范畴3 话题14 自然生态与环境保护-【一战成名新中考】2026河南中考英语（人教版）·一轮复习·话题读写思维训练优质PPT课件（讲册）

该初中英语中考复习课件聚焦“自然生态与环境保护”核心话题，紧扣中考10年14考命题规律，覆盖课标子主题及教材单元，梳理自然景观、环境问题及措施等常考角度，归纳选择型阅读C篇（含观点事实题等新考法）和环保主题写作题型，体现中考备考针对性。 课件亮点在于“真题精析+技巧点拨+写作实战”模式，以2025广东改编阅读真题为例，详解观点事实题区分事实与观点的方法，培养思维品质，写作指导通过“审题-框架-润色”步骤提升语言能力，助力学生掌握答题技巧，教师可依此制定系统复习计划，高效备战中考。

英语 1 2 第一部分 话题读写精讲练 ★范畴三 人与自然 话题14 自然生态与环境保护 ［10年14考］ 3 【课标子主题】①世界主要国家的地理位置, 不同地区的生态特征与自然 景观; ②热爱与敬畏自然, 与自然和谐共生; ③环境污染及 原因, 环保意识和行为 【常考角度】自然景观［10年6考］、自然现象［10年5考］、与自然和谐 共生［10年2考］、环境问题及措施［2019阅读C］ 4 【教材单元链接】#3 人教 课标 七(下)U5 动物园里的动物 七(下)U7 天气 八(下)U7 世界的事实(地理与自然) 八(下)U9 有趣的地方 九(全)U8 神秘的事物 九(全)U13 环境保护 七(下)U8 T1 季节与天气 八(上)U4 T1 动物与植物 九(上)U2 环境保护 5 环境问题及影响 1.environmental pollution 环境污染 2.air/water/noise/light pollution 空气/水/噪音/光污染 3.climate change 气候变化 4.endangered animals 濒危动物 5.human activity 人类活动 6.waste water 废水 7.cut down trees 砍伐树木 8.throw rubbish around 乱扔垃圾 6 9.lead to 导致 10.die out 灭绝#5 11.in danger 处于危险中 12.run out(of) 用光, 耗尽 13.lose their homes 失去它们的家园 14.the number is dropping 数量在减少 15. health problems 健康问题 16.greenhouse effect 温室效应 17.global warming 全球变暖 我来补充：_____________________________________________________#1.8#10 7 环保行动 1.reduce the waste 减少浪费 2.put sth. to good use 充分利用某物 3.use cars less 减少用车 4.garbage sorting 垃圾分类 5.develop/make laws 制定法律 6.save energy 节约能源 7.recycle waste 回收废弃物 8.live a low-carbon life 过低碳生活 9.live in harmony with 与……和谐共处 10.save endangered animals 拯救濒危动物 11.develop new energy 开发新能源 12.reuse shopping bags 重复使用购物袋 8 13.use reusable bags 使用环保袋 14.buy eco-friendly products 购买环境友好型产品#7 15.use the both sides of paper 使用纸张的两面 16.turn off the lights before leaving 离开前关灯 17.stop using wooden chopsticks 停止使用木筷子 18. use public transportation 使用公共交通 我来补充：_____________________________________________________#1.8#10 9 1.我们学校有不同的垃圾桶用于垃圾分类。(garbage sorting) _______________________________________________________ There are different bins in our school for garbage sorting. 2.为了生活在一个干净的环境中, 我们不应该乱扔垃圾。 (throw litter around) ________________________________________________________________ __________ To live in a clean environment, we are not supposed to throw litter around. 10 3.我们应该停止砍伐树木,因为它们是许多鸟类的家园。(cut down trees) ________________________________________________________________ _______ We should stop cutting down trees because they are homes to many birds. 4.我们应该与动物和谐相处,因为它们是我们的朋友。(live in harmony with) ________________________________________________________________ We should live in harmony with animals because they are our friends. 5.作为学生, 我们可以通过过低碳生活来保护环境。(live a low-carbon life) ________________________________________________________________ ______ As students, we can help protect the environment by living a low-carbon life. 11 ▶课标高频词句 1.climate change __________ 2.suffer from ______ 3.break out ______ 4.cut down ______ 5.call on ______ 6.It seems that… __________ 气候变化 遭受 爆发 砍倒 呼吁 似乎…… 12 7.set a good example ________________ 8.cover an area of ________________ 9.take action __________ 树立一个好榜样 覆盖……的面积 采取行动 ▶佳句积累(翻译波浪线所在句) ________________________________________________________________ ____________ 如果有更多的国家像中国一样开始采取行动, 地球将会变成一个更加绿 色的星球。 13 [2025广东改编]Everyone knows that forests help fight climate change. However, a recent scientific report shows that the world lost 300,000 square kilometers of forests in 2024. That’s an area about the size of Italy. According to the report, for the first time ever, fires were the biggest cause of forest loss. ▲ This country has the largest area of rainforest in the world. Last year, it suffered from a long period of dry weather. Wildfires broke out and spread. As a result, about 25,000 square kilometers 14 of the primary rainforest disappeared in the country. This meant fires caused 66% of its forest loss. The second biggest cause of the world’s forest loss was clearing land for farming. As people need more farmland, they keep cutting down forests every year. In 2024, the area of forest cleared for farming increased by 14% worldwide. The situation was more severe in developing countries. For example, Bolivia’s forest loss doubled in 2024. Without doubt, something must be done. Experts call on governments, businesses and people to work together before it is too late. It seems that China has set a good example. Thanks to cooperation at many levels, China had the biggest increase in forest area among all countries in 2024. That year alone, newly-planted trees in China covered an area of nearly 45,000 square kilometers, according to a news report. If more countries start to take action like China, the earth will become a greener planet.#4 1.Why is the size of Italy mentioned in Paragraph 1? A. To show why we need forests. B. To show where a disaster spread. C. To show what climate change is. D. To show how terrible forest loss was. 2. Which of the following can be put in “▲”? A. Farming is a reason. B. Take Brazil for example. C. Wildfires were stopped. D. Read the report carefully. √ √ 17 3.What does the underlined word “severe” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Serious. B. Boring. C. Balanced. D. Positive. 4. Which of the following is an opinion(观点) according to the text? A. Forests is helpful in fighting climate change. B. Brazil has the largest area of rainforest in the world. C. The earth is going to become a greener planet. D. China had the biggest increase in forest area in 2024. √ √ 18 5.What is the best title for the text? A. Rainforest Became Larger B. Farmland Area Grew Rapidly C. Forest Fires Caused Pollution D. Forest Loss Worried the World √ 19 题型考法分析 选择型阅读C篇以考查科普知识类说明文为主。考查方式除固定考查 1~2道细节理解题外, 还涉及词义猜测题、段落大意题、标题归纳题, 推理 判断题2020年后未考过。此外, 2020年后每年会固定考查1~2道新考法, 具体如下： 1.观点事实题：Which of the following is an opinion (观点) according to the text?［2025.33］ 20 2.写作目的题：What is the writer’s purpose in writing the text?［2024.35］ 3.写作手法题：How does the writer lead into the topic “bicycle-powered energy” in Paragraph 2?［2023.31］/How does the writer develop his idea in Paragraph 2?［2024.33］ 4.主题推断题：In which unit of a textbook can the text be found?［2023.35］/ What is the theme(主题) of the text?［2021.34］ 5.篇章结构题：What is the structure of the passage?［2022.34］ 6.细节归纳题：What do ants do to help spread seeds?［2021.33］ 7.写作对象题：Who is the text written for?［2020.35］#1.2.7 新考法点拨 观点事实题。此类试题主要考查学生对于事实和观点的区分。事实是 客观存在的事物或情况, 可以通过观察、实验、证据或数据来验证或证明 其真实性。它们是具体、可测量的, 不依赖于个人的信念或感受; 观点是个 人或集体对某事的看法、信仰或判断。它们是基于个人的经验、信仰、价 值观或解释, 可能因人而异。 第4题的A、B、D项描述的都是 __________, 可验证其真实性; 只有C项 是对未来的一种主观预测, 属于 ______。 客观事实 观点 22 1.体裁：说明文 2.What(主旨)：文章主要介绍了全球森林面积锐减的严峻现状, 并分析了 森林消失的主要原因。 3.Why(意图)：激发读者的环保意识和行动意愿, 呼吁全球共同努力保护 森林资源。#3 23 4.How(组织结构)：#4 24 一、新考法加练 1. What was the biggest cause of forest loss according to the text? A. B. C. D. √ 25 2. What’s the purpose of the text? A. To show us the situation of the forest. B. To tell us the causes of forest loss. C. To call on us to protect the forest. D. To praise what China has done. √ 26 二、佳句应用 1.让我们采取行动来保护处于危险中的野生动物。(take action) _____________________________________________________ Let’s take action to protect the wild animals in danger. 2.加入我们小组, 呼吁更多的人保护地球。(call on) _________________________________________________________ Join our group to call on more people to protect the earth. 27 Passage 1［2025信阳二模］ 1.in fall ________ 2.be close to __________ 3.be known for ______________ 4.art class ________ 5.stand out ________________ 6.take a moment to do sth. ________________ 7.look up at ______________ 在秋天 离……近 以……而闻名 艺术课 突出; 引人注目 花点时间做某事 仰望; 向上看 28 Is the sky bluer in fall than in summer? The answer is yes! There are some reasons for this. The sun is lower in the sky in fall. As the days get shorter, the sun appears lower and lower in the sky. It doesn’t shine directly on us anymore. Instead, it is closer to the earth and more blue light is scattered(散射). This lets the sky seem bluer. In fall, there is less water in the air, so there are fewer clouds. Fall is known for good weather—lower temperatures and less wet air. The air does not hold much water, so clouds do not form easily. When there are 29 few or no clouds covering the sky, the blue color of the sky shows more clearly, and the sky looks more open and brighter. You might be surprised, but the colorful leaves of fall actually help give the sky’s blueness a color boost(增强), which can make the sky seem even bluer. If you’ve made a color wheel for an art class, you know that blue and orange are opposite colors that look good together. The red, orange, and gold leaves of fall make the blue sky stand out beautifully against them. This contrast(颜色反差) looks nice and creates a special autumn view. So, the next time you’re out enjoying the beautiful weather in autumn, take a moment to look up at the sky, remember these reasons why it looks so blue and enjoy the view!#5 1. How does the writer lead into the topic in Paragraph 1? A. By asking a question. B. By telling a joke. C. By using an old saying. D. By making a survey. 2.Why does the sky look bluer in fall according to Paragraph 2? A. Because the sun is shining directly on us. B. Because the sun is closer to the earth. C. Because the sun is smaller in the sky. D. Because the sun is covered by the clouds. √ √ 32 3. Which one shows the relationship between the water in the air(x) and the blue color of the sky(y)? ___ A. B. C. D. 4.What colors make the sky bluer in fall? A. Green, black and gold. B. Green, orange and white. C. Red, white and black. D. Red, orange and gold. √ √ 3. Which one shows the relationship between the water in the air(x) and the blue color of the sky(y)? 33 5. What is the structure of the text? A. B. C. D. √ 34 佳句应用 1.桂林是一座美丽的城市, 它以山川湖泊而闻名。(be known for) ________________________________________________________________ Guilin is a beautiful city and it is known for its mountains and lakes. 2.徒步旅行是保持健康和亲近大自然的好方法。(be close to) __________________________________________________________ Hiking is a good way to stay healthy and be close to nature. 3.当我们在乡村仰望天空时, 我们可以看到很多星星。(look up at) ________________________________________________________________ _______ When we look up at the sky in the countryside, we can see many stars. 35 Passage 2［2025江西］ 1.be different from ____________ 2.use… for… ______________ 3.be made into ________ 4.hold onto _____________ 5.take the place of ____________ 6.protect…from… __________________ 7.tons of ______________ 和……不同 用……做…… 被制成 保留, 守住 取代; 代替 保护……免受…… 大量; 无数的 36 You can put a stamp on it, you can write an address on it, and you can send it through the mail. No, it’s not a package(包裹). It’s the amazing coconut(椰子)! The coconut is different from most other fruits because every part of it is useful. People have been using coconuts in many different ways. Here are some of them. One exciting use of the coconut is as a kind of energy. Scientists are working on using coconuts for energy because they are cheap and clean. Coconut oil has already been made into fuel(燃料). It can power cars, trucks, ships and many more. 37 Students at Baylor University find that coconut husks(外壳) can take in water very well. So mixing coconut husks with dry soil(土壤) helps the soil to hold onto more of the water. The students also find that coconut husks can take the place of plastic in some cases. If this is possible, it will help people use less plastic. The husk of the coconut is a perfect package. It protects the coconut from harm. That’s why some countries allow people to send the coconut without any packaging. Each year, tourists post about 3,000 of these “coconut postcards”. Coconuts grow naturally in over 80 countries of the world. They require only sun and proper rain. No special care is needed. Every year, more than 61 million tons of coconuts are produced. It is not surprising, then, that people want to find so many uses for the coconut.#6 1.Why is the coconut different from most other fruits? A. Stamps can be put on it. B. Every part of it is useful. C. People send it in a package. D. Addresses can be written on it. 2.What does the underlined word “power” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Make room for. B. Add value to. C. Provide energy for. D. Put weight on. √ √ 40 3. In which part of the magazine could we read the text? A. Story Time. B. History World. C. Sports News. D. Amazing Nature. √ 4. What’s the main purpose of the text? A. To advise people to protect coconuts. B. To ask people to grow more coconuts. C. To show the value and uses of coconuts. D. To introduce a fuel made from coconuts. √ 41 5. What is the structure of the text? A. B. C. D. √ 42 Which of the following is an opinion(观点) according to the text? 一、新考法加练 A. Coconut husks can take in water very well. B. It isn’t surprising people want to find more uses for the coconuts. C. Coconuts grow naturally in over 80 countries of the world. D. Coconut oil can power cars, trucks, ships and many more. √ 43 二、佳句应用 1.塑料瓶可以通过特殊技术制成新衣服。(be made into) ________________________________________________________________ ____________ Plastic bottles can be made into new clothes through special technology. 2.为保证海洋动物安全地生活,我们应该保护海洋免受污染。 (protect… from…) ________________________________________________________________ _____________________ In order to keep sea animals living safely, we should protect the ocean from pollution. 44 Passage 3［2025福建改编］ 1.make a difference ________________ 2.take showers _______________ 3.brush your teeth ______ 4.more than ____________ 5.throw out _____________ 6.take good care of ________ 7.go shopping ______ 起作用; 有影响 洗澡, 洗淋浴 刷牙 多于; 超过 扔掉, 丢掉 照顾好 购物 45 The earth is our home. There are some ways that you and your family can use to help the planet and make a difference.#1 ①_________ Take shorter showers. A 10-minute shower or a full bathtub(浴缸) can waste a lot of water. Also, turn off the tap as you brush your teeth. Use less water in the garden and let the rain clean cars. ②_________ Don’t take more than you can eat. About one-third of food in some areas is thrown out or wasted. 46 ③_________ Take good care of things you own and they will get a long life. If they break, try to repair them. If you can’t repair them, call a repairman. Producing new goods will add CO 2 to the air. ④_________ Use plastic and paper bags more than once. When you go shopping, use cloth bags instead of plastic bags. 续表 47 ⑤_________ Use reusable cups instead of throwaway(一次性的) paper cups if necessary. If you use more paper cups, you will produce more rubbish. 续表 1.What can you do to save water? A. Take shorter showers. B. Bathe in a full bathtub. C. Stop using the tap. D. Clean cars every day. 2.What should you do when something breaks? A. Throw it away. B. Repair it if possible. C. Produce new goods. D. Take good care of it. 3.What does the writer suggest? A. Using fewer paper cups. B. Using more plastic bags. C. Using throwaway paper cups. D. Using paper bags just once. √ √ √ 49 4. What is the proper title for ①, ②, ③, ④ and ⑤ separately? a. Use reusable bags. b. Avoid wasting food. c. Use fewer paper cups. d. Use less water. e. Care and repair. A. a-c-e-d-b B. b-d-e-c-a C. d-b-e-a-c D. c-b-a-e-d 5. In which section of a newspaper can you probably read the text? A. Culture. B. Health. C. Sports. D. Environment. √ √ 50 一、新考法加练 1. Which of the following is about reusing things? A. ①④ B. ①⑤ C. ②③ D. ④⑤ √ 51 2. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To introduce the importance of saving water. B. To tell people to take care of their things. C. To advise people to protect the earth well. D. To show people how to go shopping wisely. √ 52 二、佳句应用 1.我相信只要我们及时采取行动, 我们就能有所作为。(make a difference) _________________________________________________________________ I believe that if we take action in time, we can make a difference. 2.我们应该照顾好地球, 因为它是我们唯一的家园。(take good care of) ________________________________________________________________ We should take good care of the earth because it’s our only home. 53 Passage 4 1.next to ____________ 2.be famous for ______________ 3.speak of _____________ 4.a large number of _____________ 5.spread out _____________ 6.travel to sp. ____________ 旁边; 紧邻 因……而著名 讲起, 提到 大量, 许多 罗列, 排布 去某地旅行 54 successful you and build event special of interest spirit mention Taiping Ancient Town is at the confluence(交汇处) of the Gulin River and the Chishui(赤水) River in Sichuan. It is a 1. _______ town in the southern part of Sichuan, next to Yunnan and Guizhou. It is 2. ______ on a mountain. And the buildings there are famous for styles of the Ming and Qing dynasties.#1.1 special built 55 Speaking of Taiping Ancient Town, it is natural to 3. _________ the famous event “Siduchishui”. In the spring of 1935, after the Zunyi Conference(会议), the Central Red Army 4. ____________ crossed the Chishui River four times. The second and fourth crossings took place at Taiping Ancient Town. The 5. ______ has left not only a large number of historical interests, but a deep meaning of the red culture. That’s why it 6. _________ so many tourists.#1.2 mention successfully event interests successful you and build event special of interest spirit mention 56 Changzheng(Long March) Street is in the center 7. ___ the ancient town. It is about five hundred meters long, 8. _____ the buildings are spread out along it. Changzheng and Siduchishui Museum in the town is an important red education base(基地). So if you plan to travel to Sichuan with 9. ______ friends or family, I recommend you visit Taiping Ancient Town. Here you can both have fun and study the 10. _______ of Long March.#1.4 of and your spirits successful you and build event special of interest spirit mention 57 佳句应用 1.开封因作为宋朝的故都而出名。(be famous for) ________________________________________________________________ Kaifeng is famous for being an ancient capital of the Song Dynasty. 2.如果你计划去河南旅行, 洛阳是一个值得参观的城市。(travel to sp.) ________________________________________________________________ _________ If you plan to travel to Henan, Luoyang is a city that is worth visiting. 58 分析河南近10年中考真题可知, 此话题未考查过, 但其在全国为高频 考查话题。常见的命题角度有：①介绍环境污染问题及保护环境的措施; ②介绍自己参与过的环保活动。 写作佳句及范文积累见《晨读词句篇》P57 59 随着“一带一路”绿色发展国际联盟大会的召开, 人们对于环境污染和 气候变化的关注越来越多。为号召大家保护环境, 倡导绿色生活, 你们班决 定开展一次主题班会。请你以“Save the earth： Let’s do our part!”为主题, 用英语写一篇演讲稿。 写作提示：1. 保护地球的重要性; 2. 提出至少3条保护地球的建议; 3. 呼吁同学们一起保护地球。 60 写作要求：1. 文中须包含以上所有写作要点, 可适当发挥; 2. 文中不得出现考生的真实姓名和学校名称; 3. 词数100左右(开头已给出, 不计入总词数)。 Save the earth： Let’s do our part! Dear teachers and students, I’m very glad to stand here to share my opinions about protecting the earth. ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 61 Step 1 审好题, 定方向 1.定主题：保护地球, 让我们尽自己的一份力 2.定文体：题干要求写一篇演讲稿, 文体属于 ________ 3.定人称：根据写作要点可知, 介绍保护地球的重要性和建议应用 __________ 4.定时态：根据写作要点, 尤其第1、2点可知, 客观介绍保护地球的重要性 和建议, 应用 ____________ 5.定要点：① __________________; ② ________________; ③ __________ 应用文 第一人称 一般现在时 保护地球的重要性 保护地球的建议 发出呼吁 62 Step 2 搭框架, 写句子 开头：点明主题, 介绍保护地球的重要性 I’m very glad to stand here to share my opinions about protecting the earth. (给出) 要点1：保护地球的重要性 遣词：only one earth, our only home, provide us with many resources, air/ water/… pollution, climate change, greenhouse effect, loss of natural resources, animals lose their homes, … 造句：①Protecting the earth is very important because… ②Too much pollution is around us, such as…③If we don’t protect the earth, we’ll face problems like… ④… is so serious that… 试一试：__________________________________________________________ 63 中间：提出保护地球的建议 要点2：保护地球的建议 遣词：plant more trees, use public transportation, organize clean-up activities, share information on social media, save water and electricity, use both sides of paper, use fewer plastic bags, throw rubbish in the bin, recycle and make full use of old things, … 造句：①There are many things we can do to…, such as… ②We can do our part to… ③We should/can/had better/are supposed to… instead of/when… ④It’s a good habit to… ⑤To protect the environment, we can start by… 试一试：__________________________________________________________ 续表 64 结尾：呼吁同学们采取行动, 保护地球 要点3：发出呼吁 遣词：work together, try one’s best, do one’s part, take action, make a big difference, make the world a better place, live a green life, … 造句：①Let’s work together to… ②Everyone should try their best to… ③We should make it our duty to…④If everyone does their parts, … ⑤I really hope more and more students can… 试一试：__________________________________________________________ 续表 65 Step 3 构篇章, 润词句 【组句成篇】 Save the earth: Let’s do our part! Dear teachers and students, I’m very glad to stand here to share my opinions about protecting the earth. We have only one earth, so it is important to protect it. If we don’t take care of it, we will face problems like pollution, climate change, and the loss of natural resources. 66 There are many things we can do to save the earth. ①To start with, we can plant more trees to keep the air fresh. Next, we are supposed to use public transportation or ride a bike. Besides, we can organize clean-up activities and encourage more people to join in. Last but not least, sharing information about protecting the earth on social media is a good way to raise people’s awareness. Let’s work together to protect our earth. ②I hope everyone can take action to make the world a better place. 续表 67 【润色美文】 ①用which引导的定语从句进行升格。 _______________________________________________________________ ______ ②用as long as引导的条件状语从句进行升格。 _______________________________________________________________ ______ To start with, we can plant more trees, which helps to keep the air fresh. As long as everyone takes action, we will make the world a better place. 温馨提示：润色完成后, 请通篇检查一遍后在练习本上誊写下最终范文。 续表 68 为了倡导低碳生活, 增加绿色足迹, 你作为班长, 要向班上的同学发出 倡议。请你按照所给提示和要求写一篇题目为“Going green for a better future”的演讲稿, 呼吁大家为环境保护出一份力。 69 参考词汇：waste sorting垃圾分类; tap水龙头; transportation交通工具 写作要求：1. 文中须包含以上写作提示中的所有信息, 可适当发挥; 2. 文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称; 3. 词数100左右(文中已给出内容不计入总词数)。 Going green for a better future Hello, everyone! ____________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________ Today, I am honored to stand here and talk about “Going green for a better future”. Our planet is in trouble, facing some environmental challenges, so we should take action in our daily life. 70 ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ______________ Thank you!#1.8 First, let’s do waste sorting, which helps recycle useful things and reduce pollution. Second, choose green travelling like riding bikes. It can not only reduce air pollution and traffic jams, but also help cut down on car emissions. Third, save water. Turn off the taps when they are not in use. Every drop counts! Last but not least, don’t forget to use reusable shopping bags while shopping. Small actions can make a big difference. Let’s go green for a better future! $