Unit 1 Science and Scientists 默写练习1-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册教用Word(人教版)

本高中英语讲义聚焦“科学与科学家”主题的语言基础，系统梳理核心词汇（如contradictory, blame）、拓展词汇（如severe→severely的词性转换）、核心短语（如die from, subscribe to）及重点句型（until引导时间状语从句、so...that...、where引导定语从句等），构建从基础积累到语境应用的递进学习支架。 通过“语境运用”模块的单句语法填空与完成句子练习，强化语言知识的实际应用，提升语言能力。重点句型解析结合定语从句、固定结构（如have sth. done），培养语法思维与逻辑分析能力，体现思维品质。课中辅助教师系统授课，课后助力学生通过词汇默写、句型仿写查漏补缺，巩固学习效果。

Unit 1　SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS 默写练习(一)　Reading and Thinking 一、核心词汇写对 1．contradictory adj.　相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的 2．household n. 一家人；家庭；同住一所(套)房子的人 3．blame vt. 把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n. 责备；指责 4．handle n. 把手；拉手；柄 vt. 处理；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物、工具等) 5．link n. 联系；纽带 vt. 把……连接起来；相关联 6．raw adj. 未煮的；生的；未经 处理的；原始的 7．substantial adj. 大量的；价值巨 大的；重大的 8．decrease n. 减少；降低；减少量 vt.& vi. (使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低 9．statistic n.[pl.-s] 统计数字；统计资料；统计学 10．microscope n. 显微镜 二、拓展词汇记牢 1．severe adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的→severely adv.严重地；严厉地 2．frustrated adj.懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的→frustrate vt.使沮丧；挫败；阻止→frustration n．懊恼；挫折→frustrating adj.令人懊恼的；令人沮丧的 3．infection n．感染；传染→infect vt.使感染；传染→infectious adj.传染性的；感染的(尤指通过呼吸) 4．subscribe vi.认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费)→subscription n．订购；订阅(费)；用户费；定期捐款 5．proof n.证据；证明；检验→prove v．证明；证明是 6．multiple adj.数量多的；多种多样的→multiply v．乘以；迅速增加；繁殖 7．suspect vt.& vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任 n．犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象→suspicion n．怀疑；嫌疑→suspicious adj.怀疑的；可疑的 8．intervention n．介入；出面；干涉→intervene v．介入；出面；插话 9．pure adj.干净的；纯的；纯粹的→purify v．净化→purely adv.仅仅；完全→purity n．纯净；纯洁 10．transform vt.使改观；使改变形态 vi.改变；转变→transformation n．变化；转变；改观 1．die__from　　　　　　 　死于 2．once__and__for__all 最终地；彻底地 3．in__general 通常；一般而言 4．subscribe__to 同意；赞同；订阅 5．be__determined__to__do__sth. 下定决心做某事 6．be__to__blame 应负责任 7．as__a__result__of 由于 8．a__link__between...and... ……与……之间的联系 9．be__likely__to__do__sth. 有可能做某事 10．thanks__to 幸亏；由于 1．until引导时间状语从句 Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world, until__a__British__doctor,__John__Snow,__showed__how__it__could__be__overcome． 在英国医生约翰·斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。 2．because引导原因状语从句 As a young doctor, John Snow became frustrated because__no__one__knew__how__to__prevent__or__treat__cholera． 由于无人知道如何预防或治疗霍乱，年轻的约翰·斯诺医生感到沮丧。 3．“so...that...”意为“如此……以至于……” He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so__severe__that__more__than__500__people__died__in__ten__days． 他发现霍乱在两条特定的街道上暴发得非常严重，以至于10天内就有500多人死亡。 4．where引导定语从句 Snow began by marking on a map the exact places where__all__those__who__died__had__lived． 斯诺开始在地图上标出那些死去的人曾经居住过的地方的确切位置。 5．“it seems/seemed that...”意为“似乎/好像……” It__seemed__that__the__woman__liked__the__water__from__the__pump__so__much that she had it delivered to her house every day. 这名妇女似乎非常喜欢从水泵抽上来的水，以至于每天都让人把那里的水运到家里来。 6．“have sth.done”意为“让/请某人做某事、使某事被做” Accordingly, he had__the__handle__of__the__pump__removed so that it could not be used. 于是，他让人拆掉了水泵的把手，这样水泵就不能用了。 7．无生命名词作主语 Through Snow's tireless efforts, water companies began to sell clean water, and the__threat__of__cholera__around__the__world__saw__a__substantial__decrease． 经过斯诺的不懈努力，供水公司开始销售洁净的水，世界各地的霍乱威胁大幅度降低。 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Thanks to her skilful handling of the affair, the problem was averted. 2．In general, adults need about eight hours of sleep a day to stay healthy and happy. 3．My main reason for subscribing to New Scientist is to keep track of advances in science. 4．There is no doubt that the terrible earthquake was to__blame(blame) for such severe ruins. 5．As is known to us, the old Silk Road linked China to/with the West in ancient times. 6．Furthermore, the number of the students in our school playing computer games has decreased by 30%. 7．The traffic was unbearable, and it was frustrating(frustrate) to know that I would be late for the important meeting. 8．This country's plan to transform this city into a free trade port is expected to spur local consumption and enhance competitiveness of dutyfree products. 9．I was overcome with sadness because I was suspected of stealing his money. 10．Youth is so popular an English newspaper that I've been a regular reader for ten years. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．很多人认为炎热的天气是缺水的原因之一。 Many people think the hot weather is__partly__to__blame__for__the__water__shortage． 2．由于人类活动，一些稀有动物的数量正在减少。 Because of human activities, the__number__of__some__rare__animals__is__decreasing/on__the__decrease． 3．直到参加这次采摘活动，我才意识到用自己的双手工作是多么重要。(until引导时间状语从句；强调句型) It__wasn't__until__I__took__part__in__the__picking__activity__that I realised how important working with my own hands was. 4．戴维是如此害怕，以至于他站在那里一动不动。(so...that...; 倒装结构) So__frightened__was__David__that he stood rooted to the spot. 5．参加各种各样的活动可以开阔你的视野。(have sth.done) Taking part in various activities can have__your__horizons__broadened． 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $