Unit2知识清单 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级上册

该初中英语Unit2知识清单系统整合了Section A和Section B的核心内容，涵盖重点短语、句型、固定搭配、语法及书面表达五大知识范畴，为学生搭建了从基础词汇积累到语法规则应用再到语用情境输出的阶梯式学习支架。 清单通过“功能句型分类”“语法规则详解”和“词汇用法对比”构建知识体系，如将“Could you please...?”礼貌请求句型单独列出并附教材例句，用表格对比“lend/borrow/keep”用法，培养学生的语言能力和思维品质。特别设计书面表达范文及写作提示，标注“until”等重点词用法，不同水平学生可高效掌握，教师可直接用于备课，提升教学针对性。

Unit2 知识清单 SectionA 1． 一、重点短语 1. pack up things 收拾东西 2. sweep the floor 扫地 3. hang up photos挂照片 4. clean the bathroom打扫浴室 5. water the plants 给植物浇水 6. hang out with friends 和朋友一起出去玩 7.sort things into boxes把东西分类放箱子里 8.on each box在每个箱子上 9. invite friends to the new house 邀请朋友来新家 invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 invite sb. to +地点 邀请某人到某地 10. keep fish in the living room 在客厅养鱼 11. on the balcony 在阳台上 12. by the window 在窗户旁 13. in front of the window 在窗户前 14. make grandparents feel at home 让祖父母感到宾至如归 15. add things to their home 给他们的家添置东西 16. go shopping 去购物 17. make biscuits 烤饼干 18. borrow a chess set 借一副象棋 borrow sth from sb 向某人借某物 19.buy sth for sb 为某人买某物 20. cook a meal 做一顿饭 21.go to the movies 看电影 22.take notes 做笔记 23.take out rubbish 倒垃圾 24. plan a treasure hunt 策划一个寻宝游戏 25. clean up the community 打扫社区 26.an hour later 一小时之后 27.can’t wait to do sth.等不及要做某事 28.get ready for their arrival为他们的到来做准备 30.give sb. a lift=give a lift to sb.让某人搭便车 二．重点句子 1. I can’t wait to show them our new house! 我等不及要向他们展示我们的新房子了！ 2. we need to get ready for their arrival. 我们需要为他们的到来做好准备。 3. I bought it for Grandpa to see the time. 我买它是给爷爷看时间的。 4. Can you move this chair to their room? 你能把这把椅子搬到他们的房间吗？ 5.-Could you please sweep the floor? 请问你能扫地吗？ -OK, Mum. I’ll do it at once. 好的，妈妈。我马上做。 7.-Could I hang out with my friends after lunch? 午饭后我能和我的朋友们出去玩吗？ -Sorry, Jim, but you have to pack up your things first. 对不起吉姆，但你必须先收拾好你的东西。 8.-Can I put some flowers on the table? 我可以在桌上放一些花吗？ -Yes, good idea! 是的，好主意！ 9.-Can you help me hang up the photos? 你能帮我挂照片吗？ -Sure. / No problem! 当然。/ 没问题！ 10. Grandpa and grandma are visiting us this weekend.爷爷奶奶这周要来探望我们。 11. Let me show you the way.让我给你指路吧。 12. It’s difficult to open the door.很难开门。 三．固定搭配 1.invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 2.invite sb. to + 地点名词 邀请某人去某地 3.can′t wait to do sth. 迫不及待地要做某事 4.show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb. 给某人展示某物 5.be/get ready for sth.为什么做准备 6.buy sb. sth.=buy sth.for sb. 给某人买某物 7.move ..... to....把...搬到... 8.borrow sth. from sb.向某人借某物 9.plan to do sth.计划做某事 10.make a plan 做计划 11.be careful with + 名词 小心.... be careful with the hot plate. 小心那个热盘子。 12. be careful not to + 动词 小心不要做..... be careful not to drop it. 小心别把它掉了。 Unit2 知识清单 Section B 一、重点短语 1.answer with a smile微笑着回答 2.after a little while过了一会儿 3.at the end of the road 在路的尽头 4.catch the train赶火车 5.see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事(片段) see sb.do sth看见某人做某事(过程) 6.share sth. with sb.和某人分享某物 7.be busy doing sth忙于做某事 be busy with sth 忙于某事 8.set the table摆放餐具 9.the familiar taste of home熟悉的家的味道 be familiar with ...熟悉...... 10.have a good laugh开怀大笑 11.with tears in her eyes她眼里含着泪水 12.tell jokes讲笑话 13.be glad to do sth很高兴做某事 14.a place of love一个有爱的地方 15.paint sth.+颜色 给某物涂成......色 16.a plate of一盘 17.freshly-made biscuits刚做好的饼干 18.be excited to do sth.对做某事感到兴奋 19.live in the same area住在同一个地区 20.with a high price以一个很高的价格 21.make paper-cuts 做剪纸 22.bring joy to sb给某人带来欢乐 23.wait for sb等待某人 24.give a hand伸出援手 25.light green浅绿色 dark green 深绿色 26.fold the clothes 叠衣服 27.a pair of scissors一把剪刀 28.take out the rubbish把垃圾拿出去 29.walk the dog遛狗 30.greet sb.和某人打招呼 31.more than=over 多于 32.feel free to do sth 尽管做；随意做 33.make paper-cuts 做剪纸 34.a pair of scissors 一把剪刀 二、重点句型 1. East or west, home is best. 金窝银窝，不如自己的草窝。 2.If you have any questions or need help, feel free to ask.如果你有任何问题或需要帮助，请尽管问。 3.In our community, everyone is friendly and always ready to give a hand. 在我们的社区，每个人都很友好，总是乐于伸出援助之手。 4.At the end of the road, I saw Grandpa and my little cousin standing in the cold wind waiting for us. 在路的尽头，我看到外祖父和我的小表弟站在寒风中等我们。 5.No matter how long I’m away, home is always glad to see me again. 不管我离开多久，家总是很高兴再次见到我。 6.He was happy to hear I was doing well at school.听说我在学校表现很好，他很高兴。 7.We got up very early in the morning to catch the train.我们一大早就起床去赶火车。 8.Grandma, my aunt, and my uncle were busy cooking dinner in the kitchen. 奶奶、阿姨和叔叔正忙着在厨房做饭。 9.Mom nodded,with tears in her eyes.妈妈点点头，热泪盈眶。 10.Your arrival brings joy to us.你的到来带给了我们快乐。 11.Let me know what you think.让我知道你所想的。 12.Home is a place of love.家是一个充满爱的地方。 三、重点语法 1.有礼貌地提出请求的句型： Could you (please) +动词原形...？ 请你(做)……好吗？ Could you (please) not +动词原形.? 请你不要(做)……好吗？ · 肯定回答：Sure. /Yes, Sure./ Of course. / All right. / OK. /Certainly. /No problem. · 否定回答：常以Sorry开头 Sorry, I can’t. I have to do my homework. /I’d love to,but I have to ... · 请求许可的句型：-Could I / we + 动词原形 … 我/我们可以做...吗？-Yes, you can. /No, you can’t. 【教材例句】 · -Could you please sweep the floor? -Yes, Dad.!'ll do it at once. · -Could I hang out with my friends after lunch? -Sorry, Jim, but you have to pack up your things first. · -Can I put some flowers on the table? -Yes, good idea! · -Can you help me hang up the photos? -Sure./ No problem! 2.with用法 【考点回顾】①使用 They can pick up and carry heavy things with their trunks. ②和... I shared the snacks with my cousin. Mary with her friends is playing football. ③戴着；长着... The girl with big eyes is my daughter. *新增考点 with表示“伴随；带有” with 复合结构 →with+名词/代词+介词短语/形容词/分词/副词 · He slept with the window open.（形容词） 他开着窗睡觉。 · With the light on,I can read at night.（副词）开着灯，我可以晚上看书。 · With winter coming,it gets colder.（现在分词）冬天来了，天气变冷。 · He stood there with his hands in his pocket.(名词+介词短语）他站在那里，手放在口袋里。 【教材例句】 · Mum nodded, with tears in her eyes.妈妈眼含热泪地点头。 · “Ah, home again!" said Mum with a smile on her face.啊，又回家了！妈妈微笑着说。 · Dad answered with a smile."爸爸微笑着回答。 3.不定式作目的状语 【教材例句】 We got up very early in the morning to catch the train.我们早晨早起赶火车。 We walked quickly to greet them.我们快步走去向他们打招呼。 I bought it for Grandpa to see the time.我为爷爷买它来看时间。 四、重点单词 1.invite v.邀请→ n.邀请 invitation 【句型】invite sb. to sth./sp. 邀请某人去参加某事/某地 I want to invite her to the party. invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事。They invited me to go to the party. 2.add v.添加;加 【短语拓展】 add...to... 把...添加到...里 add to 增加；添加 add up to 总数是 3.lend/borrow/keep 区分 lend “借出”，指把自己的东西借给别人， 为非延续性动词，不能和段时间连用 lend sb.  sth. ＝ lend sth.  to sb.  将某物借给某人 borrow “借；向...借”，指从别人或别处借东西，为非延续性动词，不能和段时间连用 borrow sth.  from sb. /sp. 从某人/某处借某物 keep “借，保存，保持”，指借用某物一段时间，为延续性动词。 keep sth.  for some time  借用某物一段时间 例句：The bike is not mine.I____________ it from Bill. 这辆自行车不是我的。我借的比尔的。 It’s very kind of you to ____________money to me.你真善良，借钱给我。 We can ____________the books for a week.我们能借这些书一周。 4.plan v. 策划;打算n.计划;方案 【拓展】 ①plan to do sth. / make a plan to do sth. 计划做某事。 ②a plan/plans for... ...的计划 I have a new play for a party.我有一个新的派对计划。 5.lift n.搭便车;电梯 v.举起;抬起 【拓展】① call the lift 叫电梯 ②lift sb. up 举起某人 ③give sb. a lift 开车顺便送某人 6.until prep.到……时;直到……为止（引导时间状语从句） 【考点】①do sth until... “做某事直到......” (do必须是延续性动词） · Let’s wait until the rain stops. 让我们等到雨停吧。 ②主句为否定句时，构成not...until结构，翻译成“直到……才……” · I didn’t wake up until I heard the clock. 我直到听到闹钟才醒来。 7.smell v.发臭;闻到；闻起来 （过去式 smelt) n. 气味;臭味 【考点】①“闻起来” 感官动词+adj. The dishes smell delicious. 这些菜闻起来很美味。 ② n. 气味;臭味 the smell of ...的气味 8.cover ①vt. 覆盖；v.遮盖;包括 He covered the hole with some flowers.→ cover… with … 用…覆盖… The ground was covered with snow. →be covered with … 覆盖着… ②vt. 行过（一段距离） 　　We covered three cities in a week.我们一周走过了三个城市。 ③ n. 覆盖物，盖子；封面 Put a cover on the box! 在箱子上盖上盖子。 9. hang ①v. 悬挂，吊 过去式：hung I am hanging my picture on the wall. ②v. 绞死，吊死 过去式：hanged She hanged herself. ③【短语】 hang out with… 和…闲逛；和…出去玩 hang over 笼罩 hang up 挂起;挂断电话 10.add /æd/ v. 添加；加 短语 ①add sth. to sth. 把…… 添加到……Add milk to the tea. 把牛奶加到茶里。 ②add to sth. 增加；增添 The new painting adds to the beauty of the room.新画增添了房间的美感。 11.be careful with 注意；当心 be careful (not) to do 小心（不要）做某事 例句：Be careful with the knife—you might cut yourself.小心那把刀，你可能会割伤自己。 You need to be careful to cross the road.过马路时你要当心。 12. dead /ded/ adj. 不运行的；死的→n. death（死亡）→v. die(死)→adj. dying(垂死的) dead dog没用的人,废物 The bird is dead. 13. hunt n搜寻,狩猎....v.搜寻:打猎n.hunter猎人;搜寻者hunter for寻找 treasure hunt寻宝游戏 14.lift n.搭便车;电梯v.举起,抬起 give sb. a lift 让某人搭便车 lift up举起;激励 15.familiar adj熟悉的;亲近的;随意的 反义词:unfamiliar不熟悉的 短语: be familiar with通晓..;熟悉... be familiar to为...所熟知 a familiar face 熟悉的面孔 sound/look familiar听起来!看起来熟悉 16. joke n.笑话;玩笑.. v.开玩笑. tell a joke开玩笑 play a joke on sb.捉弄某人 joke about sth.拿某事开玩笑 17.nod v.点头;物体晃动n.点头打盹. nods nodding nodded nod at/to sb.向某人点头 nod off打瞌睡;打盹 18.matter v.要紧,有关系. n.问题,事态,情况,围境 What's the matter?怎么了? a matter of.关于..的问题 eg.a matter of time时间问题 no matter (how/ what)无论(怎样/什么)... (as a) matter of fact事实上;实际上 No matter+疑问词+句子=疑问词+ever+句子 No matter where you go,I will go with you.=Wherever you go,I’ll go with you.无论你去哪里，我都会和你一起去。 No matter how hard it was,she didn’t give up.无论多难，她都没有放弃。 19.describe.....v.描述;描绘,形容:画(图形) → n.description 描述 describe sth. to sb.向某人描述某物 describe..as...把..描述为.. 20.joy n.喜悦:乐趣;满足...v.感到高兴;感到欣喜.→adj.joyful欢喜的→adv.joyfully高兴地 with joy高兴地 eg.She cried with joy.她喜极而泣. full of joy 充满喜悦 21.glue ①n.胶水(不可数) →adj. gluey胶的.粘的 a bottle of glue 一瓶胶水 ②v.粘贴,肢合 glue A to/onto B(把A粘到B上) glue sth.together把某物粘起来/一起 书面表达： 我们在追逐青春梦想的同时，不能忽视"劳动最光荣"的优良传统。经常做家务不仅能锻炼我们的动手能力，还能增强我们的责任感。请你以“To be a helper of my family”为题目写一篇英语短文。 要点：1．你经常做哪些家务? 2．描述一次你印象最深刻的家务劳动过程，并写出劳动后的感悟。 【写作提示】 1.主题：如何成为家庭的好帮手2. 体裁：记叙文3. 人称：以第一人称为主 4. 时态：以一般过去时为主5. 要点：经常做的家务、一次家务劳动的过程、劳动后的感悟 6. 写作思路：开头引出话题，说明自己经常干的家务；接着详细描述自己一次做家务的过程；最后表达劳动后自己的感悟。 To be a helper of my family I often do chores at home, such as making the bed, washing the dishes, walking the dog and so on. I take out the rubbish and pack up my things every day. Last Friday evening, my parents were busy with their work and didn’t come back home until 8 o’clock. I decided to cook a meal for my family instead of just waiting. It was my first time to make a meal. I learned it on the Internet before cooking. With the step-by-step directions, I managed to make the first dish. Then I tried to cook another. When my parents came back home and saw the dishes on the table, they couldn’t believe their eyes. They were very pleased with me. East or west, home is the best. I think every family member should share housework. It is our duty to keep our house clean and tidy. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $