精品解析：山西省晋中市介休市第一中学校2025-2026学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题

介休一中2025—2026学年高二上学期期中考试 英语试题 考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分 本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。 第Ⅰ卷 注意事项：英语听力共两节，20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分。 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What does the man mean? A．He will not get promoted. B．He isn’t invited to Judy’s party. C．He has difficulty making a decision. 2．Where are the speakers probably? A．In a library. B．In a shop. C．In a post office. 3．What is Sarah doing? A．Filming a movie. B．Traveling abroad. C．Carrying out a project. 4．When should the speakers reach the restaurant at the latest? A．By 7:30 p. m. B．By 7:00 p. m. C．By 6:30p. m. 5．What will the man do first? A．Go shopping. B．Collect his children. C．Answer some questions. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．The woman’s car troubles. B．The woman’s eye problem. C．The man’s difficulty in reading. 7．Where does the man suggest the woman go? A．The hospital. B．Her sister’s home. C．A chain store. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8．What is the relationship between the speakers? A．Relatives. B．Strangers. C．Guide and tourist. 9．What happened to the man’s compass? A．It was out of date. B．It was out of sight. C．It was out of order. 10．What will the man do next? A．Buy some spices. B．Cook a dish with spices. C．Make some spices. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11．Why does Jenna live with her parents? A．For financial benefits. B．For home-cooked meals. C．For constant questions. 12．How does the man contribute to his family? A．By renting an apartment. B．By sharing household expenses. C．By saving for future investment. 13．How does Jenna feel about moving out? A．Conflicted. B．Pessimistic. C．Curious. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14．Whose project focuses on the weather? A．Laura’s. B．Paul’ s. C．Harry’s. 15．Where will the woman put her project? A．On a display table. B．On the teacher’s desk. C．On the shelf. 16．What does the woman think of the man in the end? A．Cold. B．Fair. C．Considerate. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17．When was the first CineMajestic festival held? A．In the 1960s. B．In the 1970s. C．In the 1980s. 18．How is CineMajestic festival different from others? A．It has a long history. B．It’s commercially successful. C．It values quality and creativity. 19．What can be found at CineMajestic? A．Silent films. B．Experimental films. C．Commercial films. 20．What impressed the speaker most at CineMajestic this year? A．Its artistic risks. B．Its quantity of films. C．Its variety of stories. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，共37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A It is that time of the year, when a handful of the world’s leading scholars, social activists and researchers are rewarded with what is often cited as the most prestigious acknowledgement of human efforts — the Nobel Prize. Here’s a look at who has won the prize and for what. Physiology or Medicine Swedish geneticist Svante Pääbo won the first Nobel Prize of the year, for starting the field of ancient DNA studies. He is well-known for extracting, sequencing, and analyzing ancient DNA from Neanderthal bones. Physics Alain Aspect, John F. Clauser and Anton Zeilinger’s work in quantum (量子) technology landed them the second Nobel Prize announced in 2022. Although Aspect is from France, Clauser from the U.S., and Zeilinger from Austria, the three separately performed “groundbreaking experiments” as one team. “Their results have cleared the way for new technology,” the committee stated. Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry went to another trio (三人组), Carolyn R. Bertozzi from the U.S., Morten Meldal from Denmark and K. Barry Sharpless from the U.S. “for the development of click chemistry and bioorthogonal chemistry,” the committee stated. Dr. Bertozzi is the eighth woman chemist to be awarded the prize, while Dr. Sharpless is the fifth scientist to be awarded two Nobel Prizes. Economic Sciences The Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences was awarded to three American economists, Ben S. Bernanke, Douglas W. Diamond and Philip H. Dybvig “for research on banks and financial crises,” the Nobel Prize committee announced on Monday. By studying the history of American economics, particularly the Great Depression of the 1930s, they improved how we understand the role of banks during times of hardship and the bank’s impact on societal functions. 1. What prize is related to the research on bones? A. Physiology or Medicine. B. Chemistry. C. Physics. D. Economic Sciences. 2. For what study did Ben S. Bernanke, Douglas W. Diamond and Philip H. Dybvig win the prize? A. About societal functions. B. About the history of America. C. About banks and financial crises. D. About the Great Depression of the 1930s. 3. What do the prizes in physics, chemistry and economic sciences have in common? A. Their winners are from different countries. B. They have three winners. C. They improve new technology. D. They help people understand hardship. B I was born in a small town in Pakistan called Quetta in 1980. When I was a little boy of about ten years old, I developed an interest in calligraphy. Back then we only had a TV channel with limited programs. One of the programs was about learning calligraphy. I was engaged and spent several years learning different calligraphy scripts (笔迹) in the Urdu language. After graduation, I came to Dubai, UAE, falling in love with the architecture and high-rise buildings. I wanted to shoot the amazing beauty from different angles. So I bought a camera and learned photography, joined photography groups and attended workshops. After a few years, I got bored of photographing landscapes and cityscapes. Seven years ago, while going through the photography blogs and looking through others’ works, I read the term called “light painting”, a photography technique that allows you to draw in space. I started experimenting with that and soon it hit me: why not bring back my passion for calligraphy using light painting technique? Since that day, I’ve been drawing light calligraphy. To achieve the best results, I decided to build the lights myself. The best part about my work is that they are not photoshopped. I prefer to get the results straight out of the camera. I don’t even turn over the images. To achieve that, I have to write in reverse (倒置) and that took a lot of practice to get it right. Currently, I’m working on the idea of bringing abandoned places back to life, including buildings which have lost their charm and are hidden in darkness. Through my photography, I try to employ light calligraphy by writing a word that attaches a deep meaning to those places and telling stories behind them. In this way, I hope people will revisit these places and appreciate the real reason for their construction. 4. What can be implied from the author’s experience in Quetta? A. He had access to plenty art resources. B. He was fond of calligraphy channels. C. He grasped scripts of many languages. D. He was willing to dig into calligraphy. 5. What made the author interested in taking pictures in Dubai? A. Visual impacts of structures. B. Remarkable urban planning. C. Mysterious building stories. D. Odd angles of architecture. 6. How did the author enhance the effects of light calligraphy? A. By learning from others. B. By sticking to originality. C. By beautifying his photos. D. By drawing in open space. 7. What is the author's role in practicing his current idea? A. A calligrapher recording meanings. B. An artist regenerating forgotten sites. C. A photographer revealing beauty. D. A historian looking for ignored areas. C Postmates, an American delivery company, has built a robot, called Serve, which was designed to make short-distance deliveries in cities. To know what’s going on, Serve has a laser radar (激光雷达) sensor on top, in which spinning lasers let it detect objects around it and know how far away they are. Also, behind each artificial eye is a camera, with six more imaging devices spread around the robot. Inside it is another sensor that allows Postmates to know if there is a package in there. “One of our key decisions early on was to rely heavily on the robot’s ability to see the environment,” says Ali Kashani, the vice president for robotics at Postmates. Since the sidewalk is “a very chaotic environment”, he points out, the robot needs to be able to take it all in and figure out what to do. This robot, and many like it, also must be able to signal their intentions to the pedestrians. For that, it has a number of approaches. One is using its eyes; another is a colorful light ring that goes around the top. “When it wants to make way for a pedestrian, it will use its eyes and look down,” he explains. It can also use the lights on the top as a turn signal, which is obvious, and also look left and right when it’s turning left and right. “Using eye movements and other silent signals is a good idea,” says Aaron Steinfeld, a professor of human-robot interaction. Serve is intended for sidewalks and Steinfeld says that environment is challenging. People usually walk fast while staring at a smartphone. For a robot, that’s a lot. “We have active research on robot moving socially around walking people,” he says. “And it’s really tricky to do this well.” Postmates plans to use Serve in Los Angeles at first, and that its intended task is to move small objects over short distances. The robot can travel 30 miles on one charge and is able to carry 50 pounds. 8. What is the specific function of the additional sensor that Serve has inside its body? A. To monitor package condition. B. To detect if a package is inside. C. To measure package weight. D. To detect movement around. 9. According to the text, how does Serve primarily detect and understand its environment? A By heavily relying on its ability to see. B. Through its advanced hearing sensors. C. By following pre-programmed routes only. D. By communicating directly with pedestrians. 10. What’s the major challenge for robots on sidewalks mentioned by Professor Aaron Steinfeld? A. The weight of the packages they have to carry. B. The limited range of 30 miles on a single charge. C. The behavior of people walking fast while looking at their phones. D. The inability of sensors to work in rainy weather. 11. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To introduce Postmates’ robot Serve and its key features. B. To describe the challenges robots face when operating on urban sidewalks. C. To explain the technical specifications of Postmates’ delivery robot Serve. D. To discuss the importance of human-robot interaction in technology development. D As the Pacific Northwest baked in 115 degree heat last month, baby hawks (鹰)sat sweating in their nests (巢), 50 feet off the ground. Unable to fly, the young animals dealt with the heat in the only way they could: One by one, they threw themselves out. Nearly 50 baby hawks were rescued from the ground beneath towering trees. More still were brought to animal organizations. To understand how wildlife is affected by extreme heat, says Mazeika Sullivan, a professor of Environment and Natural Resources, it’s important to keep in mind that heat waves are just one of the challenges wildlife face. “It’s about many problems at once,” he says. Extreme heat events are combined with drought, rising temperatures, bigger and more intense wildfires, and increasingly small habitats. Take salmon (三文鱼)as an example. During a heat wave, they’re hit with “a double whammy,” says Sullivan. “It’s like if you had to run a marathon (马拉松)while wearing a plastic bag over your head, while it’s 10 degrees warmer outside,” Sullivan says, “you’d die too.” Environmental problems kill animals all the time. That’s just part of the evolutionary process, says Sullivan. The problem is there isn’t enough genetic (基因的) variation to keep up with the rapid pace of climate change, which includes more frequent and widespread heat waves. Animals now have only a few decades to adapt to changes that historically occurred over millions of years. The hope is that every species has enough extreme-heat-resistant individuals that can pass on their genes to babies. “The other choice is pretty sad,” Sullivan says. “The other choice is that there are no individuals that can survive.” In much of the Pacific Northwest, temperatures have dropped again — for now. But wildfires are burning strongly in the U.S., destroying forests and polluting water sources. “Drought affects us all,” says Sullivan. He says his team is often reminded of a quote by poet W.H. Auden: “Thousands have lived without love, not one without water.” 12. Why did the young hawks leave their nests? A. To follow their parents’ example. B. To escape from extreme heat. C. To practice flying skills. D. To search for food. 13. What does the underlined part “a double whammy” refer to? A. Less oxygen and warmer temperature. B. Pollution and reduced food sources. C. Long distance and fewer companions. D. Smaller habitat and more diseases. 14. What might be the worst result of rapid climate change? A. Animals suffer from unprecedented extreme weather. B. Declining animal populations lower genetic diversity. C. Heat waves eliminate the need for natural selection. D. Evolution is too slow to ensure animal survival. 15 Why does the author use Auden’s quote? A. To highlight the severity of wildfires. B. To suggest emotional needs are less crucial. C. To emphasize the cause of global warming. D. To show the role of temperature in human survival. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Ways to Manage Your Results Day Worries With results day just around the corner, it’s normal for anxiety to start creeping in. To help you get through it, I’ve put together some best tips for managing those resuIts day worries (tried and tested). Journal your worries away. Get those feelings out! It’s bittersweet to look back something you will probably experience in the future too. Just let it all out in one big word rush and don’t worry about spelling or grammar—no one else will see this! ____16____ Writing your train-of-thought is a good way to let go of anxiety. ____17____ Take advantage of the nice weather (so long as it’s not too hot!) and get some fresh air. Go on walks to the beach, or into town, see friends and just focus on making the most of your summer. Staying in your room can make your anxiety worse. Treat yourself. Use the rest of your time before results day to treat yourself to something special. ____18____ Giving yourself treats (big or small) is a way to remind yourself that whatever grades you get, you still matter. Do what you can. When I was stressed about results day, I had tunnel vision. I could only focus on the things I couldn’t control—like grades, or what I was going to do if I didn’t get into my first choice university. But worrying about things that have already happened wasn’t helpful because they were out of my control. ____19____ Talk to people. ____20____ Reach out to them and see how they feel. That being said, make sure you talk to the right people. If you know some of your friends will start panicking and make your anxiety worse, avoid bringing up your fears with them. We all get worried when there’s a big event coming up. But remember—nothing has actually happened yet. You might even be pleasantly surprised. Good luck—you’ve got this! A. Step outside. B. Go for a walk. C. Don’t stop writing until it’s all out. D. Your friends are probably in the same boat. E. So I focused my energy on what I could control. F. There is nothing better than having good friends. G. After all, you worked hard and sat all those exams. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One moment after I pressed the timer, the microwave began working. Then, ____21____, I heard a loud explosion. My husband and I jumped up to see what had happened. The microwave door opened, and the plate I placed ____22____ the bowl flew out and fell apart on the floor, ____23____ by the clear bowl filled with eggs and water. There were eggs and ____24____ glass everywhere. We were both ____25____ poached eggs (荷包蛋). He was cooking his on the stove (炉子), and I was preparing mine in the microwave. I ____26____ him, saying that mine would be softer. “What happened?” he asked. “The video said to put the eggs in a bowl, ____27____ it with a plate, and microwave it for two minutes to get soft poached eggs,” I explained. “But after two minutes, the eggs still looked ____28____, so I added a couple more ____29____, put the plate back on the bowl, and start the microwave again.” Warning! Placing a plate over a bowl of water ____30____ steam inside, causing pressure to build up. Once the pressure becomes too high, boom (发出轰响)！ “Well, it looks like my poached eggs turned out ____31____,” my husband said with a self-satisfied smile. Months later, as we gathered with our family for holidays, my husband told the ____32____ repeatedly. My grandson even announced that this would be a new way to ____33____ historical moments in our family, like, “Oh! That happened about five years after Grandma ____34____ the microwave!” Everyone laughed. This wasn’t a life-changing event but it’s definitely one our family will always ____35____ — with a smile. 21. A. gradually B. suddenly C. eventually D. naturally 22. A. on top of B. in front of C. at the side of D. at the back of 23. A. pushed B. caused C. knocked D. followed 24. A. colorful B. shiny C. broken D. large 25. A. choosing B. making C. finishing D. eating 26. A. thanked B. helped C. asked D. challenged 27. A. hit B. fill C. cover D. lift 28. A. watery B. solid C. tasty D. whole 29. A. spoons B. minutes C. eggs D. plates 30. A. dries B. reduces C. allows D. traps 31. A. harder B. funnier C. better D. faster 32. A. story B. belief C. message D. truth 33. A. record B. count C. celebrate D. mark 34. A. gave away B. blew up C. turned of D. looked for 35 A. want B. find C. remember D. believe 第Ⅱ卷 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you had enough trouble spelling English words to make you want to scream? You are not alone. Part of the problem ____36____ (cause) by the diverse origins of English words. German, Latin, French and Greek are all common sources, with each following a different set of rules for spelling. In fact, even within any one of these languages, it is impossible ____37____ (guarantee) consistency. Some English learners know that memorizing the Latin roots of English words is a great way to expand their vocabulary ____38____ most of these words were actually from French after the 11th century. By the time English was again allowed at the court, it was a French-influenced language (Middle English). There was actually no set form of spelling. In Geoffrey Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales, the same word can be found ____39____ (spell) differently in different places. This was not his fault. He was ____40____ (simple) following the rules of spelling for his time. Standardization didn’t come ____41____ the 15th century. The use of the printing press and mass distribution of books froze the spelling of words. The very spelling system we use today is based on the pronunciation of that time. Between 1450 and 1750, English pronunciation went through ____42____ experts call the Great Vowel Shift. ____43____ the nature of how English words are pronounced has evolved, the spelling system has remained largely unchanged. Supporters of English spelling reform argue that replacing words with more phonetically accurate letter ____44____ (combination) will promote literacy. Others don’t think so. They say that the spelling system we use today leaves plenty of keys to ____45____ (unlock) the history of the language, helping readers understand the origins of words. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 某英语报正在举办以“Reduce, Reuse and Recycle”为题的征文活动，要求用生活中的具体事例诠释减少浪费的“3R”理念。请你写一篇短文投稿。 注意：1.词数100左右; 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯; 3.开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Reduce, Reuse and Recycle I want to talk about a very important topic, cutting down on waste by 3R: Reduce, Reuse and Recycle. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 注意： 1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。 I could feel the excitement rising in me as I held the beautifully wrapped present in my hands. It was a new laptop (笔记本电脑). I had always envied my friends who were sharing news about “chat rooms” and “e-mailing”. Now I was going to find out. It started out simply enough. I was searching for some information online when I came across a social networking site. Soon I became glued to my new-found online friend. I began to spend more and more time on the Internet. Whenever I was not visiting these social networking sites, I would be going through gossip websites. As time passed, I realized that I was addicted to the Internet. It came to a point where I chose to lock myself in my room, refusing to come out and take part in family discussions. Soon I was spending the early morning on the Internet. Sleep was reduced to naps and my grades at school also began deteriorating (恶化). It was about this time that my parents started voicing their disapproval. I was asked to cut down on my use of the Internet. Yet, however hard I tried, I was unable to pull myself away and unable to focus on my lessons. Then one day, my father took away my laptop. I shouted angrily, but to no effect. That was when I decided to take the big step — to overcome my Internet addiction. Quitting was harder than I expected. But I promised my parents that I would turn over a new page and find ways to break away from the Internet. I started by creating a list of things to be finished during the day. Then, I set aside sometime each day to work on these tasks, which helped me stay focused throughout the day. With the help of my family, my Internet addiction gradually faded away. Paragraph 1: One evening I came to Mum’s bedroom for a rare heart-to-heart conversation. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: I promised that I would turn over a new page. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 介休一中2025—2026学年高二上学期期中考试 英语试题 考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分 本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。 第Ⅰ卷 注意事项：英语听力共两节，20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分。 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What does the man mean? A．He will not get promoted. B．He isn’t invited to Judy’s party. C．He has difficulty making a decision. 2．Where are the speakers probably? A．In a library. B．In a shop. C．In a post office. 3．What is Sarah doing? A．Filming a movie. B．Traveling abroad. C．Carrying out a project. 4．When should the speakers reach the restaurant at the latest? A．By 7:30 p. m. B．By 7:00 p. m. C．By 6:30p. m. 5．What will the man do first? A．Go shopping. B．Collect his children. C．Answer some questions. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．The woman’s car troubles. B．The woman’s eye problem. C．The man’s difficulty in reading. 7．Where does the man suggest the woman go? A．The hospital. B．Her sister’s home. C．A chain store. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8．What is the relationship between the speakers? A．Relatives. B．Strangers. C．Guide and tourist. 9．What happened to the man’s compass? A．It was out of date. B．It was out of sight. C．It was out of order. 10．What will the man do next? A．Buy some spices. B．Cook a dish with spices. C．Make some spices. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11．Why does Jenna live with her parents? A．For financial benefits. B．For home-cooked meals. C．For constant questions. 12．How does the man contribute to his family? A．By renting an apartment. B．By sharing household expenses. C．By saving for future investment. 13．How does Jenna feel about moving out? A．Conflicted. B．Pessimistic. C．Curious. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14．Whose project focuses on the weather? A．Laura’s. B．Paul’ s. C．Harry’s. 15．Where will the woman put her project? A．On a display table. B．On the teacher’s desk. C．On the shelf. 16．What does the woman think of the man in the end? A．Cold. B．Fair. C．Considerate. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17．When was the first CineMajestic festival held? A．In the 1960s. B．In the 1970s. C．In the 1980s. 18．How is CineMajestic festival different from others? A．It has a long history. B．It’s commercially successful. C．It values quality and creativity. 19．What can be found at CineMajestic? A．Silent films. B．Experimental films. C．Commercial films. 20．What impressed the speaker most at CineMajestic this year? A．Its artistic risks. B．Its quantity of films. C．Its variety of stories. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，共37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A It is that time of the year, when a handful of the world’s leading scholars, social activists and researchers are rewarded with what is often cited as the most prestigious acknowledgement of human efforts — the Nobel Prize. Here’s a look at who has won the prize and for what. Physiology or Medicine Swedish geneticist Svante Pääbo won the first Nobel Prize of the year, for starting the field of ancient DNA studies. He is well-known for extracting, sequencing, and analyzing ancient DNA from Neanderthal bones. Physics Alain Aspect, John F. Clauser and Anton Zeilinger’s work in quantum (量子) technology landed them the second Nobel Prize announced in 2022. Although Aspect is from France, Clauser from the U.S., and Zeilinger from Austria, the three separately performed “groundbreaking experiments” as one team. “Their results have cleared the way for new technology,” the committee stated. Chemistry The Nobel Prize in Chemistry went to another trio (三人组), Carolyn R. Bertozzi from the U.S., Morten Meldal from Denmark and K. Barry Sharpless from the U.S. “for the development of click chemistry and bioorthogonal chemistry,” the committee stated. Dr. Bertozzi is the eighth woman chemist to be awarded the prize, while Dr. Sharpless is the fifth scientist to be awarded two Nobel Prizes. Economic Sciences The Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences was awarded to three American economists, Ben S. Bernanke, Douglas W. Diamond and Philip H. Dybvig “for research on banks and financial crises,” the Nobel Prize committee announced on Monday. By studying the history of American economics, particularly the Great Depression of the 1930s, they improved how we understand the role of banks during times of hardship and the bank’s impact on societal functions. 1. What prize is related to the research on bones? A. Physiology or Medicine. B. Chemistry. C. Physics. D. Economic Sciences. 2. For what study did Ben S. Bernanke, Douglas W. Diamond and Philip H. Dybvig win the prize? A. About societal functions. B. About the history of America. C About banks and financial crises. D. About the Great Depression of the 1930s. 3. What do the prizes in physics, chemistry and economic sciences have in common? A. Their winners are from different countries. B. They have three winners. C. They improve new technology. D. They help people understand hardship. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四项诺贝尔奖的获得情况。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Physiology or Medicine部分中的“He is well-known for extracting, sequencing, and analyzing ancient DNA from Neanderthal bones.(他以从尼安德特人骨骼中提取、测序和分析古代DNA而闻名。)”可知，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖与骨骼研究有关。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Economic Sciences部分中的“The Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences was awarded to three American economists, Ben S. Bernanke, Douglas W. Diamond and Philip H. Dybvig “for research on banks and financial crises,” the Nobel Prize committee announced on Monday.(诺贝尔奖委员会周一宣布，诺贝尔经济学奖授予Ben S. Bernanke、Douglas W. Diamond和Philip H. Dybvig三位美国经济学家，以表彰他们对银行和金融危机的研究。)”可知，Ben S. Bernanke、Douglas W. Diamond和Philip H. Dybvig凭着关于银行和金融危机的研究获奖。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Physics部分中的“Although Aspect is from France, Clauser from the U.S., and Zeilinger from Austria, the three separately performed “groundbreaking experiments” as one team.(虽然Aspect来自法国，Clauser来自美国，Zeilinger来自奥地利，但他们三人作为一个团队分别进行了“突破性的实验”。)”、Chemistry部分中的“The Nobel Prize in Chemistry went to another trio (三人组), Carolyn R. Bertozzi from the U.S., Morten Meldal from Denmark and K. Barry Sharpless from the U.S. “for the development of click chemistry and bioorthogonal chemistry,” the committee stated.(诺贝尔化学奖颁给了另一个三人组：美国的Carolyn R. Bertozzi、丹麦的Morten Meldal和美国的K. Barry Sharpless，以表彰他们“对点击化学和生物正交化学的发展”。)”以及Economic Sciences部分中的“The Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences was awarded to three American economists, Ben S. Bernanke, Douglas W. Diamond and Philip H. Dybvig “for research on banks and financial crises,” the Nobel Prize committee announced on Monday. (诺贝尔奖委员会周一宣布，诺贝尔经济学奖授予Ben S. Bernanke、Douglas W. Diamond和Philip H. Dybvig三位美国经济学家，以表彰他们对银行和金融危机的研究。)”可知，这三个奖项的共同之处是有三个获奖者。故选B。 B I was born in a small town in Pakistan called Quetta in 1980. When I was a little boy of about ten years old, I developed an interest in calligraphy. Back then we only had a TV channel with limited programs. One of the programs was about learning calligraphy. I was engaged and spent several years learning different calligraphy scripts (笔迹) in the Urdu language. After graduation, I came to Dubai, UAE, falling in love with the architecture and high-rise buildings. I wanted to shoot the amazing beauty from different angles. So I bought a camera and learned photography, joined photography groups and attended workshops. After a few years, I got bored of photographing landscapes and cityscapes. Seven years ago, while going through the photography blogs and looking through others’ works, I read the term called “light painting”, a photography technique that allows you to draw in space. I started experimenting with that and soon it hit me: why not bring back my passion for calligraphy using light painting technique? Since that day, I’ve been drawing light calligraphy. To achieve the best results, I decided to build the lights myself. The best part about my work is that they are not photoshopped. I prefer to get the results straight out of the camera. I don’t even turn over the images. To achieve that, I have to write in reverse (倒置) and that took a lot of practice to get it right. Currently, I’m working on the idea of bringing abandoned places back to life, including buildings which have lost their charm and are hidden in darkness. Through my photography, I try to employ light calligraphy by writing a word that attaches a deep meaning to those places and telling stories behind them. In this way, I hope people will revisit these places and appreciate the real reason for their construction. 4. What can be implied from the author’s experience in Quetta? A. He had access to plenty art resources. B. He was fond of calligraphy channels. C. He grasped scripts of many languages. D. He was willing to dig into calligraphy. 5 What made the author interested in taking pictures in Dubai? A. Visual impacts of structures. B. Remarkable urban planning. C. Mysterious building stories. D. Odd angles of architecture. 6. How did the author enhance the effects of light calligraphy? A. By learning from others. B. By sticking to originality. C. By beautifying his photos. D. By drawing in open space. 7. What is the author's role in practicing his current idea? A. A calligrapher recording meanings. B. An artist regenerating forgotten sites. C. A photographer revealing beauty. D. A historian looking for ignored areas. 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者的个人经历与艺术探索历程。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“I was engaged and spent several years learning different calligraphy scripts in the Urdu language.(我全神贯注，花了好几年时间学习乌尔都语的不同书法笔迹。)”可知，作者愿意深入研究书法。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“After graduation, I came to Dubai,UAE, falling in love with the architecture and high-rise buildings. I wanted to shoot the amazing beauty from different angles.(毕业后，我来到了阿联酋的迪拜，深深地爱上了这里的建筑和高楼大厦。我想从不同的角度捕捉这些令人惊叹的美景。)”可知，建筑物的视觉冲击力让作者对在迪拜拍照产生了兴趣。故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The best part about my work is that they are not photoshopped. I prefer to get the results straight out of the camera.(我的作品最棒的一点是，它们没有经过修图软件处理。我更喜欢直接从相机里得到结果。)”可知，作者通过坚持原创性来增强光绘书法的效果。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Currently, I’m working on the idea of bringing abandoned places back to life, including buildings which have lost their charm and are hidden in darkness. Through my photography, I try to employ light calligraphy by writing a word that attaches a deep meaning to those places and telling stories behind them.(目前，我正在致力于让废弃场所重获生机的想法，包括那些已经失去魅力、隐匿在黑暗中的建筑。通过我的摄影，我尝试运用光绘书法，为这些地方写下赋予深层含义的文字，并讲述它们背后的故事。)”可知，作者目前所扮演的角色是让被遗忘的遗址重现生机的艺术家。故选B。 C Postmates, an American delivery company, has built a robot, called Serve, which was designed to make short-distance deliveries in cities. To know what’s going on, Serve has a laser radar (激光雷达) sensor on top, in which spinning lasers let it detect objects around it and know how far away they are. Also, behind each artificial eye is a camera, with six more imaging devices spread around the robot. Inside it is another sensor that allows Postmates to know if there is a package in there. “One of our key decisions early on was to rely heavily on the robot’s ability to see the environment,” says Ali Kashani, the vice president for robotics at Postmates. Since the sidewalk is “a very chaotic environment”, he points out, the robot needs to be able to take it all in and figure out what to do. This robot, and many like it, also must be able to signal their intentions to the pedestrians. For that, it has a number of approaches. One is using its eyes; another is a colorful light ring that goes around the top. “When it wants to make way for a pedestrian, it will use its eyes and look down,” he explains. It can also use the lights on the top as a turn signal, which is obvious, and also look left and right when it’s turning left and right. “Using eye movements and other silent signals is a good idea,” says Aaron Steinfeld, a professor of human-robot interaction. Serve is intended for sidewalks and Steinfeld says that environment is challenging. People usually walk fast while staring at a smartphone. For a robot, that’s a lot. “We have active research on robot moving socially around walking people,” he says. “And it’s really tricky to do this well.” Postmates plans to use Serve in Los Angeles at first, and that its intended task is to move small objects over short distances. The robot can travel 30 miles on one charge and is able to carry 50 pounds. 8. What is the specific function of the additional sensor that Serve has inside its body? A. To monitor package condition. B. To detect if a package is inside. C. To measure package weight. D. To detect movement around. 9. According to the text, how does Serve primarily detect and understand its environment? A. By heavily relying on its ability to see. B. Through its advanced hearing sensors. C. By following pre-programmed routes only. D. By communicating directly with pedestrians. 10. What’s the major challenge for robots on sidewalks mentioned by Professor Aaron Steinfeld? A. The weight of the packages they have to carry. B. The limited range of 30 miles on a single charge. C. The behavior of people walking fast while looking at their phones. D. The inability of sensors to work in rainy weather. 11. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To introduce Postmates’ robot Serve and its key features. B. To describe the challenges robots face when operating on urban sidewalks. C. To explain the technical specifications of Postmates’ delivery robot Serve. D. To discuss the importance of human-robot interaction in technology development. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种可以在城市中进行短距离投递的机器人。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Inside it is another sensor that allows Postmates to know if there is a package in there. (机器人内部还有另一个传感器，能让Postmates公司知道里面是否装有包裹)”可知，Serve内部额外传感器的特定功能是检测内部是否有包裹。故选B项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中““One of our key decisions early on was to rely heavily on the robot’s ability to see the environment,”says Ali Kashani, the vice president for robotics at Postmates. (Postmates公司机器人部门副总裁阿里・卡沙尼表示：“我们早期的关键决策之一，就是高度依赖机器人观察环境的能力。”)”可知，Serve主要通过高度依赖自身的观察能力来感知和理解周围环境。故选A项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Serve is intended for sidewalks and Steinfeld says that environment is challenging. People usually walk fast while staring at a smartphone. For a robot, that’s a lot. (Serve适用于人行道，斯坦菲尔德表示这种环境极具挑战性。人们通常会盯着智能手机快速行走，这对机器人来说难度很大)”可知，亚伦・斯坦菲尔德教授提到的人行道机器人面临的主要挑战是“人们盯着手机快速行走的行为”。故选C项。 11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Postmates, an American delivery company, has built a robot, called Serve, which was designed to make short-distance deliveries in cities. (美国快递公司 Postmates 研发了一款名为 Serve 的机器人，其设计用途是在城市中进行短途配送)”以及后续段落又分别介绍了Serve的传感器配置、感知环境的方式、与行人的互动设计及使用计划等核心特征可知，文章主要目的是介绍Postmates公司的机器人Serve及其关键特点。故选A项。 D As the Pacific Northwest baked in 115 degree heat last month, baby hawks (鹰)sat sweating in their nests (巢), 50 feet off the ground. Unable to fly, the young animals dealt with the heat in the only way they could: One by one, they threw themselves out. Nearly 50 baby hawks were rescued from the ground beneath towering trees. More still were brought to animal organizations. To understand how wildlife is affected by extreme heat, says Mazeika Sullivan, a professor of Environment and Natural Resources, it’s important to keep in mind that heat waves are just one of the challenges wildlife face. “It’s about many problems at once,” he says. Extreme heat events are combined with drought, rising temperatures, bigger and more intense wildfires, and increasingly small habitats. Take salmon (三文鱼)as an example. During a heat wave, they’re hit with “a double whammy,” says Sullivan. “It’s like if you had to run a marathon (马拉松)while wearing a plastic bag over your head, while it’s 10 degrees warmer outside,” Sullivan says, “you’d die too.” Environmental problems kill animals all the time. That’s just part of the evolutionary process, says Sullivan. The problem is there isn’t enough genetic (基因的) variation to keep up with the rapid pace of climate change, which includes more frequent and widespread heat waves. Animals now have only a few decades to adapt to changes that historically occurred over millions of years. The hope is that every species has enough extreme-heat-resistant individuals that can pass on their genes to babies. “The other choice is pretty sad,” Sullivan says. “The other choice is that there are no individuals that can survive.” In much of the Pacific Northwest, temperatures have dropped again — for now. But wildfires are burning strongly in the U.S., destroying forests and polluting water sources. “Drought affects us all,” says Sullivan. He says his team is often reminded of a quote by poet W.H. Auden: “Thousands have lived without love, not one without water.” 12. Why did the young hawks leave their nests? A. To follow their parents’ example. B. To escape from extreme heat. C. To practice flying skills. D. To search for food. 13. What does the underlined part “a double whammy” refer to? A. Less oxygen and warmer temperature. B. Pollution and reduced food sources. C. Long distance and fewer companions. D. Smaller habitat and more diseases. 14. What might be the worst result of rapid climate change? A. Animals suffer from unprecedented extreme weather. B. Declining animal populations lower genetic diversity. C. Heat waves eliminate the need for natural selection. D. Evolution is too slow to ensure animal survival. 15. Why does the author use Auden’s quote? A. To highlight the severity of wildfires. B. To suggest emotional needs are less crucial. C. To emphasize the cause of global warming. D. To show the role of temperature in human survival. 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍极端高温等气候变化给西北太平洋地区野生动物带来的生存挑战及潜在后果。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“As the Pacific Northwest baked in 115 degree heat last month, baby hawks (鹰) sat sweating in their nests (巢), 50 feet off the ground. Unable to fly, the young animals dealt with the heat in the only way they could: One by one, they threw themselves out.(上个月，当太平洋西北部地区处于115华氏度的酷热中时，雏鹰们在离地50英尺的巢里汗流浃背。由于无法飞行，这些幼崽只能用唯一的方式应对高温：一个接一个地跳了出去)”可知，雏鹰离开巢穴是为了躲避极端高温。故选B项。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“It’s like if you had to run a marathon (马拉松) while wearing a plastic bag over your head, while it’s 10 degrees warmer outside,(这就好比你要跑一场马拉松，头上还套着塑料袋，而外面的温度还要高出10度)”可知，a double whammy指的是“更少的氧气（套塑料袋导致）和更高的温度”。故选A项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The problem is there isn’t enough genetic (基因的) variation to keep up with the rapid pace of climate change, which includes more frequent and widespread heat waves. Animals now have only a few decades to adapt to changes that historically occurred over millions of years. The hope is that every species has enough extreme-heat-resistant individuals that can pass on their genes to babies. “The other choice is pretty sad,” Sullivan says. “The other choice is that there are no individuals that can survive.”(问题在于没有足够的基因变异来跟上气候变化的快速步伐，其中就包括愈发频繁且影响范围更广的热浪。动物如今仅有几十年的时间去适应那些在历史上历经数百万年才发生的变化。我们所期盼的是，每个物种都有足够多的耐高温个体，能够将自身的基因传递给后代。“另一种结果则相当可悲，” 沙利文说，“那就是没有任何个体能够存活下来。”)”可知，快速气候变化最坏的结果是生物进化速度太慢，无法保证动物的生存。故选D项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But wildfires are burning strongly in the U.S., destroying forests and polluting water sources. “Drought affects us all,” says Sullivan. He says his team is often reminded of a quote by poet W.H. Auden: “Thousands have lived without love, not one without water.”(但美国境内野火仍在肆虐，烧毁森林，污染水源。沙利文说：“干旱影响着我们所有人。’他说，他的团队经常想起诗人W.H.奥登的一句话：“数千人可以没有爱而活，但没有人能离开水。”)”可知，作者引用奥登的话是为了强调水的重要性，侧面凸显野火（导致水源污染）和干旱的严重性。故选A项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Ways to Manage Your Results Day Worries With results day just around the corner, it’s normal for anxiety to start creeping in. To help you get through it, I’ve put together some best tips for managing those resuIts day worries (tried and tested). Journal your worries away. Get those feelings out! It’s bittersweet to look back something you will probably experience in the future too. Just let it all out in one big word rush and don’t worry about spelling or grammar—no one else will see this! ____16____ Writing your train-of-thought is a good way to let go of anxiety. ____17____ Take advantage of the nice weather (so long as it’s not too hot!) and get some fresh air. Go on walks to the beach, or into town, see friends and just focus on making the most of your summer. Staying in your room can make your anxiety worse. Treat yourself. Use the rest of your time before results day to treat yourself to something special. ____18____ Giving yourself treats (big or small) is a way to remind yourself that whatever grades you get, you still matter. Do what you can. When I was stressed about results day, I had tunnel vision. I could only focus on the things I couldn’t control—like grades, or what I was going to do if I didn’t get into my first choice university. But worrying about things that have already happened wasn’t helpful because they were out of my control. ____19____ Talk to people. ____20____ Reach out to them and see how they feel. That being said, make sure you talk to the right people. If you know some of your friends will start panicking and make your anxiety worse, avoid bringing up your fears with them. We all get worried when there’s a big event coming up. But remember—nothing has actually happened yet. You might even be pleasantly surprised. Good luck—you’ve got this! A. Step outside. B. Go for a walk. C. Don’t stop writing until it’s all out. D. Your friends are probably in the same boat. E. So I focused my energy on what I could control. F. There is nothing better than having good friends. G. After all, you worked hard and sat all those exams. 【答案】16. C 17. A 18. G 19. E 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是应对成绩公布日焦虑的方法。 【16题详解】 前文“Just let it all out in one big word rush and don’t worry about spelling or grammar—no one else will see this!(把所有想法都一股脑写下来，不要担心拼写或语法——反正没人会看到！)”提到是把所有感受一股脑地写出来，不用担心拼写和语法，C选项“Don’t stop writing until it’s all out.(不要停笔，直到写完为止)”进一步强调写作的过程，即一直写，直到把所有担忧都写出来为止，与前文倡导的尽情书写以释放焦虑相呼应，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选C。 【17题详解】 空格处是本段小标题，空后“Take advantage of the nice weather (so long as it’s not too hot!) and get some fresh air. Go on walks to the beach, or into town, see friends and just focus on making the most of your summer.(好好利用好天气（只要不是太热就好），呼吸点新鲜空气。去海边散步，或者到城里去，见见朋友，尽情享受你的夏天吧)”说明了要走到户外去，A选项“Step outside.(走出去)”概括了本段内容，可作为小标题，故选A。 【18题详解】 前文“Use the rest of your time before results day to treat yourself to something special.(在成绩公布前剩下的时间里，好好犒劳一下自己，给自己买点/享受点特别的东西)”提到用这段时间给自己一些特别的东西，犒劳自己。G选项“After all, you worked hard and sat all those exams.(毕竟，你努力学习，参加了所有的考试)”解释了犒劳自己的原因，即毕竟自己努力学习并参加了所有考试，无论成绩如何都值得犒劳，与该部分主题紧密相关，增强了犒劳自己的合理性。故选G。 【19题详解】 前文“But worrying about things that have already happened wasn’t helpful because they were out of my control.(但是担心已经发生的事情并没有帮助，因为它们已经超出了我的控制范围)”指出担心已经发生且无法控制的事情没有帮助，E选项“So I focused my energy on what I could control.(所以我把精力集中在我能控制的事情上)”则表明作者转变了做法，把精力集中在自己能控制的事情上，与前文形成因果关系，逻辑连贯。故选E。 【20题详解】 后文“Reach out to them and see how they feel.(去接触他们，看看他们的感受)”提到联系他们看看他们的感受。空处需点明“他们”是谁。D选项“Your friends are probably in the same boat.(你的朋友可能和你处境相同)”说明朋友可能也处于和你一样的状况，有同样的担忧，所以联系他们交流感受是合理的，为后文建议与朋友交流做了铺垫。故选D。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One moment after I pressed the timer, the microwave began working. Then, ____21____, I heard a loud explosion. My husband and I jumped up to see what had happened. The microwave door opened, and the plate I placed ____22____ the bowl flew out and fell apart on the floor, ____23____ by the clear bowl filled with eggs and water. There were eggs and ____24____ glass everywhere. We were both ____25____ poached eggs (荷包蛋). He was cooking his on the stove (炉子), and I was preparing mine in the microwave. I ____26____ him, saying that mine would be softer. “What happened?” he asked. “The video said to put the eggs in a bowl, ____27____ it with a plate, and microwave it for two minutes to get soft poached eggs,” I explained. “But after two minutes, the eggs still looked ____28____, so I added a couple more ____29____, put the plate back on the bowl, and start the microwave again.” Warning! Placing a plate over a bowl of water ____30____ steam inside, causing pressure to build up. Once the pressure becomes too high, boom (发出轰响)！ “Well, it looks like my poached eggs turned out ____31____,” my husband said with a self-satisfied smile. Months later, as we gathered with our family for holidays, my husband told the ____32____ repeatedly. My grandson even announced that this would be a new way to ____33____ historical moments in our family, like, “Oh! That happened about five years after Grandma ____34____ the microwave!” Everyone laughed. This wasn’t a life-changing event, but it’s definitely one our family will always ____35____ — with a smile. 21. A. gradually B. suddenly C. eventually D. naturally 22. A. on top of B. in front of C. at the side of D. at the back of 23. A. pushed B. caused C. knocked D. followed 24. A. colorful B. shiny C. broken D. large 25. A. choosing B. making C. finishing D. eating 26. A. thanked B. helped C. asked D. challenged 27. A. hit B. fill C. cover D. lift 28. A. watery B. solid C. tasty D. whole 29. A. spoons B. minutes C. eggs D. plates 30. A. dries B. reduces C. allows D. traps 31. A. harder B. funnier C. better D. faster 32. A. story B. belief C. message D. truth 33. A. record B. count C. celebrate D. mark 34. A. gave away B. blew up C. turned of D. looked for 35. A. want B. find C. remember D. believe 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者用微波炉做荷包蛋引发爆炸，事后成为家庭趣味回忆故事。 【21题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后，我突然听到一声巨响。A. gradually逐渐地；B. suddenly突然地；C. eventually最终地；D. naturally自然地。根据上文“One moment after I pressed the timer, the microwave began working.”及下文“I heard a loud explosion”可知，巨响是毫无预兆突然发生的。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：微波炉门开了，我放在碗上面的盘子飞了出来，摔在地上碎了。A. on top of在……顶部；B. in front of在……前面；C. at the side of在……旁边；D. at the back of在……后部。根据下文“The video said to put the eggs in a bowl, ____ it with a plate”可知，盘子是盖在碗的上方的。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：紧接着是装满鸡蛋和水的透明碗掉了出来。A. pushed推；B. caused导致；C. knocked敲；D. followed跟随。根据上文“the plate I placed ____ the bowl flew out and fell apart on the floor”可知，盘子摔出去之后，碗也跟着掉了出来。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到处都是鸡蛋和碎玻璃。A. colorful彩色的；B. shiny闪亮的；C. broken破碎的；D. large大的。根据上文“I heard a loud explosion”可知，发生了“爆炸”，由此推测，碗和盘子都摔碎了，所以是碎玻璃。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们俩当时都在做荷包蛋。A. choosing选择；B. making制作；C. finishing完成；D. eating吃。根据下文“He was cooking his on the stove (炉子), and I was preparing mine in the microwave.”可知，作者和丈夫都在制作荷包蛋。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我向他挑战，说我的荷包蛋会更嫩。A. thanked感谢；B. helped帮助；C. asked询问；D. challenged挑战，叫板。根据下文“saying that mine would be softer”可知，作者是在和丈夫比拼，认为自己做的会更好。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“视频上说把鸡蛋放进碗里，用盘子盖住碗，用微波炉加热两分钟就能做出软的荷包蛋，” 我解释道。A. hit击打；B. fill填满；C. cover覆盖；D. lift举起。根据下文“put the plate back on the bowl”中的on the bowl可知，盘子是放在碗上的，即盖住了碗。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但两分钟后，鸡蛋看起来还是水汪汪的，所以我又多加热了几分钟。A. watery含水的；水汪汪的；B. solid固体的；C. tasty美味的；D. whole完整的。根据下文“put the plate back on the bowl, and start the microwave again.”可知，因为鸡蛋没做好还是稀的，所以才会延长加热时间。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但两分钟后，鸡蛋看起来还是水汪汪的，所以我又多加热了几分钟。A. spoons勺子；B. minutes分钟；C. eggs鸡蛋；D. plates盘子。根据上文“microwave it for two minutes”可知，作者是增加了加热的分钟数。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：警告！在一碗水上面放一个盘子会困住里面的蒸汽，导致压力增大。A. dries使干燥；B. reduces减少；C. allows允许；D. traps困住；使陷入。根据下文“causing pressure to build up”可知，蒸汽被盘子挡住无法散出，也就是被困住了，进而导致压力升高。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“好吧，看来我的荷包蛋做得更好，”丈夫带着自满的微笑说。A. harder更硬的；B. funnier更有趣的；C. better更好的；D. faster更快的。根据下文“my husband said with a self-satisfied smile”可知，丈夫觉得自己用炉子做的荷包蛋比作者的好。故选C。 32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：几个月后，当我们和家人聚在一起过节时，我丈夫反复讲这个故事。A. story故事；B. belief信念；C. message信息；D. truth真相。根据下文“That happened about five years after Grandma ____ the microwave!”可知，此处指作者做荷包蛋这件事，丈夫是把作者用微波炉做荷包蛋引发爆炸的这件事当作故事讲给家人听。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的孙子甚至宣布，这将成为我们家标记历史时刻的一种新方式。A. record记录；B. count数数；C. celebrate庆祝；D. mark标记。根据下文“like, ‘Oh! That happened about five years after Grandma ____ the microwave!’”可知，是用这件事来标记其他事情发生的时间。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：比如，“哦！那件事发生在奶奶炸了微波炉大约五年后！”A. gave away赠送；泄露；B. blew up炸毁，使爆炸；C. turned off关闭；D. looked for寻找。根据上文“I heard a loud explosion. My husband and I jumped up to see what had happened.”可知，微波炉因为操作不当发生了爆炸，此处用blew up对应爆炸这件事。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这不是一件改变人生的大事，但绝对是我们家人会永远笑着记住的一件事。A. want想要；B. find找到；C. remember记住；D. believe相信。根据上文“my husband told the ____ repeatedly.”以及“  My grandson even announced that this would be a new way to ____ historical moments in our family”可知，这件事成为了家庭的趣味回忆，会被一直记住。故选C。 第Ⅱ卷 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you had enough trouble spelling English words to make you want to scream? You are not alone. Part of the problem ____36____ (cause) by the diverse origins of English words. German, Latin, French and Greek are all common sources, with each following a different set of rules for spelling. In fact, even within any one of these languages, it is impossible ____37____ (guarantee) consistency. Some English learners know that memorizing the Latin roots of English words is a great way to expand their vocabulary, ____38____ most of these words were actually from French after the 11th century. By the time English was again allowed at the court, it was a French-influenced language (Middle English). There was actually no set form of spelling. In Geoffrey Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales, the same word can be found ____39____ (spell) differently in different places. This was not his fault. He was ____40____ (simple) following the rules of spelling for his time. Standardization didn’t come ____41____ the 15th century. The use of the printing press and mass distribution of books froze the spelling of words. The very spelling system we use today is based on the pronunciation of that time. Between 1450 and 1750, English pronunciation went through ____42____ experts call the Great Vowel Shift. ____43____ the nature of how English words are pronounced has evolved, the spelling system has remained largely unchanged. Supporters of English spelling reform argue that replacing words with more phonetically accurate letter ____44____ (combination) will promote literacy. Others don’t think so. They say that the spelling system we use today leaves plenty of keys to ____45____ (unlock) the history of the language, helping readers understand the origins of words. 【答案】36. is caused 37. to guarantee 38. but 39. spelled##spelt 40. simply 41. until 42. what 43. Although##Though##While 44. combinations 45. unlocking 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了英语单词拼写的问题，包括其多样性的来源、历史演变以及对于拼写改革的争议。 【36题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：部分问题是由英语单词的多样起源造成的。cause(造成)是谓语动词，与主语Part of the problem之间是被动关系，且描述客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是不可数名词，be动词用is。故填is caused。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：事实上，即使在这些语言中的任何一种内部，也无法保证一致性。“it is impossible to do sth.”是固定句型，意为“做某事是不可能的”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语。故填to guarantee。 【38题详解】 考查连词。句意：一些英语学习者知道，记住英语单词的拉丁词根是扩大词汇量的好方法，但这些单词中的大多数实际上是在11世纪之后来自法语。根据句意可知，前后文之间是转折关系，应用but连接两个句子。故填but。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在杰弗里·乔叟的《坎特伯雷故事集》中，同一个词在不同的地方拼写不同。spell(拼写)作主语补足语，用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语the same word之间是被动关系，应用过去分词表被动，spell的过去分词为spelled或者spelt。故填spelled/spelt。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：他只是遵循了他那个时代的拼写规则。提示词修饰动词following，用副词simply作状语，意为“仅仅，只”。故填simply。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：标准化直到15世纪才出现。“not...until...”是固定句型，意为“直到……才……”。故填until。 【42题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：在1450年至1750年间，英语发音经历了专家们称之为元音大转变的过程。“ ____ experts call the Great Vowel Shift”是宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，表示“专家们称之为元音大转变的事情”，应用连接代词what引导该从句。故填what。 【43题详解】 考查连词。句意：尽管英语单词的发音方式已经发生了演变，但拼写系统基本保持不变。根据句意可知，前后文之间是让步关系，应用从属连词although/though/while引导让步状语从句；句首单词首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。 【44题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：支持英语拼写改革的人认为，用更符合语音准确的字母组合替换单词将有助于提高识字率。可数名词combination(组合)作宾语，字母组合有很多种，用复数形式。故填combinations。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们说，我们今天使用的拼写系统留下了许多解开语言历史的钥匙，帮助读者理解单词的起源。“key to sth./doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“……的关键”，to是介词，接动名词unlocking作宾语。故填unlocking。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 某英语报正在举办以“Reduce, Reuse and Recycle”为题的征文活动，要求用生活中的具体事例诠释减少浪费的“3R”理念。请你写一篇短文投稿。 注意：1.词数100左右; 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯; 3.开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Reduce, Reuse and Recycle I want to talk about a very important topic, cutting down on waste by 3R: Reduce, Reuse and Recycle. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Reduce, Reuse and Recycle I want to talk about a very important topic, cutting down on waste by 3R: Reduce, Reuse and Recycle. Our planet earth has limited resources and we are draining them away at an alarming rate. It is imperative that we step up on measures to ensure the sustainability of our resources for future generations. One important aspect is to cut down on our waste. Switching off lights when no one is in the room, taking public transport instead of driving cars and even ensuring that there is no food wastage when we go for buffet are all efforts we can do in our daily lives to help reduce waste. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于说明文。要求考生以“Reduce, Reuse and Recycle”为主题，为某英语报写一篇征文。 【详解】1.词汇积累 以惊人的速度：at an alarming rate → with an amazing speed 至关重要的：imperative → vital / crucial 减少：cut down → reduce / lessen 关掉、断开：switch off → turn off 2.句式拓展 同义句 原句：It is imperative that we step up on measures to ensure the sustainability of our resources for future generations. 拓展句：I consider it imperative that we step up on measures to ensure the sustainability of our resources for future generations. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It is imperative that we step up on measures to ensure the sustainability of our resources for future generations.(运用了it形式主语句式和虚拟语气) 【高分句型2】Switching off lights when no one is in the room, taking public transport instead of driving cars and even ensuring that there is no food wastage when we go for buffet are all efforts we can do in our daily lives to help reduce wastage.(运用了when引导的时间状语从句、that引导的宾语从句和省略了关系词的定语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 注意： 1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。 I could feel the excitement rising in me as I held the beautifully wrapped present in my hands. It was a new laptop (笔记本电脑). I had always envied my friends who were sharing news about “chat rooms” and “e-mailing”. Now I was going to find out. It started out simply enough. I was searching for some information online when I came across a social networking site. Soon I became glued to my new-found online friend. I began to spend more and more time on the Internet. Whenever I was not visiting these social networking sites, I would be going through gossip websites. As time passed, I realized that I was addicted to the Internet. It came to a point where I chose to lock myself in my room, refusing to come out and take part in family discussions. Soon I was spending the early morning on the Internet. Sleep was reduced to naps and my grades at school also began deteriorating (恶化). It was about this time that my parents started voicing their disapproval. I was asked to cut down on my use of the Internet. Yet, however hard I tried, I was unable to pull myself away and unable to focus on my lessons. Then one day, my father took away my laptop. I shouted angrily, but to no effect. That was when I decided to take the big step — to overcome my Internet addiction. Quitting was harder than I expected. But I promised my parents that I would turn over a new page and find ways to break away from the Internet. I started by creating a list of things to be finished during the day. Then, I set aside sometime each day to work on these tasks, which helped me stay focused throughout the day. With the help of my family, my Internet addiction gradually faded away. Paragraph 1: One evening I came to Mum’s bedroom for a rare heart-to-heart conversation. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: I promised that I would turn over a new page. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 One evening I came to Mum’s bedroom for a rare heart-to-heart conversation. I said to my Mum that I wanted to stop. I knew the addiction to living in a virtual world was consuming my life, and affecting my study. It had made me feel disconnected from the real world and left me without real-life friends. And Mum told me this situation made her and father almost desperate. If the situation got worse, they would take back the laptop or adopt other effective measures. Now she was glad that I had realized my problem. I promised that I would turn over a new page. From that night on, I was committed to breaking free from my addiction to the virtual world. It was not easy, but I slowly began to rebuild my connections with the real world. I started to do volunteer work in my community. Determined to keep my education on track, I worked hard at my schoolwork for 10 hours a day to make up for the lost time. And the progress I made brought me a sense of achievement I had never experienced on the Internet. In the end, my life was back to normal, both at home and at school. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者收到新笔记本电脑后，因接触社交和八卦网站而逐渐网络成瘾，出现拒绝参与家庭活动、熬夜上网、成绩下滑等问题。父母不满并要求减少上网时间，但作者难以自拔。父亲收走电脑后，作者决定克服网瘾，虽过程艰难，但通过制定任务清单、安排时间等方法，在家人帮助下最终成功戒除网瘾。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“一天晚上，我来到妈妈的卧室，进行了一次难得的交心谈话。”可知，第一段可描写作者和妈妈谈话的内容。 ②由第二段首句内容“我答应过要翻开新的一页。”可知，第二段可描写作者承诺改过自新后，积极努力戒除对虚拟世界的网瘾并回归正常生活的具体行动与成果。 2.续写线索：主动沟通——说明问题——获得回应——承诺改变——付诸行动——专注学业——收获成果——回归正常 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①吞噬生活：consume my life/devour my life ②致力于：be committed to/be devoted to ③恢复正常：back to normal/put right 情绪类 ①绝望：desperate/hopeless ②高兴的：glad/delighted 【点睛】[高分句型1] If the situation went worse, they would take back the laptop or adopt other effective measures. (由if引导的条件状语从句) [高分句型2] And the progress I made brought me a sense of achievement I had never experienced on the Internet. (运用了两个由关系代词that/which引导的限制性定语从句，省略了that/which) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $