精品解析：重庆市第十一中学校2025-2026学年高三上第四次质量检测英语试题

重庆市第十一中学校教育集团高2026届高三第四次质量检测 英语试题 2025.11 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What was the problem with the coffee last time? A. It was too expensive. B. It wasn’t sweet enough. C. It was the wrong temperature. 2. What is the answer of the last puzzle? A. A door handle. B. A keyboard. C. A clock. 3. What does the woman probably like most about this book? A. The long history. B. The unique characters. C. The effect on her feelings. 4. What mainly went wrong? A. The man forgot about the meeting. B. The speakers went to different locations. C. The woman misunderstood the appointment time. 5. How does the woman probably feel now? A. Concerned. B. Impressed. C. Hungry. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答第6、7题。 6. How often do the speakers normally see each other? A. Every month. B. Every two weeks. C. Every week. 7. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A haircut. B. A medical check. C. An after-school lesson. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. When is the conversation probably taking place? A. Autumn. B. Winter. C. Spring. 9. What did the man say was most important? A. Practicing turning. B. Staying low. C. Keeping balance. 听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。 10. Where are the speakers? A. At a café. B. At a store. C. At a news stand. 11. What does the man introduce first about the flight? A. The requirements of the pilots. B. The plane’s technology. C. The flight path. 12. What surprised the man most about this journey? A. How long it took. B. How small the plane was. C. How many pilots were involved. 13. What does the woman think of the plane? A. It is ready for business. B. It needs more development. C. It relies too much on fuel. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What’s the relationship between the speakers? A. Strangers. B. Fellow volunteers. C. Neighbors. 15. Who actually helps the group keep running? A. Large store owners. B. Individual donors. C. School leaders. 16. What is the group’s main goal? A. Teaching children how to read. B. Encouraging people to exchange books. C. Offering books to areas without library access. 17. What did the man probably hand to the woman? A. A map. B. A brochure. C. A book. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Which is the subject of the class? A. Science. B. History. C. Art. 19. What is the speaker trying to do? A. Emphasize class rules. B. Know about the children. C. Develop the children’s interest. 20. What are the listeners expected to do next? A. Raise questions. B. Give their answers. C. Write down notes. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A You might think you’re in control of your schedule, but your body evolved to follow a natural rhythm. Sticking closer to that routine can help keep you in tiptop shape. Drink coffee Drinking caffeine is best done early in the day. Drank later, it can reset your body’s clock and prevent sleep. If you’re sure you can take a short of espresso (浓缩咖啡) at 8 p. m. and be snoring by 10 p. m. , try skipping the caffeine for a few weeks to see what a night of truly good rest feels like. Sleep Around 8 or 9 p. m. , our bodies start to cool down, and we sleep better when we have a low core body temperature. But how much shut-eye is ideal? Studies show that those who get six and a half to eight hours are less likely to die prematurely. Eight hours seems to be perfect. Exercise Some people swear by early-morning jogs. But muscle tone is highest around 5 p. m. . Even pros get a boost: West Coast NFL teams won more often and by a higher margin in matches after 8 p. m. on the East Coast. Still on Pacific time, their bodies were ready to play. Do math Scientists think we reach maximum alertness between 10 a. m. and 2 p. m. , with a peak around noon. For the first few hours after we wake, organs with more basic functions take priority. Once they’re booted up, our brains have a chance to use or keep some more energy. Be creative The evolution of language religion, and philosophy all started with late-night talks and research suggests there is still a different cast to our nocturnal meditations. So save that story you’ve been meaning to write for a dark and restless night. 1. What does the author suggest people who drink coffee late in the day do? A. Kick their habit and go to bed early. B. Skip the coffee and see how they-sleep. C. Stick to their habit to have a sound sleep. D. Go to bed two hours after drinking coffee. 2. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A. A higher body temperature promotes better sleep. B. Do math tasks near night for maximum alertness. C. The duration of sleep can affect the length of life. D. Afternoon exercise outperforms morning workouts. 3. What is probably the best time for a writer to write inspiring stories? A. 8 a.m. B. 10 a.m. C. 5 p.m. D. 11 p.m. B Chemist Omar M. Yaghi has been awarded the 2025 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, sharing it with Richard Robson and Susumu Kitagawa. They were recognized for their discovery of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) . From a small room above his — father’s butcher shop to the world stage of science, Yaghi’s journey is as remarkable as his discovery. For Yaghi, a poor child, the path to education was far from easy. Born in 1965 to a refugee family in Amman, Jordan, Yaghi grew up in a “humble home.” “A dozen of us shared it with the cattle we raised,” he recalled. They had no electricity and very little clean water. After school, he had to help his father run the family shop. At 15, his father told him that he must go to the U. S. to study. Before finishing high school, he moved alone to Troy, New York. With little English, Yaghi had to take English courses at a community college while supporting himself by bagging groceries and mopping floors. Despite all these hardships, he managed to graduate in 1985 with a bachelor’s degree in chemistry. “I was in love with chemistry from the very beginning” Yaghi once said. That passion led him to earn a Ph. D. at the University of Illinois in 1990, followed by a postdoctoral fellowship at Harvard. Over the years, he flourished in academia and came to be known as the “father of MOFs.” His influence was immense — between 2000 and 2010, he ranked as the world’s second most-cited chemist. Honors followed, and he was elected to several of. the most respected and admired scientific academies at home and abroad. Beyond research, Yaghi has devoted himself to supporting young researchers in developing countries. He founded the Berkeley Global Science Institute to promote “science without borders.” With research centers across Asia and the Middle East, the institute encourages local scholars to join global scientific work early in their careers. Reflecting on his journey, Yaghi said, “Science is the greatest equalizing force in the world.” His parents had little formal education, but the pursuit of science completely transformed his life, which is a testament to the power of the universal language of science. 4. Why does the author mention Yaghi’s early life? A. To describe his humble childhood. B. To stress his tough path to success. C. To show his early passion for chemistry. D. To explain his family’s refugee background. 5. What can be inferred from the underlined sentence? A. Science can empower people beyond their origins. B. Science can thoroughly reduce race discrimination. C. Science is a primary driver of technological progress. D. Science is the only way to overcome social inequality. 6. According to the passage, what kind of person is Omar Yaghi? A. Humble and insecure. B. Selfless and know-it-all. C. Ambitious and committed. D. Imaginative and big-headed. 7. What’s the best title of this passage? A. The Global Impact of MOFs Research. B. The Remarkable Achievements of a Chemist. C. The Discovery of Metal-Organic Frameworks. D. The Journey from Refugee to the Nobel Prize. C Labubu dolls first hit the market in 2019, but in 2025 they are sustaining a viral moment. Their explosion of popularity can be traced to celebrities owning them. Bieber was photographed with one of the miniatures dangling from a luxury handbag last year. Other celebrities, such as David Beckham, followed suit. Then everyone was in on it. What’s the aesthetic appeal? Subjective! The dolls are the creation of artist Kasing Lung. He was inspired by Norse mythology (北欧神话) when creating his “Monsters” characters for a series of picture books in 2015, of which Labubu is but one. The dolls’ cute fluffy ears are quite a contrast to their sharp-looking teeth. You can dress them yourself, or accessories (配件) are available for purchase. The doll speaks to a global online aesthetic, but that’s not the whole story. Pop Mart has also used a set of mixed marketing strategies that have helped it gain fame. The first trick involves distributing products in limited quantities. The company releases waves of variations, some in very limited numbers. The company releases waves of variations, some in very limited numbers, and then cuts them off — creating hype around new releases. Add to this, Labubu dolls are mostly sold in “blind boxes.” At the time of purchase, you don’t know which model you’ll acquire. There’s a lottery element of possibly acquiring a rare doll with a higher potential resale value than others. No wonder the Pop Mart spokesperson was able to claim: “This isn’t just about’ toys’ but about a collectibles-centered pop-culture movement.” More importantly, this “movement” is targeted not at children but at adults. The queues, the celebrity promotion, and the online fans exist in a grown-up consumer conversation. Men’s fashion magazine GQ has already run an article about the doll as a popular accessory in the growing market for men’s luxury handbags. Trends with this level of popularity are rooted in a cultural context. Fads catch on because they bring together social anxieties technological shifts, and shared desires that we may struggle to explain but instantly find familiar. In this sense, the doll becomes a symbol of shared self-reflection. Like adult coloring books, video games, and Lego sets, Labubu dolls offer an escape into an echo of childhood simplicity. This pulls adults away from the complexities that presently overwhelm them. The doll also carries symbolic weight in consumer culture, In a society where ownership defines us and homes are already full, a doll on a handbag still feels special. Its limited availability also gives a sense of rarity in a world of mass production. And if we’re getting up at 3 a. m. to queue for them, one thing is certain. We are the Labubu. And the Labubu is us. 8. What makes Labubu dolls go viral? A. Limited distribution and their high quality. B. Their unique design inspired by mythology. C celebrity promotion and clever marketing. D. The common desire for unique accessories. 9. What does the underline word “hype” mean in Para. 3? A. A period of low sales. B. Widespread discussions. C. Lack of purchase options. D. Strong criticism and doubt. 10. Why are Labubu dolls mostly sold in “blind boxes”? A. To stimulate collectors’ interest to collect. B. To reduce production and packaging costs. C. To make them more appealing to children. D. To ensure every customer gets a rare doll. 11. What does the writer think of Labubu dolls? A. They are toys available for all age groups. B. They change the personality traits of people. C. They offer psychological comfort and escape. D. They have educational value from Nordic myths. D The first chemical reactions in the wake of the Big Bang have been reproduced for the first time in conditions similar to those in the baby Universe. A team of physicists from the Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics in Germany has remade the reactions of HeH+, a molecule (分子) made from a helium atom (氦原子) mixing with an hydrogen atom, which explains some of the earliest processes that gave rise to the Universe as we know it today. Some 13. 8 billion years ago, the birth pain of the Universe produced a hot soup of fundamental particles (粒子). It took about 380,000 years for atoms to concentrate into the very first elements, about 75 percent of which were hydrogen. Hydrogen continues to dominate the Universe’s ingredient list today. None of that, however, could happen without HeH+, a molecule that scientists believe played a huge role in cooling the Universe enough so that the molecular clouds could form the seeds of baby stars. HeH+ paved the way for the formation of the first stars. The researchers carefully studied interactions between HeH+ and a hydrogen atom with one extra neutron (中子) in it, known as deuterium (氘) . They changed the temperature to see if temperature played a role in the reaction rate. It did not. The rate at which the reaction took place remained steady, regardless of the temperature — suggesting that the role HeH+ played in the early Universe did not decline as cooling unfolded, and that its role in the formation of the first generation of stars was a significant one. “Previous theories predicted a significant decrease in the reaction probability at low temperatures but we were unable to prove this,” physicist Holger Kreckel explains. “The reactions of HeH+ with neutral hydrogen and deuterium therefore appear to have been far more important for chemistry in the early Universe than previously assumed.” 12. What role might HeH+ play in the early Universe? A. Cooling baby stars. B. mixing a soup of atoms. C. Lowering the temperature. D. Forming earliest deuterium. 13. What did the researchers find out about HeH+? A. It becomes less effective at a lower temperature. B. Temperature has little effect on its reaction rates. C. Temperature is the key factor to its steady reaction. D. It can interact with deuterium faster than hydrogen. 14. What can be inferred from last paragraph? A. The previous theories have been proven wrong. B. Holger Kreckel confirms the previous theories. C. The value of HeH+ reactions may be underestimated. D. The new experiment is criticized by Holger Kreckel. 15. What the main idea of this passage? A. First stars arise from deuterium. B. Hydrogen dominates the early Universe. C. Temperature influences the rate of HeH+ reactions. D. HeH+ reactions prove crucial to Universe formation. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 My volunteer journey began during a summer break when I decided to join a local organization that focused on supporting underprivileged (贫苦的) children. Initially, I viewed it as a way to spend my free time contributing to a good cause. ____16____ At first, I was shocked by the challenges these children faced — poverty, lack of education, and emotional pain. ____17____ However, as I spent more time with them, I started to understand their resilience (适应力) and strength, which inspired me to give my best effort. That marked the beginning of a deep and lasting connection. ____18____ One such instance occurred when I was helping a young girl, Maria, with her homework. She struggled with math and was often discouraged. After weeks of working together, I saw a breakthrough as I taught a difficult concept. The joy in her eyes was indescribable. It was then that I realized the power of patience and support in making a visible difference. ____19____ I was responsible for coordinating (协调) a group of volunteers, which taught me leadership and teamwork skills. The success not only lifted the children but also reinforced my belief in the importance of joint effort. Those moments shaped my approach to volunteering and motivated me to seek more opportunities to serve. The volunteer experience did more than provide valuable skills — it shifted my priorities and life goals. Before that, I had been focused on academic success and individual accomplishments. ____20____ I developed a passion for social work and community service, and I now try to integrate these into my future career. A. Despite my intentions, I felt unprepared to help truly. B. Facing unexpected challenges helped me become more resourceful. C. However, the experience taught me that there is more to life than those. D. Another memorable moment was during a community event we organized. E. Several critical moments made my volunteer experience truly life-changing. F. The stories demonstrated the impact volunteering can have on individual growth. G. Little did I know that the experience would significantly change my outlook on life. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 When I was fourteen, my brother Barney and I set out to climb The Tooth with our uncle, Tom Campbell. Tom was a (n) ____21____ mountaineer, who taught us the basics on climbing. That morning, we hiked through an ancient forest, ____22____ northwestwards. Leaping from one rock to the next, we gradually arrived at the destination. Directly ahead was a wall of rock. Tom ____23____ over a gap to the rock face, climbed up a while, and found a good position where he could use holds to support the next climber. He ____24____ the rope firmly between himself and Barney, yelling, “Climb!” Barney looked to his left with a slight ____25____ , and then he moved slowly and cautiously forward. I watched his moves carefully, so I could use the same ____26____ he used. But I was ____27____ , wondering what was taking him so long. Finally, it was my ____28____ . I stepped up to the gap edge and began to move to the cliff. ____29____ , when I glanced down, I was absolutely terrified. The cliff dropped off ____30____ for what looked like a thousand feet. Then my legs began to shake. “Come on.” They encouraged. ____31____ , I made an attempt to cross the gap, struggling to ____32____ the pull of the abyss (深渊) below. When I finally reached them, my mouth was as dry as a desert. Enjoying a good view at the top of the mountain, I felt proud that I had ____33____ my fear. Once fear ____34____ courage, those who have reached the summit will find the ____35____ that exists as long as life lasts. 21. A. determined B. adventurous C. experienced D. fearless 22. A. heading B. driving C. wandering D. searching 23. A. descended B. jumped C. climbed D. hung 24. A. grasped B. folded C. tore D. fastened 25. A. distraction B. hesitation C. relief D. thrill 26. A. rocks B. ropes C. holds D. shoes 27. A. frightened B. impatient C. annoyed D. delighted 28. A. turn B. honor C. chance D. problem 29. A. Moreover B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. However 30. A. smoothly B. sharply C. steadily D. unexpectedly 31. A. Immediately B. Consistently C. Consequently D. Eventually 32. A. admire B. handle C. resist D. adjust 33. A. overcome B. accepted C. hidden D. expressed 34. A. takes control of B. builds up to C. gives way to D. paves the way for 35. A. character B. blessing C. emotion D. strength 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Since its creation in the 12th century, A Thousand Miles of Rivers and Mountains ___36___ (recognize) as a masterpiece of traditional Chinese painting. But perhaps just as stunning as the work itself is the fact ___37___ it was created by Wang Ximeng (1096-1119) from the Northern Song Dynasty. In this famous landscape scroll (画卷), Wang used bright blues and greens on a dark ochre background, a style typical ___38___ Green and Blue Landscape painting that first appeared during the-Tang Dynasty. There were various dry brush techniques, ___39___ (particular) the ax-cut texture stroke (斧劈皴) and the hemp fiber texture stroke (长披麻皴), ___40___ (adopt) to depict layers of rolling mountains and vast rivers in three-dimensional ___41___ (form). In this manner, the artist demonstrated Chinese people’s love for life and amazed the whole world with aesthetic pleasure. Stretching nearly 12 meters long, Wang’s masterpiece is ___42___ (possible) to take in all at once. According to Chinese scholars, long landscape paintings of this sort should be “read” from right to left. When ___43___ (handle) such scrolls, people should unroll and study them one section at ___44___ time. It is also advised to review the images from left to right when the scroll is rerolled. This only surviving work by Wang Ximeng is today in the ____45____ (collect) of the Palace Museum in Beijing, where it is admired by tourists and paint lovers from around the world every day. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，学校国际部计划制作“中国社交礼仪文化手册”，现邀请你为该手册撰写一篇短文，向外国留学生介绍中国社交礼仪。 要点：1. 介绍常用的社交礼仪（如待客之道、礼尚往来等）； 2. 简要阐述其内涵。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Ethan Carter works as an experienced pilot for an air service company. One day he and his wife Clara Bennett were heading home from the Nashville airport after she earned her helicopter’s pilot license when he received an emergency call from a stranger in Pennsylvania. The caller told Ethan that her daughter was trapped on a roof near a gas station in Waverly, 60 miles from Nashville. She was surrounded by rising floodwaters caused by August’s record- shattering rains and didn’t think she would survive. Desperate, the caller had Googled “Nashville helicopters,” and Ethan’s company, Helistar Aviation, was the first to appear. She begged, Could Ethan please, please rescue her beloved daughter? She added that her daughter Mia was only nine! She wore a red sweater. Ethan, 41, looked west toward Waverly and saw the storm clouds. “Madam,” he said. “No one will fly in this weather, and for good reason.” But even before he finished the sentence, Ethan knew he would go back up. “I’ve got a daughter myself,” Ethan comforted the desperate mother, “I will try my best.” He put the girl’s address into his phone, then he and Clara drove back to the airport. Soon, they were in the air, unprepared for what they were about to see in Waverly. As soon as Ethan suddenly emerged over the hilltop, it was nothing but angry water below. There were two houses on fire. Cars in trees. Tons of debris. People were clinging to anything that didn’t move — roofs, trees, poles. The flooding also made cell phone service stop working. That meant Ethan couldn’t use his phone to find the exact location of the house he was looking for. He flew on anyway. Maybe he’d get lucky. Outside the helicopter, rain hit the windscreen as he flew, which made everything hard to see. Below, streets had turned into fast-moving water, swallowing cars and trees. For twenty painful minutes, he circled the flooded town, the searchlight cutting through the darkness. Suddenly, on the roof near a half-flooded gas station, a girl in red came into his eyes. It must be Mia. 注意：续写词数应为150左右。 Paragraph 1: Carter began to fly as close as possible to Mia. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Finally Mia was safely delivered to her mother. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 重庆市第十一中学校教育集团高2026届高三第四次质量检测 英语试题 2025.11 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What was the problem with the coffee last time? A. It was too expensive. B. It wasn’t sweet enough. C. It was the wrong temperature. 2. What is the answer of the last puzzle? A A door handle. B. A keyboard. C. A clock. 3. What does the woman probably like most about this book? A. The long history. B. The unique characters. C. The effect on her feelings. 4. What mainly went wrong? A. The man forgot about the meeting. B. The speakers went to different locations. C. The woman misunderstood the appointment time. 5. How does the woman probably feel now? A. Concerned. B. Impressed. C. Hungry. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答第6、7题。 6. How often do the speakers normally see each other? A. Every month. B. Every two weeks. C. Every week. 7. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A haircut. B. A medical check. C. An after-school lesson. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. When is the conversation probably taking place? A. Autumn. B. Winter. C. Spring. 9. What did the man say was most important? A. Practicing turning. B. Staying low. C. Keeping balance. 听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。 10. Where are the speakers? A. At a café. B. At a store. C. At a news stand. 11. What does the man introduce first about the flight? A. The requirements of the pilots. B. The plane’s technology. C. The flight path. 12 What surprised the man most about this journey? A. How long it took. B. How small the plane was. C. How many pilots were involved. 13. What does the woman think of the plane? A. It is ready for business. B. It needs more development. C. It relies too much on fuel. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What’s the relationship between the speakers? A. Strangers. B. Fellow volunteers. C. Neighbors. 15. Who actually helps the group keep running? A. Large store owners. B. Individual donors. C. School leaders. 16. What is the group’s main goal? A. Teaching children how to read. B. Encouraging people to exchange books. C. Offering books to areas without library access. 17. What did the man probably hand to the woman? A. A map. B. A brochure. C. A book. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Which is the subject of the class? A. Science. B. History. C. Art. 19. What is the speaker trying to do? A. Emphasize class rules. B. Know about the children. C. Develop the children’s interest. 20. What are the listeners expected to do next? A. Raise questions. B. Give their answers. C. Write down notes. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A You might think you’re in control of your schedule, but your body evolved to follow a natural rhythm. Sticking closer to that routine can help keep you in tiptop shape. Drink coffee Drinking caffeine is best done early in the day. Drank later, it can reset your body’s clock and prevent sleep. If you’re sure you can take a short of espresso (浓缩咖啡) at 8 p. m. and be snoring by 10 p. m. , try skipping the caffeine for a few weeks to see what a night of truly good rest feels like. Sleep Around 8 or 9 p. m. , our bodies start to cool down, and we sleep better when we have a low core body temperature. But how much shut-eye is ideal? Studies show that those who get six and a half to eight hours are less likely to die prematurely. Eight hours seems to be perfect. Exercise Some people swear by early-morning jogs. But muscle tone is highest around 5 p. m. . Even pros get a boost: West Coast NFL teams won more often and by a higher margin in matches after 8 p. m. on the East Coast. Still on Pacific time, their bodies were ready to play. Do math Scientists think we reach maximum alertness between 10 a. m. and 2 p. m. , with a peak around noon. For the first few hours after we wake, organs with more basic functions take priority. Once they’re booted up, our brains have a chance to use or keep some more energy. Be creative The evolution of language, religion, and philosophy all started with late-night talks and research suggests there is still a different cast to our nocturnal meditations. So save that story you’ve been meaning to write for a dark and restless night. 1. What does the author suggest people who drink coffee late in the day do? A. Kick their habit and go to bed early. B. Skip the coffee and see how they-sleep. C. Stick to their habit to have a sound sleep. D. Go to bed two hours after drinking coffee. 2. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A. A higher body temperature promotes better sleep. B. Do math tasks near night for maximum alertness. C. The duration of sleep can affect the length of life. D. Afternoon exercise outperforms morning workouts. 3. What is probably the best time for a writer to write inspiring stories? A. 8 a.m. B. 10 a.m. C. 5 p.m. D. 11 p.m. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了人体存在自然节律，围绕喝咖啡、睡眠、运动、做数学题、发挥创造力等方面，给出了贴合该节律的最佳时间建议。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Drink coffee中的“If you’re sure you can take a shot of espresso at 8 p.m. and be snoring by 10 p.m., try skipping the caffeine for a few weeks to see what a night of truly good rest feels like.(如果你确定自己能在晚上8点喝一杯浓缩咖啡，10点前就打鼾入睡，不妨试着几周不摄入咖啡因，看看一晚真正优质的睡眠是什么感觉。)”可知，作者建议晚上喝咖啡的人暂停摄入咖啡因，体验优质睡眠。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Sleep中的“Studies show that those who get six and a half to eight hours are less likely to die prematurely.(研究表明，那些每天睡6.5到8小时的人过早死亡的可能性更小。)”可知，睡眠时间会影响寿命长短。故选C项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据Be creative中的“The evolution of language, religion, and philosophy all started with late-night talks and research suggests there is still a different cast to our nocturnal meditations. So save that story you’ve been meaning to write for a dark and restless night.(语言、宗教和哲学的演变都始于深夜的交谈，研究表明，我们的夜间沉思仍有其独特之处。所以，把你一直想写的故事留到一个漆黑难眠的夜晚吧。)”可知，深夜是发挥创造力的最佳时间。故选D项。 B Chemist Omar M. Yaghi has been awarded the 2025 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, sharing it with Richard Robson and Susumu Kitagawa. They were recognized for their discovery of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) . From a small room above his — father’s butcher shop to the world stage of science, Yaghi’s journey is as remarkable as his discovery. For Yaghi, a poor child, the path to education was far from easy. Born in 1965 to a refugee family in Amman, Jordan, Yaghi grew up in a “humble home.” “A dozen of us shared it with the cattle we raised,” he recalled. They had no electricity and very little clean water. After school, he had to help his father run the family shop. At 15, his father told him that he must go to the U. S. to study. Before finishing high school, he moved alone to Troy, New York. With little English, Yaghi had to take English courses at a community college while supporting himself by bagging groceries and mopping floors. Despite all these hardships, he managed to graduate in 1985 with a bachelor’s degree in chemistry. “I was in love with chemistry from the very beginning” Yaghi once said. That passion led him to earn a Ph. D. at the University of Illinois in 1990, followed by a postdoctoral fellowship at Harvard. Over the years, he flourished in academia and came to be known as the “father of MOFs.” His influence was immense — between 2000 and 2010, he ranked as the world’s second most-cited chemist. Honors followed, and he was elected to several of. the most respected and admired scientific academies at home and abroad. Beyond research, Yaghi has devoted himself to supporting young researchers in developing countries. He founded the Berkeley Global Science Institute to promote “science without borders.” With research centers across Asia and the Middle East, the institute encourages local scholars to join global scientific work early in their careers. Reflecting on his journey, Yaghi said, “Science is the greatest equalizing force in the world.” His parents had little formal education, but the pursuit of science completely transformed his life, which is a testament to the power of the universal language of science. 4. Why does the author mention Yaghi’s early life? A. To describe his humble childhood. B. To stress his tough path to success. C. To show his early passion for chemistry. D. To explain his family’s refugee background. 5. What can be inferred from the underlined sentence? A. Science can empower people beyond their origins. B. Science can thoroughly reduce race discrimination. C. Science is a primary driver of technological progress. D. Science is the only way to overcome social inequality. 6. According to the passage, what kind of person is Omar Yaghi? A. Humble and insecure. B. Selfless and know-it-all. C. Ambitious and committed. D. Imaginative and big-headed. 7. What’s the best title of this passage? A. The Global Impact of MOFs Research. B. The Remarkable Achievements of a Chemist. C. The Discovery of Metal-Organic Frameworks. D. The Journey from Refugee to the Nobel Prize. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了诺贝尔化学奖得主奥马尔·M·亚吉从难民家庭出身，历经艰辛求学，在化学领域取得卓越成就，且致力于支持发展中国家青年研究者的非凡历程。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Despite all these hardships, he managed to graduate in 1985 with a bachelor’s degree in chemistry. (尽管历经这些艰辛，他仍于 1985 年顺利毕业，获得了化学学士学位。)”以及作者详细描述亚吉早年的贫困、难民背景、求学的艰辛及打工谋生的经历可知，作者提到这些经历是为了凸显他通往成功之路的艰难。故选B项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Reflecting on his journey, Yaghi said, “Science is the greatest equalizing force in the world.” His parents had little formal education, but the pursuit of science completely transformed his life, which is a testament to the power of the universal language of science.(回顾自己的历程，亚吉说：“科学是世界上最强大的平等力量。”他的父母几乎没有接受过正规教育，但对科学的追求彻底改变了他的人生，这正是科学这一通用语言力量的证明。)”可知，亚吉出身难民家庭，家境贫寒，但通过科学研究取得了世界级成就，改变了自身命运，因此画线句暗示“科学能赋予人们超越出身的力量”。故选A项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“That passion led him to earn a Ph.D. at the University of Illinois in 1990, followed by a postdoctoral fellowship at Harvard. Over the years, he flourished in academia and came to be known as the “father of MOFs.”(这份热情促使他于1990年在伊利诺伊大学获得博士学位，随后在哈佛大学获得博士后奖学金。多年来，他在学术界大放异彩，被誉为“金属有机框架之父”。)”可知，亚吉对化学充满热情，追求学术成就，体现了他的“雄心壮志”；根据第四段中的“Beyond research, Yaghi has devoted himself to supporting young researchers in developing countries. He founded the Berkeley Global Science Institute to promote “science without borders.”(除了研究，亚吉还致力于支持发展中国家的青年研究者。他创办了伯克利全球科学研究所，倡导“无国界科学”。)”可知，他投身于支持发展中国家科研事业，体现了他的“有担当”。故选C项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“From a small room above his father’s butcher shop to the world stage of science, Yaghi’s journey is as remarkable as his discovery.(从父亲肉铺楼上的小房间到世界科学舞台，亚吉的历程与其发现一样非凡。)”和最后一段中的“His parents had little formal education, but the pursuit of science completely transformed his life.(他的父母几乎没有接受过正规教育，但对科学的追求彻底改变了他的人生。)”可知，文章核心围绕亚吉从难民家庭出身，历经艰辛最终获得诺贝尔化学奖的人生旅程展开，标题“从难民到诺贝尔奖的蜕变之路”概括了本文主题，适合作为最佳标题。故选D项。 C Labubu dolls first hit the market in 2019, but in 2025 they are sustaining a viral moment. Their explosion of popularity can be traced to celebrities owning them. Bieber was photographed with one of the miniatures dangling from a luxury handbag last year. Other celebrities, such as David Beckham, followed suit. Then everyone was in on it. What’s the aesthetic appeal? Subjective! The dolls are the creation of artist Kasing Lung. He was inspired by Norse mythology (北欧神话) when creating his “Monsters” characters for a series of picture books in 2015, of which Labubu is but one. The dolls’ cute fluffy ears are quite a contrast to their sharp-looking teeth. You can dress them yourself, or accessories (配件) are available for purchase. The doll speaks to a global online aesthetic, but that’s not the whole story. Pop Mart has also used a set of mixed marketing strategies that have helped it gain fame. The first trick involves distributing products in limited quantities. The company releases waves of variations, some in very limited numbers. The company releases waves of variations, some in very limited numbers, and then cuts them off — creating hype around new releases. Add to this, Labubu dolls are mostly sold in “blind boxes.” At the time of purchase, you don’t know which model you’ll acquire. There’s a lottery element of possibly acquiring a rare doll with a higher potential resale value than others. No wonder the Pop Mart spokesperson was able to claim: “This isn’t just about’ toys’ but about a collectibles-centered pop-culture movement.” More importantly, this “movement” is targeted not at children but at adults. The queues, the celebrity promotion, and the online fans exist in a grown-up consumer conversation. Men’s fashion magazine GQ has already run an article about the doll as a popular accessory in the growing market for men’s luxury handbags. Trends with this level of popularity are rooted in a cultural context. Fads catch on because they bring together social anxieties, technological shifts, and shared desires that we may struggle to explain but instantly find familiar. In this sense, the doll becomes a symbol of shared self-reflection. Like adult coloring books, video games, and Lego sets, Labubu dolls offer an escape into an echo of childhood simplicity. This pulls adults away from the complexities that presently overwhelm them. The doll also carries symbolic weight in consumer culture, In a society where ownership defines us and homes are already full, a doll on a handbag still feels special. Its limited availability also gives a sense of rarity in a world of mass production. And if we’re getting up at 3 a. m. to queue for them, one thing is certain. We are the Labubu. And the Labubu is us. 8. What makes Labubu dolls go viral? A. Limited distribution and their high quality. B. Their unique design inspired by mythology. C. celebrity promotion and clever marketing. D. The common desire for unique accessories. 9. What does the underline word “hype” mean in Para. 3? A. A period of low sales. B. Widespread discussions. C. Lack of purchase options. D. Strong criticism and doubt. 10. Why are Labubu dolls mostly sold in “blind boxes”? A. To stimulate collectors’ interest to collect. B. To reduce production and packaging costs. C. To make them more appealing to children. D. To ensure every customer gets a rare doll. 11. What does the writer think of Labubu dolls? A. They are toys available for all age groups. B. They change the personality traits of people. C. They offer psychological comfort and escape. D. They have educational value from Nordic myths. 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Labubu玩偶因名人推广和巧妙营销而爆火。文章分析了其吸引力的原因。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。文章第一段提到“Their explosion of popularity can be traced to celebrities owning them. Bieber was photographed with one of the miniatures dangling from a luxury handbag last year. Other celebrities, such as David Beckham, followed suit. Then everyone was in on it. (它们的大受欢迎可以追溯到名人拥有它们。去年，比伯被拍到其中一个玩偶挂在一个豪华手提包上。其他名人，如大卫·贝克汉姆，也纷纷效仿。然后每个人都参与进来了。)”可知，名人的推广起到了作用。第三段提到“Pop Mart has also used a set of mixed marketing strategies that have helped it gain fame. (泡泡玛特还使用了一套混合营销策略，帮助它获得了知名度。)”可知，巧妙的营销策略也起到了作用。所以让Labubu玩偶走红的是名人推广和巧妙的营销，故选C。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“The company releases waves of variations, some in very limited numbers, and then cuts them off — creating hype around new releases.(公司推出一波又一波的变体，有些数量非常有限，然后停止生产——为新产品发布制造……)”可知，公司限量发行产品，停止生产后，人们会对新产品有更多的关注和讨论，所以“hype”意思是“广泛的讨论”，B选项“Widespread discussions.(广泛的讨论)”与划线词意思相近。故选B。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Add to this, Labubu dolls are mostly sold in ‘blind boxes.’ At the time of purchase, you don’t know which model you’ll acquire. There’s a lottery element of possibly acquiring a rare doll with a higher potential resale value than others. No wonder the Pop Mart spokesperson was able to claim: ‘This isn’t just about toys but about a collectibles-centered pop-culture movement.’(此外，Labubu玩偶大多以“盲盒”的形式出售。在购买时，你不知道你会得到哪个型号。有可能买到一个比其他玩偶潜在转售价值更高的稀有玩偶，这有一种抽奖的元素。难怪泡泡玛特的发言人能够宣称：“这不仅仅是关于玩具，而是关于以收藏品为中心的流行文化运动。”)”可知，盲盒有抽奖元素，有可能买到稀有玩偶，这能刺激收藏者的收藏兴趣。故选A。 11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段“Like adult coloring books, video games, and Lego sets, Labubu dolls offer an escape into an echo of childhood simplicity. This pulls adults away from the complexities that presently overwhelm them. (就像成人涂色书、电子游戏和乐高积木一样，Labubu玩偶提供了一种逃离到童年简单生活的途径。这让成年人远离了目前让他们不堪重负的复杂生活。)”以及第七段“The doll also carries symbolic weight in consumer culture, In a society where ownership defines us and homes are already full, a doll on a handbag still feels special. Its limited availability also gives a sense of rarity in a world of mass production. (玩偶在消费文化中也具有象征意义，在一个以拥有物品来定义我们且家里已经满满当当的社会里，手提包上的一个玩偶仍然感觉很特别。它的限量供应在大量生产的世界中也给人一种稀有的感觉。)”可以推断出，作者认为Labubu玩偶给成年人提供了心理上的安慰和逃避现实的方式。故选C。 D The first chemical reactions in the wake of the Big Bang have been reproduced for the first time in conditions similar to those in the baby Universe. A team of physicists from the Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics in Germany has remade the reactions of HeH+, a molecule (分子) made from a helium atom (氦原子) mixing with an hydrogen atom, which explains some of the earliest processes that gave rise to the Universe as we know it today. Some 13. 8 billion years ago, the birth pain of the Universe produced a hot soup of fundamental particles (粒子). It took about 380,000 years for atoms to concentrate into the very first elements, about 75 percent of which were hydrogen. Hydrogen continues to dominate the Universe’s ingredient list today. None of that, however, could happen without HeH+, a molecule that scientists believe played a huge role in cooling the Universe enough so that the molecular clouds could form the seeds of baby stars. HeH+ paved the way for the formation of the first stars. The researchers carefully studied interactions between HeH+ and a hydrogen atom with one extra neutron (中子) in it, known as deuterium (氘) . They changed the temperature to see if temperature played a role in the reaction rate. It did not. The rate at which the reaction took place remained steady, regardless of the temperature — suggesting that the role HeH+ played in the early Universe did not decline as cooling unfolded, and that its role in the formation of the first generation of stars was a significant one. “Previous theories predicted a significant decrease in the reaction probability at low temperatures, but we were unable to prove this,” physicist Holger Kreckel explains. “The reactions of HeH+ with neutral hydrogen and deuterium therefore appear to have been far more important for chemistry in the early Universe than previously assumed.” 12. What role might HeH+ play in the early Universe? A. Cooling baby stars. B. mixing a soup of atoms. C. Lowering the temperature. D. Forming earliest deuterium. 13. What did the researchers find out about HeH+? A. It becomes less effective at a lower temperature. B. Temperature has little effect on its reaction rates. C. Temperature is the key factor to its steady reaction. D. It can interact with deuterium faster than hydrogen. 14. What can be inferred from last paragraph? A. The previous theories have been proven wrong. B. Holger Kreckel confirms the previous theories. C. The value of HeH+ reactions may be underestimated. D. The new experiment is criticized by Holger Kreckel. 15. What the main idea of this passage? A. First stars arise from deuterium. B. Hydrogen dominates the early Universe. C. Temperature influences the rate of HeH+ reactions. D. HeH+ reactions prove crucial to Universe formation. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了德国物理学家团队首次在模拟早期宇宙的环境中重现大爆炸后的首个化学反应，聚焦，氦合氢离子（HeH⁺）的作用，阐述其对早期宇宙冷却及第一代恒星形成的关键意义，以及相关实验发现。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“None of that, however, could happen without HeH+, a molecule that scientists believe played a huge role in cooling the Universe enough so that the molecular clouds could form the seeds of baby stars. HeH+ paved the way for the formation of the first stars.(然而，如果没有，氦合氢离子，这一切都不可能发生。科学家认为，这种分子在冷却宇宙的过程中发挥了关键作用，它使宇宙温度降至足够低，让分子云得以凝聚成恒星的原始种子。)”可知，氦合氢离子在早期宇宙中可能起到降低温度的作用。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“They changed the temperature to see if temperature played a role in the reaction rate. It did not. The rate at which the reaction took place remained steady, regardless of the temperature (他们改变温度，观察温度是否对反应速率有影响。结果发现没有影响。无论温度如何变化，反应速率都保持稳定)”可知，研究人员发现温度对氦合氢离子的反应速率几乎没有影响。故选B。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段““Previous theories predicted a significant decrease in the reaction probability at low temperatures, but we were unable to prove this,” physicist Holger Kreckel explains. “The reactions of HeH+ with neutral hydrogen and deuterium therefore appear to have been far more important for chemistry in the early Universe than previously assumed.” (“先前的理论预测，在低温环境下该反应的概率会显著下降，但我们未能证实这一点。” 物理学家霍尔格・克雷克尔解释道，“因此，氦合氢离子与中性氢及氘的反应，对于早期宇宙化学演化的重要性，似乎远比此前假设的要高得多。”)”可知，氦合氢离子反应的价值可能被低估了。故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。文章开篇介绍科学家重现大爆炸后的首个化学反应，核心围绕氦合氢离子展开，后文依次阐述其使宇宙冷却、为恒星形成铺路的关键作用，以及实验证实其反应速率不受温度影响、重要性被低估等内容，整体核心是氦合氢离子反应对宇宙形成至关重要。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 My volunteer journey began during a summer break when I decided to join a local organization that focused on supporting underprivileged (贫苦的) children. Initially, I viewed it as a way to spend my free time contributing to a good cause. ____16____ At first, I was shocked by the challenges these children faced — poverty, lack of education, and emotional pain. ____17____ However, as I spent more time with them, I started to understand their resilience (适应力) and strength, which inspired me to give my best effort. That marked the beginning of a deep and lasting connection. ____18____ One such instance occurred when I was helping a young girl, Maria, with her homework. She struggled with math and was often discouraged. After weeks of working together, I saw a breakthrough as I taught a difficult concept. The joy in her eyes was indescribable. It was then that I realized the power of patience and support in making a visible difference. ____19____ I was responsible for coordinating (协调) a group of volunteers, which taught me leadership and teamwork skills. The success not only lifted the children but also reinforced my belief in the importance of joint effort. Those moments shaped my approach to volunteering and motivated me to seek more opportunities to serve. The volunteer experience did more than provide valuable skills — it shifted my priorities and life goals. Before that, I had been focused on academic success and individual accomplishments. ____20____ I developed a passion for social work and community service, and I now try to integrate these into my future career. A. Despite my intentions, I felt unprepared to help truly. B. Facing unexpected challenges helped me become more resourceful. C. However, the experience taught me that there is more to life than those. D. Another memorable moment was during a community event we organized. E. Several critical moments made my volunteer experience truly life-changing. F. The stories demonstrated the impact volunteering can have on individual growth. G. Little did I know that the experience would significantly change my outlook on life. 【答案】16. G 17. A 18. E 19. D 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了作者从事志愿活动的经历和感悟。 【16题详解】 上文“Initially, I viewed it as a way to spend my free time contributing to a good cause.(起初，我把它看作是一种利用空闲时间为公益事业做贡献的方式)”表明作者最初对志愿者工作的简单认知，下文需要体现态度或认知的转变。选项G“我当时根本不知道这段经历会极大地改变我的人生观。”符合语境，“改变人生观”为后文讲述志愿经历的影响埋下伏笔。故选G。 【17题详解】 上文“At first, I was shocked by the challenges these children faced — poverty, lack of education, and emotional pain.(起初，我对这些孩子面临的挑战感到震惊 —— 贫困、缺乏教育和情感痛苦)”描述作者初遇孩子时的震惊，下文“However”表转折，强调后来的积极转变，因此空格处需体现作者最初的无力感，与后文形成对比。选项A“尽管我有这样的想法，但我确实觉得自己没有准备好去帮助他们。”符合语境。故选A。 【18题详解】 下文“One such instance occurred when I was helping a young girl, Maria, with her homework.(有这样一个例子，当时我正在帮一个名叫玛丽亚的小女孩辅导作业)”以“One such instance(一个这样的例子)”开头，说明上文需提及“多个关键事例”，引出具体例子。选项E“几个关键时刻让我的志愿者经历真正改变了我的人生。”符合语境，总起“关键时刻的影响”，下文通过辅导玛丽亚的具体例子展开。故选E。 【19题详解】 上文“It was then that I realized the power of patience and support in making a visible difference.(就在那时，我意识到耐心和支持在产生明显影响方面的力量)”讲述辅导玛丽亚的事例及感悟，下文 “I was responsible for coordinating (协调) a group of volunteers, which taught me leadership and teamwork skills.(我负责协调一组志愿者，这教会了我领导能力和团队合作能力)”提到自己学会领导能力和团队合作能力的，说明空格处需过渡到另一个具体事例，形成“一个事例+另一个事例”的并列结构。选项D“另一个难忘的时刻是在我们组织的一次社区活动中。”符合语境，衔接流畅。故选D。 【20题详解】 上文“Before that, I had been focused on academic success and individual accomplishments.(在此之前，我一直专注于学业成功和个人成就)”描述作者之前的生活重心，结合上文提到志愿经历 改变了作者的优先级和人生目标可知，空格处需体现“现在的认知与之前不同”，形成对比。选项C“然而，这段经历让我明白生活中除了这些还有更多重要的东西。”符合语境，“more to life than those(生活不止这些)”体现认知转变，与下文“developed a passion for social work(对社会工作产生热情）形成逻辑递进。故选C。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 When I was fourteen, my brother Barney and I set out to climb The Tooth with our uncle, Tom Campbell. Tom was a (n) ____21____ mountaineer, who taught us the basics on climbing. That morning, we hiked through an ancient forest, ____22____ northwestwards. Leaping from one rock to the next, we gradually arrived at the destination. Directly ahead was a wall of rock. Tom ____23____ over a gap to the rock face, climbed up a while, and found a good position where he could use holds to support the next climber. He ____24____ the rope firmly between himself and Barney, yelling, “Climb!” Barney looked to his left with a slight ____25____ , and then he moved slowly and cautiously forward. I watched his moves carefully, so I could use the same ____26____ he used. But I was ____27____ , wondering what was taking him so long. Finally, it was my ____28____ . I stepped up to the gap edge and began to move to the cliff. ____29____ , when I glanced down, I was absolutely terrified. The cliff dropped off ____30____ for what looked like a thousand feet. Then my legs began to shake. “Come on.” They encouraged. ____31____ , I made an attempt to cross the gap, struggling to ____32____ the pull of the abyss (深渊) below. When I finally reached them, my mouth was as dry as a desert. Enjoying a good view at the top of the mountain, I felt proud that I had ____33____ my fear. Once fear ____34____ courage, those who have reached the summit will find the ____35____ that exists as long as life lasts. 21. A. determined B. adventurous C. experienced D. fearless 22. A. heading B. driving C. wandering D. searching 23. A. descended B. jumped C. climbed D. hung 24. A. grasped B. folded C. tore D. fastened 25. A. distraction B. hesitation C. relief D. thrill 26. A. rocks B. ropes C. holds D. shoes 27. A. frightened B. impatient C. annoyed D. delighted 28. A. turn B. honor C. chance D. problem 29. A. Moreover B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. However 30. A. smoothly B. sharply C. steadily D. unexpectedly 31. A. Immediately B. Consistently C. Consequently D. Eventually 32. A. admire B. handle C. resist D. adjust 33. A. overcome B. accepted C. hidden D. expressed 34. A. takes control of B. builds up to C. gives way to D. paves the way for 35. A. character B. blessing C. emotion D. strength 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者 14 岁时和哥哥、经验丰富的叔叔一起攀登The Tooth的经历，在攀爬过程中作者克服了对悬崖的极度恐惧，最终登上山顶。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：汤姆是一位经验丰富的登山者，他教了我们一些登山的基础知识。A. determined 坚定的；B. adventurous 爱冒险的；C. experienced 有经验的；D. fearless 无畏的。根据后文“who taught us the basics on climbing”，能传授登山基础知识的人必然具备丰富的登山经验，“experienced”符合语境。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天早上，我们徒步穿过一片古老的森林，向西北方向行进。A. heading 朝着；B. driving 驾驶；C. wandering 漫步；D. searching 搜寻。结合“hiked through an ancient forest”和“northwestwards”，此处描述的是徒步前行的方向，“heading”有“朝…… 行进”的含义，符合徒步登山的场景。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：汤姆跳过一道缺口，来到岩壁前，向上爬了一会儿，找到了一个好位置，在那里他可以借助支撑点来辅助下一个攀岩者。A. descended 下降；B. jumped 跳跃；C. climbed 攀爬；D. hung 悬挂。根据后文“over a gap to the rock face”，要抵达对面的岩壁，需要跳过缺口，“jump over”为固定搭配，意为“跳过”，契合登山时跨越障碍的动作。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把绳子牢牢地系在自己和巴尼之间，大喊：“爬！”A. grasped 抓住；B. folded 折叠；C. tore 撕开；D. fastened 系紧。根据后文“the rope firmly between himself and Barney”和常识可知在登山场景中，为保障攀爬者安全，需将绳子牢固连接在两人之间，“fastened”强调“系紧、固定”，符合安全防护的动作逻辑。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：巴尼略带犹豫地看向左边，然后缓慢而谨慎地向前移动。A. distraction 分心；B. hesitation 犹豫；C. relief 缓解；D. thrill 激动。根据后文“moved slowly and cautiously forward”可知，巴尼攀爬时动作谨慎缓慢，这种状态的前提是内心存在轻微的犹豫，“hesitation”符合语境。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我仔细观察他的动作，这样我就能用他用过的支撑点。A. rocks 岩石；B. ropes 绳子；C. holds 支撑点；D. shoes 鞋子。前文提到汤姆“found a good position where he could use holds to support the next climber”，说明攀岩需借助支撑点发力，作者观察巴尼的动作正是为了借鉴其使用的支撑点，“holds”与前文呼应。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我很不耐烦，想知道他怎么花了这么长时间。A. frightened 害怕的；B. impatient 不耐烦的；C. annoyed 恼怒的；D. delighted 高兴的。根据后文“wondering what was taking him so long”，作者因巴尼攀爬耗时久而心生焦躁，“impatient”准确体现了这种急于尝试的不耐烦情绪。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：终于轮到我了。A. turn 轮次；B. honor 荣誉；C. chance 机会；D. problem 问题。前文描述巴尼在攀爬，结合后文“I stepped up to the gap edge”，可知此时作者迎来了自己攀爬的轮次，“it’s one’s turn”为固定表达，意为“轮到某人”。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我往下看时，我吓得魂飞魄散。A. Moreover 此外；B. Otherwise 否则；C. Therefore 因此；D. However 然而。前文作者还在等待并观察巴尼的动作，后文提及低头看到悬崖后极度恐惧，前后语义形成转折，“However”用于体现这种转折关系。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：悬崖陡峭地向下延伸，看起来有一千英尺深。A. smoothly 平稳地；B. sharply 急剧地，陡峭地；C. steadily 稳定地；D. unexpectedly 意外地。根据后文“for what looked like a thousand feet” 和作者 “absolutely terrified” 的反应，可推断悬崖是急剧、陡峭地向下延伸的，“sharply”突出了坡度的陡峭，契合恐惧产生的原因。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，我尝试着跨过缺口，努力抵抗下方深渊的吸引力。A. Immediately 立刻；B. Consistently 一贯地；C. Consequently 因此；D. Eventually 最终。结合前文 “my legs began to shake” 和他人的鼓励，作者从恐惧到鼓起勇气尝试跨越，经历了心理挣扎，“Eventually”体现了这一过程的最终结果。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我尝试着跨过缺口，努力抵抗下方深渊的吸引力。A. admire 钦佩；B. handle 处理；C. resist 抵抗；D. adjust 调整。根据后文“the pull of the abyss below”和常识可知深渊带来的恐惧感会让人产生退缩的本能，作者要完成攀爬，就必须抵抗这种本能的“吸引力”，“resist”符合其与恐惧对抗的状态。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在山顶欣赏着美丽的风景，我为自己克服了恐惧而感到自豪。A. overcome 克服；B. accepted 接受；C. hidden 隐藏；D. expressed 表达。根据前文“Enjoying a good view at the top of the mountain, I felt proud”及作者从最初的极度恐惧到成功登顶，核心是战胜了内心的恐惧，最后成功到达山顶，“overcome fear”为固定搭配，意为“克服恐惧”，契合“felt proud”的情感逻辑。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：一旦恐惧让位于勇气，那些登上顶峰的人就会找到一种伴随生命始终的力量。A. takes control of 控制；B. builds up to 逐渐发展到；C. gives way to 让位于；D. paves the way for 为……铺路。根据前文“Enjoying a good view at the top of the mountain, I felt proud that I had  13  my fear. ”和作者克服恐惧成功登顶，也就是恐惧被勇气取代后，他才成功登顶可知，“gives way to”体现了“恐惧被勇气替代”的逻辑，符合文章主旨。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一旦恐惧让位于勇气，那些登上顶峰的人就会找到一种伴随生命始终的力量。A. character 性格；B. blessing 祝福；C. emotion 情绪；D. strength 力量。根据前文“those who have reached the summit ”和作者克服恐惧的过程，本质是收获了面对困难的精神力量，这种力量会伴随人生，“strength”契合“战胜困难后获得成长” 的主题。故选D项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Since its creation in the 12th century, A Thousand Miles of Rivers and Mountains ___36___ (recognize) as a masterpiece of traditional Chinese painting. But perhaps just as stunning as the work itself is the fact ___37___ it was created by Wang Ximeng (1096-1119) from the Northern Song Dynasty. In this famous landscape scroll (画卷), Wang used bright blues and greens on a dark ochre background, a style typical ___38___ Green and Blue Landscape painting that first appeared during the-Tang Dynasty. There were various dry brush techniques, ___39___ (particular) the ax-cut texture stroke (斧劈皴) and the hemp fiber texture stroke (长披麻皴), ___40___ (adopt) to depict layers of rolling mountains and vast rivers in three-dimensional ___41___ (form). In this manner, the artist demonstrated Chinese people’s love for life and amazed the whole world with aesthetic pleasure. Stretching nearly 12 meters long, Wang’s masterpiece is ___42___ (possible) to take in all at once. According to Chinese scholars, long landscape paintings of this sort should be “read” from right to left. When ___43___ (handle) such scrolls, people should unroll and study them one section at ___44___ time. It is also advised to review the images from left to right when the scroll is rerolled. This only surviving work by Wang Ximeng is today in the ____45____ (collect) of the Palace Museum in Beijing, where it is admired by tourists and paint lovers from around the world every day. 【答案】36. has been recognized 37. that 38. of 39. particularly 40. adopted 41. forms 42. impossible 43. handling 44. a 45. collection 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了北宋画家王希孟的传世杰作《千里江山图》。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：自12世纪创作以来，《千里江山图》就被视为中国传统绘画的杰作。根据Since its creation in the 12th century可知，句子用现在完成时；主语A Thousand Miles of Rivers and Mountains与recognize之间是被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态。主语为单数，助动词用has。故填has been recognized。 【37题详解】 考查同位语从句。句意：但或许与画作本身同样令人惊叹的是，这幅画是由北宋画家王希孟（1096-1119）创作的。此处引导同位语从句，解释说明fact的具体内容，从句结构完整、意义明确，用that引导同位语从句。故填that。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：在这幅著名的山水长卷中，王希孟以深赭石色为底，运用鲜明的青绿色，这种风格是始于唐代的青绿山水画的典型风格。typical of是固定搭配，意为“是……的典型”。故填of。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：画作运用了多种干笔技法，尤其是斧劈皴和长披麻皴，这些技法被用来以立体的形式描绘层峦叠嶂和浩瀚江河。此处修饰整个句子，用副词形式，particular的副词是particularly（尤其，特别）。故填particularly。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：画作运用了多种干笔技法，尤其是斧劈皴和长披麻皴，这些技法被用来以立体的形式描绘层峦叠嶂和浩瀚江河。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语动词，techniques与adopt之间是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语。故填adopted。 【41题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：画作运用了多种干笔技法，尤其是斧劈皴和长披麻皴，这些技法被用来以立体的形式描绘层峦叠嶂和浩瀚江河。form是可数名词，根据语境可知，此处表示“多种立体形式”，用复数形式作宾语。故填forms。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：王希孟的这幅杰作长达近12米，不可能一次性看完。根据Stretching nearly 12 meters long可知，此处表示“不可能的”，用possible的反义词impossible，作表语。故填impossible。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当展卷观赏时，人们应该一段一段地展开品鉴。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语动词，people与handle之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填handling。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：当展卷观赏时，人们应该一段一段地展开品鉴。at a time是固定搭配，意为“一次，每次”。故填a。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：王希孟这唯一的传世之作现收藏于北京故宫博物院，每天都受到来自世界各地的游客和绘画爱好者的赞赏。根据空前的the可知，此处用名词形式，collect的名词是collection（收藏），in the collection of是固定搭配，意为“收藏于……”。故填collection。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，学校国际部计划制作“中国社交礼仪文化手册”，现邀请你为该手册撰写一篇短文，向外国留学生介绍中国社交礼仪。 要点：1. 介绍常用的社交礼仪（如待客之道、礼尚往来等）； 2. 简要阐述其内涵。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: In China, social etiquette reflects respect and harmony. When welcoming guests, hosts often greet them warmly at the door, offer tea, and serve food generously — even if the guest says they’re full. It’s common to refuse a gift politely once or twice before accepting it, as a sign of modesty. Another key custom is “reciprocity” (礼尚往来) — if someone gives you a gift or help, it’s polite to return the kindness later. These practices aren’t just formalities; they show care, build trust, and strengthen relationships. Understanding them helps foreigners connect more deeply with Chinese friends and culture. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生以李华的身份为学校国际部的“中国社交礼仪文化手册”撰写短文，向外国留学生介绍中国常用社交礼仪及其内涵，帮助留学生更好地理解和融入中国社交文化。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 反映：reflect → embody 拒绝：refuse → reject 谦逊：modesty → humility 联系：connect → bond 2. 句式拓展 合并句子 原句：These practices aren’t just formalities; they show care, build trust, and strengthen relationships. 拓展句：Not only are these practices formalities, but they also show care, build trust, and strengthen relationships. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It’s common to refuse a gift politely once or twice before accepting it, as a sign of modesty.（运用了“it作形式主语，不定式短语作真正主语”固定句型） 【高分句型2】When welcoming guests, hosts often greet them warmly at the door, offer tea, and serve food generously — even if the guest says they’re full.（运用了时间状语从句中的省略结构以及even if引导的让步状语从句和省略了连接词that的宾语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Ethan Carter works as an experienced pilot for an air service company. One day he and his wife Clara Bennett were heading home from the Nashville airport after she earned her helicopter’s pilot license when he received an emergency call from a stranger in Pennsylvania. The caller told Ethan that her daughter was trapped on a roof near a gas station in Waverly, 60 miles from Nashville. She was surrounded by rising floodwaters caused by August’s record- shattering rains and didn’t think she would survive. Desperate the caller had Googled “Nashville helicopters,” and Ethan’s company, Helistar Aviation, was the first to appear. She begged, Could Ethan please, please rescue her beloved daughter? She added that her daughter Mia was only nine! She wore a red sweater. Ethan, 41, looked west toward Waverly and saw the storm clouds. “Madam,” he said. “No one will fly in this weather, and for good reason.” But even before he finished the sentence, Ethan knew he would go back up. “I’ve got a daughter myself,” Ethan comforted the desperate mother, “I will try my best.” He put the girl’s address into his phone, then he and Clara drove back to the airport. Soon, they were in the air, unprepared for what they were about to see in Waverly. As soon as Ethan suddenly emerged over the hilltop, it was nothing but angry water below. There were two houses on fire. Cars in trees. Tons of debris. People were clinging to anything that didn’t move — roofs, trees, poles. The flooding also made cell phone service stop working. That meant Ethan couldn’t use his phone to find the exact location of the house he was looking for. He flew on anyway. Maybe he’d get lucky. Outside the helicopter, rain hit the windscreen as he flew, which made everything hard to see. Below, streets had turned into fast-moving water, swallowing cars and trees. For twenty painful minutes, he circled the flooded town, the searchlight cutting through the darkness. Suddenly, on the roof near a half-flooded gas station, a girl in red came into his eyes. It must be Mia. 注意：续写词数应为150左右。 Paragraph 1: Carter began to fly as close as possible to Mia. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Finally Mia was safely delivered to her mother. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1: Carter began to fly as close as possible to Mia. The wind tossed the helicopter violently, and rain blurred his vision. Clara yelled reminders about the rising water while Ethan maneuvered carefully. He lowered the rescue rope steadily, shouting to Mia to grab it tightly. The girl, trembling but brave, clutched the rope. Ethan pulled her up slowly, ensuring she didn’t hit the roof. Once Mia was inside, Clara wrapped her in a blanket and calmed her down, checking for injuries. Paragraph 2: Finally, Mia was safely delivered to her mother. When the helicopter landed near the temporary shelter, the mother rushed over, crying as she hugged Mia tightly. She kept bowing to Ethan and Clara, repeating “Thank you for saving my daughter’s life!” Ethan patted her shoulder gently, saying “Any parent would do the same.” Later, Mia told them she’d stayed on the roof by recalling Ethan’s words over the phone. The mother sobbed, realizing Ethan’s promise had given Mia the courage to hold on. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了飞行员Ethan和刚获得直升机驾照的妻子Clara，在回家途中接到紧急求助电话，不顾恶劣天气前往洪水肆虐的Waverly镇，搜救被困在屋顶的9岁女孩Mia，最终成功找到女孩的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“Carter开始尽可能靠近Mia飞行。”可知，第一段可描写Ethan在恶劣天气中操控直升机的困难、Clara的协助、救援绳的投放过程以及Mia被成功拉上直升机后的安抚场景。 ②由第二段首句内容“最终Mia被安全送到了她母亲身边。”可知，第二段可描写直升机降落、母女重逢的感人画面、母亲的感激之情，以及通过对话点明Ethan的承诺给了Mia坚持的勇气，呼应前文情感。 2. 续写线索：靠近Mia——恶劣天气下的救援挑战——成功救上Mia——安全送达母亲身边——母亲感激——揭示勇气来源 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①操控：maneuver/control ②抓住：clutch/grab ③拥抱：hug/embrace 情绪类 ①颤抖的：trembling/shaking ②勇敢的：brave/courageous 【点睛】[高分句型1] She kept bowing to Ethan and Clara, repeating “Thank you for saving my daughter’s life!” （使用现在分词短语作伴随状语） [高分句型2] Later, Mia told them she’d stayed on the roof by recalling Ethan’s words over the phone. （使用省略that的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $