精品解析：浙江省宁波市鄞州中学2025-2026学年高三上学期高考适应性考试（六）月考英语试题

鄞州中学2026届高三英语限时训练(六) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What will Zoe do after school? A. Tidy her room. B. Play basketball. C. Visit a relative. 2. Why is the woman staying at home this summer? A. Her sister is coming to visit. B. She enjoys relaxation at home. C. Her parents require her to stay. 3. What is the man probably going to do? A. Sit an exam. B. Give a performance. C. Deliver a speech. 4. What does the man probably suggest Helen do? A. Enjoy lunch with him. B. Keep away from her phone. C. Share more stories with friends. 5. What makes it difficult for the man to watch films at home? A. Too many choices. B. Lack of good films. C. No online access. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a gym. B. In a classroom. C. On the playground. 7. How does Laura feel about the upcoming game? A. Unconcerned. B. Scared. C. Hopeful. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What inspired Sophie’s interest in space? A. Her dad’s telescope. B. Some TV shows. C. A space-related book. 9. What does David want to do in the future? A. Build a spaceship. B. Go on a trip to Mars. C. Travel out of the solar system. 10. Why does David ask to visit Sophie? A. To explore her study room. B. To finish their science project. C. To use her family’s equipment. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Brother and sister. B. Drama teacher and student. C. Best friends. 12. What does the woman expect to do tonight? A. Finish her work project. B. Practice a play with the man. C. Share the good news with her family. 13. What will the man do with his phone? A. Order takeout online. B. Contact his parents. C. Watch a movie. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Introducing Dr. Black’s research findings. B. Promoting a show about climate issues. C. Exploring solutions to climate change. 15 What is the woman doing for the first time? A. Appearing on TV. B. Doing a radio interview. C Attending a global conference. 16. What did the woman find upsetting about the conference? A. Low attendance. B. Lack of real action. C. No clear discussion. 17. Which is the first measure the woman suggests? A. Stopping meat farming. B. Stopping charging for clean energy. C. Stopping people using personal jets. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Where is the island of Madeira located? A. Off the southwest coast of Europe. B. Near the northwest coast of Africa. C. Close to the west coast of Portugal. 19. How long does it take most hikers to walk the full hike path? A. Five days. B. Nine days. C. Twenty days. 20 What will surprise the hikers during the hike? A. Camping under the mountain. B. Enjoying sea views at the top. C. Staying at a fairly fancy hotel. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Climate change could have large impacts on food production across the world. Rising temperatures might boost crop production in cold regions but negatively impact production in warmer areas. Wheat and rice—which benefit from more CO2 in the atmosphere — could see growing output, while corn and sorghum (高粱) could see a decline with warmer temperatures. Farmers can adjust their practices to a warmer climate in four key ways： Farmers can change WHAT they plant. This could be an entirely different type of crop: corn instead of wheat. Or a different variety of a specific crop. FOUR KEY WAYS Farmers can change WHERE crops are planted. If temperatures rise or fall, crop production can shift north or southwards towards more suitable temperatures. Farmers can change HOW crops are managed. Giving crops the right amount of water, nutrition, and protection from insects and disease can help reduce some impacts of climate change. Farmers can change WHEN they plant. Farmers can plant earlier or later in the year, depending on when spring arrives. Adjusting planting dates requires no additional cost or work. A recent study by experts modeled three adaptation methods —changing WHAT, changing WHEN and changing both of them. The chart below shows their impact on the output of corn, rice, sorghum, soybean (大豆) and wheat. These three adaptation methods can already go some way to relieve climate pressures in some countries. But, of course, we don’t only care about crop production at the global level. If farmers in particular regions — especially those that are most food-insecure — cannot adapt to climate change, this is still a major problem. So there is more we can do in the future. 1. What may farmers change if they are short of money and labour? A. WHAT. B. WHERE. C. WHEN D. HOW. 2. Which crop may benefit most if farmers plant improved varieties? A. Corn. B. Rice. C. Sorghum. D. Wheat. 3. What should be done in the future? A. To help the farmers in need. B. To adopt the three methods. C. To focus on crop production. D. To move to colder regions. B As I wandered out of my New York apartment, behind me someone called out, “Where can I find peaches?” I turned around to see a woman standing outside the greengrocer’s. The absurdity of the moment struck me — why would someone want peaches in the middle of winter? It is just as absurd as sitting by the pool on a blistering summer day and reaching for a warm, woolly jumper. I was already aware of the issues facing the food system: industrial farming ruining soils, unclear supply chains leaving citizens powerless in making the right buying decisions, and the dominance of ultra-processed foods with zero nutritional value in supermarkets. But this encounter made me see how normalized it was to expect food out of season. After graduating, I worked at Wall Street in New York, managing portfolios (投资组合). Despite the breathtaking view and fast-paced stock market, I was troubled by the greed underlying my work. Cooking was my escape. It had always been a passion, whether in Buenos Aires, at university, or in New York. As I neared my 30s, I knew I needed a change and food became my north star. Through my work visiting markets and farmers around Europe, I saw first-hand why seasonality is critical in our ability to regain control of, and fix, our food system. All around me I could see how quickly flavour was disappearing from our plates. I wanted to reintroduce phenomenal flavour into people’s lives, and to re-educate and reconnect consumers with nature. In 2004, I took over Natoora, a French-founded company with a small base in London, determined to reintroduce great flavor to people’s lives and reconnect them with nature. My two-decade-long devotion to flavor, initially a pursuit of personal pleasure, has given my work a deep sense of purpose. Flavor can emotionally connect us to food and bring joy back into our relationship with it. Changing careers opened a new world for me, filled with purpose and love for my work, and I hope it inspires others to fight for a better food-centric world. 4. Why does the author mention the encounter with a woman? A. To illustrate an absurd shopping choice. B. To highlight a problem in the food system. C. To compare between peaches and jumpers. D. To show people’s separation from farming. 5. What does the author think of cooking? A. Healing. B. Troublesome. C. Demanding. D. Instructive. 6. What can we infer from paragraph 4? A. People will improve flavors on their tables soon. B. Consumers are not willing to get close to nature. C. Our food system is in need of our great attention. D. All the markets in Europe sell food out of season. 7. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A. Add a Unique flavor to Your career B. The Great Power of Seasonal Eating C. Approaches to Fixing the Food System D. From Wall Street to the World of Flavor C In health research, determining true causes — like whether drinking wine affects health — is vital for informed decisions. But “correlation does not equal causation (因果关系)” is widely recognized. Then how do researchers move beyond correlations to find answers? Correlations often exist without implying causation. For instance, chocolate consumption correlates with the number of Nobel Prize winners in some countries. Does eating chocolate boost Nobel wins? No. This correlation likely exists because chocolate consumption serves as a proxy for wealth. In turn, wealth relates to education and research funding — key factors behind Nobel achievements. So, just finding a link isn’t enough. Scientists need more strong evidence to establish causation. Unlike highly controlled chemistry or physics experiments, which can easily show how X affects Y, human biology often relies on indirect evidence. It requires “inductive reasoning” —drawing general conclusions from available evidence. It’s like how a prosecutor (检察官) builds a criminal case using circumstantial evidence. While individual pieces might not be persuasive, their build-up strengthens the case. There’s one interesting contrast, however. . In criminal cases, the standard of proof is “beyond reasonable doubt”, but science demands proof based “on the balance of probabilities”. This reflects scientists’ willingness to revise their beliefs when better evidence emerges. Indirect evidence is crucial for inferring causation, but it is not always conclusive. The gold standard for direct evidence of causation is the randomised controlled trial (RCT), where participants are randomly assigned to either receive an intervention or to be a “control”. This ensures if you see a difference between the two groups, this can only be due to the effect of the intervention, which effectively proves causation. Unfortunately, ethical (道德的) considerations often prevent us conducting RCTs. For instance, we lack RCT evidence that smoking causes lung cancer because the indirect evidence is so strong that such studies would be unethical. Causation in health doesn’t work in a simple way. Factors like lifestyle, genes, and environment interact to determine disease risk. Achieving perfect health requires a variety of actions, as no single habit, superfood, or magic pill is the answer. 8. What does the underlined word “proxy” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Replacement. B. Condition. C. Indicator. D. Preference. 9. How do scientists’ inferences differ from prosecutors’ conclusions? A. They remain open to update. B. They guarantee absolute certainty. C. They rely largely on indirect evidence. D. They require higher standard of proof. 10. Why is RCT considered the gold standard for establishing causation? A. It offers wide application. B. It ensures fair assignment. C. It avoids ethical considerations. D. It identifies intervention effects. 11. What is the author’s suggestion for health improvement? A. Counting on good habits. B. Integrating multiple strategies. C. Taking a cure-all pill. D. Leading an active lifestyle. D The scientist’s job is to figure out how the world works, to “torture (拷问)” Nature to reveal her secrets, as the 17th century philosopher Francis Bacon described it. But who are these people in the lab coats (or sports jackets, or T-shirts and jeans) and how do they work? It turns out that there is a good deal of mystery surrounding the mystery-solvers. “One of the greatest mysteries is the question of what it is about human beings — brains, education, culture etc. that makes them capable of doing science at all,” said Colin Allen, a cognitive scientist at Indiana University. Two vital ingredients seem to be necessary to make a scientist: the curiosity to seek out mysteries and the creativity to solve them. “Scientists exhibit a heightened level of curiosity,” reads a 2007 report on scientific creativity. “They go further and deeper into basic questions showing a passion for knowledge for its own sake.” Max Planck, one of the fathers of quantum physics, once said, the scientist “must have a vivid and intuitive imagination, for new ideas are not generated by deduction (推论), but by an artistically creative imagination.” But others disagree with this universal scientific mind. They believe that scientists have special abilities that set them apart. Discovering these abilities may be hard, Allen thinks, as many scientists will be reluctant to reveal them and would prefer to preserve the mystery of creativity, fearing that if it became an object of study it would lose its magic. But for Allen, this is all part of a bigger question of what lies behind anyone’s behavior. “We are only just beginning to understand how the characteristics of organisms, including ourselves, aren’t the fixed products of either genes or of environment/culture, but each of us is the product of a continual interactive process in which we help build the environments that in turn shape us,” he said. “As long as our best technology for seeing inside the brain requires subjects to lie nearly motionless while surrounded by a giant magnet, we’re only going to make limited pro gress on these questions,” Allen said. 12. Why does the author mention Max Planck in paragraph 3? A. To introduce a famous scientist. B. To stress the role of creativity in science. C. To compare different views on science. D. To illustrate what is curiosity inscience. 13. What do Allen's words in the last two paragraphs suggest? A. Human behavior is changeable and unpredictable. B. We are passively influenced by our genes and culture. C. Our interaction with the environment makes us who we are. D. Current technology has revealed a lot about human behavior. 14. What is Allen’s attitude to the current study on the human brain? A. Cautious. B. Indifferent. C. Approving. D. Pessimistic. 15. What is a suitable title for the text? A. Who Are The Mystery-solvers B. Scientists Are Not Born But Made C. Great Mystery: What Makes A Scientist D. Solving Mysteries: Inside A Scientist's Mind 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中迭出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Providing feedback is an essential part of personal and career development. ____16____ One of the most effective and classic methods to make it easier for both the giver and receiver is the feedback sandwich technique, sometimes also referred to as a compliment (赞美) sandwich. If you are seeking to enhance your career growth, learning about the feedback sandwich can be a game-changer. ____17____ Rather than simply focusing on what went wrong, it ensures that the person receiving the feedback also knows what went well. The process can be broken into three parts. A manager or superior starts by providing positive feedback to encourage a person to continue their good work. Afterward, they communicate constructive feedback for the person to improve. This feedback aims to be specific, behavioral, and relevant to the situation. ____18____ The feedback sandwich technique is a highly useful method. It can help soften the blow of criticism. By starting and ending with positive feedback, it’s easier for the recipient to receive the constructive criticism without feeling attacked. ____19____ As we all know, criticism is awkward, but when you’re giving potentially negative feedback, it’s easier when you’re also serving it up with two compliments. Additionally, it enables the meeting or an interaction to end on a positive note. ____20____ Many people are knowledgeable about this technique, which might make it sound insincere or predictable if not done correctly. Also, when feedback becomes a routine, employees can start to perceive positive feedback as simply a form of sugarcoating the negatives, thus reducing its value. Hence, positive feedback should not simply be seen as something to cushion the negative, but should be delivered so as to reinforce and encourage good performance. A. It’s essential to be aware of its limitations, though. B. Similarly, it is also easier for the giver to offer feedback. C. The manager then ends the feedback session with positive feedback. D. The technique may lead to unclear and indirect personal communication. E. Delivering constructive criticism, however, can be challenging if not done correctly. F. It may not be for every situation, but it can make negative feedback more digestible. G. This technique involves using constructive feedback wrapped between two layers of positive feedback. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Mary would make the drive from Washington. DC to Winchester every few days to visit her grandmother, whose health began to ____21____ last autumn. Along the shoulder of the highway, there was a long ____22____of wild flowers. They were thin and delicate, and moved back and forth in the wind as if ____23____ poems to each other. The first time she saw the flowers, Mary was ____24____ by an uncontrollable urge to bring some to her sick grandmother. She ____25____ over on the highway, picked a bunch of flowers and placed them in a vase by her grandmother’s bed. Her grandmother ____26____ at the sight of the flowers and asked where she had got them. Mary was overjoyed by the ability of the flowers to ____27____ something up inside her grandmother. Afterwards, Mary began carrying ____28____ in the car during her trips. She would quickly glide (滑行) onto the ____29____, jump out of the car, and cut a bunch of flowers. Each time Mary brought the flowers, her grandmother’s eyes would light up and they would have a(n)____30____ conversation. One morning in late October, Mary received a ____31____ saying that her grandmother had taken a turn for the worse. Mary’s heart ____32____. She hung up and rushed out. Mary was in such a hurry to get to the hospital that she sped past her flower spot. She decided to turn____33____, head several miles back and clip some flowers. Mary arrived at the hospital to find her grandmother fragile and ____34____. She put the flowers in the vase and sat down to hold her grandmother’s hand. She felt the hold on her fingers ____35____ — proof of nature’s beauty and its power. 21 A. boost B. decrease C. relieve D. worsen 22. A. component B. stretch C. avenue D. barrier 23. A. reciting B. revealing C. whispering D. accompanying 24. A. seized B. intervened C. amused D. distracted 25. A. bent B. pulled C. paused D. fled 26. A. settled in B. came alive C. got through D. called on 27. A. pack B. sum C. wake D. come 28. A. wires B. properties C. parcels D. scissors 29. A. shoulder B. boundary C. street D. court 30. A. conventional B. identical C. splendid D. frustrating 31. A. message B. draft C. letter D. call 32. A. beat B. switched C. sank D. wept 33. A. around B. beyond C. on D. off 34. A. unresponsive B. nonverbal C. invisible D. disapproving 35. A. ceased B. expanded C. resisted D. tightened 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Silk Road, covering vast distances and an astonishing ____36____ (vary) of landscapes, was a network of ancient trade routes from East Asia to the Mediterranean. A crucial section of the network is the Chang’an-Tianshan Corridor ____37____ (stretch) through China, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. The three countries successfully pursued the route’s status in UNESCO World Heritage. The Silk Road began to develop in the 2nd century BCE when Zhang Qian, the ambassador assigned by the emperor, ____38____ (journey) from Chang’an to Central Asia. Different ways ____39____ (seek) by Zhang Qian to build bridges between the major powers of the time, ____40____ the routes network reaching as far as the Roman Empire. ____41____ (initial), silk was the main item exported along the network ____42____ its weight was light and its value was high. Apart from trade exchange, the network was employed to exchange cultures, ____43____ shaped the evolution of science, art, technology and other areas in societies along the network. These amazingly long routes achieved a ____44____ (share) development by connecting Eastern and Western civilizations. The addition of the Chang’an-Tianshan Corridor ____45____ the UNESCO World Heritage List is a milestone in recognition of the Silk Road as a crucial part of mankind’s common heritage. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，上周在接待国际交换生的过程中，因为文化差异，发生了一个小尴尬。请写一封电子邮件给英国笔友Jenny，内容包括： （1）事情经过； （2）所获启示。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Jenny, I'd like to share with you a small awkward moment last week. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整短文。 It was the last day before moving into the new house. Mr. and Mrs. Martin wanted to make it warm and lovely, so they decided to do some decorating themselves. That morning, Mrs. Martin stood at the door, reminding her busy husband. “Don’t climb too high, don’t move heavy boxes, and don’t forget to rest,” she said again and again, before she eventually headed out to buy curtains. Earlier, their daughter Emily had called. She said she was tied up with her job in another city, but promised, “Don’t worry, we’ll celebrate together soon.” The couple missed her, of course, but they smiled at each other and agreed it would be meaningful to get the new home ready, a warm welcome awaiting their daughter’s arrival. Mr. Martin waved goodbye to his wife and went back to his decorating work, confident and full of energy at first. But soon the living room turned into a battlefield. Boxes, nails, a hammer and screwdrivers lay everywhere. Paint splashed onto the floor, and the wall looked like a child’s drawing. And several photo frames were scattered on the ground. “A spider!” Mr. Martin climbed onto a shaky stool to chase it away-his wife hated those things — but instead he slipped and broke a photo frame. “Ouch, my back!” he groaned, sweat trickling down his forehead. He began to wonder whether he was really able to do this job alone. Then came a sharp smell from the kitchen. “Oh no, my cake!” Mr. Martin dragged himself to open the oven. The cake, which he had planned to surprise his wife, was now nothing but a hard black rock. He stared at it, shaking his head. “Should I admit the mess? Or pretend nothing happened?” he whispered. Suddenly, the door creaked open. Mrs. Martin stepped inside with the new curtains in her arms. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: For a moment, Mrs. Martin stood frozen. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: With the new curtains finally in place, the doorbell rang. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 鄞州中学2026届高三英语限时训练(六) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What will Zoe do after school? A. Tidy her room. B. Play basketball. C. Visit a relative. 2. Why is the woman staying at home this summer? A. Her sister is coming to visit. B. She enjoys relaxation at home. C. Her parents require her to stay. 3. What is the man probably going to do? A. Sit an exam. B. Give a performance. C. Deliver a speech. 4. What does the man probably suggest Helen do? A. Enjoy lunch with him. B. Keep away from her phone. C. Share more stories with friends. 5. What makes it difficult for the man to watch films at home? A. Too many choices. B. Lack of good films. C. No online access. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a gym. B. In a classroom. C. On the playground. 7. How does Laura feel about the upcoming game? A. Unconcerned. B. Scared. C. Hopeful. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What inspired Sophie’s interest in space? A. Her dad’s telescope. B. Some TV shows. C. A space-related book. 9. What does David want to do in the future? A. Build a spaceship. B. Go on a trip to Mars. C. Travel out of the solar system. 10. Why does David ask to visit Sophie? A. To explore her study room. B. To finish their science project. C. To use her family’s equipment. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Brother and sister. B. Drama teacher and student. C. Best friends. 12. What does the woman expect to do tonight? A. Finish her work project. B. Practice a play with the man. C. Share the good news with her family. 13. What will the man do with his phone? A. Order takeout online. B. Contact his parents. C. Watch a movie. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Introducing Dr. Black’s research findings. B. Promoting a show about climate issues. C. Exploring solutions to climate change. 15. What is the woman doing for the first time? A. Appearing on TV. B. Doing a radio interview. C. Attending a global conference. 16. What did the woman find upsetting about the conference? A. Low attendance. B. Lack of real action. C. No clear discussion. 17. Which is the first measure the woman suggests? A. Stopping meat farming. B. Stopping charging for clean energy. C. Stopping people using personal jets. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Where is the island of Madeira located? A. Off the southwest coast of Europe. B. Near the northwest coast of Africa. C. Close to the west coast of Portugal. 19. How long does it take most hikers to walk the full hike path? A. Five days. B. Nine days. C. Twenty days. 20. What will surprise the hikers during the hike? A. Camping under the mountain. B. Enjoying sea views at the top. C. Staying at a fairly fancy hotel. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Climate change could have large impacts on food production across the world. Rising temperatures might boost crop production in cold regions but negatively impact production in warmer areas. Wheat and rice—which benefit from more CO2 in the atmosphere — could see growing output, while corn and sorghum (高粱) could see a decline with warmer temperatures. Farmers can adjust their practices to a warmer climate in four key ways： Farmers can change WHAT they plant. This could be an entirely different type of crop: corn instead of wheat. Or a different variety of a specific crop. FOUR KEY WAYS Farmers can change WHERE crops are planted. If temperatures rise or fall, crop production can shift north or southwards towards more suitable temperatures. Farmers can change HOW crops are managed. Giving crops the right amount of water, nutrition, and protection from insects and disease can help reduce some impacts of climate change. Farmers can change WHEN they plant. Farmers can plant earlier or later in the year, depending on when spring arrives. Adjusting planting dates requires no additional cost or work. A recent study by experts modeled three adaptation methods —changing WHAT, changing WHEN and changing both of them. The chart below shows their impact on the output of corn, rice, sorghum, soybean (大豆) and wheat. These three adaptation methods can already go some way to relieve climate pressures in some countries. But, of course, we don’t only care about crop production at the global level. If farmers in particular regions — especially those that are most food-insecure — cannot adapt to climate change, this is still a major problem. So there is more we can do in the future. 1. What may farmers change if they are short of money and labour? A. WHAT. B. WHERE. C. WHEN D. HOW. 2. Which crop may benefit most if farmers plant improved varieties? A. Corn. B. Rice. C. Sorghum. D. Wheat. 3. What should be done in the future? A. To help the farmers in need. B. To adopt the three methods. C. To focus on crop production. D. To move to colder regions. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了气候变化下农民的应对策略及影响。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格中的内容“Farmers can change WHEN they plant. Farmers can plant earlier or later in the year, depending on when spring arrives. Adjusting planting dates requires no additional cost or work.(农民可以改变种植时间。农民可以根据春天的到来时间在一年中早些或晚些种植。调整种植日期不需要额外的成本或工作)”可知，如果农民资金和劳动力短缺，他们可以改变种植时间（WHEN）。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Wheat and rice — which benefit from more CO2 in the atmosphere — could see growing output, while corn and sorghum (高粱) could see a decline with warmer temperatures.(小麦和水稻受益于大气中更多的二氧化碳，产量可能会增加，而玉米和高粱的产量可能会随着气温升高而下降)”以及表格中“Or a different variety of a specific crop.(或者是一种特定作物的不同品种)”可推测，如果农民种植改良品种，水稻可能受益最多，因为原本它就会因大气中二氧化碳增多而增产，改良品种可能进一步促进其增产。故选B。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“If farmers in particular regions — especially those that are most food-insecure — cannot adapt to climate change, this is still a major problem. So there is more we can do in the future.(如果特定地区（尤其是那些粮食最不安全的地区）的农民无法适应气候变化，这仍然是一个重大问题。所以我们未来还可以做更多事情)”可推断，未来应该帮助有需要的农民。故选A。 B As I wandered out of my New York apartment, behind me someone called out, “Where can I find peaches?” I turned around to see a woman standing outside the greengrocer’s. The absurdity of the moment struck me — why would someone want peaches in the middle of winter? It is just as absurd as sitting by the pool on a blistering summer day and reaching for a warm, woolly jumper. I was already aware of the issues facing the food system: industrial farming ruining soils, unclear supply chains leaving citizens powerless in making the right buying decisions, and the dominance of ultra-processed foods with zero nutritional value in supermarkets. But this encounter made me see how normalized it was to expect food out of season. After graduating, I worked at Wall Street in New York, managing portfolios (投资组合). Despite the breathtaking view and fast-paced stock market, I was troubled by the greed underlying my work. Cooking was my escape. It had always been a passion, whether in Buenos Aires, at university, or in New York. As I neared my 30s, I knew I needed a change and food became my north star. Through my work visiting markets and farmers around Europe, I saw first-hand why seasonality is critical in our ability to regain control of, and fix, our food system. All around me I could see how quickly flavour was disappearing from our plates. I wanted to reintroduce phenomenal flavour into people’s lives, and to re-educate and reconnect consumers with nature. In 2004, I took over Natoora, a French-founded company with a small base in London, determined to reintroduce great flavor to people’s lives and reconnect them with nature. My two-decade-long devotion to flavor, initially a pursuit of personal pleasure, has given my work a deep sense of purpose. Flavor can emotionally connect us to food and bring joy back into our relationship with it. Changing careers opened a new world for me, filled with purpose and love for my work, and I hope it inspires others to fight for a better food-centric world. 4. Why does the author mention the encounter with a woman? A. To illustrate an absurd shopping choice. B. To highlight a problem in the food system. C. To compare between peaches and jumpers. D. To show people’s separation from farming. 5. What does the author think of cooking? A. Healing. B. Troublesome. C. Demanding. D. Instructive. 6. What can we infer from paragraph 4? A. People will improve flavors on their tables soon. B. Consumers are not willing to get close to nature. C. Our food system is in need of our great attention. D. All the markets in Europe sell food out of season. 7. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A. Add a Unique flavor to Your career B. The Great Power of Seasonal Eating C. Approaches to Fixing the Food System D. From Wall Street to the World of Flavor 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者从华尔街转行投身食品领域，因关注食品体系问题及热爱烹饪，致力于用风味让人们与自然重新联结 。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“I was already aware of the issues facing the food system: industrial farming ruining soils, unclear supply chains leaving citizens powerless in making the right buying decisions, and the dominance of ultra-processed foods with zero nutritional value in supermarkets. But this encounter made me see how normalized it was to expect food out of season. (我已经意识到食品体系面临的问题：工业化农业破坏土壤，不透明的供应链让市民在做出正确购买决定时无能为力，以及超市中零营养价值的超加工食品占据主导地位。但这次相遇让我看到，人们对反季节食品的需求已经变得多么正常。)”可知，作者提到与女士的相遇是为了突出食品体系中存在的问题，即人们对反季节食品习以为常。故选B。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Despite the breathtaking view and fast-paced stock market, I was troubled by the greed underlying my work. Cooking was my escape. It had always been a passion, whether in Buenos Aires, at university, or in New York. (尽管有令人惊叹的景色和快节奏的股票市场，但我工作背后的贪婪让我烦恼。烹饪是我的避风港。无论是在布宜诺斯艾利斯、大学期间，还是在纽约，烹饪一直是我的爱好。)”可知，在工作带来烦恼时，烹饪能让作者逃离这种负面情绪，所以作者认为烹饪具有治愈作用。故选A。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Through my work visiting markets and farmers around Europe, I saw first-hand why seasonality is critical in our ability to regain control of, and fix, our food system. All around me I could see how quickly flavour was disappearing from our plates. I wanted to reintroduce phenomenal flavour into people’s lives, and to re-educate and reconnect consumers with nature. (通过我在欧洲各地走访市场和农民的工作，我亲眼看到了为什么季节性对于我们重新掌控和修复食品体系至关重要。在我周围，我看到食物的味道正从我们的盘子里迅速消失。我想把非凡的味道重新引入人们的生活，重新教育消费者，让他们与自然重新建立联系。)”可知，食品体系存在诸多问题，比如食物味道消失，季节性对修复食品体系很关键，所以我们的食品体系需要我们高度关注。故选C。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章讲述作者从在华尔街工作，因对食品体系问题的关注和对烹饪的热爱，转行投身于与食物味道相关的事业，从华尔街走向了味道的世界。所以D项From Wall Street to the World of Flavor (从华尔街到风味世界)符合语境。故选D。 C In health research, determining true causes — like whether drinking wine affects health — is vital for informed decisions. But “correlation does not equal causation (因果关系)” is widely recognized. Then how do researchers move beyond correlations to find answers? Correlations often exist without implying causation. For instance, chocolate consumption correlates with the number of Nobel Prize winners in some countries. Does eating chocolate boost Nobel wins? No. This correlation likely exists because chocolate consumption serves as a proxy for wealth. In turn, wealth relates to education and research funding — key factors behind Nobel achievements. So, just finding a link isn’t enough. Scientists need more strong evidence to establish causation. Unlike highly controlled chemistry or physics experiments, which can easily show how X affects Y, human biology often relies on indirect evidence. It requires “inductive reasoning” —drawing general conclusions from available evidence. It’s like how a prosecutor (检察官) builds a criminal case using circumstantial evidence. While individual pieces might not be persuasive, their build-up strengthens the case. There’s one interesting contrast, however. . In criminal cases, the standard of proof is “beyond reasonable doubt”, but science demands proof based “on the balance of probabilities”. This reflects scientists’ willingness to revise their beliefs when better evidence emerges. Indirect evidence is crucial for inferring causation, but it is not always conclusive. The gold standard for direct evidence of causation is the randomised controlled trial (RCT), where participants are randomly assigned to either receive an intervention or to be a “control”. This ensures if you see a difference between the two groups, this can only be due to the effect of the intervention, which effectively proves causation. Unfortunately, ethical (道德的) considerations often prevent us conducting RCTs. For instance, we lack RCT evidence that smoking causes lung cancer because the indirect evidence is so strong that such studies would be unethical. Causation in health doesn’t work in a simple way. Factors like lifestyle, genes, and environment interact to determine disease risk. Achieving perfect health requires a variety of actions, as no single habit, superfood, or magic pill is the answer. 8. What does the underlined word “proxy” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Replacement. B. Condition. C. Indicator. D. Preference. 9. How do scientists’ inferences differ from prosecutors’ conclusions? A. They remain open to update. B. They guarantee absolute certainty. C. They rely largely on indirect evidence. D. They require higher standard of proof. 10. Why is RCT considered the gold standard for establishing causation? A. It offers wide application. B. It ensures fair assignment. C. It avoids ethical considerations. D. It identifies intervention effects. 11. What is the author’s suggestion for health improvement? A. Counting on good habits. B. Integrating multiple strategies. C. Taking a cure-all pill. D. Leading an active lifestyle. 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讨论了健康研究中确定真正原因的重要性，以及研究人员如何超越相关性来寻找答案。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据前文“Correlations often exist without implying causation. For instance, chocolate consumption correlates with the number of Nobel Prize winners in some countries.(相关性常常存在，但并不意味着因果关系。例如，在一些国家，巧克力的消费量与诺贝尔奖获得者的数量有关)”以及后文“In turn, wealth relates to education and research funding — key factors behind Nobel achievements.(反过来，财富与教育和研究经费有关——这是诺贝尔奖成就背后的关键因素)”可知，讨论巧克力和诺贝尔奖的联系，所以前句应是“巧克力消费是财富的指标”之意，推知proxy意为“指标”和C项意思相近。故选C项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“There’s one interesting contrast, however. In criminal cases, the standard of proof is “beyond reasonable doubt”, but science demands proof based “on the balance of probabilities”. This reflects scientists’ willingness to revise their beliefs when better evidence emerges.(然而，有一个有趣的对比。在刑事案件中，证明标准是“排除合理怀疑”，但科学要求证明基于“可能性平衡”。这反映了科学家在出现更好的证据时愿意修正自己的观点。)”可知，科学家的推断与检察官的结论不同之处在于，科学家愿意在出现更好的证据时修正自己的观点，即他们的推断是开放的、可以更新的。故选A项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“The gold standard for direct evidence of causation is the randomised controlled trial (RCT), where participants are randomly assigned to either receive an intervention or to be a “control”. This ensures if you see a difference between the two groups, this can only be due to the effect of the intervention, which effectively proves causation.（因果关系直接证据的金标准是随机对照试验(RCT)，参与者被随机分配到接受干预组或“对照组”。这就确保了如果你看到两组之间的差异，这只能是由于干预的效果，从而有效地证明了因果关系。）''可知，RCT被认为是确定因果关系的金标准是因为它确定了干预措施的效果，从而有效地证明了因果关系。故选D项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Causation in health doesn’t work in a simple way. Factors like lifestyle, genes, and environment interact to determine disease risk. Achieving perfect health requires a variety of actions, as no single habit, superfood, or magic pill is the answer.(健康的因果关系并不简单。生活方式、基因和环境等因素相互作用决定疾病风险。达到完美的健康需要各种各样的行动，因为没有单一的习惯，超级食物或神奇药丸是答案。)”可知，作者建议要整合多种策略来改善健康。故选B项。 D The scientist’s job is to figure out how the world works, to “torture (拷问)” Nature to reveal her secrets, as the 17th century philosopher Francis Bacon described it. But who are these people in the lab coats (or sports jackets, or T-shirts and jeans) and how do they work? It turns out that there is a good deal of mystery surrounding the mystery-solvers. “One of the greatest mysteries is the question of what it is about human beings — brains, education, culture etc. that makes them capable of doing science at all,” said Colin Allen, a cognitive scientist at Indiana University. Two vital ingredients seem to be necessary to make a scientist: the curiosity to seek out mysteries and the creativity to solve them. “Scientists exhibit a heightened level of curiosity,” reads a 2007 report on scientific creativity. “They go further and deeper into basic questions showing a passion for knowledge for its own sake.” Max Planck, one of the fathers of quantum physics, once said, the scientist “must have a vivid and intuitive imagination, for new ideas are not generated by deduction (推论), but by an artistically creative imagination.” But others disagree with this universal scientific mind. They believe that scientists have special abilities that set them apart. Discovering these abilities may be hard, Allen thinks, as many scientists will be reluctant to reveal them and would prefer to preserve the mystery of creativity, fearing that if it became an object of study it would lose its magic. But for Allen, this is all part of a bigger question of what lies behind anyone’s behavior. “We are only just beginning to understand how the characteristics of organisms, including ourselves, aren’t the fixed products of either genes or of environment/culture, but each of us is the product of a continual interactive process in which we help build the environments that in turn shape us,” he said. “As long as our best technology for seeing inside the brain requires subjects to lie nearly motionless while surrounded by a giant magnet we’re only going to make limited pro gress on these questions,” Allen said. 12. Why does the author mention Max Planck in paragraph 3? A. To introduce a famous scientist. B. To stress the role of creativity in science. C. To compare different views on science. D. To illustrate what is curiosity inscience. 13 What do Allen's words in the last two paragraphs suggest? A. Human behavior is changeable and unpredictable. B. We are passively influenced by our genes and culture. C. Our interaction with the environment makes us who we are. D. Current technology has revealed a lot about human behavior. 14. What is Allen’s attitude to the current study on the human brain? A. Cautious. B. Indifferent. C. Approving. D. Pessimistic. 15. What is a suitable title for the text? A. Who Are The Mystery-solvers B. Scientists Are Not Born But Made C. Great Mystery: What Makes A Scientist D. Solving Mysteries: Inside A Scientist's Mind 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。世界上有众多谜团，但最大的谜团之一就是哪些因素造就了科学家，科学家们具备什么样的特点。文章主要探讨了到底是哪些因素造就了科学家。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Two vital ingredients seem to be necessary to make a scientist: the curiosity to seek out mysteries and the creativity to solve them. “Scientists exhibit a heightened level of curiosity,” reads a 2007 report on scientific creativity. “They go further and deeper into basic questions showing a passion for knowledge for its own sake.” Max Planck, one of the fathers of quantum physics, once said, the scientist “must have a vivid and intuitive imagination, for new ideas are not generated by deduction(推论), but by an artistically creative imagination.”(成为一名科学家似乎必须具备两个至关重要的要素：探索奥秘的好奇心和解决奥秘的创造力。2007年一份关于科学创造力的报告写道:“科学家表现出高度的好奇心。”“他们在基本问题上走得更远、更深入，表现出对知识本身的热情。”量子物理学之父之一Max Planck曾经说过，科学家“必须有生动而直观的想象力，因为新的想法不是通过演绎产生的，而是通过艺术创造性的想象力产生的。”)”可推知，作者引用普朗克的话是为了证明科学家需要有丰富的想象力和创造力，因为真正的想法不能靠演绎推理而产生，只能凭借创造力。故选B。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“But for Allen, this is all part of a bigger question of what lies behind anyone's behavior. “We are only just beginning to understand how the characteristics of organisms, including ourselves, aren't the fixed products of either genes or of environment/culture, but each of us is the product of a continual interactive process in which we help build the environments that in turn shape us,” he said.(但对艾伦来说，这是一个更大问题的一部分，那就是每个人的行为背后都隐藏着什么。他说：“我们才刚刚开始理解，包括我们自己在内的生物体的特征，不是基因或环境/文化的固定产物，而是我们每个人都是一个持续互动过程的产物，在这个过程中，我们帮助建立环境，而环境反过来又塑造了我们。”)”可知，Allen认为生物体的特征，包括我们人类自己，并不是基因或者环境/文化的固定产物。我们每个个体都是一种持续地和环境相互影响、相互作用的产物。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段““As long as our best technology for seeing inside the brain requires subjects to lie nearly motionless while surrounded by a giant magnet, we're only going to make limited pro gress on these questions,” Allen said.(艾伦说：“只要我们最好的观察大脑内部的技术要求受试者躺在一个巨大的磁铁周围几乎不动，我们就只能在这些问题上取得有限的进展。”)”可推知，Allen对目前关于人类大脑的研究的态度是消极的。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段““One of the greatest mysteries is the question of what it is about human beings—— brains, education, culture etc.—that makes them capable of doing science at all,” said Colin Allen, a cognitive scientist at Indiana University.(印第安纳大学的认知科学家Colin Allen说：“最大的谜团之一是，人类究竟是什么——大脑、教育、文化等——使他们能够从事科学研究。”)”结合文章主要探讨了到底是哪些因素造就了科学家。C选项“伟大的奥秘:是什么造就了科学家”最符合文章标题。故选C。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中迭出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Providing feedback is an essential part of personal and career development. ____16____ One of the most effective and classic methods to make it easier for both the giver and receiver is the feedback sandwich technique, sometimes also referred to as a compliment (赞美) sandwich. If you are seeking to enhance your career growth, learning about the feedback sandwich can be a game-changer. ____17____ Rather than simply focusing on what went wrong, it ensures that the person receiving the feedback also knows what went well. The process can be broken into three parts. A manager or superior starts by providing positive feedback to encourage a person to continue their good work. Afterward, they communicate constructive feedback for the person to improve. This feedback aims to be specific, behavioral, and relevant to the situation. ____18____ The feedback sandwich technique is a highly useful method. It can help soften the blow of criticism. By starting and ending with positive feedback, it’s easier for the recipient to receive the constructive criticism without feeling attacked. ____19____ As we all know, criticism is awkward, but when you’re giving potentially negative feedback, it’s easier when you’re also serving it up with two compliments. Additionally, it enables the meeting or an interaction to end on a positive note. ____20____ Many people are knowledgeable about this technique, which might make it sound insincere or predictable if not done correctly. Also, when feedback becomes a routine, employees can start to perceive positive feedback as simply a form of sugarcoating the negatives, thus reducing its value. Hence, positive feedback should not simply be seen as something to cushion the negative, but should be delivered so as to reinforce and encourage good performance. A. It’s essential to be aware of its limitations, though. B. Similarly, it is also easier for the giver to offer feedback. C. The manager then ends the feedback session with positive feedback. D. The technique may lead to unclear and indirect personal communication. E. Delivering constructive criticism, however, can be challenging if not done correctly. F. It may not be for every situation, but it can make negative feedback more digestible. G. This technique involves using constructive feedback wrapped between two layers of positive feedback. 【答案】16. E 17. G 18. C 19. B 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了三明治反馈法，包括其含义、实施步骤、优势和局限性等。 【16题详解】 前文“Providing feedback is an essential part of personal and career development. (提供反馈是个人和职业发展的重要组成部分。)”表明提供反馈的重要性，后文“One of the most effective and classic methods to make it easier for both the giver and receiver is the feedback sandwich technique, sometimes also referred to as a compliment (赞美) sandwich. (对给予者和接受者来说，最有效和最经典的方法之一就是三明治反馈法，有时也被称为赞美三明治。)”引出有效和经典的三明治反馈法，因此E项“Delivering constructive criticism, however, can be challenging if not done correctly. (然而，如果做得不好，提出建设性的批评可能会很有挑战性。)”符合语境，指出提供反馈有时会带来挑战，和前文构成转折，引出后文的话题。故选E。 【17题详解】 前文“If you are seeking to enhance your career growth, learning about the feedback sandwich can be a game-changer. (如果你正在寻求促进你的职业发展，学习三明治反馈法可以改变游戏规则。)”提到三明治反馈法的重要作用，后文“Rather than simply focusing on what went wrong, it ensures that the person receiving the feedback also knows what went well. (它不是简单地关注哪里出了问题，而是确保接受反馈的人也知道哪里做得好。)”指出三明治反馈法的重要特点，因此G项“This technique involves using constructive feedback wrapped between two layers of positive feedback. (这个技巧涉及到在两层积极反馈之间使用建设性反馈。)”符合语境，简要概括这个反馈法的核心内容，承前启后，其中的This technique指代前文的the feedback sandwich。故选G。 【18题详解】 前文“A manager or superior starts by providing positive feedback to encourage a person to continue their good work. Afterward, they communicate constructive feedback for the person to improve. This feedback aims to be specific, behavioral, and relevant to the situation. (经理或上级首先要提供积极的反馈，鼓励员工继续做好工作。之后，他们沟通建设性的反馈意见，让这个人改进。这种反馈的目的是具体的、行为的和与情况相关的。)”具体介绍管理者负责的前两个步骤，因此C项“The manager then ends the feedback session with positive feedback. (然后，经理以积极的反馈结束反馈会话。)”符合语境，介绍第三个步骤，承接前文。故选C。 【19题详解】 前文“By starting and ending with positive feedback, it’s easier for the recipient to receive the constructive criticism without feeling attacked. (通过以积极的反馈开始和结束，接受者更容易接受建设性的批评，而不会感到受到攻击。)”从接受者的角度指出这一反馈法的优势，因此B项“Similarly, it is also easier for the giver to offer feedback. (同样，给予者也更容易提供反馈。)”符合语境，从给予者的角度指出这一反馈法的优势，和前文是平行关系。故选B。 【20题详解】 空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，需统领段落内容。根据后文“Many people are knowledgeable about this technique, which might make it sound insincere or predictable if not done correctly. Also, when feedback becomes a routine, employees can start to perceive positive feedback as simply a form of sugarcoating the negatives, thus reducing its value. (许多人都知道这个方法，如果做得不对，可能会让它听起来不真诚或可预测。此外，当反馈成为一种惯例时，员工会开始将积极的反馈视为一种粉饰消极的形式，从而降低了消极反馈的价值。)”可知，本段主要介绍了这一反馈法存在的问题，因此A项“It’s essential to be aware of its limitations, though. (不过，必须意识到它的局限性。)”符合语境，指出这一方法有局限性，契合后文内容。故选A。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Mary would make the drive from Washington. DC to Winchester every few days to visit her grandmother, whose health began to ____21____ last autumn. Along the shoulder of the highway, there was a long ____22____of wild flowers. They were thin and delicate, and moved back and forth in the wind as if ____23____ poems to each other. The first time she saw the flowers, Mary was ____24____ by an uncontrollable urge to bring some to her sick grandmother. She ____25____ over on the highway, picked a bunch of flowers and placed them in a vase by her grandmother’s bed. Her grandmother ____26____ at the sight of the flowers and asked where she had got them. Mary was overjoyed by the ability of the flowers to ____27____ something up inside her grandmother. Afterwards, Mary began carrying ____28____ in the car during her trips. She would quickly glide (滑行) onto the ____29____, jump out of the car, and cut a bunch of flowers. Each time Mary brought the flowers, her grandmother’s eyes would light up and they would have a(n)____30____ conversation. One morning in late October, Mary received a ____31____ saying that her grandmother had taken a turn for the worse. Mary’s heart ____32____. She hung up and rushed out. Mary was in such a hurry to get to the hospital that she sped past her flower spot. She decided to turn____33____, head several miles back and clip some flowers. Mary arrived at the hospital to find her grandmother fragile and ____34____. She put the flowers in the vase and sat down to hold her grandmother’s hand. She felt the hold on her fingers ____35____ — proof of nature’s beauty and its power. 21. A. boost B. decrease C. relieve D. worsen 22. A. component B. stretch C. avenue D. barrier 23. A. reciting B. revealing C. whispering D. accompanying 24. A. seized B. intervened C. amused D. distracted 25. A. bent B. pulled C. paused D. fled 26. A. settled in B. came alive C. got through D. called on 27. A. pack B. sum C. wake D. come 28. A. wires B. properties C. parcels D. scissors 29. A. shoulder B. boundary C. street D. court 30. A. conventional B. identical C. splendid D. frustrating 31. A. message B. draft C. letter D. call 32. A. beat B. switched C. sank D. wept 33. A. around B. beyond C. on D. off 34. A. unresponsive B. nonverbal C. invisible D. disapproving 35. A. ceased B. expanded C. resisted D. tightened 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了玛丽摘花送给祖母，发现花能让祖母精神变好，见证了自然之美的力量。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：玛丽每隔几天就会驱车从华盛顿特区前往温彻斯特探望祖母，去年秋天起，祖母的健康状况开始恶化。A. boost提升；B. decrease减少；C. relieve缓解；D. worsen恶化。根据后文“One morning in late October, Mary received a  11  saying that her grandmother had taken a turn for the worse.”可知，祖母的病情在恶化。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：高速公路的路肩旁，野花连绵成一长片。A. component组成部分；B. stretch一片，一段；C. avenue大道；D. barrier障碍。根据上文“Along the shoulder of the highway”及下文“wild flowers”可知，此处需体现野花“绵延的一片区域”。a stretch of“一段；一片；连绵的一片”符合语境。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们纤细柔弱，在风中来回摇曳，仿佛在互相低声吟诵诗篇。A. reciting朗诵；B. revealing揭示；C. whispering低语；D. accompanying陪伴。结合语境可推知，此处句子用拟人手法写野花，“风中摇曳”体现轻柔感，whispering契合拟人化场景，仿佛野花轻声“交谈”。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一次看到这些花时，玛丽被一股难以抑制的冲动驱使，想要摘些花送给生病的祖母。A. seized抓住；控制；B. intervened干预；C. amused逗乐；D. distracted使分心。根据后文“an uncontrollable urge”可知，玛丽被冲动“驱使”，be seized by表示“被攫取”。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把车靠到高速公路边，摘了一束花，放在祖母床边的花瓶里。A. bent弯曲；B. pulled停靠；C. paused暂停；D. fled逃离。根据后文“over on the highway, picked a bunch of flowers”可知，玛丽去摘花，先要停车，pull over为固定搭配，意为“靠边停车”。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：祖母看到花后立刻精神焕发，并问她从哪里弄来的。A. settled in安顿；B. came alive变得有活力；C. got through熬过；D. called on拜访。根据后文“Each time Mary brought the flowers, her grandmother’s eyes would light up and they would have a(n) 10  conversation.”可知，祖母看到花后，精神变好。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：玛丽很高兴这些花能唤醒祖母内心深处的某种情绪。A. pack打包，收拾；B. sum总结，概括；C. wake唤醒，唤起；D. come来，出现。结合前文“祖母看花后精神变好”，可知花“唤醒”了祖母内心活力，wake up意为“唤醒”。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：此后，她每次出行都会在车里带上剪刀。A. wires电线，金属线；B. properties财产，特性；C. parcels包裹，邮包；D. scissors剪刀。根据后文“She would quickly glide (滑行) onto the  9 , jump out of the car, and cut a bunch of flowers”可知，玛丽下车剪花需要剪刀。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她会迅速把车滑至路肩，跳下车，剪一束花。A. shoulder路肩，肩部；B. boundary边界，界限；C. street街道；D. court法庭，院子。根据前文“Along the shoulder of the highway, there was a long 2 of wild flowers.”可知，玛丽把车开到路肩。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每次玛丽送花来，祖母的眼睛都会发亮，她们会进行一场愉快的交谈。A. conventional传统的，常规的；B. identical相同的，完全一致的；C. splendid精彩的，愉快的；D. frustrating令人沮丧的。根据前文“Each time Mary brought the flowers, her grandmother’s eyes would light up”可知，祖母眼睛发亮，体现祖孙间愉快的交谈。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：十月下旬的一个早晨，玛丽接到一个电话，说她祖母的病情恶化了。A. message消息，信息；B. draft草稿，草案；C. letter信，信件；D. call电话。根据后文“She hung up and rushed out.”可知，玛丽是接电话得知消息的。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：玛丽的心沉了下去。A. beat跳动，心跳；B. switched转换，切换；C. sank下沉，沉下；D. wept哭泣，流泪。根据前文“her grandmother had taken a turn for the worse”可推知，此处指得知祖母病情恶化，玛丽应感到担忧难过，心情沉重。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她决定往回开几英里，剪些花。A. around围绕，掉头；B. beyond超出，越过；C. on继续，向前；D. off离开，关闭。根据前文“Mary was in such a hurry to get to the hospital that she sped past her flower spot.”及后文“head several miles back and clip some flowers”可知，玛丽的车速很快需掉头回去剪花，turn around是固定短语，意为“掉头”。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：玛丽到达医院时，发现祖母身体虚弱且无法回应。A. unresponsive无反应的，没有回应的；B. nonverbal非语言的；C. invisible看不见的，无形的；D. disapproving不赞成的；反对的。根据前文“Mary arrived at the hospital to find her grandmother fragile”可知，祖母病情严重，身体虚弱，无法做出回应。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她感觉到祖母握住她手指的力度——这是自然之美及其力量的证明。A. ceased停止，终止；B. expanded扩大，扩展；C. resisted抵抗，抗拒；D. tightened变紧，握紧。根据后文“proof of nature’s beauty and its power”可知，花给了祖母力量，她会“握紧”玛丽的手。故选D项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Silk Road, covering vast distances and an astonishing ____36____ (vary) of landscapes, was a network of ancient trade routes from East Asia to the Mediterranean. A crucial section of the network is the Chang’an-Tianshan Corridor ____37____ (stretch) through China, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. The three countries successfully pursued the route’s status in UNESCO World Heritage. The Silk Road began to develop in the 2nd century BCE when Zhang Qian, the ambassador assigned by the emperor, ____38____ (journey) from Chang’an to Central Asia. Different ways ____39____ (seek) by Zhang Qian to build bridges between the major powers of the time, ____40____ the routes network reaching as far as the Roman Empire. ____41____ (initial), silk was the main item exported along the network ____42____ its weight was light and its value was high. Apart from trade exchange, the network was employed to exchange cultures, ____43____ shaped the evolution of science, art, technology and other areas in societies along the network. These amazingly long routes achieved a ____44____ (share) development by connecting Eastern and Western civilizations. The addition of the Chang’an-Tianshan Corridor ____45____ the UNESCO World Heritage List is a milestone in recognition of the Silk Road as a crucial part of mankind’s common heritage. 【答案】36. variety 37. stretching 38. journeyed 39. were sought 40 with 41. Initially 42. because 43. which 44. shared 45. to 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍丝绸之路的地理范围、历史起源、贸易与文化交流意义，及长安-天山廊道入选世界遗产的重要意义。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：丝绸之路覆盖广阔地域，地貌类型惊人多样，是古代连接东亚与地中海的贸易路线网络。此处为固定搭配“a variety of”，意为“各种各样的”，用vary的名词形式variety，意为“多样性”。故填variety。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：该网络的关键路段是长安-天山廊道，绵延穿过中国、哈萨克斯坦和吉尔吉斯斯坦。此处为非谓语动词，the Chang’an-Tianshan Corridor与stretch为主动关系，用现在分词stretching作后置定语。故填stretching。 【38题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：丝绸之路始于公元前2世纪，当时皇帝派遣的使者张骞从长安出使中亚。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“in the 2nd century BCE”，描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，所以谓语动词为journeyed。故填journeyed。 【39题详解】 考查动词语态和时态。句意：张骞寻求多种方式在当时的各大强国之间搭建桥梁，该路线网络远及罗马帝国。此处为谓语动词，根据语境“过去被寻求”，用一般过去时的被动语态；主语Different ways为复数，所以谓语动词为were sought。故填were sought。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：张骞寻求多种方式在当时的各大强国之间搭建桥梁，该路线网络远及罗马帝国。此处为with的复合结构“with +宾语+现在分词”，作状语，表示“路线网络延伸至……”，用介词with。故填with。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：最初，丝绸是该网络上的主要出口商品，因为它重量轻、价值高。此处修饰整个句子，用initial的副词形式initially，意为“最初、起初”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Initially。 【42题详解】 考查连词。句意：最初，丝绸是该网络上的主要出口商品，因为它重量轻、价值高。此处引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”，用连词because。故填because。 【43题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：除了贸易交流，该网络还用于文化交流，这塑造了沿线社会在科学、艺术、技术等领域的发展。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个句子描述的“文化交流”这件事，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。 44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这些惊人的漫长路线通过连接东西方文明，实现了共同发展。此处修饰名词development，用share的形容词形式shared，意为“共同的、共享的”。故填shared。 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意：长安—天山廊道被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录，是对丝绸之路作为人类共同遗产重要组成部分的认可，具有里程碑意义。此处为固定搭配“the addition to...”，意为“……被加入到……中”，用介词to。故填to。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，上周在接待国际交换生的过程中，因为文化差异，发生了一个小尴尬。请写一封电子邮件给英国笔友Jenny，内容包括： （1）事情经过； （2）所获启示。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Jenny, I'd like to share with you a small awkward moment last week. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】参考范文： Dear Jenny, I'd like to share with you a small awkward moment last week. When I treated the international exchange student Tom to dinner, I kept piling food onto his plate, which made him quite embarrassed. Later I learned that Westerners prefer serving themselves instead of being helped this way. This experience taught me a lot. Cultural differences really matter in communication. We should learn more about others' customs to avoid such misunderstandings. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。上周在接待国际交换生的过程中，因为文化差异，发生了一个小尴尬。请写一封电子邮件给英国笔友Jenny，叙述事情经过以及所获启示。 详解】1.词汇积累： 尴尬的：awkward→embarrassed 招待；请客：treat→entertain 堆积：pile→heap 避免：avoid→evade 2.句式拓展： 同义句 原句：When I treated the international exchange student Tom to dinner, I kept piling food onto his plate, which made him quite embarrassed. 拓展句：While treating the international exchange student Tom to dinner, I continuously heaped food onto his plate, causing him to feel quite embarrassed. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】When I treated the international exchange student Tom to dinner, I kept piling food onto his plate, which made him quite embarrassed.（运用when引导的时间状语从句和非限定性定语从句） 【高分句型 2】 Later I learned that Westerners prefer serving themselves instead of being helped this way.（用that引导的宾语从句） 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was the last day before moving into the new house. Mr. and Mrs. Martin wanted to make it warm and lovely, so they decided to do some decorating themselves. That morning, Mrs. Martin stood at the door, reminding her busy husband. “Don’t climb too high, don’t move heavy boxes, and don’t forget to rest,” she said again and again, before she eventually headed out to buy curtains. Earlier, their daughter Emily had called. She said she was tied up with her job in another city, but promised, “Don’t worry, we’ll celebrate together soon.” The couple missed her, of course, but they smiled at each other and agreed it would be meaningful to get the new home ready, a warm welcome awaiting their daughter’s arrival. Mr. Martin waved goodbye to his wife and went back to his decorating work, confident and full of energy at first. But soon the living room turned into a battlefield. Boxes, nails, a hammer and screwdrivers lay everywhere. Paint splashed onto the floor, and the wall looked like a child’s drawing. And several photo frames were scattered on the ground. “A spider!” Mr. Martin climbed onto a shaky stool to chase it away-his wife hated those things — but instead he slipped and broke a photo frame. “Ouch, my back!” he groaned, sweat trickling down his forehead. He began to wonder whether he was really able to do this job alone. Then came a sharp smell from the kitchen. “Oh no, my cake!” Mr. Martin dragged himself to open the oven. The cake, which he had planned to surprise his wife, was now nothing but a hard black rock. He stared at it, shaking his head. “Should I admit the mess? Or pretend nothing happened?” he whispered. Suddenly, the door creaked open. Mrs. Martin stepped inside with the new curtains in her arms. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: For a moment, Mrs. Martin stood frozen. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: With the new curtains finally in place, the doorbell rang. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： Paragraph 1: For a moment, Mrs. Martin stood frozen. Her eyes widened at the messy living room — paint splatters on the floor, scattered tools, and the broken photo frame. When she spotted the blackened cake in the oven, she let out a soft sigh. Mr. Martin lowered his head in shame, ready for criticism. Unexpectedly, Mrs. Martin walked over and gently touched his back. “Are you hurt?” she asked worriedly. Then she smiled, “We’re decorating a home, not building a palace. Mess is part of the fun.” Together, they started cleaning up, with Mr. Martin sharing his clumsy attempts to chase the spider. Paragraph 2: With the new curtains finally in place, the doorbell rang. It was Emily, holding a big bunch of flowers. She stepped inside and gasped, “Wow, it feels like home already!” Her eyes fell on the slightly messy but warm room, and then on the black cake. Mr. Martin scratched his head awkwardly, but Emily laughed and said, “I love it — it’s full of your love.” That evening, they ordered takeout, talked and laughed while arranging photo frames. The messy living room, once a battlefield, had turned into the warmest corner of their new home. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。讲述了搬家前一天，马丁夫妇俩自行装修新房，想给女儿营造温馨的家。过程中马丁先生状况频出，摔坏相框、烤焦蛋糕，正犹豫是否坦白时，妻子带着新窗帘回来了。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段句首内容“马丁太太愣在原地，一动不动。”可知，第一段可以描写马丁太太看到被丈夫弄得一团糟的客厅和烤焦的蛋糕时的反应，从最初的惊讶到选择温柔包容，再到两人一起清理、分享趣事，凸显夫妻间的理解与温情。 ②由第二段句首内容“新窗帘终于挂好了，门铃响了。”可知，第二段可以描写女儿埃米莉到达后的反应，她对充满生活气息的房间和“失败蛋糕”的接纳与赞赏，接着三人一起点餐、欢笑、整理相框，最终将“混乱”升华为新家最温暖的印记，点明“爱与包容让家有温度”的主旨。 2.续写线索：发现房间混乱——丈夫愧疚等待批评——妻子温柔包容——共同清理分享趣事——门铃响——女儿到达——三人欢聚定格温馨 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①发现：spot/discover ②走过去：walk over/go over ③轻拍他背部：gently touch his back/pat him on the back gently 情绪类 ①羞愧地：in shame/shamefacedly ②出乎意料地：unexpectedly/surprisingly 【点睛】【高分句型1】When she spotted the blackened cake in the oven, she let out a soft sigh. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句) 【高分句型2】That evening, they ordered takeout, talked and laughed while arranging photo frames. (运用了while引导的时间状语从句的省略) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $