Unit 1 Science and Scientists 默写练习-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册教用课件(人教版)

该高中英语课件围绕“科学与科学家”主题，系统梳理核心词汇（如contradictory、household）、拓展词汇（如severe-severely）、核心短语及重点句型（如until从句、so...that...），通过“词汇-句型-语境运用”的学习支架，帮助学生从基础积累过渡到综合运用。 其亮点在于结合语境设计单句语法填空和完成句子练习，提升语言能力，通过重点句型分类解析培养逻辑思维，强化思维品质，拓展词汇表梳理词形变化，助力构建词汇网络，增强学习能力。学生能在主题语境中巩固知识，提升运用能力，教师可借助系统默写资源高效开展语基教学。

第二部分 语基默写 Unit 1　SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS 1 默写练习(一) 1 默写练习(二) 2 内 容 索 引 默写练习(一) PART 01 第一部分 3 一、核心词汇写对 1．______________ adj.　相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的 2．__________ n. 一家人；家庭；同住一所(套)房子的人 3．______ vt. 把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n. 责备；指责 4．_______ n. 把手；拉手；柄 vt. 处理；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物、工具等) contradictory household blame handle 默写练习(一)　Reading and Thinking 返回导航 5．_____ n. 联系；纽带 vt. 把……连接起来；相关联 6．____ adj. 未煮的；生的；未经处理的；原始的 7．____________ adj. 大量的；价值巨 大的；重大的 8．_________ n. 减少；降低；减少量 vt.& vi. (使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低 9．__________ n.[pl.-s] 统计数字；统计资料；统计学 10．___________ n. 显微镜 link raw substantial decrease statistic microscope 返回导航 二、拓展词汇记牢 1．_______ adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的→_________ adv.严重地；严厉地 2．___________ adj.懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的→__________ vt.使沮丧；挫败；阻止→____________ n．懊恼；挫折→____________ adj.令人懊恼的；令人沮丧的 3．__________ n．感染；传染→_______ vt.使感染；传染→___________ adj.传染性的；感染的(尤指通过呼吸) severe severely frustrated frustrate frustration frustrating infection infect infectious 返回导航 4．__________ vi.认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费)→_____________ n．订购；订阅(费)；用户费；定期捐款 5．______ n.证据；证明；检验→______ v．证明；证明是 6．_________ adj.数量多的；多种多样的→_________ v．乘以；迅速增加；繁殖 7．________ vt.& vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任 n．犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象→__________ n．怀疑；嫌疑→___________ adj.怀疑的；可疑的 8．_____________ n．介入；出面；干涉→__________ v．介入；出面；插话 subscribe subscription proof prove multiple multiply suspect suspicion suspicious intervention intervene 返回导航 9．_____ adj.干净的；纯的；纯粹的→_______ v．净化→_______ adv.仅仅；完全→_______ n．纯净；纯洁 10．__________ vt.使改观；使改变形态 vi.改变；转变→_______________ n．变化；转变；改观 pure purify purely purity transform transformation 返回导航 1．_________　　　　　　 死于 2．_________________ 最终地；彻底地 3．___________ 通常；一般而言 4．_____________ 同意；赞同；订阅 5．_________________________ 下定决心做某事 6．____________ 应负责任 die from once and for all in general subscribe to be determined to do sth. be to blame 返回导航 7．_______________ 由于 8．________________________ ……与……之间的联系 9．_____________________ 有可能做某事 10．__________ 幸亏；由于 as a result of a link between...and... be likely to do sth. thanks to 返回导航 1．until引导时间状语从句 Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world, __________________________________________________________． 在英国医生约翰·斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。 until a British doctor, John Snow, showed how it could be overcome 返回导航 2．because引导原因状语从句 As a young doctor, John Snow became frustrated ____________________________________________________． 由于无人知道如何预防或治疗霍乱，年轻的约翰·斯诺医生感到沮丧。 3．“so...that...”意为“如此……以至于……” He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was _____________________________________________________． 他发现霍乱在两条特定的街道上暴发得非常严重，以至于10天内就有500多人死亡。 because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days 返回导航 4．where引导定语从句 Snow began by marking on a map the exact places ___________________________________． 斯诺开始在地图上标出那些死去的人曾经居住过的地方的确切位置。 5．“it seems/seemed that...”意为“似乎/好像……” ____________________________________________________________ that she had it delivered to her house every day. 这名妇女似乎非常喜欢从水泵抽上来的水，以至于每天都让人把那里的水运到家里来。 where all those who died had lived It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much 返回导航 6．“have sth.done”意为“让/请某人做某事、使某事被做” Accordingly, he ___________________________________ so that it could not be used. 于是，他让人拆掉了水泵的把手，这样水泵就不能用了。 had the handle of the pump removed 返回导航 7．无生命名词作主语 Through Snow's tireless efforts, water companies began to sell clean water, and ___________________________________________________ _________． 经过斯诺的不懈努力，供水公司开始销售洁净的水，世界各地的霍乱威胁大幅度降低。 the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease 返回导航 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Thanks ___ her skilful handling of the affair, the problem was averted. 2．___ general, adults need about eight hours of sleep a day to stay healthy and happy. 3．My main reason for subscribing ___ New Scientist is to keep track of advances in science. to In to 返回导航 4．There is no doubt that the terrible earthquake was _________(blame) for such severe ruins. 5．As is known to us, the old Silk Road linked China ________ the West in ancient times. 6．Furthermore, the number of the students in our school playing computer games has decreased ___ 30%. 7．The traffic was unbearable, and it was ____________(frustrate) to know that I would be late for the important meeting. to blame to/with by frustrating 返回导航 8．This country's plan to transform this city _____ a free trade port is expected to spur local consumption and enhance competitiveness of dutyfree products. 9．I was overcome with sadness because I was suspected ___ stealing his money. 10．Youth is so popular an English newspaper _____ I've been a regular reader for ten years. into of that 返回导航 Ⅱ.完成句子 1．很多人认为炎热的天气是缺水的原因之一。 Many people think the hot weather __________________________ ___________________． 2．由于人类活动，一些稀有动物的数量正在减少。 Because of human activities, _________________________________ _____________________________． is partly to blame for the water shortage the number of some rare animals is decreasing/on the decrease 返回导航 3．直到参加这次采摘活动，我才意识到用自己的双手工作是多么重要。(until引导时间状语从句；强调句型) _____________________________________________ I realised how important working with my own hands was. 4．戴维是如此害怕，以至于他站在那里一动不动。(so...that...; 倒装结构) _____________________________ he stood rooted to the spot. It wasn't until I took part in the picking activity that So frightened was David that 返回导航 5．参加各种各样的活动可以开阔你的视野。(have sth.done) Taking part in various activities can _____________________________． have your horizons broadened 返回导航 默写练习(二) PART 02 第二部分 22 默写练习(二)　Learning About Language & Using Language   一、核心词汇写对 1．_________ n.　 　　 思想；思维；见解 2．________ n. 蛋白质 3．_____ n. 细胞；小房间；单间牢房 4．______ n. 病毒 5．__________ n. 框架；结构 thinking protein cell virus framework 返回导航 6．______ adj. 可靠的；固体的；坚实的 n. 固体 7．_____ vt. 投射；向……投以 (视线、笑容等)；投掷 8．_______ n. 阴影；影子；背光处 9．________ n. 彩虹 10．_____ vt. 倒出；倾泻；斟(饮料) 11．________ n. 导弹 solid cast shadow rainbow pour missile 返回导航 12．___________ n. 领导；领导地位；领导才能 13．______ vt. 追溯；追踪；查出 n. 痕迹；遗迹；踪迹 14．____________ adj. 优秀的；杰出的；明显的 15．_________ adj. 抽象的；理论上的 n. (文献等的)摘要 16．________ n. 概念；观念 leadership trace outstanding abstract concept 返回导航 17．__________ adj. 聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的 18．______ n. 弱点；过错 19．______ n. 改变；转换；轮班 vi.& vt. 转移；挪动；转向 brilliant fault shift 返回导航 二、拓展词汇记牢 1．________ n．发现；调查结果；(法律)判决→_____ v．发现→_______ n．发现者 2．________ adj.最初的；开始的；第一的→__________ adv. 最初 3．___________ adj.机械的；发动机的；机器的→_________ n．机械师；机械修理工 4．_______ vt.保卫；防守；辩解→________ n．防御；保护；辩护 finding find finder initial initially mechanical mechanic defend defence 返回导航 5．__________ n．助理；助手 adj.助理的；副的→_______ vt.& vi.帮助；协助；援助→___________ n．帮助；协助；援助 6．_______ adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的→_____ n．天赋；天才 7．_______ adj.稳定的；平稳的；稳步的→_________ adv.稳定地；平稳地；持续地 assistant assist assistance gifted gift steady steadily 返回导航 8．___________ n．天文学家→__________ n. 天文学 9．______ adj.生动的；鲜明的；丰富的→________ adv.生动地；逼真地；鲜明地 astronomer astronomy vivid vividly 返回导航 1．__________________________对……有影响 2．__________ (战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发 3．_____________ 主管；掌管；负责 4．_______________________________ 阻碍某人做某事 5．________ 承担；呈现 6．_______________________ 在某人的领导下 have an impact on/upon... break out in charge of discourage sb. from doing sth. take on under sb.'s leadership 返回导航 7．______________ 追溯到 8．____________________ 熟悉…… 9．_______________ 患(病)；染上(小病) 10．__________ 指出 11．______________ 与……作斗争 12．__________ 最重要的是；尤其是 trace back to be familiar with... come down with point out fight against above all 返回导航 1．“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义 Perhaps ____________________________________________________ ______________________ Qian Xuesen. 也许再没有哪一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大了。 no other scientist has had a greater impact on China's aerospace science than 返回导航 2．过去分词(短语)作状语 ________________________，Qian attended schools in Beijing and then entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study Railway Mechanical Engineering. 钱学森于1911年出生于上海，在北京上学，之后进入上海交通大学学习铁路机械工程。 Born in Shanghai in 1911 返回导航 3．“not only...but also...”意为“不仅……而且……” He received a hero's welcome from his homeland and was put _________________________________________________________________________________________________． 他受到了来自祖国的对待英雄般的欢迎，不仅负责发展中国的火箭科学，而且负责中国的太空和导弹计划。 in charge of not only developing China's rocket science but also its space and missile programme 返回导航 4．make＋宾语＋宾语补足语 However, what might have ____________________________________ _______________ was probably his strong interest in other things, such as music and drawing. 然而， 使他成为如此杰出和有创造力的科学家的(原因)可能是他对音乐、绘画等其他事物的强烈兴趣。 made him such an outstanding and creative scientist 返回导航 35 5．since引导时间状语从句 _______________________________________________________________________________，his world became one of abstract thought. 自从得了一种使他失去大部分肌肉功能的疾病后，他的世界就变成了一个抽象思维的世界。 Since he came down with a disease which caused him to lose the use of most of his muscles 返回导航 6．状语从句的省略 Besides being brilliant, he was brave, ____________________________ _____________________． 除了聪明以外，他还很勇敢，虽然有时说话或做事会粗心。 7．介词＋宾语从句 He was willing to say what others were afraid to say, and to dream __________________________________________． 他愿意说别人不敢说的话，梦想别人不敢梦想的东西。 though sometimes careless in what he said or did of what others were afraid to dream about 返回导航 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Since 1976 he has been operating the shop with the ___________(assist) of volunteers. 2．Therefore, you can exclude them from ________(trace) data to improve performance of collection and network traffic. 3．People can't know the exact time when the terrible disease broke ____ in the world. assistance tracing out 返回导航 4．The army will do whatever it takes to defend the motherland _____________ any invasion. 5．The heavy rain _______(pour) down from the dark clouds, creating a cascade of water that flooded the low-lying areas. 6．He was a natural politician, a _______(gift) orator who knew how to work a crowd. 7．All of them slowly but _________(steady) increased their daily exercise period to an hour and a half. from/against poured gifted steadily 返回导航 8．__________(initial), overusing electronics will do harm to our health and may cause short-sightedness. 9．Nowadays the priority of travelling ___________(shift) from shopping to food and scenery. 10．Not only he but also I ___(be) fond of calligraphy，so we often discuss how to improve our handwriting together. Initially is shifted am 返回导航 Ⅱ.完成句子 1．作为“杂交水稻之父”而著名，袁隆平终生致力于研究水稻。[过去分词(短语)作状语] _____________________________________，Yuan Longping devoted his whole life to studying rice. Known as “the father of hybrid rice” 返回导航 2．我们从未见过比他更杰出的农业科学家。 (“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义) We ________________________________________________________． have never seen a more outstanding agricultural scientist than him 返回导航 3．我们不仅应该尊重这些伟大的科学家，还应该学习他们的科学精神。(not only...but also...；倒装结构) _____________________________________________________________________ the scientific spirit from them. Not only should we show respect for the great scientists, but we should also learn 返回导航 4．我知道你喜欢唐诗， 并且有音乐方面的天赋。 I know you are fond of Tang poetry, and ________________________________________． 5．作为学生会主席，我被委派负责你在天津停留期间的所有活动。 As chairman of the Students' Union, I was appointed ____________________________________________________________ during your stay in Tianjin. you are gifted in/have a gift for music to take charge of/to be in charge of arranging all the activities 返回导航 $