Unit1 博览万象·融会中西之文化通览-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册教用Word(人教版)

本高中英语讲义围绕文化交流与互鉴、科技进展及文学经典三大主题，构建“词汇积累-语法应用-语篇理解-文学赏析”的学习支架，涵盖高频词汇、语法填空、科技文阅读及《弗兰肯斯坦》节选等内容，系统衔接语言知识与文本解读能力。 资料以文化意识与语言能力培养为核心，通过中法文化交流语法填空（如动词时态“was shown”）强化语言运用，科技文（眼组织模型）的专业词汇（“conjunctiva”）与实验描述提升思维品质，文学选段细节分析（怪物外貌描写）涵养审美能力。课中助力词汇语法结合教学，课后可通过词汇表与长难句解析查漏补缺，促进深度学习。

文化交流与互鉴 【高频词汇】 1．diplomatic adj.　　　　 外交的 2．prevailing adj. 盛行的；流行的 3．profound adj. 深远的 4．curiosity n. 好奇心 5．heritage n. 遗产 6．cuisine n. 烹饪，菜肴 7．diversity n. 多样性 8．immersion n. 沉浸，融入 9．infrastructure n. 基础设施 10．perception n. 看法，认知 11．interact v. 互动，交流 12．document v. 记录，记载 13．appreciate v. 欣赏，感激 14．bridge v. 消除(隔阂)，弥合 15．inspire v. 激励，鼓舞 【话题佳句】 1．(教材P38)During their first day, as is typical of Vancouver, it rained. Despite the weather, they were able to take a boat ride out into the bay, and later visit an island. 第一天，温哥华一如往常，细雨蒙蒙。尽管天气不佳，她们仍然泛舟驶入海湾，接着游览了一座岛屿。 2．The GPNP is designed to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets for future generations.” GPNP所体现的指导原则为：保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产。 At the exhibition “The Forbidden City and the Palace of Versailles—Exchanges Between China and France in the 17th and 18th Centuries，” a letter written by the French King Louis  which failed to reach the Forbidden City due to various reasons 1.was__shown(show) along with 200 other exhibits. Together, they unveiled a period of a two-way pursuit between China and France 2.despite geographical distance and cultural differences. At that time, Chinese elements could be spotted everywhere in the Palace of Versailles. Louis ， a 3.passionate(passion) lover of Chinese culture, built a house decorated with porcelain. As eastern culture spread to the west, works with French authors 4.showcasing(showcase) various aspects of China mushroomed in France. Of course, no communication could have been possible with only efforts from one side. Back in the 17th century, a batch of mathematicians made 5.it to China, and were received by Emperor Kangxi. They brought China state-of-the-art knowledge and scientific facilities from the west, two of 6.whom even became teachers of Emperor Kangxi, teaching him geometry and other disciplines. Preserved in the Palace Museum for over 300 years, a little pocket watch is a witness to the efforts the two imperial rulers made 7.to__extend(extend) friendship between each other. More than three centuries ago, interactions were a tale worth 8.telling(tell); 60 years ago, the People's Republic of China and the Republic of France decided to establish diplomatic, a move that embodied insightful wisdom 9.and initiated a new chapter. During the past decades, cooperation in economy and trade, as well as in other fields, 10.has__been(be) the dominate trend, which set examples for international exchanges and mutual learning. Scientists Develop a “Crying” Model of Human Eye Tissue Adapted from how it works Scientists have created the first 3D model of the human conjunctiva (结膜)—the clear protective outer layer of the eye—in the lab, and it even produces its own tears. The researchers say the new model could be used to study diseases that affect millions of people. To make the new model, the researchers collected stem cells from conjunctiva tissue provided by organ donors and patients who were undergoing eye surgery. Using chemicals called growth factors, the scientists coaxed the cells into 3D Structures that mimicked the human conjunctiva. The new model contained all the cells normally found in the conjunctiva, including fluid-producing cells, which enable the tissue to make fluid-rich tears that protect and moisten the surface of the eye. “By using the model, we discovered that the conjunctiva makes anti-microbial components and therefore contributes to tear production in more ways than by simply making fluid，” said Marie Bannier-Hélaouët from the Hubrecht Institute in the Netherlands. In addition to revealing these anti-microbial properties of the cells, the model helped the scientists identify tuft cells (簇细胞), a type of cell not previously known to be in the conjunctiva, which have been linked to allergies. Researchers experimented with the new model by applying infectious chemicals to the models to see what would happen during an allergic reaction. “The model started to produce completely different tears: there were more anti-microbial components，” Bannier-Hélaouët said. The newly discovered tuft cells also became more abundant, suggesting they may influence how our eyes respond to allergies. Researchers intend the model to be used to test new drugs to treat diseases of the conjunctiva, including dry eye, which is caused by a poor quantity or quality of tears, pink eye, or allergies. The researchers hope to one day use this approach to make replacement conjunctivae for people with eye burns, cancer or genetic disorders. 1．tissue n．(动物或植物的细胞)组织 2．protective adj.保护的；防护的 3．layer n．层；层次 4．affect v．影响；(疾病)侵袭，感染 5．stem cell 干细胞 6．donor n．捐赠者 7．undergo v．经历；经受(变化、不快的事等) 8．coax (熟词生义) v．小心地摆弄 9．mimic v．模仿；模拟 10．contain v．包含；含有 11．fluid n．流体；液体 12．moisten v．弄湿；使湿润 13．anti-microbial adj.抗菌的；抗微生物的 14．component n．组成部分；成分 15．property n．特性；性质 16．allergy n．过敏反应；过敏症 17．experiment v．做试验；进行实验 18．abundant adj.大量的 19．pink eye 红眼病(一种眼部传染病)　 答案：1.conjunctiva　2.made　3.benefits　4.application Scientists created a 3D model of the human 1.conjunctiva. It's made from 2.stem__cells. And it contributed to the new findings like anti-microbial components and tuft cells. In the future, the new model is expected to be used to 3.treat eye diseases or injuries. 1.Using chemicals called growth factors, the scientists coaxed the cells into 3D Structures that mimicked the human conjunctiva. [分析]　句中“Using chemicals called growth factors”为v.-ing作状语，其中“called growth factors”为v.-ed作定语；句中that引导限制性定语从句。 [翻译]　科学家们利用一种叫做生长因子的化学物质，将这些细胞诱导成模仿人类结膜的3D结构。 2.The new model contained all the cells normally found in the conjunctiva, including fluid-producing cells, which enable the tissue to make fluid-rich tears that protect and moisten the surface of the eye. [分析]　句中“normally found in the conjunctiva”为v.-ed作定语；句中which引导非限制性定语从句。 [翻译]　这个新模型包含了通常能在结膜中发现的所有细胞，包括产液细胞，它使细胞组织产生丰富的泪液，保护和滋润眼睛表面。 3.In addition to revealing these anti-microbial properties of the cells, the model helped the scientists identify tuft cells, a type of cell not previously known to be in the conjunctiva, which have been linked to allergies. [分析]　句中“a type of cell not previously known to be in the conjunctiva”为同位语，其中“not previously known...conjunctiva”为v.-ed作定语；which引导非限制性定语从句。 [翻译]　除了揭示细胞的这些抗微生物特性外，该模型还帮助科学家识别出与过敏有关的簇状细胞，人们此前并不知道结膜中存在该细胞。 The Creation Excerpt from Frankenstein 热衷于生命起源的生物学家弗兰肯斯坦制造出一个巨大的怪物，在怪物终于获得生命睁开双眼时，弗兰肯斯坦却被他的狰狞面目吓得落荒而逃，接踵而至的更是一系列诡异的悬疑命案。 When I found so astonishing① a power placed② within my hands, I hope my present attempts would at least lay foundations for③ future success. I resolved to④ make the being⑤ of a gigantic (巨大的) build⑥ in my laboratory, that is to say, about eight feet in height, and proportionably (按比例地) large. To make it, I bought or stole all the pieces of human body that I needed, and slowly and carefully, I put them all together. The thought that⑦ I might renew⑧ a life supported my spirit. I pursued⑨ my undertaking⑩ with great enthusiasm⑪. The summer months passed and then came the harvest season⑫. Never did the fields have⑬ a more plentiful harvest, but my eyes were insensible (麻木的) to the charms of nature. My cheek had grown pale and I neglected⑭ my friends and families. It was on a dull⑮ night of November that⑯ my creation was born. I joined the body to the wires⑰ from my machine. I was sure that my machine could use electricity⑱ from lightning (闪电) to give life to the body. I watched and waited. Two days later I saw dark clouds in the sky, and I knew that a storm was coming. At about one o'clock in the morning the lightning came. My machine began to do its work immediately, and the electricity from the lightning travelled⑲ down to my creature. Would it work? At first nothing happened. But after a few minutes I saw the creature's body begin to move. However, when I saw the dull yellow eyes of the creature open and it breathe hard⑳， I trembled㉑ excessively㉒. I had wanted to make a beautiful man, but the face of the creature was horrible. Its skin was thin and yellow, which㉓ could scarcely㉔ cover the work of muscles and arteries (动脉) beneath. Its eyes were as yellow as㉕ its skin. Its long black hair and white teeth were almost beautiful, which formed a more horrible contrast㉖. Its legs and arms were the right shape, but they were huge. I had to use big pieces because it was too difficult to join small pieces together. For a year I had worked to make this creature, but now it looked terrible and frightening. The beauty of the dream vanished㉗ and the breathless horror and disgust㉘ filled my hearts. Slowly, terribly, the body came alive㉙. His arms and legs began to move, and slowly he sat up㉚. The dead body had been an ugly thing, but alive. He was much more horrible. Suddenly I wanted to escape from㉛ him. I ran out of㉜ the laboratory, and locked the door. I was filled with㉝ fear. For hours I walked up and down in my flat. At last I lay down on my bed, and fell asleep. But my sleep was full of terrible dreams, and I woke up suddenly. The horrible thing that㉞ I had created was standing by㉟ my bed. His yellow eyes were looking at me; his mouth opened and he made strange sounds at me. On his ①astonishing adj. 令人吃惊的 ②此处为“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。 ③lay foundations for... 为……奠定基础 ④resolve to do sth.决定做某事 ⑤being n. 存在；生物 ⑥build [熟词生义] n．体格 ⑦此处为that引导同位语从句。 ⑧renew v．重新开始；更新 ⑨pursue v. 追求 ⑩undertaking n．事业；任务 ⑪enthusiasm n．热情 ⑫此处为完全倒装句。 ⑬此处为否定词置于句首引起的部分倒装。 ⑭neglect v．忽视；忽略 ⑮dull adj.沉闷的 ⑯此处为强调句。 ⑰wire n．电线 ⑱electricity n．电流 ⑲travel [熟词生义] v．传送 ⑳此处为“see＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。 ㉑tremble v．颤抖 ㉒excessively adv.过度地 ㉓此处为which引导非限制性定语从句，which在从句中作主语。 ㉔scarcely adv.几乎不 ㉕as...as...和……一样…… ㉖contrast n．对比 ㉗vanish v．消失 ㉘disgust n．厌恶 ㉙come alive 获得生机 ㉚sit up 坐起来 ㉛escape from... 逃离…… ㉜run out of 逃出 ㉝be filled with 充满 ㉞此处为that引导定语从句，that在从句中作宾语。 ㉟stand by 站在旁边 ㊱walk about 闲逛 ㊲此处为where引导宾语从句。 ㊳此处为when引导时间状语从句。 ㊴此处为感叹句。 ㊵still [熟词生义] adj.静止的 yellow face there was an awful (可怕的) smile. One of his huge hands reached towards me... Before he could touch me, I jumped off the bed and ran downstairs into the garden. I stayed there all night, but I could not think clearly. I was afraid. And when morning came, I went out into the town and began to walk about㊱. I did not notice where㊲ I was walking, but soon I came to the station. A train from Geneva had just arrived, and the passengers were leaving the station. One of them ran towards me when㊳ he saw me. It was my dear friend Henry Clerval. He was very pleased to see me. He took my hand and shook it warmly. “My dear Victor！” he said. “What a lucky chance that you are here at the station！㊴ Your father, and Elizabeth and the others, are very worried about you, because you have not visited them for a long time. They ask me to make sure that you are well. And I have very good news. My father has agreed to let me study at the university, so we shall be able to spend a lot of time together.” I was very happy to hear this news, and for a moment I forgot my fears. I took Henry back to my flat and asked him to wait outside while I went in to look. I was afraid that the creature was still there. But he had disappeared. At that time I did not think of other people, and what the creature could do to them. I took Henry into the flat and cooked a meal for us. But Henry noticed how thin I was, and that I was laughing too much and could not sit still㊵. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $