会在三天内给你回电告知结果。) 4)Could you repeat the question? I didn't catch it clearly.(能重复一下问题吗？我没听清楚。) (四)高考听力考点提示 1.高频同义替换(听力核心陷阱) resume = CV(简历,英美差异,听力中可互换)、job = position = vacancy(工作 / 职位 / 空缺) hire = employ(雇佣)、turn down = reject(拒绝)、work experience = professional experience(工作经验)、 proficient = fluent(熟练的,多用于语言 / 技能) 2.场景预判关键词 听到以下词汇,直接锁定 “求职场景”: apply for, resume/CV, interview, position, vacancy, employer, candidate, salary, benefit, responsibility, offer 3.常考细节信息 职位名称(如 sales manager, teacher, intern)、工作经验(年限、相关领域)、技能要求(语言、电脑、沟通能力等)、面试时间、地点、薪资福利(salary, bonus, benefits)、录用结果(accepted/rejected) 4.典型真题例句(还原考场场景) 1) W: Hello, I'm calling to apply for the secretary position you advertised in the newspaper. M: Sure. Could you come for an interview at 10 a.m. tomorrow?(考点:申请职位与面试预约) 2) M: What makes you think you're suitable for this job? W: I have three years of experience in administrative work and good computer skills.(考点:技能与资历匹配) 3) W: We're happy to offer you the job. The salary is 5,000 yuan per month with medical insurance. M: Thank you! I'd like to accept the offer.(考点:录用通知与薪资福利) 十一、环境场景 (一)核心词汇 1.自然环境与生态 environment(环境)、nature(自然)、ecosystem(生态系统)、natural surroundings(自然环境)、wildlife(野生动物)、species(物种)、endangered species(濒危物种)、habitat(栖息地)、forest(森林)、river(河流)、lake(湖泊)、 ocean(海洋)、mountain(山脉)、desert(沙漠)、grassland(草原)、vegetation(植被)、greenery(绿色植物)、air(空气)、water(水)、soil(土壤) 2.环境污染与问题 pollution(污染)、air pollution(空气污染)、water pollution(水污染)、noise pollution(噪音污染)、soil pollution(土壤污染)、plastic pollution(塑料污染)、waste(垃圾 / 废弃物)、rubbish/garbage/trash(垃圾,英美差异)、litter(乱扔的垃圾)、smog(雾霾)、haze(雾霾)、dust(灰尘)、smoke(烟雾)、chemical(化学品)、emission(排放物)、carbon emission(碳排放)、pollutant(污染物)、contamination(污染 / 污染物)、deforestation(森林砍伐)、desertification(沙漠化)、global warming(全球变暖)、climate change(气候变化)、acid rain(酸雨)、drought(干旱)、flood(洪水)、erosion(侵蚀) 3.环保相关(动作 / 名词) protect(保护)、preserve(保护 / 维护)、conserve(节约 / 保护)、prevent(预防)、reduce(减少)、cut down(减少 / 砍伐)、recycle(回收利用)、reuse(重复使用)、reduce waste(减少浪费)、save energy(节约能源)、save water(节约用水)、go green(践行环保)、environmental protection(环境保护)、conservation(保护 / 节约)、sustainable development(可持续发展)、eco-friendly(环保的)、green energy(绿色能源)、renewable energy(可再生能源)、solar energy(太阳能)、wind energy(风能) 4.环境状况描述 clean(干净的)、fresh(清新的)、polluted(被污染的)、dirty(肮脏的)、toxic(有毒的)、harmful(有害的)、clear(清澈的)、cloudy(浑浊的)、smoky(烟雾弥漫的)、noisy(嘈杂的)、quiet(安静的)、balanced(平衡的)、destroyed(被破坏的)、damaged(受损的) 5.相关人物与机构 environmentalist(环保主义者)、scientist(科学家)、government(政府)、organization(组织)、environmental organization(环保组织)、local community(当地社区) (二)高频短语 1.描述自然环境natural environment(自然环境)、ecological balance(生态平衡)、beautiful scenery(美丽的风景)、 fresh air(新鲜空气)、clear water(清澈的水)、green hills and clear waters(青山绿水)、be surrounded by nature(被自然环绕)、in the countryside(在农村)、in the wild(在野外) 2.环境污染问题 air/water/noise pollution(空气 / 水 / 噪音污染)、suffer from pollution(遭受污染之苦)、be polluted by(被…污染)、 throw away rubbish(乱扔垃圾)、litter everywhere(到处乱扔垃圾)、cut down trees(砍伐树木)、 carbon emissions(碳排放)、air quality(空气质量)、poor air quality(空气质量差)、toxic waste(有毒废弃物)、 water shortage(水资源短缺)、global warming(全球变暖)、climate change(气候变化)、extreme weather(极端天气) 3.环保行动与措施 protect the environment(保护环境)、preserve natural resources(保护自然资源)、 conserve energy/water(节约能源 / 水)、reduce waste(减少浪费)、 recycle paper/plastic/glass(回收纸 / 塑料 / 玻璃)、reuse bags/bottles(重复使用袋子 / 瓶子) go green(践行环保)、use renewable energy(使用可再生能源)、take public transportation(乘坐公共交通) ride a bike(骑自行车)、plant trees(种树)、stop deforestation(停止森林砍伐)、 protect endangered species(保护濒危物种)、raise environmental awareness(提高环保意识) take measures to do(采取措施做某事)、deal with pollution(处理污染问题) 4.环境影响与后果 have a bad effect on(对…… 有不良影响)、do harm to(对…… 有害)、destroy the ecosystem(破坏生态系统) break the ecological balance(破坏生态平衡)、lead to global warming(导致全球变暖) cause floods/droughts(引发洪水 / 干旱)、threaten wildlife(威胁野生动物)、lose habitat(失去栖息地) air quality gets worse(空气质量变差) (三)经典句型 1.描述自然环境 1)The environment here is very clean and peaceful.(这里的环境干净又宁静。) 2)There are many green trees and clear rivers in the countryside.(农村有很多绿树和清澈的河流。) 3)The air in the mountain is fresh and breathable.(山里的空气清新,适合呼吸。) 4)This area is famous for its beautiful scenery and rich wildlife.(这个地区以其美丽的风景和丰富的野生动物而闻名。) 5)The ecological balance here has been well preserved.(这里的生态平衡得到了很好的维护。) 2.抱怨环境污染 1)The river has been polluted by the factory nearby.(这条河被附近的工厂污染了。) 2)The air quality is getting worse and worse because of car emissions.(由于汽车尾气,空气质量越来越差。) 3)There is too much noise pollution from the construction site.(建筑工地的噪音污染太严重了。) 4)People are throwing litter everywhere, which makes the park dirty.(人们到处乱扔垃圾,把公园弄得很脏。) 5)I can't stand the smog. It's harmful to our health.(我受不了雾霾了,它对我们的健康有害。) 3.提出环保建议 1)We should plant more trees to improve the environment.(我们应该多种树来改善环境。) 2)Why not use reusable bags instead of plastic ones?(为什么不用环保袋代替塑料袋呢？) 3)It's better to take public transportation or ride a bike to reduce carbon emissions.(最好乘坐公共交通或骑自行车来减少碳排放。) 4)We must stop cutting down trees and protect wildlife habitats.(我们必须停止砍伐树木,保护野生动物的栖息地。) 5)Everyone should raise environmental awareness and do their part.(每个人都应该提高环保意识,尽自己的一份力。) 4.讨论环保措施与政策 1)The government has taken measures to deal with water pollution.(政府已经采取措施处理水污染问题。) 2)Many companies are using green energy to reduce pollution.(很多公司正在使用绿色能源来减少污染。) 3)Our school organizes activities to encourage students to recycle waste.(我们学校组织活动,鼓励学生回收垃圾。) 4)They are trying to develop renewable energy like solar and wind power.(他们正在努力开发太阳能和风能等可再生能源。) 5)There are laws to protect endangered species from being hunted.(有法律保护濒危物种不被猎杀。) 5.谈论气候影响与生态问题 1)Global warming is causing more extreme weather like floods and droughts. (全球变暖导致了更多像洪水和干旱这样的极端天气。) 2)Many species are losing their habitats and becoming endangered.(许多物种正在失去栖息地,变得濒危。) 3)Deforestation will lead to soil erosion and desertification.(森林砍伐会导致水土流失和沙漠化。) 4)If we don't protect the environment, we will face serious consequences.(如果我们不保护环境,将会面临严重的后果。) 5)The climate change has a great impact on agricultural production.(气候变化对农业生产有很大影响。) 6.其他实用句型 1)What can we do to protect the environment in our daily life?(在日常生活中,我们能做些什么来保护环境？) 2)I think it's everyone's responsibility to protect the earth.(我认为保护地球是每个人的责任。) 3)The environmental problem has become a global issue.(环境问题已经成为一个全球性的问题。) 4)Have you noticed the change in the weather recently?(你注意到最近天气的变化了吗？) 5)We need to work together to make the world a better place.(我们需要共同努力,让世界变得更美好。) (四)高考听力考点提示 1.高频同义替换(听力核心陷阱) pollution = contamination(污染)、rubbish = garbage = trash = litter(垃圾,英美差异) protect = preserve = conserve(保护 / 节约)、reduce = cut down(减少) global warming = climate change(全球变暖 / 气候变化,语境相近) eco-friendly = environmentally friendly(环保的)、renewable energy = green energy(可再生能源 / 绿色能源) 2.场景预判关键词 听到以下词汇,直接锁定 “环境场景”: environment, pollution, protect, conserve, recycle, global warming, climate change, wildlife, endangered species, energy, water, air, tree, plant 3.常考细节信息 污染类型(air/water/noise pollution)、环保措施(recycle, plant trees, take public transport) 环境问题后果(floods, droughts, endangered species)、相关政策 / 行动(government measures, school activities) 建议与态度(支持 / 反对环保行动,提出的具体建议) 4.典型真题例句(还原考场场景) 1) W: The river near our community is so dirty. There's rubbish everywhere. M: Yes. We should write to the government to ask them to deal with it.(考点:抱怨水污染与提出建议) 2) M: How can we reduce carbon emissions in daily life? W: We can ride bikes instead of driving cars and use energy-saving lights.(考点:环保措施讨论) 3) W: Many polar bears are losing their habitats because of global warming. M: That's terrible. We must do something to stop climate change.(考点:气候影响与生态问题) 十二、采访场景 (一)核心词汇 1.采访相关动作/身份 interviewer(采访者)、interviewee(受访者)、conduct an interview(进行采访)、be interviewed(接受采访)、 ask questions(提问)、respond/reply(回应)、share(分享)、introduce(介绍)、comment on(评论) 、investigate(调查)、survey(调研)、collect information(收集信息)、express(表达) 2.话题相关高频词汇 1)人物类:experience(经历)、background(背景)、hobby(爱好)、ambition(志向)、achievement(成就)、 challenge(挑战)、inspiration(灵感) 2)事件类:event(事件)、project(项目)、activity(活动)、campaign(活动/运动)、goal(目标)、progress(进展)、 result(结果) 3)观点类:opinion(观点)、view(看法)、attitude(态度)、support(支持)、oppose(反对)、approve(赞同)、 disapprove(不赞同) 4)时间/频率:recently(最近)、previously(此前)、regularly(定期地)、occasionally(偶尔)、for years(多年来) 3.态度/程度词汇 positive(积极的)、negative(消极的)、optimistic(乐观的)、pessimistic(悲观的)、satisfied(满意的)、dissatisfied(不满意的) - greatly(极大地)、significantly(显著地)、slightly(轻微地)、totally(完全地)、mainly(主要地) (二)高频短语 1.采访开场/引入: start with a few questions(从几个问题开始)、first of all(首先)、could you tell us about...(你能告诉我们关于…吗) 、thanks for agreeing to the interview(感谢同意接受采访)、let’s talk about...(我们来谈谈……) 2.话题展开/过渡: move on to the next question(进入下一个问题)、in addition(此外)、besides that(除此之外) - on the other hand(另一方面)、as for(至于)、when it comes to(说到……) 3.回应/阐述: share one’s experience(分享某人的经历)、in my opinion(在我看来)、from my perspective(从我的角度) - face challenges(面临挑战)、overcome difficulties(克服困难)、contribute to(为……做贡献) - take part in(参与)、devote oneself to(致力于)、look forward to(期待) 4.结尾总结: to sum up(总结一下)、in conclusion(总之)、thank you for your time(感谢你的时间) 、 that’s all for today’s interview(今天的采访就到这里) (三)经典句型 1.采访者提问句型(高考高频提问角度) 开场问候与引入: 1)Good morning/afternoon! Thanks for taking the time to be interviewed. Could you first introduce yourself briefly? 2)We heard you’ve just finished a wonderful project. Could you tell us what it is about? 细节询问(经历/背景): 3)When did you first develop an interest in this field? 4)What challenges did you face during the process, and how did you overcome them? 观点/态度询问: 5)What’s your opinion on the current situation of environmental protection among teenagers? 6)Do you approve of students taking part-time jobs while studying? Why or why not? 原因/目的询问: 7)Why did you decide to start this volunteer activity? 8)What was your main goal when you launched the campaign? 未来规划询问: 9)What are you looking forward to achieving in the next five years? 10)Do you have any plans to expand your project to other cities? 2.受访者回应句型(贴合听力中“信息传递+逻辑衔接”特点) 开场回应与自我介绍: 1)Thank you for having me. My name is Li Hua, and I’m a senior high school student who loves science innovation. 2) It’s my pleasure to be here. I’ve been engaged in community service for over two years. 阐述经历/过程: 3)I first got interested in painting when I was 8 years old, and I’ve been practicing it regularly ever since. 4)During the project, we met a lot of technical problems, but with the help of our teacher, we finally solved them. 表达观点/态度: 5)In my view, online learning is convenient, but it also requires more self-discipline. 6)I’m optimistic about the future of renewable energy, as more and more people are paying attention to environmental issues. 解释原因/目的: 7)I started this club because I wanted to provide a platform for students who share the same hobby. 8)We organized this activity mainly to raise people’s awareness of saving water. 提及挑战/收获: 9)The biggest challenge was time management, but I learned to balance study and the project. 10)Through this experience, I not only improved my skills but also made a lot of like-minded friends. 结尾总结/展望: 11)To sum up, it’s a valuable experience that I’ll never forget. 12)I hope more young people can join us and make a difference to society. 十三、旅游场景 (一)核心词汇 1.交通出行(其他同上):destination目的地、route路线、shuttle bus穿梭巴士 、coach长途大巴、ferry渡船 2.住宿相关(其他同上):deposit押金 3.景点与活动(Attractions & Activities) 英文词汇 音标 中文释义 高考考频 scenic spot /ˈsiːnɪk spɒt/ 景点 ★★★★☆ historical site /hɪˈstɒrɪkl saɪt/ 历史遗址 ★★★★☆ landmark /ˈlændmɑːk/ 地标 ★★★★☆ museum /mjuˈziːəm/ 博物馆 ★★★★☆ gallery /ˈɡæləri/ 美术馆 ★★★☆☆ cruise /kruːz/ 游轮观光；巡航 ★★★☆☆ hiking /ˈhaɪkɪŋ/ 徒步旅行 ★★★☆☆ sightseeing /ˈsaɪtsiːɪŋ/ 观光 ★★★★★ tour guide /ˈtʊə ɡaɪd/ 导游 ★★★★☆ group tour /ɡruːp tʊə/ 跟团游 ★★★☆☆ self-guided tour /self ˈɡaɪdɪd tʊə/ 自助游 ★★★☆☆ ticket /ˈtɪkɪt/ 门票 ★★★★★ discount /ˈdɪskaʊnt/ 折扣 ★★★☆☆ 4.咨询与服务(Inquiry & Services) 英文词汇 音标 中文释义 高考考频 information desk /ˌɪnfəˈmeɪʃn desk/ 咨询台 ★★★★☆ brochure /ˈbrəʊʃə(r)/ 宣传册；说明书 ★★★☆☆ schedule /ˈʃedjuːl/ 日程表；时间表 ★★★★☆ duration /djuˈreɪʃn/ 持续时间 ★★★☆☆ direction /dəˈrekʃn/ 方向；路线 ★★★★★ distance /ˈdɪstəns/ 距离 ★★★★☆ local cuisine /ˈləʊkl kwɪˈziːn/ 当地美食 ★★★☆☆ currency exchange /ˈkʌrənsi ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ/ 货币兑换 ★★★☆☆ emergency /iˈmɜːdʒənsi/ 紧急情况 ★★★☆☆ (二)必考短语与固定搭配 1.预订与确认(同上) 2.交通与出行 1)depart for 前往……(目的地) 2)arrive at/in 到达(小地点 / 大地点) 3)get on/off 上车 / 下车 4)pick up 接机；接人 5)drop off 送机；送人 6)be delayed due to 因…… 而延误 3.住宿相关(同上) 4.景点与活动 1)go sightseeing 观光 2)take a tour of 游览…… 3)visit a historical site 参观历史遗址 4)sign up for a group tour 报名跟团游 5)take photos of 拍照留念 6)open from...to... 开放时间为…… 到…… 7)be closed on (日期)在…… 关闭 5.咨询与求助 1)ask for directions 询问路线 2)look for information about 查找…… 的信息 3)how far is it from...to... 从…… 到…… 有多远？ 4)what's the best way to get to... 去…… 最好的方式是什么？ (三)高频句型(同上) (四)高考听力旅游场景答题技巧 1.预判考点:听到 “reservation”“book”“flight”“hotel” 等关键词时,立刻预判场景为 “旅游”,重点关注 “时间、地点、数字、人物需求”。 2.记录关键信息:用简写快速记录(如 “15th Jul” 表示 7 月 15 日,“single room” 简写为 “S.R.”),避免遗漏日期、价格、航班号等。 3.注意同义替换:高考常考同义表达,如 “book = reserve” “delay = put off” “take a bus = by bus”。 4.关注否定与转折:听到 “I'm sorry” “but” “however” 等词时,后面内容可能是答案(如 “I'm sorry, but we don't have any double rooms left.”)。 十四、节假日场景 (一)核心词汇: 1.节日名称(Festivals) 英文词汇 音标 中文释义 高考考频 补充说明(听力常见语境) Spring Festival /sprɪŋ ˈfestɪvl/ 春节 ★★★★★ 常考家庭团聚、拜年、贴春联 Mid-Autumn Festival /ˌmɪd ˈɔːtəm ˈfestɪvl/ 中秋节 ★★★★☆ 关联赏月、吃月饼、家人聚会 National Day /ˌnæʃnəl ˈdeɪ/ 国庆节 ★★★★☆ 高频考出行旅游、假期计划 Christmas /ˈkrɪsməs/ 圣诞节 ★★★★★ 涉及礼物交换、圣诞派对、购物促销 New Year's Day /njuː jɪəz deɪ/ 元旦 ★★★☆☆ 常考新年计划、跨年活动 Thanksgiving Day /ˌθæŋksˈɡɪvɪŋ deɪ/ 感恩节 ★★★☆☆ 关联感恩、家庭聚餐 Halloween /ˌhæləʊˈiːn/ 万圣节 ★★★☆☆ 涉及化妆舞会、讨糖活动 Dragon Boat Festival /ˌdræɡən bəʊt ˈfestɪvl/ 端午节 ★★★☆☆ 常考吃粽子、赛龙舟 2.假期与计划(Vacation & Plans) 英文词汇 音标 中文释义 高考考频 补充说明(听力常见语境) vacation /vəˈkeɪʃn/ 假期 ★★★★★ 与 “holiday” 同义,高频替换 holiday /ˈhɒlədeɪ/ 假期；节日 ★★★★★ 可指短期假期或特定节日 break /breɪk/ 休息；假期(如 school break) ★★★★☆ 常考 “winter break”“summer break” schedule /ˈʃedjuːl/ 日程安排 ★★★★☆ 听力中常问 “假期日程” plan /plæn/(n./v.) 计划；制定计划 ★★★★★ 核心词,搭配 “make a plan” arrangement /əˈreɪndʒmənt/ 安排 ★★★☆☆ 常考 “travel arrangements” trip /trɪp/ 旅行 ★★★★★ 短期出行,如 “a weekend trip” journey /ˈdʒɜːni/ 旅程(长途) ★★★☆☆ 较少单独考,多搭配 “long journey” destination /ˌdestɪˈneɪʃn/ 目的地 ★★★★☆ 假期出行核心考点 3.庆祝与活动(Celebrations & Activities) 英文词汇 音标 中文释义 高考考频 补充说明(听力常见语境) celebrate /ˈselɪbreɪt/ 庆祝 ★★★★★ 动词,搭配 “celebrate Christmas” celebration /ˌselɪˈbreɪʃn/ 庆祝活动 ★★★★☆ 名词,如 “a big celebration” party /ˈpɑːti/ 派对 ★★★★★ 常考 “Christmas party”“New Year party” gathering /ˈɡæðərɪŋ/ 聚会 ★★★★☆ 家庭或朋友团聚,如 “family gathering” decorate /ˈdekəreɪt/ 装饰 ★★★☆☆ 搭配 “decorate the house”“Christmas tree” gift /ɡɪft/ 礼物 ★★★★★ 圣诞、新年高频考点,同义 “present” feast /fiːst/ 盛宴；大餐 ★★★☆☆ 关联节日聚餐,如 “Thanksgiving feast” parade /pəˈreɪd/ 游行 ★★★☆☆ 常考 “Christmas parade”“National Day parade” fireworks /ˈfaɪəwɜːks/ 烟花 ★★★☆☆ 新年、国庆等节日庆祝活动 4.购物与促销(Shopping & Discounts) 英文词汇 音标 中文释义 高考考频 补充说明(听力常见语境) discount /ˈdɪskaʊnt/(n./v.) 折扣；打折 ★★★★★ 节日促销核心词,如 “50% discount” sale /seɪl/ 促销活动 ★★★★★ 常考 “summer sale”“Christmas sale” special offer /ˈspeʃl ɒfə/ 特价优惠 ★★★★☆ 听力中商家宣传高频表达 discount card /ˈdɪskaʊnt kɑːd/ 优惠卡 ★★★☆☆ 购物咨询场景常见 bargain /ˈbɑːɡɪn/ 便宜货；讨价还价 ★★★☆☆ 节日购物时 “get a good bargain” purchase /ˈpɜːtʃəs/(n./v.) 购买 ★★★☆☆ 较正式,听力中偶尔出现 5.祝福与问候(Greetings & Wishes) 英文词汇 音标 中文释义 高考考频 补充说明(听力常见语境) wish /wɪʃ/(n./v.) 祝福；祝愿 ★★★★★ 核心词,搭配 “best wishes” greet /ɡriːt/ 问候 ★★★☆☆ 动词,如 “greet friends at the party” celebration /ˌselɪˈbreɪʃn/ 庆祝活动 ★★★★☆ 名词,如 “a big celebration” joyful /ˈdʒɔɪfl/ 欢乐的 ★★★☆☆ 形容节日氛围 happy /ˈhæpi/ 快乐的 ★★★★★ 高频祝福词,如 “Happy New Year” prosperous /ˈprɒspərəs/ 繁荣的；兴旺的 ★★★☆☆ 春节祝福 “prosperous year” (二)必考短语与固定搭配 1.假期计划类 1)make a plan for 为…… 制定计划(★★★★★)例句:I need to make a plan for the National Day holiday. 2)go on a trip 去旅行(★★★★★)例句:We're going on a trip to the mountains during the vacation. 3)take a vacation 度假(★★★★★)例句:She plans to take a vacation in Hawaii this summer. 4)have a good time 玩得开心(★★★★★)例句:Hope you have a good time during the Spring Festival. 5)spend the holiday with 和…… 一起过节(★★★★☆) 例句:He will spend the Christmas holiday with his grandparents. 6)put off the trip 推迟旅行(★★★☆☆)例句:They had to put off the trip because of bad weather. 2.庆祝活动类 1)celebrate...with 与…… 一起庆祝……(★★★★★)例句:We celebrate Mid-Autumn Festival with mooncakes. 2)join in the celebration 参加庆祝活动(★★★★☆)例句:Would you like to join in the Christmas celebration? 3)decorate...with 用…… 装饰……(★★★☆☆)例句:They decorated the Christmas tree with lights and gifts. 4)exchange gifts 交换礼物(★★★★☆)例句:Friends usually exchange gifts on Christmas Eve. 5)hold a party 举办派对(★★★★★)例句:We're holding a New Year party at our house. 3.购物促销类 1)on sale 特价销售；打折(★★★★★)例句:Many clothes are on sale during the holiday season. 2)at a discount 打折(★★★★☆)例句:The shoes are sold at a 30% discount. 3)special offer for 针对…… 的特价优惠(★★★★☆)例句:There's a special offer for students during the sale. 4)get a good bargain 买到便宜货(★★★☆☆)例句:She got a good bargain on the dress in the holiday sale. 4.祝福问候类 1)best wishes for 向…… 致以最美好的祝福(★★★★★)例句:Best wishes for a happy New Year! 2)wish you a happy... 祝你…… 快乐(★★★★★)例句:Wish you a happy Spring Festival! 3)have a wonderful holiday 假期愉快(★★★★☆)例句:Have a wonderful National Day holiday! (三)高频句型 1.计划与安排类(常考对话:朋友 / 家人讨论假期) ▶句型1:What are you going to do during the [festival/holiday]?(你 [节日 / 假期] 打算做什么？) 真题例句:What are you going to do during the summer break? 解析:高考高频提问句型,核心考点是 “活动内容、时间、地点”,需快速记录关键词(如 “travel to Beijing”“visit grandparents”)。 ▶句型2:I'm planning to [activity] with [someone] in [place]. (我计划和 [某人] 去 [地方] 做 [活动]。) 真题例句:I'm planning to go hiking with my friends in the countryside during the National Day. 解析:回答 “计划类” 提问的核心句型,注意捕捉 “activity(活动)、someone(人物)、place(地点)” 三个关键信息。 ▶句型3:Have you made any plans for the [holiday]?(你 [假期] 有什么计划吗？) 解析:同义替换 “Did you plan anything for...?”, 答句可能为肯定(“Yes, I'm going to...”)或否定(“Not yet, maybe I'll stay at home.”)。 2.邀请与拒绝类(常考对话:邀请参加节日活动) ▶句型1:Would you like to join us for the [festival] party?(你愿意来参加我们的 [节日] 派对吗？) 真题例句:Would you like to join us for the Christmas dinner this Saturday? 解析:高频邀请句型,答句常为 “接受”(“Sure, I'd love to.”)或 “拒绝 + 理由”(“I'm sorry, I have to visit my aunt that day.”),理由是考点。 ▶句型2:I'd love to, but I'm afraid I can't because [reason].(我很想去,但恐怕不行,因为 [原因]。) 解析:拒绝邀请的标准句型,“but” 后的理由是听力重点(如 “have a test”“already have plans”)。 3.祝福与问候类(常考对话:节日期间寒暄) ▶句型1:Happy [festival]! Best wishes to you and your family. ([节日] 快乐！向你和你的家人致以最美好的祝福。) 真题例句:Happy New Year! Best wishes to you and your family. 解析:节日问候高频句型,回应常用 “Thank you, the same to you.”(谢谢,你也一样)。 ▶句型2:How was your [holiday]? Did you have a good time?(你 [假期] 过得怎么样？玩得开心吗？) 解析:假期结束后的寒暄句型, 答句常描述 “活动 + 感受”(如 “It was great! I traveled to Shanghai and visited many scenic spots.”)。 4.购物促销类(常考对话:顾客与商家 / 朋友讨论购物) ▶句型1:Are there any special offers for the [festival]?([节日] 有什么特价优惠吗？) 真题例句:Are there any special offers for Christmas in this store? 解析:购物咨询核心句型,答句常涉及 “折扣比例、商品类型”(如 “Yes, all clothes are 40% off.”)。 ▶句型2:The [product] is on sale for [price] during the holiday.(这款 [商品] 假期特价 [价格]。) 解析:商家宣传高频句型,重点捕捉 “product(商品)、price(价格)、discount(折扣)”。 5.活动描述类(常考对话:介绍节日活动) ▶句型1:We usually [activity] to celebrate [festival].(我们通常通过 [活动] 来庆祝 [节日]。) 真题例句:We usually eat zongzi and watch dragon boat races to celebrate Dragon Boat Festival. 解析:考查 “节日与传统活动的关联”,需熟记不同节日的典型活动 (如春节 “visit relatives”、中秋节 “admire the moon”)。 ▶句型2:The [festival] celebration will start at [time] in [place].([节日] 庆祝活动将于 [时间] 在 [地点] 开始。) 解析:涉及 “时间、地点” 关键信息,需快速记录数字(如 “7 p.m.”“City Square”)。 (四)高考听力节假日场景答题技巧 1.预判场景关键词:听到 “festival”“holiday”“vacation”“party”“sale” 等词时,立刻锁定 “节假日场景”,重点关注 “计划、活动、时间、地点、数字(价格、折扣)”。 2.捕捉同义替换:高考常考替换表达, 如 “vacation = holiday”“on sale = at a discount”“plan to = intend to”“celebrate = mark”。 3.关注否定与转折:“but”“however”“I'm afraid” 后的内容常是答案 (如 “I wanted to travel, but I have to study for the exam.” 答案是 “stay at home to study”)。 4.熟记节日关联信息:提前记住各节日的 “典型活动、食物、象征” (如圣诞节 “gift exchange、Christmas tree”,春节 “red envelopes、family reunion”),帮助快速理解对话。 十五、休闲娱乐场景 (一)高频核心词汇 1.观影娱乐(Movies & Cinema) 英文词汇 音标 中文释义 高考考频 听力常见语境补充 movie / film /ˈmuːvi/ /fɪlm/ 电影 ★★★★★ 听力中高频替换,常考 “看电影、选电影类型” cinema / theater /ˈsɪnəmə/ /ˈθiːətə(r)/ 电影院 ★★★★★ 询问影院位置、场次时间 ticket /ˈtɪkɪt/ 电影票 ★★★★★ 关联 “订票、购票、票价” book / reserve /bʊk/ /rɪˈzɜːv/ 预订 ★★★★☆ 常考 “book tickets online(网上订票)” showtime /ˈʃəʊtaɪm/ 放映时间 ★★★★☆ 询问 “最早 / 最晚场次” genre /ˈʒɒnrə/ 电影类型 ★★★★☆ 如 action(动作片)、comedy(喜剧片)、drama(剧情片) director /dəˈrektə(r)/ 导演 ★★★☆☆ 偶尔考 “喜欢的导演” actor / actress /ˈæktə(r)/ /ˈæktrəs/ 男演员 / 女演员 ★★★☆☆ 讨论演员演技 plot /plɒt/ 剧情 ★★★☆☆ 评价 “剧情精彩 / 无聊” blockbuster /ˈblɒkbʌstə(r)/ 大片 ★★★☆☆ 热门电影推荐场景 2.运动健身(Sports & Fitness) 英文词汇 音标 中文释义 高考考频 听力常见语境补充 sports /spɔːrts/ 运动 ★★★★★ 泛指各类运动,高频出现 football / soccer /ˈfʊtbɔːl/ /ˈsɒkə(r)/ 足球 ★★★★☆ 讨论比赛、组队踢球 basketball /ˈbɑːskɪtbɔːl/ 篮球 ★★★★☆ 常考 “打篮球、看篮球比赛” swimming /ˈswɪmɪŋ/ 游泳 ★★★★☆ 去游泳馆、游泳课程 running /ˈrʌnɪŋ/ 跑步 ★★★★☆ 晨跑、夜跑、马拉松 gym / fitness center /dʒɪm/ /ˈfɪtnəs ˈsentə(r)/ 健身房 ★★★★☆ 办健身卡、健身课程 exercise /ˈeksəsaɪz/ 锻炼；运动 ★★★★★ 日常休闲锻炼场景 match / game /mætʃ/ /ɡeɪm/ 比赛 ★★★★★ 询问比赛时间、结果 team /tiːm/ 团队；球队 ★★★★☆ 加入球队、球队输赢 coach /kəʊtʃ/ 教练 ★★★☆☆ 健身教练、球队教练 3.音乐舞蹈(Music & Dance) 英文词汇 音标 中文释义 高考考频 听力常见语境补充 music /ˈmjuːzɪk/ 音乐 ★★★★★ 讨论音乐类型、歌手 song /sɒŋ/ 歌曲 ★★★★★ 喜欢的歌曲、新歌推荐 singer / musician /ˈsɪŋə(r)/ /mjuˈzɪʃn/ 歌手 / 音乐家 ★★★★☆ 追星、音乐会 concert /ˈkɒnsət/ 音乐会 ★★★★☆ 抢音乐会门票、参加音乐会 album /ˈælbəm/ 专辑 ★★★☆☆ 新专辑发布、购买专辑 dance /dɑːns/(n./v.) 舞蹈；跳舞 ★★★★☆ 舞会、舞蹈课程 dance party /dɑːns ˈpɑːti/ 舞会 ★★★☆☆ 邀请参加舞会 genre /ˈʒɒnrə/ 音乐类型 ★★★★☆ 如 pop(流行)、rock(摇滚)、classical(古典) instrument /ˈɪnstrəmənt/ 乐器 ★★★☆☆ 弹奏乐器(piano 钢琴、guitar 吉他) 4.阅读与媒体(Reading & Media) 英文词汇 音标 中文释义 高考考频 听力常见语境补充 book /bʊk/ 书 ★★★★★ 读书、买书、推荐书籍 novel /ˈnɒvl/ 小说 ★★★★☆ 科幻小说、侦探小说 magazine /ˌmæɡəˈziːn/ 杂志 ★★★★☆ 阅读杂志、订阅杂志 newspaper /ˈnjuːzpeɪpə(r)/ 报纸 ★★★★☆ 看报纸、报纸上的新闻 library /ˈlaɪbrəri/ 图书馆 ★★★★☆ 借书、还书、图书馆规则 borrow / lend /ˈbɒrəʊ/ /lend/ 借(入)/ 借(出) ★★★★☆ 图书馆借书场景 return /rɪˈtɜːn/ 归还 ★★★★☆ 还书期限、逾期罚款 TV show / program /ˌtiːˈviː ʃəʊ/ /ˈprəʊɡræm/ 电视节目 ★★★★★ 追综艺、电视剧 documentary /ˌdɒkjuˈmentri/ 纪录片 ★★★☆☆ 观看纪录片、推荐纪录片 5.聚会与社交(Parties & Socializing) 英文词汇 音标 中文释义 高考考频 听力常见语境补充 party /ˈpɑːti/ 派对 ★★★★★ 生日派对、朋友聚会 gathering /ˈɡæðərɪŋ/ 聚会 ★★★★☆ 家庭聚会、同学聚会 invite /ɪnˈvaɪt/(v.) 邀请 ★★★★★ 邀请参加聚会、拒绝 / 接受邀请 guest /ɡest/ 客人 ★★★☆☆ 派对上的客人、招待客人 host / hostess /həʊst/ /ˈhəʊstəs/ 主人 / 女主人 ★★★☆☆ 派对主人、招待客人 snack /snæk/ 小吃；零食 ★★★☆☆ 派对上的零食、准备小吃 drink /drɪŋk/(n./v.) 饮料；喝 ★★★☆☆ 派对饮品、喝饮料 6.户外休闲(Outdoor Leisure) 英文词汇 音标 中文释义 高考考频 听力常见语境补充 picnic /ˈpɪknɪk/(n./v.) 野餐 ★★★★☆ 周末野餐、准备野餐食物 camping /ˈkæmpɪŋ/ 露营 ★★★☆☆ 户外露营、露营装备 hiking /ˈhaɪkɪŋ/ 徒步旅行 ★★★☆☆ 周末徒步、徒步路线 cycling /ˈsaɪklɪŋ/ 骑行 ★★★☆☆ 骑行锻炼、骑行路线 park /pɑːk/ 公园 ★★★★☆ 去公园散步、野餐、运动 walk /wɔːk/(n./v.) 散步；步行 ★★★★★ 饭后散步、公园散步 relax /rɪˈlæks/ 放松 ★★★★★ 休闲放松场景高频词 (二)必考短语与固定搭配 1.观影类 1)see a movie /film 看电影(★★★★★)例句:We're going to see a new comedy film this weekend. 2)book tickets 订票(★★★★★)例句:I need to book two tickets for the 7 p.m. show. 3)go to the cinema /theater 去电影院(★★★★★)例句:She went to the cinema with her friends last night. 4)watch a movie online 网上看电影(★★★★☆)例句:I prefer to watch movies online instead of going out. 5)in 3D / IMAX 3D/IMAX 格式(★★★☆☆)例句:The new superhero movie is showing in IMAX. 2.运动健身类 1)play football /basketball 踢足球 / 打篮球(★★★★★)例句:They play basketball every Saturday afternoon. 2)go swimming /running 去游泳 / 跑步(★★★★★)例句:I go swimming at the gym twice a week. 3)work out 健身；锻炼(★★★★☆)例句:He works out at the fitness center every morning. 4)join a sports team 加入运动队(★★★★☆)例句:She joined the school football team last month. 5)watch a sports match 看体育比赛(★★★★☆)例句:We're going to watch the football match on TV. 3.音乐舞蹈类 1)listen to music 听音乐(★★★★★)例句:I often listen to classical music when I study. 2)go to a concert 去听音乐会(★★★★☆)例句:They went to a pop concert last weekend. 3)play an instrument 弹奏乐器(★★★★☆)例句:He can play the guitar and the piano. 4)dance to music 跟着音乐跳舞(★★★☆☆)例句:We danced to music at the party last night. 5)buy an album 购买专辑(★★★☆☆)例句:She bought the singer's new album as soon as it came out. 4.阅读与媒体类 1)read a book /novel 读书 / 看小说(★★★★★)例句:I'm reading a science fiction novel these days. 2)borrow a book from the library从图书馆借书(★★★★☆)例句:He borrowed three books from the school library. 3)return the book on time 按时还书(★★★★☆)例句:You must return the book on time to avoid fines. 4)watch a TV show 看电视剧 / 综艺(★★★★★)例句:She watches her favorite TV show every Friday night. 5)subscribe to a magazine 订阅杂志(★★★☆☆)例句:My father subscribes to a sports magazine. 5.聚会与户外类 1)have a party 举办派对(★★★★★)例句:We're having a birthday party for Tom this Saturday. 2)invite sb. to a party 邀请某人参加派对(★★★★★)例句:He invited me to his housewarming party. 3)go for a picnic 去野餐(★★★★☆)例句:We're going for a picnic in the park tomorrow. 4)have a walk 散步(★★★★★)例句:My grandparents have a walk after dinner every day. 5)go camping 去露营(★★★☆☆)例句:They're going camping in the mountains next weekend. (三)高频句型 1.邀请与回应类(常考对话:朋友 / 同学邀请休闲活动) ▶句型1:Would you like to [activity] with me this weekend?(这周末你愿意和我一起 [活动] 吗？) 真题例句:Would you like to go to the cinema with me to see the new action movie? 解析:高频邀请句型,核心考点是 “活动内容” 和 “回应态度”。 接受用 “Sure, I'd love to.”,拒绝用 “I'm sorry, I can't. I have to [reason].”(理由是重点)。 ▶句型2:How about [activity] this evening?(今晚 [活动] 怎么样？) 真题例句:How about going for a walk in the park after dinner? 解析:同义替换 “Would you like to...?”,回应常为 “Good idea!” 或 “I'm afraid not. I need to [do sth.].”。 2. 询问偏好类(常考对话:讨论休闲选择) ▶句型1:What kind of [movies/music/sports] do you like?(你喜欢哪种类型的 [电影 / 音乐 / 运动]？) 真题例句:What kind of music do you like? Pop or classical? 解析:考查 “类型偏好”,需捕捉核心词汇(如 “comedy”“rock”“swimming”),答案常直接对应选项。 ▶句型2:Do you prefer [activity A] or [activity B]?(你更喜欢 [活动 A] 还是 [活动 B]？) 真题例句:Do you prefer watching movies at home or going to the cinema? 解析:二选一题型,注意 “prefer A to B” 的结构,听力中常直接给出选择结果。 3.活动咨询类(常考对话:询问时间、地点、价格) ▶句型 1:What time does the [movie/concert/match] start?([电影 / 音乐会 / 比赛] 几点开始？) 真题例句:What time does the football match start this Sunday? 解析:考查 “时间” 关键信息,需快速记录数字(如 “3 p.m.”“7:30 p.m.”),注意 12 小时制与 24 小时制转换。 句型 2:How much is a ticket for the [concert/movie]?([音乐会 / 电影] 的门票多少钱？) 真题例句:How much is a ticket for the pop concert? 解析:考查 “价格”,注意捕捉数字和货币单位(如 “$20”“¥50”),偶尔考 “学生折扣”(student discount)。 ▶句型3:Where can I book tickets for the [movie/concert]?(我在哪里可以预订 [电影 / 音乐会] 的门票？) 解析:考查 “地点 / 方式”,答句常为 “Online”“At the cinema box office” 等。 4.活动描述与感受类(常考对话:分享休闲体验) ▶句型1:I [activity] last weekend, and it was [feeling].(我上周末 [活动] 了,感觉很 [感受]。) 真题例句:I went to the gym last weekend, and it was really relaxing. 解析:考查 “活动 + 感受”,感受词(如 “exciting”“boring”“wonderful”)是核心考点。 ▶句型2:The [movie/concert/match] was so [adj.], I really enjoyed it. (那场 [电影 / 音乐会 / 比赛] 太 [形容词] 了,我很喜欢。) 真题例句:The comedy movie was so funny, I laughed a lot. 解析:形容词是答案关键,需熟记 “funny”“exciting”“amazing” 等高频感受词。 5.计划与安排类(常考对话:讨论休闲计划) ▶句型1:I'm planning to [activity] during the vacation.(我计划假期 [活动]。) 真题例句:I'm planning to read two novels during the summer vacation. 解析:捕捉 “活动内容”,常与 “时间、地点、同伴” 搭配考查。 ▶句型 2:We're going to [activity] this Saturday. Do you want to join us? (我们这周六要去 [活动],你想加入吗？) 解析:结合 “邀请” 和 “计划”,重点关注 “活动、时间”,回应是后续考点。 (四)高考听力休闲娱乐场景答题技巧 1.预判场景关键词:听到 “movie”“sports”“music”“party”“picnic” 等词时,立刻锁定 “休闲娱乐场景”,重点关注 “活动类型、时间、地点、价格、感受、邀请回应”。 2.捕捉数字信息:该场景常考 “时间(场次、比赛时间)、价格(门票、健身卡费用)、人数(同行人数)”,用简写快速记录(如 “7p.m.”“¥60”“3 people”)。 3.关注同义替换:高频替换词如 “movie=film”“cinema=theater”“work out=exercise” “book=reserve”“enjoy=love=like”,避免因替换词失分。 4.熟记感受词与类型词:提前背诵 “电影 / 音乐 / 运动类型词” 和 “感受词”,听到后快速对应选项,缩短反应时间。 5.注意拒绝邀请的逻辑:听到 “I'd love to, but...” 时,“but” 后的理由是答案核心 (如 “have to study”“already have plans”),直接对应选项中的否定原因。 十六、周围的人 (一)场景一:介绍他人(身份、关系、特征) 1.高频词汇 1)身份类:classmate(同学)、roommate(室友)、colleague(同事)、neighbor(邻居)、relative(亲戚)、stranger(陌生人)、senior(学长 / 学姐)、junior(学弟 / 学妹)、professor(教授)、coach(教练)、volunteer(志愿者) 2)关系类:close friend(密友)、best friend(挚友)、cousin(堂 / 表兄弟姐妹)、flatmate(合租室友)、workmate(工友) 3)特征类:reliable(可靠的)、considerate(体贴的)、friendly(友好的)、helpful(乐于助人的)、patient(有耐心的)、outgoing(外向的)、quiet(内向的)、hardworking(勤奋的)、humorous(幽默的)、strict(严格的) 2.核心短语 be familiar with(熟悉)、get along well with(与…相处融洽)、have a lot in common(有很多共同点)、come from the same city(来自同一城市)、be good at(擅长)、take care of(照顾)、look after(照料)、be responsible for(对…负责) 3.必备句型 1)介绍身份: ① This is my classmate Tom, who is studying in Peking University. ② Let me introduce you to my roommate Lisa—she’s from Shanghai. ③ He/She is the one who helped me with my English exam last time. 2)描述关系: ① We’ve been good friends since primary school. ② She’s my cousin who just moved to this neighborhood. ③ I get along really well with my colleague John. 3)描述特征: ① He’s a very reliable person—you can ask him for help. ② She’s considerate and always remembers my birthday. ③ My neighbor is quite quiet, but he’s very helpful when we need him. (二)场景二:谈论他人(近况、喜好、经历) 1.高频词汇 1)近况类:graduate(毕业)、promote(升职)、transfer(调动工作)、move(搬家)、travel(旅行)、 study abroad(出国留学)、fall ill(生病)、recover(康复)、get married(结婚)、have a baby(生孩子) 2)喜好类:prefer(更喜欢)、be fond of(喜欢)、be interested in(对…… 感兴趣)、enjoy(享受)、love(喜爱)、 hate(讨厌)、dislike(不喜欢) 3)经历类:attend(参加)、join(加入)、participate in(参与)、win a prize(获奖)、pass the exam(通过考试)、 fail(失败)、achieve a goal(实现目标) 2.核心短语 keep in touch(保持联系)、lose touch(失去联系)、catch up with(赶上；了解近况)、hear from(收到…… 来信)、 take part in(参加)、sign up for(报名参加)、go through(经历)、deal with(处理)、look forward to(期待) 3.必备句型 1)谈论近况: ① I haven’t heard from my cousin since she went abroad. ② My classmate just got promoted to manager—she’s really hardworking. ③ He moved to Beijing last month, so we don’t see each other often now. 2)谈论喜好: ① She’s fond of classical music and often goes to concerts. ② My neighbor hates noise, so we try to keep quiet at night. ③ He’s interested in photography and takes amazing photos. 3)谈论经历: ① My friend participated in the national English competition and won the first prize. ② She attended a summer camp in the US last year and made many friends. ③ He failed his driving test twice, but he’s still trying. (三)场景三:求助 / 帮助他人(日常需求、紧急情况) 1.高频词汇 1)求助类:help(帮助)、assist(协助)、support(支持)、aid(援助)、favor(帮忙)、borrow(借)、lend(借出)、 fix(修理)、repair(维修)、solve(解决) 2)紧急情况类:emergency(紧急情况)、accident(事故)、illness(疾病)、trouble(麻烦)、problem(问题)、 difficulty(困难) 2.核心短语 ask for help(求助)、do sb. a favor(帮某人一个忙)、lend sb. a hand(帮忙)、give sb. a hand(帮忙)、 turn to sb. for help(向某人求助)、help out(帮忙解决困难)、fix up(修理)、sort out(整理；解决)、deal with(处理) 3.必备句型 1)求助句型: ① Could you do me a favor and pass the salt? ② I wonder if you could help me fix my computer—it’s broken. ③ I’m in trouble. Could you lend me some money? ④ I need your help with my homework—can you explain this problem? 2)回应求助: ① Sure, no problem. ② Of course—I’d be happy to help. ③ I’m sorry, but I’m busy right now. Can I help you later? ④ Let me know what you need, and I’ll do my best. 3)帮助他人: ① I helped my neighbor carry her groceries yesterday. ② He offered to fix my bike for free—he’s so kind. ③ She supported me when I was feeling down. (四)场景四:询问他人信息(地址、电话、日程、偏好) 1.高频词汇 1)信息类:address(地址)、phone number(电话号码)、email(电子邮件)、schedule(日程表)、plan(计划)、arrangement(安排)、preference(偏好)、hobby(爱好)、occupation(职业)、age(年龄) 2)询问类:ask(询问)、inquire(打听)、wonder(想知道)、check(确认)、confirm(确认) 2.核心短语 ask about(询问关于……)、find out(查明)、check with(向…… 确认)、make sure(确保)、look up(查找)、 take down(记下)、note down(记下)、set up a meeting(安排会议)、make an appointment(预约) 3.必备句型 1)询问基本信息: ① Could you tell me your phone number? I need to contact you. ② Do you know what his email address is? ③ I wonder where your neighbor lives—I need to return his book. 2)询问日程 / 计划: ① What are you going to do this weekend? ② Has she made any plans for the holiday? ③ Is he available tomorrow afternoon? I want to talk to him. 3)询问偏好: ① What kind of music does she prefer? ② Does your classmate like Chinese food or Western food? ③ What’s his hobby—does he like playing sports? (五)场景五:评价他人(正面 / 负面、客观描述) 1.高频词汇 1)正面评价:excellent(优秀的)、outstanding(杰出的)、brilliant(出色的)、kind(善良的)、generous(慷慨的)、 honest(诚实的)、polite(有礼貌的)、talented(有才华的)、efficient(高效的) 2)负面评价:impolite(无礼的)、selfish(自私的)、lazy(懒惰的)、rude(粗鲁的)、careless(粗心的)、 impatient(没耐心的)、unreliable(不可靠的) 3)客观描述:average(普通的)、ordinary(平凡的)、special(特别的)、unique(独特的)、similar(相似的)、 different(不同的) 2.核心短语 think highly of(高度评价)、speak highly of(称赞)、be proud of(为…… 骄傲)、be satisfied with(对…… 满意)、 be disappointed with(对…… 失望)、complain about(抱怨)、praise sb. for(因…… 表扬某人)、 criticize sb. for(因…… 批评某人) 3.必备句型 1)正面评价: ① Everyone thinks highly of her—she’s always ready to help others. ② He’s an excellent student—he gets top grades in every exam. ③ She’s a talented singer—her voice is amazing. 2)负面评价: ① I’m disappointed with him—he promised to help but didn’t show up. ② She’s quite selfish and never shares her things with others. ③ He’s careless and often makes mistakes in his work. 3)客观评价: ① He’s an ordinary person, but he has a kind heart. ② She’s different from her sister—she’s more outgoing. ③ My colleague is average at work, but he’s very friendly. (六)高考听力应试小贴士 1.抓关键词定位场景:听到「classmate/neighbor/roommate」等词,立刻锁定 “周围的人” 场景,重点关注后续的「特征、关系、行为」描述。 2.注意否定转折词:but/however/though 后常是答案关键(如:He’s quiet, but he’s very helpful. 答案可能侧重 “helpful”)。 3.积累同义替换:听力中常出现同义替换,如「do sb. a favor = lend sb. a hand」「get along well = be on good terms」,需熟练掌握。 4.预判问题方向:听到介绍他人时,预判问题可能是「What’s the relationship between the speakers?」 「What does the man think of Tom?」；听到求助时,预判问题可能是「What does the woman need?」 「Will the man help the woman?」。 第 1 页 共 24 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $