精品解析：黑龙江省佳木斯市桦南县第一中学2025-2026学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题

桦南一中2025-2026学年度第一学期第三次月考 高二英语试卷 本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分 满分150分，考试时间120分钟 第I卷 选择题(共95分) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第 一 节(共5小题;每小题1 . 5分，满分7 . 5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中 选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时 间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.Where will the man sit? A.Next to the woman. B.Behind the woman. C.Next to the woman’s friend. 2.How much does one ticket cost? A.$20. B.$40. C.S80. 3.What will the man do this Tuesday? A.Deliver a speech. B.Meet his lawyer. C.Hold a conference. 4.What can be inferred about the girl? A.She was ill in bed. B.She passed the exam.C.She is telling a lie. 5.What would the woman like to do with the package? A.Wrap it by herself B.Have it delivered. C.Take it with her. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、 C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两 遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6 What is most probably the woman? A.A mechanic. B.A saleswoman. C.A student. 7.What will the woman do next? A.Ask Jim for help. B.Use the man’s laptop. C.Buy a new computer. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8.Where was the woman born? A.In America.B.In Britain. C.In Argentina. 9.What are the speakers probably doing? A.Catching up with each other. B.Having a job interview. C.Talking about travel experiences. 听第8段材料，回答第10 - 12题。 10.What’s the relationship between the speakers? A.Teacher and student. B.TV host and guest. C.Classmates. 11.What language is the woman studying now? ASpanish. B.French. C.English. 12.What helped the woman most in learning foreign languages? A.Listening to the radio. B.Studying in the university. C.Traveling in these countries. 听 第 9 段 材 料 ， 回 答 第 1 3 - 1 6 题 。 13.How does the man feel about flying? A.Excited. B.Bored. C.Scared. 14.Who has a driver’s license? A.The man. B.The woman. C.Neither of the speakers. 15.What does the woman say about traveling by bus? A.It’s unpleasant and inconvenient. B.It’s great tosee the scenery. C.It’s exciting to meet other passengers. 16.What means of transportation will the speakers take to get to Georgia? A.The plane. B.The train. C.The car. 听下面 一 段独白，回答第17 - 20题。 17.What was the speaker’s feeling this morning? A Excited.B.Tired. C.Nervous. 18.When did the 100-meter freestyle begin? A.At8:00. B.At8:30.C.At 9:10. 19.What was the speaker a little disappointed at? A.The result of her competition. B.Other swimmers’behaviors. C.Thejudge’s instructions. 20.What was the score of the speaker’s team? A.47 points. B.50 points.C.53 points. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并 在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Now it’s the perfect time to teach kids about growing things. Try one or more of these plant experiments for fun and learning. *Color carnations (康乃馨) Fill a glass with water and color the water. Add a white carnation stalk (茎) and watch the plant become colorful as it “drinks” the colored water. This is a great, short experiment to show how plants take in water. *Plant root vegetables Find out how root vegetables form underground by planting them in a clear container. First, fill the bottom of the container with small stones. Next, add potting soil and plant rot vegetable seeds, trying carrots or onions, evenly. Keep the soil wet and enjoy watching the rot form. Best of all, when the vegetable is done growing, you can eat it! *Study speedy sunflowers Sunflower seeds sprout (发芽) and grow quickly, making this the perfect flower for impatient children. These seeds can be started just about anywhere, even in a paper coffee cup or yogurt container. Kids love seeing the plant push its way out of the soil, wearing the seed’s outer part like a hat! Move your plant to a flower pot after it sprouts to observe the lower as it forms. *Make a grass basket Grass is another seed that grows quickly. Make a living basket by lining a basket with plastic and filling it with potting soil Put grass seeds on top and water them lightly every day. Growing plants is a great way to bring some leaning—and a little sunshine—to your daily life. Try any of these inexpensive garden experiments for a fun project this spring. 1. Which garden experiment will you choose to see how plants “drink” water? A. Color carnations. B. Make a grass basket. C. Plant root vegetables. D. Study speedy sunflowers. 2. What is special about the experiment of “Plant root vegetables”? A. It has strict requirements for temperature. B. It offers you the tasty fruits of your labor. C. It is prefect for impatient kids. D. It is boring to carry on. 3. What do sunflowers and grass have in common? A. They both need little water. B. They both welcome sunshine. C. They both prefer clear containers. D. They both grow very quickly. B Born on her family’s farm in Ray, North Dakota, Mary Sherman Morgan had been helping her father with farm work before she could attend the small-town schoolhouse. Being a few years behind didn’t hold her back and she graduated from high school with honors. Aware of her intelligence, she ran away from Ray to attend Minot State University as a chemistry major, where her skill was evident. The outbreak of World War II led to a national shortage of chemists and scientists. In spite of the fact that she was still a student and a woman, she was offered a job as a chemical analyst due to her talents, producing explosives (爆炸物) for the wartime effort. She put her degree on hold and moved to Ohio, taking on the dangerous job of analyzing unstable chemicals to produce weapons.  After the war ended there was a fall in demand for explosives, so she made a move to the field of aeronautics, moving to California to work for NAA (North American Aviation). The only woman out of 900 engineers, she was soon promoted to a role which involved calculating the performance of rocket propellants (推进剂) and designing special fuels to work with different engines. However, never having returned to complete her degree, she was not afforded the rank or higher pay of an engineer, even though she had all the skills and knowledge of one.  Her experience with propellants meant that when NAA was tasked to find a fuel capable of lifting the redesigned Redstone missiles into space Morgan was appointed technical lead on the project. National pride was on the line, so Morgan set about investigating fuels. After countless trials, she finally designed her own mixture, which was named Hydyne.  Hydyne tested well with the Redstone missiles and subsequently other aircraft (飞行器) , such as Jupiter-C rockets, proving to be a quick solution to getting to space without a total rocket redesign. The fuel made the first successful US satellite launch possible, even if Morgan silently slipped away from her success, retiring to focus on her family and leaving her chemistry career behind. 4. What do we know about Mary? A. She attended school while helping with farm work. B. She was offered a job as a chemistry analyst after graduation. C. She changed her working focus because her country’s demand changed. D. She launched the first US satellite before retiring from her career. 5. What was Mary doing after the war ended? A. Analyzing chemicals. B. Producing explosives. C. Mixing and saving fuels. D. Designing and building aircraft. 6. What made Mary the technical lead on the project of NAA? A. Her special knowledge in fuels. B. Her rank as an engineer. C. Her discovery of Hydyne. D. Her sense of national pride 7. Which of the following words can describe Mary Sherman Morgan? A. Caring and determined. B. Intelligent and skillful. C. Courageous but sensitive. D. Accomplished but proud. C Imagine that you are in a crowded place. You do not notice, but someone is watching you and learns your iPhone password(密码). Then, they steal your phone. Suddenly, your photos, documents, financial information, and the rest of your digital life have been taken from you. Apple, the iPhone maker, recently released an update to its iOS operating system. It has a new feature called Stolen Device Protection (SDP). The feature makes it a lot harder for phone thieves to open the device and access important functions and settings. Apple says the feature adds extra security for users. It addresses a drawback that thieves have used to lock device owners out of their Apple accounts, delete their photos and other files from their iCloud, and take money from their bank accounts. SDP keeps track of a user’s “familiar locations”, such as their home or workplace. It also reduces the importance of passwords. Instead, it favors “biometric”(生物识别的)features such as faces or fingerprints, which are a lot harder to copy. If a thief tries to erase or reset an iPhone, the device will require a Face ID or Touch ID scan to confirm that the person is the rightful owner. The new feature does not let someone use the password or any other backup method. Another part of the new feature is designed to slow down thieves trying to change security settings. For example, if someone tries to sign out of an Apple ID account, change the password or reset the phone in an unfamiliar location, they will have to authenticate(证实)by using Face ID or Touch ID, wait an hour, and then do a second facial or fingerprint scan. Changing an Apple ID password, updating Apple ID security settings, adding or removing Face or Touch ID, and turning off the Find My device feature or Stolen Device Protection also will lead to this feature. 8. What is the function of paragraph 1? A. To set a phone-stealing scene. B. To introduce the following text. C. To remind readers to be cautious. D. To explain how password theft directly causes device loss. 9. What can SDP do to add security for users? A. Stop iCloud files from being deleted. B. Make it less likely to enter the phone. C. Secure Apple accounts with remote locking. D. Prevent thieves from accessing bank accounts. 10. What does SDP require for resetting a stolen iPhone? A. Previous passwords. B. A new security setting. C. An Apple ID account. D. Identity recognition. 11. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. iPhone’s anti-theft measure. B. Apple ID security settings. C. Usage of biometric features. D. Apple’s iOS operating system. D Jason, a straight-A student from the University of Pennsylvania, uses the term “pseudo-working” to describe how many of us study. The pseudo-worker looks and feels like someone who is working hard — he or she spends a long time in the library and is not afraid to push on late into the night — but, because of a lack of focus and concentration, he or she doesn’t actually accomplish much. This phenomenon can be seen in most colleges. For example, at Dartmouth there was a section of the main library that was open twenty-four hours a day and the students I used to see in there late at night crowded in groups, drinking coffee, were definitely pseudo-working. By placing themselves in distracting environments and insisting on working long hours, these students are damaging their brain’s ability to think clearly and efficiently to accomplish the task at hand. In the end they get half the results with twice the effort. The bigger problem here is that most students don’t even realize that they’re pseudo-working. To them pseudo-working is work — it’s how they’ve always done it, and it’s how all of their friends do it. It never crosses their mind that there might be a better way. Straight-A students, on the other hand, know all about pseudo-working. They fear it, and for good reason it not only wastes time, but it’s also mentally tiring. In fact, the most important skill in becoming a better student is the ability to get work done quickly and with a minimum of wasted effort. Some cognitive science research concludes that about 50 minutes is the optimal learning period to maximize the material learned per time unit. So how can students manage to study efficiently? One key factor is captured in the following simple formula: work accomplished = time spent×intensity of focus. Pseudo-working features a very low intensity of focus. Therefore, to accomplish something by pseudo-working, you need to spend a lot of time. The straight-A approach, on the other hand, maximizes intensity in order to minimize time. 12. Which of the following phenomenon is an example of pseudo-working? A. Tom is busy taking notes while attending a lecture. B. Alice and Sara are sitting on the sofa reading their favorite books. C. Mike is sitting in the study room in preparation for a final exam quietly. D. Jack spends a long time in the library on his essay while listening to music. 13. What can be inferred from paragraph 3 and 4? A. Straight-A students believe some tasks are worth twice the effort. B. Too much thinking may weaken the brain’s ability of the students. C. Negative effects of pseudo-working are not fully realized by many students. D. Students will get good grades once they realize that pseudo-working is ineffective. 14. What does the underlined word “optimal’ mean in paragraph 5? A. Longest. B. Best. C. Least. D. Effective. 15. Why does the author mention the formula in the text? A. To show the benefit of working hard. B. To prove the necessity of accomplishing work. C. To emphasize the importance of concentration. D. To explain the reason for spending much time. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为 多 余 选 项 。 Looking for a way to connect with nature but you’re not sure how to when you live in the city? Here are a few ways to live in harmony with nature and reduce your pressure. ◆Go on a wildlife walk. There’s lots of urban wildlife for you to discover, so you can reach out to your city park departments to get some valuable information. ____16____ A wildlife walk is one of the easiest ways to connect with nature because it helps you to realize that you’ re surrounded by nature. ◆ ____17____ Nothing will make you feel as closely connected with the earth as walking without shoes on grass for a couple of minutes. This very direct connection with nature will make you realize that you’re part of the huge world, helping you to relax and feel calmer. ◆Attract nature yourself. One of the best ways to connect with nature is to make it come to you. ____18____ You can also fill some tubs (盆) with flowers to attract butterflies. Create a friendly place for nature and you’re sure to attract all kinds of beings passing close to your home. ◆Create a small garden. Plants and flowers are part of nature as well and even the tiniest amount of space can be turned into a beautiful garden. If you’ve got a balcony, fill it with pots full of flowers. ____19____ Imagine how satisfying it would be to share them with your friends and family. Use these tips for connecting with nature and living a more comfortable lifestyle in a big city. ____20____ A. Have a walk in a park. B. Take off your shoes and walk barefoot. C. You can grow your own vegetables on it as well. D. It’s a different way of experiencing nature and helping you to enjoy it. E. You can put a bird feeder on your balcony (阳台) or by your window. F. Meantime, this is a good method of improving your health and well-being. G. They often offer guided walks to help you enjoy the natural beauty in your cities. 第三部分 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项。 It was a chilly November morning when I stood at the starting line of the New York City Marathon. My hands ____21____ around the paper cup of coffee, seeking warmth. Just six months earlier, I had ____22____ this race after a decade-long battle with knee injuries. Doctors had warned me that running might cause ____23____ damage, but my determination outweighed the fear. The first 10 miles felt like flying. Crowds cheered ____24____, their energy creating an invisible ____25____ that carried runners forward. By mile 18, however, my legs turned to lead (铅). Each step made me recall the ___26___ I’d faced during physical therapy — the frustration of progress lost, the loneliness of early-morning exercises. Then came the Queensboro Bridge. As I climbed the steep slope, an elderly runner beside me stumbled. Without thinking, I ____27____ my pace to steady him. “Thanks, kid,” he wheezed. “This old heart still has a few miles left.” His words struck me: this wasn’t about ____28____ others; it was about finishing together. As I pushed through the last part of Central Park, all around me were ____29____ faces and shouts from tired voices. Crossing the finish line, I didn’t feel the expected ____30____. Instead, there was quiet pride—not just in completing 26.2 miles, but in having ____31____ my limits. Sports, I realized, aren’t merely about physical ____32____; they teach us that true victory lies in the ____33____ to keep moving when every cell screams to stop. Today, my marathon medal hangs next to my physical therapy discharge papers (出院证明). Together, they remind me that human ____34____ is measured not in the absence of obstacles, but in our courage to ____35____ them — step by step. 21. A. relaxed B. froze C. trembled D. waved 22. A. joined in B. agreed to C. submitted to D. registered for 23. A. permanent B. temporary C. serious D. minor 24. A. violently B. anxiously C. wildly D. silently 25. A. barrier B. current C. boundary D. shadow 26. A. pains B. rewards C. routines D. joys 27 A. maintained B. adjusted C. calculated D. increased 28. A. impressing B. defeating C. following D. blaming 29. A. unfamiliar B. excited C. painted D. exhausted 30. A. relief B. anger C. confusion D. regret 31 A. accepted B. expanded C. defended D. ignored 32. A. strength B. contact C. appeal D. conflict 33. A. refusal B. ambition C. determination D. tendency 34. A. luck B. weakness C. value D. greatness 35. A. avoid B. create C. embrace D. criticize 第Ⅱ卷非选择题(共55分) 第四部分语法填空(共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 August 3rd is Watermelon Day, an annual holiday that celebrates everyone’s favorite summer fruit. ____36____ (make) of almost 92% water, the fruit is full of vitamin A and vitamin C and antioxidants (抗氧化剂). So what are you waiting for? Get yourself a few slices of watermelon ____37____ (celebrate) this delicious holiday. Watermelon is an ancient food that ____38____ (believe) to have originated in Africa. Historians have found evidence of watermelon planting as far back as 4,000 years ago. Today, ____39____ (variety) of the fruit are grown in warm parts of the world. Because of ____40____ (it) high water content, watermelon is a kind of thirst -quenching (解渴的) fruit. In fact, in the Kalahari Desert, ____41____ watermelon is called “tsamma”, it is one of the main sources of water during the dry, hot season. In the past, people ____42____ (go) across the desert only during a good tsamma season. Some studies have shown that the antioxidants in watermelon can reduce the risk of some types of cancer. Moreover, all parts of the fruit are ____43____ (eat). Its flesh can be eaten _____44_____ (direct) or juiced. In many parts of the world, the thick green outer covering of the fruit serves _____45_____ a dish, and its seeds are dried, roasted and enjoyed like nuts. 第五部分写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你喜爱的一个英文网站正在进行“The Low-carbon Lifestyle Around Me”为话题的论坛活动。请你用英语写一篇短文放在论坛上，内容包括： 1. 你对低碳生活的理解；2. 你和家人是如何做的。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 At nine years old, Charlotte went through more than the usual amount of excitement and change for a girl. In the past few months, her stable life had been turned upside down when her father was laid off from his job. This brought about a series of events, including her parents losing their beautiful Victorian home and forcing their family into a fifteen-foot trailer(拖车)they had previously only used for weekend camping trips. Life in the trailer was tough, yet it was filled with warmth. Though her family possessed little, their door was never closed to those who had even less. Never will she forget the first time they squeezed onto the tiny couch(长沙发)together, which doubled as her parents’ bed at night. One evening, as her mother was checking the last food they had, her voice trembled, “We don’t have enough food to last the week.” Hearing this, Charlotte was seized by a sense of sadness, like a huge stone settled in her heart. Moments later, her mother rose to prepare the modest chicken dinner. Charlotte wandered outside where her dad was working on their broken-down truck. Just then, a middle-aged man with dirty clothes emerged from a winding path. Coming right up to them, the man whispered in hesitation with a mix of shame and hope, “I... I am a hiker and have got lost. I’m hungry and wondering if you have any food to spare.” Charlotte’s heart tightened, countless thoughts racing in her mind. They barely had enough for themselves. The chicken for dinner wouldn’t even fill three plates. “But the man seems to be in greater need of food than we do,” she thought to herself. 注意： (1）续写词数应为150个左右； (2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “Of course!” The words escaped Charlotte before she even realized it ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Days later, the hiker returned with a big bag. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 桦南一中2025-2026学年度第一学期第三次月考 高二英语试卷 本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分 满分150分，考试时间120分钟 第I卷 选择题(共95分) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第 一 节(共5小题;每小题1 . 5分，满分7 . 5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中 选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时 间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.Where will the man sit? A.Next to the woman. B.Behind the woman. C.Next to the woman’s friend. 2.How much does one ticket cost? A.$20. B.$40. C.S80. 3What will the man do this Tuesday? A.Deliver a speech. B.Meet his lawyer. C.Hold a conference. 4.What can be inferred about the girl? A.She was ill in bed. B.She passed the exam.C.She is telling a lie. 5.What would the woman like to do with the package? A.Wrap it by herself B.Have it delivered. C.Take it with her. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、 C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两 遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6 What is most probably the woman? A.A mechanic. B.A saleswoman. C.A student. 7.What will the woman do next? A.Ask Jim for help. B.Use the man’s laptop. C.Buy a new computer. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8.Where was the woman born? A.In America.B.In Britain. C.In Argentina. 9.What are the speakers probably doing? A.Catching up with each other. B.Having a job interview. C.Talking about travel experiences. 听第8段材料，回答第10 - 12题。 10.What’s the relationship between the speakers? A.Teacher and student. B.TV host and guest. C.Classmates. 11.What language is the woman studying now? A.Spanish. B.French. C.English. 12.What helped the woman most in learning foreign languages? A.Listening to the radio. B.Studying in the university. C.Traveling in these countries. 听 第 9 段 材 料 ， 回 答 第 1 3 - 1 6 题 。 13.How does the man feel about flying? A.Excited. B.Bored. C.Scared. 14.Who has a driver’s license? A.The man. B.The woman. C.Neither of the speakers. 15.What does the woman say about traveling by bus? A.It’s unpleasant and inconvenient. B.It’s great tosee the scenery. C.It’s exciting to meet other passengers. 16.What means of transportation will the speakers take to get to Georgia? A.The plane. B.The train. C.The car. 听下面 一 段独白，回答第17 - 20题。 17.What was the speaker’s feeling this morning? A Excited.B.Tired. C.Nervous. 18.When did the 100-meter freestyle begin? A.At8:00. B.At8:30.C.At 9:10. 19.What was the speaker a little disappointed at? A.The result of her competition. B.Other swimmers’behaviors. C.Thejudge’s instructions. 20.What was the score of the speaker’s team? A.47 points. B.50 points.C.53 points. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并 在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Now it’s the perfect time to teach kids about growing things. Try one or more of these plant experiments for fun and learning. *Color carnations (康乃馨) Fill a glass with water and color the water. Add a white carnation stalk (茎) and watch the plant become colorful as it “drinks” the colored water. This is a great, short experiment to show how plants take in water. *Plant root vegetables Find out how root vegetables form underground by planting them in a clear container. First, fill the bottom of the container with small stones. Next, add potting soil and plant rot vegetable seeds, trying carrots or onions, evenly. Keep the soil wet and enjoy watching the rot form. Best of all, when the vegetable is done growing, you can eat it! *Study speedy sunflowers Sunflower seeds sprout (发芽) and grow quickly, making this the perfect flower for impatient children. These seeds can be started just about anywhere, even in a paper coffee cup or yogurt container. Kids love seeing the plant push its way out of the soil, wearing the seed’s outer part like a hat! Move your plant to a flower pot after it sprouts to observe the lower as it forms. *Make a grass basket Grass is another seed that grows quickly. Make a living basket by lining a basket with plastic and filling it with potting soil Put grass seeds on top and water them lightly every day. Growing plants is a great way to bring some leaning—and a little sunshine—to your daily life. Try any of these inexpensive garden experiments for a fun project this spring. 1. Which garden experiment will you choose to see how plants “drink” water? A. Color carnations. B. Make a grass basket. C. Plant root vegetables. D. Study speedy sunflowers. 2. What is special about the experiment of “Plant root vegetables”? A. It has strict requirements for temperature. B. It offers you the tasty fruits of your labor. C. It is prefect for impatient kids. D. It is boring to carry on. 3. What do sunflowers and grass have in common? A. They both need little water. B. They both welcome sunshine. C. They both prefer clear containers. D. They both grow very quickly. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为说明文，主要介绍了几个适合儿童进行的植物生长实验，旨在通过有趣且富有教育意义的活动，向孩子们传授关于植物生长的知识。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。由文章Color carnations (康乃馨)部分中的“Add a white carnation stalk (茎) and watch the plant become colorful as it “drinks” the colored water. This is a great, short experiment to show how plants take in water. (添加一根白色的康乃馨茎，看着植物在“喝”彩色的水时变得五彩缤纷。这是一个伟大而简短的实验，展示了植物是如何吸收水分的。)”可知，Color carnations可以观察植物如何“喝水”。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。由文章Plant root vegetables部分中的“Best of all, when the vegetable is done growing, you can eat it! (最重要的是，当蔬菜生长完成后，你就可以吃了！)”可知，该实验的特别之处在于它为你提供了劳动的美味成果。故选B。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。由文章Study speedy sunflowers部分中的“Sunflower seeds sprout (发芽) and grow quickly, making this the perfect flower for impatient children. (葵花籽发芽，生长迅速，使其成为不耐烦的孩子完美的花。这些种子可以在任何地方开始，甚至在纸咖啡杯或酸奶容器中。)”和Make a grass basket部分中的“Grass is another seed that grows quickly. (草是另一种生长迅速的种子。)”可知，它们两者都生长得非常快。故选D。 B Born on her family’s farm in Ray, North Dakota, Mary Sherman Morgan had been helping her father with farm work before she could attend the small-town schoolhouse. Being a few years behind didn’t hold her back and she graduated from high school with honors. Aware of her intelligence, she ran away from Ray to attend Minot State University as a chemistry major, where her skill was evident. The outbreak of World War II led to a national shortage of chemists and scientists. In spite of the fact that she was still a student and a woman, she was offered a job as a chemical analyst due to her talents, producing explosives (爆炸物) for the wartime effort. She put her degree on hold and moved to Ohio, taking on the dangerous job of analyzing unstable chemicals to produce weapons.  After the war ended there was a fall in demand for explosives, so she made a move to the field of aeronautics, moving to California to work for NAA (North American Aviation). The only woman out of 900 engineers, she was soon promoted to a role which involved calculating the performance of rocket propellants (推进剂) and designing special fuels to work with different engines. However, never having returned to complete her degree, she was not afforded the rank or higher pay of an engineer, even though she had all the skills and knowledge of one.  Her experience with propellants meant that when NAA was tasked to find a fuel capable of lifting the redesigned Redstone missiles into space, Morgan was appointed technical lead on the project. National pride was on the line, so Morgan set about investigating fuels. After countless trials, she finally designed her own mixture, which was named Hydyne.  Hydyne tested well with the Redstone missiles and subsequently other aircraft (飞行器) , such as Jupiter-C rockets, proving to be a quick solution to getting to space without a total rocket redesign. The fuel made the first successful US satellite launch possible, even if Morgan silently slipped away from her success, retiring to focus on her family and leaving her chemistry career behind. 4. What do we know about Mary? A. She attended school while helping with farm work. B. She was offered a job as a chemistry analyst after graduation. C. She changed her working focus because her country’s demand changed. D. She launched the first US satellite before retiring from her career. 5. What was Mary doing after the war ended? A. Analyzing chemicals. B. Producing explosives. C. Mixing and saving fuels. D. Designing and building aircraft. 6. What made Mary the technical lead on the project of NAA? A. Her special knowledge in fuels. B. Her rank as an engineer. C. Her discovery of Hydyne. D. Her sense of national pride 7 Which of the following words can describe Mary Sherman Morgan? A. Caring and determined. B. Intelligent and skillful. C. Courageous but sensitive. D. Accomplished but proud. 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了Mary Sherman Morgan的生平，她从农场女孩成长为化学分析师，后因战争需求转行，最终在航空领域取得重大成就的故事。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“The outbreak of World War II led to a national shortage of chemists and scientists.(第二次世界大战的爆发导致了全国化学家和科学家的短缺。)”和第三段“After the war ended there was a fall in demand for explosives, so she made a move to the field of aeronautics(战争结束后，炸药的需求出现下滑，于是她转向了航空领域)”可知，Mary的工作重点从化学家转向了航空领域，是因为国家的需求发生了变化。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“After the war ended there was a fall in demand for explosives, so she made a move to the field of aeronautics, moving to California to work for NAA (North American Aviation). The only woman out of 900 engineers, she was soon promoted to a role which involved calculating the performance of rocket propellants (推进剂) and designing special fuels to work with different engines.(战争结束后，炸药的需求出现下滑，于是她转向了航空领域，移居加利福尼亚为北美航空公司（NAA）效力。作为 900 名工程师中唯一的女性，她很快得到晋升，负责计算火箭推进剂的性能，并为不同发动机设计专用燃料。)”可知，战后Mary在设计和制造飞行器。故选D。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Her experience with propellants meant that when NAA was tasked to find a fuel capable of lifting the redesigned Redstone missiles into space, Morgan was appointed technical lead on the project.(她在推进剂方面的经验意味着，当NAA被委以寻找一种能够将重新设计的红石导弹送入太空的燃料时，摩根被任命为该项目的技术负责人。)”可知，Mary在推进剂方面的特殊知识使她成为NAA项目的技术负责人。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Aware of her intelligence, she ran away from Ray to attend Minot State University as a chemistry major, where her skill was evident.(意识到自己的聪明，她从Ray逃走，进入Minot州立大学主修化学，在那里她的技能很明显。)”可知，Mary是一个聪明且有技能的人。故选B。 C Imagine that you are in a crowded place. You do not notice but someone is watching you and learns your iPhone password(密码). Then, they steal your phone. Suddenly, your photos, documents, financial information, and the rest of your digital life have been taken from you. Apple, the iPhone maker, recently released an update to its iOS operating system. It has a new feature called Stolen Device Protection (SDP). The feature makes it a lot harder for phone thieves to open the device and access important functions and settings. Apple says the feature adds extra security for users. It addresses a drawback that thieves have used to lock device owners out of their Apple accounts, delete their photos and other files from their iCloud, and take money from their bank accounts. SDP keeps track of a user’s “familiar locations”, such as their home or workplace. It also reduces the importance of passwords. Instead, it favors “biometric”(生物识别的)features such as faces or fingerprints, which are a lot harder to copy. If a thief tries to erase or reset an iPhone, the device will require a Face ID or Touch ID scan to confirm that the person is the rightful owner. The new feature does not let someone use the password or any other backup method. Another part of the new feature is designed to slow down thieves trying to change security settings. For example, if someone tries to sign out of an Apple ID account, change the password or reset the phone in an unfamiliar location, they will have to authenticate(证实)by using Face ID or Touch ID, wait an hour, and then do a second facial or fingerprint scan. Changing an Apple ID password, updating Apple ID security settings, adding or removing Face or Touch ID, and turning off the Find My device feature or Stolen Device Protection also will lead to this feature. 8. What is the function of paragraph 1? A. To set a phone-stealing scene. B. To introduce the following text. C. To remind readers to be cautious. D. To explain how password theft directly causes device loss. 9. What can SDP do to add security for users? A. Stop iCloud files from being deleted. B. Make it less likely to enter the phone. C. Secure Apple accounts with remote locking. D. Prevent thieves from accessing bank accounts. 10. What does SDP require for resetting a stolen iPhone? A. Previous passwords. B. A new security setting. C. An Apple ID account. D. Identity recognition. 11. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. iPhone’s anti-theft measure. B. Apple ID security settings. C. Usage of biometric features. D. Apple’s iOS operating system. 【答案】8. B 9. B 10. D 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了iPhone的“失窃设备保护”功能。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。第一段“Imagine that you are in a crowded place. You do not notice, but someone is watching you and learns your iPhone password(密码). Then, they steal your phone. Suddenly, your photos, documents, financial information, and the rest of your digital life have been taken from you.(想象你在一个拥挤的地方。你没有注意到，有人在看着你，并且知道了你的iPhone密码。然后，他们偷了你的手机。突然之间，你的照片、文件、财务信息和你数字生活的其余部分都被拿走了)”假设了一个情境：别人盗取你的iPhone密码然后手机上的个人信息被泄露，下文介绍了iPhone的“失窃设备保护”功能，这一功能使得手机窃贼更难打开手机并访问重要信息，故第一段的作用是为了介绍接下来的内容，故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“It has a new feature called Stolen Device Protection (SDP). The feature makes it a lot harder for phone thieves to open the device and access important functions and settings.(它有一个新功能，称为失窃设备保护（SDP）。这一功能使得手机窃贼更难打开手机并访问重要功能和设置)”可知，SDP可以让手机不太容易被他人打开，故选B。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“If a thief tries to erase or reset an iPhone, the device will require a Face ID or Touch ID scan to confirm that the person is the rightful owner.(如果小偷试图删除或重置iPhone，该设备将需要面部识别或触摸识别扫描，以确认该人是合法的所有者)”可知，如果想重置iPhone，需要身份确认，故选D。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第二段“Apple, the iPhone maker, recently released an update to its iOS operating system. It has a new feature called Stolen Device Protection (SDP). The feature makes it a lot harder for phone thieves to open the device and access important functions and settings.(iPhone制造商苹果公司（Apple）最近发布了iOS操作系统的更新。它有一个新功能，称为被盗设备保护（SDP）。这一功能使得手机窃贼更难打开手机并访问重要功能和设置)”可知，文章主要介绍了iPhone的“失窃设备保护”功能，故选A。 D Jason, a straight-A student from the University of Pennsylvania, uses the term “pseudo-working” to describe how many of us study. The pseudo-worker looks and feels like someone who is working hard — he or she spends a long time in the library and is not afraid to push on late into the night — but, because of a lack of focus and concentration, he or she doesn’t actually accomplish much. This phenomenon can be seen in most colleges. For example, at Dartmouth there was a section of the main library that was open twenty-four hours a day and the students I used to see in there late at night crowded in groups, drinking coffee, were definitely pseudo-working. By placing themselves in distracting environments and insisting on working long hours, these students are damaging their brain’s ability to think clearly and efficiently to accomplish the task at hand. In the end they get half the results with twice the effort. The bigger problem here is that most students don’t even realize that they’re pseudo-working. To them pseudo-working is work — it’s how they’ve always done it, and it’s how all of their friends do it. It never crosses their mind that there might be a better way. Straight-A students, on the other hand, know all about pseudo-working. They fear it, and for good reason it not only wastes time, but it’s also mentally tiring. In fact, the most important skill in becoming a better student is the ability to get work done quickly and with a minimum of wasted effort. Some cognitive science research concludes that about 50 minutes is the optimal learning period to maximize the material learned per time unit. So how can students manage to study efficiently? One key factor is captured in the following simple formula: work accomplished = time spent×intensity of focus. Pseudo-working features a very low intensity of focus. Therefore, to accomplish something by pseudo-working, you need to spend a lot of time. The straight-A approach, on the other hand, maximizes intensity in order to minimize time. 12. Which of the following phenomenon is an example of pseudo-working? A. Tom is busy taking notes while attending a lecture. B. Alice and Sara are sitting on the sofa reading their favorite books. C. Mike is sitting in the study room in preparation for a final exam quietly. D. Jack spends a long time in the library on his essay while listening to music. 13. What can be inferred from paragraph 3 and 4? A. Straight-A students believe some tasks are worth twice the effort. B. Too much thinking may weaken the brain’s ability of the students. C. Negative effects of pseudo-working are not fully realized by many students. D. Students will get good grades once they realize that pseudo-working is ineffective. 14. What does the underlined word “optimal’ mean in paragraph 5? A. Longest. B. Best. C. Least. D. Effective. 15. Why does the author mention the formula in the text? A. To show the benefit of working hard. B. To prove the necessity of accomplishing work. C. To emphasize the importance of concentration. D. To explain the reason for spending much time. 【答案】12 D 13. C 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍“伪学习”现象的表现、危害及高效学习的方法。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The pseudo-worker looks and feels like someone who is working hard — he or she spends a long time in the library and is not afraid to push on late into the night — but, because of a lack of focus and concentration, he or she doesn’t actually accomplish much.(伪学习者看起来和感觉上都像是在努力学习的人——他或她在图书馆花很长时间，不怕熬夜到很晚——但由于缺乏专注和集中，他或她实际上并没有完成多少事情。)”可知，伪学习的特点是花费大量时间但注意力不集中，收效甚微。杰克在图书馆花很长时间写论文却听着音乐，符合这一特征。故选D项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“By placing themselves in distracting environments and insisting on working long hours, these students are damaging their brain’s ability to think clearly and efficiently to accomplish the task at hand.(这些学生把自己置于容易分心的环境中，坚持长时间学习，这损害了他们清晰高效地思考以完成手头任务的能力。)”以及第四段中的“The bigger problem here is that most students don’t even realize that they’re pseudo-working.(更大的问题是，大多数学生甚至没有意识到自己在伪学习。)”可知，伪学习有负面影响，但很多学生并未完全意识到。故选C项。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第五段中的“Some cognitive science research concludes that about 50 minutes is the optimal learning period to maximize the material learned per time unit.(一些认知科学研究得出结论，大约50分钟是optimal学习时间，以最大限度地提高每单位时间所学的材料。)”可知，对于学习来说，提高效率非常重要，为了效率的最大化，50分钟的时间应该是“最适合的”或者“最佳的”，所以，“optimal”的意思与Best意义相近。故选B项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段中的“One key factor is captured in the following simple formula: work accomplished = time spent×intensity of focus. Pseudo-working features a very low intensity of focus. Therefore, to accomplish something by pseudo-working, you need to spend a lot of time. The straight-A approach, on the other hand, maximizes intensity in order to minimize time.(以下简单公式体现了一个关键因素：完成的工作量=花费的时间×专注强度。伪学习的特点是专注强度很低。因此，通过伪学习来完成某件事，你需要花费大量时间。另一方面，优等生的方法是最大限度地提高专注强度，以最小化时间。)”可知，作者提到这个公式是为了强调专注的重要性，专注强度高才能在更少时间内完成更多工作。故选C项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为 多 余 选 项 。 Looking for a way to connect with nature but you’re not sure how to when you live in the city? Here are a few ways to live in harmony with nature and reduce your pressure. ◆Go on a wildlife walk. There’s lots of urban wildlife for you to discover, so you can reach out to your city park departments to get some valuable information. ____16____ A wildlife walk is one of the easiest ways to connect with nature because it helps you to realize that you’ re surrounded by nature. ◆ ____17____ Nothing will make you feel as closely connected with the earth as walking without shoes on grass for a couple of minutes. This very direct connection with nature will make you realize that you’re part of the huge world, helping you to relax and feel calmer. ◆Attract nature yourself. One of the best ways to connect with nature is to make it come to you. ____18____ You can also fill some tubs (盆) with flowers to attract butterflies. Create a friendly place for nature and you’re sure to attract all kinds of beings passing close to your home. ◆Create a small garden. Plants and flowers are part of nature as well and even the tiniest amount of space can be turned into a beautiful garden. If you’ve got a balcony, fill it with pots full of flowers. ____19____ Imagine how satisfying it would be to share them with your friends and family. Use these tips for connecting with nature and living a more comfortable lifestyle in a big city. ____20____ A. Have a walk in a park. B. Take off your shoes and walk barefoot. C. You can grow your own vegetables on it as well. D. It’s a different way of experiencing nature and helping you to enjoy it. E. You can put a bird feeder on your balcony (阳台) or by your window. F. Meantime, this is a good method of improving your health and well-being. G. They often offer guided walks to help you enjoy the natural beauty in your cities. 【答案】16. G 17. B 18. E 19. C 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些在城市中与自然和谐相处并减轻压力的方法。 【16题详解】 根据上文“There’s lots of urban wildlife for you to discover, so you can reach out to your city park departments to get some valuable information. (有很多城市野生动物等待你去发现，所以你可以联系你所在城市的公园部门，获取一些有价值的信息)”可知，此处建议联系城市公园部门获取信息，G项“他们经常提供有导游的步行活动，帮助你欣赏城市中的自然美景”承接上文，说明联系城市公园部门的好处，符合语境。故选G。 【17题详解】 空处为小标题，根据下文“Nothing will make you feel as closely connected with the earth as walking without shoes on grass for a couple of minutes. (没有什么比在草地上赤脚走上几分钟更能让你感受到与大地的紧密联系了)”可知，本段主要讲述的是赤脚在草地上行走，B项“脱掉鞋子，赤脚行走”符合语境。故选B。 【18题详解】 根据上文“One of the best ways to connect with nature is to make it come to you. (与自然建立联系的最佳方式之一就是让自然来到你身边。)”以及下文“You can also fill some tubs (盆) with flowers to attract butterflies. (你也可以在盆里种满花来吸引蝴蝶)”可知，此处建议吸引自然来到身边，E项“你可以在阳台上或窗户旁边放一个喂鸟器”符合语境。故选E。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Plants and flowers are part of nature as well and even the tiniest amount of space can be turned into a beautiful garden. If you’ve got a balcony, fill it with pots full of flowers. (植物和花朵也是自然的一部分，即使是最小的空间也可以变成一个美丽的花园。如果你有一个阳台，就把它摆满装满花的盆)”可知，此处建议利用阳台空间种植植物，C项“你也可以在上面种植自己的蔬菜”承接上文，说明还可以在阳台上种植蔬菜，符合语境。故选C。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Use these tips for connecting with nature and living a more comfortable lifestyle in a big city. (使用这些建议，在大城市中与自然建立联系，过上更舒适的生活)”可知，此处总结上文，说明使用这些建议的好处，F项“同时，这是改善你的健康和福祉的好方法”符合语境。故选F。 第三部分 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项。 It was a chilly November morning when I stood at the starting line of the New York City Marathon. My hands ____21____ around the paper cup of coffee, seeking warmth. Just six months earlier, I had ____22____ this race after a decade-long battle with knee injuries. Doctors had warned me that running might cause ____23____ damage, but my determination outweighed the fear. The first 10 miles felt like flying. Crowds cheered ____24____, their energy creating an invisible ____25____ that carried runners forward. By mile 18, however, my legs turned to lead (铅). Each step made me recall the ___26___ I’d faced during physical therapy — the frustration of progress lost, the loneliness of early-morning exercises. Then came the Queensboro Bridge. As I climbed the steep slope, an elderly runner beside me stumbled. Without thinking, I ____27____ my pace to steady him. “Thanks, kid,” he wheezed. “This old heart still has a few miles left.” His words struck me: this wasn’t about ____28____ others; it was about finishing together. As I pushed through the last part of Central Park, all around me were ____29____ faces and shouts from tired voices. Crossing the finish line, I didn’t feel the expected ____30____. Instead, there was quiet pride—not just in completing 26.2 miles, but in having ____31____ my limits. Sports, I realized, aren’t merely about physical ____32____; they teach us that true victory lies in the ____33____ to keep moving when every cell screams to stop. Today, my marathon medal hangs next to my physical therapy discharge papers (出院证明). Together, they remind me that human ____34____ is measured not in the absence of obstacles, but in our courage to ____35____ them — step by step. 21. A. relaxed B. froze C. trembled D. waved 22. A. joined in B. agreed to C. submitted to D. registered for 23. A. permanent B. temporary C. serious D. minor 24. A. violently B. anxiously C. wildly D. silently 25. A. barrier B. current C. boundary D. shadow 26. A. pains B. rewards C. routines D. joys 27. A. maintained B. adjusted C. calculated D. increased 28. A. impressing B. defeating C. following D. blaming 29. A. unfamiliar B. excited C. painted D. exhausted 30. A. relief B. anger C. confusion D. regret 31. A. accepted B. expanded C. defended D. ignored 32. A. strength B. contact C. appeal D. conflict 33. A. refusal B. ambition C. determination D. tendency 34. A. luck B. weakness C. value D. greatness 35. A. avoid B. create C. embrace D. criticize 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述的是作者参加纽约市马拉松比赛的经历和感悟。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的手在纸杯咖啡周围颤抖，寻找温暖。A. relaxed使放松；B. froze结冰；C. trembled颤抖；D. waved挥动。根据上文“It was a chilly November morning”可知，因为冷，作者的手颤抖。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：就在六个月前，在与膝盖受伤抗争了十年之后，我报名参加了这场比赛。A. joined in参加；B. agreed to同意；C. submitted to屈从于；D. registered for报名参加。根据下一段“The first 10 miles felt like flying.”可知，作者六个月前报名参加了这个比赛。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：医生曾警告我，跑步可能会造成永久性损伤，但我的决心战胜了恐惧。A. permanent永久的；B. temporary暂时的；C. serious严重的；D. minor较小的。根据上文“decade-long battle with knee injuries”可知，医生警告作者跑步可能会造成永久性损伤。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：人群疯狂地欢呼喝彩，他们所迸发出的活力形成了一股无形的力量，推动着赛跑者们不断向前。A. violently猛烈地；B. anxiously焦虑地；C. wildly疯狂地；D. silently安静地。根据下文“their energy”可知，人群疯狂地欢呼。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：人群疯狂地欢呼喝彩，他们所迸发出的活力形成了一股无形的力量，推动着赛跑者们不断向前。A. barrier障碍；B. current力量，趋势；C. boundary分界线；D. shadow影子。根据下文“that carried runners forward”可知，人群的活力形成了一种力量。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每走一步都让我回想起理疗时的痛苦——失去进步的挫败感，清晨锻炼的孤独感。A. pains痛苦；B. rewards回报；C. routines常规；D. joys高兴。根据下文“the frustration of progress lost, the loneliness of early-morning exercises”可知，作者想起理疗时的痛苦。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不假思索地调整了脚步，稳住了他。A. maintained保持；B. adjusted调整；C. calculated计算；D. increased增加。根据下文“to steady him”可知，作者调整步伐来稳住那个老人。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的话打动了我：这不是要打败别人。A. impressing给……留下印象；B. defeating打败；C. following跟随；D. blaming责备。根据下文“it was about finishing together”以及作者在参加马拉松比赛可知，老人的意思是这不是要打败别人。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我穿过中央公园的最后一部分时，我周围都是疲惫的面孔和疲惫的喊叫声。A. unfamiliar不熟悉的；B. excited兴奋的；C. painted着色的；D. exhausted筋疲力尽的。根据上文“As I pushed through the last part of Central Park”和下文“shouts from tired voices”可知，比赛接近尾声时大家应该是筋疲力尽的状态。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：冲过终点线时，我并没有感受到预期中的轻松。A. relief轻松；B. anger生气；C. confusion困惑；D. regret后悔。根据上文“Crossing the finish line”可知，作者跑完比赛以后并没有觉得轻松。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：取而代之的是一种安静的自豪感——不仅因为跑完了26.2英里，而且因为扩大了我的极限。A. accepted接受；B. expanded扩大；C. defended保护；D. ignored忽视。根据上文“completing 26.2 miles”可知，作者通过参加这个比赛扩大了自己的极限。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我意识到，运动不仅仅是关于体力的；他们告诉我们，真正的胜利在于当每个细胞都在尖叫着停止时，我们仍决心继续前进。A. strength力量；B. contact联系；C. appeal吸引力；D. conflict矛盾。根据上文“Sports”可知，作者觉得运动不仅仅是关于体力。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我意识到，运动不仅仅是关于体力的；他们告诉我们，真正的胜利在于当每个细胞都在尖叫着停止时，我们仍决心继续前进。A. refusal拒绝；B. ambition野心；C. determination决心；D. tendency趋势。根据下文“keep moving when every cell screams to stop”可知，此处表示继续前进的决心。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们共同提醒我，衡量人类的伟大不是看有没有障碍，而是看我们有勇气一步一步地迎接障碍。A. luck运气；B. weakness缺点；C. value价值；D. greatness伟大。根据下文“measured not in the absence of obstacles”，“in our courage”和“step by step”可知，此处是指衡量人类的伟大。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们共同提醒我，衡量人类的伟大不是看有没有障碍，而是看我们有勇气一步一步地迎接障碍。A. avoid避免；B. create创造；C. embrace欣然接受；D. criticize批评。根据上文“obstacles”和下文“our courage”及“step by step”可知，此处是指有勇气一步步地迎接障碍，空格处用“欣然接受”。故选C。 第Ⅱ卷非选择题(共55分) 第四部分语法填空(共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 August 3rd is Watermelon Day, an annual holiday that celebrates everyone’s favorite summer fruit. ____36____ (make) of almost 92% water, the fruit is full of vitamin A and vitamin C and antioxidants (抗氧化剂). So what are you waiting for? Get yourself a few slices of watermelon ____37____ (celebrate) this delicious holiday. Watermelon is an ancient food that ____38____ (believe) to have originated in Africa. Historians have found evidence of watermelon planting as far back as 4,000 years ago. Today, ____39____ (variety) of the fruit are grown in warm parts of the world. Because of ____40____ (it) high water content, watermelon is a kind of thirst -quenching (解渴) fruit. In fact, in the Kalahari Desert, ____41____ watermelon is called “tsamma”, it is one of the main sources of water during the dry, hot season. In the past, people ____42____ (go) across the desert only during a good tsamma season. Some studies have shown that the antioxidants in watermelon can reduce the risk of some types of cancer. Moreover, all parts of the fruit are ____43____ (eat). Its flesh can be eaten _____44_____ (direct) or juiced. In many parts of the world, the thick green outer covering of the fruit serves _____45_____ a dish, and its seeds are dried, roasted and enjoyed like nuts. 【答案】36. Made 37. to celebrate 38. is believed 39. varieties 40. its 41. where 42. went 43. eatable 44. directly 45. as 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了“西瓜日”（8月3日）及其主角——西瓜的特点、历史和价值。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这种水果几乎由92%的水分构成，富含维生素A、维生素C和抗氧化剂。空处为非谓语动词作状语，the fruit和make为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Made。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：给自己来几片西瓜，庆祝这个美味的节日吧。空处作目的状语，需用动词不定式。故填to celebrate。 【38题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：西瓜是一种古老的食物，人们认为它起源于非洲。be believed to do为固定句式，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为an ancient food，谓语为单数形式。故填is believed。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：如今，世界各地温暖的地区都种植着各种各样的西瓜。varieties of为固定短语，意为“各种各样的”。故填varieties。 【40题详解】 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：由于其高含水量，西瓜是一种解渴的水果。根据空后的high water content可知，空处为形容词性物主代词限定名词。故填its。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：事实上，在卡拉哈里沙漠（当地人称西瓜为“tsamma”），它是干热季节的主要水源之一。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为in the Kalahari Desert，在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【42题详解】 考查时态。句意：过去，人们只有在西瓜丰收的季节才会穿越沙漠。根据In the past可知，本句为一般过去时。故填went。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：此外，这种水果的各个部分都可以食用。be动词后接形容词作表语，eatable。故填eatable。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：它的果肉可以直接食用或榨汁。副词directly作状语修饰动词be eaten。故填directly。 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意：在世界许多地方，西瓜厚厚的绿色外皮可以作为一道菜，而它的种子经过烘干、烘烤后，吃起来就像坚果一样。serve as为固定短语，意为“充当”。故填as。 第五部分写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你喜爱的一个英文网站正在进行“The Low-carbon Lifestyle Around Me”为话题的论坛活动。请你用英语写一篇短文放在论坛上，内容包括： 1. 你对低碳生活的理解；2. 你和家人是如何做的。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: The Low-carbon Lifestyle Around Me With climate change becoming a global challenge, low-carbon living has gained increasing importance. In my view, it means reducing carbon footprints through sustainable daily choices like using resources wisely and minimizing waste. My family actively embraces this lifestyle. Since we switched to energy-saving bulbs, our electricity bill has dropped by 20%. Although my father used to drive to work, he now cycles or takes the metro. Meanwhile, my mother carries reusable bags for shopping so that plastic waste is reduced. As for me, I reuse water bottles and take shorter showers. Even small changes like these contribute to a greener planet. If everyone adopts such habits, we can collectively make a significant environmental impact. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求学生以李华的身份，参与英文网站的论坛活动，讨论自己身边的低碳生活方式，应首先阐释对低碳生活的理解，再分享自己和家人的做法。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 增长的：increasing→growing, rising 意味着：mean→signify, indicate 减少：reduce→decrease 乐意采纳：embrace→welcome 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：With climate change becoming a global challenge, low-carbon living has gained increasing importance. 拓展句：As climate change becomes a global challenge, low-carbon living has gained increasing importance. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Since we switched to energy-saving bulbs, our electricity bill has dropped by 20%. (运用了Since引导时间状语从句) [高分句型2] Although my father used to drive to work, he now cycles or takes the metro. (运用了Although引导让步状语从句) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 At nine years old, Charlotte went through more than the usual amount of excitement and change for a girl. In the past few months, her stable life had been turned upside down when her father was laid off from his job. This brought about a series of events, including her parents losing their beautiful Victorian home and forcing their family into a fifteen-foot trailer(拖车)they had previously only used for weekend camping trips. Life in the trailer was tough, yet it was filled with warmth. Though her family possessed little, their door was never closed to those who had even less. Never will she forget the first time they squeezed onto the tiny couch(长沙发)together, which doubled as her parents’ bed at night. One evening, as her mother was checking the last food they had, her voice trembled, “We don’t have enough food to last the week.” Hearing this, Charlotte was seized by a sense of sadness, like a huge stone settled in her heart. Moments later, her mother rose to prepare the modest chicken dinner. Charlotte wandered outside where her dad was working on their broken-down truck. Just then, a middle-aged man with dirty clothes emerged from a winding path. Coming right up to them, the man whispered in hesitation with a mix of shame and hope, “I... I am a hiker and have got lost. I’m hungry and wondering if you have any food to spare.” Charlotte’s heart tightened, countless thoughts racing in her mind. They barely had enough for themselves. The chicken for dinner wouldn’t even fill three plates. “But the man seems to be in greater need of food than we do,” she thought to herself. 注意： (1）续写词数应为150个左右； (2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “Of course!” The words escaped Charlotte before she even realized it. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Days later, the hiker returned with a big bag. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: “Of course!” The words escaped Charlotte before she even realized it. She turned to her dad, who nodded without hesitation. With light steps, Charlotte went inside and told her mum. They invited the man to have dinner together and Charlotte’s mother divided the chicken into four portions instead of three, the biggest share for him. The man’s face lit up with gratitude as he took a bite, “The most delicious chicken in my life.” As they ate together in the trailer, laughter bubbled up—stories were shared, and for a moment, the bitterness of their life was left behind. After dinner, her father showed the hiker the right way. He thanked them repeatedly and hit the road. Days later, the hiker returned with a big bag. Inside the bag were some canned foods, fresh bread and even a small bag of candies for Charlotte. “I couldn’t forget your kindness,” he explained gratefully. Charlotte hugged him, her eyes sparkling, while her father clapped him on the back like an old friend. That evening, they feasted on a proper meal, a warm atmosphere flowing in the trailer, as if hope itself knocked on their door. The hiker’s gesture not only filled their stomachs but also warmed their hearts. It was a reminder that even in the darkest times, kindness has a way of circling back when least expected. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Charlotte一家在经历生活变故后，依然选择帮助一位迷路的徒步旅行者，并最终得到回报的温馨故事，展现了人性中的善良与温暖，以及善有善报的主题。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容““当然有！”Charlotte脱口而出，自己都没反应过来。”以及第二段首句内容“几天后，那个徒步旅行者回来了，还带了一个大袋子。”可知，第一段可描写Charlotte一家帮助了这个徒步旅行者，并为他指了正确的路。 ②由第二段首句内容“几天后，那个徒步旅行者回来了，还带了一个大袋子。”可知，第二段可描写袋子里都是食物，这件事提醒Charlotte善意总是循环往复，悄然归来。 2.续写线索：Charlotte下意识回答有食物——他们邀请徒步者一起吃晚饭——饭后，Charlotte的父亲给徒步旅行者指了正确的路——徒步者感激地离去——几天后，那个徒步旅行者回来了，还带了一个大袋子——袋子里都是食物——他解释了自己的感激之情——而Charlotte也明白了善意总会回到自己的身边 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①展示：show/display ②拥抱：hug/embrace ③解释：explain/ make an explanation 情绪类 ①感激：gratitude/ thankfulness ②善意：kindness/benevolence 【点睛】【高分句型1】She turned to her dad, who nodded without hesitation.（运用了who引导的定语从句） 【高分句型2】As they ate together in the trailer, laughter bubbled up—stories were shared, and for a moment, the bitterness of their life was left behind.（运用了as引导的状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $