范畴2 话题13 科学与技术-【一战成名新中考】2026河南中考英语（人教版）·一轮复习·话题读写思维训练优质PPT课件（讲册）

该初中英语中考复习课件聚焦“人与社会”范畴下“科学与技术”核心话题，紧扣中考10年3考的考查要求，系统梳理发明创造、科技影响等常考角度，通过课标子主题对接、教材单元关联、词汇短语分类及阅读理解题型归纳，精准对接中考说明，体现备考针对性与实用性。 课件亮点在于“话题词汇+真题语篇+技巧突破”模式，如以自动驾驶汽车语篇为例，详解观点态度题解题方法，引导学生通过褒贬词和主题句推断作者立场，培养语言能力与思维品质。结合2025改编真题训练写作目的、主旨推断等新考法，配合佳句应用提升表达，助力学生掌握答题技巧，教师可依此高效规划复习，确保冲刺效果。

英语 1 2 第一部分 话题读写精讲练 ★范畴二 人与社会 话题13 科学与技术 ［10年3考］ 3 【课标子主题】科学技术与工程, 人类发明与创新 【常考角度】发明创造［2022方框选词］、科技对生活的影响［2016方框 选词］、新能源［2023阅读C］、信息技术与安全 【教材单元链接】 人教 课标 九(全)U6 发明 八(上)U4 T3 互联网对生活的影响 九(上)U4 T1 发明 4 科技与发明 1.science and technology 科学技术 2.scientific study/research 科学研究 3.great invention 伟大的发明 4.electric light 电灯 5.smartphone 智能手机 6.online payment 在线支付 7.electronic product 电子产品 8.high-speed railway 高铁 9.facial recognition 人脸识别 10.mobile robot 移动机器人 5 11.high-tech products 高科技产品 12.the sweeping robot 扫地机器人 13.drone performance 无人机表演 14.virtual reality (VR) 虚拟现实 15.artificial intelligence 人工智能 16.make a video chat 视频聊天 17.be used for 被用于 18. be invented by 由……发明 19.by accident/chance 偶然; 意外地 20. be made of/from 由……制成 我来补充：_____________________________________________________#8 6 科技的影响 1. take the place of 取代 2. change one’s life 改变某人的生活 3.have a great influence on… 对……有很大的影响 4.play a role in… 在……中发挥作用 5.get the latest information 获取最新消息 6.save us a lot of time 节省我们许多时间 7.make life more convenient 使生活更方便 #6 7 8.open up a world of knowledge 开阔知识世界 9.make communication faster and easier 使沟通更快捷简单 10.shorten the distance of transportation 缩短交通出行的距离 11.let traditional cultures come alive 让传统文化焕发生机 12.help students achieve personalized study 帮助学生实现个性化学习 13.take a leading position in the world 在世界上处于领先位置 我来补充：_____________________________________________________ 1.如今, 人们习惯于在互联网上获取最新信息。(get the latest information) ________________________________________________________________ __________ Nowadays, people are used to getting the latest information on the Internet. 2.人工智能可以用来帮助学生实现个性化学习。(be used for) ____________________________________________________________ AI can be used for helping students achieve personalized study. 3.这个宇宙飞船是由木头和玻璃制成的。(be made of) _________________________________________ This spaceship is made of wood and glass. 9 4.虽然人工智能足够智能, 但它不能取代人类。(take the place of) _______________________________________________________________ Although AI is smart enough, it can’t take the place of humans. 5.中国高铁在世界上处于领先位置。(take a leading position) ________________________________________________________________ Chinese high-speed railway has taken a leading position in the world. 10 ▶课标高频词句 1.drop off ______________ 2.depend on ______ 3.not… at all __________ 4.in the near future ______________ 5.make up _____________ 中途放下某人 依赖 一点也不 在不久的将来 组成, 构成 ▶佳句积累(翻译波浪线所在句) _____________________________________________________ 自动驾驶汽车甚至可以提供更多帮助, 比如帮助残疾人。 11 Imagine this：You jump into a car on a weekend morning, and it takes you wherever you want to go—no directions needed. When it drops you off, it heads home on its own, so you don’t need to worry about parking. That’s what self-driving cars can do. A self-driving car is also called a driverless car. It senses its environment and operates without human involvement(参与). Depending on the level of driving automation(自动化), these cars require different degrees of human involvement. At higher levels, a human passenger may not need to take control or even be in the vehicle at all. However, 12 at lower levels, human involvement might still be necessary. An autonomous vehicle isn’t some simple small tool. “It’s a system, a collection of inventions applied(应用) in a novel way,” reported Wired magazine. Developing self-driving cars takes a lot of time and resources, but the advantages are promising. For example, automation could markedly reduce road accidents, as according to research in the United States, 94% of accidents are caused by the drivers’ own operational mistakes. Self-driving cars can help even more, like helping the people with disabilities. More importantly, they can help reduce energy use and air pollution by less traffic jams and unnecessary operations. Many well-known companies worldwide, such as Baidu and Tesla have entered the self-driving car industry. According to Wired, autonomous technology could add $7 trillion(万亿) (more than 49 trillion yuan) and save hundreds of thousands of lives in the near future. Research from Goldman Sachs, a famous bank, suggests that self-driving cars will make up 10 percent of new vehicle sales by 2030.#5 1.Why does the writer ask readers to imagine at first? A. To explain how to buy a self-driving car. B. To teach readers to drive self-driving cars. C. To show how useful self-driving cars can be. D. To discuss the disadvantages of self-driving cars. 2.What can we learn from Paragraph 2? A. Self-driving cars have to sense with human involvement. B. The automation levels of self-driving cars are the same. C. Some self-driving cars can be controlled from the outside. D. An autonomous vehicle is a complicated system with an invention. √ √ 15 3. What are the advantages of self-driving cars according to the text? ①They can cut down on road accidents. ②They can help the disabled people. ③They can reduce energy use and air pollution. ④They can work without following traffic rules. A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ①③④ D. ②③④ √ 16 4.What do the numbers in the last paragraph tell us? A. Self-driving cars will be more expensive by 2030. B. Self-driving cars have a huge market requirement. C. Self-driving cars can make much money for the owners. D. Self-driving cars are mostly produced by the two companies. 5. What is the writer’s attitude towards self-driving cars? A. Supportive. B. Worried. C. Uncertain. D. Doubtful. √ √ 17 观点态度题。此类试题的观点和态度一般分为三大类：①支持、赞同、 积极; ②客观、中立; ③反对、批评、怀疑、悲观。此类试题的选项一般含 有以下三类词：①中性词：uninterested(不感兴趣的), neutral(中立的), humorous(滑稽有趣的)等; ②褒义词：positive(积极的), supportive(支持的), enthusiastic(热情的), admiring(赞赏的)等; ③贬义词：disgusted(厌恶的), critical(批评的), impassive(无动于衷的), indifferent(漠不关心的), negative (否定的, 消极的)。 针对此类试题, 考生可参考以下方法解题: 18 1.采用主旨推断的方法。可根据文章或段落的主题句推断作者的写作目的, 因为主题句往往会表明作者的态度立场。 2.在原文中找观点类语言。这类语言可能是作者自己的观点, 也有可能是引 用了专家的观点或研究来表明自己的观点。体会这些语言的感情色彩, 褒 贬含义, 从而推断出作者的观点。 3.文中没有明确的态度时, 应注意表达感情色彩的形容词, 通过这些词推断 出作者的观点。 本文中, 作者主要介绍了自动驾驶汽车的诸多优点, 以及其广阔的发展前景 等, 没有提及对自动驾驶汽车的担忧或怀疑等负面态度, 所以作者的态度是 ________。#1.2.4 支持的 19 1. 体裁：说明文 2. What(主旨)：文章主要介绍了自动驾驶汽车的功能、优势、发展现状及 未来前景。 3. Why(意图)：通过让读者了解自动驾驶汽车的潜力和好处, 增强读者对这 项技术的认识和兴趣, 并为未来的技术发展做好准备。#3 20 4. How(组织结构)：#4 21 Passage 1［2025白银改编］ 1.different types of ____________ 2.and so on ______ 3.be used to do sth. ______________ 4.self-driving car ______________ 5.viewing history __________ 6.It’s up to sb. to do sth. ____________________ 不同种类的 等等 被用来做某事 自动驾驶汽车 观看历史 做某事取决于某人。 22 Learning about AI ▲ AI works by using algorithms(算法), or step-by-step instructions, to help computers understand and work with information. For example, if you want to teach a computer to know different types of fruits, you should give it a lot of pictures of fruits and tell it which ones are apples, bananas, and so on. The computer will then use this information to figure out what new fruits are. This process is called “machine learning”. 23 What can AI be used for? AI is already being used in many different areas. For example, AI can be used to： ● diagnose(诊断) and treat diseases; ● drive self-driving cars; ● recommend movies and TV shows according to your viewing history; ● help teachers give marks to papers. 续表 24 The Future of AI In the future, AI may completely change many parts of our lives and help us solve some of the world’s biggest problems. However, it’s also important to remember that AI is just a tool, and it’s up to us to decide how we use it. With responsible and ethical(合乎道德的) use, AI can make the world a better place for everyone! PS：The copy above is created by AI! 续表 25 1. Which of the following can be put in ▲? A. When was AI invented? B. How does AI work? C. Why is AI important? D. Who uses AI the most? 2.What does the underlined phrase “figure out” probably mean? A. Come out. B. Try out. C. Find out. D. Bring out. 3.How does AI recommend movies and TV shows? A. By guessing freely. B. By using your viewing history. C. By asking your friends. D. By creating new movies. √ √ √ 26 4.What can we learn from the text? A. AI isn’t a tool and it can decide how people use it. B. AI can make a better world if we use it correctly. C. It’s impossible for AI to solve the biggest questions. D. AI can not help teachers to mark the papers. 5.Who wrote the text? A. A worker. B. An engineer. C. A writer. D. AI. √ √ 27 一、新考法加练 1. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To warn people about the dangers of AI. B. To show what AI is, its uses and future. C. To explain how to create AI programs. D. To compare AI with other technologies. 2. What’s the theme of the text? A. Human. B. Technology. C. Culture. D. Nature. √ √ 28 二、佳句应用 1.在我们的日常生活中, 机器人能被用来做很多工作。(be used to do sth.) _______________________________________________________ Robots can be used to do a lot of work in our daily life. 2.明智地使用科技取决于我们, 比如设置屏幕时间限制。 (It’s up to sb. to do sth.) ________________________________________________________________ _______ It’s up to us to use technology wisely, such as setting screen time limits. 29 Passage 2［2025泸州改编］ 1.up to now ______________________ 2.hundreds of ____________ 3.break down ______ 4.with the help of ________________ 5.stop doing sth. ____________ 6.the amount of ____________ 7.throw away ______ 迄今为止; 到目前为止 成百上千的 分解 在……的帮助下 停止做某事 ……的数量 扔掉 30 Plastic waste is an increasingly important problem. Up to now, only 9% of the plastics ever produced have been recycled. The rest remain on earth for hundreds of years. They wash out to the ocean to become rubbish, harm wildlife and break down into small plastics that can enter the human brain and other parts of our bodies. Recently, scientists have developed a new method to break down plastic waste with the help of water in the air. The researchers mixed a special metal and activated carbon(活性炭) with PET, the most common type of polyester(聚酯) plastic. Then they heated the mixture. After a 31 short time, this broke the chemical connections in the polyester. Next, when the team left the material in the air, the mixture turned into TPA, a polyester material, and acetaldehyde, an industrial chemical. Finally, these valuable chemical materials were recycled. After the first success, researchers tested the method on different plastics and found it worked on polyester plastic only. That meant they didn’t need to separate different kinds of plastics. Also, when they added water, it stopped working because the amount(数量) of water in the air was just right. The team’s next plan will be to use the method widely in industry. “It’s hopeful that our technology can hugely reduce plastic pollution, lower the environmental footprint of plastics and help materials be reused instead of being thrown away,” researchers said. “It’s a leap towards a cleaner, greener future, and it shows how creative chemistry can solve world challenges in a way that joins hands with nature.”#5 1.What harm of plastics is mentioned in Paragraph 1? A. Polluting the sea. B. Warming the air. C. Reducing wetland. D. Causing wildfire. 2. How did the team do the research? a. Heat the mixture. b. Leave the mixture in the air. c. Recycle the chemical materials. d. Mix a special metal and activated carbon with PET. A. d-b-a-c B. d-b-c-a C. d-a-b-c D. d-a-c-b √ √ 34 3. What do we know about the method according to the text? a. It works without plastic separation. b. It produces reusable industrial materials. c. It works faster than other methods. d. It helps reduce environmental pollution. A. a, b, c B. b, c, d C. a, b, d D. a, c, d √ 35 4. What is the researchers’ attitude(态度) toward the technology? A. Doubtful. B. Disappointed. C. Indifferent. D. Hopeful. 5.Which can be the best title for the text? A. Turn to plastics for more metals. B. Put plastics into wider farming use. C. Recycle plastics for a cleaner future. D. Improve plastic production in a better way. √ √ 36 Which of the following is an opinion(观点) according to the text? 一、新考法加练 A. PET is the most common type of polyester plastic. B. It’s hopeful that our technology can help materials be reused. C. Up to now, only 9% of the plastics ever produced have been recycled. D. TPA is a polyester material and acetaldehyde is an industrial chemical. √ 37 二、佳句应用 1.一些科学家认为, 让机器人像我们一样思考可能需要数百年。 (hundreds of) ________________________________________________________________ _____________________ Some scientists believe that it may take hundreds of years to make robots think like us. 2.在VR的帮助下, 我们可以在家欣赏世界各地的风景。(with the help of) ________________________________________________________________ ____________________ With the help of VR, we can enjoy beautiful views from all over the world at home. 38 Passage 3［2025湖北改编］ 1.open a door ______ 2.bring changes to ________________ 3.don’t have to ________ 4.as soon as ______________ 5.It’s time for sth. ____________________ 6.offer sb. sth. ________________ 7.add… to… ________________ 开门 给……带来改变 没必要 一……就…… 到做某事的时间了。 给某人提供某物 把……加到…… 39 by camera clear and find we enjoyable online rush way Have you ever used your fingerprint to open a door? Have you ever taken a self-driving taxi on the road? Technologies have brought great changes to our life. Actually, changes can also be 1. _______ in your school. “Now, we don’t have to 2. ______ to the canteen(食堂) as soon as the bell rings,” says Hu Liang, a student from Jiangxi. His school introduced a smart canteen system(系统) this year. Students choose meals 3. _______ first. When it’s time for their orders, they pick up meals 4. ____ using facial recognition(人脸识别) technology. The smart canteen offers students found rush online by 40 5. __________ experiences. At the same time, it helps the school plan meals 6. _____ reduce kitchen waste. Besides providing delicious food, the smart school also tries to help students develop good living habits. Recently, a middle school in Chongqing has used four 7. _________ on the playground to follow students and record how fast they run. They can 8. _______ see the top ten students on the screen. That adds fun to running and makes students compete in an interesting 9. _____. enjoyable and by camera clear and find we enjoyable online rush way way cameras clearly 41 What other exciting technologies could be part of 10. _____ life in the future? Let’s look forward to even more changes!#1.4 our by camera clear and find we enjoyable online rush way 42 一、一材多设 1. How does the writer lead into the topic? A. By telling stories. B. By asking questions. C. By listing numbers. D. By giving examples. √ 43 2. What is the structure of the text? A. B. C. D. √ 44 二、佳句应用 1.DeepSeek一出现就在互联网上引起了广泛关注。(as soon as) ________________________________________________________________ __________ DeepSeek received wide attention on the Internet as soon as it appeared. 2.人工智能可以为我们提供建议, 但我们不能失去独立思考的能力。 (offer sb. sth.) ________________________________________________________________ __________ AI can offer us advice, but we can’t lose the ability to think on our own. 45 $