Unit 5 Revealing nature词性转换，核心单词，语法，短语，知识点复习题-2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第一册单元重难点易错题精练（外研版2019）

Unit 5 Revealing nature 重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习 (知识点全覆盖) 单词变形 1. ____________v.探索；勘探；探究→____________n.探索；探究；勘探→____________n.探险家；勘探者 2. ____________n.神秘的事物；谜；神秘气氛→____________adj.神秘的；难以理解的 3. ____________v.观察；观测；遵守；注意到→____________n.观察；观测；观察力→____________n.观察者；观测者 4. ____________v.分析→____________n.分析→____________adj.分析的；解析的 5. ____________n.证据；证明；迹象→____________adj.明显的；明白的→____________adv.明显地；显然 6. ____________v.推断出；得出结论；结束→____________n.结论；推论；结尾 7. ____________v.预言；预测；预告→____________n.预言；预测 8. ____________n.现象（复数：____________）→____________adj.非凡的；显著的；现象的 9. ____________v.存在；生存；生活→____________n.存在；生存→____________adj.存在的；现存的 10. ____________v.使适应；改编→____________n.适应；改编；改编本→____________adj.适应的；有适应能力的 11. ____________v.生存；存活；幸存→____________n.生存；幸存；幸存者→____________n.幸存者；生还者 12. ____________v.威胁；危及→____________n.威胁；恐吓→____________adj.威胁的；恐吓的 13. ____________v.保护；防护→____________n.保护；防护→____________adj.保护的；防护的 14. ____________v.保护；保存；节约→____________n.保护；保存；节约→____________adj.保守的；守旧的 n.保守派；守旧者 15. ____________n.益处；好处 v.使受益；得益于→____________adj.有益的；有利的 【答案】 1. explore v.探索；勘探；探究→exploration n.探索；探究；勘探→explorer n.探险家；勘探者 2. mystery n.神秘的事物；谜；神秘气氛→mysterious adj.神秘的；难以理解的 3. observe v.观察；观测；遵守；注意到→observation n.观察；观测；观察力→observer n.观察者；观测者 4. analyze v.分析→analysis n.分析→analytical adj.分析的；解析的 5. evidence n.证据；证明；迹象→evident adj.明显的；明白的→evidently adv.明显地；显然 6. conclude v.推断出；得出结论；结束→conclusion n.结论；推论；结尾 7. predict v.预言；预测；预告→prediction n.预言；预测 8. phenomenon n.现象（复数：phenomena）→phenomenal adj.非凡的；显著的；现象的 9. exist v.存在；生存；生活→existence n.存在；生存→existent adj.存在的；现存的 10. adapt v.使适应；改编→adaptation n.适应；改编；改编本→adaptive adj.适应的；有适应能力的 11. survive v.生存；存活；幸存→survival n.生存；幸存；幸存者→survivor n.幸存者；生还者 12. threaten v.威胁；危及→threat n.威胁；恐吓→threatening adj.威胁的；恐吓的 13. protect v.保护；防护→protection n.保护；防护→protective adj.保护的；防护的 14. conserve v.保护；保存；节约→conservation n.保护；保存；节约→conservative adj.保守的；守旧的 n.保守派；守旧者 15. benefit n.益处；好处 v.使受益；得益于→beneficial adj.有益的；有利的 核心单词 1．disgrace n．丢脸，耻辱 2．beak n．鸟嘴，喙 3．suspect v．猜想，怀疑，觉得 4．ancestor n．(动物的)原种，祖先 5．evolution n．进化(论) 6．generate v．产生，创造 7．tortoise n．陆龟 8．primitive adj.原始的，低等的 9．goat n．山羊 10．giant adj.巨大的，特大的 11．giant tortoise巨型陆龟 12．comb-like adj.梳状的 13．myth n．(古代的)神话 14．legend n．传说，传奇(故事) 15．pesticide n．杀虫剂，农药 16．cybercrime n．网络犯罪 17．seed n．种子，籽 18．sample n．样本 19．characteristic n．特征，特性 20．decline v．减少 21．blame v．责怪，指责；把……归咎于 22．worldwide adv.遍及全世界 23．root n．根 24．link v．把……联系起来；连接 25．centimetre n．厘米 一、语法填空 1．A representative (sample) is crucial for valid results. 【答案】sample 【详解】考查名词。句意：具有代表性的样本对获得有效结果至关重要。空格处需作主语，且被形容词representative修饰，因此需用所给词sample的名词形式，sample本身可作名词，意为“样本”，a representative sample为常见搭配，意为“代表性样本”。故填sample。 2．Organic farming avoids synthetic (pesticide). 【答案】pesticides 【详解】考查名词。句意：有机农业避免使用合成农药。pesticide为可数名词，泛指多种农药，用复数形式pesticides作宾语。故填pesticides。 3．By the end of last year, they (treat) over 800 patients. 【答案】had treated 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：到去年年底，他们已经治疗了800多名病人。根据上文“By the end of last year(到去年年底之前)”可知，本句时间是指“过去的过去”，所以本句时态用过去完成时。故填had treated。 4．The Indians used to put their ears to the ground to hear a (distance) noise. 【答案】distant 【详解】考查形容词。句意：印第安人过去常常把耳朵贴在地上，听远处的声音。空处修饰noise，应用形容词。distant意为“远处的”。故填distant。 5．Long-lasting friendships share the (character) that both sides equally contact and share with one another. 【答案】characteristic 【详解】考查名词。句意：持久的友谊具有双方平等接触和分享的特点。名词characteristic (特征、特点)作宾语，单数含义。故填characteristic。 6．Judging from his nervous expression, the police suspected him (be) a thief. 【答案】to be 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从他紧张的表情看，警察怀疑他是个小偷。suspect sb. to do sth. 为固定短语，意为“怀疑某人做某事”。故填to be。 7．Jerry is a biologist. She is occupied (detect) insects every year. 【答案】detecting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：杰瑞是一位生物学家。她每年都忙着观察昆虫。本句谓语为is，此处为非谓语动词，be occupied (in) doing sth.意为“忙于做某事”，in可以省略，所以此处应用detect“查明，侦察”的动名词形式detecting，作宾语。故填detecting。 8．He was regarded as the most remarkable scientist in this (evolve) field of all time. 【答案】evolution 【详解】考查名词。句意：他一直被认为是进化论领域最杰出的科学家。根据句意及空后名词field可知，句中表示“进化论领域”，设空处应用名词evolution作定语修饰field。故填evolution。 9．A giant tail is one of the animal’s (characteristic). 【答案】characteristics 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：巨大的尾巴是这种动物的特征之一。“one of + 名词复数”表示“……之一”，因此此处应该使用characteristic“特征”的复数形式characteristics。故填characteristics。 10．The three (generate) are all fond of the old singer. 【答案】generations 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：这三代人都喜欢这位老歌唱家。空处被The three修饰，作主语，generate的名词形式generation符合题意，意为“一代人”，根据“three”可知，generation应用复数形式。故填generations。 11．They began as a modestly successful musician group and ended the year as show business (legend). 【答案】legends 【详解】考查名词单复数。句意：他们起初是一个小有成就的音乐组合，到年底时发展为商业表演的传奇。复数名词legends作宾语。故填legends。 12．My sister is 165 (centimetre) tall with long beautiful hair. 【答案】centimetres 【详解】考查名词单复数。句意：我妹妹身高165厘米，留着长而漂亮的头发。根据165可知，使用名词的复数形式。故填centimetres。 13．It has no (detect) effect on the program output. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】detectable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：它对程序输出没有可检测的影响。修饰名词effect用形容词detectable，作定语，表示“可检测的”。故填detectable。 14．Miss Brown was the next person (rise) to speak. 【答案】to rise 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：布朗小姐是下一个站起来发言的人。the next修饰名词，后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to rise。 15．None of us is entirely (blame) in this matter. 【答案】blameless 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在这件事上我们没有一个人是完全没有过错的。空处应填形容词作表语，blameless“无可指责的”，形容词，故填blameless。 16．This is her (ancestor) home. 【答案】ancestral 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这是她的祖屋。空处修饰名词home，应填形容词作定语，故填ancestral。 17．The security department suspected him of (give) information to a foreign company. 【答案】giving 【详解】考查动名词。句意：安全部门怀疑他向一家外国公司提供信息。介词of后接动名词形式作宾语，构成短语suspect sb. of doing sth.，意为“怀疑某人干某事”。故填giving。 18．I’m (convince) that the only thing that kept me going was what I loved what I did. 【答案】convinced 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我深信唯一让我坚持下去的就是我对所做事情的热爱。结合句中的“I’m”可知，后面需要跟形容词作表语，所给词convince的形容词形式为convinced“坚信的，确信的”，构成短语be convinced that，意为“确信，承认”。故填convinced。 19．Though he has run deep into trouble, he remains quite (peace) in his heart. 【答案】peaceful 【详解】考查形容词。句意：虽然他深陷困境，但他内心仍然非常平静。空处应使用形容词形式，作表语，根据句中Though he has run deep into trouble可知，此处表示尽管身陷困境，但内心仍然平静，所以空处应用形容词peaceful，表示“内心平静的”。故填peaceful。 20．A classmate told me she (see) my friend chatting with another girl in a café on Saturday afternoon. 【答案】had seen 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：一个同学告诉我，她在星期六下午看到我的朋友和另一个女孩在咖啡馆聊天。空处是宾语从句的谓语动词，根据主句谓语动词“told”可知，同学告诉“我”这件事发生在过去，see“看到”这个动作发生在told“告诉”之前，即从句动作发生在过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故填had seen。 21．Natural (evolve) could take thousands of years and is extremely slow. 【答案】evolution 【详解】考查名词。句意：自然进化可能需要数千年，而且非常缓慢。分析句子可知，“Natural”为形容词，空格处应用名词，作主语，“evolution”意为“进化”，为不可数名词。故填evolution。 22．The TV network and the telephone network can (link) to the Internet now. 【答案】be linked 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：电视网络和电话网络现在可以连接到互联网。空前和情态动词can构成句子的谓语。该动词和主语之间为被动关系，所以用can be linked的结构。故填be linked。 23．In his diary, this science fiction writer hints that no one can foresee the prospect of artificial (intelligent) and how it will evolve. 【答案】intelligence 【详解】考查名词。句意：在他的日记中，这位科幻作家暗示，没有人能预见人工智能的前景以及它将如何发展。由空前artificial为形容词可知，此处为名词形式。故填intelligence。 24．We all agreed that it was you rather than he that (be) to blame for the accident. 【答案】were 【详解】考查强调句型、时态和主谓一致。句意：我们都认为是你而不是他应该为这次事故负责。“it was you rather than he that (be) to blame for the accident”是强调句型，被强调部分you rather than he是原句主语，提示词be作谓语，讲述过去的事情用一般过去时态，主语后有rather than连接的附加结构，遵循就远原则，谓语动词的人称和数由主语you决定，用复数。故填were。 25．In her book, Anna described how his experience inspired her (become) a medical scientist. 【答案】to become 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在她的书中，安娜描述了他的经历如何激励她成为一名医学科学家。inspire sb. to do sth. (激励某人做某事)，become用不定式形式作宾补。故填to become。   26．The (declare) of Independence was adopted by Congress on 4 July, 1776. 【答案】Declaration 【详解】考查名词。句意：1776年7月4日，国会通过了《独立宣言》。此处使用名词declaration“宣言”，作主语，专有名词，首字母大写。故填Declaration。 27．Hearing the unexpected news, Mary froze with shock, as if (root) to the spot. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】rooted 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：听到这个意外的消息,玛丽呆住了,动弹不得。本句为状语从句的省略，还原后为：as if he was rooted，省略了he was。故填rooted。 28．His parents as well as he (be) kind to me. 【答案】are 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：他父母和他都对我很好。陈述事实用一般现在时，且主语后接介词短语as well as，不影响主语的人称和数，谓语动词应根据主语parents的人称和数来确定，即谓语用复数。故填are。 29．I doubt whether Mr Bates is directly (link) with the crime. 【答案】linked 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我怀疑贝茨先生是否与犯罪有直接关系。此处表示“与……联系”短语为be linked with。故填linked。 30． (surprise), we caught the honest boy stealing money from others. 【答案】Surprisingly 【详解】考查副词。句意：令人惊讶的是，我们发现那个诚实的男孩在偷别人的钱。分析句子可知，空处应填副词Surprisingly“令人惊讶的是”作句子状语，位于句首首字母大写。故填Surprisingly。 二、单词拼写 31．Due to preparing for my final exam, I have no alternative but to (拒绝) your invitation. 【答案】decline 【详解】考查动词。句意：由于要准备期末考试，我别无选择，只能拒绝你的邀请。根据汉语提示“拒绝”可知，此处为动词decline，have no alternative but to do sth.为固定短语，意为“别无选择，只能做某事”，空处需填动词原形。故填decline。 32．We should pay attention to the noise (产生) by the machines in the factory. 【答案】generated 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们应当留意工厂里机器所产生的噪音。根据汉语提示可知用动词generate，句中已有谓语should pay，空处作非谓语动词，generate与noise构成被动关系，故用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填generated。 33．Policemen can find the same or similar DNA to track down (嫌疑人) and victims.   【答案】suspects 【详解】考查名词。句意：警察可以找到相同或相似的DNA来追踪嫌疑人和受害者。“嫌疑人”作宾语，用名词suspect，根据并列宾语victims可推知，不是特指某一个嫌疑人或者受害者，要用复数形式表泛指。故填suspects。 34．Centuries later, we continue to benefit from the wisdom of our (祖先). 【答案】ancestors 【详解】考查名词。句意：几个世纪后，我们继续受益于祖先的智慧。根据汉语提示“祖先”以及空前的形容词性物主代词our可知，此处应填可数名词ancestor，结合语境，这里指多个祖先，可知应用复数形式。故填ancestors。 35．These letters obviously helped sow the (种子) of love between the two. 【答案】seeds 【详解】考查名词。句意：显然，这些信件在两人之间播下了爱情的种子。此处用名词seed，作宾语。sow the seeds“播种”是固定短语。故填seeds。 36．The research team collected a large (样品) of blood from the patients for further analysis. 【答案】sample 【详解】考查名词。句意：研究团队从患者身上采集了大量血液样品用于进一步分析。根据汉语提示“样品”，以及上文 a large 可知此处应填可数名词单数作宾语，“样品”对应的英文名词是sample。故填sample。 37．Hot days are (典型的，特有的) weather of the summer months. 【答案】characteristic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：炎热的日子是夏季的典型天气。根据汉语提示“典型的，特有的”可知，空格处应用单词“characteristic”，意为“典型的，特有的”，形容词词性，作定语。故填characteristic。 38．He had (刻写，雕刻) his name on the tree. 【答案】carved 【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：他在树上刻下了自己的名字。根据汉语提示“刻写，雕刻”可知，空格处涉及单词“carve”，意为“刻写，雕刻”，动词词性，根据句意和句中“had”可知，句子为过去完成时，空格处应用“carve”的过去分词“carved”。故填carved。 39．These (原始的) artworks offer us a glimpse into the creativity of early civilizations. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】primitive 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这些原始的艺术品让我们得以一窥早期文明的创造力。根据汉语提示“原始的” 可知，此处应用形容词primitive，作前置定语，修饰名词artworks。故填primitive。 40．As we all know, Lang Ping is a living (传奇) of sports in the world. 【答案】legend 【详解】考查名词。句意：众所周知，郎平是世界体育界的传奇人物。“传奇”为legend，a后用名词单数，作表语。故填legend。 41．Are you saying there might be (原始的) life on the island? 【答案】primitive 【详解】考查形容词。句意：你是说岛上可能有原始生命吗？名词 life 前用形容词修饰。形容词“原始的”英文为primitive。根据汉语提示及句意，故填primitive。 42． (原始的) tools, like stone axes and wooden spears, helped early humans hunt animals and build simple shelters. 【答案】Primitive 【详解】考查形容词。句意：原始工具，如石斧和木矛，帮助早期人类狩猎动物和建造简单的庇护所。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“原始的”应用primitive，为形容词，在本句中作定语修饰后面名词，且句首时首字母应大写。故填Primitive。 43．It’s not good enough just to (责备) children. 【答案】blame 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：仅仅责备孩子是不够的。根据句意和汉语提示可知，应填blame“责备”，it是形式主语，不定式作真正的主语，故填动词原形，故填blame。 44．The nutritionists claimed that they (发现) a new and nutritious type of food. (根据汉语意思填空) 【答案】had discovered 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：营养学家声称他们发现了一种新的有营养的食物。表示“发现”用动词discover；同时主句为一般过去时claimed，从句动作“发现”发生在主句动作之前，因此使用过去完成时。故填had discovered。 45．The event will be relayed to a (巨大的) TV screen a mile away. 【答案】giant 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这一事件将在一英里外的巨型电视屏幕上转播。根据汉语提示可知应用形容词giant，作定语修饰名词screen。故填giant。 三、完成句子 46．数周以来，失业的威胁一直笼罩着她，直到她最终在另一家公司找到了新职位。 The threat of losing her job had her for weeks, until she ended up landing a new job in a different company. 【答案】 hung over 【详解】考查动词短语。根据所给中文句子和英文翻译可知，需翻译部分是“笼罩”，此处用动词短语：hang over意为“悬浮在……之上”，根据空前的had可知，用过去完成时，空处应填过去分词形式。故填①hung，②over。 47．当我终于写完文章时，获胜的念头已经被写作的乐趣所取代。 When I finally finished the essay, the thought of winning had to the enjoyment of writing. 【答案】 given way 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。表示“被……所取代”应用介词短语give way to，结合“had”可知，空处需填过去分词构成过去完成时。故填①given；②way。 48．我本打算昨天给你字典的，但我忘记把它带来了。 I you the dictionary yesterday, but I forgot to bring it here. 【答案】had meant to give 【详解】考查虚拟语气。“打算做某事”mean to do sth.，“给”give，结合语意可知，说话人本打算把字典给对方，但计划未实现，动词intend用过去完成时态表示“本打算实现而未实现的计划”。故填had intended to give。 49．I poured some water . 我在盆子里倒入一些水。 【答案】into the basin 【详解】考查介词和名词。对比中英文可知，空处表示“倒入盆子里”，可用动词短语pour sth. into sth.表示“往……里倒……”，“盆子”可用basin，作into的宾语，此处为特指，用定冠词the修饰。故填into the basin。 50．One day I a basin. 一天，我把一些向日葵种子埋进一个盆子里。 【答案】buried some seeds of sunflowers into 【详解】考查动词短语和名词短语。对比中英文可知，空处表示“把一些向日葵种子埋进”，“把……埋进……”可用动词短语bury sth. into sth.，“一些向日葵种子”可用名词短语some seeds of sunflowers，结合“One day”可知，此处描述过去发生的事，时态应用一般过去时，bury需用过去式的形式。故填buried some seeds of sunflowers into。 51．It was the kind captain . 是那位善良的船长给了这个年轻人这样一个珍贵的机会。 【答案】that/who gave the young man such a precious opportunity 【详解】考查强调句式和时态。本句使用强调句结构：it be+被强调部分+that或者who+其他部分，被强调部分the kind captain指人，使用that或者who均可，根据句中was可知，句子陈述过去的动作，用一般过去时，“给了这个年轻人这样一个珍贵的机会”为give the young man such a precious opportunity，动词使用过去式形式。故填that/who gave the young man such a precious opportunity。 52．Do further research . 如有必要，做进一步的研究。 【答案】if necessary 【详解】考查省略句。表示“如果有必要”应用if necessary，完整的句子是if it is necssary，省略了it is。故填if necessary。 53．They stood there for half an hour, . 他们在那儿站了半小时，观察着天上的星星。 【答案】watching the stars in the sky 【详解】考查非谓语动词、名词和介词短语。根据句意以及句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作伴随状语，动词watch“看”和逻辑主语They为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式；表示“星星”为名词the stars；表示“在天上”应为介词短语in the sky。故填watching the stars in the sky。 54．就在我们的房子前面，有一棵有一千年历史的大树。 a tall tree with a history of 1,000 years. 【答案】Just in front of our house stands 【详解】考查倒装句、介词短语和动词。表示“就在我们的房子前面”为just in front of our house，表示“有”可以理解为“位于(某处)”为动词stand，该句描述的是客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语a tall tree为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为stands，表方位的介词短语位于句首，所以句子使用全部倒装结构，将谓语动词提到主语之前。故填Just in front of our house stands。 55． some parents, who came here for some reason. 教室后面坐着一些家长，他们是因为某种原因来这儿的。 【答案】At the back of the classroom sat 【详解】考查介词短语和倒装。根据定语从句中的came可知，主句的时态应该用一般过去时；“教室后面坐着一些家长”正常语序翻译为some parents sat at the back of the classroom，根据空格后的some parents可知，此处应该把表地点的介词短语at the back of the classroom提到句首，句子用完全倒装。故填At the back of the classroom sat。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When cultures meet, not just their language or clothing may be different. Often their food will be 56 (great) different too. People on both sides can discover new chances for trading. This text 57 (tell) how some common food plants spread around the world. As early as 5,000 BC, 58 (potato) were traded in South America as a valuable type of food. They were 59 (take) to Europe in the 1500s and their use soon spread across it. Tea drinking started in China. By the early 1600s, traders had begun to ship tea from China to Europe. Tea drinking soon   60 (become) fashionable there but because 61 its high price, it remained a drink for the wealthy. Sugar cane (甘蔗) was first used to produce 62 kind of sweet juice over 8,000 years ago on the island of New Guinea. Its use soon spread across South East Asia and then to the 63 (wide) world. Cocoa was used to make a cold, spicy drink in Central America over 3,000 years ago. The Europeans brought it back with 64 (they) in the 1520s and added sugar to make the sweet, hot drink we know today. 65 it’s expensive, many people still love it. 【答案】 56．greatly 57．tells 58．potatoes 59．taken 60．became 61．of 62．a 63．wider 64．them 65．Although/Though 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了不同食物植物在全球的传播历史，包括土豆、茶、甘蔗和可可的贸易与文化影响。 56．考查副词。句意：通常他们的食物也会有很大不同。修饰形容词different，应用great的副词形式greatly，作状语。故填greatly。 57．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这篇文章讲述了某些常见的食用植物是如何传播到世界各地的。文章描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语This text是单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填tells。 58．考查名词复数。句意：早在公元前5,000年，土豆就在南美洲作为一种有价值的食物进行交易。根据谓语动词were可知，主语应用复数形式，表泛指。故填potatoes。 59．考查被动语态。句意：它们在16世纪被带到欧洲，很快就在欧洲各地传播开来。主语They（指代potatoes）与take之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，空前已有were，此处用过去分词taken。故填taken。 60．考查动词时态。句意：喝茶很快在那里成为时尚，但由于价格昂贵，它仍然是富人的饮品。根据句意及后文remained可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填became。 61．考查介词。句意：喝茶很快在那里成为时尚，但由于价格昂贵，它仍然是富人的饮品。because of为固定短语，意为“因为，由于”，后接名词。故填of。 62．考查冠词。句意：八千多年前，甘蔗首次在新几内亚岛上被用来生产一种甜汁。kind是可数名词，此处表示泛指“一种甜汁”，应用不定冠词，且kind发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。 63．考查形容词比较级。句意：它的使用很快传遍了东南亚，然后传遍了更广阔的世界。根据语境可知，此处指从东南亚传到更广阔的世界，应用比较级wider。故填wider。 64．考查代词。句意：欧洲人在16世纪20年代把它带回来，并加入糖，制成了我们今天所知道的甜热饮。此处作介词with的宾语，应用they的宾格形式。故填them。 65．考查连词。句意：虽然它很贵，但很多人仍然喜欢它。根据语境可知，前后句之间是让步转折关系，应用although或though引导让步状语从句，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Although/Though。 语法填空 Do you like gardening? Gardening may be a fun and 66 (relax) way to get in touch with nature, but do you know that it also has plenty of health benefits? Gardening is an activity that is good for both the mind and body, and can be enjoyed by people of all 67 (age). Plus, you get to eat the delicious fruits, vegetables that you grow. So, grab your tools and get in the dirt! You may not think of gardening 68 exercise, but all the lifting, shoveling and raking involved 69 (definite) count. Your brain also benefits from time 70 (spend) in the garden. Being outside in the fresh air and sunshine is 71 effective way to boost your mood and decrease stress. In fact, gardening has shown to be helpful in reducing the risk of depression. If something is weighing heavily on your mind, gardening can allow you to focus on an activity 72 will bring you joy. Don’t forget the health benefits that come from the produce you grow. Gardening is a simple way to get more fresh fruits and vegetables into your diet, and you’re sure to appreciate them even more because you 73 (grow) them. When it comes to 74 (decide) what to plant, it may be hard to know where to begin. But if you’re new to gardening, keep it simple with the produce that is easy to grow. Santo, an expert, recommends herbs and greens such as lettuce and collard greens (羽衣甘蓝). Santo says these foods are not only easy for first-time 75 (garden), but they are also full of important nutrients (营养物). 【答案】 66．relaxing 67．ages 68．as 69．definitely 70．spent 71．an 72．that/which 73．grew 74．deciding 75．gardeners 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了园艺的多重健康益处，包括锻炼身体、改善心理状态和提供新鲜食物，并建议新手从易种植的作物入手。 66．考查形容词。句意：园艺或许是一种有趣且令人放松的亲近自然的方式，但你是否知道它还有诸多健康益处？空处作修饰way的定语，描述其性质，应用形容词relaxing，意为“令人放松的”。故填relaxing。 67．考查名词的数。句意：园艺是一项对身心皆有益的活动，适合所有年龄段的人参与。根据“people of all”可知，此处用固定短语people of all ages表示“所有年龄段的人”。故填ages。 68．考查介词。句意：你可能不把园艺当作锻炼，但其中涉及的搬运、铲土和耙地绝对算运动。根据“think of gardening”可知，此处用固定短语think of… as…表示“把.……看作……”。故填as。 69．考查副词。句意：你可能不把园艺当作锻炼，但其中涉及的搬运、铲土和耙地绝对算运动。空处修饰谓语动词count，应用副词definitely，意为“绝对地”。故填definitely。 70．考查非谓语动词。句意：你的大脑也会受益于花费在花园里的时间。句子已有谓语，空处是非谓语，作time的后置定语，spend“花费”和time逻辑上是被动关系，因此用spend的过去分词形式。故填spent。 71．考查冠词。句意：置身于新鲜空气和阳光中，是一种提升情绪、缓解压力的有效方式。空处表示泛指，意为“一种有效方式”，应用不定冠词，且effective的发音以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。 72．考查定语从句。句意：如果你心事重重，园艺能让你专注于一项能带来快乐的活动。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词an activity，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which作引导词。故填that/which。 73．考查动词时态。句意：园艺是让饮食中增添更多新鲜果蔬的简单途径，而且你一定会更珍惜它们，因为它们是你种的。空处作because引导的从句的谓语，结合“you’re sure to appreciate them even more”可知，你珍惜的是你“曾经种植”的植物，时态应用一般过去时。故填grew。 74．考查非谓语动词。句意：当决定种植什么时，可能很难知道从哪里开始。when it comes to doing是固定句型，意为“当涉及到做某事时”，空处应用decide“决定”的动名词形式。故填deciding。 75．考查名词的数。句意：Santo说这些作物不仅适合初次尝试的园艺者，还富含重要营养。空处作for的宾语，被first-time修饰，名词gardener符合题意，意为“园艺者”，且空前没有表示单数概念的修饰语，可数名词gardener应用复数形式，表泛指。故填gardeners。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 5 Revealing nature 重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习 (知识点全覆盖) 单词变形 1. ____________v.探索；勘探；探究→____________n.探索；探究；勘探→____________n.探险家；勘探者 2. ____________n.神秘的事物；谜；神秘气氛→____________adj.神秘的；难以理解的 3. ____________v.观察；观测；遵守；注意到→____________n.观察；观测；观察力→____________n.观察者；观测者 4. ____________v.分析→____________n.分析→____________adj.分析的；解析的 5. ____________n.证据；证明；迹象→____________adj.明显的；明白的→____________adv.明显地；显然 6. ____________v.推断出；得出结论；结束→____________n.结论；推论；结尾 7. ____________v.预言；预测；预告→____________n.预言；预测 8. ____________n.现象（复数：____________）→____________adj.非凡的；显著的；现象的 9. ____________v.存在；生存；生活→____________n.存在；生存→____________adj.存在的；现存的 10. ____________v.使适应；改编→____________n.适应；改编；改编本→____________adj.适应的；有适应能力的 11. ____________v.生存；存活；幸存→____________n.生存；幸存；幸存者→____________n.幸存者；生还者 12. ____________v.威胁；危及→____________n.威胁；恐吓→____________adj.威胁的；恐吓的 13. ____________v.保护；防护→____________n.保护；防护→____________adj.保护的；防护的 14. ____________v.保护；保存；节约→____________n.保护；保存；节约→____________adj.保守的；守旧的 n.保守派；守旧者 15. ____________n.益处；好处 v.使受益；得益于→____________adj.有益的；有利的 核心单词 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1．disgrace n． 2．beak n． 3．suspect v． 4．ancestor n． 5．evolution n． 6．generate v． 7．tortoise n． 8．primitive adj. 9．goat n． 10．giant adj. 11．giant tortoise 12．comb-like adj. 13．myth n． 14．legend n． 15．pesticide n． 16．cybercrime n． 17．seed n． 18．sample n． 19．characteristic n． 20．decline v． 21．blame v． 22．worldwide adv.遍 23．root n． 24．link v． 25．centimetre n． 一、语法填空 1．A representative (sample) is crucial for valid results. 2．Organic farming avoids synthetic (pesticide). 3．By the end of last year, they (treat) over 800 patients. 4．The Indians used to put their ears to the ground to hear a (distance) noise. 5．Long-lasting friendships share the (character) that both sides equally contact and share with one another. 6．Judging from his nervous expression, the police suspected him (be) a thief. 7．Jerry is a biologist. She is occupied (detect) insects every year. 8．He was regarded as the most remarkable scientist in this (evolve) field of all time. 9．A giant tail is one of the animal’s (characteristic). 10．The three (generate) are all fond of the old singer. 11．They began as a modestly successful musician group and ended the year as show business (legend). 12．My sister is 165 (centimetre) tall with long beautiful hair. 13．It has no (detect) effect on the program output. （所给词的适当形式填空） 14．Miss Brown was the next person (rise) to speak. 15．None of us is entirely (blame) in this matter. 16．This is her (ancestor) home. 17．The security department suspected him of (give) information to a foreign company. 18．I’m (convince) that the only thing that kept me going was what I loved what I did. 19．Though he has run deep into trouble, he remains quite (peace) in his heart. 20．A classmate told me she (see) my friend chatting with another girl in a café on Saturday afternoon. 21．Natural (evolve) could take thousands of years and is extremely slow. 22．The TV network and the telephone network can (link) to the Internet now. 23．In his diary, this science fiction writer hints that no one can foresee the prospect of artificial (intelligent) and how it will evolve. 24．We all agreed that it was you rather than he that (be) to blame for the accident. 25．In her book, Anna described how his experience inspired her (become) a medical scientist. 26．The (declare) of Independence was adopted by Congress on 4 July, 1776. 27．Hearing the unexpected news, Mary froze with shock, as if (root) to the spot. （所给词的适当形式填空） 28．His parents as well as he (be) kind to me. 29．I doubt whether Mr Bates is directly (link) with the crime. 30． (surprise), we caught the honest boy stealing money from others. 二、单词拼写 31．Due to preparing for my final exam, I have no alternative but to (拒绝) your invitation. 32．We should pay attention to the noise (产生) by the machines in the factory. 33．Policemen can find the same or similar DNA to track down (嫌疑人) and victims.   34．Centuries later, we continue to benefit from the wisdom of our (祖先). 35．These letters obviously helped sow the (种子) of love between the two. 36．The research team collected a large (样品) of blood from the patients for further analysis. 37．Hot days are (典型的，特有的) weather of the summer months. 38．He had (刻写，雕刻) his name on the tree. 39．These (原始的) artworks offer us a glimpse into the creativity of early civilizations. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 40．As we all know, Lang Ping is a living (传奇) of sports in the world. 41．Are you saying there might be (原始的) life on the island? 42． (原始的) tools, like stone axes and wooden spears, helped early humans hunt animals and build simple shelters. 43．It’s not good enough just to (责备) children. 44．The nutritionists claimed that they (发现) a new and nutritious type of food. (根据汉语意思填空) 45．The event will be relayed to a (巨大的) TV screen a mile away. 三、完成句子 46．数周以来，失业的威胁一直笼罩着她，直到她最终在另一家公司找到了新职位。 The threat of losing her job had her for weeks, until she ended up landing a new job in a different company. 47．当我终于写完文章时，获胜的念头已经被写作的乐趣所取代。 When I finally finished the essay, the thought of winning had to the enjoyment of writing. 48．我本打算昨天给你字典的，但我忘记把它带来了。 I you the dictionary yesterday, but I forgot to bring it here. 49．I poured some water . 我在盆子里倒入一些水。 50．One day I a basin. 一天，我把一些向日葵种子埋进一个盆子里。 51．It was the kind captain . 是那位善良的船长给了这个年轻人这样一个珍贵的机会。 52．Do further research . 如有必要，做进一步的研究。 53．They stood there for half an hour, . 他们在那儿站了半小时，观察着天上的星星。 54．就在我们的房子前面，有一棵有一千年历史的大树。 a tall tree with a history of 1,000 years. 55． some parents, who came here for some reason. 教室后面坐着一些家长，他们是因为某种原因来这儿的。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When cultures meet, not just their language or clothing may be different. Often their food will be 56 (great) different too. People on both sides can discover new chances for trading. This text 57 (tell) how some common food plants spread around the world. As early as 5,000 BC, 58 (potato) were traded in South America as a valuable type of food. They were 59 (take) to Europe in the 1500s and their use soon spread across it. Tea drinking started in China. By the early 1600s, traders had begun to ship tea from China to Europe. Tea drinking soon   60 (become) fashionable there but because 61 its high price, it remained a drink for the wealthy. Sugar cane (甘蔗) was first used to produce 62 kind of sweet juice over 8,000 years ago on the island of New Guinea. Its use soon spread across South East Asia and then to the 63 (wide) world. Cocoa was used to make a cold, spicy drink in Central America over 3,000 years ago. The Europeans brought it back with 64 (they) in the 1520s and added sugar to make the sweet, hot drink we know today. 65 it’s expensive, many people still love it. 语法填空 Do you like gardening? Gardening may be a fun and 66 (relax) way to get in touch with nature, but do you know that it also has plenty of health benefits? Gardening is an activity that is good for both the mind and body, and can be enjoyed by people of all 67 (age). Plus, you get to eat the delicious fruits, vegetables that you grow. So, grab your tools and get in the dirt! You may not think of gardening 68 exercise, but all the lifting, shoveling and raking involved 69 (definite) count. Your brain also benefits from time 70 (spend) in the garden. Being outside in the fresh air and sunshine is 71 effective way to boost your mood and decrease stress. In fact, gardening has shown to be helpful in reducing the risk of depression. If something is weighing heavily on your mind, gardening can allow you to focus on an activity 72 will bring you joy. Don’t forget the health benefits that come from the produce you grow. Gardening is a simple way to get more fresh fruits and vegetables into your diet, and you’re sure to appreciate them even more because you 73 (grow) them. When it comes to 74 (decide) what to plant, it may be hard to know where to begin. But if you’re new to gardening, keep it simple with the produce that is easy to grow. Santo, an expert, recommends herbs and greens such as lettuce and collard greens (羽衣甘蓝). Santo says these foods are not only easy for first-time 75 (garden), but they are also full of important nutrients (营养物). $$