专题04 选择性必修第二册Unit 3～5 教材核心知识串讲（期末复习课件）高二英语上学期人教版

这是一份高中英语选择性必修第二册Unit3-Unit5的期末复习课件，包含考情透视、知识梳理、语法串讲及考场练兵模块，系统梳理核心词汇、短语、句型，聚焦过去完成时与非谓语动词等语法重点并配备实战训练题。 资料特色鲜明，融合新课标核心素养，考情分析精准对接课标要求，知识梳理分单元呈现词形变化与写作句式，语法串讲通过时间轴、对比表格直观解析难点，实战训练含高考改编题。能提升学生语言运用与文化理解能力，适合高二学生期末复习，帮助夯实基础突破语法难点，也为教师提供系统复习框架助力高效备考。

期末复习考点串讲 Unit 3 ~Unit 5 人教版·英语·选择性必修第二册 01 考情透视·目标导航 目 录 语法串讲·融会贯通 知识梳理·夯实基础 考场练兵·实战训练 02 03 04 课标要求 考情分析 第一部分 考情透视·目标导航 考情透视·目标导航 课标要求 掌握 Unit3（Food and Culture）、Unit4（Journey Across a Vast Land）、Unit5（First Aid）核心词汇、短语及句型；熟练掌握 Unit3 过去完成时与过去完成时的被动语态，Unit4 过去分词与 - ing 形式的用法区别，Unit5 -ing 形式（作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语）的复习与运用。 能识别饮食文化类、旅行记叙类、急救说明类语篇结构，快速提取核心信息；能运用细节描写、逻辑推理完成话题相关书面表达（饮食文化介绍、旅行经历分享、急救知识普及）和口头汇报。 领略中外饮食文化的多样性，尊重不同地域的饮食传统；感受长途旅行中的自然与人文之美，培养探索精神；掌握基础急救知识，树立生命安全意识，培养关爱他人的责任感。 01 语言知识 02 语言能力 03 文化意识与情感态度 考情透视·目标导航 考情分析 语法与词汇 1. 过去完成时及被动语态的语境运用；2. 过去分词与 - ing 形式的辨析（作表语、定语、状语）；3. -ing 形式的多语法功能运用；4. 单元核心词汇（如 cuisine、spectacular、first aid、victim 等）和短语（如 consist of、take sb's breath away、first aid、prevent...from 等）的辨析与搭配 阅读理解 1. 识别饮食文化、旅行游记、急救说明类语篇的结构，提取事实信息和作者观点；2. 分析语篇中支撑细节与主旨的关系；3. 推断语篇隐含意义（饮食文化的内涵、旅行的价值、急救知识的重要性） 写作与表达 1. 以 “饮食文化”“难忘的旅行”“急救知识普及” 为主题，撰写短文（100-120 词），运用具体事例或逻辑推理支撑观点；2. 正确运用所学语法和词汇，保证语篇逻辑连贯、表达得体 单词、短语、句型 第二部分 知识梳理·夯实基础 一、重点单词 1. ______________ 2. ______________ 3. ______________ 4. ______________ 5. ______________ 6. ______________ 7. ______________ 8. ______________ 9. ______________ 10. ______________ 11. ______________ 12. ______________ 13. ______________ 14. ______________ 15. ______________ 16. ______________ n. 菜肴；风味 adj. 先前的；优先 v. 由…… 组成 n. 甜椒；胡椒粉；n. 烹饪法；食谱 adj. 大胆的；浓郁 n. 厨师；主厨 n. 胡椒粒 cuisine prior consist pepper recipe bold chef peppercorn n. 醋 v. 填满；n. 东西 v. 切薄片；n. 薄片 n. 洋葱；葱头 n. 羊羔肉；羔羊 adj. 精美的；文雅的 adj. 特别的；罕见的 v. 吃；喝；消耗 vinegar stuff slice onion lamb elegant exceptional consume Unit3 Food and Culture 词形变化 16．_________ n.数量；数额 17．_____ adj.完美的；理想的；想象的 n.理想；完美的人(或事物) 18．____________ adj.根本的；基础的；基本的 n.基本规律；根本法则 19．_______ adj.些许的；谦虚的；朴素的 20．________ adv.总体上；大致上 adj.全面的；综合的 quantity ideal fundamental modest overall 词形变化 1．______ adj.先前的；优先的→_________ n．优先事项；优先权 2．________ vi.由……组成(或构成)；在于→___________ adj.一致的；连续的 3．___________ adj.特别的；罕见的；杰出的→______ prep.除……外→_________ n．例外 4．________ vt.吃；喝；饮；消耗→_________ n．消费者；用户；客户→____________ n．消费；消耗 prior priority consist consistent exceptional except exception consume consumer consumption 词形变化 5．________ adj.稳定的；稳重的→___________ n．稳定(性)；固定(性) 6．____________ n．协会；关联→__________ vt.把……联系起来；交往 adj.副的 7．______ n．诀窍；计谋；把戏 vt.欺骗→_______ adj.棘手的；难对付的 stable stability association associate trick tricky 二、重点短语 1. ______________ 2. ______________ 3. ______________ 4. ______________ 5. ______________ 6. ______________ 7. ______________ 8. ______________ 9. ______________ 10. ______________ 11. ______________ 12. ________________ 13. ________________ 14. ______________ 15. ______________ 16. _______________________ 由…… 组成 在…… 之前 切下 各种各样的 相比之下 为…… 自豪 从农场到餐桌 干锅 吸引 除…… 之外 就…… 而言 因…… 著名 照顾；处理 结果 例如 保持平衡 consist of prior to slice off a variety of in contrast take pride in farm-to-table dry pot appeal to apart from in terms of be famous for take care of as a result for instance keep a balance Unit3 Food and Culture 1.As the saying goes, " ."（俗话说，“人如其食。” 2.Chinese cuisine, , is a treasure of traditional culture.（中国菜系因地而异，是传统文化的瑰宝。 3.The reason why Sichuan food is popular is that .（川菜受欢迎的原因是它完美融合了麻辣风味。 4. , as each has its own historical and cultural significance.（我们应该尊重不同的饮食文化，因为每种文化都有其历史和文化意义。 三、句式积累 You are what you eat which varies from region to region it combines spicy and numb flavors perfectly We should respect different dietary cultures Unit3 Food and Culture 12 一、重点单词 1. ______________ 2. ______________ 3. ______________ 4. ______________ 5. ______________ 6. ______________ 7. ______________ 8. ______________ 9. ______________ 10. ______________ 11. ______________ 12. ______________ 13. ______________ 14. ______________ 15. ______________ n. 航空公司 n. 海湾 n. 手艺；工艺 n. 古董；adj. 古老 adj. 令人愉快的 v. 出现；起身 adj. 巨大的 adv. 真正 airline bay craft antique pleasant arise massive literally n. 呼吸 adj. 准备前往的；v. 束缚 n. 风景 adj. 令人惊叹的 adj. 壮观的； n. 亮点； v. 强调 breath bound scenery awesome spectacular peak highlight Unit4 Journey Across a Vast Land 词形变化 1．__________ adj.令人愉快的；友好的→________ vt.& vi.(使)高兴；(使)满意→_________ adj.高兴的；满意的→__________ adj.令人愉快的→__________ n．快乐；乐趣 2．_________ adj.巨大的；非常严重的→______ n．团；堆；许多；大量 3．________ n．呼吸的空气→_________ vt.& vi.呼吸 4．______ vi.& vt.(froze, frozen)(使)结冰；(使)冻住；冷冻→_______ adj.极冷的；冰冻的→________ adj.结冰的；冻僵的；冷冻的 pleasant please pleased pleasing pleasure massive mass breath breathe freeze freezing frozen 词形变化 5．_________ vt.使十分惊讶；使吃惊→____________ adj.惊人的；令人惊讶的→___________ adj.感到惊讶的→_____________ n．惊讶 6．______ n．薄雾；水汽→_______ adj.多雾的；模糊的 7．______________ n．(informal ad)广告；启事→___________ vi.& vt.(为……)做广告/宣传；征聘 8．____________ n．摄影师；拍照者→___________ n．照片 vi.& vt.(为……)拍照→____________ n．摄影；摄影术 astonish astonishing astonished astonishment mist misty advertisement advertise photographer photograph photography 二、重点短语 1. ______________ 2. ______________ 3. ______________ 4. ______________ 5. ______________ 6. ______________ 7. ______________ 8. ______________ 9. ______________ 10. ______________ 11. ______________ 12. ________________ 13. ________________ 14. ______________ 15. ______________ 16. _______________________ 令人惊叹 前往 朝东南方向行进 相比之下 除…… 之外 一望无际 脱离 由…… 组成 在路上 由于 一束；一群 轰鸣着穿过 在远处 因…… 著名 跟踪 出发 take sb's breath away bound for head southeast in contrast apart from as far as the eye can see break away from consist of on the way thanks to a bunch of thunder through in the distance be famous for keep track of set out Unit4 Journey Across a Vast Land 1.The journey across the Canadian Rockies was so spectacular that it .（穿越加拿大落基山脉的旅程如此壮观，令人惊叹不已。 2.As we the Li River, we were surrounded by unique karst mountains.（当我们顺漓江而下时，独特的喀斯特山脉环绕着我们。 3.What makes the trip unforgettable is .（让这次旅行难忘的不仅是美丽的风景，还有我们遇到的热情的人们。 4.It was not until we reached Toronto that we realized .（直到我们到达多伦多，才意识到加拿大是如此广阔多样。 三、写作句式积累 took our breath away sailed down not only the beautiful scenery but also the warm people we met how vast and diverse Canada is Unit4 Journey Across a Vast Land 一、重点单词 1. ______________ 2. ______________ 3. ______________ 4. ______________ 5. ______________ 6. ______________ 7. ______________ 8. ______________ 9. ______________ 10. ______________ 11. ______________ 12. ______________ 13. ______________ 14. ______________ 15. ______________ n. 技能；技术 n. 传单；小册子 n. 器官 n. 毒素 n. 光线；射线 n. 辐射 n. 酸；adj. 酸性的 n. 毫米 technique leaflet organ toxin ray radiation acid millimetre adj. 轻微的；次要的 n. 层；表层 adj. 电的 n. 受害者；患者 adj. 肿胀的 n. 水疱；v. 起水疱 prep./adv. 在…… 底下 minor layer electric victim swollen blister underneath Unit5 First Aid 词形变化 1．_______ adj.较小的；次要的；轻微的→__________ n．少数；少数民族 2．__________ adj.电的；用电的；电动的→__________ adj.与电有关的→__________ n．电；电学 3．_________ adj.(身体部位)肿起的；肿胀的→_______ vi.(swelled, swollen)膨胀；肿胀 4．________ adj.紧急的；急迫的；急切的→______ vt.力劝；敦促；强烈要求 n．强烈的欲望 minor minority electric electrical electricity swollen swell urgent urge 词形变化 5．______ vi.& vt.使(宽慰)；减轻；缓解 n．容易；舒适；自在→______ adj.容易的→______ adv.容易地 6．__________ n．电话接线员；操作员→_________ vt.操作；运转；动手术→___________ n．运转；手术 7．__________ n．流血；失血→_______ vi.(bled, bled)流血；失血→_______ n．血液；血 8．_________ vi.& vt.打断；打扰 vt.使暂停；使中断→__________ n．打扰 ease easy easily operator operate operation bleeding bleed blood interrupt interruption 词形变化 9．________ adj.切实可行的；实际的；实践的→________ n．练习；实践；惯例→__________ adv.几乎；差不多；实际上 10．________ adv.紧紧地；牢固地；紧密地→______ adj.牢固的；紧身的；绷紧的；严密的 adv.紧紧地；牢固地→________ vt.(使)变紧；(使)加紧 11．________ vt.证明……有道理；为……辩护；是……的正当理由→________ n．正义；公正 12．______adj.有雾的→_____ n．雾 practical practice practically tightly tight tighten justify justice foggy fog 二、重点短语 1. ______________ 2. ______________ 3. ______________ 4. ______________ 5. ______________ 6. ______________ 7. ______________ 8. ______________ 9. ______________ 10. ______________ 11. ______________ 12. ________________ 13. ________________ 14. ______________ 15. ______________ 16. _______________________ 急救 触电；电击 躲避 把… 应用于…… 万一；如果 防止…… 处理；应对 流血致死 包裹 滑倒 呼救 实施急救 记住 采取措施 急需 人工呼吸 first aid electric shock take shelter apply...to... in case of prevent...from... deal with bleed to death wrap up slip over call for help give first aid keep...in mind take measures in urgent need of artificial breathing Unit5 First Aid 1. , it's crucial to place the affected area under cool running water immediately.（万一发生烧伤，立即将受伤部位放在流动的凉水下冲洗至关重要。 2.The key to is to stay calm and take correct measures quickly.（急救的关键是保持冷静并迅速采取正确措施。 3.What we learned from the first-aid training will help us in daily life.（我们从急救培训中学到的知识将帮助我们应对日常生活中的紧急情况。 4. we master basic first-aid skills, we can save lives when accidents happen.（只要我们掌握基本的急救技能，就能在事故发生时挽救生命。 三、写作句式积累 In case of a burn first aid deal with emergencies As long as Unit5 First Aid 语法串讲 即时检测 第三部分 语法串讲·融会贯通 一、过去完成时的定义 表示过去某一时间或动作之前发生的动作或状态，以及对过去的某一点造成的某种影响或是结果。 例： 1. By nine o'clock last night, we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship. 2. All the tickets had been sold out when they arrived. 过去完成时与过去完成时的被动语态 present future past past perfect 过去完成时结构：had (not)+done 主动语态构成: 被动语态构成: had done had been done 二、过去完成时的结构 before(连词/介词) + 过去的时间点 “在...之前” by +过去的时间点 “到...为止” by the end of +过去的时间点 “到...为止” by the time +(一般过去时) “到...为止” 三、过去完成时的时间标志词 I ________________(finish) reading the novel by nine O'clock last night. We ________________(learn) over two thousand English words by the end of last term. They ______________(plant) six hundred trees before last Wednesday. They ___________(leave) before we arrived at the school. Breakfast ___________________(serve) by the time I got up. 即时练习 had finished had learned had planted had left had been served 1. 表示过去某一时间或某一动作前已发生且已完成的动作或状态。如： The work had been finished by us by nine o ’clock yesterday. Grace realized a mistake had been made by her. The project had been completed by the end of 1999. 四、过去完成时的用法 2.用于wish后的宾语从句中，表示对过去未做成的事情的某种感叹或愿望。如： I wish I (be) there at that time. 那时候我要在那儿就好了。（事实上我不在那儿。） I wish I (tell) him about it. 我要是没告诉他那事就好了。（事实上我告诉他了。） had been had not told 3.用于对过去事实进行虚拟的条件句中。如： If I had hurried, I wouldn't have missed the train. 如果我快点的话，我就不会误了火车。 If you had been at the party, you would have met him.  如果你去了晚会，你就会见到他的。 4.过去完成时常用在引述动词一般过去时后的间接引语中。 They said that they had planted the trees on the hillside. 他们说他们把树种在山坡上了。 Jack told me he （read） the book before. 杰克告诉我他以前读过那本书。 Julie said she （go）to see him the day before. 朱莉说她前一天已经去看过他。 had read had gone 5.think，want，hope，plan，intend，mean和suppose等词的过去完成时可以用来表示本来要做而没做或无法做的事，或没有实现的希望或意图。 Eve had hoped to see more of China. 伊芙曾希望在中国多观光一番。 I had intended to be there on time. 我本打算准时去的。 6.用在“ 主语+ had hardly/scarcely( no sooner) +过去分词+ when( than)从句”句型中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。 The party had hardly started when Joe left. I had no sooner got back to the kitchen than the doorbell rang. I had no sooner reached home than it began to rain. 当hardly /scarcely, no sooner位于句首时，主句要倒装。 Hardly had we left the house when it began to rain. Hardly Laura sat down when the phone rang. No sooner I walked in the door than they （arrive） . had had arrived 7.用在“It was the +序数词+ time ( that) sb had done”或者 “It was the +形容词最高级+名词+ (that) sb had done”句型中 (从句用过去完成时) It was the first time ( that) I (be) to Shanghai. It was the most inspiring performance I (watch). 8.用在“It was+一段时间+ since sb had done"句型中 (从句用过去完成时) It was at least three months since I (leave) Beijing. had watched had been had left 1. Before I knew it an hour ______________ (pass) and it was time to move on to lunch. ［全国III卷］ 2. Like many military medals, the one Zac's mother ______________ (find) was a family treasure.［浙江卷］ 3. A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who ____________________ (trap) in the mountains for two days.［北京卷］ 4. Mabry said he (not plan) to do much for his milestone birthday, so he was happy that the students (prepare) the surprise celebration.［天津卷］ had passed had found had been trapped hadn't planned had prepared 即时练习 过去完成时与一般过去时 1. 过去完成时：在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，表示动作发生的时间是过去的过去。 一般过去时：过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。 2. 过去完成时：助动词had+动词的过去分词，助动词had没有人称和数的变化。 一般过去时：动词的过去式did/were/was。 ①be动词; ③表示变化的词：go, get, turn, become. 时态 结构 用法 一般过去时 主动:_________________ 动作发生在________________ 被动:__________________ 过去完成时 主动:_________________ 动作发生在________________ _____________________ 被动:__________________ did/was/were was/were done had done had been done 过去的某个时间 过去的某个 时间/动作 之前 主动语态 被动语态 肯定式 否定式 肯定式 否定式 一般式 doing 完成式 not doing being done not being done having done not having done having been done not having been done 动词 -ing 形式的特点：表____________；在句中做 __________________________________。 主动、进行 主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾补 -ing 形式的用法复习 37 动词-ing形式的功能总结 动词-ing形式 主语 宾语 表语 定语 宾补 状语 动名词（doing） 现在分词（doing） 38 动词-ing形式作主语 1.动词-ing形式作主语时，往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，通常置于句首。 Reading aloud is a good way to learn a language. 大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。 Wasting a person’s time is the same as killing him for his property. 浪费别人的时间无异于谋财害命。 (一） 39 (1) 不定式作主语表示具体的或一次性的动作。 To lie to her is wrong. 对她撒谎不对。 (2) 动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Climbing mountains is really difficult for the old. 对于老人来说爬山确实困难。 注意： 2.不定式作主语和动名词作主语区别 40 3.v.­ing形式作主语 常用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句尾的句式。 It is a waste of time doing... 做……是浪费时间。 It is no good/use doing... 做……是没用的。 It is worthwhile doing... 做……是值得的。 It is no fun doing... 做……没有乐趣。 It is no use crying over spilt milk. 牛奶已洒，哭也白搭。（覆水难收。） It is a waste of time arguing with him about the matter. 同他争辩这件事是浪费时间。 It is no good/use regretting. 悔恨是没用的。 (1)　　　　　（relearn） the art of seeing the world around us is quite simple，although it takes practice and requires breaking some bad habits. (2) As a chef，　　　　（study）Chinese cuisine is what he often does whether in work or at home. (3) It’s a waste of time just 　　　　（wait）. We should engage ourselves in the search work. (4) 　　　　 　（expose） to loud noise can do damage to your hearing. (5) Being in such a beautiful and wild place 　　　　 (make) me feel blessed to be alive. 即时练习 Relearning studying waiting Being exposed makes v.­ing形式作宾语 1.作动词的宾语 To avoid being noticed，he slipped into the room. I don't like watching television but I enjoy listening to the radio. (1) 接动词 -ing 形式作宾语的常用动词（短语）有： avoid，miss，delay/put off 避免 错过 少延期 advise/ suggest，finish，practise 建议 完成 多练习 enjoy，imagine，can’t help 喜欢 想象 禁不住 admit，deny，envy 承认 否定 与嫉妒 escape，risk，excuse 逃避 冒险 莫原谅 stand，keep，mind 忍受 保持 不介意 (二） 2.作动词短语的宾语 ►He insisted on doing it in his own way.►I dream of sailing around the world and leading a happy life. (2) 常见的跟v.­ing形式作宾语的动词短语有： insist on， object to，be good at，be fond of，lead to，put off，give up， look forward to，stick to，feel like，devote to，get/be used to， pay attention to，be worth，dream of，think of，be concerned about，set about(开始做），be addicted to，be accustomed to，devote oneself to，be used to，get down to，lead to，contribute to等 Statistics show that prices will continue rising/to rise. 统计数据显示，物价将持续上涨。 (3) 接动词 -ing 形式或 to do 作宾语时意义差别不大的动词有：begin，start，continue，like， love，prefer，hate 等。 They stopped to have a look at the fantastic scenery. They stopped working and had a rest. (4) 接动词 -ing 形式或 to do 作宾语时意义差别较大的动词有： remember/forget to do sth. 记着 / 忘记要做某事 remember/forget doing sth. 记着 / 忘记做过某事 regret to do/ doing sth. 遗憾要做 / 后悔做了某事 try to do/ doing sth. 努力做 / 试着做某事 mean to do/ doing sth. 打算做 / 意味着做某事 stop to do/ doing sth. 停下来去做（另一件事）/ 停止做某事 can’t help（to） do/doing sth. 不能帮忙做 / 禁不住做某事 a. 动词-ing形式作宾语时，如果动作不是主语发出，则需加逻辑主语。 Would you mind opening the window? 你介意打开窗户吗？ Would you mind me/my /Tom/ Tom’s opening the window? 你介意我 / 汤姆打开窗户吗？ b. 当不强调动作先后时既可以用doing也可以用having done作宾语。 He admitted having referred /referring to his notes in the exam. 他承认在考试中查阅了笔记。 c. 动词 think/find/make/feel/believe/consider 后面可以用 it 作形式宾语，动词 -ing 形式作真正的宾语. 宾补形式 Do you consider it good trying again? 你觉得再试一次有用吗？ d. 动词 -ing 形式作介词宾语，介词可省略的短语有： spend time/money（in） doing be busy（in） doing prevent/stop sb.（from） doing have trouble/difficulty/a problem/a good time（in） doing The police had much difficulty（in）finding out the connection between the man and the case. 警方颇费周折才查明这个人与该案的关联。 e. 主动形式表被动意义 need，require，want 作“需要”讲时，接动词 -ing 形式作宾语，表示被动含义，相当于 to be done。 The room needs equipping /to be equipped with a video camera. 这个房间需要安装一台摄像机。 即时练习 (1)They use computers to keep the traffic ________(run) smoothly. (2)The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog ___________(follow) them. (3)He had the walls __________(paint) this morning. (4)Hearing the scream，the operator rushed out，leaving the machine still __________(run). (5)We held our breath when watching the young doctor __________(deal) with the swollen skin. running following painted running dealing v.­ing形式作补足语 v.­ing形式作宾语补足语时，表示正在进行的动作或经常存在的状态。v.­ing形式常作以下动词的宾语补足语。 1.表示感觉和心理状态的感官动词(常见的有see，hear，feel，smell， find，notice，observe等)＋sb＋doing sth(作宾补)。 ►When I came in，I saw Linda comforting the crying girl. 我进来时，看见琳达在安慰那个哭泣的女孩。 (三） 2.表示指使意义的使役动词(常见的有have，let，keep，get，leave等)＋sb/sth＋doing sth(作宾补)。让……一直做某事” ►We kept the fire burning all night long. 我们让火整夜燃烧着。 3.用于with复合结构中。 ►I couldn't do my homework with the noise going on. 由于噪音不断，我没法做家庭作业。 v.­ing形式作定语 1.动名词作定语表示被修饰词的某种性能或用途。 ►No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room. 阅览室里不准大声说话。 2.现在分词作定语时，它和被修饰词之间有逻辑上的主动关系，表示所修饰词进行的动作，相当于一个定语从句。 ►The boy playing football on the playground is my younger brother. ＝The boy that/who is playing football on the playground is my younger brother. 在操场上踢足球的那个男孩是我的弟弟。 (四） 动名词和现在分词都可以作定语，但有所区别。 非谓语动词形式作定语： (1) 过去分词作定语（done）表示被动，动作已完成。 (2) 动词 -ing 形式作定语（Ving ）表示主动，动作正在发生。 (3)动词 -ing 形式的被动式作定语（being done）表示被动，动作正在发生。 (4)不定式作定语（to do）表示主动，动作将要发生。 (5)不定式的被动式作定语（to be done）表示被动，动作将要发生。 the stadium built last year（已经建完） the stadium being built now（正在被建） the stadium to be built next year（将要建造） 即时练习 (1)When we got a call __________(say) she was short­listed，we thought it was a joke. (2)The next thing he saw was smoke ________（rise）from behind the house. (3)Generally speaking，the flowers _________(smell) sweet can attract more bees. (4)There’s a note pinned to the door　　　　（say） when the shop will open. saying smelling rising saying v.­ing形式作状语 v.­ing形式作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、结果、让步、方式或伴随情况等。 v.­ing形式作状语，其逻辑主语一般就是句子的主语，它们之间是一种逻辑上的主谓关系。 (五） 作表语的动词-ing形式包括现在分词和动名词。 (1) 现在分词作表语，往往具有形容词的性质，说明主语的性质、特征等。作表语的现在分词，许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的。常见的有：moving，interesting，encouraging，exciting，inspiring，boring，surprising，puzzling，amusing，astonishing等。这类分词有“令人……的”的含义，常修饰物。 v.­ing形式作表语 (五） 现在分词(V-ing)和过去分词(V-ed)作表语 57 The argument is very convincing. 这个论点很令人信服。 Your speech is very interesting and encouraging. 你的演讲很有趣而且很鼓舞人。 2.不定式和动词-ed形式也可作表语，但不定式通常强调一次性的、具体的、将要发生的动作，动词-ed形式则表示被动、完成含义。 58 (3) 动名词作表语多表示抽象性的或习惯性的动作，一般说明主语的内容。 Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible. ＝Keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job. 她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。 59 现在分词（短语）在句中作状语来修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、方式、让步或伴随状况。 (1) 作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句。 Walking in the park, she saw an old friend. ＝When/While (she was) walking in the park, she saw an old friend. 当她在公园里散步时，她看到了她的一个老朋友。 当表示正在进行的动作时，可直接在分词前面加上when/while，此时也可理解为状语从句的省略。 v.­ing形式作状语 (五） 60 (2) 作原因状语，一般可转换成由as或because引导的原因状语从句。 Being ill, he couldn’t go to school. ＝As he was ill, he couldn’t go to school. 因为生病了，他无法去上学。 (3) 作条件状语，一般放在句首，可转换成由if，unless等连词引导的条件状语从句。 Working hard, you’ll make great progress. ＝If you work hard, you’ll make great progress. 如果你努力工作，你将取得很大进步。 61 (4) 作结果状语。现在分词作结果状语时，通常放在句末，中间用逗号隔开，表示一种顺其自然、意料之中的结果。 The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, allowing more patients to be treated. 这家医院最近得到一批新的医疗设备，这使更多的病人能得到治疗。 62 (5) 作让步、方式和伴随状语 现在分词作让步、方式和伴随状语时，说明动作发生的背景和情况。作伴随状语时，表示分词的动作和主句的动作同时发生，此时它可转换成并列句。 Mary sat by the window of the classroom, reading a book. ＝Mary sat by the window of the classroom and was reading a book. 玛丽坐在教室的窗边读一本书。 63 即时练习 (1) I left for the land of warmth and vitamin C，　　　　　（think） of beaches and orange trees. (2) You have to prepare the next question 　 　　　　（depend） on the presentation. (3) 　　　　　（walk） in the street，he felt really free and pleased. (4) Unless 　　　　（see）the changes with your own eyes，you will never believe their greatness. (5) 　 　　　　（speak）up his opinion，he set down to organize a group. thinking depending Walking seeing Having spoken 语法串讲 即时检测 第四部分 考场练兵·实战训练 1.By the time the food festival ended, more than 500 dishes _____ ___ (serve) to the guests.（2023・浙江卷改编 2.The traveler ____ ____ (wander) in the forest for three days before he was rescued. 3.It is important that we ______ __ (master) basic first-aid skills in daily life. 4.The restaurant ________ (run) by a famous chef has won many awards. 5.What surprised us most was that the injured man ______ __ (receive) first aid before the ambulance arrived. 6.She avoided ________ (eat) spicy food because of her stomach problem. 一、单句语法填空 had been served had been wandering whom/that (should) master run had received eating 7.The bridge ________ (build) in the 19th century is still in use today. 8.By 2025, the farm-to-table movement _______ _ (become) more popular in China. 9.It is no use ________ (argue) with him; he never listens to others' advice. 10.The reason why he failed the exam is that he _ _______ (not review) the key points. 11.________ (walk) along the Li River, we enjoyed the beautiful karst scenery. 12.The victim ____ ____ (take) to the hospital immediately after the accident happened. built will have become arguing hadn't reviewed Walking was taken Huawei has unveiled a new flagship phone, Mate 70, installing entirely homegrown software that aims to give users     1      alternative to Google’s Android or Apple’s iOS, in another effort by the Chinese tech giant to defend against possible     2     (far) sanctions (制裁) by Washington. The new smartphone, which starts at 5,499 yuan ($760),     3      (feature) the HarmonyOS Next operating system, not supporting Android-based apps. Faced with a range of     4      (crisis), Huawei has demonstrated great strength to make an advanced chip on last year’s Mate 60,     5      (follow) sweeping technological restrictions by the United States to control China’s access to foreign semiconductor technology. The shift away from the Android ecosystem will be essential for Huawei     6      (grow) in the high-end market, solidify consumer loyalty,     7      attract potential platform changers. an features further crises to grow following and 二、语法填空 The first version of HarmonyOS, which supported Android-based applications, was launched months after Huawei was placed on a US trade blacklist that banned American firms from selling tech and software to the Chinese company     8      license. Despite the bans, over the years, Huawei has shown     9     (remark) determination to put its resources into developing      10     it called a fully homegrown platform to rival (对抗) Western standards. without remarkable what 感谢聆听 每天解决一个小问题，每周攻克 一个薄弱点，量变终会引发质变。 教师寄语 $