Unit1 Period 1 Reading and Thinking-课后巩固 多维提能-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册教用Word(人教版)

本讲义聚焦高中英语核心语言能力培养，从词形转换、动词形式变换等基础词汇训练，到固定搭配和句式结构（如so...that..., 倒装、强调句）的应用，再到主题阅读（科学探究、人物传记、气候问题等）的语篇理解，构建从词汇到语篇的递进式学习支架。 资料亮点在于融合教材主题探究（如富兰克林实验真实性探讨）培养批判性思维，通过屠呦呦事迹、敦煌数字化等语篇提升文化意识，题型涵盖阅读、完形、语法填空，课中辅助语法与阅读教学，课后帮助学生巩固词汇、句式，查漏补缺，全面提升语言运用能力与思维品质。

[学生用书P141(单独成册)] 维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换 1．Under no circumstances should you give in to frustrations(frustrate) because hardships make a man of excellence. 2．One theory is that the infection(infect) has been present in humans for a very long time. 3．There have been growing suspicions(suspect) about the safety of the new medication. 4．There are countries that make interventions(intervene) to keep their native language pure in order to defend their identity. 5．The digital transformation(transform) of our company has greatly improved our efficiency and market competitiveness. 6．He canceled his subscription(subscribe) to the journal because it became too expensive. 7．The extinction of this kind of animal is closely linked(link) to environmental pollution. 8．Blamed(blame) by all his friends, he insisted that he had done nothing wrong. 维度二　固定用法和搭配 1．The authorities no longer subscribe to the view that disabled people are unsuitable as teachers. 2．We all suspected her to__be(be) an actress, but no one knew her. 3．Don't always blame your own failure on others. Sometimes you yourself are to blame. 4．Human life on this planet has been transformed into a “global village”， with all the different countries linked in the chain of common interests. 5．In recent years, the population in this town has decreased to 100，000. 6．Our headteacher declined to deliver the speech himself, on account of a sore throat. 7．On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get there. 8．I will link this article to our project's website so that everyone can access it easily. 维度三　完成句子/一句多译 1．他的画如此生动，以至于他被公认为世界上最有天赋的画家之一。(so...that...) His paintings are__so__vivid__that__he__gains__recognition__as__one__of__the__most__gifted__painters in the world. 2．他总是把自己的错误归咎于他人，而不是自己承担责任。 He always blames__his__mistakes__on__others instead of taking responsibility himself. 3．强烈建议戒烟。因为大量的证据表明吸烟和肺病之间有联系。 Giving up smoking is strongly advised as a large amount of evidence shows that there__is__a__link__between__smoking__and__lung__disease． 4．我们最尊敬的人是我们的英语老师，他从不怀疑我们会实现自己的梦想。 (1)The person we respect most is our English teacher, who never suspects__that__we__can__achieve__our__dreams． (2)The person we respect most is our English teacher, who never suspects__us__of__achieving__our__dreams． 5．直到我们在一起待了几个星期，我才发现我们有很多共同点。 (1)Not__until__we__had__stayed__together__for__a__couple__of__weeks__did__I__find we had a lot in common.(倒装) (2)It__was__not__until__we__had__stayed__together__for__a__couple__of__weeks__that__I__found we had a lot in common.(强调句型) 维度四　融合教材·主题探究 【改编自外研必修三U3】 Benjamin Franklin's famous experiment with lightning has introduced generations of children to science. However, new research suggests that the story may be fiction instead of fact. The wellknown story is that the American Founding Father and scientist flew a kite during a storm in 1752.At that time, there was much interest in electricity. People wanted to know if lightning was really produced by electricity or something else. Franklin was one of them. He raised the kite with a piece of string tied to it. A metal key was attached to the string. A flash of lightning hit the kite, and electricity was conducted through the string to the key. Franklin then touched the key with his finger and got an electric shock. This, he said, proved that lightning was a form of electricity. However, neither the story nor the details of the experiment are entirely true. Although it has been proved that Franklin's experiment took place, more than one scientist has questioned what really happened. The detail about the string and the key is true. But scientists all agree that if Franklin had actually touched the key, he would certainly have died from the electric shock. Scientists often question accepted ideas because they want to establish the facts. Some have even questioned the story about the apple that fell on Newton's head and led him to come up with his theory of gravity. In fact, more than one account suggests that while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple, there is no proof that it hit him on the head. Admittedly, fiction is often more interesting than the truth. People have been more inspired by Franklin's spirit of scientific exploration than by the facts themselves. But in science, facts should be proved by experiments and research, and we should not always believe everything we read or hear—even if it is a great story. 1．What is the second paragraph mainly about? A．Franklin's opinion about science. B．The purpose and process of Franklin's experiment. C.People's different opinions on lightning. D．The role of the metal key. 2．What is the purpose of the story of Newton? A．To show the accepted story is true. B．To show Newton was brave to bear the hit of an apple. C．To show Newton was lucky to find the theory of gravity. D.To show the accepted story is questioned by the scientists. 3．Which of the following may the author agree with? A．To see is to believe. B．Every extremity is a fault. C．Books should be read with reservation. D．Imagination is the source of creation. 答案：1～3.BDC [学生用书P143(单独成册)] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·浙江六校联盟期中联考)Tu Youyou is a Chinese medical scientist, pharmaceutical (制药的) chemist, and educator best known for discovering artemisinin, also known as qinghaosu. The discovery of artemisinin and its treatment of malaria are regarded as a significant breakthrough of tropical medicine in the 20th century and health improvement for people of tropical developing countries in South Asia, Africa, and South America. For her work, Tu received the 2011 Lasker Award in Clinical Medicine and the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.The Nobel Committee puts Tu's work well by writing: “Malaria infects close to 200 million individuals yearly.Artemisinin is used in all malaria-ridden parts of the world.When used in combination treatment, it is estimated to reduce the death rate from malaria by more than 20% overall and by more than 30% in children.For Africa alone, this means that more than 100，000 lives are saved each year.” In China, Tu is known as a “sanwu” scientist.Tu has spent no time studying abroad, no membership with the Chinese Academy of Sciences and no doctoral degree.The Xinhua News Agency has commented on the significance of Tu's achievement, “Not only is Tu the first Chinese Nobel laureate (获奖者) in natural science, but she is also the first Nobel laureate who received all scientific training in China.The award she won made Chinese scientists gain tremendous confidence.” As part of the programme charged with finding a treatment for malaria, Tu was inspired by an ancient Chinese text which said qinghao was used to tackle intermittent fevers (间歇热) around 400 AD.In the herb Tu discovered a compound, now known as artemisinin, which proved an effective treatment for the infection.Tu herself volunteered to be the first human recipient. An article Tu Youyou published in Nature in 2011 ended up with an insightful sentence.“It is my dream that Chinese medicine will help us conquer life-threatening diseases worldwide, and people across the globe will enjoy its benefits for health promotion，” Tu wrote. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国科学家屠呦呦发现青蒿素的过程，以及她的成就和贡献。 1．According to the passage, what can we learn about Tu Youyou? A．She is best known as an educator. B．She received Lasker Award before Noble Prize. C．She received some scientific training abroad. D．She was forced to be the first recipient of the medicine. B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“For her work, Tu received the 2011 Lasker Award in Clinical Medicine and the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.”可知，屠呦呦先获得拉斯克临床医学奖，后获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。 2．What's the second paragraph mainly about? A．The importance of the Nobel Prize. B．The malaria's effects on human health. C．The achievements made by Tu Youyou. D.The people's suffering from infective diseases. C　解析：段落大意题。根据第二段中的“For her work...2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.”以及“For Africa alone, this means that more than 100，000 lives are saved each year.”可推知，本段主要介绍了屠呦呦取得的成就。 3．Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word in paragraph 4? A．End with.　　　　　 B．Fight with. C．Mix with. D．Deal with. D　解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，屠呦呦受到了一部中国古代文献的启发，该文献称青蒿在公元 400 年左右被用于治疗间歇热。由此可推知，屠呦呦的研究是为了寻找治疗疟疾的方法。因此，画线词“tackle”意为“处理、解决”。 4．What do the words Tu Youyou wrote in Nature show? A．Her passion for Chinese medicine. B．Her doubt about Chinese medicine. C．Her dream of getting prizes from Nature. D．Her hesitation in doing medical research. A　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，屠呦呦对中医充满了热情。 B (2025·泰安期中)A new study predicts nearly 75% of us will face extreme weather in 20 years.“In the best case, we predict that rapid changes will affect 1.5 billion people，” says physicist Bjorn Samset from Norway.This lower estimate would only be reached by reducing greenhouse gas emissions (排放) in a large degree—something that is yet to occur. Otherwise, climate scientist Carley Iles and her colleagues' modeling finds that if we continue on our current course, these dangerous changes will hit 70 percent of the Earth's population.Their modeling also suggests that much of what's to come is already locked in.Samset advises preparing for unexpected extreme events in the next 1-2 decades. We've already lived through examples of these extremes.Data from Europe's climate service Copernicus shows Earth just had its hottest Northern Hemisphere summer on record.The Southern Hemisphere has been experiencing a record-breaking warm winter too.This global temperature increase has brought with it fatal fires, floods, storms, and droughts that are destroying crops and leading to increasingly widespread hunger, creating favorable conditions for the spread of more diseases as well.“Like people living in a war zone with the constant sounds of bombs and guns, we are becoming deaf to what should be alarm bells，” says climate scientist Jennifer Francis. With extreme emissions cuts we can reduce some of these impacts, but this will cause some regions more immediate issues too.“While cleaning the air is critical for health reasons, air pollution has also masked some of the effects of global warming，” explains professor Laura Wilcox from England.“But not acting means these worsening weather extremes will likely impact most of us within the very near future.” “These conclusions emphasize the need for both continued mitigation (缓解) and adaptation to potentially unexpected changes over the next 20 years even under a low-emissions condition，” writes Iles. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了气候科学家预计，未来20年内全球将有近75%的人口面临极端天气，对人类健康和生活造成威胁，采取行动应对极端天气对地球的未来至关重要。 5．What can help to reduce the impact of extreme weather changes? A．Building more disaster prevention projects. B.Reducing greenhouse gas emissions to a great extent. C.Increasing the use of renewable energy sources. D.Improving early warning systems for extreme weather. B　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“This lower estimate...yet to occur.”可知，在很大程度上减少温室气体排放可以帮助减少极端天气变化的影响。 6．Why are people getting deaf to extreme weather? A.As a result of social and economic pressures. B．Because of the media's over-reporting of extreme weather. C．Because people have experienced so many weather extremes. D．Due to improved technology that can better predict extreme weather. C　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“We've already lived through examples of these extremes.”以及“Like people living in a war zone...what should be alarm bells”可推知，人们对极端天气充耳不闻是因为人们经历了太多的极端天气。 7．What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A．The side effects of emission cuts. B．The benefits of global cooperation. C．The serious situation of the future climate changes. D.Other measures to slow down climate change. C　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，作者在最后一段暗示了未来气候变化的严峻形势。 8．Which of the following can be the best title? A．What to Do with Disasters B．Preparing for Extreme Weather C．Measures to Reduce Emissions D．How to Fight against Extreme Events B　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了气候科学家预计，未来20年内全球将有近75%的人口面临极端天气，对人类健康和生活造成威胁，采取行动应对极端天气对地球的未来至关重要。因此，B项最适合作文章标题。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2025·广东部分重点高中期中)The evening before Father's Day, I couldn't sleep.At first, I thought my insomnia (失眠) was due to the __1__ and excitement about a match.But what kept me __2__ was the realization that this would be the last Father's Day before my kid __3__ college.I was preparing for empty nest life. In my household, the fridge door is the place holding the sports __4__ and the family calendar (记事本).Also stuck on it are important photos, awards and the __5__ report cards(学年成绩单).The calendar and schedule __6__ so much of my attention, so I never had the time to look __7__ at the photos of his childhood.But I began to examine the memorabilia (收藏品) by taking in the memories.I __8__ the golden memories. I never played or watched soccer before becoming a parent.In a word, I really __9__ soccer IQ.Yet, I became a soccer coach because soccer became my son's __10__ and I made efforts to __11__ his every game. Back then I assumed it was my __12__ to take part in my son's activities, but now I understood that I was __13__．After years of supporting, guiding, and loving my son, I finally __14__ that participating in my son's life on any level was not an obligation—it was a privilege (荣幸).Teenagers might not give us something we want or need on Father's Day.That's okay.They have already given us the best possible __15__ allowing us to feel what it's like to be their dad. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在父亲节前一晚的所思所感，特别是对孩子即将离家上大学、自己将面临“空巢”生活的心理准备过程，以及通过回顾孩子的成长历程和参与孩子活动所获得的感悟。 1．A.failure　 　　　　　B．expectation C．anxiety D．misunderstanding B　解析：根据空后的and excitement可推知，作者以为自己失眠是因为对一场比赛有所期待(expectation)和兴奋。 2．A.awake B．asleep C．ashamed D．alone A　解析：根据上文“At first, I thought my insomnia was due to the ______ and excitement about a match.”及语境可知，此处指作者明白自己在父亲节前夜一直醒着的(awake)原因了。 3．A.voted for B．accounted for C．cared for D．left for D　解析：根据下文“I was preparing for empty nest life.”可推知，作者的孩子即将离家前往(leave for)大学。 4．A.schedule B．ambition C．information D．talent A　解析：根据下文The calendar and schedule可知，作者家的冰箱门上都是运动日程表(schedule)和家庭记事本。 5．A.identical B．confusing C．strange D．excellent D　解析：根据上文important photos, awards以及下文“I ______ the golden memories.”可推知，冰箱门上贴着优秀的(excellent)成绩单，所以才会有很多美好的回忆。 6．A.occupied B．sheltered C．improved D．changed A　解析：根据下文“so I never had the time to look ______ at the photos of his childhood”可知，这些日程表和记事本占据(occupy)了作者太多的注意力，所以作者没有时间仔细(carefully)看孩子童年的照片。 7．A.differently B．smoothly C．quickly D．carefully D　解析：参见上题解析。 8．A.returned B．recalled C．sold D．shared B　解析：根据上文“But I began to examine the memorabilia by taking in the memories.”以及空后的the golden memories可推知，作者看着这些纪念品回想起(recall)很多美好的记忆。 9．A.predicted B．lacked C．pushed D．adjusted B　解析：根据上文“I never played or watched soccer before becoming a parent.”可知，在成为父亲之前，作者从未踢过或看过足球，所以作者说自己缺乏(lack)足球智商。 10．A.disappointment B．curiosity C．passion D．imagination C　解析：根据上文内容以及下文“I made efforts to ______ his every game”可推知，足球是作者儿子的酷爱(passion)，所以作者成为一名足球教练。 11．A.repeat B．select C．attend D．measure C　解析：根据下文“Back then I assumed it was my ______ to take part in my son's activities”可知，作者努力参加(attend)儿子的每一场比赛。 12．A.duty B．turn C．belief D．enjoyment A　解析：根据下文“After years of supporting...was not an obligation—it was a privilege.”可知，作者本以为参加儿子的活动是自己的责任(duty)。 13．A.confident B．wrong C．brilliant D．realistic B　解析：根据下文“After years of supporting...was not an obligation—it was a privilege.”可知，多年后的今天，作者明白了能够参与儿子的生活是一种荣幸，而作者本以为那是自己作为父亲的责任，因此，作者原本的想法是错的(wrong)。 14．A.inquired B．allowed C．realized D．reminded C　解析：根据语境可知，这是作者过了这些年之后才意识到(realize)的事。 15．A.patience B．ability C．present D．plan C　解析：根据上文“Teenagers might not give us something we want or need on Father's Day.”可知，作者认为青少年或许不会在父亲节送给父亲想要或需要的东西。由此可推知，作者认为成为孩子的父亲就是孩子给予的最好的礼物(present)。 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2025·太原五中高二月考)The city of Dunhuang 1.____________(locate) in an oasis (绿洲) in Mogao Caves, which are well-known for 2.____________(they) statues and wall paintings. 3.____________ one of China's oldest treasure house of archaeological relics (遗迹), Dunhuang also witnessed cultural exchanges along the Silk Road. But over the centuries, wall paintings as well as the statues, 4.____________ were made from clay (黏土) on wood, have faced challenges due to natural damage and human activities.5.____________(protect) the cultural relics, China has been working on digitizing Dunhuang, transforming the buildings into a digital version. On May 1，2016, the Digital Dunhuang resource database was released, 6.____________(provide) clear images, virtual tours of the caves and so on.By the end of 2021, the “digital Dunhuang project” 7.____________(complete) the digital collection of 268 grottoes, the image processing of 164 grottoes, and the 3D reconstruction of many cultural relics. Digital technology has enabled us to visit Dunhuang online in 8.____________ innovative way.It has also made the cultural relics of Dunhuang 9.____________(access) to the whole world.Nowadays “Digital Dunhuang” is visited by people who show great 10.____________(curious) about Chinese cultural heritage in different countries and regions. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍近年来敦煌市一直致力于保护珍贵的壁画和雕像，推行数字化工程，并取得了重大的成就。 1．is located　解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语The city of Dunhuang为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用单数；且be located in为固定搭配，意为“坐落于……”。　 2．their　解析：考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处作定语修饰statues and wall paintings，应用形容词性物主代词。 3．As　解析：考查介词。分析句子结构并根据句意可知，空处应用as表示“作为”，位于句首，首字母大写。 4．which　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词wall paintings as well as the statues，先行词为物，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which引导从句。 5．To protect　解析：考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。位于句首，首字母大写。 6．providing　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，the Digital Dunhuang resource database与provide之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语。 7．had completed　解析：考查动词的时态。根据时间状语By the end of 2021可知，空处表示的动作在2021年的年底之前已经完成，应用过去完成时。 8．an　解析：考查冠词。分析句子结构并根据句意可知，空处表示泛指，且innovative的发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。 9．accessible　解析：考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用形容词作宾语补足语。 10．curiosity　解析：考查名词。空处被great修饰，作show的宾语，应用名词形式。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $