内容正文:
专项11《除数是两位数的除法—同乘、同除的简便运算》计算专项
一、知识方法巩固
1. 在除法运算中,被除数和除数同时( )或( )同一个数(0除外),商不变。
2. 三位数除以两位数时,如果被除数和除数末尾都有0,可以同时划去( )个0,使计算更简便。
3. 被除数和除数同时除以一个自然数时,这个数必须是它们的( )。
4. 简便计算后,可以用( )×( )=( )的方法来验算。
5. 当除数是25时,可以把被除数和除数同时( )4,使计算简便。
6. 当除数是50时,可以把被除数和除数同时( )2,使计算简便。
二、分题型计算训练
1. 三位数除两位数两边可以同时除以整十的简便运算,并验证
(1)240 ÷ 60 = ( )简便计算:240 ÷ 60 = 24 ÷ 6 = ( )
(2)360 ÷ 90 = ( )简便计算:360 ÷ 90 = 36 ÷ 9 = ( )
(3)480 ÷ 80 = ( )简便计算:480 ÷ 80 = 48 ÷ 8 = ( )
(4)630 ÷ 70 = ( )简便计算:630 ÷ 70 = 63 ÷ 7 = ( )
(5)720 ÷ 80 = ( )简便计算:720 ÷ 80 = 72 ÷ 8 = ( )
(6)810 ÷ 90 = ( )简便计算:810 ÷ 90 = 81 ÷ 9 = ( )
(7)560 ÷ 70 = ( )简便计算:560 ÷ 70 = 56 ÷ 7 = ( )
(8)450 ÷ 50 = ( )简便计算:450 ÷ 50 = 45 ÷ 5 = ( )
(9)640 ÷ 80 = ( )简便计算:640 ÷ 80 = 64 ÷ 8 = ( )
(10)750 ÷ 50 = ( )简便计算:750 ÷ 50 = 75 ÷ 5 = ( )
(11)840 ÷ 60 = ( )简便计算:840 ÷ 60 = 84 ÷ 6 = ( )
(12)960 ÷ 40 = ( )简便计算:960 ÷ 40 = 96 ÷ 4 = ( )
(13)880 ÷ 80 = ( )简便计算:880 ÷ 80 = 88 ÷ 8 = ( )
(14)780 ÷ 60 = ( )简便计算:780 ÷ 60 = 78 ÷ 6 = ( )
(15)920 ÷ 40 = ( )简便计算:920 ÷ 40 = 92 ÷ 4 = ( )
2. 三位数除两位数两边可以同时除以一个自然数的简便运算,并验证
(1)144 ÷ 36 = ( )简便计算:144 ÷ 36 = ÷ = ( )÷( )= ( )
(2)168 ÷ 42 = ( )简便计算:168 ÷ 42 = ÷ = ( )÷( )= ( )
(3)180 ÷ 45 = ( )简便计算:180 ÷ 45 = ÷ = ( )÷( )= ( )
(4)192 ÷ 48 = ( )简便计算:192 ÷ 48 = ÷ = ( )÷( )= ( )
(5)216 ÷ 54 = ( )简便计算:216 ÷ 54 = ÷ = ( )÷( )= ( )
(6)228 ÷ 57 = ( )简便计算:228 ÷ 57 = ÷ = ( )÷( )= ( )
(7)252 ÷ 63 = ( )简便计算:252 ÷ 63 = ÷ = ( )÷( )= ( )
(8)264 ÷ 66 = ( )简便计算:264 ÷ 66 = ÷ = ( )÷( )= ( )
(9)276 ÷ 69 = ( )简便计算:276 ÷ 69 = ÷ = ( )÷( )= ( )
(10)288 ÷ 72 = ( )简便计算:288 ÷ 72 = ÷ = ( )÷( )= ( )
(11)312 ÷ 78 = ( )简便计算:312 ÷ 78 = ÷ = ( )÷( )= ( )
(12)324 ÷ 81 = ( )简便计算:324 ÷ 81 = ÷ = ( )÷( )= ( )
(13)336 ÷ 84 = ( )简便计算:336 ÷ 84 = ÷ = ( )÷( )= ( )
(14)348 ÷ 87 = ( )简便计算:348 ÷ 87 = ÷ = ( )÷( )= ( )
(15)360 ÷ 90 = ( )简便计算:360 ÷ 90 = ÷ = ( )÷( )= ( )
3. 三位数除两位数两边可以同时乘以一个自然数的简便运算,并验证
(1)125 ÷ 25 = ( )简便计算:125 ÷ 25 = ÷ = ( )÷( )= ( )
(2)150 ÷ 25 = ( )简便计算:150 ÷ 25 = ÷ = ( )÷( )= ( )
(3)175 ÷ 25 = ( )简便计算:175 ÷ 25 = ÷ = ( )÷( )= ( )
(4)225 ÷ 25 = ( )简便计算:225 ÷ 25 = ÷ = ( )÷( )= ( )
(5)250 ÷ 25 = ( )简便计算:250 ÷ 25 = ÷ = ( )÷( )= ( )
(6)275 ÷ 25 = ( )简便计算:275 ÷ 25 = ÷ = ( )÷( )= ( )
(7)300 ÷ 25 = ( )简便计算:300 ÷ 25 = ÷ = ( )÷( )= ( )
(8)325 ÷ 25 = ( )简便计算:325 ÷ 25 = ÷ = ( )÷( )= ( )
(9)350 ÷ 25 = ( )简便计算:350 ÷ 25 = ÷ = ( )÷( )= ( )
(10)375 ÷ 25 = ( )简便计算:375 ÷ 25 = ÷ = ( )÷( )= ( )
(11)400 ÷ 25 = ( )简便计算:400 ÷ 25 = ÷ = ( )÷( )= ( )
(12)425 ÷ 25 = ( )简便计算:425 ÷ 25 = ÷ = ( )÷( )= ( )
(13)450 ÷ 25 = ( )简便计算:450 ÷ 25 = ÷ = ( )÷( )= ( )
(14)475 ÷ 25 = ( )简便计算:475 ÷ 25 = ÷ = ( )÷( )= ( )
(15)500 ÷ 25 = ( )简便计算:500 ÷ 25 = ÷ = ( )÷( )= ( )
三、相关应用题
1、学校图书馆有960本图书,要平均分给40个班级,每个班级可以分到多少本图书?请用简便方法计算并验证。
2、 某工厂生产了450个零件,每25个零件装一箱,这些零件可以装多少箱?请用简便方法计算并验证。
四、参考答案
知识方法巩固答案
1. 乘以,除以
2. 相同
3. 公因数
4. 商,除数,被除数
5. 乘以
6. 除以
计算训练答案
1. 三位数除两位数两边可以同时除以整十的简便运算,并验证
(1)4,4
(2)4,4
(3)6,6
(4)9,9
(5)9,9
(6)9,9
(7)8,8
(8)9,9
(9)8,8
(10)15,15
(11)14,14
(12)24,24
(13)11,11
(14)13,13
(15)23,23
2. 三位数除两位数两边可以同时除以一个自然数的简便运算,并验证
(1)4,12,3,4
(2)4,12,3,4
(3)4,12,3,4
(4)4,12,3,4
(5)4,12,3,4
(6)4,12,3,4
(7)4,12,3,4
(8)4,12,3,4
(9)4,12,3,4
(10)4,12,3,4
(11)4,12,3,4
(12)4,12,3,4
(13)4,12,3,4
(14)4,12,3,4
(15)4,12,3,4
3. 三位数除两位数两边可以同时乘以一个自然数的简便运算,并验证
(1)5,500,100,5
(2)6,600,100,6
(3)7,700,100,7
(4)9,900,100,9
(5)10,1000,100,10
(6)11,1100,100,11
(7)12,1200,100,12
(8)13,1300,100,13
(9)14,1400,100,14
(10)15,1500,100,15
(11)16,1600,100,16
(12)17,1700,100,17
(13)18,1800,100,18
(14)19,1900,100,19
(15)20,2000,100,20
应用题答案
1. 24本(简便计算:960 ÷ 40 = 96 ÷ 4 = 24)
2. 18箱(简便计算:450 ÷ 25 = ÷ = 1800 ÷ 100 = 18)
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