Unit5 Revealing Nature 课文改编题（阅读理解、完形填空、语法填空）-2025-2026学年高中英语外研版选择性必修第一册

2025年高中英语选修一外研版课文改编题 （阅读理解、完形填空、正确形式填空） Unit 5-1 A journey of discovery 一、阅读理解（共5题） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 The captain of the ship, the Beagle, wanted someone who would"profit by the opportunity of visiting distant countries yet little known".The person who answered the call was not the captain's first choice. It was a young man who had left medical school without completing his degree. What's more, he had recently received a letter from his father predicting that he would be "a disgrace to yourself and all your family". Despite all this, his adventures on this ship would lead to one of the most important scientific discoveries of all time The young man in question, Charles Darwin, was a geologist and naturalist, fascinated by rocks, plants and animals. He left England on the ship, the Beagle, in 1831. The journey gave him the chance to study various living things in their natural environments. After Darwin had spent some time in South America, his room on the ship was crowded with samples of the plants and animals he had collected. As he studied these, he asked himself the question: how did different species come to exist? At that time, people believed that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time, and had not changed since. But Darwin began to think differently. He noticed that some species of animals were very similar to each other. Maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environments? It was just an idea, but enough to inspire Darwin to look for more evidence. When the Beagle reached the Galápagos Islands in 1835, Darwin saw a variety of new species, but it was the birds that interested him the most. Darwin noticed that there was a difference between the finches on each of the islands. It seemed their beaks had evolved according to what food was available on that particular island. Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a common ancestor, which had arrived on the islands a long time before. Over time, it had slowly evolved into many new species. And that was the answer to how new species of plants and animals came to exist: they evolved from earlier ancestors. It was a completely new idea-a theory of evolution. Darwin explained this theory in his book, On the Origin of Species. It was not published until 1859 and immediately caused a storm. Many people refused to believe that living things, including humans, had evolved from lower forms of life. They were shocked. But Darwin's scientific studies were so convincing that more and more people started to believe his theory. Today, On the Origin of Species is regarded as one of the most important works ever written. It has changed ideas about life on Earth forever. And it all began with the journey on the Beagle. 1. Why was Darwin not the captain's first choice for the Beagle journey? A. He had no interest in distant countries. B. He didn't finish his medical degree. C. His father strongly supported his journey. D. He was not a geologist or naturalist. 2. What made Darwin start thinking about the origin of species? A. The samples of plants and animals he collected. B. The captain's question about living things. C. The different environments in England. D. The books he read about evolution. 3. What did Darwin find special about the finches on the Galápagos Islands? A. They had the same beaks on all islands. B. Their beaks changed with available food. C. They were all descendants of different ancestors. D. They couldn't adapt to the island environments. 4. How did people react to Darwin's On the Origin of Species at first? A. They accepted it immediately. B. They thought it was very convincing. C. They refused to believe it and felt shocked. D. They regarded it as the most important book. 5. What can we learn about Darwin's theory of evolution? A. It was based on his journey on the Beagle. B. It was published right after his journey. C. It proved all species appeared at the same time. D. It was not related to the adaptation of living things. 二、完形填空（共15题） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 The captain of the ship, the Beagle, wanted someone who would"profit by the opportunity of visiting distant countries yet little known".The person who answered the call was not the captain's first 1. . It was a young man who had left medical school without completing his degree. What's more, he had recently received a letter from his father predicting that he would be "a 2. to yourself and all your family". Despite all this, his adventures on this ship would lead to one of the most important scientific discoveries of all time The young man in question, Charles Darwin, was a geologist and naturalist, 3. by rocks, plants and animals. He left England on the ship, the Beagle, in 1831. The journey gave him the chance to study various living things in their natural 4. . After Darwin had spent some time in South America, his room on the ship was crowded with samples of the plants and animals he had collected. As he studied these, he asked himself the question: how did different species come to 5. ? At that time, people believed that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time, and had not changed since. But Darwin began to think 6. . He noticed that some species of animals were very similar to each other. Maybe animals evolved as they 7. to their changing environments? It was just an idea, but enough to inspire Darwin to look for more evidence. When the Beagle reached the Galápagos Islands in 1835, Darwin saw a 8. of new species, but it was the birds that interested him the most. Darwin noticed that there was a difference between the finches on each of the islands. It seemed their beaks had evolved according to what food was 9. on that particular island. Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a common ancestor, which had arrived on the islands a long time before. Over time, it had slowly evolved into many new species. And that was the 10. to how new species of plants and animals came to exist: they evolved from earlier ancestors. It was a completely new idea-a theory of evolution. Darwin explained this theory in his book, On the Origin of Species. It was not 11. until 1859 and immediately caused a storm. Many people refused to believe that living things, including humans, had evolved from lower forms of life. They were 12. . But Darwin's scientific studies were so convincing that more and more people started to believe his theory. Today, On the Origin of Species is 13. as one of the most important works ever written. It has changed ideas about life on Earth forever. And it all 14. with the journey on the Beagle. Darwin's story tells us that curiosity and perseverance can lead to great 15. , even in the face of doubt and criticism. 1. A. choice B. decision C. option D. selection 2. A. pride B. honor C. disgrace D. shame 3. A. worried B. fascinated C. confused D. surprised 4. A. homes B. habitats C. environments D. places 5. A. live B. exist C. appear D. grow 6. A. similarly B. differently C. quickly D. slowly 7. A. adapted B. adjusted C. changed D. turned 8. A. kind B. type C. variety D. sort 9. A. possible B. available C. accessible D. ready 10. A. answer B. solution C. key D. way 11. A. written B. finished C. published D. printed 12. A. excited B. shocked C. interested D. satisfied 13. A. looked B. considered C. thought D. regarded 14. A. started B. began C. opened D. launched 15. A. success B. achievements C. progress D. development 三、用所给单词的正确形式填空（共10题） 阅读下面短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整通顺。 The captain of the ship, the Beagle, wanted someone who would"profit by the opportunity of visiting distant countries yet little known".The person who answered the call was not the captain's first choice. It was a young man who had left medical school without completing his degree. What's more, he had recently received a letter from his father predicting that he would be "a disgrace to yourself and all your family". Despite all this, his adventures on this ship would lead to one of the most important scientific 1. (discover) of all time The young man in question, Charles Darwin, was a geologist and naturalist, 2. (fascinate) by rocks, plants and animals. He left England on the ship, the Beagle, in 1831. The journey gave him the chance to study various living things in their natural environments. After Darwin had spent some time in South America, his room on the ship was crowded with samples of the plants and animals he had collected. As he studied these, he asked himself the question: how did different species come to 3. (existence)? At that time, people believed that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time, and had not changed since. But Darwin began to think 4. (different). He noticed that some species of animals were very similar to each other. Maybe animals evolved as they 5. (adapt) to their changing environments? It was just an idea, but enough to inspire Darwin to look for more evidence. When the Beagle reached the Galápagos Islands in 1835, Darwin saw a variety of new species, but it was the birds that interested him the most. Darwin noticed that there was a difference between the finches on each of the islands. It seemed their beaks had evolved according to what food was 6. (avail) on that particular island. Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a common ancestor, which had arrived on the islands a long time before. Over time, it had slowly evolved into many new species. And that was the answer to how new species of plants and animals came to exist: they evolved from earlier ancestors. It was a completely new idea-a theory of evolution. Darwin explained this theory in his book, On the Origin of Species. It was not published until 1859 and immediately caused a storm. Many people refused to believe that living things, including humans, had evolved from lower forms of life. They were 7. (shock). But Darwin's scientific studies were so convincing that more and more people started to believe his theory. Today, On the Origin of Species is regarded as one of the most important works ever written. It has changed ideas about life on Earth forever. And it all began with the journey on the Beagle. Darwin's 8. (science) work has influenced the world greatly. His story also shows that 9. (curious) and perseverance are very important for people to make great achievements. No matter how difficult the situation is, we should stick to our ideas and keep 10. (explore) the unknown. 答案与解析 一、阅读理解 1. B 解析：首段明确他未完成医学学位，不是船长首选。 2. A 解析：第二段提到研究收集的动植物样本让他思考物种起源。 3. B 解析：第四段指出雀类喙的进化与岛上可用食物相关。 4. C 解析：第六段说明书初版时人们拒绝相信且感到震惊。 5. A 解析：末段表明进化论源于他乘坐“贝格尔号”的旅程。 二、完形填空 1. A 解析：呼应首句“不是船长的第一选择”，choice表“选择”。 2. C 解析：父亲预言他会“让自己和家人蒙羞”，disgrace表“耻辱”。 3. B 解析：be fascinated by为固定搭配，表“对……着迷”。 4. C 解析：natural environments表“自然环境”，与原文一致。 5. B 解析：come to exist表“存在”，对应他思考的“物种如何存在”。 6. B 解析：前文说人们想法固定，而他“想法不同”，differently表“不同地”。 7. A 解析：adapt to为固定搭配，表“适应”，动物适应环境而进化。 8. C 解析：a variety of表“各种各样的”，修饰新物种。 9. B 解析：available表“可获得的”，喙的进化取决于可获得的食物。 10. A 解析：the answer to表“……的答案”，对应物种起源的答案。 11. C 解析：书“1859年才出版”，published表“出版”。 12. B 解析：人们拒绝相信进化论，感到“震惊”，shocked表“震惊的”。 13. D 解析：be regarded as为固定搭配，表“被视为”。 14. B 解析：begin with表“始于”，与末句“源于贝格尔号旅程”呼应。 15. B 解析：好奇心和坚持能带来巨大“成就”，achievements表“成就”。 三、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. discoveries 解析：one of后接名词复数，discover变discoveries。 2. fascinated 解析：过去分词作后置定语，表“对……着迷的”。 3. exist 解析：come to后接动词原形，existence变动词exist。 4. differently 解析：副词修饰动词think，different变differently。 5. adapted 解析：全文为过去时，用adapt的过去式adapted。 6. available 解析：be后接形容词，avail变available（可获得的）。 7. shocked 解析：feel后接-ed形容词，shock变shocked（震惊的）。 8. scientific 解析：形容词修饰名词work，science变scientific。 9. curiosity 解析：名词作主语，curious变curiosity（好奇心）。 10. exploring 解析：keep doing sth.，用explore的动名词exploring。 Unit 5-2 The secret languages of plants Talking plants have long been a thing of myths and legends. Many cultures have stories of talking trees that give advice as well as warnings to people. Alexander the Great and Marco Polo were said to have visited such a tree in India. And in some modern stories, such as the film Avatar, trees can communicate with animals and people. With us long believing that talking plants are fantasy, new research has revealed something amazing: it appears that plants can communicate after all. It has been known for some time that plants use chemicals to communicate with each other This happens when a plant, say a bean plant, gets attacked by insects. The plant releases tiny amounts of chemicals from the leaves that are being eaten. This is like a warning, or a call for help: "I'm being attacked!" When another bean plant detects the chemicals from its injured neighbour, it starts to release its own, different chemicals. Some of these chemicals drive insects away. Others attract insects-the wasps! Te wasps kill the insects that are eating the bean plants. Scientists hope to learn more about this plant warning system, so that we can use it to grow crops without pesticides. More surprisingly, plants also use sound to communicate. People can't hear these sounds, but plants are making them, Some plants make noises with their roots. Corn and chilli plants do this. They also “listen" to the noises from other plants. A chilli plant can tell if a neighbouring plant is helpful, or unfriendly. Some trees make clicking noises when there is not enough water, indicating drought is arriving. Most surprisingly of all, plants have an amazing system of communication that can link nearly every plant in a forest. Scientists call this system the "wood wide web".It is in some ways similar to the Internet we use. While the Internet is a worldwide network of computers linked by cables and satellites, the wood wide web is linked underground by fungi. This fungal network links the roots of different plants to each other. Using the wood wide web, plants can share information and even food with each other. For example, some pine trees can send food to smaller pine trees to help them grow. But just like our own Internet, the wood wide web has its own version of "cybercrime". Plants can steal food from each other, or spread poisons to attack other plants. Perhaps one day scientists will learn how to create a "firewall" to help prevent these attacks within the wood wide web. Scientists are learning more every day about the secret ways in which plants talk to each other. Who knows? Maybe one day we will know enough about plant communication to be able to"talk" with them ourselves. 一、阅读理解（共5题） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 Talking plants have long been a thing of myths and legends. Many cultures have stories of talking trees that give advice as well as warnings to people. Alexander the Great and Marco Polo were said to have visited such a tree in India. And in some modern stories, such as the film Avatar, trees can communicate with animals and people. With us long believing that talking plants are fantasy, new research has revealed something amazing: it appears that plants can communicate after all. It has been known for some time that plants use chemicals to communicate with each other. This happens when a plant, say a bean plant, gets attacked by insects. The plant releases tiny amounts of chemicals from the leaves that are being eaten. This is like a warning, or a call for help: "I'm being attacked!" When another bean plant detects the chemicals from its injured neighbour, it starts to release its own, different chemicals. Some of these chemicals drive insects away. Others attract insects—the wasps! The wasps kill the insects that are eating the bean plants. Scientists hope to learn more about this plant warning system, so that we can use it to grow crops without pesticides. More surprisingly, plants also use sound to communicate. People can't hear these sounds, but plants are making them. Some plants make noises with their roots. Corn and chilli plants do this. They also “listen" to the noises from other plants. A chilli plant can tell if a neighbouring plant is helpful, or unfriendly. Some trees make clicking noises when there is not enough water, indicating drought is arriving. Most surprisingly of all, plants have an amazing system of communication that can link nearly every plant in a forest. Scientists call this system the "wood wide web".It is in some ways similar to the Internet we use. While the Internet is a worldwide network of computers linked by cables and satellites, the wood wide web is linked underground by fungi. This fungal network links the roots of different plants to each other. Using the wood wide web, plants can share information and even food with each other. For example, some pine trees can send food to smaller pine trees to help them grow. But just like our own Internet, the wood wide web has its own version of "cybercrime". Plants can steal food from each other, or spread poisons to attack other plants. Perhaps one day scientists will learn how to create a "firewall" to help prevent these attacks within the wood wide web. Scientists are learning more every day about the secret ways in which plants talk to each other. Who knows? Maybe one day we will know enough about plant communication to be able to"talk" with them ourselves. 1. What does the underlined word "this" in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. Beans being attacked by insects. B. Plants using chemicals to communicate. C. Wasps killing harmful insects. D. Growing crops without pesticides. 2. How do corn and chilli plants communicate? A. By releasing chemicals. B. By making sounds with roots. C. By sharing food through fungi. D. By sending warnings to trees. 3. What is the "wood wide web"? A. A network of plants linked by fungi underground. B. An Internet system used by scientists to study plants. C. A type of fungus that grows on tree roots. D. A warning system that prevents plant attacks. 4. Which of the following is an example of "cybercrime" in the wood wide web? A. Pine trees sending food to smaller ones. B. Plants attracting wasps to kill insects. C. Plants stealing food from each other. D. Trees making noises to indicate drought. 5. What can we infer from the passage? A. Plants will soon be able to talk to humans directly. B. The wood wide web is exactly the same as the Internet. C. Plant communication may help reduce pesticide use. D. All plants can communicate with each other through sound. 二、完形填空（共15题） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 Talking plants have long been a thing of myths and legends. Many cultures have stories of talking trees that give advice as well as 1. to people. Alexander the Great and Marco Polo were said to have visited such a tree in India. And in some modern stories, such as the film Avatar, trees can communicate with animals and people. With us long believing that talking plants are fantasy, new research has 2. something amazing: it appears that plants can communicate after all. It has been known for some time that plants use chemicals to communicate with each other. This happens when a plant, say a bean plant, gets 3. by insects. The plant releases tiny amounts of chemicals from the leaves that are being eaten. This is like a warning, or a call for help: "I'm being attacked!" When another bean plant detects the chemicals from its injured neighbour, it starts to release its own, 4. chemicals. Some of these chemicals drive insects away. Others attract insects—the wasps! The wasps kill the insects that are eating the bean plants. Scientists hope to learn more about this plant warning system, so that we can use it to grow crops without 5. . More surprisingly, plants also use sound to communicate. People can't hear these sounds, but plants are making them. Some plants make 6. with their roots. Corn and chilli plants do this. They also “listen" to the noises from other plants. A chilli plant can tell if a neighbouring plant is helpful, or 7. . Some trees make clicking noises when there is not enough water, indicating drought is arriving. Most surprisingly of all, plants have an amazing system of communication that can 8. nearly every plant in a forest. Scientists call this system the "wood wide web".It is in some ways similar to the Internet we use. While the Internet is a worldwide network of computers linked by cables and satellites, the wood wide web is linked underground by 9. . This fungal network links the roots of different plants to each other. Using the wood wide web, plants can share information and even food with each other. For example, some pine trees can send food to smaller pine trees to help them grow. But just like our own Internet, the wood wide web has its own 10. of "cybercrime". Plants can steal food from each other, or spread poisons to attack other plants. Perhaps one day scientists will learn how to create a "firewall" to help 11. these attacks within the wood wide web. Scientists are learning more every day about the 12. ways in which plants talk to each other. Who knows? Maybe one day we will know enough about plant communication to be able to"talk" with them 13. . The discovery of plant communication has changed our understanding of plants. They are not just silent organisms that grow in the soil; they are 14. of a complex communication network. This research also shows that nature is full of surprises, and there is still so much we need to 15. about the world around us. 1. A. suggestions B. warnings C. messages D. information 2. A. found B. discovered C. revealed D. invented 3. A. attacked B. hurt C. damaged D. injured 4. A. same B. similar C. different D. special 5. A. chemicals B. fertilizers C. pesticides D. medicines 6. A. sounds B. noises C. voices D. cries 7. A. kind B. friendly C. helpful D. unfriendly 8. A. connect B. link C. join D. combine 9. A. roots B. fungi C. cables D. satellites 10. A. type B. kind C. version D. sort 11. A. stop B. prevent C. avoid D. protect 12. A. open B. obvious C. secret D. public 13. A. ourselves B. themselves C. itself D. yourselves 14. A. parts B. members C. pieces D. units 15. A. learn B. study C. know D. understand 三、用所给单词的正确形式填空（共10题） 阅读下面短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整通顺。 Talking plants have long been a thing of myths and legends. Many cultures have stories of talking trees that give advice as well as warnings to people. Alexander the Great and Marco Polo were said to have visited such a tree in India. And in some modern stories, such as the film Avatar, trees can communicate with animals and people. With us long believing that talking plants are fantasy, new research has revealed something amazing: it appears that plants can communicate after all. It has been known for some time that plants use chemicals to communicate with each other. This happens when a plant, say a bean plant, gets 1. (attack) by insects. The plant releases tiny amounts of chemicals from the leaves that are being eaten. This is like a warning, or a call for help: "I'm being attacked!" When another bean plant detects the chemicals from its injured neighbour, it starts to release its own, different chemicals. Some of these chemicals drive insects away. Others attract insects—the wasps! The wasps kill the insects that are eating the bean plants. Scientists hope to learn more about this plant warning system, so that we can use it to grow crops without 2. (pesticide). More surprisingly, plants also use sound to communicate. People can't hear these sounds, but plants are making them. Some plants make 3. (noise) with their roots. Corn and chilli plants do this. They also “listen" to the noises from other plants. A chilli plant can tell if a neighbouring plant is helpful, or unfriendly. Some trees make clicking noises when there is not enough water, 4. (indicate) drought is arriving. Most surprisingly of all, plants have an amazing system of communication that can link nearly every plant in a forest. Scientists call this system the "wood wide web".It is in some ways similar to the Internet we use. While the Internet is a worldwide network of computers linked by cables and satellites, the wood wide web is linked underground by 5. (fungus). This fungal network links the roots of different plants to each other. Using the wood wide web, plants can share information and even food with each other. For example, some pine trees can send food to smaller pine trees to help them grow. But just like our own Internet, the wood wide web has its own version of "cybercrime". Plants can steal food from each other, or spread poisons to attack other plants. Perhaps one day scientists will learn how to create a "firewall" to help prevent these 6. (attack) within the wood wide web. Scientists are learning more every day about the secret ways in which plants talk to each other. Who knows? Maybe one day we will know enough about plant communication to be able to"talk" with them 7. (we). The discovery of plant communication has changed our 8. (understand) of plants. They are not just silent organisms that grow in the soil; they are part of a complex communication network. This research also shows that nature is full of 9. (surprise), and there is still so much we need to learn about the world around us. Studying plant communication helps us realize how 10. (complexity) and wonderful nature is. 答案与解析 一、阅读理解 1. B 解析：第三段this指代前文“植物用化学物质交流”的现象。 2. B 解析：第四段明确玉米和辣椒通过根部发出声音交流。 3. A 解析：第五段指出“木网”是真菌连接地下植物的网络。 4. C 解析：第五段提到植物互相偷食物是“网络犯罪”例子。 5. C 解析：第三段说明研究植物预警系统可减少杀虫剂使用。 二、完形填空 1. B 解析：呼应首段“会说话的树给出建议和警告”，warnings表“警告”。 2. C 解析：新研究“揭示”惊人发现，revealed与原文一致。 3. A 解析：植物被昆虫“攻击”时释放化学物质，attacked表“攻击”。 4. C 解析：邻近植物释放“不同的”化学物质，与原文different一致。 5. C 解析：利用植物预警系统种植作物可不用“杀虫剂”。 6. B 解析：植物用根部发出“声响”，noises表“声音（泛指）”。 7. D 解析：与helpful对应，指植物能分辨邻居“不友好”。 8. B 解析：link nearly every plant表“连接几乎所有植物”，与原文一致。 9. B 解析：“木网”通过“真菌”在地下连接，fungi表“真菌”。 10. C 解析：“木网”有自己“版本”的网络犯罪，version与原文一致。 11. B 解析：创建防火墙“阻止”攻击，prevent与原文prevent呼应。 12. C 解析：植物交流的“秘密”方式，secret与原文secret一致。 13. A 解析：“我们自己”能和植物交流，ourselves表“我们自己”。 14. B 解析：植物是复杂交流网络的“成员”，members表“成员”。 15. A 解析：我们仍有很多需要“学习”的，learn表“学习”。 三、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. attacked 解析：被动语态，get attacked表“被攻击”。 2. pesticides 解析：此处指“杀虫剂”，用复数表泛指。 3. noises 解析：make noises为固定搭配，表“发出声响”。 4. indicating 解析：现在分词作伴随状语，表“表明”。 5. fungi 解析：fungus的复数形式为fungi，表“多种真菌”。 6. attacks 解析：these后接名词复数，attack变attacks。 7. ourselves 解析：反身代词作同位语，表“我们自己”。 8. understanding 解析：形容词性物主代词our后接名词，understand变understanding。 9. surprises 解析：be full of后接名词复数，surprise变surprises。 10. complex 解析：形容词修饰and后的wonderful，complexity变complex。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $