高中英语核心语法点汇编 part 24 动名词 清单-2026届高三英语一轮复习专项

高中英语核心语法点汇编 part 24 动名词 1 being 在这里是动名词 有一读者问： 下面两句中的being是分词还是动名词？ 不用可以吗？ (1)Poverty is not being able to have what most people have. It's not being able to live like most people live. 句中的being是动名词，用作表语。这是从语义上得出的结论。如将is being看作现在进行时，那是讲不通的。如将being省去，把able用作表语，也是讲不通的。这里之所以用being,其原因有二：一是用作表语，与主语有同一性，在此连系动词is等于means;二是用来作动名词，没有它，able 就没有着落了。整个句子意味着：贫困就是不能有多数人之所有，就是不能像多数人那样生活。动名词用作表语的情况并不罕见，再如： (2)Her job is washing clothes. (3)Complimenting is lying . (4)The first step in my education was learning to read. (5)Shakespeare must have been a very strong man, but he died in 1616 at the age of fifty-two. For such a constitution, we may say that this was dying young. being用作动名词的情况也不罕见，再如： (6)Being a teacher is being present at the creation. (7)Being a printer is a trade; being a lawyer is a profession. 动名词being 的否定结构是not being, 再如： (8)Not being able to pass his mathematics exam proved an obstacle to his career. 2 being opened and closed是一动名词短语 有一读者问这样一道选择题： (1)The noise of doors_________could be heard out in the street. A. opened and closed B. being opened and closed 答案是B，这是否是为了烘托出一种正在发生的氛围？ being opened and closed在此不是现在分词短语，并不表示“正在发生的动作”，而是表示一种经常发生的动作。它是一动名词短语，与其前的doors（实际上相当于doors'）构成动名词复合结构，用作介词of的宾语。再如： (2)I must say I'm amazed at those fellows doing a thing like that. （fellows=fellows'） 3 his being not able to come并不错 有一读者问一道选择题： He apologized for _____. A. his being not able to come. B. his being able not to come. 我觉得A和B都不对，应填his not being able to come，不知对否？ A与你的填法都对。如果愿意还可以填his being unable to come。 4 关于动名词复合宾语中名（代）词的格 有一读者问这样一道辨错题： (1)Norah did not noise of the . 答案说是C错了，应改为the door，请问这是为什么？ 难道the door不可有所有格形式吗？ 答案是对的。动名词之前的名词（即动名词的逻辑主语，二者合称为动名词复合结构）如是指无生命事物，一般皆不用其所有格（或称生格或属格），而应用其通格。再如： (2)There was a story of money having been buried there. 关于动名词复合结构中的名词或代词应用所有格抑或名词通格或代词宾格的问题，是英美学者长期争论的一个老问题。限于篇幅，这里只能简略谈一些一般情况。除上述表无生命事物的名词多用通格外，还请注意下列几点： 1. 动名词复合结构用作主语和表语时，其中名（代）词多用所有格。 2. 动名词复合结构用作宾语时，其中名词多用通格，尤其在口语中。复形名词更是如此。名词有修饰语时亦然。 3. 动名词复合结构用作宾语时，其中代词（it除外）用所有格的情况稍多于用宾格的情况。 4. 动名词复合结构中的不定代词一般皆不用所有格，如下面句中的anyone: (3)To save anyone asking, what I've told you is definite. 5. 动名词复合结构用作with的宾语时，其中的名（代）词一般皆用通（宾）格。 6. 动名词复合结构用作宾语时，其中的名（代）词如需强调，则应用通（宾）格。 7. see, hear, want等动词后的复合宾语一般都不用名词所有格，而用通（宾）格。 5 how about 在此须后接动名词 有一读者问：如何做这道选择题？ (1)How about_________a film with us? A.seeing B.to see C.see D.seen 须选 A ，因为“How about...?”或“What about...?”中的 about 是一介词，意为“关于”，后须接名（代）词或动名词，如： (2)How about the result? （about 后接名词result） (3)How about going for a swim? （about 后接动名词going） (4)—Coffee, Sarah? —No, thanks. —What about you, Kate? (about 后接代词you) 但在下面两例中，about 之后须接不定式： (5)My father is about to retire. (6)He looked like a man about to faint. 上面两例中的 about表即将或意愿，也有人将be about to称做情态动词。 6 busy 之后常接省去in 的动名词 有一读者问：有下面一个错句： (1)When I came in the house, I found him busy to draw a painting . 划线的错误部分应改成 drawing a painting, 还是应改成 to be drawing a painting? find sb.busy （或be busy）之后不可用不定式，应用动名词（其前省去了介词 in）,故此句应将 to draw a painting 改为 drawing a painting。实际上，形容词 busy 之后一般皆不可接不定式，而常可接省去 in 的动名词（也有语法家称之为现在分词或笼统称之为-ing形式），如： (2)She was busy preparing the meal. (3)His assistant was busy putting the instruments away. (4)Farmers are busy working in the fields. 但下面一句中的too busy 则自然可后接不定式： (5)He was too busy to eat . 7 announced 应改作 announcing 有一读者问：下一句中有何错误？ As she pivoted to leave the stage, the mayor surprised her by placing a baton in her hand and announced that she would lead the band “The Stars and Stripes Forever”. 此句错在用了 announced。从句子的本义来看，介词 by 有两个宾语，一是 placing, 另一个是announcing。 换言之，placing 与announcing 两者应是一种并列关系。因此，announced 应改作 announcing。 8 forbid the catching of 与forbid catching 有一读者问这样一句话： Government regulations strictly forbid the catching and killing of frogs. 此句中的forbid the catching and killing of frogs是否可改写成forbid catching and killing frogs? 二者有何不同？ 可以，二者的区别主要在语法上。forbid the catching and killing of frogs 中的catching and killing是名词化的动名词，名词性较强；forbid catching and killing frogs中的catching and killing 是动名词，动词性较强。 在意义上，二者区别不大，只是the catching and killing of frogs 有区别于其他情况的含义，如是“捕杀”青蛙，而不是对青蛙进行别的对待，而catching and killing frogs则无此含义。在习惯上，我们似乎多用forbid the catching and killing of frogs。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $