2026届高三英语一轮复习主谓一致专项训练

高三一轮复习主谓一致专项练习 一、语法一致原则 原则①：根据主语的人称和数确定谓语动词单复数 Tom and his sister ________ (visit) their grandparents every weekend. Neither my parents nor my brother ________ (like) playing online games. 原则②：主语是不定式 / 动名词短语，谓语用单数 To finish the task on time ________ (require) a lot of effort. Collecting stamps from different countries ________ (be) one of his hobbies since childhood. 原则③：主语是从句，谓语一般用单数 What he said at the meeting ________ (surprise) all of us. Whether they will come to the party ________ (not be) clear yet. 原则④：主语后接 with/together with 等，谓语与前面主语一致 A woman with two children ________ (walk) along the street now. No one except my parents ________ (know) the secret. 原则⑤：不定代词 someone/anyone 等作主语，谓语用单数 Someone ________ (leave) a mobile phone in the classroom. Please go and check. Everyone in our class ________ (have) a chance to take part in the competition. 原则⑥：定语从句谓语与先行词数一致 This is one of the books that ________ (be) written by Mo Yan. He is the only student who ________ (get) full marks in the math exam. 原则⑦：many a/more than one＋单数名词作主语，谓语用单数 Many a student ________ (dream) of becoming a scientist in the future. More than one factory ________ (close) down because of environmental problems recently. 二、意义一致原则 原则①：时间、数量、长度、价格等复数名词表整体，谓语用单数 Ten years ________ (be) a long time for a person to pursue a dream. Two hundred yuan ________ (not be) enough to buy the reference book he needs. 原则②：“a number of＋复数名词” 作主语，谓语用复数 A number of students in our class ________ (take) part in the English speech contest next week. As far as I know, a number of old buildings in the city ________ (be) pulled down last year. 原则③：the majority of/the rest of / 分数 / 百分数＋of＋名词，谓语随名词数变化 The majority of the land in this area ________ (be) covered with forests. Three fifths of the workers in the factory ________ (come) from the countryside. The rest of the water ________ (have) been used up for irrigation. 70% of the books in the library ________ (be) written in English. 原则④：“the＋adj.” 表一类人，谓语用复数 The old in our community ________ (be) taken good care of by the volunteers. The rich ________ (should) help those who are in trouble instead of showing off their wealth. 原则⑤：集体名词（family/group/team 等），谓语随含义变化 Our family ________ (plan) to go on a trip to Sanya during the summer vacation.（强调整体） His family ________ (be) all doctors, so they often give medical advice to their neighbors.（强调个体） The team ________ (win) the championship last month because of their hard training.（强调整体） The team ________ (disagree) on the training plan, so they need to have a further discussion.（强调个体） 三、就近一致原则 原则①：there be/here be 结构，谓语遵循 “就近一致” There ________ (be) a pen, two notebooks and a dictionary on the desk. Here ________ (come) the bus and some taxis that can take us to the railway station. 原则②：or/not only...but also... 等连词连接主语，谓语遵循 “就近一致” Not only my classmates but also my teacher ________ (support) my decision to take part in the national English competition. Either you or your brother ________ (have) to finish the task before 6 o’clock this afternoon. 答案与解析 一、语法一致原则 原则①：根据主语的人称和数确定谓语动词单复数 Tom and his sister ________ (visit) their grandparents every weekend. Neither my parents nor my brother ________ (like) playing online games. 答案与解析： visit（主语是复数 “Tom and his sister”，一般现在时用原形） likes（neither...nor... 遵循 “就近原则”，靠近谓语的主语 “my brother” 是单数，故用第三人称单数） 原则②：主语是不定式 / 动名词短语，谓语用单数 To finish the task on time ________ (require) a lot of effort. Collecting stamps from different countries ________ (be) one of his hobbies since childhood. 答案与解析： requires（主语是不定式短语 “To finish...”，视为单数，一般现在时用第三人称单数） has been（主语是动名词短语 “Collecting...”，视为单数，“since childhood” 提示用现在完成时） 原则③：主语是从句，谓语一般用单数 What he said at the meeting ________ (surprise) all of us. Whether they will come to the party ________ (not be) clear yet. 答案与解析： surprised（主语是宾语从句 “What he said...”，视为单数，结合语境用一般过去时） isn’t（主语是主语从句 “Whether they will...”，视为单数，“yet” 提示用一般现在时的否定形式） 原则④：主语后接 with/together with 等，谓语与前面主语一致 A woman with two children ________ (walk) along the street now. No one except my parents ________ (know) the secret. 答案与解析： is walking（主语是 “A woman”，“with two children” 是附加成分，“now” 提示用现在进行时，单数形式） knows（主语是 “No one”，“except my parents” 是附加成分，视为单数，一般现在时用第三人称单数） 原则⑤：不定代词 someone/anyone 等作主语，谓语用单数 Someone ________ (leave) a mobile phone in the classroom. Please go and check. Everyone in our class ________ (have) a chance to take part in the competition. 答案与解析： has left（主语 “Someone” 是单数，结合语境 “手机遗留” 用现在完成时） has（主语 “Everyone” 是单数，一般现在时用第三人称单数） 原则⑥：定语从句谓语与先行词数一致 This is one of the books that ________ (be) written by Mo Yan. He is the only student who ________ (get) full marks in the math exam. 答案与解析： are（先行词是 “the books”，复数，定语从句谓语用复数） gets（先行词是 “the only student”，单数，“only” 强调唯一，定语从句谓语用单数） 原则⑦：many a/more than one＋单数名词作主语，谓语用单数 Many a student ________ (dream) of becoming a scientist in the future. More than one factory ________ (close) down because of environmental problems recently. 答案与解析： dreams（“many a＋单数名词” 视为单数，一般现在时用第三人称单数） has closed（“more than one＋单数名词” 视为单数，“recently” 提示用现在完成时） 二、意义一致原则 原则①：时间、数量、长度、价格等复数名词表整体，谓语用单数 Ten years ________ (be) a long time for a person to pursue a dream. Two hundred yuan ________ (not be) enough to buy the reference book he needs. 答案与解析： is（主语 “Ten years” 表一段时间，视为整体，单数概念，一般现在时用 is） isn’t（主语 “Two hundred yuan” 表价格，视为整体，单数概念，否定形式用 isn’t） 原则②：“a number of＋复数名词” 作主语，谓语用复数 A number of students in our class ________ (take) part in the English speech contest next week. As far as I know, a number of old buildings in the city ________ (be) pulled down last year. 答案与解析： will take（主语 “a number of students” 表示 “许多学生”，复数概念，“next week” 提示用一般将来时） were（主语 “a number of old buildings” 是复数，“last year” 提示用一般过去时，复数形式用 were） 原则③：the majority of/the rest of / 分数 / 百分数＋of＋名词，谓语随名词数变化 The majority of the land in this area ________ (be) covered with forests. Three fifths of the workers in the factory ________ (come) from the countryside. The rest of the water ________ (have) been used up for irrigation. 70% of the books in the library ________ (be) written in English. 答案与解析： is（“the majority of＋不可数名词 land”，谓语随 land 用单数，一般现在时） come（“three fifths of＋复数名词 workers”，谓语用复数，一般现在时） has（“the rest of＋不可数名词 water”，视为单数，“have been used up” 是现在完成时，单数形式用 has） are（“70% of＋复数名词 books”，谓语用复数，一般现在时） 原则④：“the＋adj.” 表一类人，谓语用复数 The old in our community ________ (be) taken good care of by the volunteers. The rich ________ (should) help those who are in trouble instead of showing off their wealth. 答案与解析： are（“the old” 表示 “老年人” 这一类人，复数概念，一般现在时用 are） should（情态动词无单复数变化，“the rich” 表 “富人”，复数概念，此处用 should 后接动词原形） 原则⑤：集体名词（family/group/team 等），谓语随含义变化 Our family ________ (plan) to go on a trip to Sanya during the summer vacation.（强调整体） His family ________ (be) all doctors, so they often give medical advice to their neighbors.（强调个体） The team ________ (win) the championship last month because of their hard training.（强调整体） The team ________ (disagree) on the training plan, so they need to have a further discussion.（强调个体） 答案与解析： plans（“family” 此处强调整体 “家庭”，单数概念，“plan” 的第三人称单数形式是 plans） are（“family” 此处强调 “家庭成员”，复数概念，用 are） won（“team” 强调整体 “团队”，单数概念，“last month” 提示用一般过去时，win 的过去式是 won） disagree（“team” 强调 “队员们”，复数概念，一般现在时用原形） 高考应试关键提示： 区分易混结构：“a number of＋复数名词”（许多，谓语复数）vs “the number of＋复数名词”（…… 的数量，谓语单数），高考常考两者辨析。 分数 / 百分数作主语时，核心看 “of 后的名词”：可数名词复数→谓语复数，不可数名词 / 单数名词→谓语单数。 集体名词的单复数：结合语境判断 “整体” 还是 “个体”—— 表 “组织、团队” 等整体功能时用单数，表 “成员” 时用复数（如 family 表 “家人”、team 表 “队员”）。 “the＋adj.” 表人时谓语复数（如 the poor = 穷人），表事物 / 抽象概念时谓语单数（如 the beautiful = 美，The new is better than the old. 新的比旧的好），高考重点考查 “表人” 的情况。 三、就近一致原则 原则①：there be/here be 结构，谓语遵循 “就近一致” There ________ (be) a pen, two notebooks and a dictionary on the desk. Here ________ (come) the bus and some taxis that can take us to the railway station. 答案与解析： is（离谓语最近的主语是 “a pen”，单数概念，一般现在时用 is。注意：此处不可因后面有复数名词而误填 are，核心看 “最近主语”） come（离谓语最近的主语是 “the bus and some taxis”，复数概念，一般现在时用原形 come。提示：here 开头的倒装句，谓语单复数由后面的主语决定，遵循就近原则） 原则②：or/not only...but also... 等连词连接主语，谓语遵循 “就近一致” Not only my classmates but also my teacher ________ (support) my decision to take part in the national English competition. Either you or your brother ________ (have) to finish the task before 6 o’clock this afternoon. 答案与解析： supports（连词 “not only...but also...” 遵循就近原则，离谓语最近的主语是 “my teacher”，单数，一般现在时用第三人称单数 supports） has（连词 “either...or...” 遵循就近原则，离谓语最近的主语是 “your brother”，单数，“have to” 的第三人称单数形式是 has to，故填 has） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $