题型04 阅读理解之说明文15篇（浙江专用）（中考典例+热点话题练）-2026年中考英语总复习（浙江专用）

题型04 阅读理解之说明文15篇 (浙江专用) 【题型知识点细目表】 题号 难度 知识点 1 较易 意见/建议,说明文 2 较难 濒危生物,科学技术,说明文 3 较难 科普知识,常见动物,说明文 4 适中 景点/建筑,说明文 5 适中 航天与航空,说明文,中华文化 6 适中 政治/政策,说明文 7 适中 礼仪与习俗,说明文,中华文化 8 适中 情绪,说明文,意见/建议 9 较易 健康饮食,说明文 10 适中 发明与创造,说明文 11 较难 科学技术,说明文 12 适中 电影与戏剧,历史人物,说明文 13 适中 法律/法规,说明文 14 适中 科学技术,说明文 15 较易 健康饮食,健康与运动,说明文 【中考典例】 Sun protection is more than just avoiding sunburn—it’s about keeping your skin healthy and feeling good all summer long. Here are some ways to protect yourself. 1. Use sunscreen (防晒霜) properly Apply sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher 20-30 minutes before going outside. Don’t forget to reapply every two hours, especially after swimming or sweating. Studies show that most people apply too little sunscreen, so using enough (about 1 teaspoon for the face) is key. 2. Wear the right clothes Wear long sleeves, hats, and UV-protective sunglasses. Dark-colored clothes with tight weaves block more UV rays than light ones. A good pair of sunglasses not only protects your eyes but also prevents fine lines around the eyes caused by squinting (眯眼). 3. Seek shade during peak hours The sun is strongest from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. Use natural shade from trees or create your own shade with umbrellas or tents. 4. Drink enough water Drinking plenty of water is important for skin health and overall comfort. When you sweat, your body loses water and salt, so drink lots of water even if you’re not thirsty. You can also enjoy drinks like tea or fruit juice. By following these steps, you’ll reduce the risk of skin damage. Then you can enjoy being outside without worry. Remember: healthy skin means feeling good! 1．Sun protection can not only prevent sunburn but make us _________. A．avoid sweating B．look young C．prevent allergies D．feel good 2．What should you do to keep skin healthy during hot weather? A．Wear light-colored clothes. B．Drink lots of water. C．Avoid using sunglasses. D．Apply sunscreen once a day. 3．This article is most likely taken from which section of a magazine? A．Health. B．Sports. C．Science. D．Travel. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 【导语】本文介绍了防晒的重要性，并介绍了一些防晒的方法。 1．细节理解题。根据“Sun protection is more than just avoiding sunburn—it’s about keeping your skin healthy and feeling good all summer long”可知，防晒不仅能防止晒伤，还能让我们感觉良好。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Drinking plenty of water is important for skin health and overall comfort”可知，在炎热的天气里，多喝水对皮肤健康很重要。故选B。 3．推理判断题。文章主要介绍了防晒的方法和重要性，这些内容与健康相关，因此文章最有可能来自杂志的健康版块。故选A。 Plains wanderers are small, rare birds that live in grasslands. Unlike most birds, female plains wanderers are larger and stronger than males. Females take the lead in protecting their nests and babies from animals like foxes, while males often sit on the eggs to keep them warm. These birds are hard to find because their feathers blend into the grass, making them look like part of the landscape. Sadly, their numbers have been dropping because people are taking over their grassland homes for farms and cities. To save them, scientists are using AI. The key is the birds’ calls. Mother wanderers make soft sounds to talk to their chicks and warn about danger. These calls are quiet and easy to miss, but AI can hear them clearly. Scientists put microphones in the grasslands to record sounds all day and night. Then they put these recordings into a computer program. The AI learns to tell the wanderers’ calls apart from other noises, like the wind blowing or insects chirping. This helps scientists find where the mother birds are and how many chicks they have. “AI helps us monitor these birds without bothering them,” says Dr. Lee, who leads the project. “We can find the most important areas for them and work to protect those places.” Once, the AI helped scientists find a hidden nest with three baby birds. Without AI, they might not have found it. Thanks to this technology, there is new hope for these rare birds, showing that AI can be a powerful tool in saving wildlife. 1．What do we know about plains wanderers? A．Males are larger than females. B．They are easy to find in grasslands. C．Mother birds are bigger and protect babies. D．They are common in many habitats. 2．The underlined word “monitor” in the last paragraph probably means “________”. A．see B．catch C．feed D．follow 3．How do scientists use AI to find plains wanderers? A．By taking photos of their nests. B．By tracking their flying paths. C．By counting eggs in the grass. D．By analyzing calls from mother birds. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．Why plains wanderers are rare. B．How mother wanderers protect their chicks. C．What AI can do in daily life. D．How scientists use AI to protect plains wanderers. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文介绍了濒危鸟类平原流浪鸟的独特习性及科学家利用AI技术保护该物种的创新方法。 1．细节理解题。根据“female plains wanderers are larger and stronger than males.”及“Females take the lead in protecting their nests and babies from animals”可知，母鸟体型较大，并会保护幼鸟，故选C。 2．词义猜测题。根据“AI helps us monitor these birds without bothering them”“We can find the most important areas for them”“Once, the AI helped scientists find a hidden nest with three baby birds”可知，AI可以帮助人们监控到这些鸟的一些情况，所以划线单词与follow词义最相近，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Mother wanderers make soft sounds to talk to their chicks and warn about danger. These calls are quiet and easy to miss, but AI can hear them clearly.…This helps scientists find where the mother birds are and how many chicks they have.”可知，通过分析母鸟的叫声来寻找平原流浪鸟，故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Thanks to this technology, there is new hope for these rare birds, showing that AI can be a powerful tool in saving wildlife.”可判断，本文介绍了濒危鸟类平原流浪鸟的独特习性及科学家利用AI技术保护该物种的创新方法，故选D。 Every year, lots of animals around the world go on migrating (迁徙 ) journeys. Some need to find food, others are looking for somewhere to produce and raise their young. Migrations can be long and difficult for animals, but new research on birds has found that farmland along the way can help their progress. In spring, hundreds of thousands of birds living near Lake Poyang, in China, fly north to Siberia, Russia. On the way, they find places to stop and eat to keep their energy levels up for the long journey. Some birds, such as geese, eat young grass that starts to grow at the beginning of the season. This food can last for only a few weeks. And rising temperatures caused by climate change can sometimes make the grass grow earlier than usual. This means that some birds are arriving too late to eat the grass. As more land is used for farming, the natural wetlands where birds like to search for food are disappearing, too. A team of researchers have recently chosen to follow 246 birds, including geese and tundra swans, that are flying from Lake Poyang to Siberia. They find that the birds have changed their diets to adapt (适应) to the environments they pass through. As well as eating grass from the wetlands along the way, the birds are also eating seeds (种子) dropped by farmers. The researchers believe that seeds will become a more important part of migrating birds’ diets as more natural wetlands disappear. They suggest that if farmers use different ways of harvesting, such as using machines that leave behind more seeds in fields, it could help to feed migrating birds. However, they also say wetlands must be protected, so the birds can enjoy different foods during their long journeys. 1．Which can be a reason for animal migration according to Paragraph 1? A．Raising their babies. B．Enjoying the journey. C．Sending food to others. D．Taking care of the old. 2．What problem might the birds meet when flying from Lake Poyang to Siberia? A．There is no grass growing along the way. B．There is a sudden drop in temperature on the way. C．Fewer natural wetlands are left for them to find food. D．Some of the birds set out early and eat too much grass. 3．How do the birds adapt to the environments they pass through? A．By changing their diets. B．By changing the way they fly. C．By making their homes in wetlands. D．By making fiends with farmers. 4．What can be the best title of the text? A．Stop killing, stop polluting B．Save water, save life C．Bids help harvesting work D．Farms help migrating birds 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了农田如何帮助迁徙的鸟类。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Some need to find food, others are looking for somewhere to produce and raise their young.”可知，动物迁徙的原因之一是为了繁殖和抚养后代。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“As more land is used for farming, the natural wetlands where birds like to search for food are disappearing, too.”可知，鸟类在迁徙途中可能面临的问题是自然湿地的减少，导致觅食困难。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“They find that the birds have changed their diets to adapt (适应) to the environments they pass through.”可知，鸟类通过改变饮食来适应经过的环境。故选A。 4．最佳标题题。根据文章内容，尤其是第一段“farmland along the way can help their progress”以及第四段“seeds will become a more important part of migrating birds’ diets”可知，文章主要讲述了农田如何帮助迁徙的鸟类。故选D。 If you are looking for somewhere special to visit in London, we may have the answer for you: Sir John Soane’s Museum. The museum is one of London’s best-kept secrets, and it’s well worth a visit. Sir John, a great architect (建筑师), lived in London during the 18th century (1753—1837), and the amazing thing is that his house is exactly the same as he left it. In fact, visiting the house is just like stepping back in time. There are three floors which are open to the public. You can start on the first floor. This was Sir John’s work area. You can ask the guards about the paintings on the walls as they tell you something about this family and life. And don’t worry about the guards as they are really nice and helpful. Next, you can go downstairs to the ground floor. Here you can see his rich collection of paintings. For example, there is a series (系列) of interesting paintings about 18th century life in London. Now comes the last part, the underground floor. It’s full of thousands of valuable objects, such as sculptures (雕塑) and models of famous buildings from all over the world. Walking around this part of the house is a bit like being on a treasure hunt, as you can find things hidden away in secret corners. Anyway, you’ll have to go there yourself to see. Sir John Soane’s Museum is a very small place. It’s only about ten minutes’ walk from the British Museum. There is a free hour-long guided tour every Saturday at 2:30 pm, but the best thing is just to walk about by yourself. So now you know where to go next time you’re in London. We guarantee that it’s an experience you won’t forget! 1．Why is Sir John Soane’s Museum special according to Paragraph 1? A．It is the oldest museum in London. B．There is a time machine in it. C．It is kept the same as Sir John left it. D．There are lots of secret boxes in it. 2．In which order does the writer advise people to visit the museum? ①the underground floor ②the ground floor ③the first floor A．①②③ B．②①③ C．①③② D．③②① 3．What can be seen on the ground floor of the museum? A．A series of interesting paintings. B．Pictures of Sir John and his family. C．A valuable collection of sculptures. D．Models of famous buildings in the world. 4．What does the underlined word “guarantee” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．hear B．decide C．promise D．remember 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了约翰·索恩爵士博物馆。 1．细节理解题。根据“and the amazing thing is that his house is exactly the same as he left it”可知令人惊奇的是，他的房子和他离开时一模一样。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“You can start on the first floor...Next, you can go downstairs to the ground floor...Now comes the last part, the underground floor.”可知先参观二楼，然后下楼到一楼，最后到地下楼层。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Here you can see his rich collection of paintings. For example, there is a series (系列) of interesting paintings about 18th century life in London”可知在这里你可以看到他丰富的绘画收藏，例如，有一系列关于18世纪伦敦生活的有趣画作。故选A。 4．词义猜测题。根据“We guarantee that it’s an experience you won’t forget!”可知是保证这是一次你不会忘记的经历，故此处划线部分和promise意义相近。故选C。 【热点话题练习】 So far, China has sent a large number of satellites (卫星) and spaceships into space. Space scientists have been greatly inspired (赋予灵感) by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names. Since thousands of years ago, Chinese people have dreamed of going to the moon. Chang’e Flies to the Moon is one of the most popular stories. As you can see, China’s first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang’e Ⅰ. More interestingly, the moon rover (巡视器) was named after the Jade Rabbit, who is the partner of Chang’e in the story. These old stories carry people’s best wishes and dreams. With the development of science and technology, our scientists have made them come true. Kua Fu Runs After the Sun is another story to show how much ancient Chinese people wanted to know about the unknown world. Now, Kua Fu is going with the scientists to “visit” the sun, because we have a space project called Kua Fu Mission. Besides the ancient stories, space scientists also get ideas from ancient famous people. For example, Mozi, an ancient scientist, discovered that light travels in a straight line over 2,000 years ago. His discovery made space study take a big step at that time. So, China’s first quantum (量子) science satellite was named Mozi, making China the first country in the world to achieve quantum communication between satellites and the ground. From such simple things as giving names to the satellites, we can see how great our traditional culture is and what influence it has on our modern science and technology. 1．What do we know about Chang’e Ⅰ according to the text? A．It moves around the moon. B．It produces the Jade Rabbit. C．It “visits” the sun with the scientists. D．It is the world’s first man-made satellite. 2．How does the writer support his opinion in Paragraph 4? A．By listing numbers. B．By comparing facts. C．By giving an example. D．By reporting a result. 3．Which is the right structure of the text? A． B． C． D． 4．What’s the writer’s main purpose of writing the text? A．To tell us something about the traditional Chinese culture. B．To explain how our scientists develop the space industry. C．To introduce the achievements in our science and technology. D．To tell how traditional Chinese culture influences our space science. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国航天科学家从古代故事和名人中获取灵感来命名卫星，以此展现中国传统文化对现代航天科学的影响。 1．细节理解题。根据“As you can see, China’s first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang’e Ⅰ.”可知，嫦娥一号是中国第一颗绕月飞行的人造卫星。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“For example, Mozi, an ancient scientist, discovered that light travels in a straight line over 2,000 years ago. His discovery made space study take a big step at that time.”可知，作者举墨子号的例子（墨子发现光线直线传播，卫星以此命名）来支持自己的观点。故选C。 3．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段介绍文章主题，航天科学与古代传统文化有关；第二、三、四段分别从中国传统故事以及古代著名人物方面介绍；最后一段总结全文。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据“From such simple things as giving names to the satellites, we can see how great our traditional culture is and what influence it has on our modern science and technology.”并结合全文可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍中国传统文化如何影响我们的航天科学。故选D。 Building Bridges Between Nations ①In 2013, China proposed (提议) the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI, “一带一路”倡议). It’s the 10th anniversary (周年) of the BRI this year. More than 150 countries and over 30 international organizations have taken part in it. People from the Belt and Road countries have a deeper understanding of it. ②Many young people from those countries stand by the idea of the BRI. Lashyn, a Kazakh (哈萨克的) student at Nazarbayev University, said that in 2013 she visited China. “To me, it was an amazing new world with different cultures.” So she decided to continue learning Chinese. Thandi, 22, from South Africa, said that the BRI helped improve relationships between countries all over the world. “I support a win-win relationship of the BRI,” she told China Daily. ③Great changes happen in the Belt and Road countries. Kairat from Kazakhstan (哈萨克斯坦) grew up in a small town 35 km away from the border (边境) with China. When he was little, he always waited for his father who worked in China to bring candies and new toys. “The center helped many people to improve the way of life. They built new houses, schools and also developed roads. That makes our life easier,” said Kairat. ④The BRI also brings changes to China. Wang Zongnan, a student in Tsinghua University, notices that recently there are more and more people from the Belt and Road countries coming to China as international students. He said, “That really changed how we look at questions and social problems.” ⑤The BRI covers almost all parts of people’s lives, including travel, trade, education, technology and culture. Like a bridge, it continues to bring the world closer than ever. 1．What does the underlined phrase “stand by” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．doubt B．support C．delete D．compare 2．How does the writer introduce the changes brought by BRI in Paragraph 3 and 4? A．By giving examples. B．By listing numbers. C．By comparing facts. D．By telling stories. 3．What can we learn according to the passage? A．The BRI makes all parts of people’s lives better. B．Thandi likes Chinese and different cultures in China. C．In Lashyn’s eyes, the BRI helps improve people’s life in her country. D．The BRI has brought great changes to both China and other countries. 4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了“一带一路”倡议提出十周年以来，在促进国家间关系、改善沿线国家人民生活以及促进文化交流等方面带来的积极影响和变化。 1．词句猜测题。根据“Lashyn...said that in 2013 she visited China. ‘To me, it was an amazing new world...’ So she decided to continue learning Chinese. Thandi...said that the BRI helped improve relationships... ‘I support a win-win relationship of the BRI,’...”可推知，这些年轻人对“一带一路”倡议持积极和肯定的态度。故“stand by”在此意为“支持”。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第③段引用了来自哈萨克斯坦的Kairat的具体经历和感受，以及第④段引用了清华大学学生王宗南的观察，可推知作者是通过列举具体人物的事例和言论来介绍“一带一路”带来的变化。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Great changes happen in the Belt and Road countries.”以及“The BRI also brings changes to China.”可知，“一带一路”倡议给中国和其他国家都带来了巨大变化。故选D。 4．篇章结构题。分析文章结构：第①段总体介绍“一带一路”倡议；第②段阐述各国年轻人对其的支持；第③段和第④段分别具体说明“一带一路”给沿线国家和中国带来的变化，二者为并列关系；第⑤段总结“一带一路”像桥梁一样连接世界。故选C。 Throughout China’s National Day Holiday of 2023, about 50,000 tourists gathered daily in the fishing village of Xunpu in Fujian. They dressed themselves in different kinds of costumes, ranging from horse-face skirts to Dai ethnic clothing, but all of them wore colorful flowers on the head. ▲ Children aged eight to twelve wear flowers on both sides of their temples. Teenagers, around the age of 13, decorate their round bun-like hair with fresh flowers. Middle-aged women style their hair in a spiral bun (螺旋发髻), decorated with flowers. When it comes to elderly women, a red headscarf, alongside red flowers, is preferred. The tradition of flower-wearing among Xunpu women has been recognized as part of China’s intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) in 2008. The flower decoration culture has a long history in China. The tradition of wearing flowers has been a part of Xunpu women’s lives since the Tang and Yuan dynasties. The locals believe that if you “put flowers in your hair in this life, and you’ll also be pretty in the after-life.” The earliest record can be found in the Record on Travel to Nanyue by Lu Jia from the Han dynasty. Flower decoration carries a deep meaning of blessing. During the Han dynasty, people, including men, wore cornels (山茱萸) as a way to avoid evil (邪恶的) spirits and wish for long life during the Double Ninth Festival, a traditional Chinese festival that celebrates the elders. Although the culture to wear flowers changes with historical development, the flower-wearing traditions in Xunpu have remained to the present day, attracting so many women from different areas to follow them, because it symbolizes people’s hopes for a better life. 1．Why does the writer mention the visitors gathered in Xunpu? A．To introduce a popular fish village. B．To describe how they enjoyed themselves. C．To show the popularity of wearing flowers. D．To explain there were many people traveling there. 2．Which of the following can be put in ▲ ? A．How to wear flowers is different according to the wearer’s age. B．However, the custom of men wearing flowers did not last long. C．Competitions for women in designing flower hairstyles are popular. D．Xunpu locals traditionally send out invitation cards with beautiful flowers. 3．What does the underlined word “blessing” in paragraph 3 mean? A．evils B．tradition C．wishes D．health 4．What is the text mainly about? A．How to wear flowers in different ages. B．China’s floral headdress tradition. C．The history of flower decoration culture. D．Traditional festivals in China. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了福建蟳埔村女性戴花的传统习俗，包括不同年龄段女性的戴花方式、这一习俗的历史渊源以及其象征意义，强调了蟳埔村戴花传统作为中国非物质文化遗产的一部分所承载的人们对美好生活的向往。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“They dressed themselves in different kinds of costumes...but all of them wore colorful flowers on the head.”可知，游客们穿着不同种类的服装，但都头上戴着五颜六色的花，结合后文对蟳埔女性戴花传统的介绍，可推断作者提到聚集在蟳埔的游客是为了展示戴花的流行。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Children aged eight to twelve wear flowers on both sides of their temples. Teenagers, around the age of 13, decorate their round bun-like hair with fresh flowers. Middle-aged women style their hair in a spiral bun (螺旋发髻), decorated with flowers. When it comes to elderly women, a red headscarf, alongside red flowers, is preferred.”可知，本段主要介绍了不同年龄段女性戴花的方式不同，A选项“戴花的方式因佩戴者的年龄而异”符合语境，可放在空白处。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“Flower decoration carries a deep meaning of blessing. During the Han dynasty, people, including men, wore cornels (山茱萸) as a way to avoid evil (邪恶的) spirits and wish for long life during the Double Ninth Festival...”可知，戴花承载着深厚的祝福意义，在汉朝，人们戴山茱萸是为了避邪和祈求长寿，由此可推断“blessing”意为“祝福，愿望”。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章内容，尤其是第二段“The tradition of flower-wearing among Xunpu women has been recognized as part of China’s intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) in 2008.”可知，本文主要介绍了中国蟳埔女性的戴花传统，包括不同年龄段女性的戴花方式、这一习俗的历史渊源以及其象征意义。故选B。 Bad things happen to many of us. Something makes you sad, angry, frustrated or disappointed. But you still have to get up and go to work. Everything others say to you sounds stupid. Everyone seems to annoy you from time to time. Luckily, you can do something about it. Here are some ways to turn around a bad day. Accepting that you’re in a bad mood is not that hard. If you’re mad, be mad. If you are sad, be sad. This does not give you license to be rude and unpleasant to others. It just means that you need to recognize and accept your bad mood to be able to do something. You can try to keep your bad mood a secret and put on your happy mask. But guess what! You’re fooling nobody around you but yourself. The best thing to do is to tell the people you work closely with what is happening to you. Just simply tell them “Listen, I’m in a really bad mood today. I’m not sure why, but it has nothing to do with you. If I bite your head off, I say sorry in advance.” Spend a few moments trying thinking of at least one or two things that aren’t all bad: Something that you look forward to, such as a person you like at work or something nice that happened recently. Take some quiet time. Have a walk in your lunch break. Sit and work somewhere peaceful alone. Take a relaxing long bathroom break. Consider going home early or taking the day off. 1．If you’re in a bad mood, you should ______. A．be rude B．keep it a secret C．accept it D．be angry 2．The underlined phrase “bite your head off” means ______. A．make your head hurt B．am mad at you C．can’t understand you D．am not angry with you 3．What can we infer from Paragraph 3 about the author’s attitude towards “telling colleagues about your bad mood”? A．It is unnecessary because colleagues may not care about your mood. B．It is helpful to avoid misunderstanding with colleagues. C．It is risky because it may make colleagues think you are impolite. D．It is a must even if you don’t know the reason for your bad mood. 4．The passage mainly tells us ______. A．how to deal with the bad mood B．how to accept what you are C．how to spend some time on yourself D．how to put on a happy mask 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了如何处理你的坏心情。 1．细节理解题。根据“Accepting that you’re in a bad mood is not that hard. If you’re mad, be mad. If you are sad, be sad.”可知，如果你心情不好，你应该接受它。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“I’m not sure why, but it has nothing to do with you. If I bite your head off, I say sorry in advance.”可知，当你心情不好时，可以提前和周围的人说“我今天心情不好跟你没有任何关系，如果我对你生气了，提前说声抱歉”。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“The best thing to do is to tell the people you work closely with what is happening to you. Just simply tell them ‘Listen, I’m in a really bad mood today. I’m not sure why, but it has nothing to do with you. If I bite your head off, I say sorry in advance.’”可推知，避免与同事产生误解是有帮助的。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Bad things happen to many of us. Something makes you sad, angry, frustrated or disappointed...Here are some ways to turn around a bad day.”可知，本文主要讲述了如何处理你的坏心情。故选A。 The idea behind the expression “you are what you eat” is that you need to eat healthy food to be healthy and that eating unhealthy food will likely result in you not feeling your best. Did you know that your brain (大脑) health is also influenced (影响) by the food you eat? Your brain is like the boss of your body! It controls everything you do, from breathing to thinking. Even though it’s only 2% of your weight, it uses 20% of your energy—that’s like one-fifth of the energy your body needs! Your brain burns most of its energy when brain cells talk to each other. The more difficult the task is, the more energy your brain uses (for example, solving a hard math problem vs watching TV), but the difference is still relatively small. Your brain runs on food, just like a car runs on gas! Healthy foods with vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants (like fruits and vegetables) help your brain stay smart and happy. But junk food, especially snacks high in sugar or fat, can slow you down and even make you get angry easily. To keep your brain strong now and in the future, choose healthy foods and eat less unhealthy foods. “Eat the Rainbow” is another expression that means eating fruits and vegetables of different colors every day. Different colors mean different nutrients that work to improve health. Eating fruits and vegetables in all colors gives you and your brain the most benefits! What you eat can change how you feel! Foods with lots of chemicals might taste good, but they can make your stomach uncomfortable and even make you feel moody (喜怒无常的). Scientists now know that a healthy stomach helps keep your brain happy too. Your brain is like your body’s control center—feed it good food like fruits and vegetables to help it stay smart! 1．Which task needs your brain to burn most of its energy? A．Listening to a song. B．Watching a football match. C．Enjoying a magic show. D．Having a difficult math test. 2．What may happen to your brain when you eat junk food? A．It wastes more brain energy. B．It makes the brain work faster. C．It helps the brain store memories. D．It slows thinking and changes feelings. 3．Which food group will you choose if you “Eat the Rainbow” according to the text? A．Chocolate and candies. B．Rice and white bread. C．Fruits and vegetables. D．Fried chicken and hamburgers. 4．What’s the main purpose of the text? A．To show food’s influence on brain health. B．To explain what energy our brain needs. C．To list advantages of eating healthy food. D．To teach ways of cooking colorful meals. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了食物对大脑功能的深刻影响，解释了大脑如何消耗能量，并强调健康饮食（尤其是多种颜色的果蔬）对维持大脑高效运作和积极情绪的重要性，同时警示了垃圾食品的负面影响。 1．细节理解题。根据“The more difficult the task is, the more energy your brain uses (for example, solving a hard math problem vs watching TV)”及备选答案可推知，解数学难题是最困难的任务。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“But junk food...can slow you down and even make you get angry easily.”可知，垃圾食品会减慢思维和改变情绪。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Eat the Rainbow...means eating fruits and vegetables of different colors every day.”可知，“吃出彩虹”意思是每天吃不同颜色的水果和蔬菜。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。文章开篇点题，提出“大脑健康也受食物影响”，随后全文围绕食物如何为大脑提供能量、健康食物与垃圾食品对大脑的不同影响展开论述，选项A“展示食物对大脑健康的影响。”符合。故选A。 A town in Finland has begun using the world’s largest “sand battery (电池)” to help provide heat. The unusual way of storing energy allows the town to create heat when electricity prices are cheap, and store it for long periods of time. The heat can then be used whenever it’s needed. Pornainen is a town mainly heated through a central heating company (公司) called Loviisan Lämpö. Until recently, Pornainen’s heat came from burning oil and wood chips. Loviisan Lämpö was looking for ways to cut the pollution it created. They hired (雇用) a company called Polar Night to build the world’s largest sand battery. In 2022, Polar Night successfully built a smaller sand battery. About 43% of Finland’s energy comes from renewable sources like solar and wind power. But they only produce power part of the time. This means that sometimes there’s more energy than is needed, and sometimes, there’s not enough. The way to solve this problem is to store the energy so it can be used when it’s needed. A sand battery works because sand can be heated to very high temperatures. If well kept, sand can hold this heat for a long time. Pornainen began using the sand battery earlier this summer to warm up homes, government buildings, a library, and a school. In cold, dark winter months, the battery will cut the amount of wood burned by 60%. Mikko Paajanen, the head of Loviisan Lämpö, says, “Our goal is to stop adding new greenhouse gases to the environment by 2035, and the sand battery is an important step towards that.” Now Polar Night is also looking into ways to turn the stored heat back into electricity. 1．What can we learn about sand battery? A．It can create heat whenever it’s needed. B．It was built by Loviisan Lämpö in 2022. C．It is used to store energy for heating Pornainen. D．It caused much pollution to the environment. 2．What are Paragraphs 2 and 3 mainly about? A．Reasons for building the sand battery. B．Results of building the sand battery. C．Plans about building the sand battery. D．Difficulties in building the sand battery. 3．How did Mikko Paajanen feel about the future of the sand battery? A．Worried. B．Hopeful. C．Angry. D．Surprised. 4．What’s the main purpose of writing this passage? A．To tell us the importance of sand. B．To remind people of the energy problem. C．To introduce a new way of energy-saving. D．To advise governments to build a sand battery. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了芬兰的一个小镇使用世界上最大的“沙电池”来供热，这种储能方式有助于节能和减少污染。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“A town in Finland has begun using the world’s largest ‘sand battery’ to help provide heat. The unusual way of storing energy allows the town to create heat when electricity prices are cheap, and store it for long periods of time. The heat can then be used whenever it’s needed.”以及第4段“Pornainen began using the sand battery earlier this summer to warm up homes, government buildings, a library, and a school.”可知，沙电池用于储存能量为Pornainen供热。故选C。 2．主旨大意题。根据文章第2段“Loviisan Lämpö was looking for ways to cut the pollution it created. They hired (雇用) a company called Polar Night to build the world’s largest sand battery.”和第3段“About 43% of Finland’s energy comes from renewable sources...The way to solve this problem is to store the energy so it can be used when it’s needed. A sand battery works because sand can be heated to very high temperatures.”可知，这两段主要讲述了建造沙电池的原因。故选A。 3．观点态度题。根据文章第4段“Mikko Paajanen, the head of Loviisan Lämpö, says, ‘Our goal is to stop adding new greenhouse gases to the environment by 2035, and the sand battery is an important step towards that.’”可知，Mikko Paajanen对沙电池的未来充满希望。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了芬兰小镇使用沙电池这种新的节能方式。故选C。 ①In 2018, Science magazine asked some young scientists what schools should teach students. Most said students should spend less time remembering facts and have more space for creative activities. ②This idea seems to make sense today. With the Internet and smart machines, knowledge is easy to find. What’s more, civilizations (文明) develop through forgetting life skills that were once necessary. So, why should students carry so much knowledge in their heads? ③______ For one, human beings have biases (偏见), and smart machines are likely to increase our biases. Many people believe smart machines are correct and objective (客观的), but machines are trained through a repeated way of testing and scoring. During the steps of practice, they depend on humans to decide on the correct answers. ④Another problem is that being able to find answers so quickly makes us believe they are always in our heads. When there were no computers, we should make great efforts to get knowledge from other people, or go to the library. We know what knowledge lies in other brains or books, and what lies in our heads. But with the easy ways to get information, we get a wrong idea about what we truly know. ⑤Dependency (依赖) on a network also increases the possibility of being harmed easily. The basic idea is, if the things we depend on stop working, we are in trouble. Imagine this, if the systems we depend on for health, like food and energy, stop working, it will cause serious problems for everyone. Without food we get hungry; without energy we feel cold. The greatest danger to a civilization is that if it loses its memory, it could enter a dark age. ⑥We leave old skills behind to learn new ones. As memories disappear, we can become strangers to our own history. 1．Which is the best sentence for ______? A．Maybe it doesn’t matter at all. B．Machines decide on the correct answer. C．Researchers have realized several problems. D．Research shows that machines are smarter than humans. 2．Which is the best outline for the passage? A． B． C． D． 3．According to this passage, which of the following is TRUE? A．Depending on networks makes our lives safer and easier. B．Easier ways to get knowledge help humans create better future. C．Young scientists think remembering facts is the most important skill for students. D．Smart machines are not always objective because they depend on human decisions. 4．What’s the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To celebrate the progress of smart machines. B．To discuss problems of communicating with machines. C．To tell us the risk of depending on machines to remember. D．To show the importance of improving problem-solving ability. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了在智能机器和互联网时代，我们不应完全放弃记忆和存储知识，因为过度依赖外部设备会带来认知偏见、个人无知和文明脆弱性三大风险。 1．词句猜测题。根据第三段后文“For one, human beings have biases (偏见),...Many people believe smart machines are correct and objective (客观的),...they depend on humans to decide on the correct answers.”可知，本段主要介绍依赖智能机器的问题。选项C能准确概括本段内容，并引出下文的详细论述。故选C。 2．篇章结构题。①②段引出话题（topic），③④⑤段集中阐述依赖机器所带来的问题（problems），第⑥段总结结果或后果（result），与图示A相符。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“machines are trained...they depend on humans to decide on the correct answers”可知，智能机器的“客观答案”实际依赖人类主观训练，并非完全客观。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。全文通过分析依赖机器记忆的三大问题（偏见、认知混淆、文明脆弱性），最终在第六段强调“文明若失去记忆可能进入黑暗时代”，旨在警示过度依赖外部记忆的风险。选项C准确概括这一目的。故选C。 In the famous Chinese book Romance of the Three Kingdoms, most readers have their favorite characters. Some like kind Liu Bei, who cares about his people; others admire loyal Guan Yu, who never betrays (背叛) his friends; and many look up to smart Zhuge Liang, who plans great strategies. But when it comes to Cao Cao, lots of people say he is a ruthless man who only thinks about power. However, this might not be the real Cao Cao. A new movie this year called Three Kingdoms: Starlit Heroes will help us see him in a different way. It hit cinemas on October 1, and it focused on Cao Cao when he was around 35 years old—an important time in his life. Long ago, Cao Cao and Yuan Shao were good friends who once talked about their dreams for the country. But as time passed, they had big different ideas about ruling: Yuan Shao wanted to set up a new emperor (皇帝) to control power himself, while Cao Cao chose to support the current (目前的) emperor, hoping to keep some order in the chaotic (混乱的) country. This huge difference slowly turned them from friends into bitter enemies. Later, they finally fought in the famous Battle of Guandu. Yuan Shao brought over 100,000 soldiers, while Cao Cao only had about 20,000—everyone around thought Cao Cao had no chance to win. But Cao Cao didn’t give up: He studied Yuan Shao’s army carefully, found out where they stored food, and sent his best soldiers to burn those supplies (补给). Without food, Yuan Shao’s army became messy and scared, and Cao Cao took the chance to attack, finally winning the battle against all odds. The movie shows a Cao Cao who is brave and smart, but sometimes a little cunning. Is he a good guy or a bad guy? It’s hard to answer. As historian Yi Zhongtian (易中天) said, during wartime, people’s choices are never simple—they just do what they think is right to survive (生存) and protect what they care about. 1．What does the underlined word “ruthless” probably mean in Paragraph 1? A．Nice and helpful. B．Unkind and unfeeling. C．Smart and clever. D．Shy and quiet. 2．According to the text, which is probably the poster of the movie? A． B． C． D． 3．Why did the writer tell the story of Cao Cao and Yuan Shao in Paragraph 3? A．To introduce the historical background of the Battle of Guandu. B．To show the friendship between Cao Cao and Yuan Shao in their early years. C．To break the old idea that Cao Cao is a bad man and show his different sides. D．To show that Yuan Shao wanted too much power and was not a good leader. 4．What does Yi Zhongtian want to tell us? A．Cao Cao is more good than bad. B．Cao Cao chose power over survival (生存). C．Cao Cao’s cleverness made his wartime choices simple. D．It’s hard to judge Cao Cao—his wartime choices were for survival. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文通过介绍电影《三国的星空第一部》中曹操的形象，探讨了历史人物评价的复杂性，指出在乱世中人物的选择往往并非简单的善恶之分。 1．词句猜测题。根据“many look up to smart Zhuge Liang...But when it comes to Cao Cao, lots of people say he is a ruthless man who only thinks about power.”可知，此处“but”表转折，说明曹操的形象与诸葛亮等正面形象相反，因此ruthless意为“无情的、冷酷的”。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“A new movie this year called Three Kingdoms: Starlit Heroes will help us see him in a different way. It hit cinemas on October 1, and it focused on Cao Cao when he was around 35 years old”可知，这部电影聚焦于35岁左右的曹操，展现他不同的形象。选项A海报中的人物形象较为年轻，符合文中描述的35岁左右的曹操。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“However, this might not be the real Cao Cao. A new movie this year called Three Kingdoms: Starlit Heroes will help us see him in a different way.”以及第三段讲述的曹操和袁绍的故事可知，作者讲述这个故事是为了打破曹操是坏人的旧观念，展示他的不同面。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“As historian Yi Zhongtian said, during wartime, people’s choices are never simple—they just do what they think is right to survive and protect what they care about.”可知，易中天认为在战争时期，人们的选择从来都不简单，他们只是为了生存和保护所在乎的东西而做出自己认为正确的选择。故选D。 Smoking freely outdoors in Spain might soon become a thing of the past. On Sept. 9, the Spanish government passed a new anti-smoking (禁烟) law. This law is stricter than before—now, smoking is not allowed not only inside buildings but also in many outdoor public spots. Under the law, places like stadiums, sports centers, bus stops and schools can’t have smoking outdoors. E-cigarettes and other tobacco (烟草) products are also banned (禁止) in these places, just like regular cigarettes. Also, ads (广告) for these products are not allowed anymore. If people break the law, they may have to pay fines (罚款). The fines can be from 100 euros (about 836 yuan) to 600,000 euros, depending on how serious the situation is. “We always put public health first,” Spain’s Minister of Health, Monica Garcia Gomez, told reporters. “Everyone has the right to breathe clean air ... and live longer and better lives.” She also said that 30 percent of cancer tumors (癌症肿瘤) are related to tobacco use. Data from the health ministry shows that over 50,000 people die each year in Spain because of smoking, which is about 137 deaths every day. However, some people disagree with the plan. Restaurant and bar owners are against it. They say Spain’s outdoor dining culture, which is popular all year round, is liked by many smoking customers. Some also worry that tourists might not enjoy their time in Spain as much. After all, many tourists come to Spain not just for its weather and culture, but also because it’s easy to buy cheaper tobacco products here, as Euronews noted. Spain’s plan is similar to what France did in July. In France, smoking outdoors is now against the law, except at cafe and bar patios, reported the Daily Mail. Other countries are also taking steps to stop smoking. For example, the UK has a plan to ban the sale of cigarettes and other tobacco products to anyone aged 14 or younger. They hope to have a smoke-free generation". 1．What is Spain’s new anti-smoking law mainly about? A．Smoking is only banned indoors. B．Only regular cigarettes are banned. C．Smoking is banned indoors and in many outdoor public places. D．Tobacco ads are only allowed in some parts of indoor places. 2．How will people be punished if they break the new anti-smoking law? A．They may pay 100 to 600,000 euros. B．They will have to clean public places. C．They can’t go to work for a month. D．They will get a letter of warning. 3．Why did Spain make the new anti-smoking law? A．To help people save money on cigarettes. B．To help restaurant owners make more money. C．To make more tourists come to Spain. D．To improve public health and let people breathe clean air. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Ways to Keep Healthy in Spain. B．Smoking Habits of Spanish People. C．Spain’s New Law to Stop Outdoor Smoking. D．Smoking Rules in Different Countries. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文介绍了西班牙新出台的禁烟法律，包括其具体规定、处罚措施、出台原因以及不同人群的反应。 1．细节理解题。根据“now, smoking is not allowed not only inside buildings but also in many outdoor public spots.”可知，新法律规定室内和许多室外公共场所都禁止吸烟。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“If people break the law, they may have to pay fines. The fines can be from 100 euros to 600,000 euros”可知，违法者将被处以100至60万欧元的罚款。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“We always put public health first...Everyone has the right to breathe clean air...and live longer and better lives.”可知，西班牙出台新法律是为了改善公共健康，让人们呼吸更清洁的空气。故选D。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要围绕西班牙新出台的禁止户外吸烟的法律展开说明，因此“Spain’s New Law to Stop Outdoor Smoking”是最佳标题。故选C。 Some parts of the world are very hot and dry, with little rain. A team of scientists in Chile (智利) has been studying a way to collect water in these areas. It’s called fog harvesting (雾水收集). The scientists carried out a study in Alto Hospicio. This city in the Atacama Desert in Chile has very little rainfall. Most people there use trucks to deliver (运输) water. However, fog often forms in the mountains around the city, and the scientists thought they could make use of it. Fog forms close to the ground. It’s made up of tiny water droplets. To collect the water, the scientists have set up wire netting (金属网) in the mountains. The netting is hung between poles. When the fog passes through the netting, the tiny droplets join together to form larger droplets on the wires. The water then falls down into a pipe (管道) and is stored in a large box. The scientists checked how well their fog nets worked. Here’s what they found: To get enough water for the city’s poorest areas each week (about 300,000 liters), they needed fog nets covering 17,000 square meters—that’s bigger than two soccer fields! They also tested a smaller net of 110 square meters (about a classroom size). This smaller net caught enough water to keep all the city’s parks and gardens green. The team is trying to find the best areas in the country for fog harvesting. They need to think about many questions. For example, how much fog does the area get each year? How thick is the fog? What are the wind patterns in the area? From all this information, they hope to make a useful “fog harvesting map”. 1．What is the purpose of fog harvesting? A．To reduce fog pollution in hot and dry areas. B．To study the causes of fog forming in Chile. C．To collect water from fog to water dry areas. D．To clean the water in the city’s poorest areas. 2．What does the third paragraph mainly talk about? A．How fog harvesting works. B．What fog is made up of. C．Where the water is stored. D．Why fog is close to the ground. 3．What is the result of the fog harvesting research? A．Smaller nets can collect more water. B．A net of a classroom size works the best. C．The poorest areas can get enough water. D．Fog harvesting works better but costs more. 4．What are the scientists trying to do about the research? A．Advise using less water. B．Grow lots of desert plants. C．Build more water trucks. D．Make a fog harvesting map. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了智利科学家利用雾收集水的方法，展现了雾收集技术对改善干旱地区人们生活的潜在帮助。 1．细节理解题。根据“Some parts of the world are very hot and dry, with little rain. A team of scientists in Chile (智利) has been studying a way to collect water in these areas. It’s called fog harvesting (雾水收集).”可知，雾水收集是为了在干旱少雨的地区收集水。故选C。 2．主旨大意题。根据第三段内容可知，本段描述了雾水收集的工作原理，包括雾的组成（tiny water droplets）、收集水的方法（set up wire netting）、金属网的安装（hung between poles)、雾通过金属网时水滴的变化（join together to form larger droplets）、水的收集（falls down into a pipe and is stored in a large box）。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Here’s what they found: To get enough water for the city’s poorest areas each week (about 300,000 liters), they needed fog nets covering 17,000 square meters—that’s bigger than two soccer fields!”可知，通过雾水收集，最贫困地区的居民能获得足够的水。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“The team is trying to find the best areas in the country for fog harvesting. ...From all this information, they hope to make a useful ‘fog harvesting map’.” 可知，科学家希望制作雾水收集地图。故选D。 ①Now, as living standards get better, obesity (肥胖症) has become a new problem in China. It can cause health problems like heart disease. To fight obesity and improve public health, the government started a “Weight Management Year” activity from 2025 to 2027. The purpose is to help people live a healthier life. Here are China’s guidelines for treating obesity. ②First, it is important for people to know their Body Mass Index (BMI) (体重指数). A healthy adult’s BMI should be between 18.5 and 24. If it is between 24 and 28, he is overweight and if it is 28 or higher, he is considered obese. ③Next, eating a balanced diet and exercising are also important. Instead of eating fried foods and sugary snacks, try healthy foods like brown rice, fresh vegetables, fish, chicken, or beans. Also, remember not to eat too much salt and oil. After the meal, you can take a walk for at least 30 minutes. ④What’s more, schools and communities are helping. Many schools now make sure students get at least two hours of exercise every day. Hospitals have set up “weight treatment centers” that offer diet plans, exercise tips, and even traditional Chinese methods. ⑤Weight management is not about being perfect. Even small changes, like drinking water instead of soda or taking the stairs, can help us build a healthier future. 1．Why did the Chinese government start “Weight Management Year” activity? A．To teach people how to calculate (计算) BMI. B．To encourage people to eat more fried foods. C．To help people fight obesity and improve health. D．To build more weight treatment centers in schools 2．How many tips on treating obesity are mentioned? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 3．What can we infer (推断) from the last paragraph? A．Daily habits are useless for health. B．Weight management is not so difficult. C．Only perfect plans can help manage weight. D．Drinking soda is better than drinking water. 4．Which of the following shows the right structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国政府为应对肥胖问题而发起的“体重管理年”活动，并给出了治疗肥胖的几点指导建议。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“To fight obesity and improve public health, the government started a ‘Weight Management Year’ activity from 2025 to 2027. The purpose is to help people live a healthier life.”可知，中国政府启动“体重管理年”活动是为了帮助人们对抗肥胖，改善健康状况。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“First, it is important for people to know their Body Mass Index (BMI)(体重指数).”、第三段“Next, eating a balanced diet and exercising are also important.”、第四段“What’s more, schools and communities are helping.”可知，文中提到了了解体重指数、均衡饮食和锻炼、学校和社区的帮助这三个方面的建议。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Weight management is not about being perfect. Even small changes, like drinking water instead of soda or taking the stairs, can help us build a healthier future.”可知，体重管理并非要追求完美，微小的改变也有帮助，由此可推断出体重管理并不那么困难。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。文章第一段总体介绍了中国启动“体重管理年”活动的背景和目的；第二、三、四段分别从了解体重指数、均衡饮食和锻炼、学校和社区的帮助这三个方面给出了治疗肥胖症的具体建议；第五段进行总结，强调体重管理并非要追求完美，小改变也能助力健康未来。所以选项C符合文章结构。故选C。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 题型04 阅读理解之说明文15篇 (浙江专用) 【题型知识点细目表】 题号 难度 知识点 1 较易 意见/建议,说明文 2 较难 濒危生物,科学技术,说明文 3 较难 科普知识,常见动物,说明文 4 适中 景点/建筑,说明文 5 适中 航天与航空,说明文,中华文化 6 适中 政治/政策,说明文 7 适中 礼仪与习俗,说明文,中华文化 8 适中 情绪,说明文,意见/建议 9 较易 健康饮食,说明文 10 适中 发明与创造,说明文 11 较难 科学技术,说明文 12 适中 电影与戏剧,历史人物,说明文 13 适中 法律/法规,说明文 14 适中 科学技术,说明文 15 较易 健康饮食,健康与运动,说明文 【中考典例】 Sun protection is more than just avoiding sunburn—it’s about keeping your skin healthy and feeling good all summer long. Here are some ways to protect yourself. 1. Use sunscreen (防晒霜) properly Apply sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher 20-30 minutes before going outside. Don’t forget to reapply every two hours, especially after swimming or sweating. Studies show that most people apply too little sunscreen, so using enough (about 1 teaspoon for the face) is key. 2. Wear the right clothes Wear long sleeves, hats, and UV-protective sunglasses. Dark-colored clothes with tight weaves block more UV rays than light ones. A good pair of sunglasses not only protects your eyes but also prevents fine lines around the eyes caused by squinting (眯眼). 3. Seek shade during peak hours The sun is strongest from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. Use natural shade from trees or create your own shade with umbrellas or tents. 4. Drink enough water Drinking plenty of water is important for skin health and overall comfort. When you sweat, your body loses water and salt, so drink lots of water even if you’re not thirsty. You can also enjoy drinks like tea or fruit juice. By following these steps, you’ll reduce the risk of skin damage. Then you can enjoy being outside without worry. Remember: healthy skin means feeling good! 1．Sun protection can not only prevent sunburn but make us _________. A．avoid sweating B．look young C．prevent allergies D．feel good 2．What should you do to keep skin healthy during hot weather? A．Wear light-colored clothes. B．Drink lots of water. C．Avoid using sunglasses. D．Apply sunscreen once a day. 3．This article is most likely taken from which section of a magazine? A．Health. B．Sports. C．Science. D．Travel. Plains wanderers are small, rare birds that live in grasslands. Unlike most birds, female plains wanderers are larger and stronger than males. Females take the lead in protecting their nests and babies from animals like foxes, while males often sit on the eggs to keep them warm. These birds are hard to find because their feathers blend into the grass, making them look like part of the landscape. Sadly, their numbers have been dropping because people are taking over their grassland homes for farms and cities. To save them, scientists are using AI. The key is the birds’ calls. Mother wanderers make soft sounds to talk to their chicks and warn about danger. These calls are quiet and easy to miss, but AI can hear them clearly. Scientists put microphones in the grasslands to record sounds all day and night. Then they put these recordings into a computer program. The AI learns to tell the wanderers’ calls apart from other noises, like the wind blowing or insects chirping. This helps scientists find where the mother birds are and how many chicks they have. “AI helps us monitor these birds without bothering them,” says Dr. Lee, who leads the project. “We can find the most important areas for them and work to protect those places.” Once, the AI helped scientists find a hidden nest with three baby birds. Without AI, they might not have found it. Thanks to this technology, there is new hope for these rare birds, showing that AI can be a powerful tool in saving wildlife. 1．What do we know about plains wanderers? A．Males are larger than females. B．They are easy to find in grasslands. C．Mother birds are bigger and protect babies. D．They are common in many habitats. 2．The underlined word “monitor” in the last paragraph probably means “________”. A．see B．catch C．feed D．follow 3．How do scientists use AI to find plains wanderers? A．By taking photos of their nests. B．By tracking their flying paths. C．By counting eggs in the grass. D．By analyzing calls from mother birds. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．Why plains wanderers are rare. B．How mother wanderers protect their chicks. C．What AI can do in daily life. D．How scientists use AI to protect plains wanderers. Every year, lots of animals around the world go on migrating (迁徙 ) journeys. Some need to find food, others are looking for somewhere to produce and raise their young. Migrations can be long and difficult for animals, but new research on birds has found that farmland along the way can help their progress. In spring, hundreds of thousands of birds living near Lake Poyang, in China, fly north to Siberia, Russia. On the way, they find places to stop and eat to keep their energy levels up for the long journey. Some birds, such as geese, eat young grass that starts to grow at the beginning of the season. This food can last for only a few weeks. And rising temperatures caused by climate change can sometimes make the grass grow earlier than usual. This means that some birds are arriving too late to eat the grass. As more land is used for farming, the natural wetlands where birds like to search for food are disappearing, too. A team of researchers have recently chosen to follow 246 birds, including geese and tundra swans, that are flying from Lake Poyang to Siberia. They find that the birds have changed their diets to adapt (适应) to the environments they pass through. As well as eating grass from the wetlands along the way, the birds are also eating seeds (种子) dropped by farmers. The researchers believe that seeds will become a more important part of migrating birds’ diets as more natural wetlands disappear. They suggest that if farmers use different ways of harvesting, such as using machines that leave behind more seeds in fields, it could help to feed migrating birds. However, they also say wetlands must be protected, so the birds can enjoy different foods during their long journeys. 1．Which can be a reason for animal migration according to Paragraph 1? A．Raising their babies. B．Enjoying the journey. C．Sending food to others. D．Taking care of the old. 2．What problem might the birds meet when flying from Lake Poyang to Siberia? A．There is no grass growing along the way. B．There is a sudden drop in temperature on the way. C．Fewer natural wetlands are left for them to find food. D．Some of the birds set out early and eat too much grass. 3．How do the birds adapt to the environments they pass through? A．By changing their diets. B．By changing the way they fly. C．By making their homes in wetlands. D．By making fiends with farmers. 4．What can be the best title of the text? A．Stop killing, stop polluting B．Save water, save life C．Bids help harvesting work D．Farms help migrating birds If you are looking for somewhere special to visit in London, we may have the answer for you: Sir John Soane’s Museum. The museum is one of London’s best-kept secrets, and it’s well worth a visit. Sir John, a great architect (建筑师), lived in London during the 18th century (1753—1837), and the amazing thing is that his house is exactly the same as he left it. In fact, visiting the house is just like stepping back in time. There are three floors which are open to the public. You can start on the first floor. This was Sir John’s work area. You can ask the guards about the paintings on the walls as they tell you something about this family and life. And don’t worry about the guards as they are really nice and helpful. Next, you can go downstairs to the ground floor. Here you can see his rich collection of paintings. For example, there is a series (系列) of interesting paintings about 18th century life in London. Now comes the last part, the underground floor. It’s full of thousands of valuable objects, such as sculptures (雕塑) and models of famous buildings from all over the world. Walking around this part of the house is a bit like being on a treasure hunt, as you can find things hidden away in secret corners. Anyway, you’ll have to go there yourself to see. Sir John Soane’s Museum is a very small place. It’s only about ten minutes’ walk from the British Museum. There is a free hour-long guided tour every Saturday at 2:30 pm, but the best thing is just to walk about by yourself. So now you know where to go next time you’re in London. We guarantee that it’s an experience you won’t forget! 1．Why is Sir John Soane’s Museum special according to Paragraph 1? A．It is the oldest museum in London. B．There is a time machine in it. C．It is kept the same as Sir John left it. D．There are lots of secret boxes in it. 2．In which order does the writer advise people to visit the museum? ①the underground floor ②the ground floor ③the first floor A．①②③ B．②①③ C．①③② D．③②① 3．What can be seen on the ground floor of the museum? A．A series of interesting paintings. B．Pictures of Sir John and his family. C．A valuable collection of sculptures. D．Models of famous buildings in the world. 4．What does the underlined word “guarantee” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．hear B．decide C．promise D．remember 【热点话题练习】 So far, China has sent a large number of satellites (卫星) and spaceships into space. Space scientists have been greatly inspired (赋予灵感) by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names. Since thousands of years ago, Chinese people have dreamed of going to the moon. Chang’e Flies to the Moon is one of the most popular stories. As you can see, China’s first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang’e Ⅰ. More interestingly, the moon rover (巡视器) was named after the Jade Rabbit, who is the partner of Chang’e in the story. These old stories carry people’s best wishes and dreams. With the development of science and technology, our scientists have made them come true. Kua Fu Runs After the Sun is another story to show how much ancient Chinese people wanted to know about the unknown world. Now, Kua Fu is going with the scientists to “visit” the sun, because we have a space project called Kua Fu Mission. Besides the ancient stories, space scientists also get ideas from ancient famous people. For example, Mozi, an ancient scientist, discovered that light travels in a straight line over 2,000 years ago. His discovery made space study take a big step at that time. So, China’s first quantum (量子) science satellite was named Mozi, making China the first country in the world to achieve quantum communication between satellites and the ground. From such simple things as giving names to the satellites, we can see how great our traditional culture is and what influence it has on our modern science and technology. 1．What do we know about Chang’e Ⅰ according to the text? A．It moves around the moon. B．It produces the Jade Rabbit. C．It “visits” the sun with the scientists. D．It is the world’s first man-made satellite. 2．How does the writer support his opinion in Paragraph 4? A．By listing numbers. B．By comparing facts. C．By giving an example. D．By reporting a result. 3．Which is the right structure of the text? A． B． C． D． 4．What’s the writer’s main purpose of writing the text? A．To tell us something about the traditional Chinese culture. B．To explain how our scientists develop the space industry. C．To introduce the achievements in our science and technology. D．To tell how traditional Chinese culture influences our space science. Building Bridges Between Nations ①In 2013, China proposed (提议) the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI, “一带一路”倡议). It’s the 10th anniversary (周年) of the BRI this year. More than 150 countries and over 30 international organizations have taken part in it. People from the Belt and Road countries have a deeper understanding of it. ②Many young people from those countries stand by the idea of the BRI. Lashyn, a Kazakh (哈萨克的) student at Nazarbayev University, said that in 2013 she visited China. “To me, it was an amazing new world with different cultures.” So she decided to continue learning Chinese. Thandi, 22, from South Africa, said that the BRI helped improve relationships between countries all over the world. “I support a win-win relationship of the BRI,” she told China Daily. ③Great changes happen in the Belt and Road countries. Kairat from Kazakhstan (哈萨克斯坦) grew up in a small town 35 km away from the border (边境) with China. When he was little, he always waited for his father who worked in China to bring candies and new toys. “The center helped many people to improve the way of life. They built new houses, schools and also developed roads. That makes our life easier,” said Kairat. ④The BRI also brings changes to China. Wang Zongnan, a student in Tsinghua University, notices that recently there are more and more people from the Belt and Road countries coming to China as international students. He said, “That really changed how we look at questions and social problems.” ⑤The BRI covers almost all parts of people’s lives, including travel, trade, education, technology and culture. Like a bridge, it continues to bring the world closer than ever. 1．What does the underlined phrase “stand by” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．doubt B．support C．delete D．compare 2．How does the writer introduce the changes brought by BRI in Paragraph 3 and 4? A．By giving examples. B．By listing numbers. C．By comparing facts. D．By telling stories. 3．What can we learn according to the passage? A．The BRI makes all parts of people’s lives better. B．Thandi likes Chinese and different cultures in China. C．In Lashyn’s eyes, the BRI helps improve people’s life in her country. D．The BRI has brought great changes to both China and other countries. 4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． Throughout China’s National Day Holiday of 2023, about 50,000 tourists gathered daily in the fishing village of Xunpu in Fujian. They dressed themselves in different kinds of costumes, ranging from horse-face skirts to Dai ethnic clothing, but all of them wore colorful flowers on the head. ▲ Children aged eight to twelve wear flowers on both sides of their temples. Teenagers, around the age of 13, decorate their round bun-like hair with fresh flowers. Middle-aged women style their hair in a spiral bun (螺旋发髻), decorated with flowers. When it comes to elderly women, a red headscarf, alongside red flowers, is preferred. The tradition of flower-wearing among Xunpu women has been recognized as part of China’s intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) in 2008. The flower decoration culture has a long history in China. The tradition of wearing flowers has been a part of Xunpu women’s lives since the Tang and Yuan dynasties. The locals believe that if you “put flowers in your hair in this life, and you’ll also be pretty in the after-life.” The earliest record can be found in the Record on Travel to Nanyue by Lu Jia from the Han dynasty. Flower decoration carries a deep meaning of blessing. During the Han dynasty, people, including men, wore cornels (山茱萸) as a way to avoid evil (邪恶的) spirits and wish for long life during the Double Ninth Festival, a traditional Chinese festival that celebrates the elders. Although the culture to wear flowers changes with historical development, the flower-wearing traditions in Xunpu have remained to the present day, attracting so many women from different areas to follow them, because it symbolizes people’s hopes for a better life. 1．Why does the writer mention the visitors gathered in Xunpu? A．To introduce a popular fish village. B．To describe how they enjoyed themselves. C．To show the popularity of wearing flowers. D．To explain there were many people traveling there. 2．Which of the following can be put in ▲ ? A．How to wear flowers is different according to the wearer’s age. B．However, the custom of men wearing flowers did not last long. C．Competitions for women in designing flower hairstyles are popular. D．Xunpu locals traditionally send out invitation cards with beautiful flowers. 3．What does the underlined word “blessing” in paragraph 3 mean? A．evils B．tradition C．wishes D．health 4．What is the text mainly about? A．How to wear flowers in different ages. B．China’s floral headdress tradition. C．The history of flower decoration culture. D．Traditional festivals in China. Bad things happen to many of us. Something makes you sad, angry, frustrated or disappointed. But you still have to get up and go to work. Everything others say to you sounds stupid. Everyone seems to annoy you from time to time. Luckily, you can do something about it. Here are some ways to turn around a bad day. Accepting that you’re in a bad mood is not that hard. If you’re mad, be mad. If you are sad, be sad. This does not give you license to be rude and unpleasant to others. It just means that you need to recognize and accept your bad mood to be able to do something. You can try to keep your bad mood a secret and put on your happy mask. But guess what! You’re fooling nobody around you but yourself. The best thing to do is to tell the people you work closely with what is happening to you. Just simply tell them “Listen, I’m in a really bad mood today. I’m not sure why, but it has nothing to do with you. If I bite your head off, I say sorry in advance.” Spend a few moments trying thinking of at least one or two things that aren’t all bad: Something that you look forward to, such as a person you like at work or something nice that happened recently. Take some quiet time. Have a walk in your lunch break. Sit and work somewhere peaceful alone. Take a relaxing long bathroom break. Consider going home early or taking the day off. 1．If you’re in a bad mood, you should ______. A．be rude B．keep it a secret C．accept it D．be angry 2．The underlined phrase “bite your head off” means ______. A．make your head hurt B．am mad at you C．can’t understand you D．am not angry with you 3．What can we infer from Paragraph 3 about the author’s attitude towards “telling colleagues about your bad mood”? A．It is unnecessary because colleagues may not care about your mood. B．It is helpful to avoid misunderstanding with colleagues. C．It is risky because it may make colleagues think you are impolite. D．It is a must even if you don’t know the reason for your bad mood. 4．The passage mainly tells us ______. A．how to deal with the bad mood B．how to accept what you are C．how to spend some time on yourself D．how to put on a happy mask The idea behind the expression “you are what you eat” is that you need to eat healthy food to be healthy and that eating unhealthy food will likely result in you not feeling your best. Did you know that your brain (大脑) health is also influenced (影响) by the food you eat? Your brain is like the boss of your body! It controls everything you do, from breathing to thinking. Even though it’s only 2% of your weight, it uses 20% of your energy—that’s like one-fifth of the energy your body needs! Your brain burns most of its energy when brain cells talk to each other. The more difficult the task is, the more energy your brain uses (for example, solving a hard math problem vs watching TV), but the difference is still relatively small. Your brain runs on food, just like a car runs on gas! Healthy foods with vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants (like fruits and vegetables) help your brain stay smart and happy. But junk food, especially snacks high in sugar or fat, can slow you down and even make you get angry easily. To keep your brain strong now and in the future, choose healthy foods and eat less unhealthy foods. “Eat the Rainbow” is another expression that means eating fruits and vegetables of different colors every day. Different colors mean different nutrients that work to improve health. Eating fruits and vegetables in all colors gives you and your brain the most benefits! What you eat can change how you feel! Foods with lots of chemicals might taste good, but they can make your stomach uncomfortable and even make you feel moody (喜怒无常的). Scientists now know that a healthy stomach helps keep your brain happy too. Your brain is like your body’s control center—feed it good food like fruits and vegetables to help it stay smart! 1．Which task needs your brain to burn most of its energy? A．Listening to a song. B．Watching a football match. C．Enjoying a magic show. D．Having a difficult math test. 2．What may happen to your brain when you eat junk food? A．It wastes more brain energy. B．It makes the brain work faster. C．It helps the brain store memories. D．It slows thinking and changes feelings. 3．Which food group will you choose if you “Eat the Rainbow” according to the text? A．Chocolate and candies. B．Rice and white bread. C．Fruits and vegetables. D．Fried chicken and hamburgers. 4．What’s the main purpose of the text? A．To show food’s influence on brain health. B．To explain what energy our brain needs. C．To list advantages of eating healthy food. D．To teach ways of cooking colorful meals. A town in Finland has begun using the world’s largest “sand battery (电池)” to help provide heat. The unusual way of storing energy allows the town to create heat when electricity prices are cheap, and store it for long periods of time. The heat can then be used whenever it’s needed. Pornainen is a town mainly heated through a central heating company (公司) called Loviisan Lämpö. Until recently, Pornainen’s heat came from burning oil and wood chips. Loviisan Lämpö was looking for ways to cut the pollution it created. They hired (雇用) a company called Polar Night to build the world’s largest sand battery. In 2022, Polar Night successfully built a smaller sand battery. About 43% of Finland’s energy comes from renewable sources like solar and wind power. But they only produce power part of the time. This means that sometimes there’s more energy than is needed, and sometimes, there’s not enough. The way to solve this problem is to store the energy so it can be used when it’s needed. A sand battery works because sand can be heated to very high temperatures. If well kept, sand can hold this heat for a long time. Pornainen began using the sand battery earlier this summer to warm up homes, government buildings, a library, and a school. In cold, dark winter months, the battery will cut the amount of wood burned by 60%. Mikko Paajanen, the head of Loviisan Lämpö, says, “Our goal is to stop adding new greenhouse gases to the environment by 2035, and the sand battery is an important step towards that.” Now Polar Night is also looking into ways to turn the stored heat back into electricity. 1．What can we learn about sand battery? A．It can create heat whenever it’s needed. B．It was built by Loviisan Lämpö in 2022. C．It is used to store energy for heating Pornainen. D．It caused much pollution to the environment. 2．What are Paragraphs 2 and 3 mainly about? A．Reasons for building the sand battery. B．Results of building the sand battery. C．Plans about building the sand battery. D．Difficulties in building the sand battery. 3．How did Mikko Paajanen feel about the future of the sand battery? A．Worried. B．Hopeful. C．Angry. D．Surprised. 4．What’s the main purpose of writing this passage? A．To tell us the importance of sand. B．To remind people of the energy problem. C．To introduce a new way of energy-saving. D．To advise governments to build a sand battery. ①In 2018, Science magazine asked some young scientists what schools should teach students. Most said students should spend less time remembering facts and have more space for creative activities. ②This idea seems to make sense today. With the Internet and smart machines, knowledge is easy to find. What’s more, civilizations (文明) develop through forgetting life skills that were once necessary. So, why should students carry so much knowledge in their heads? ③______ For one, human beings have biases (偏见), and smart machines are likely to increase our biases. Many people believe smart machines are correct and objective (客观的), but machines are trained through a repeated way of testing and scoring. During the steps of practice, they depend on humans to decide on the correct answers. ④Another problem is that being able to find answers so quickly makes us believe they are always in our heads. When there were no computers, we should make great efforts to get knowledge from other people, or go to the library. We know what knowledge lies in other brains or books, and what lies in our heads. But with the easy ways to get information, we get a wrong idea about what we truly know. ⑤Dependency (依赖) on a network also increases the possibility of being harmed easily. The basic idea is, if the things we depend on stop working, we are in trouble. Imagine this, if the systems we depend on for health, like food and energy, stop working, it will cause serious problems for everyone. Without food we get hungry; without energy we feel cold. The greatest danger to a civilization is that if it loses its memory, it could enter a dark age. ⑥We leave old skills behind to learn new ones. As memories disappear, we can become strangers to our own history. 1．Which is the best sentence for ______? A．Maybe it doesn’t matter at all. B．Machines decide on the correct answer. C．Researchers have realized several problems. D．Research shows that machines are smarter than humans. 2．Which is the best outline for the passage? A． B． C． D． 3．According to this passage, which of the following is TRUE? A．Depending on networks makes our lives safer and easier. B．Easier ways to get knowledge help humans create better future. C．Young scientists think remembering facts is the most important skill for students. D．Smart machines are not always objective because they depend on human decisions. 4．What’s the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To celebrate the progress of smart machines. B．To discuss problems of communicating with machines. C．To tell us the risk of depending on machines to remember. D．To show the importance of improving problem-solving ability. In the famous Chinese book Romance of the Three Kingdoms, most readers have their favorite characters. Some like kind Liu Bei, who cares about his people; others admire loyal Guan Yu, who never betrays (背叛) his friends; and many look up to smart Zhuge Liang, who plans great strategies. But when it comes to Cao Cao, lots of people say he is a ruthless man who only thinks about power. However, this might not be the real Cao Cao. A new movie this year called Three Kingdoms: Starlit Heroes will help us see him in a different way. It hit cinemas on October 1, and it focused on Cao Cao when he was around 35 years old—an important time in his life. Long ago, Cao Cao and Yuan Shao were good friends who once talked about their dreams for the country. But as time passed, they had big different ideas about ruling: Yuan Shao wanted to set up a new emperor (皇帝) to control power himself, while Cao Cao chose to support the current (目前的) emperor, hoping to keep some order in the chaotic (混乱的) country. This huge difference slowly turned them from friends into bitter enemies. Later, they finally fought in the famous Battle of Guandu. Yuan Shao brought over 100,000 soldiers, while Cao Cao only had about 20,000—everyone around thought Cao Cao had no chance to win. But Cao Cao didn’t give up: He studied Yuan Shao’s army carefully, found out where they stored food, and sent his best soldiers to burn those supplies (补给). Without food, Yuan Shao’s army became messy and scared, and Cao Cao took the chance to attack, finally winning the battle against all odds. The movie shows a Cao Cao who is brave and smart, but sometimes a little cunning. Is he a good guy or a bad guy? It’s hard to answer. As historian Yi Zhongtian (易中天) said, during wartime, people’s choices are never simple—they just do what they think is right to survive (生存) and protect what they care about. 1．What does the underlined word “ruthless” probably mean in Paragraph 1? A．Nice and helpful. B．Unkind and unfeeling. C．Smart and clever. D．Shy and quiet. 2．According to the text, which is probably the poster of the movie? A． B． C． D． 3．Why did the writer tell the story of Cao Cao and Yuan Shao in Paragraph 3? A．To introduce the historical background of the Battle of Guandu. B．To show the friendship between Cao Cao and Yuan Shao in their early years. C．To break the old idea that Cao Cao is a bad man and show his different sides. D．To show that Yuan Shao wanted too much power and was not a good leader. 4．What does Yi Zhongtian want to tell us? A．Cao Cao is more good than bad. B．Cao Cao chose power over survival (生存). C．Cao Cao’s cleverness made his wartime choices simple. D．It’s hard to judge Cao Cao—his wartime choices were for survival. Smoking freely outdoors in Spain might soon become a thing of the past. On Sept. 9, the Spanish government passed a new anti-smoking (禁烟) law. This law is stricter than before—now, smoking is not allowed not only inside buildings but also in many outdoor public spots. Under the law, places like stadiums, sports centers, bus stops and schools can’t have smoking outdoors. E-cigarettes and other tobacco (烟草) products are also banned (禁止) in these places, just like regular cigarettes. Also, ads (广告) for these products are not allowed anymore. If people break the law, they may have to pay fines (罚款). The fines can be from 100 euros (about 836 yuan) to 600,000 euros, depending on how serious the situation is. “We always put public health first,” Spain’s Minister of Health, Monica Garcia Gomez, told reporters. “Everyone has the right to breathe clean air ... and live longer and better lives.” She also said that 30 percent of cancer tumors (癌症肿瘤) are related to tobacco use. Data from the health ministry shows that over 50,000 people die each year in Spain because of smoking, which is about 137 deaths every day. However, some people disagree with the plan. Restaurant and bar owners are against it. They say Spain’s outdoor dining culture, which is popular all year round, is liked by many smoking customers. Some also worry that tourists might not enjoy their time in Spain as much. After all, many tourists come to Spain not just for its weather and culture, but also because it’s easy to buy cheaper tobacco products here, as Euronews noted. Spain’s plan is similar to what France did in July. In France, smoking outdoors is now against the law, except at cafe and bar patios, reported the Daily Mail. Other countries are also taking steps to stop smoking. For example, the UK has a plan to ban the sale of cigarettes and other tobacco products to anyone aged 14 or younger. They hope to have a smoke-free generation". 1．What is Spain’s new anti-smoking law mainly about? A．Smoking is only banned indoors. B．Only regular cigarettes are banned. C．Smoking is banned indoors and in many outdoor public places. D．Tobacco ads are only allowed in some parts of indoor places. 2．How will people be punished if they break the new anti-smoking law? A．They may pay 100 to 600,000 euros. B．They will have to clean public places. C．They can’t go to work for a month. D．They will get a letter of warning. 3．Why did Spain make the new anti-smoking law? A．To help people save money on cigarettes. B．To help restaurant owners make more money. C．To make more tourists come to Spain. D．To improve public health and let people breathe clean air. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Ways to Keep Healthy in Spain. B．Smoking Habits of Spanish People. C．Spain’s New Law to Stop Outdoor Smoking. D．Smoking Rules in Different Countries. Some parts of the world are very hot and dry, with little rain. A team of scientists in Chile (智利) has been studying a way to collect water in these areas. It’s called fog harvesting (雾水收集). The scientists carried out a study in Alto Hospicio. This city in the Atacama Desert in Chile has very little rainfall. Most people there use trucks to deliver (运输) water. However, fog often forms in the mountains around the city, and the scientists thought they could make use of it. Fog forms close to the ground. It’s made up of tiny water droplets. To collect the water, the scientists have set up wire netting (金属网) in the mountains. The netting is hung between poles. When the fog passes through the netting, the tiny droplets join together to form larger droplets on the wires. The water then falls down into a pipe (管道) and is stored in a large box. The scientists checked how well their fog nets worked. Here’s what they found: To get enough water for the city’s poorest areas each week (about 300,000 liters), they needed fog nets covering 17,000 square meters—that’s bigger than two soccer fields! They also tested a smaller net of 110 square meters (about a classroom size). This smaller net caught enough water to keep all the city’s parks and gardens green. The team is trying to find the best areas in the country for fog harvesting. They need to think about many questions. For example, how much fog does the area get each year? How thick is the fog? What are the wind patterns in the area? From all this information, they hope to make a useful “fog harvesting map”. 1．What is the purpose of fog harvesting? A．To reduce fog pollution in hot and dry areas. B．To study the causes of fog forming in Chile. C．To collect water from fog to water dry areas. D．To clean the water in the city’s poorest areas. 2．What does the third paragraph mainly talk about? A．How fog harvesting works. B．What fog is made up of. C．Where the water is stored. D．Why fog is close to the ground. 3．What is the result of the fog harvesting research? A．Smaller nets can collect more water. B．A net of a classroom size works the best. C．The poorest areas can get enough water. D．Fog harvesting works better but costs more. 4．What are the scientists trying to do about the research? A．Advise using less water. B．Grow lots of desert plants. C．Build more water trucks. D．Make a fog harvesting map. ①Now, as living standards get better, obesity (肥胖症) has become a new problem in China. It can cause health problems like heart disease. To fight obesity and improve public health, the government started a “Weight Management Year” activity from 2025 to 2027. The purpose is to help people live a healthier life. Here are China’s guidelines for treating obesity. ②First, it is important for people to know their Body Mass Index (BMI) (体重指数). A healthy adult’s BMI should be between 18.5 and 24. If it is between 24 and 28, he is overweight and if it is 28 or higher, he is considered obese. ③Next, eating a balanced diet and exercising are also important. Instead of eating fried foods and sugary snacks, try healthy foods like brown rice, fresh vegetables, fish, chicken, or beans. Also, remember not to eat too much salt and oil. After the meal, you can take a walk for at least 30 minutes. ④What’s more, schools and communities are helping. Many schools now make sure students get at least two hours of exercise every day. Hospitals have set up “weight treatment centers” that offer diet plans, exercise tips, and even traditional Chinese methods. ⑤Weight management is not about being perfect. Even small changes, like drinking water instead of soda or taking the stairs, can help us build a healthier future. 1．Why did the Chinese government start “Weight Management Year” activity? A．To teach people how to calculate (计算) BMI. B．To encourage people to eat more fried foods. C．To help people fight obesity and improve health. D．To build more weight treatment centers in schools 2．How many tips on treating obesity are mentioned? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 3．What can we infer (推断) from the last paragraph? A．Daily habits are useless for health. B．Weight management is not so difficult. C．Only perfect plans can help manage weight. D．Drinking soda is better than drinking water. 4．Which of the following shows the right structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $