内容正文:
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完形填空8
试题基本信息
。题型:完形填空(10空,全文约240词)
·核心知识点:记叙文、善行义举(个人)、生活故事
·考查重点:形容词词义、动词词义、名词词义、语境逻辑、固定搭配
材料剖析
。故事发展线索:社区多户缺水数周,“我”家因父亲远见有一口珍贵水井,每日提供淡水
(为后续助人情节铺垫)→周日回家发现邻居在酷热中苦等水车,“我”受社区精神感召
决定助人,全家同意开放水井→消息传开后,社区居民带着容器聚集取水,年轻人主动
帮助老人(展现互助氛围)→水车到达前已帮助50余人,众人如释重负并感激,“我们”
还安排了次日取水时间→只要水井可用就会践行助人精神,指出善意之举会凝聚成克服
困难的力量,强调团结的重要性。
。感情发展线索:庆幸安心(自家有水)→担忧同情(见邻居困境)→触动行动(决定助
人)→温暖欣慰(见证互助)→满足坚定(助人后的成就感与持续践行精神的决心)
完形填空短文
In our community,water has been scarce (for weeks in many homes.Thankfully,my
dad's foresight blessed our home with a(n)well that provides us with fresh water every day.
One Sunday,we arrived home from a wedding.There were our neighbours,sitting among
a pile of buckets,bottles,and anything they could fill water in.Concern immediately filled my
heart.Upon enquiry,they replied they had been for the water truck in the baking heat for
hours.Seeing these,I remembered the community spirit of "I am because we are".I felt an urge
toour neighbours.My family all agreed with me.We them to collect water from our well.
We opened the gate and connected the hosepipe.
Very quickly,the word spread,and old and young from the community to collect water
with various-sized containers.It was a feel-good moment for me and heartwarming to watch the
young help the elderly carry their water home before for their own buckets.
Finally,the water truck arrived.By that time we must have provided water for around 50-plus
people,which made themand grateful.We also arranged a time for them to come the following
day if there was still no water available.
And as long as our family's well is working,weour spirit.It is the fundamental recognition
that individual acts of kindness will spread and grow into athat can overcome even the severest
shortages.We are stronger together.
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题目选项列表
1.A.ancient B.popular C.precious D.abandoned
2.A.desperate B.polite C.kind D.bored
3.A.searching B.waiting C.planning D.applying
4.A.help B.observe C.visit D.forgive
5.A.drove B.taught C.encouraged D.challenged
6.A.struggled B.volunteered C.hesitated D.gathered
7.A.looking B.returning C.asking D.sending
8.A.amused B.free C.proud D.relieved
9.A.identify B.understand C.practise D.learn
10.A.style B.symbol C.concept D.force
核心词汇详解
1.foresight
核心词性
名词(,高频核心):远见:深谋远虑(抽象概念,强调对未来的预判能力)
常用搭配:a man of foresight(有远见的人)、show foresight(表现出远见)
例:His foresight in investing early made him wealthy..(他早期投资的远见
让他变得富有)
词性转换
形容词:foresighted(有远见的)
例:a foresighted decision(一个有远见的决定)
高频搭配
名词:lack of foresight(缺乏远见)、strategic foresight(战略远见)
易混辨析
foresight vs forecast:前者“主观预见能力”,后者“客观预测结果”
foresight vs insight:前者“展望未来”,后者“洞察本质”
2.scarce
核心词性
形容词(adj,高频核心)稀缺的;不足的(强调资源、物品数量难以满足
需求)
常用搭配:scarce resources(稀缺资源)、become scarce(变得稀缺)
例:Water is scarce in the drought area.(干旱地区缺水)
词性转换
副词:scarcely(几乎不;刚刚)
例:He scarcely had time to eat..(他几乎没时间吃饭)
高频搭配
名词:scarcity(稀缺性)、scarce goods(稀缺商品)
易混辨析
scarce vs rare:前者“暂时短缺”,后者“罕见稀有”
例:a rare species(稀有物种)
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3.fundamental
核心词性
形容词(adj.,高频核心):基本的;根本的(强调构成事物基础的重要性)
常用搭配:fundamental principles(基本原则)、fundamental to sth.(对
至关重要)
例:Fresh air is fundamental to health.(新鲜空气对健康至关重要)
词性转换
名词:fundamentals(基本原理;基本原则,多用复数形式)
例:the fundamentals of physics(物理学基础)
高频搭配
名词:fundamental change(根木变化)、fundamental right(基本权利)
易混辨析
fundamental vs basic:i
前者“更抽象根本”,后者“更具体基础”
4.community
核心词性
名词(,高频核心):社区;社群(指居住在同一区域的人群)
常用搭配:local community(当地社区)、community spirit(社区精神)
例:The whole community came together to celebrate..(整个社区聚集起来
庆祝)
词性转换
形容词:communal(公共的;社区的)
例:communal living(集体生活)
高频搭配
名词:community service(社区服务)、the scientific community(科学界)
易混辨析
community vs society:前者“小范围社区”,后者“大范围社会”
5.relieved
核心词性
形容词(adj,高频核心):感到宽慰的;放心的(强调焦虑或压力消除后的
状态)
常用搭配:feel relieved(感到放心)、be relieved to do sth.(做某事感到宽
慰)
例:She was relieved to hear the good news..(听到好消息她松了口气)
词性转换
动词:relieve(缓解;解除)
例:The medicine relieved his pain..(药物缓解了他的疼痛)
高频搭配
名词:relief(缓解;宽慰)、a relieved smile(宽慰的微笑)
易混辨析
relieved vs relaxed:前者“压力解除后宽慰”,后者“身心放松”
6.grateful
核心词性
形容词(adj.,高频核心):感激的;感谢的(对他人帮助或善意的回应)
常用搭配:be grateful to sb.for sth.(因某事感谢某人)、deeply grateful
(深表感激)
例:I'm grateful to you for your support..(感谢你的支持)
词性转换
名词:gratitude(感激之情)
例:She expressed her gratitude with a card.(她用卡片表达感激)
高频搭配
动词:feel grateful(感到感激)、grateful acknowledgment(衷心感谢)
易混辨析
grateful vs thankful:前者“对他人感激”,后者“对命运/情况感谢”
7.gathered
核心词性
动词(v,高频核心):聚集;集合(指人或事物向一处集中)
常用搭配:gather together(聚集在起)、gather information(收集信息)
例:The crowd gathered in the square.(人群聚集在广场上)
词性转换
名词:gathering(集会;聚集)
例:a family gathering(家庭聚会)
高频搭配
动词:gather around(围拢)、gather speed(加速)
易混辨析
gather vs collect:前者“泛指聚集”,后者“有目的收集”
8.severe
核心词性
形容词(adj,高频核心):严重的:剧烈的(多指问题、疾病、天气等程度
深)
常用搭配:severe pain(剧痛)、severe shortage(严重短缺)
例:The storm caused severe damage.(风暴造成了严重破坏)
词性转换
副词:severely(严重地;严厉地)
例:He was severely punished..(他受到严厉惩罚)
高频搭配
名词:severity(严重性)、severe weather(恶劣天气)
易混辨析
severe vs serious:前者“程度更重”,后者“态度严肃/情况严重”
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9.abandoned
核心词性
形容词(adj.,高频核心):被遗弃的:废弃的(指人或物被丢弃、不再使用)
常用搭配:an abandoned house(废弃的房子)、abandoned children(被遗
弃的儿童)
例:The abandoned car was towed away.(废弃的汽车被拖走了)
词性转换
动词:abandon(抛弃;放弃)
例:He abandoned his car in the snow.(他把车抛弃在雪中)
高频搭配
名词:abandonment(抛弃;遗弃)、abandoned property(废弃财产)
易混辨析
abandoned vs deserted:前者“主动遗弃”,后者“荒无人烟”
10.hesitated
核心词性
动词(v,高频核心):犹豫;迟疑(因不确定或顾虑而暂缓行动)
常用搭配:hesitate to do sth.(犹豫做某事)、without hesitation(毫不犹豫)
例:She hesitated before answering the question..(她回答问题前犹豫了一下)
词性转换
名词:hesitation(犹豫)
例:He agreed without hesitation.(他毫不犹豫地同意了)
高频搭配
动词:hesitate between(在…之间犹豫)、hesitate for a moment(犹豫片
刻)
易混辨析
hesitate vs pause:前者“心理犹豫”,后者“行为暂停”
答案与逐题解析
正确答案:1-5 CABAC6-10 DBDCD
1.C (precious)
考点:形容词词义辨析
语境逻辑:前文提到社区水资源稀缺,父亲的远见让家里有一口能提供淡水的井,可知这口井
是“珍贵的”。
选项辨析:A.ancient(古老的);B.popular(受欢迎的);C.precious(珍贵的):D.abandoned
(废弃的)。只有C符合“在缺水时提供水源”的价值属性。
2.A(desperate)
考点:形容词词义+语境情感
语境逻辑:邻居们坐在一堆水桶、瓶子等容器中间,结合下文“在酷热中等水车几小时”,可知
他们处于“绝望的;急需的”状态。
选项辨析:A.desperate(绝望的;极度渴望的);B.polite(礼貌的);C.kind(善良的);D.
bored(无聊的)。“desperate”能体现缺水时的迫切需求。
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3.B(waiting)
考点:动词搭配+语境逻辑
语境逻辑:后文提到“for the water truck”,结合常识,缺水时人们会“等待”水车。
选项辨析:A.searching(搜索,搭配for时指寻找具体事物);B.waiting(等待,搭配for表
示等待某人/物);C.planning(计划):D.applying(申请)。“waiting for the water truck”符
合语境。
4.A (help)
考点:动词词义十主旨呼应
语境逻辑:前文提到“社区精神I am because we are'(我因我们而存在)”,看到邻居困境,“我”
产生了“帮助”他们的冲动。
选项辨析:A.help(帮助):B.observe(观察);C.visit(拜访);D.forgive(原谅)。“help”
与社区互助精神一致。
5.C(encouraged)
考点:动词词义+语境动作
语境逻辑:家人同意“我”的想法后,应该是“鼓励”邻居来井里取水。
选项辨析:A.drove(驱使:开车送):B.taught(教):C.encouraged(鼓励);D.challenged
(挑战)。“encouraged them to collect water”符合主动提供帮助的逻辑。
6.D (gathered)
考点:动词词义十场景描述
语境逻辑:消息传开后,社区里的老少带着各种容器“聚集”到一起取水。
选项辨析:A.struggled(挣扎);B.volunteered(自愿);C.hesitated(犹豫);D.gathered
(聚集)。“gathered”形象描述了人们集中取水的场景。
7.B (returning)
考点:动词词义+动作顺序
语境逻辑:年轻人先帮助老人把水搬回家,然后再“返回”取自己的水桶。
选项辨析:A.looking(看):B.returning(返▣):C.asking(询问):D.sending(发送)。“returning
for their own buckets'”符合“先帮人后取己物”的顺序。
8.D (relieved)
考点:形容词词义+情绪变化
语境逻辑:水车终于来了,之前等了几小时的人们应该感到“如释重负”。
选项辨析:A.amused(被逗乐的);B.free(自由的);C.proud(骄傲的);D.relieved(宽慰
的;如释重负的)。“relieved”符合困境解除后的情绪。
9.C (practise)
考点:动词词义+主旨升华
语境逻辑:只要家里的井还能用,我们就会“践行”这种互助精神。
选项辨析:A.identify(识别);B.understand(理解);C.practise(实践;践行);D.learn
(学习)。“practise our spirit”表示将精神付诸行动。
10.D (force)
考点:名词词义十比喻修辞
语境逻辑:善良的个体行为会传播并成长为一种能够克服严重短缺的“力量”。
选项辨析:A.style(风格);B.symbol(象征);C.concept(概念):D.force(力量)。“force”
用比喻手法强调集体善意的强大作用,与“We are stronger together”呼应。