Unit1 Science and scientists Reading and Thinking 同步练习-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第二册

UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS Period 1 Reading and Thinking I. 根据汉语或首字母提示填写单词 1. In our project, we used _________ (统计数字) to compare the population growth of different cities over the past decade. 2. The company has made _________ (大量的) contributions to research and development. 3. We need clean air to breathe and _________ (纯净的) water to drink every day. 4. _________ (怀疑) of damaging this cultural heritage, he was questioned by the police. 5. We use the hall for _________ (多种多样的) purposes, one of which is for lectures. 6. The factory is facing a shortage of r_________ materials, which has delayed production. 7. The advice we receive can be c_________ sometimes and we have to make decisions for ourselves. 8. Many h_________ in our neighborhood now separate recyclables from regular trash to reduce environmental impact. 9. With the ocean becoming s_________ polluted, we must take effective measures to address the problem. 10. The frozen lake was solid p_________ that the temperature dropped below zero last night. II. 选择短语语并用其正确形式填空 thanks to, find out, draw a conclusion, once and for all, attend to, subscribe to, in time, as a result of 1. We need to analyze all the relevant data carefully before __________________. 2. It was _________ your support and encouragement that we handled the problem smoothly. 3. After one week of investigation, I think we have to solve this matter _________. 4. In the video, we can see the nurses are busy _________ the patients. 5. An investigation is underway to _________ how the disaster happened. 6. She _________ the idea that everyone should have equal access to education opportunities. 7. Sea ice has been on the decrease in the Arctic _________ global warming. 8. Study at your own pace and never lose heart, and you will make progress _________. III. 单句填空 1. The project _________ (handle) professionally by the team we had recommended before. 2. After three hours of struggle, we finally had the problem _________ (solve). 3. The Chinese coach transformed Douglas _________ one of the best gymnasts in the world. 4. She got a severe throat _________ (infect), meaning she couldn’t sing. 5. Government _________ (intervene) to regulate prices aims to lessen the destructive effects of economic depression. 6. This system can help to _________ (pure) the water quality, reduce pollution and improve environment. 7. _________ (blame) for the breakdown of the network, Tom felt it was time to address the problem. 8. Learning that no effective measures _____________ (take), she felt annoyed. 9. With population growth _________ (decrease) every year, the government has to take some effective measures. 10. _________ to adapt yourselves to the new environment is the first thing to do when you study abroad. IV. 根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 看他的表情，他似乎已经解决了他的难题。 Given his expression, __________________ he had solved his problem. 2. [2024·新课标Ⅰ卷] 我真的很感谢在我困窘不堪的时候他帮助我的这种方式。(the way) I really appreciate __________________ when I was stuck in such an embarrassing situation. 3. 为了加深对中国的了解，他表达了想在中国学习的强烈愿望。(不定式作后置定语) To deepen his understanding of China, he ___________________________ in China. 4. [2024·新课标Ⅰ卷] 我们去户外上美术课的原因是可以更多接触大自然。(表语从句) The reason why we had an art class was ____________________________________. 5. 你务必要提前给我打电话，以便我可以做一些必要的安排。(so that) You must call me in advance _____________________________________________. V. 语法填空 [课文改编] Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world, until a British doctor, John Snow, showed how it could be overcome. John Snow was 1. _________ pioneer in the use of maps and statistics when studying cholera. Snow began the 2. _________ (investigate) by marking on a map the exact places where all those who died had lived. There were multiple 3. _________ (death) near the water pump in Broad Street. However, there were also some streets 4. _________ no one died in some households. He found that the survivors 5. _________ (give) free beer and had not drunk the pump water. Another woman away from the water pump had the water 6. _________ (deliver) to her house so that she as well as her daughter died of cholera. As a consequence 7. _________ the evidence, Snow announced the water pump was 8. _________ (blame). His intervention of removing the pump handle stopped the disease in 9. _________ (it) tracks. Snow also showed a link between cholera and water companies, 10. _________ (make) them sell clean water. Therefore, the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease. VI. 阅读理解 [2025·河北邢台期中] | 体裁 记叙文 | 题材 著名人物 || 词数 327 | 难度 中等 建议用时 7分钟 | Ernst Mach was a weak child, born in Moravia (now Czechia) in 1838. He didn’t even go to school until the age of 14. Instead, his parents educated him at home. Like many genius children, his teachers criticized him, calling him “unteachable, absolutely talentless.” Yet young Mach excelled at university in Vienna. He studied mathematics, physics and philosophy. He was also boundlessly curious. He conducted all kinds of experiments, believing that theories must be tried, tested, and proven in facts, but first formulated in the mind. He brought this rigorous (严密的) approach to his studies, believing that true science is based on what actually happens and can be observed. In addition to his work in the sciences, Mach was also a well-rounded student, with interests in philosophy and even sports. He was an excellent boxer and fencer, which reflected the wide range of his abilities and interests. As a teacher, Mach was serious and demanding. That was the model of pedagogy (教学) of his time, and Mach followed this standard; tight collar, buttoned-down tie, waistcoat and jacket, and serious eyes behind wire-framed glasses. He expected exactness from his students. Among those he influenced was the young Albert Einstein. Mach’s insistence on clarity and rigorous testing of ideas helped shape Einstein’s thinking. Though Mach was doubtful about some of Einstein’s later conclusions, such as \( E = mc^2 \), his doubt drove Einstein to prove his ideas further. He pushed the young Einstein to achieve excellence. While Mach is credited with many theories of his own, including the aircraft velocity (速度) measurement that bears his name, “Mach 1, Mach 2, etc.”, his mentorship of Einstein is perhaps his greatest achievement. The best teachers in our lives also challenge us and see us as not yet complete but full of potential. They shine a light on the path that gets us to a successful reality. And through us, they live on. 1. What can we know about Ernst Mach from paragraph 1? A. He attended university at the age of 14. B. He was considered a genius by his teachers. C. His early education was shaped by his parents. D. His physical disability discouraged his studying. 2. How did Ernst Mach impact Albert Einstein? A. He forced Einstein to give in. B. He challenged Einstein to excel. C. He introduced new theories to Einstein. D. He inspired Einstein to focus on physics. 3. Which can best describe Ernst Mach? A. Cautious and ambitious. B. Professional and influential. C. Diligent and dependent. D. Incredible and accessible. 4. In which column of a magazine can we probably read this text? A. Sports. B. Travel. C. Fashion. D. Education. 核心词汇 1. genius n. 天分,天才 2. boundlessly adv. 无穷地 3. well-rounded adj. 全面的 4. be credited with 因……被称赞/认可 5. shine a light on 照亮,使……显现出来 熟词生义 push 熟义：v.推,推动 生义：v.督促 派生词汇 1. unteachable adj. 不可教的,难教育的 2. boundlessly adv. 无穷地,无限地 3. demanding adj. 要求高的 4. exactness n. 精确 Ⅶ. 七选五 | 体裁 说明文 | 题材 生活中的发展变化 || 词数 256 | 难度 中等 建议用时 7分钟 | As time goes by, remarkable changes have taken place in people’s daily lives. In the past, communication mainly relied on letters and landline phones. 1. _________People had no choice but to wait patiently. Now, with the popularity of smartphones and the Internet, we can instantly connect with anyone around the world through different messaging apps, video calls, and social media platforms. 2. _________ Transportation has also transformed. Decades ago, bicycles and buses were the common means of getting around for most people. Long-distance travel might mean crowded trains with limited facilities. Today, we have high-speed trains. 3. _________Besides, we have comfortable airplanes that enable us to travel across continents easily. Private cars are also widely available, providing more convenience and flexibility for our trips. In terms of shopping, traditional markets and small local stores were the main shopping places in the past. 4. _________Nowadays, e-commerce (电子商务) has grown rapidly. We can sit at home and order almost everything we need from huge online shopping platforms, and the goods will be delivered to our doorstep. This has saved us a lot of time and effort. 5. _________In the old days, people might gather around a radio to listen to programs or watch black-and-white TV shows with limited channels. Now, we have a wide range of options such as streaming services with countless movies, TV series, and online games that can be accessed on different devices. In all, the changes in people’s daily lives due to the development of the times are truly astonishing. A. People tend to shop online at present. B. They can cover great distances in a short time. C. People’s quality of life is closely related to the times. D. Entertainment has seen a significant transformation too. E. It often took a long time for a letter to reach its destination. F. People had to visit different stores in order to buy different items. G. This has made the world seem smaller and brought people closer. 参考答案 I. 根据汉语或首字母提示填写单词 1. statistics 2. substantial 3. pure 4. Suspected 5. various 6. raw 7. conflicting 8. households 9. seriously 10. proof II短语填空： 1. drawing a conclusion 2. thanks to 3. once and for all 4. attending to 5. find out 6. subscribes to 7. as a result of 8. in time III. 单句填空 1. was handled 2. solved3. into 4. infection 5. intervention 6. purify 7. Blamed 8. had been taken 9. decreasing 10. How IV. 根据汉语意思完成句子 1. it seems that 2. the way he helped me 3. expressed a strong desire to study 4. that we could have more contact with nature 5. so that I can make some necessary arrangements V. 语法填空 1. a 2. investigation 3. deaths 4. where 5. were given 6. delivered 7. of 8. to blame 9. its 10. making Ⅶ. 七选五 1. E 2. G 3. B 4. F 5. D VI. 阅读理解 1. C 2. B 3. B 4. D 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $