考前押题07 阅读还原（六选五）（期末复习专项训练）八年级英语上学期新教材译林版

司 专题07 阅读还原（六选五）常考话题 话题1 自然灾害与防范（常考点） 话题4 学习策略 话题2 野生动物（常考点） 话题5 学校生活 话题3 自然世界 话题6 交友建议 话题1 自然灾害与防范 Passage 1 There are lots of natural disasters every year. 1 Typhoons (台风) are some of the worst storms, usually around the Pacific Ocean (太平洋) and the South China Sea. Most happen in July, August and September. How does a typhoon happen? When lots of sea water gets hot in the summer sun, it evaporates (蒸发) into the air. This makes the air hotter. 2 Then cooler air around it rushes in. It fills the space that is left. After the air gets warmer, it starts to move quickly, making wind. The wind goes in circles and it keeps moving higher in the sky. The warmer the air gets, the quicker the wind moves. And when wind moves faster than 30 metres a second, a typhoon begins. A typhoon has two parts. One is called the “eye”. 3 The other part is the wall of clouds around the eye. Here are the strongest winds and hardest rains. Typhoons are very dangerous. In November in 2013, Typhoon Haiyan killed 6,000 people in Philippines. 4 What should we do when a typhoon hits? *Stay inside. 5 *Try to bring all of your things inside. Strong winds could even blow away your bikes! *Listen to the radio or TV or search on the Internet for important information. *If you’re told to go to a safer place, do it right now. A．More people were hurt and some others were missing. B．Close all the windows and stay away from them. C．Typhoons are among them. D．For example, strong winds cause many problems. E．In the eye, the wind does not move so fast. F．When the air gets warm enough, it starts to move high up into sky. Passage 2 （25-26八年级上·江苏·单元测试）Why do earthquakes happen? Before science was able to explain (解释) them, cultural legends tried to tell the reasons. 1 China  The ancient Chinese believed that earthquakes were caused by the “imbalance (失衡) of yin and yang”. Earthquakes were thought to be a warning (警告) from Heaven to human beings. 2 It was believed that earthquakes would happen when the balance between yin and yang, or that between Heaven and Earth, was lost. Greece  In Greek mythology (神话), earthquakes happened when Poseidon was very angry. 3 Poseidon was also the ancient Greek god of horses, the sea, rivers, floods and droughts. He held a trident (三叉戟) and was described in mythology as a powerfully-built (体格健壮的) man. In ancient Greek texts, Poseidon was said to hit the ground hard with the trident, 4 . India  The ancient Indians thought that the Earth was carried by several elephants standing on the back of a great turtle. The elephants supported the Earth from the four directions, 5 . A．and then earthquakes happened B．people were very afraid when earthquakes happened C．and it would cause earthquakes when the elephants shook D．They had something to do with the bad actions of human beings. E．Let’s look at some of the world’s most famous earthquake myths. F．His anger caused not only earthquakes but also tsunamis. Passage 3 （25-26八年级上·江苏·课后作业）Lightning is one of nature’s light shows. It often happens in hot, wet places. Around the world, there are about 2,000 lightning storms happening at any given moment. It is a large electric flash of light, which is very hot. 1 This moving air makes a loud sound called thunder. Because light travels at greater speed than sound, we see the lightning before we hear the thunder. Lightning is fun to watch but dangerous. 2 When the lightning hits land, it can cause a fire. Many wildfires start because of summer lightning. Because the land, trees and grasses are dry, they burn easily. On the other hand, it also brings danger to human beings. During storms with lightning, the electric shocks (电击) could destroy buildings or kill people outside. Some people using something electric or wet may get hurt in their homes. 3 It is necessary to keep the following dos and don’ts in mind. Stay inside during storms with lightning. Stay away from windows. Do not take a shower when there is lightning. Do not wash your hands. Remind your parents not to use the washer. Lightning can go through water. 4 Stay indoors for a while to be sure the storm is over. Do not use anything that is electric. Lightning can go through wires (电线). Remind your parents to turn off TVs and computers. 5 Learn about it. Learn how to stay safe. Then you can enjoy nature’s light shows. 根据短文内容，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。 A．Lightning is an exciting part of nature. B．On the one hand, it causes harm to earth. C．As soon as the rain stops, you can go outside. D．It heats the air around it and the hot air moves at high speed. E．Even after the rain stops, there can still be lightning. F．You need to know some facts about lightning to keep safe. Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·江苏·期末）When the sky suddenly turns dark and the wind is strong, be careful. This may mean a dangerous storm is coming. The black clouds and the strong winds are nature’s warnings (警告). 1 When you see a flash of lightning (闪电), quickly get into a building. Even after you are indoors, it is not smart to go near doors and windows. 2 A room with no windows is the safest place to be. Do not wash your hands during a storm. Do not take risks using anything that runs on electricity (电), either. Although you really want to play computer games, don’t do that. It is better to be bored than to get hurt. 3 It is more fun than playing computer games. If you are outside at that time, you may feel safe under a tree. 4 Instead, find an open place. Also, remember to cover your ears. If you don’t, some loud noises may hurt your hearing. Lightning does not strike (攻击) people very often. You will hardly ever see that happen. 5 Only trained workers can care for you. If you follow these rules, you could stay safe during a storm. A．They can be broken easily. B．Try reading a book instead. C．But if an accident happens, call 120. D．However, it is not a good place to be. E．Touching water can bring you danger. F．So you should act right away to keep safe. Passage 5 （24-25八年级下·期末）Storms can be very dangerous, with strong winds, heavy rain, slippery (滑的) roads and sometimes even hail (冰雹) or lightning (闪电). 1 . 2 . One of the most important things to do during a storm is to stay indoors. If you are outside, try to find a safe (安全的) place as soon as possible. A strong building is the best place to stay, as it can protect (保护) you from the wind and rain. Keep far from windows. 3 . They may hurt your eyes or face. It’s also not a good idea to use electrical appliances (电子设备) during a storm, as lightning can cause fire. Be careful when driving. If you are driving during a storm, you need to drive slowly and carefully. Heavy rain can make the roads slippery, and strong winds can push your car off road. 4 . Care about the weather report. During a storm, it’s important to notice the weather changes. Listen to the radio or check the weather app on your phone. 5 . It’s normal for humans to experience storms. What we should do most is to keep cool and try our best to do something useful and keep safe. A．Stay inside during a storm B．If storms come, run out as quickly as possible C．If the glass on them is broken, flying pieces can be very dangerous D．If the rain is too heavy, it is better to stop the car and wait until the rain stops E．Knowing how to keep safe (安全的) during a storm is important for everyone F．This can help you know if the storm is getting better or if there are any other dangers 话题2 野生动物 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·江苏扬州·期末）Arctic foxes (北极狐) live in the Arctic. They grow to be about 50 centimeters long, not including the tail, 30 centimeters tall and weigh from 3 to 7 kilos. 1 The white ones are white in winter, but gray-brown in summer. The blue ones are blue-gray all year round. 2 And the long fur covers their whole body to keep them warm in the low temperature in the Arctic. Arctic foxes mainly feed on birds, birds’ eggs and other small animals. Teamwork is the way they look for food. 3 Baby Arctic foxes are very lovely. They don’t open their eyes until a week after their birth. 4 They begin to look for food on their own when they are about six months old. The next year they can live alone. Now the number of Arctic foxes is becoming smaller and smaller, because people kill them for their fur to make beautiful coats. 5 A．We must do something to protect Arctic foxes. B．They don’t like to do it alone. C．They don’t need anything to eat for the first six months. D．For the first half of the year, their parents offer them food. E．Arctic foxes are white or blue in color. F．Arctic foxes have long and thick fur. Passage 2 Elephant Families African elephants live together in a herd (群). They all take care of each other. The leader of the herd is an old mother elephant. She is the matriarch (女酋长). 1 They follow the matriarch because she guards the family from danger. Adult male elephants go off to live on their own and start families. 2 Young elephants learn by copying other elephants. Elephants live to be 50 or 60 years old. They have long memories. A matriarch can remember where to find water even in a dry period. The herd will follow her there. 3 Elephants talk to each other with low rumbling (隆隆的) sounds. Some rumbling sounds are so deep that people cannot hear them. 4 So they greet each other by touch. They use their trunks (象鼻) and feet. If danger comes, mothers flap their ears to call their babies. The adult elephants circle around the babies. Other animals do not often attack elephants. But a lion might try to attack a sick elephant or a baby. If this happens, the elephants make loud sounds. 5 The matriarch puts herself in front of the herd. She flaps her ears out wide. This makes her look even larger. Then she lowers her head and charges the enemy in a big cloud of dust. 根据短文内容，从选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。 A．Elephants are intelligent animals. B．They also hit the ground with their trunks. C．Elephants have lots of feeling in their skin. D．They can also smell and pick up things with it. E．The other elephants are daughters, sisters, cousins, and babies. F．She can also remember the safest place to cross a fast-moving river. Passage 3 The film Earth is a wildlife documentary (野生动物纪录片). 1 The stars are the animals and the action is set in the different places where they live. 2 In this film, the story has been made by nature. Our journey begins in spring. In the Arctic, a mother polar bear (北极熊) and her two babies have to find enough food before the ice they live on melts (融化). 3 They are looking for water after crossing the Kalahari Desert together. Each of these families is fighting to live in a world where the seasons are changing. The most excellent film-making ways in the world were used during the twenty months of filming. The film shows us what a wonderful place we live in. 4 If we don’t do so, many of these beautiful animals will be in great danger. 5 And remember everyone plays a role in protecting the planet. A．The film shows how can animals help humans. B．Unlike other documentaries, Earth tells a story. C．So let’s do something to stop animals from danger. D．In the film, we can visit our planet from north to south. E．But it also tells us that we should look after our planet better. F．Halfway around the world, we can see the mother elephant and her baby. Passage 4 Many have heard of shark fin soup. But do you realize that you’re killing a whole shark each time you enjoy a bowl of shark fin soup? When people catch sharks, they cut off their fins and throw the sharks back into the ocean. 1 Without a fin, a shark can no longer swim and slowly dies. Sharks are at the top of the food chain in the ocean’s ecosystem. 2 Many believe that sharks can never be endangered because they are the strongest in their food chain. 3 The numbers of some kinds of sharks have fallen by over 90 percent in the last 20 to 30 years. Environmental protection groups around the world, such as Wild Aid and the WWF, are teaching the public about “finning”. 4 So far, no scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health, so why eat them? 5 A．Help save the sharks! B．They are in great danger now. C．This is not only cruel, but also harmful to the environment. D．If their numbers drop too fast, it will bring danger to all ocean life. E．They have even asked governments to develop laws to stop the sale of shark fins. F．But in fact, around 70 million sharks are caught and traded in this industry every year. Passage 5 Whales are beautiful and interesting animals on the earth. Are they fish? In fact, they aren’t fish. 1 It’s amazing to think how big whales are. 2 They are more than 30 meters long and weigh about 80 tons each. They are heavier than 24 elephants. A new baby whale weighs as much as a big elephant. The blue whale also has the largest heart in the world. 3 Whales feed on sea life. Some whales eat seals and fish. Some eat plants. Some whales have teeth, while others don’t. 4 So they often jump out of water. Beaches are not safe places for whales. They need to stay in the sea. For whales, the mistake of landing on beaches is dangerous. 5 Some people may catch whales for meat, fat and oil. Whale parts are sold to makes things like candles and soap. A．So they can’t swim. B．It can be as heavy as 80kg. C．Whales must come to the top of the sea to breathe. D．Blue whales are the largest animals on the earth. E．They may lose their lives. F．But their homes are in the sea. 话题3 自然世界 Passage 1 Deserts are the driest places on the earth. Very little rain falls there and few plants can grow. About one-fifth of the land on Earth is desert. 1 Cold deserts are dry and cold. They are found in freezing areas around the North and South Poles (两极). 2 Hot deserts are dry and hot in the day. But they can be very cold at night. Some hot deserts are sandy. 3 It is the Sahara in North Africa. Desert plants Not many plants can live in the desert. 4 Some desert plants have very long roots to reach water underground. The roots of a kind of plant of North America may go down 50 meters to reach water. A cactus keeps water in its thick stem. Desert animals Few animals live in the desert. Most of them sleep during the day and only come out at night when it is cooler. The best-known desert animal is the camel (骆驼). A camel can go a long time without water. 5 Then, when the camel finds water, it can drink 115 L or more in a few minutes. A．Kinds of desert B．Hot areas of desert C．What’s the world’s largest hot desert? D．The ground of cold deserts is always covered with ice and snow. E．It can lose about one-third of the weight of its body and still live. F．Those that do live there have changed themselves to fit the dry conditions. Passage 2 The Yangtze River is more than 6,300 kilometers long. In the world, it is the third longest river after the Nile in Africa and the Amazon River in South America. However, it is the longest river in China. 1 The birthplace of the Yangtze River is the Tuotuo River in Qinghai Province. 2 Finally, it pours itself into the sea. Whenever you’d like to enjoy the YangtzeRiver, it is always so beautiful. 3 So I have been familiar with this river since I was a child. In the morning, everything goes smoothly. It’s the best time to see the Yangtze River on the bridge. 4 At noon, the sun shines brightly on the water, and it looks much nicer. In the evening, I like playing games in the Binjiang Park, by the river. 5 The colorful lights on the ships also add beauty to the Yangtze River. The Yangtze River never stops for a moment, feeding every life on the land with its long and huge body. The Yangtze River, our mother river, I am proud of you! A．Have you ever been there? B．It is the mother river of us Chinese people. C．It looks like a long huge loong (龙), truly amazing. D．I often see ships passing by on the Yangtze River. E．It runs through eleven provinces and cities, from west to east. F．I was born and grew up in Yichang, a city near the Yangtze River. Passage 3 Everybody knows that there are usually four seasons in a year. 1 As our planet moves around the Sun, the light from the Sun falls on the Earth from different directions. This helps create the seasons. At different times of the year, there is more sunlight in some places and less sunlight in others. More sunlight means longer days and warmer weather. 2 It gets colder in autumn and winter because the days are shorter, and we get less light from the Sun. The seasons fall at different times of year around the world. For example, China is to the north of the equator. Here, we experience summer from June to August. 3 In Australia, it is summer from December to February, and Australians have their spring when we have our autumn. 4 The hottest and the coldest parts of the world usually have only two seasons. It is always hot in places close to the equator. These places are called the tropics. Instead of our four seasons, many parts of the tropics have a rainy season and a dry season. 5 Around the North and South Poles, there are only two seasons too: a very, very cold winter and a somewhat less cold summer. A．This is why we have spring and summer. B．To the south of the equator, June, July and August are winter months. C．But do you know the colours of the four seasons? D．People will never experience winter in these areas. E．But do you know how the four seasons are formed? F．Not all places in the world have four seasons like ours. Passage 4 Chinese poets speak highly of the beauty of the four seasons. 1 In spring, poets praise the vitality of spring. In Meng Haoran’s Spring Dawn, it describes the morning of spring. 2 3 In Bai Juyi’s Observing the Harvesting of Wheat, the poet shows the heat of summer by telling scenes of summer work. In autumn, poets tell us a grand autumn. In Cao Cao’s The Sea, there is a famous sentence: The autumn wind blows drear and bleak; The monstrous billows surge up high. 4 In winter, poets praise the beauty of life through the coldness of winter. 5 Their poetry makes us feel that the changes of the seasons are not only natural phenomena (现象), but also reflections (反映) of life, time, and history. Through these poems, we can deeply understand and feel the beauty of the four seasons. A．The songs of birds wake the sleeping world. B．In Liu Yuxi’s Willow Branch Song, he shows the beauty of life in winter through comparison. C．The birds sing when the moon rises in the sky. D．They use rich imagination and words as brushes to paint unique pictures of them. E．The poet shows the power of autumn through the bleak wind and the rolling waves. F．In summer, poets describe the heat of summer. 话题4 学习策略 Passage 1 Learning how to read well in English might not be an easy task. But it’s something you’ll have to do on your language learning journey. 1 , not only for taking tests. If you want to improve your reading ability in English, the following are just for you. Choose right reading materials. There are textbooks and graded readers, but there are also a lot more books you can read. 2 . Here is a good rule to follow: choose reading materials where you understand at least 80% of the content. Try to read word groups. Reading can both introduce you to new words and teach you how to use them. 3 . Read groups of words, or words that go together. 4 . Don’t try to understand everything. As you’re practicing your reading ability, you need to accept the fact that you might not understand every single word, and that’s OK. Your brain can’t learn so many new things at once. 5 . And you can go back to check the new things you don’t understand later. A．Many words in English are often used together B．Reading well in English is useful for many reasons C．You can choose some famous English books to read D．Don’t choose a book that is too easy or too difficult E．That will help you better understand how to use new words F．It’s more important to get the picture of what you are reading Passage 2 There are some skills for students to listen to the teacher in class, which means you’re going to have to practice it. Just as you would have to practice playing basketball to be a better player, you also have to practice listening. How to listen in school? 1 One of the things you need to do is to make sure that your mind doesn’t wander (漫游). It’s easy to start thinking about other things, especially when you’re not interested in the subject. 2 Next, listen to the main ideas. If you want to catch every little piece of information, you’ll feel tired and bored. 3 Not only does this show respect to the teacher, it also helps prevent your mind from wandering. 4 Or it could just be someone talking to their neighbors who shouldn’t be. It can even be some birds outside the classroom window, or a group of kids who are talking loudly as they pass the door to your room. Finally, You need to take notes because you will not remember everything the teacher said. You’ll have to take down the notes so that you can study it after class. 5 Listening isn’t always easy, but if you follow these simple steps, you’ll be much more successful in your classes. A．Here are some suggestions. B．You’ll also need to look at the teacher. C．Helping with each other is a good way. D．So make yourself pay attention to what the teacher is saying. E．It might be a friend who is trying to pass you a note. F．Taking notes also makes you pay attention to the class. Passage 3 （25-26八年级上·江苏扬州·阶段练习）Students learn their lessons in class. 1 Students sit in the classroom listening to the teachers. This is a way of learning. Is this the only way for students to learn something? Of course not. There is another way to learn. 2 For example, if you can’t remember something when you are doing your homework, you can look at your book to find the answers. This is a way to teach yourself. And it is not a difficult thing. We can do this at any place and at any time. How do you teach yourself? 3 Read something you are interested in, or you have to read. The second is that you must ask yourself questions. The question is something you don’t understand, or you want to know more about. You can write down these questions. 4 The third is to answer the question yourself by thinking hard, by reading the text of other books, and by referring to (查阅) dictionaries. This is the way of teaching yourself. And you must do your best. 5 A．That is students can teach themselves. B．In class teachers teach them. C．Listening to teachers in class is the only way to learn. D．A clever student is usually good at asking questions. E．The first thing you must do is reading. F．If you keep doing like this for a long time, you are sure to succeed in your study. Passage 4 As you know, homework is a big part of going to school. Sometimes, it may be difficult for us to finish all the homework on time. And we would like it easy. 1 . Make a homework plan Most middle school students have two or three hours of homework a night. If it is a heavy homework day, you may need to spend even more time. 2 , especially if you are going to do sports or other activities after school. Watch where you work A bedroom, study or any room where you can get away from noise is good for you to do your homework. 3 . Otherwise, you might fall asleep there. Take a break 4 , so it may be helpful to take some breaks while doing your homework. Sitting for too long without relaxing will make you less productive (多产的) than if you stop to take a break regularly. Taking a 10-minute break every hour is a good way for most people. Get help when you need it Sometimes even though you are listening carefully in class, some subjects seem too hard. The first person to ask for help is your teacher. He or she may be able to work with you before or after school and explain things more clearly. 5 . However, they might not give you the results you want. Lots of people understand something well but are not able to explain it. A．Most people’s attention (注意力) don’t last very long B．Here are some suggestions (建议) for you to choose from C．But don’t study on your comfortable bed D．Complete your homework by yourself E．It’s a good idea to make a homework plan F．Your classmates may also be able to give you a hand Passage 5 （23-24八年级下·江苏徐州·期末）Everyone is born with the ability to learn. But whether you can do this well depends on (取决于) your learning habits. Research (研究) shows that successful learners have some good habits in common. Creating an interest in what they learn. Studies show that if you are interested in something, your brain is more active and it is also easier for you to pay attention to (注意) it for a long time. 1 For example, if they need to learn English and they like music or sports, they can listen to English songs or watch sports programs in English. This way they will not get bored. 2 “Practice makes perfect.” Good learners will keep practicing what they have learned, and they are not afraid of making mistakes. Alexander Graham Bell did not invent (发明) the telephone overnight. He succeeded by trying many times and learning from his mistakes. Developing their study skills. It is not enough to just study hard. 3 For example, they may take notes by writing down key words or by drawing mind maps. They also look for ways to review (预习) what they have learned. They may do this by reading their notes every day or by explaining the information to another student. Asking questions. 4 They even ask each other and try to find out the answers. Knowledge comes from questioning. Learning is a lifelong journey because every day brings something new. Everything that you learn becomes a part of you and changes you. 5 A．Don’t be afraid of failure. B．Practising and learning from mistakes. C．Good learners know the best way they can study. D．Good learners often ask questions during or after class. E．Good learners can always find interesting ways to learn. F．So, be a clever learner, and you will become a successful learner. 话题5 学校生活 Passage 1 Do you do any chores at home? Do you take any labor courses (劳动课) at school? 1 They can both make you develop good habits and help you a lot in the future. But how to get proper practice? Here is some advice. Do chores at home. It’s not so difficult for you to do something at home. Doing some dishes or taking out the rubbish is a good choice for you. 2 But it is important because it can provide you with basic skills. Then, you will form good working habits and adapt (适应) to changes in life. Take labor courses at school. It is reported that students in primary and middle schools in China must take labor courses and receive labor education. 3 Students can choose everyday chores such as cleaning, organizing and cooking; agricultural or manufacturing labor like growing vegetables and making handicrafts; or service such as volunteer work. Join clubs. There must be all kinds of clubs for you such as the cooking club, paper-cutting club or clothes-making club. 4 Your friendship will certainly be stronger because of sharing the same experience. Take part in competitions. If you are the winner in cake-making or any other kind of competition, your parents will be proud of you. 5 It’s really necessary to take labor education both at school and at home. When you become more and more independent while growing up, you can realize the value of taking it. 根据短文内容，将下面方框内的选项还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺，每个选项只能用一次，其中有一个选项是多余的。 A．You can also join these clubs with your best friends together. B．There is no need for you to compare with your friends! C．Many students may think it a waste of time to do chores. D．And these kinds of competitions will make your school life colorful and meaningful. E．Schools will mainly offer three kinds of labor courses. F．Develop some life skills, and they can help you in many ways. Passage 2 （24-25八年级上·江苏盐城·阶段练习）What are PE lessons like in your country?___ 1___ At my school, sports can be relaxed. You don’t have to go to a 40-minute class each week. Instead, we get to pick when we want to play sports. 2 So everyone can find their favourite sports. Our school has many amazing activities. We can take lessons in swimming, rock climbing, dancing and so on. Yuan Ningfei, 16, the UK In my school, every afternoon from 3:30 to 5 pm is PE time. In PE classes, students usually just do some exercise, such as running or weight lifting (举重) in the gym, or playing. However, people in the US love sports a lot. 3 Every school has sports teams, for example, American football, baseball, basketball, tennis, and much more. Niu Hanliang, 15, the US In Serbia, our school classes include two hours of PE per week. Each part lasts 50 minutes. While taking these classes, we start with 10 minutes of running, then we play different sports like soccer, basketball, volleyball, or badminton. Many students at my school love physical activities very much. 4 Each training lasts two hours. Emilia Jovic, 16, Serbia Different countries have different PE lessons. Most of the students like it very much. 5 . Do you think so? A．They also join after-school clubs to get training five times each week. B．There are many interesting outdoor activities. C．Some students from all over the world tell something about their PE classes. D．Sports team training is another way of PE. E．There are also a great number of sports to choose from. F．Doing sports is a great way to stay healthy. Passage 3 （23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期末）In North America, many students join environment clubs. In an environment club, students work together to reduce pollution and protect the environment. 1 ·No-garbage lunches: How much garbage do you throw away after lunch? 2 The class with the least garbage gets a prize. ·No-car days: On a no-car day, nobody comes to school in a car—neither the students nor the teachers! Cars pollute our air, so remember: Walk, skip, bike or run. Use your legs! It’s lots of fun! ·Bring your own shopping bag! Bring your own bag when you go shopping. 3 ·Save water! Did you know that a leaky toilet can waste 20 to 40 litres (升) of water an hour? In a year, that would fill a large swimming pool! In environment clubs, students fix leaky toilets and sinks. · 4 Turn off the lights when you leave a room. Turn off the television and shut down the computer when you are not using them. 5 Could you school do some of these things? A．Save electricity! B．It’s a good way to reduce packaging. C．Let’s work together to make our environment clean. D．It can make you happy when you go shopping with your own bags. E．The following is a list of their activities and advice about environment clubs. F．Environment clubs encourage students to bring their lunches in reusable bags and dishes. 话题6 交友建议 Passage 1 Friends are the ones who we walk through life together. If we share our ups and downs, and pains and joys with our friends, we will get more happiness and less sadness. 1 Be friendly to others. 2 You should try to make a stranger feel at home wherever he happens to be. That is exactly the first step of making friends. Realize your fear. Some of us see meeting new people as a terrible event. We are worried about making a bad impression (印象), how to let the conversation end and so on. Actually, all these fears are just in our heads. Be yourself. 3 Just be yourself. You can meet real friends when you are who you are. The truest friendship is built with both accepting each other for who they are. 4 This connection between you and the other one can only begin when your heart is open. You can’t form any new connection if you mistrust others. It’ll send the wrong information and cause them to close off their hearts to you, too. Be there for them. A friendship is a union (联盟) that supports two people. 5 When you help your friends, you should help unconditionally (无条件地). The satisfaction you get from helping others is greater than anything you can get in return. A．Don’t change yourself to make new friends. B．Here are some ways to make new friends. C．Open your heart. D．Don’t forget your friends’ birthday. E．Smile at others and you will be sure to get a smile in return. F．Give support to your friends as possible as you can. Passage 2 （25-26八年级上·江苏盐城·阶段练习）Friends are very important for us. Everyone needs friends. But some people have trouble making friends. 1 2 It’s hard to make friends if you stay at home alone all the time. Do something that your friends and you are interested in. It’s easier to make friends when you have the same interests. Don’t be afraid to show people what you’re really good at. Talk about the things you like and do best. People will be interested in you if there is something interesting about you. 3 Look at people in the eye when you talk to them. That way, they’ll find it easier to talk to you, or people may think you’re not interested in them and may stop being interested in you. Be a good listener. When people talk about themselves, listen carefully. Ask lots of questions sincerely. 4 Try to make friends with the kind of people you really like and respect—not just with those who are easy to meet. 5 That way, you’ll have a bigger group of people to choose from and have more chances to make friends. A．Be a good talker. B．Get out of your house. C．Here are some ways to help them. D．Friends need to help each other. E．Be friendly to a lot of people. F．Show a great interest in their answers. Passage 3 （24-25八年级上·江苏南通·期末）Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don’t give friendship back. That is why some friendships don’t last very long. 1 You must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest; be generous; be understanding. Honesty is where a good friendship starts. Friends must be able to trust one another. If you don’t tell the truth, people usually find out. If a friend finds out that you haven’t been honest, you may lose your friend’s trust. 2 Generosity means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow. You don’t have to give your lunch money or your clothes, of course. Instead you have to learn how to share things you enjoy, your hobbies and interests. Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings. 3 They tell your friend what is important to you. By sharing them you help your friend know you better. Sooner or later everyone needs understanding and help with a problem. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve. 4 So to be a friend you must listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend’s place so you can understand the problem better. 5 But all true friendships have three things in common. If you plan to keep your friendships, you must practice honesty, generosity and understanding. A．To have a friend, you must learn to be a friend. B．A friend in need is a friend indeed. C．No two friendships are ever exactly similar. D．Turning to a friend can be a first step in solving the problem. E．These can be valuable to a friend. F．Good friends always trust one another to speak and act honestly. Passage 4 Everybody wants to have true friends. If you want to have true friends, you should be a true friend yourself. 1 Here is some advice. ★ 2 Laughing with a friend is the best, but sometimes crying brings you closer together. Don’t be afraid to be yourself when you stay with your friends. Show your true feelings to your friends. Then friends will know each other better. ★ Be a nice gift giver. Gift-giving is not just for birthdays or holidays. It can be a fun way of making your friends feel special! 3 Making things by yourself shows your care, because you put time and ideas into your gifts. ★ Stand up for him or her. 4 Do something about it! You can try to find a smart way to help your friend and make others look at your friend differently. Sometimes, it’s necessary for you to make him or her feel better. 5 A．Laugh and cry together. B．Wonder what you can do? C．She never fights with her friend. D．But you don’t need to buy expensive gifts. E．It may not be easy, but it’s what a good friend should do. F．If someone laughs at your friend, don’t just stand there quietly. Passage 5 Friends are the ones who we walk through life together. If we share our ups and downs, pains and joys with our friends, we will get more happiness and less sadness. 1 Be friendly to others. 2 You should try to make a stranger feel at home whenever he happens to be. That is the first step of making friends. Be yourself. 3 Just be yourself. You can meet real friends when you are who you are. The truest friendship is built with both accepting each other for who they are. 4 This connection (联系) between you and the other one can only begin when your heart is open. You can’t form any new connection if you don’t trust others. It’ll send the wrong information and cause them to close off their hearts to you, too. Be there for them. A friendship is a union that supports two people. 5 When you help your friends, you should help unconditionally (无条件地). The satisfaction you get from helping others is greater than anything you can get in return. A．Be a humorous friend. B．Don’t change yourself to make new friends. C．Here are some ways to make new friends. D．Open your heart. E．Smile at others and you will be sure to get a smile in return. F．Give support to your friends as possible as you can. 1 / 1zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $司 专题07 阅读还原（六选五）常考话题 话题1 自然灾害与防范（常考点） 话题4 学习策略 话题2 野生动物（常考点） 话题5 学校生活 话题3 自然世界 话题6 交友建议 话题1 自然灾害与防范 Passage 1 There are lots of natural disasters every year. 1 Typhoons (台风) are some of the worst storms, usually around the Pacific Ocean (太平洋) and the South China Sea. Most happen in July, August and September. How does a typhoon happen? When lots of sea water gets hot in the summer sun, it evaporates (蒸发) into the air. This makes the air hotter. 2 Then cooler air around it rushes in. It fills the space that is left. After the air gets warmer, it starts to move quickly, making wind. The wind goes in circles and it keeps moving higher in the sky. The warmer the air gets, the quicker the wind moves. And when wind moves faster than 30 metres a second, a typhoon begins. A typhoon has two parts. One is called the “eye”. 3 The other part is the wall of clouds around the eye. Here are the strongest winds and hardest rains. Typhoons are very dangerous. In November in 2013, Typhoon Haiyan killed 6,000 people in Philippines. 4 What should we do when a typhoon hits? *Stay inside. 5 *Try to bring all of your things inside. Strong winds could even blow away your bikes! *Listen to the radio or TV or search on the Internet for important information. *If you’re told to go to a safer place, do it right now. A．More people were hurt and some others were missing. B．Close all the windows and stay away from them. C．Typhoons are among them. D．For example, strong winds cause many problems. E．In the eye, the wind does not move so fast. F．When the air gets warm enough, it starts to move high up into sky. 【答案】1．C 2．F 3．E 4．A 5．B 【语篇导读】本文介绍了台风形成的过程、结构和危害，并给出了台风来临时应采取的措施。 1．根据上文“There are lots of natural disasters every year.”和下文“Typhoons (台风) are some of the worst storms, usually around the Pacific Ocean (太平洋) and the South China Sea.”可知，空处应说明台风是自然灾害之一。选项C“台风就是其中之一。”符合语境，故选C。 2．根据上文“How does a typhoon happen?”可知，此处讲的是台风是如何形成的。选项F“当空气变得足够热时，它开始向高空移动。”符合语境，故选F。 3．根据上文“A typhoon has two parts. One is called the ‘eye’.”可知，空处的内容和“台风眼”有关。选项E“在台风眼里，风速不会这么快。”符合语境，故选E。 4．根据上文“In November in 2013, Typhoon Haiyan killed 6,000 people in Philippines.”可知，此处讲的是台风的危害。选项A“更多的人受伤，一些人失踪。”符合语境，故选A。 5．根据上文“Stay inside.”可知，空处的内容和待在室内有关。选项B“关上所有的窗户，并远离它们。”符合语境，故选B。 Passage 2 （25-26八年级上·江苏·单元测试）Why do earthquakes happen? Before science was able to explain (解释) them, cultural legends tried to tell the reasons. 1 China  The ancient Chinese believed that earthquakes were caused by the “imbalance (失衡) of yin and yang”. Earthquakes were thought to be a warning (警告) from Heaven to human beings. 2 It was believed that earthquakes would happen when the balance between yin and yang, or that between Heaven and Earth, was lost. Greece  In Greek mythology (神话), earthquakes happened when Poseidon was very angry. 3 Poseidon was also the ancient Greek god of horses, the sea, rivers, floods and droughts. He held a trident (三叉戟) and was described in mythology as a powerfully-built (体格健壮的) man. In ancient Greek texts, Poseidon was said to hit the ground hard with the trident, 4 . India  The ancient Indians thought that the Earth was carried by several elephants standing on the back of a great turtle. The elephants supported the Earth from the four directions, 5 . A．and then earthquakes happened B．people were very afraid when earthquakes happened C．and it would cause earthquakes when the elephants shook D．They had something to do with the bad actions of human beings. E．Let’s look at some of the world’s most famous earthquake myths. F．His anger caused not only earthquakes but also tsunamis. 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．F 4．A 5．C 【语篇导读】本文介绍了不同文化中关于地震成因的神话传说，包括中国、希腊和印度的传统解释。 1．根据“Before science was able to explain them, cultural legends tried to tell the reasons.”（在科学能够解释地震之前，文化传说试图说明其原因）可知，下文将列举不同文化的地震神话。选项E“让我们来看看一些世界上最著名的地震神话。”符合语境。故选E。 2．根据“Earthquakes were thought as a warning from Heaven to human beings.”（地震被认为是上天对人类的警告）可知，地震与人类的不良行为有关。选项D“这些事情与人类的不良行为有关。”符合语境。故选D。 3．根据“...earthquakes happened when Poseidon was very angry.”（波塞冬愤怒时会引发地震）及后文提到他掌管海洋等，可知其愤怒还会引发海啸。选项F“他的愤怒不仅引发了地震，还引发了海啸。”符合语境。故选F。 4．根据“Poseidon was said to hit the ground hard with the trident,”（传说波塞冬用三叉戟猛击地面）可知，这一行为直接导致地震。选项A“然后地震发生了”符合语境。故选A。 5．根据“The elephants supported the Earth from the four directions,”（大象从四个方向支撑地球）可知，大象晃动会导致地震。选项C“大象摇晃时会引发地震”符合语境。故选C。 Passage 3 （25-26八年级上·江苏·课后作业）Lightning is one of nature’s light shows. It often happens in hot, wet places. Around the world, there are about 2,000 lightning storms happening at any given moment. It is a large electric flash of light, which is very hot. 1 This moving air makes a loud sound called thunder. Because light travels at greater speed than sound, we see the lightning before we hear the thunder. Lightning is fun to watch but dangerous. 2 When the lightning hits land, it can cause a fire. Many wildfires start because of summer lightning. Because the land, trees and grasses are dry, they burn easily. On the other hand, it also brings danger to human beings. During storms with lightning, the electric shocks (电击) could destroy buildings or kill people outside. Some people using something electric or wet may get hurt in their homes. 3 It is necessary to keep the following dos and don’ts in mind. Stay inside during storms with lightning. Stay away from windows. Do not take a shower when there is lightning. Do not wash your hands. Remind your parents not to use the washer. Lightning can go through water. 4 Stay indoors for a while to be sure the storm is over. Do not use anything that is electric. Lightning can go through wires (电线). Remind your parents to turn off TVs and computers. 5 Learn about it. Learn how to stay safe. Then you can enjoy nature’s light shows. 根据短文内容，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。 A．Lightning is an exciting part of nature. B．On the one hand, it causes harm to earth. C．As soon as the rain stops, you can go outside. D．It heats the air around it and the hot air moves at high speed. E．Even after the rain stops, there can still be lightning. F．You need to know some facts about lightning to keep safe. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．F 4．E 5．A 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了闪电是自然“光影秀”，说明其发生特点、与雷声的关系及引发火灾、电击的危险，给出室内避险等安全建议，帮助读者安全欣赏闪电。 1．根据后文“This moving air makes a loud sound called thunder.” 可知，这里在阐述闪电与空气流动的关系从而产生雷声，选项D“它使周围的空气升温，热空气快速流动。”符合语境，说明了闪电使空气升温流动，引出后文关于雷声的内容，故选D。 2．根据后文“When the lightning hits land, it can cause a fire...On the other hand, it also brings danger to human beings.”可知，这里在说明闪电带来的危害，选项B“一方面，它对地球造成危害。”符合语境，引出后文闪电带来危害的具体内容，故选B。 3．根据后文“It is necessary to keep the following dos and don’ts in mind.”可知，这里强调为了安全需要了解一些关于闪电的知识，选项F“为了保证安全，你需要了解一些关于闪电的事实。”符合语境，引出后文关于应对闪电的注意事项，故选F。 4．根据后文“Stay indoors for a while to be sure the storm is over.” 可知，这里说雨后也可能有闪电，不能马上出去，选项E“即使雨停了，仍然可能有闪电。”符合语境，说明雨停后仍有危险，所以要在室内多待一会，故选E。 5．根据后文“Learn about it. Learn how to stay safe. Then you can enjoy nature’s light shows.”可知，这里强调闪电虽危险但也是令人兴奋的一部分，选项A“闪电是大自然中令人兴奋的一部分。”符合语境，总结前文对闪电的描述，并引出后文关于了解闪电保障安全享受它的内容，故选A。 Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·江苏·期末）When the sky suddenly turns dark and the wind is strong, be careful. This may mean a dangerous storm is coming. The black clouds and the strong winds are nature’s warnings (警告). 1 When you see a flash of lightning (闪电), quickly get into a building. Even after you are indoors, it is not smart to go near doors and windows. 2 A room with no windows is the safest place to be. Do not wash your hands during a storm. Do not take risks using anything that runs on electricity (电), either. Although you really want to play computer games, don’t do that. It is better to be bored than to get hurt. 3 It is more fun than playing computer games. If you are outside at that time, you may feel safe under a tree. 4 Instead, find an open place. Also, remember to cover your ears. If you don’t, some loud noises may hurt your hearing. Lightning does not strike (攻击) people very often. You will hardly ever see that happen. 5 Only trained workers can care for you. If you follow these rules, you could stay safe during a storm. A．They can be broken easily. B．Try reading a book instead. C．But if an accident happens, call 120. D．However, it is not a good place to be. E．Touching water can bring you danger. F．So you should act right away to keep safe. 【答案】1．F 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．C 【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了在暴风雨来临时如何保证自身安全的一些方法。 1．根据“The black clouds and the strong winds are nature’s warnings (警告).”可知，此处应是说要根据这些警告马上采取行动保证安全，选项F“所以你应该马上采取行动保证安全。”符合语境。故选F。 2．根据“Even after you are indoors, it is not smart to go near doors and windows.”可知，此处应是说靠近门窗不安全的原因，选项A“它们很容易被打破。”符合语境。故选A。 3．根据“It is better to be bored than to get hurt.”以及“It is more fun than playing computer games.”可知，此处应是提出一个比玩电脑游戏更好且不会受伤的活动建议，选项B“试着读一本书代替。”符合语境。故选B。 4．根据“If you are outside at that time, you may feel safe under a tree.”以及“Instead, find an open place.”可知，此处应是说在树下并不安全，选项D“然而，那不是一个安全的地方。”符合语境。故选D。 5．根据“Lightning does not strike (攻击) people very often. You will hardly ever see that happen.”以及“Only trained workers can care for you.”可知，此处应是假设如果发生意外情况该怎么做，选项C“但是如果发生意外，拨打120。”符合语境。故选C。 Passage 5 （24-25八年级下·期末）Storms can be very dangerous, with strong winds, heavy rain, slippery (滑的) roads and sometimes even hail (冰雹) or lightning (闪电). 1 . 2 . One of the most important things to do during a storm is to stay indoors. If you are outside, try to find a safe (安全的) place as soon as possible. A strong building is the best place to stay, as it can protect (保护) you from the wind and rain. Keep far from windows. 3 . They may hurt your eyes or face. It’s also not a good idea to use electrical appliances (电子设备) during a storm, as lightning can cause fire. Be careful when driving. If you are driving during a storm, you need to drive slowly and carefully. Heavy rain can make the roads slippery, and strong winds can push your car off road. 4 . Care about the weather report. During a storm, it’s important to notice the weather changes. Listen to the radio or check the weather app on your phone. 5 . It’s normal for humans to experience storms. What we should do most is to keep cool and try our best to do something useful and keep safe. A．Stay inside during a storm B．If storms come, run out as quickly as possible C．If the glass on them is broken, flying pieces can be very dangerous D．If the rain is too heavy, it is better to stop the car and wait until the rain stops E．Knowing how to keep safe (安全的) during a storm is important for everyone F．This can help you know if the storm is getting better or if there are any other dangers 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．F 【语篇导读】本文主要讲述了风暴的危险性以及如何在风暴中保持安全。 1．根据“Storms can be very dangerous, with strong winds, heavy rain, slippery (滑的) roads and sometimes even hail (冰雹) or lightning (闪电).”及下文可知，首段描述暴风雨的危险性，空后直接转到应对措施。选项E“了解如何在暴风雨中保持安全对每个人都很重要。”是承上启下的过渡句，既总结前文危险，又引出后文的安全建议。故选E。 2．根据“One of the most important things to do during a storm is to stay indoors.”可知，空处应提到待在室内的建议。选项A“风暴期间待在室内。”符合语境。故选A。 3．根据“Keep far from windows.”以及“They may hurt your eyes or face.”可知，空处应与窗户破碎相关。选项C“如果玻璃碎了，飞溅碎片很危险。”符合语境。故选C。 4．根据“Heavy rain can make the roads slippery, and strong winds can push your car off road.”可知，讨论了暴雨导致道路湿滑和强风的危险，空处需一个驾驶时的具体应对建议。选项D“如果雨太大，最好停车等待雨停。”符合语境。故选D。 5．根据“Listen to the radio or check the weather app on your phone.”可知，建议我们听广播或查天气应用，故空处需要解释这些行动的好处。选项F“这可以帮助你了解暴风雨是否正在减弱，或者是否存在其他危险。”符合语境。故选F。 话题2 野生动物 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·江苏扬州·期末）Arctic foxes (北极狐) live in the Arctic. They grow to be about 50 centimeters long, not including the tail, 30 centimeters tall and weigh from 3 to 7 kilos. 1 The white ones are white in winter, but gray-brown in summer. The blue ones are blue-gray all year round. 2 And the long fur covers their whole body to keep them warm in the low temperature in the Arctic. Arctic foxes mainly feed on birds, birds’ eggs and other small animals. Teamwork is the way they look for food. 3 Baby Arctic foxes are very lovely. They don’t open their eyes until a week after their birth. 4 They begin to look for food on their own when they are about six months old. The next year they can live alone. Now the number of Arctic foxes is becoming smaller and smaller, because people kill them for their fur to make beautiful coats. 5 A．We must do something to protect Arctic foxes. B．They don’t like to do it alone. C．They don’t need anything to eat for the first six months. D．For the first half of the year, their parents offer them food. E．Arctic foxes are white or blue in color. F．Arctic foxes have long and thick fur. 【答案】1．E 2．F 3．B 4．D 5．A 【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了北极狐的体型、颜色、皮毛、觅食方式、幼崽生长和生存现状。 1．根据“They grow to be about 50 centimeters long, not including the tail, 30 centimeters tall and weigh from 3 to 7 kilos.”以及“The white ones are white in winter, but gray-brown in summer.”可知，空前描述北极狐的体型大小，空后详细介绍北极狐的颜色变化，选项E“北极狐是白色或蓝色的。”符合语境。故选E。 2．根据“And the long fur covers their whole body to keep them warm in the low temperature in the Arctic.”可知，此处应该介绍北极狐的皮毛特征，选项F“北极狐的毛又长又厚。”符合语境。故选F。 3．根据“Teamwork is the way they look for food.”可知，此处需要进一步解释团队合作。选项B“它们不喜欢单独行动。”符合语境。故选B。 4．根据“They don’t open their eyes until a week after their birth…They begin to look for food on their own when they are about six months old.”可知，此处应该描述出生后到六个月期间的情况。选项D“在（幼崽出生的）前半年，它们的父母会给它们提供食物。”符合语境。故选D。 5．根据“Now the number of Arctic foxes is becoming smaller and smaller, because people kill them for their fur to make beautiful coats.”可知，此处应该呼吁人们保护北极狐。选项A“我们必须做点什么来保护北极狐。”符合语境。故选A。 Passage 2 Elephant Families African elephants live together in a herd (群). They all take care of each other. The leader of the herd is an old mother elephant. She is the matriarch (女酋长). 1 They follow the matriarch because she guards the family from danger. Adult male elephants go off to live on their own and start families. 2 Young elephants learn by copying other elephants. Elephants live to be 50 or 60 years old. They have long memories. A matriarch can remember where to find water even in a dry period. The herd will follow her there. 3 Elephants talk to each other with low rumbling (隆隆的) sounds. Some rumbling sounds are so deep that people cannot hear them. 4 So they greet each other by touch. They use their trunks (象鼻) and feet. If danger comes, mothers flap their ears to call their babies. The adult elephants circle around the babies. Other animals do not often attack elephants. But a lion might try to attack a sick elephant or a baby. If this happens, the elephants make loud sounds. 5 The matriarch puts herself in front of the herd. She flaps her ears out wide. This makes her look even larger. Then she lowers her head and charges the enemy in a big cloud of dust. 根据短文内容，从选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。 A．Elephants are intelligent animals. B．They also hit the ground with their trunks. C．Elephants have lots of feeling in their skin. D．They can also smell and pick up things with it. E．The other elephants are daughters, sisters, cousins, and babies. F．She can also remember the safest place to cross a fast-moving river. 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．F 4．C 5．B 【语篇导读】本文主要讲述了非洲象群的生活方式和社会结构。 1．根据“The leader of the herd is an old mother elephant. She is the matriarch (女酋长).”可知，象群的首领是一只年长的母象，她负责保护家族免受危险，此处在介绍象群的成员，选项E“其他大象是女儿、姐妹、表亲和婴儿。”符合语境。故选E。 2．根据“Young elephants learn by copying other elephants. Elephants live to be 50 or 60 years old. They have long memories.”可知，小象通过模仿其他大象来学习，大象能活到50或60岁，并且有很长的记忆力，所以大象是聪明的动物。选项A“大象是聪明的动物。”符合语境，故选A。 3．根据“A matriarch can remember where to find water even in a dry period.”可知，即使在干旱时期，母象也能记得在哪里找到水。选项F“她还能记住过河最安全的地方。”符合语境。故选F。 4．根据“ ... So they greet each other by touch.”可知，大象可以通过触摸互相问候。选项C“大象的皮肤很敏感。”符合语境，故选C。 5．根据“If this happens, the elephants make loud sounds.”可知，如果狮子试图攻击生病的大象或小象，大象会发出巨大的声音来应对敌人，选项B“它们也会用鼻子撞击地面。”符合语境。故选B。 Passage 3 The film Earth is a wildlife documentary (野生动物纪录片). 1 The stars are the animals and the action is set in the different places where they live. 2 In this film, the story has been made by nature. Our journey begins in spring. In the Arctic, a mother polar bear (北极熊) and her two babies have to find enough food before the ice they live on melts (融化). 3 They are looking for water after crossing the Kalahari Desert together. Each of these families is fighting to live in a world where the seasons are changing. The most excellent film-making ways in the world were used during the twenty months of filming. The film shows us what a wonderful place we live in. 4 If we don’t do so, many of these beautiful animals will be in great danger. 5 And remember everyone plays a role in protecting the planet. A．The film shows how can animals help humans. B．Unlike other documentaries, Earth tells a story. C．So let’s do something to stop animals from danger. D．In the film, we can visit our planet from north to south. E．But it also tells us that we should look after our planet better. F．Halfway around the world, we can see the mother elephant and her baby. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．F 4．E 5．C 【语篇导读】本文是说明文。本篇短文讲述了一部以野生动物为主角的纪录片《地球》的内容及其提醒我们对地球的责任。 1．根据下文“The stars are the animals and the action is set in the different places where they live”可知，情节设置在动物们生活的不同地方。选项D“在这部影片中，我们可以从北到南地游览我们的星球。”符合语境。故选D。 2．根据“In this film, the story has been made by nature”可知，这个故事是基于自然的性质而创作的。此句应提到故事。选项B“不像其他纪录片，《地球》讲述了一个故事。”符合语境。故选B。 3．根据“a mother polar bear (北极熊)”可知，北极熊在北极，由“the Kalahari Desert”可知，喀拉哈里沙漠位于南半球，二者位置相反。选项F“在地球的另一端，我们可以看到母象和它的幼崽。”符合语境。故选F。 4．根据“The film shows us what a wonderful place we live in”可知，这部影片告诉我们，我们住在一个美丽的地方，此处说明影片传递的信息。选项E“但它也告诉我们，我们应该更好地照顾我们的星球。”符合语境。故选E。 5．根据“many of these beautiful animals will be in great danger”可知，这些动物将会处于危险之中，因此我们应该保护它们。选项C“所以让我们做些事情来阻止动物陷入危险。”符合语境。故选C。 Passage 4 Many have heard of shark fin soup. But do you realize that you’re killing a whole shark each time you enjoy a bowl of shark fin soup? When people catch sharks, they cut off their fins and throw the sharks back into the ocean. 1 Without a fin, a shark can no longer swim and slowly dies. Sharks are at the top of the food chain in the ocean’s ecosystem. 2 Many believe that sharks can never be endangered because they are the strongest in their food chain. 3 The numbers of some kinds of sharks have fallen by over 90 percent in the last 20 to 30 years. Environmental protection groups around the world, such as Wild Aid and the WWF, are teaching the public about “finning”. 4 So far, no scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health, so why eat them? 5 A．Help save the sharks! B．They are in great danger now. C．This is not only cruel, but also harmful to the environment. D．If their numbers drop too fast, it will bring danger to all ocean life. E．They have even asked governments to develop laws to stop the sale of shark fins. F．But in fact, around 70 million sharks are caught and traded in this industry every year. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．F 4．E 5．A 【语篇导读】本文主要简述了吃鱼翅给鲨鱼带来的致命伤害，并且呼吁人们停止伤害鲨鱼。 1．根据“When people catch sharks, they cut off their fins and throw the sharks back into the ocean.”可知，此处介绍这种行为带来的不良后果，选项C“这不仅残忍，而且对环境有害。”符合语境。故选C。 2．根据“Sharks are at the top of the food chain in the ocean’s ecosystem.”可知，此处介绍鲨鱼数量减少带来的影响，选项D“如果它们的数量下降得太快，就会给所有海洋生物带来危险。”符合语境。故选D。 3．根据“The numbers of some kinds of sharks have fallen by over 90 percent in the last 20 to 30 years.”可知，此处介绍鲨鱼数量减少的原因，选项F“但事实上，每年约有7000万条鲨鱼在该行业被捕获和交易。”符合语境。故选F。 4．根据“ Environmental protection groups around the world, such as Wild Aid and the WWF, are teaching the public about ‘finning’.”可知，此处在说环境保护组织为保护鲨鱼做了哪些努力，选项E“他们甚至要求政府制定法律，禁止鱼翅买卖。”符合语境。故选E。 5．根据“So far, no scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health, so why eat them?”可知，此处是号召人类保护鲨鱼，选项A“帮助拯救鲨鱼！”符合语境。故选A。 Passage 5 Whales are beautiful and interesting animals on the earth. Are they fish? In fact, they aren’t fish. 1 It’s amazing to think how big whales are. 2 They are more than 30 meters long and weigh about 80 tons each. They are heavier than 24 elephants. A new baby whale weighs as much as a big elephant. The blue whale also has the largest heart in the world. 3 Whales feed on sea life. Some whales eat seals and fish. Some eat plants. Some whales have teeth, while others don’t. 4 So they often jump out of water. Beaches are not safe places for whales. They need to stay in the sea. For whales, the mistake of landing on beaches is dangerous. 5 Some people may catch whales for meat, fat and oil. Whale parts are sold to makes things like candles and soap. A．So they can’t swim. B．It can be as heavy as 80kg. C．Whales must come to the top of the sea to breathe. D．Blue whales are the largest animals on the earth. E．They may lose their lives. F．But their homes are in the sea. 【答案】1．F 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．E 【语篇导读】本文主要介绍鲸鱼的相关习性以及目前遇到的危险。 1．根据“Are they fish? In fact, they aren’t fish.”可知，此处应与“鲸是不是鱼”这个内容相关，选项F“但是他们的家却在海里”符合语境，表示“鲸不是鱼，但却生活在海里”。故选F。 2．根据“They are more than 30 meters long and weigh about 80 tons each. They are heavier than 24 elephants. A new baby whale weighs as much as a big elephant. The blue whale also has the largest heart in the world.”可知，蓝鲸很大且很重，选项D“蓝鲸是世界上最大的动物”符合语境。故选D。 3．根据“A new baby whale weighs as much as a big elephant.”可知，此处应介绍一只鲸宝宝和一只大象一样重，选项B“它可重达80公斤”符合语境。故选B。 4．根据“So they often jump out of water.”可知，上文应讲述鲸经常跳出水面的原因，选项C“鲸鱼必须浮出海面呼吸”符合语境。故选C。 5．根据“For whales, the mistake of landing on beaches is dangerous.”可知，下文应说明鲸鱼搁浅会有哪些危险，选项E“它们可能会失去生命”符合语境。故选E。 话题3 自然世界 Passage 1 Deserts are the driest places on the earth. Very little rain falls there and few plants can grow. About one-fifth of the land on Earth is desert. 1 Cold deserts are dry and cold. They are found in freezing areas around the North and South Poles (两极). 2 Hot deserts are dry and hot in the day. But they can be very cold at night. Some hot deserts are sandy. 3 It is the Sahara in North Africa. Desert plants Not many plants can live in the desert. 4 Some desert plants have very long roots to reach water underground. The roots of a kind of plant of North America may go down 50 meters to reach water. A cactus keeps water in its thick stem. Desert animals Few animals live in the desert. Most of them sleep during the day and only come out at night when it is cooler. The best-known desert animal is the camel (骆驼). A camel can go a long time without water. 5 Then, when the camel finds water, it can drink 115 L or more in a few minutes. A．Kinds of desert B．Hot areas of desert C．What’s the world’s largest hot desert? D．The ground of cold deserts is always covered with ice and snow. E．It can lose about one-third of the weight of its body and still live. F．Those that do live there have changed themselves to fit the dry conditions. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．F 5．E 【语篇导读】本文介绍沙漠的种类、植物、动物及相关特性。 1．根据文章下文分别介绍了“Cold deserts”和“Hot deserts”可知，这是在介绍沙漠的种类。A选项“沙漠的种类”能够统领下文关于不同种类沙漠的描述。故选A。 2．根据文章前文提到“Cold deserts are dry and cold. They are found in freezing areas around the North and South Poles.”可知，寒漠又干又冷。它们位于北极和南极周围的寒冷地区。D选项“寒漠的地面总是覆盖着冰雪”进一步描述了寒漠的地面特征，与上文对寒漠的介绍相承接。故选D。 3．根据文章前问提到“Some hot deserts are sandy.”可知，一些热漠是沙质的；后面说“It is the Sahara in North Africa.”，它是北非的撒哈拉沙漠。C选项“世界上最大的热沙漠是什么？”引出了对世界上最大热漠——撒哈拉沙漠的介绍，符合上下文逻辑。故选C。 4．根据文章前文说“Not many plants can live in the desert.”可知，没有很多植物能在沙漠中生存。F选项“那些确实生活在那里的植物已经改变自身以适应干燥的环境”顺承上文，解释了能在沙漠中生存的植物的特点。故选F。 5．根据文章前文说“A camel can go a long time without water.”可知，骆驼可以长时间不喝水。E选项“它可以失去大约自身三分之一的体重仍然存活”进一步说明了骆驼在缺水情况下的生存能力，与下文“Then, when the camel finds water, it can drink 115 L or more in a few minutes.（然后，当骆驼找到水时，它可以在几分钟内喝下115升或更多的水）”相衔接。故选E。 Passage 2 The Yangtze River is more than 6,300 kilometers long. In the world, it is the third longest river after the Nile in Africa and the Amazon River in South America. However, it is the longest river in China. 1 The birthplace of the Yangtze River is the Tuotuo River in Qinghai Province. 2 Finally, it pours itself into the sea. Whenever you’d like to enjoy the YangtzeRiver, it is always so beautiful. 3 So I have been familiar with this river since I was a child. In the morning, everything goes smoothly. It’s the best time to see the Yangtze River on the bridge. 4 At noon, the sun shines brightly on the water, and it looks much nicer. In the evening, I like playing games in the Binjiang Park, by the river. 5 The colorful lights on the ships also add beauty to the Yangtze River. The Yangtze River never stops for a moment, feeding every life on the land with its long and huge body. The Yangtze River, our mother river, I am proud of you! A．Have you ever been there? B．It is the mother river of us Chinese people. C．It looks like a long huge loong (龙), truly amazing. D．I often see ships passing by on the Yangtze River. E．It runs through eleven provinces and cities, from west to east. F．I was born and grew up in Yichang, a city near the Yangtze River. 【答案】1．B 2．E 3．F 4．C 5．D 【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了中国的母亲河——长江。 1．根据上文“However, it is the longest river in China.”可知，长江是中国最长的河流，此处应是说明长江在中国的地位。选项B“它是我们中国人的母亲河。”符合语境。故选B。 2．根据上文“The birthplace of the Yangtze River is the Tuotuo River in Qinghai Province.”和下文“Finally, it pours itself into the sea.”可知，此处应是介绍长江的流经之地。选项E“它，自西向东，贯穿11个省市。”符合语境。故选E。 3．根据下文“So I have been familiar with this river since I was a child.”可知，作者从小就对长江这条河流非常熟悉，此处应是说明从小就熟悉的原因。选项F“我出生并成长于宜昌，长江附近的一个城市。”符合语境。故选F。 4．根据上文“It’s the best time to see the Yangtze River on the bridge.”可知，此处应是介绍从桥上看长江的场景。选项C“它看起来像一条长长的巨龙，真的令人赞叹。”符合语境。故选C。 5．根据下文“The colorful lights on the ships also add beauty to the Yangtze River.”可知，船只上的彩灯也为长江增添了美丽，说明此处提到了长江上的船只。选项D“我经常看到长江上有船只经过。”符合语境。故选D。 Passage 3 Everybody knows that there are usually four seasons in a year. 1 As our planet moves around the Sun, the light from the Sun falls on the Earth from different directions. This helps create the seasons. At different times of the year, there is more sunlight in some places and less sunlight in others. More sunlight means longer days and warmer weather. 2 It gets colder in autumn and winter because the days are shorter, and we get less light from the Sun. The seasons fall at different times of year around the world. For example, China is to the north of the equator. Here, we experience summer from June to August. 3 In Australia, it is summer from December to February, and Australians have their spring when we have our autumn. 4 The hottest and the coldest parts of the world usually have only two seasons. It is always hot in places close to the equator. These places are called the tropics. Instead of our four seasons, many parts of the tropics have a rainy season and a dry season. 5 Around the North and South Poles, there are only two seasons too: a very, very cold winter and a somewhat less cold summer. A．This is why we have spring and summer. B．To the south of the equator, June, July and August are winter months. C．But do you know the colours of the four seasons? D．People will never experience winter in these areas. E．But do you know how the four seasons are formed? F．Not all places in the world have four seasons like ours. 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．B 4．F 5．D 【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了四季的形成原因，以及世界不同地区季节的差异，同时提及部分特殊地区仅有两季而非四季的情况。 1．根据“Everybody knows that there are usually four seasons in a year.”可知，每个人都知道一年由四个季节，同时根据“As our planet moves around the Sun, the light from the sun falls on the Earth from different directions. This helps create the seasons.”可知，地球绕太阳转、阳光方向不同导致四季，选项E“但你知道四季是如何形成的吗？”承接上文一年由四个季节，引出下文四季形成的原因。故选E。 2．根据“More sunlight means longer days and warmer weather.”可知，更多的阳光意味着白天更长和更温暖的天气，选项A“这就是我们有春夏的原因。”符合语境。故选A。 3．根据“In Australia, it is summer from December to February, and Australians have their spring when we have our autumn.”可知，在澳大利亚，12月到2月是夏天，当我们过秋天时，澳大利亚人在过他们的春天，选项B“在赤道以南，6、7、8月是冬季。”符合语境。故选B。 4．根据“The hottest and the coldest parts of the world usually have only two seasons.”可知，世界最热、最冷地区只有两季，选项F“不是世界上所有地方都像我们这样有四季。”符合语境。故选F。 5．根据“Instead of our four seasons, many parts of the tropics have a rainy season and a dry season.”可知，热带地区的许多地方并没有我们这样的四季，而是有雨季和旱季。选项D“在这些地区人们从不会经历冬天。”符合语境。故选D。 Passage 4 Chinese poets speak highly of the beauty of the four seasons. 1 In spring, poets praise the vitality of spring. In Meng Haoran’s Spring Dawn, it describes the morning of spring. 2 3 In Bai Juyi’s Observing the Harvesting of Wheat, the poet shows the heat of summer by telling scenes of summer work. In autumn, poets tell us a grand autumn. In Cao Cao’s The Sea, there is a famous sentence: The autumn wind blows drear and bleak; The monstrous billows surge up high. 4 In winter, poets praise the beauty of life through the coldness of winter. 5 Their poetry makes us feel that the changes of the seasons are not only natural phenomena (现象), but also reflections (反映) of life, time, and history. Through these poems, we can deeply understand and feel the beauty of the four seasons. A．The songs of birds wake the sleeping world. B．In Liu Yuxi’s Willow Branch Song, he shows the beauty of life in winter through comparison. C．The birds sing when the moon rises in the sky. D．They use rich imagination and words as brushes to paint unique pictures of them. E．The poet shows the power of autumn through the bleak wind and the rolling waves. F．In summer, poets describe the heat of summer. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．F 4．E 5．B 【语篇导读】本文介绍了中国诗人描写的四季之美。 1．根据“Chinese poets speak highly of the beauty of the four seasons.”可知，中国诗人高度赞扬四季之美，选项D“他们用丰富的想象力和文字作为画笔，描绘出它们（四季）独特的画面。”符合语境。故选D。 2．根据“In spring, poets praise the vitality of spring. In Meng Haoran’s Spring Dawn, it describes the morning of spring.”可知，此处应与孟浩然的《春晓》有关，选项A“鸟儿的歌声唤醒了沉睡的世界。”符合语境。故选A。 3．根据“In spring…”以及“In autumn…”可知，此处应介绍夏天，选项F“在夏天，诗人描述夏天的炎热。”符合语境。故选F。 4．根据“In autumn, poets tell us a grand autumn.”可知，此处描写秋天，选项E“诗人通过寒风和波涛展现了秋天的力量。”符合语境。故选E。 5．根据“In winter, poets praise the beauty of life through the coldness of winter.”可知，此处描述冬天，选项B“在刘禹锡的《杨柳枝词》中，他通过对比来展现冬天的生命之美。”符合语境。故选B。 话题4 学习策略 Passage 1 Learning how to read well in English might not be an easy task. But it’s something you’ll have to do on your language learning journey. 1 , not only for taking tests. If you want to improve your reading ability in English, the following are just for you. Choose right reading materials. There are textbooks and graded readers, but there are also a lot more books you can read. 2 . Here is a good rule to follow: choose reading materials where you understand at least 80% of the content. Try to read word groups. Reading can both introduce you to new words and teach you how to use them. 3 . Read groups of words, or words that go together. 4 . Don’t try to understand everything. As you’re practicing your reading ability, you need to accept the fact that you might not understand every single word, and that’s OK. Your brain can’t learn so many new things at once. 5 . And you can go back to check the new things you don’t understand later. A．Many words in English are often used together B．Reading well in English is useful for many reasons C．You can choose some famous English books to read D．Don’t choose a book that is too easy or too difficult E．That will help you better understand how to use new words F．It’s more important to get the picture of what you are reading 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．E 5．F 【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了几种提高英语阅读能力的方法。 1．根据“Learning how to read well in English might not be an easy task. But it’s something you’ll have to do on your language learning journey.”以及“not only for taking tests.”可知，此处说的是阅读的实用价值，B项“学好英语阅读是有用的，原因有很多”符合语境。故选B。 2．根据“Here is a good rule to follow: choose reading materials where you understand at least 80% of the content.”可知，此处讲的是选择合适的读物，不要选择太容易或太难的，D项“不要选择太容易或太难的书”符合语境。故选D。 3．根据“Reading can both introduce you to new words and teach you how to use them.”可知，此处介绍的是为何要按词组阅读，因为英语中有许多单词是在一起使用的，A项“英语中许多单词经常连在一起使用”符合语境。故选A。 4．根据“Read groups of words, or words that go together.”可知，下文应介绍词群阅读带来的好处，E项“这将帮助你更好地理解如何使用新单词”符合语境。故选E。 5．根据“Your brain can’t learn so many new things at once.”可知，此处需强调核心阅读目标，F项“更重要的是对你所读的内容有个大概的了解”符合语境。故选F。 Passage 2 There are some skills for students to listen to the teacher in class, which means you’re going to have to practice it. Just as you would have to practice playing basketball to be a better player, you also have to practice listening. How to listen in school? 1 One of the things you need to do is to make sure that your mind doesn’t wander (漫游). It’s easy to start thinking about other things, especially when you’re not interested in the subject. 2 Next, listen to the main ideas. If you want to catch every little piece of information, you’ll feel tired and bored. 3 Not only does this show respect to the teacher, it also helps prevent your mind from wandering. 4 Or it could just be someone talking to their neighbors who shouldn’t be. It can even be some birds outside the classroom window, or a group of kids who are talking loudly as they pass the door to your room. Finally, You need to take notes because you will not remember everything the teacher said. You’ll have to take down the notes so that you can study it after class. 5 Listening isn’t always easy, but if you follow these simple steps, you’ll be much more successful in your classes. A．Here are some suggestions. B．You’ll also need to look at the teacher. C．Helping with each other is a good way. D．So make yourself pay attention to what the teacher is saying. E．It might be a friend who is trying to pass you a note. F．Taking notes also makes you pay attention to the class. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．E 5．F 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了学生在课堂上听讲的一些技巧。 1．根据“How to listen in school?”以及后文介绍的听课建议，可知此处需要一个引出建议的句子。选项A“以下是一些建议。”符合语境。故选A。 2．根据“It’s easy to start thinking about other things, especially when you’re not interested in the subject.”可推知，此处强调集中注意力的重要性。选项D“因此，让自己专注于老师讲的内容。”符合语境。故选D。 3．根据“Not only does this show respect to the teacher, it also helps prevent your mind from wandering.”可推知，“看着老师”能体现对老师的尊重且防止走神。选项B“你还需要看着老师。”符合语境。故选B。 4．根据“Or it could just be someone talking to their neighbors who shouldn’t be.”可推知，此处列举分散注意力的例子。选项E“可能是朋友试图给你递纸条。”符合语境。故选E。 5．根据“Finally, You need to take notes because you will not remember everything the teacher said.”可推知，此处需补充记笔记的作用。选项F“记笔记也能让你专注于课堂。”符合语境。故选F。 Passage 3 （25-26八年级上·江苏扬州·阶段练习）Students learn their lessons in class. 1 Students sit in the classroom listening to the teachers. This is a way of learning. Is this the only way for students to learn something? Of course not. There is another way to learn. 2 For example, if you can’t remember something when you are doing your homework, you can look at your book to find the answers. This is a way to teach yourself. And it is not a difficult thing. We can do this at any place and at any time. How do you teach yourself? 3 Read something you are interested in, or you have to read. The second is that you must ask yourself questions. The question is something you don’t understand, or you want to know more about. You can write down these questions. 4 The third is to answer the question yourself by thinking hard, by reading the text of other books, and by referring to (查阅) dictionaries. This is the way of teaching yourself. And you must do your best. 5 A．That is students can teach themselves. B．In class teachers teach them. C．Listening to teachers in class is the only way to learn. D．A clever student is usually good at asking questions. E．The first thing you must do is reading. F．If you keep doing like this for a long time, you are sure to succeed in your study. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．E 4．D 5．F 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了学生学习知识的两种方式：课堂听讲和自学，并重点介绍了自学的方法。 1．根据文章第一段“Students sit in the classroom listening to the teachers.”可知，此处描述的是课堂学习方式。选项B“在课堂上老师教他们”符合语境。故选B。 2．根据文章第一段“There is another way to learn…you can look at your book to find the answers. This is a way to teach yourself.”可知，此处强调自学。选项A“即学生可以自学”符合语境。故选A。 3．根据文章第二段“Read something you are interested in, or you have to read.”可知，自学第一步是阅读。选项E“你必须做的第一件事是阅读”符合语境。故选E。 4．根据文章第二段“you must ask yourself questions…You can write down these questions.”可知，自学需要提问。选项D“聪明的学生通常擅长提问”符合语境。故选D。 5．根据文章第二段“And you must do your best.”可知，坚持自学会成功。选项F“如果你长期坚持这样做，你一定会在学习上取得成功”符合语境。故选F。 Passage 4 As you know, homework is a big part of going to school. Sometimes, it may be difficult for us to finish all the homework on time. And we would like it easy. 1 . Make a homework plan Most middle school students have two or three hours of homework a night. If it is a heavy homework day, you may need to spend even more time. 2 , especially if you are going to do sports or other activities after school. Watch where you work A bedroom, study or any room where you can get away from noise is good for you to do your homework. 3 . Otherwise, you might fall asleep there. Take a break 4 , so it may be helpful to take some breaks while doing your homework. Sitting for too long without relaxing will make you less productive (多产的) than if you stop to take a break regularly. Taking a 10-minute break every hour is a good way for most people. Get help when you need it Sometimes even though you are listening carefully in class, some subjects seem too hard. The first person to ask for help is your teacher. He or she may be able to work with you before or after school and explain things more clearly. 5 . However, they might not give you the results you want. Lots of people understand something well but are not able to explain it. A．Most people’s attention (注意力) don’t last very long B．Here are some suggestions (建议) for you to choose from C．But don’t study on your comfortable bed D．Complete your homework by yourself E．It’s a good idea to make a homework plan F．Your classmates may also be able to give you a hand 【答案】1．B 2．E 3．C 4．A 5．F 【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了一些可以让作业变得容易的建议。 1．根据上文“Sometimes, it may be difficult for us to finish all the homework on time. And we would like it easy.”再结合下文给出的一些建议，可知此处应总起句，表明给出一些建议供选择，B选项“这里有一些建议供你选择”符合语境。故选B。 2．根据本段小标题“Make a homework plan”可知此处应与“制定家庭作业计划”有关，E选项“制定一个家庭作业计划是个好主意”符合语境。故选E。 3．根据本段小标题“Watch where you work”可知此处应与“学习的地方”有关，C选项“但是不要在你舒适的床上学习”符合语境。故选C。 4．根据本段小标题“Take a break”以及“so it may be helpful to take some breaks while doing your homework.”可知此处应与“做作业时休息”的原因有关，A选项“大多数人的注意力不会持续很长时间”符合语境。故选A。 5．根据本段小标题“Get help when you need it”可知此处应与“寻求帮助”有关，F选项“你的同学也许也能帮你一把”符合语境。故选F。 Passage 5 （23-24八年级下·江苏徐州·期末）Everyone is born with the ability to learn. But whether you can do this well depends on (取决于) your learning habits. Research (研究) shows that successful learners have some good habits in common. Creating an interest in what they learn. Studies show that if you are interested in something, your brain is more active and it is also easier for you to pay attention to (注意) it for a long time. 1 For example, if they need to learn English and they like music or sports, they can listen to English songs or watch sports programs in English. This way they will not get bored. 2 “Practice makes perfect.” Good learners will keep practicing what they have learned, and they are not afraid of making mistakes. Alexander Graham Bell did not invent (发明) the telephone overnight. He succeeded by trying many times and learning from his mistakes. Developing their study skills. It is not enough to just study hard. 3 For example, they may take notes by writing down key words or by drawing mind maps. They also look for ways to review (预习) what they have learned. They may do this by reading their notes every day or by explaining the information to another student. Asking questions. 4 They even ask each other and try to find out the answers. Knowledge comes from questioning. Learning is a lifelong journey because every day brings something new. Everything that you learn becomes a part of you and changes you. 5 A．Don’t be afraid of failure. B．Practising and learning from mistakes. C．Good learners know the best way they can study. D．Good learners often ask questions during or after class. E．Good learners can always find interesting ways to learn. F．So, be a clever learner, and you will become a successful learner. 【答案】1．E 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．F 【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了成功学习者共有的几个好习惯，包括培养学习兴趣、从错误中学习、发展学习技能和提问等。 1．根据“For example, if they need to learn English and they like music or sports, they can listen to English songs or watch sports programs in English. This way they will not get bored.”可知，此处与有趣的方法有关。选项E“好的学习者总能找到有趣的学习方法。”符合语境。故填E。 2．根据“Practice makes perfect”可知，此处与练习有关。选项B“从错误中练习和学习。”符合语境。故填B。 3．根据“It is not enough to just study hard”和“For example, they may take notes by writing down key words or by drawing mind maps.”可知，此处与好的学习方法有关。选项C“好的学习者知道最好的学习方法。”符合语境。故填C。 4．根据“They even ask each other and try to find out the answers.”可知，此处与问问题有关。选项D“好的学习者经常在课上或课下问问题。”符合语境。故填D。 5．根据“Everything that you learn becomes a part of you and changes you.”可知，此处应总结，鼓励大家成为聪明的学习者。选项F“所以，做一个聪明的学习者，你就会成为一个成功的学习者。”符合语境。故填F。 话题5 学校生活 Passage 1 Do you do any chores at home? Do you take any labor courses (劳动课) at school? 1 They can both make you develop good habits and help you a lot in the future. But how to get proper practice? Here is some advice. Do chores at home. It’s not so difficult for you to do something at home. Doing some dishes or taking out the rubbish is a good choice for you. 2 But it is important because it can provide you with basic skills. Then, you will form good working habits and adapt (适应) to changes in life. Take labor courses at school. It is reported that students in primary and middle schools in China must take labor courses and receive labor education. 3 Students can choose everyday chores such as cleaning, organizing and cooking; agricultural or manufacturing labor like growing vegetables and making handicrafts; or service such as volunteer work. Join clubs. There must be all kinds of clubs for you such as the cooking club, paper-cutting club or clothes-making club. 4 Your friendship will certainly be stronger because of sharing the same experience. Take part in competitions. If you are the winner in cake-making or any other kind of competition, your parents will be proud of you. 5 It’s really necessary to take labor education both at school and at home. When you become more and more independent while growing up, you can realize the value of taking it. 根据短文内容，将下面方框内的选项还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺，每个选项只能用一次，其中有一个选项是多余的。 A．You can also join these clubs with your best friends together. B．There is no need for you to compare with your friends! C．Many students may think it a waste of time to do chores. D．And these kinds of competitions will make your school life colorful and meaningful. E．Schools will mainly offer three kinds of labor courses. F．Develop some life skills, and they can help you in many ways. 【答案】1．F 2．C 3．E 4．A 5．D 【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了通过做家务、上劳动课、加入俱乐部和参加竞赛等方式来培养生活技能及其带来的益处。 1．根据“Do you do any chores at home? Do you take any labor courses (劳动课) at school?”以及“They can both make you develop good habits and help you a lot in the future.”可知，此处应是引出通过做家务和上劳动课等方式能培养一些生活技能，且这些技能有很大帮助，选项F“培养一些生活技能，它们能在很多方面帮助你。”符合语境。故选F。 2．根据“But it is important because it can provide you with basic skills.”可知，此处存在转折，前面应是说有人觉得做这些事不好，选项C“许多学生可能认为做家务是浪费时间。”符合语境，引出后面强调做家务很重要。故选C。 3．根据“Students can choose everyday chores such as cleaning, organizing and cooking, agricultural or manufacturing labor like growing vegetables and making handicrafts; or service such as volunteer work.”可知，此处应是说学校提供的劳动课程的种类，选项E“学校将主要提供三种劳动课程。”符合语境。故选E。 4．根据“There must be all kinds of clubs for you such as the cooking club, paper-cutting club or clothes-making club.”以及“Your friendship will certainly be stronger because of sharing the same experience.”可知，此处应是说可以和朋友一起加入俱乐部，选项A“你也可以和你最好的朋友一起加入这些俱乐部。”符合语境。故选A。 5．根据“If you are the winner in cake-making or any other kind of competition, your parents will be proud of you.”可知，此处应是说参加竞赛带来的好处，选项D“这些种类的竞赛将使你的学校生活丰富多彩且有意义。”符合语境。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级上·江苏盐城·阶段练习）What are PE lessons like in your country?___ 1___ At my school, sports can be relaxed. You don’t have to go to a 40-minute class each week. Instead, we get to pick when we want to play sports. 2 So everyone can find their favourite sports. Our school has many amazing activities. We can take lessons in swimming, rock climbing, dancing and so on. Yuan Ningfei, 16, the UK In my school, every afternoon from 3:30 to 5 pm is PE time. In PE classes, students usually just do some exercise, such as running or weight lifting (举重) in the gym, or playing. However, people in the US love sports a lot. 3 Every school has sports teams, for example, American football, baseball, basketball, tennis, and much more. Niu Hanliang, 15, the US In Serbia, our school classes include two hours of PE per week. Each part lasts 50 minutes. While taking these classes, we start with 10 minutes of running, then we play different sports like soccer, basketball, volleyball, or badminton. Many students at my school love physical activities very much. 4 Each training lasts two hours. Emilia Jovic, 16, Serbia Different countries have different PE lessons. Most of the students like it very much. 5 . Do you think so? A．They also join after-school clubs to get training five times each week. B．There are many interesting outdoor activities. C．Some students from all over the world tell something about their PE classes. D．Sports team training is another way of PE. E．There are also a great number of sports to choose from. F．Doing sports is a great way to stay healthy. 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．D 4．A 5．F 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要是三个学生介绍了各自国家的体育课情况。 1．根据上文“What are PE lessons like in your country?”以及下文内容可知，此处应该回答这个问题，介绍不同国家的体育课情况；选项C“一些来自世界各地的学生讲述了他们的体育课。”符合语境。故选C。 2．根据上文“Instead, we get to pick when we want to play sports.”和下文“So everyone can find their favorite sports.”可知，此处是指供大家选择的运动有很多；选项E“也有很多运动项目可供选择。”符合语境。故选E。 3．根据下文“Every school has sports teams, for example, American football, baseball, basketball, tennis, and much more.”可知，此处应该提到运动队训练；选项D“运动队训练是体育的另一种方式。”符合语境。故选D。 4．根据下文“Each training lasts two hours.”可知，此处应该提到了训练；选项A“他们还参加课外俱乐部，每周进行五次训练。”符合语境。故选A。 5．根据上文“Different countries have different PE lessons. Most of the students like it very much.”以及下文“Do you think so?”可知，此处应该是总结性的结论；选项F“做运动是保持健康的好方法。”符合语境。故选F。 Passage 3 （23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期末）In North America, many students join environment clubs. In an environment club, students work together to reduce pollution and protect the environment. 1 ·No-garbage lunches: How much garbage do you throw away after lunch? 2 The class with the least garbage gets a prize. ·No-car days: On a no-car day, nobody comes to school in a car—neither the students nor the teachers! Cars pollute our air, so remember: Walk, skip, bike or run. Use your legs! It’s lots of fun! ·Bring your own shopping bag! Bring your own bag when you go shopping. 3 ·Save water! Did you know that a leaky toilet can waste 20 to 40 litres (升) of water an hour? In a year, that would fill a large swimming pool! In environment clubs, students fix leaky toilets and sinks. · 4 Turn off the lights when you leave a room. Turn off the television and shut down the computer when you are not using them. 5 Could you school do some of these things? A．Save electricity! B．It’s a good way to reduce packaging. C．Let’s work together to make our environment clean. D．It can make you happy when you go shopping with your own bags. E．The following is a list of their activities and advice about environment clubs. F．Environment clubs encourage students to bring their lunches in reusable bags and dishes. 【答案】1．E 2．F 3．B 4．A 5．C 【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了北美学生的环境俱乐部，提供了一些保护环境的建议。 1．根据下文“No-garbage lunches:”“No-car days:”“Bring your own shopping bag!”和“Save water”可知，此句是说下面是一些对环境俱乐部的建议。E项“以下是他们的活动清单和对环境俱乐部的建议”符合语境，故选E。 2．根据“No-garbage lunches: How much garbage do you throw away after lunch?”可知，此句内容与减少午餐产生的垃圾有关。F项“环保俱乐部鼓励学生用可重复使用的袋子和盘子携带午餐”符合语境，故选F。 3．根据“Bring your own shopping bag!”可知，此句内容与自己携带购物袋的好处有关。B项“这是减少包装的好方法”符合语境，故选B。 4．根据“Turn off the lights when you leave a room.”可知，此句是说要节约用电。A项“节约用电”符合语境，故选A。 5．根据“Could you school do some of these things?”可知，此句应是表达号召我们要保护环境。C项“让我们共同努力，使我们的环境清洁”符合语境，故选C。 话题6 交友建议 Passage 1 Friends are the ones who we walk through life together. If we share our ups and downs, and pains and joys with our friends, we will get more happiness and less sadness. 1 Be friendly to others. 2 You should try to make a stranger feel at home wherever he happens to be. That is exactly the first step of making friends. Realize your fear. Some of us see meeting new people as a terrible event. We are worried about making a bad impression (印象), how to let the conversation end and so on. Actually, all these fears are just in our heads. Be yourself. 3 Just be yourself. You can meet real friends when you are who you are. The truest friendship is built with both accepting each other for who they are. 4 This connection between you and the other one can only begin when your heart is open. You can’t form any new connection if you mistrust others. It’ll send the wrong information and cause them to close off their hearts to you, too. Be there for them. A friendship is a union (联盟) that supports two people. 5 When you help your friends, you should help unconditionally (无条件地). The satisfaction you get from helping others is greater than anything you can get in return. A．Don’t change yourself to make new friends. B．Here are some ways to make new friends. C．Open your heart. D．Don’t forget your friends’ birthday. E．Smile at others and you will be sure to get a smile in return. F．Give support to your friends as possible as you can. 【答案】1．B 2．E 3．A 4．C 5．F 【语篇导读】本文介绍了朋友是我们一起走过人生的人。详细地介绍了朋友的重要性和交友的方法。 1．根据“Friends are the ones who we walk through life together. If we share our ups and downs, and pains and joys with our friends, we will get more happiness and less sadness.”及下文的介绍可知说的是朋友的重要性及如何交友，选项B“这里有一些结交新朋友的方法。”符合语境。故选B。 2．根据“Be friendly to others.”可知说的是友好，选项E“对别人微笑，你一定会得到微笑的回报。”符合语境。故选E。 3．根据“Be yourself.”可知说的是做你自己，选项A“不要为了交新朋友而改变自己。”符合语境。故选A。 4．根据“This connection between you and the other one can only begin when your heart is open.”可知说的是敞开心扉，选项C“敞开心扉。”符合语境。故选C。 5．根据“When you help your friends, you should help unconditionally (无条件地).”可知说的是帮助朋友，选项F“尽可能支持你的朋友。”符合语境。故选F。 Passage 2 （25-26八年级上·江苏盐城·阶段练习）Friends are very important for us. Everyone needs friends. But some people have trouble making friends. 1 2 It’s hard to make friends if you stay at home alone all the time. Do something that your friends and you are interested in. It’s easier to make friends when you have the same interests. Don’t be afraid to show people what you’re really good at. Talk about the things you like and do best. People will be interested in you if there is something interesting about you. 3 Look at people in the eye when you talk to them. That way, they’ll find it easier to talk to you, or people may think you’re not interested in them and may stop being interested in you. Be a good listener. When people talk about themselves, listen carefully. Ask lots of questions sincerely. 4 Try to make friends with the kind of people you really like and respect—not just with those who are easy to meet. 5 That way, you’ll have a bigger group of people to choose from and have more chances to make friends. A．Be a good talker. B．Get out of your house. C．Here are some ways to help them. D．Friends need to help each other. E．Be friendly to a lot of people. F．Show a great interest in their answers. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．F 5．E 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。主要围绕“交友”展开，首先指出朋友的重要性及部分人存在交友困难的问题，随后从“走出家门”“展示特长”“学会交谈”“善于倾听”“广泛友善”五个方面，给出具体的交友建议，帮助有需要的人改善交友状况。 1．根据“But some people have trouble making friends.”及下文列举的具体交友建议可知，前文提出“部分人交友困难”的问题，后文是解决该问题的方法，选项C“这里有一些方法可以帮助他们”作为过渡句，承接“问题”与“解决方案”，引出下文的交友建议，故选C。 2．根据“It’s hard to make friends if you stay at home alone all the time.”可知，后文强调“一直待在家里难交友”，选项B“走出你的房子”直接给出“不要待在家”的建议，与后文形成“建议—原因”的逻辑，符合语境，故选B。 3．根据“Look at people in the eye when you talk to them. That way, they’ll find it easier to talk to you...”可知，该段落围绕“与人交谈的技巧”展开，强调交谈时的眼神交流，选项A“做一个善于交谈的人”作为段落主旨句，概括“交谈技巧”的核心内容，总领全段，故选A。 4．根据“Be a good listener. When people talk about themselves, listen carefully. Ask lots of questions sincerely.”可知，前文建议“认真倾听、真诚提问”，选项F“对他们的回答表现出极大的兴趣”补充了“善于倾听”的后续动作，体现对他人话题的重视，符合语境，故选F。 5．根据“Try to make friends with the kind of people you really like and respect—not just with those who are easy to meet.”及“That way, you’ll have a bigger group of people to choose from...”可知，后文提到“有更多人可选择”，选项E“对很多人友好”解释了“有更多选择”的前提，与后文逻辑一致，故选E。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级上·江苏南通·期末）Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don’t give friendship back. That is why some friendships don’t last very long. 1 You must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest; be generous; be understanding. Honesty is where a good friendship starts. Friends must be able to trust one another. If you don’t tell the truth, people usually find out. If a friend finds out that you haven’t been honest, you may lose your friend’s trust. 2 Generosity means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow. You don’t have to give your lunch money or your clothes, of course. Instead you have to learn how to share things you enjoy, your hobbies and interests. Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings. 3 They tell your friend what is important to you. By sharing them you help your friend know you better. Sooner or later everyone needs understanding and help with a problem. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve. 4 So to be a friend you must listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend’s place so you can understand the problem better. 5 But all true friendships have three things in common. If you plan to keep your friendships, you must practice honesty, generosity and understanding. A．To have a friend, you must learn to be a friend. B．A friend in need is a friend indeed. C．No two friendships are ever exactly similar. D．Turning to a friend can be a first step in solving the problem. E．These can be valuable to a friend. F．Good friends always trust one another to speak and act honestly. 【答案】1．A 2．F 3．E 4．D 5．C 【语篇导读】本文讲了人们都希望别人成为自己的朋友，但是他们不对他人付出自己的友情，想要别人的友情，你必须记住三点：要诚实、大方、善解人意。 1．根据“You must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you.”可知说的是自己如何对待朋友。选项A“要想拥有朋友，你必须先学会成为朋友。”符合语境。故选A。 2．根据“If a friend finds out that you haven’t been honest, you may lose your friend’s trust.”可知如果朋友发现你不诚实，你可能会失去朋友的信任。选项F“好朋友总是互相信任，言行诚实。”符合语境。故选F。 3．根据“Instead you have to learn how to share things you enjoy, your hobbies and interests. Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings.”可知你必须学会如何分享你喜欢的东西，你的爱好和兴趣。选项E“这些对朋友来说很有价值。”符合语境，故选E。 4．根据“Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve”可知讲述的是求助。选项D“向朋友求助是解决问题的第一步。”符合语境。故选D。 5．根据“But all true friendships have three things in common”可知前后是转折关系，应该是友谊有不同之处。选项C“没有两种友谊是完全相同的。”符合语境。故选C。 Passage 4 Everybody wants to have true friends. If you want to have true friends, you should be a true friend yourself. 1 Here is some advice. ★ 2 Laughing with a friend is the best, but sometimes crying brings you closer together. Don’t be afraid to be yourself when you stay with your friends. Show your true feelings to your friends. Then friends will know each other better. ★ Be a nice gift giver. Gift-giving is not just for birthdays or holidays. It can be a fun way of making your friends feel special! 3 Making things by yourself shows your care, because you put time and ideas into your gifts. ★ Stand up for him or her. 4 Do something about it! You can try to find a smart way to help your friend and make others look at your friend differently. Sometimes, it’s necessary for you to make him or her feel better. 5 A．Laugh and cry together. B．Wonder what you can do? C．She never fights with her friend. D．But you don’t need to buy expensive gifts. E．It may not be easy, but it’s what a good friend should do. F．If someone laughs at your friend, don’t just stand there quietly. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．F 5．E 【语篇导读】本文给出了如何做才能成为一个真正的朋友的一些建议。 1．根据上句“If you want to have true friends, you should be a true friend yourself.”及下句“Here is some advice.”可知，本文是给出了一些如何做才能成为一个真正的朋友的建议，选项B“想知道你能做什么吗？”符合语境。故选B。 2．根据下文“Laughing with a friend is the best, but sometimes crying brings you closer together.”可知，和朋友一起欢笑是最好的，但有时哭泣会让你们更亲近，选项A“一起笑，一起哭。”符合语境。故选A。 3．根据下句“Making things by yourself shows your care, because you put time and ideas into your gifts.”可知，自己制作的礼物能表明了你的用心，选项D“但你不需要购买昂贵的礼物。”符合语境。故选D。 4．根据上句“Stand up for him or her.”和下文“Do something about it!”可知，你应该采取行动，选项F“如果有人嘲笑你的朋友，不要只是默默地站在那里。”符合语境。故选F。 5．根据上文“Sometimes, it’s necessary for you to make him or her feel better.”可知，有时候，你有必要让他或她感觉好一点，选项E“这也许并不容易，但这是一个好朋友应该做的。”符合语境。故选E。 Passage 5 Friends are the ones who we walk through life together. If we share our ups and downs, pains and joys with our friends, we will get more happiness and less sadness. 1 Be friendly to others. 2 You should try to make a stranger feel at home whenever he happens to be. That is the first step of making friends. Be yourself. 3 Just be yourself. You can meet real friends when you are who you are. The truest friendship is built with both accepting each other for who they are. 4 This connection (联系) between you and the other one can only begin when your heart is open. You can’t form any new connection if you don’t trust others. It’ll send the wrong information and cause them to close off their hearts to you, too. Be there for them. A friendship is a union that supports two people. 5 When you help your friends, you should help unconditionally (无条件地). The satisfaction you get from helping others is greater than anything you can get in return. A．Be a humorous friend. B．Don’t change yourself to make new friends. C．Here are some ways to make new friends. D．Open your heart. E．Smile at others and you will be sure to get a smile in return. F．Give support to your friends as possible as you can. 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．B 4．D 5．F 【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了朋友的重要性和交友的方法。 1．根据下文“Be friendly to others.”、“Be yourself.”和“Be there for them.”可知，此处介绍交朋友的方法，选项C“这里有一些结交新朋友的方法。”符合语境，故选C。 2．根据上文“Be friendly to others.”和下文“You should try to make a stranger feel at home whenever he happens to be.”可知，要对他人友好，让他人感到宾至如归，选项E“对别人微笑，你一定会得到一个微笑的回报。”符合语境，故选E。 3．根据上文“Be yourself.”和下文“Just be yourself.”可知，说的是做你自己就好，不需要改变自己，选项B“不要为了交新朋友而改变自己。”符合语境，故选B。 4．根据下文“This connection (联系) between you and the other one can only begin when your heart is open.”可知，敞开心扉才能与他人形成新的关系，选项D“敞开你的心扉。”符合语境，故选D。 5．根据下文“When you help your friends, you should help unconditionally (无条件地).”可知，要无条件帮助你的朋友，选项F“尽可能地支持你的朋友。”符合语境，故选F。 1 / 1zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $