Unit5 Period 2 Learning About Language-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册教用Word(人教版)

本讲义聚焦动词-ing形式这一核心语法点，先系统梳理其一般式（主动doing、被动being done）和完成式（主动having done、被动having been done）的构成及意义，再递进讲解其作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语的句法功能，构建从形式到应用的学习支架。 资料特色在于融合高考真题（如2022全国甲卷、2024浙江卷）与教材例句，通过“避免错过少延期”等口诀强化动词搭配记忆，单句语法填空和完成句子练习助力学生提升语言能力和思维品质。课中辅助教师清晰授课，课后帮助学生巩固语法知识，查漏补缺。

Period 2　Learning About Language 动词-ing形式 一、动词-ing形式及意义 (1)Simply saying thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations. 在某些情况下，仅仅说声谢谢似乎是不够的。 (2)(2022·全国甲卷) We are supposed to be responsible for our own behaviour and spare no effort to protect oceans from being polluted. 我们应该对自己的行为负责，不遗余力地保护海洋免受污染。 (3)Having finished the work, he went out to meet his friends.　完成工作后，他出去见了他的朋友。 (4)Having been persuaded to change my attitude，I finally got the right way to rid myself of carelessness and gained confidence as well. 在被说服改变态度之后，我终于找到了改掉粗心大意的毛病的正确的方法，也获得了信心。 形式 主/被动式 意义 一般式 主动式 doing 与逻辑主语之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系；与谓语动作同时发生或基本上同时发生 被动式 being done 与逻辑主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系；与谓语动作同时发生 完成式 主动式 having done 与逻辑主语之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系；先于谓语动作发生 被动式 having been done 与逻辑主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系；先于谓语动作发生 二、动词-ing形式作主语和宾语 (1)(教材P50) As you can imagine, getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries. 正如你所想的那样，烧伤会造成非常严重的伤害。 (2)(2024·浙江卷1月满分作文)This simple routine involves standing up from your desk, stretching your arms, legs and back, and taking a few deep breaths. 这个简单的日常动作包括从你的桌前站起来，伸展你的手臂、腿和背部，做几个深呼吸。 (3)It's no use apologizing repeatedly if you never change your behavior. 反复道歉却不改变行为是没用的。 (4)I'm looking forward to being admitted to a key university. 我盼望着被一所重点大学录取。 1．动词-ing形式在句中作主语，谓语动词常用第三人称单数。 it可作形式主语置于句首，而把真正的主语，即动词-ing 形式置于句后，常见的句型有：It is＋no use/no good/fun/a waste of time/money...＋doing sth.。 2．动词-ing形式既可作动词的宾语，又可作介词的宾语。常见的后面只跟动词-ing形式作宾语的动词(短语)有： 避免错过少延期(avoid、miss、postpone) 建议完成多练习(suggest、finish、practise) 喜欢想象禁不住(enjoy、imagine、can't help) 承认否定与嫉妒(admit、deny、envy) 逃避冒险莫原谅(escape、risk、excuse) 忍受保持不介意(stand、keep、mind) 三、动词-ing形式作表语和宾语补足语 (1)(教材P50) The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid. 治疗烧伤的第一步也是最重要的一步是采取急救措施。 (2)(教材P51) Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin. 如果有必要的话，用剪刀剪掉烧伤部位的衣服，除非你看到衣服粘在烧伤的皮肤上。 (3)I think that the problem is quite challenging. 我认为这个问题相当有挑战性。 (4)The school organizes various activities to keep students learning even during holidays. 学校组织各种各样的活动，即使在假期也能让学生持续学习。 1．动词-ing形式作表语时，表示主语的性质、特征或具体内容。常见的有moving、interesting、encouraging、exciting、inspiring、boring、surprising、disappointing、puzzling、amusing、astonishing等。 2．动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时，表示一个正在进行的主动动作或一种状态，且作宾语补足语的动词-ing形式与其前的宾语存在逻辑上的主动关系。下列动词后可跟动词-ing形式作宾语补足语： (1)表示感觉和心理状态的动词，即“感官动词(短语)”，常见的有see、hear、feel、smell、find、notice、observe、look at、listen to等。 (2)表示“让、使”等具有命令意义的动词，即“使役动词”，常见的有have、let、keep、get、leave、make等。 感官动词后的动词-ing形式和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别：动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时，表示动作正在进行；不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语时，表示动作已经发生，即动作的全过程已经结束。 四、动词-ing形式作定语和状语 (1)(教材P50)Burns are divided into three types, depending on the depth of skin damage. 根据皮肤损伤的深度，烧伤分为三类。 (2)(教材P51) Place burns under cool running water, especially within the first ten minutes. 将烧伤部位放在流动的冷水下冲洗，尤其在烧伤后的前十分钟。 (3)Chinese tea culture has a long history dating from more than 1，000 years ago. 中国茶文化源远流长，可以追溯到1 000多年前。 (4)David lowered his head and sat on the ground quietly, reflecting on what I said to him just now. 大卫低着头，静静地坐在地上，思索着我刚才对他说的话。 (5)Time permitting, I do hope you will attend this year's music festival. 如果时间允许，我真的希望你能参加今年的音乐节。 1．动词-ing形式既可作前置定语，又可作后置定语。作前置定语时，表示被修饰词的性质、特征、某种用途或者正在进行的动作；作后置定语时，和被修饰词之间存在逻辑上的主动关系，表示被修饰词所进行的动作，相当于一个定语从句，可以与that、which、who等引导的定语从句互换。 2．动词-ing形式作状语时，表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随、结果、让步等；动词-ing形式的逻辑主语就是主句的主语，并且与逻辑主语之间是主动关系。 (1)动词-ing形式作状语时，其逻辑主语必须和主句的主语一致；如果不一致，应用独立主格结构，即在前面加上它的逻辑主语； (2)固定的动词-ing形式作状语。常见的固定的动词-ing形式有generally speaking、 judging from...、 considering...、 supposing...等，它们的逻辑主语和句子的主语不一致。这类词或短语可以作为句子的状语，也可以作为一个插入语。 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)They talk to the flood of international tourists and to visiting(visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. 2．Being__invited(invite) to the party was a great honour to the family. 3．Having__studied(study) his lessons very hard，he passed the exam. 4．The topic being__discussed(discuss) now has drawn some experts' attention. 5．Wearing a mask is(be) equally effective or more effective than distancing. 6．What he did was disappointing(disappoint), which disappointed his father much. 7．When we entered the room, we heard the telephone ringing(ring). 8．Judging(judge) from his face on which there was a confident smile, we knew that he didn't lose heart. 9．She likes spending(spend) much money on clothes for herself. 10．It is fun learning(learn) new languages because it opens up opportunities to communicate with people from different cultures. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．掌握英语意味着我们可以通过一个新窗口看世界。 Mastering__English__means__that__we__can__see__the__world through a new window. 2．当今，英语作为一门国际语言，充当了连接各国的桥梁的角色。 As an international language, English acts as a bridge linking__all__countries__together nowadays. 3．他为自己的粗鲁行为向老师道歉后，承诺以后不再犯同样的错误。 Having__apologized__to__his__teacher__for__his__rude__manners,__he made a promise that he wouldn't make the same mistake. 4．我花了整整一年仔细复习了所有的科目，直到我认为我已经完全准备好了。 I spent a whole year (in)__going__over__all__the__subjects__carefully until I thought I was fully prepared. 5．从这个故事判断，只有肤浅的人才会以貌取人。 Judging__from__the__story,__it is only shallow people who judge a person by his appearance. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $