Unit 1 Cultural Heritage单元话题完形填空练习-2025-2026学年高一英语人教版必修第二册

Unit 1 Cultural Heritage 单元话题完形填空 Unit 1 Cultural Heritage单元话题：文化遗迹 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 Heritage Education China’s “Cultural and Natural Heritage Day” 1 on the second Saturday of June every year. Many celebrations are 2 on the day. There is no doubt that different kinds of celebrating 3 across the country will arouse (唤醒) public 4 of the importance of cultural heritage protection and 5 the young people to love the fine traditional culture of the motherland. China faces a heavy task to protect and rescue its cultural 6 . We need to consider 7 the harm of the lack of awareness about cultural heritage protection. Thus, heritage 8 is one of our main approaches (方法). People cannot properly value cultural heritage if they do not know why it is 9 or how to protect it. Over the past several years, the protection centre has 10 over a hundred educational seminars (研究会) to different groups, such as schools, government offices, 11 the general public. Many people have attended the seminars. Typically, each seminar 12 two to three hours and 13 of an informative presentation, followed by a longer question-and-answer session and discussion. Each attender 14 limited knowledge of cultural heritage considered it to be just the Forbidden City and the Great Wall. People often think that the duty only 15 to the government. So “Cultural and Natural Heritage Day” will be a welcome opportunity to educate people on world heritage protection. 1．A．falls B．revises C．applies D．prevents 2．A．updated B．suggested C．protested D．held 3．A．accesses B．adventures C．affairs D．activities 4．A．determination B．promotions C．awareness D．professions 5．A．inspire B．persuade C．limit D．identify 6．A．proposals B．discoveries C．wonders D．relics 7．A．creatively B．seriously C．extremely D．anxiously 8．A．civilization B．information C．education D．contribution 9．A．important B．awkward C．official D．confusing 10．A．insisted B．presented C．designed D．exchanged 11．A．as long as B．as good as C．as well as D．as much as 12．A．demands B．prefers C．lasts D．stresses 13．A．organizes B．consists C．forms D．becomes 14．A．in B．of C．for D．with 15．A．addicts B．belongs C．refers D．devotes 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．C 12．C 13．B 14．D 15．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国文化遗产日当天会举办各种各样的庆祝活动唤起文化遗产保护重要性的公众意识，它将是一个很受欢迎的向公众宣传世界遗产保护的机会。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：中国的“文化和自然遗产日”恰逢每年6月的第二个星期六。A. falls落下；B. revises修改；C. applies申请；D. prevents阻止。由下文“on the second Saturday of June every year”可知，此处在说明中国的“文化和自然遗产日”是发生在哪一天，fall on (（节日等）恰逢)。故选A项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一天举行了许多庆祝活动。A. updated更新；B. suggested建议；C. protested抗议；D. held举办。由上文“Many celebrations”可知，在中国的“文化和自然遗产日”，会举办许多庆祝活动。故选D项。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，全国各地的各种庆祝活动将唤起公众对文化遗产保护重要性的认识，激励年轻人热爱祖国的优秀传统文化。A. accesses通道；B. adventures冒险；C. affairs事件；D. activities活动。由上文“Many celebrations”和下文“the protection centre has 　　10　　 over a hundred educational seminars (研究会) to different groups, such as schools, government offices (保护中心为学校、政府办公室以及公众等不同群体……100多场教育研讨会)”可知，此处指有关中国的“文化和自然遗产日”的各种庆祝活动。故选D项。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，全国各地的各种庆祝活动将唤起公众对文化遗产保护重要性的认识，激励年轻人热爱祖国的优秀传统文化。A. determination决心；B. promotions推广；C. awareness意识；D. professions职业。由下文“the importance of cultural heritage protection”和“the harm of the lack of awareness about cultural heritage protection (缺乏文化遗产保护意识的危害)”可知，此处指通过各种庆祝活动去唤起公众对文化遗产保护重要性的认识。故选C项。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，全国各地的各种庆祝活动将唤起公众对文化遗产保护重要性的认识，激励年轻人热爱祖国的优秀传统文化。A. inspire激励、鼓舞；B. persuade说服；C. limit限制；D. identify识别。由标题“Heritage Education (遗产教育)”和下文“the young people to love the fine traditional culture of the motherland”可知，通过各种形式的遗产教育去激励年轻人热爱祖国的优秀传统文化。故选A项。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：中国面临着保护和抢救文物的艰巨任务。A. proposals提议；B. discoveries发现；C. wonders奇迹；D. relics遗迹、遗物。由下文“the harm of the lack of awareness about cultural heritage protection (缺乏文化遗产保护意识的危害)”可知，此处指这个艰巨的任务是保护和抢救文物。故选D项。 7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们需要认真考虑缺乏文化遗产保护意识的危害。A. creatively有创作力地；B. seriously认真地；C. extremely极其；D. anxiously焦急地。由上文“China faces a heavy task to protect and rescue its cultural 　　6　　. (中国面临着保护和抢救文物的艰巨任务)”可知，中国保护和抢救文物的任务很艰巨，因此我们需要认真考虑缺乏文化遗产保护意识的危害。故选B项。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，遗产教育是我们的主要途径之一。A. civilization文明；B. information信息；C. education教育；D. contribution贡献。呼应标题“Heritage Education (遗产教育)”讲面对中国面临着保护和抢救文物的艰巨任务，其解决方法之一进行遗产教育。故选C项。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果人们不知道为什么文化遗产很重要，也不知道如何保护它，他们就无法正确地珍惜文化遗产。A. important重要的；B. awkward尴尬的；C. official官方的；D. confusing令人困惑的。由上文“People cannot properly value cultural heritage”可知，人们无法正确地珍惜文化遗产的原因之一是因为人们不知道为什么文化遗产很重要。故选A项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的几年里，保护中心为学校、政府办公室以及公众等不同群体举办了100多场教育研讨会。A. insisted坚持；B. presented展现、上演；C. designed设计；D. exchanged交换。由下文“Many people have attended the seminars. (许多人参加了研讨会)”可知，保护中心为不同群体展现了100多场教育研讨会，进行遗产教育。故选B项。 11．考查固定短语辨析。句意：在过去的几年里，保护中心为学校、政府办公室以及公众等不同群体举办了100多场教育研讨会。A. as long as只要；B. as good as和……一样好；C. as well as也、和；D. as much as和……一样多。由本处“schools, government offices, 　　11　　 the general public”可知，空前后是并列关系，用as well as。故选C项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通常，每次研讨会持续两到三个小时，包括一次内容丰富的演讲，然后是更长的问答环节和讨论。A. demands要求；B. prefers更喜欢；C. lasts持续；D. stresses强调。由下文“two to three hours”可知，此处指研讨会持续的时间。故选C项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通常，每次研讨会持续两到三个小时，包括一次内容丰富的演讲，然后是更长的问答环节和讨论。A. organizes组织；B. consists由……组成；C. forms形成；D. becomes成为。由下文“an informative presentation, followed by a longer question-and-answer session and discussion”可知，此处指研讨会包含哪些活动，由哪些活动组成。故选B项。 14．考查介词词义辨析。句意：每位对文化遗产了解有限的与会者都认为它只是紫禁城和长城。A. in在……里；B. of……的；C. for为了；D. with带有。由本处“Each attender 　　14　　 limited knowledge of cultural heritage”可知，此处指参加研讨会的成员的相关情况，他们对文化遗产了解有限。故选D项。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们往往认为责任只属于政府。A. addicts使沉溺；B. belongs属于；C. refers参考；D. devotes致力于。由下文“So “Cultural and Natural Heritage Day” will be a welcome opportunity to educate people on world heritage protection. (因此，“文化和自然遗产日”将是一个教育人们保护世界遗产的好机会)”可知，该节日将教育人们保护世界遗产，说明之前人们认为保护文化遗产的责任只属于政府。故选B项。 I was raised in a village where people lived in harmony with the natural environment. Throughout the year we would have numerous 1 where all the villagers would 2 and celebrate. The entire village was like one big 3 . However, within less than a decade my village was no longer the 4 village that I grew up in. Due to rapid modernization, everything 5 . The rich cultural traditions that once held the village together were 6 . Everyone in the village was 7 in making money and had no time to participate in traditional celebrations. No one favored such a change, but they somehow 8 it as they felt that it was unavoidable. It made me feel 9 that some ancient traditions had not existed, so I 10 I had to do something. I 11 the Cultural Heritage Studies Program, which enabled me to gain a better understanding of cultural heritage 12 . Then I involved myself in protecting cultural heritage sites in my hometown. With the knowledge I 13 in the Cultural Heritage Studies Program, I was trying my best to help make the process of modernization run more 14 for cultural heritage sites with heritage protection as a focus point. I would say the success of the preservation work is the most 15 aspect of my job. 1．A．competitions B．festivals C．challenges D．choices 2．A．volunteer B．travel C．return D．gather 3．A．family B．city C．museum D．theater 4．A．real B．typical C．same D．independent 5．A．mattered B．changed C．improved D．continued 6．A．growing B．spreading C．disappearing D．working 7．A．fortunate B．successful C．expert D．occupied 8．A．accepted B．enjoyed C．believed D．noticed 9．A．confident B．excited C．guilty D．bad 10．A．pretended B．resolved C．forgot D．doubted 11．A．looked back on B．got rid of C．signed up for D．put up with 12．A．donation B．education C．preservation D．observation 13．A．acquired B．applied C．offered D．showed 14．A．privately B．smoothly C．rapidly D．normally 15．A．interesting B．boring C．demanding D．rewarding 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．D 10．B 11．C 12．C 13．A 14．B 15．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，作者描述了自己长大的村庄发生的变化以及决心保护家乡遗产的故事。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一年中，我们会有许多节日，所有的村民都会聚集在一起庆祝。A. competitions比赛；B. festivals节日；C. challenges挑战；D. choices选择。根据下文的“celebrate”可知，此处指有很多节日，故选B。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. volunteer自愿做；B. travel旅行；C. return返回；D. gather聚集。结合下文“The rich cultural traditions that once held the village together…(曾经使这个村庄团结在一起的丰富的文化传统……)”可知，整个村子聚集团结在一起庆祝节日，故选D。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：整个村子就像一个大家庭。A. family家庭；B. city城市；C. museum博物馆；D. theater剧院。结合语境可知，整个村子聚在一起，就像一个大家庭，故选A。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，在不到十年的时间里，我的村庄不再是我长大的那个村庄了。A. real真实的；B. typical典型的；C. same相同的；D. independent独立的。根据下文提到村庄发生的变化可知，现在的村庄和以前作者长大的那个村庄不一样了，故选C。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于快速的现代化，一切都变了。A. mattered要紧，有关系；B. changed改变；C. improved提高，改善；D. continued继续。根据下文“No one favored such a change”可知，村庄发生了变化，故选B。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：曾经使这个村庄团结在一起的丰富的文化传统正在消失。A. growing成长；B. spreading传播；C. disappearing消失；D. working工作，起作用。结合语境及下一段中“some ancient traditions had stopped to exist”可知，一些文化传统正在消失，故选C。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：村里的每个人都忙于赚钱，没有时间参加传统的庆祝活动。A. fortunate幸运的；B. successful成功的；C. expert专家的，内行的；D. occupied忙于。根据“had no time to participate in traditional celebrations”可知，每个人都忙于赚钱，没有时间参加传统的庆祝活动，故选D。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有人赞成这样的改变，但是大家在某种程度上都接受了，因为他们觉得这是不可避免的。A. accepted接受；B. enjoyed喜欢，享受；C. believed相信；D. noticed注意到。根据“as they felt that it was unavoidable”可知，因为无法避免，所以大家在某种程度上接受了村庄发生的变化，故选A。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一些古老的传统已经不复存在，这让我感到很遗憾，所以我决定我必须做点什么。A. confident自信的；B. excited兴奋的；C. guilty内疚的；D. bad坏的，感到遗憾。根据下一段中“Then I involved myself in protecting cultural heritage sites in my hometown.(然后我参与了保护家乡的文化遗产)”可知，作者要保护家乡的遗产，故对于古老的传统不复存在应是感到遗憾，故选D。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. pretended假装；B. resolved决心，决定；C. forgot忘记；D. doubted怀疑。下文“I ___11___ the Cultural Heritage Studies Program”和“Then I involved myself in protecting cultural heritage sites in my hometown.(然后我参与了保护家乡的文化遗产)”提到作者以实际行动保护家乡遗产，故此处指决定要做点什么，故选B。 11．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我报名参加了文化遗产研究项目，这让我对文化遗产保护有了更好的了解。A. looked back on回顾；B. got rid of摆脱；C. signed up for报名参加；D. put up with忍受。下文“which enabled me to gain a better understanding”提到作者的收获，故此处指作者报名参加了该项目，故选C。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. donation捐赠；B. education教育；C. preservation保护，保存；D. observation观察。根据下一段中“protecting cultural heritage sites”以及最后一段中“preservation work”可知，此处指文化遗产保护，故选C。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：利用我在文化遗产研究项目中所学到的知识，我正在尽我所能帮助以遗产保护为重点的文化遗产的现代化进程更加顺利地进行。A. acquired获得；B. applied申请；C. offered提供；D. showed展示，表明。根据上文“the Cultural Heritage Studies Program, which enabled me to gain a better understanding of cultural heritage___12___.”可知，文化遗产研究项目使作者对于遗产保护有了更好的了解，故此处指在该项目中获得的知识，故选A。 14．考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. privately私人地；B. smoothly顺利地；C. rapidly快速地；D. normally正常地。根据“With the knowledge”以及语境可知，有了专业知识的帮助，应是使文化遗产的现代化进程更加顺利地进行，故选B。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想说，保护工作的成功是我工作中最有价值的方面。A. interesting有趣的；B. boring令人厌烦的；C. demanding要求高的；D. rewarding有益的，值得做的。上文提到作者为保护家乡遗产作出的努力，结合“the success of the preservation work”可知，保护工作获得成功，作者应是觉得非常值得，故选D。 In central Afghanistan’s Bamiyan Valley stands the famous Buddhas of Bamiyan (巴米扬大佛). Hemmat was selling tickets for the cultural site inside a cool ticket office instead of in the 1 sun. However, that had not always been the 2 . “In the past, we worked in the sun, snow and rain,” Hemmat said. Things have been 3 after the building of two ticket offices which are also 4 as conservation workstations in the daytime, and security guard positions at night. These ticket offices were built with the 5 of a group of young scholars from China’s universities, and Friends of Dunhuang (Hong Kong), who have donated money to the 6 . Due to years of war and economic hardships, 7 in Bamiyan Valley were not 8 and cleaned for a long time, let alone being presented with an introduction. The 9 that once stopped the 10 of the cultural site have been solved now. “With our specific suggestions and financial 11 , most of the caves near the site have been 12 numbered and installed with introductory nameplates,” said Shao Xuecheng, a member of Friends of Dunhuang (Hong Kong). In addition, the Chinese scholars started a 13 to teach local children how to preserve cultural heritage. Kids from poor families could receive 14 for free. China’s great efforts in cultural heritage protection have been widely 15 . “I am grateful to our Chinese friends,” Hemmat said. 1．A．burning B．rising C．warm D．golden 2．A．truth B．standard C．case D．tradition 3．A．expected B．worsened C．affected D．improved 4．A．regarded B．used C．described D．identified 5．A．assistance B．belief C．encouragement D．creativity 6．A．guards B．locals C．construction D．shelter 7．A．offices B．caves C．facilities D．buildings 8．A．explored B．discovered C．remembered D．numbered 9．A．ideas B．problems C．warnings D．changes 10．A．development B．challenges C．protection D．losses 11．A．support B．management C．planning D．reporting 12．A．officially B．intentionally C．carelessly D．easily 13．A．business B．programme C．career D．study 14．A．food B．money C．protection D．training 15．A．enjoyed B．recognised C．discussed D．ignored 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．D 9．B 10．C 11．A 12．A 13．B 14．D 15．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了阿富汗巴米扬大佛景区因中国学者等助力，改善了工作条件，解决了洞穴保护问题，还开展儿童培训，中国的文化遗产保护努力获认可。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Hemmat在凉爽的售票处售票，而不是在烈日下售票。A. burning灼热的；B. rising升起的；C. warm温暖的；D. golden金色的。根据前文 “inside a cool ticket office instead of in the”与下文“sun”对比，可推知，此处强调之前在烈日下工作，“burning sun”（烈日）更能体现酷热环境。故选A项。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，情况并非总是如此。A. truth真相；B. standard标准；C. case情况、状况；D. tradition传统。根据前文“Hemmat was selling tickets for the cultural site inside a cool ticket office”提到现在在室内工作，“However”表转折，说明“情况并非一直如此”。故选C项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在建成两个售票处后，情况有所改善，售票处白天也用作保护工作站，晚上也用作保安岗位。A. expected预期；B. worsened恶化；C. affected影响；D. improved改善。根据后文“building of two ticket offices”可知，工作条件变好，得到了改善。故选D项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在建成两个售票处后，情况有所改善，售票处白天也用作保护工作站，晚上也用作保安岗位。A. regarded视为，当做；B. used使用；C. described描述；D. identified识别。根据下文“conservation workstations in the daytime, and security guard positions at night”可知，售票厅白天“被用作”文物保护工作站，夜晚作为保安岗亭。“be used as”意为“被用作”，是固定搭配。故选B项。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些售票处是在一群来自中国大学的年轻学者和敦煌之友（香港）的帮助下建造的，他们为建设捐款。A. assistance协助，帮助；B. belief信念；C. encouragement鼓励；D. creativity创造力。根据后文“Friends of Dunhuang... donated money”可知，这些建筑是在中方学者的帮助下建成的。故选A项。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些售票处是在一群来自中国大学的年轻学者和敦煌之友（香港）的帮助下建造的，他们为建设捐款。A. guards保安；B. locals当地人；C. construction建造，建设；D. shelter避难所。根据前文“after the building of two ticket offices”提到 “建造售票厅”，因此捐赠资金用于“建设”。故选C项。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于多年的战争和经济困难，巴米扬山谷的洞穴很长一段时间没有编号和清理，更不用说介绍了。A. offices办公室；B. caves洞穴；C. facilities设施；D. buildings建筑。根据后文提到“most of the caves near the site”，说明此处指巴米扬谷的洞穴长期未被妥善处理，“caves”为原词复现。故选B项。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于多年的战争和经济困难，巴米扬山谷的洞穴很长一段时间没有编号和清理，更不用说介绍了。A. explored探索；B. discovered发现；C. remembered记住；D. numbered编号。根据后文“have been ___ numbered”可知，此处指洞穴未被编号，“numbered”（编号）为原词复现，符合上下文。故选D项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：曾经阻碍文化遗址保护的问题现在已经解决了。A. ideas想法；B. problems问题；C. warnings警告；D. changes变化。根据前文提到洞穴未编号、无介绍等情况，以及下文“that once stopped the 　　10　　 of the cultural site have been solved now”可知，这些都是文化遗址保护的“问题”。故选B项。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：曾经阻碍文化遗址保护的问题现在已经解决了。A. development发展；B. challenges挑战；C. protection保护；D. losses损失。根据上文提到的洞穴未编号、无维护等问题，可知，阻碍了文化遗址的“保护”，“protection”（保护）符合文化遗产保护的主题。故选C项。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：香港敦煌之友成员邵学成说：“在我们的具体建议和资金支持下，遗址附近的大多数洞穴都已正式编号，并安装了介绍铭牌。”A. support支持；B. management管理；C. planning规划；D. reporting报告。根据上文“who have donated money to the 　　6　　” 可知，此处与“specific suggestions”并列，“financial support”（资金支持）呼应前文“donated money”。故选A项。 12．考查副词词义辨析。句意：香港敦煌之友成员邵学成说：“在我们的具体建议和资金支持下，遗址附近的大多数洞穴都已正式编号，并安装了介绍铭牌。”A. officially正式地；B. intentionally故意地；C. carelessly粗心地；    D. easily容易地。根据语境以及下文“…numbered and installed with introductory nameplates”可知，洞穴被“正式编号”并安装介绍牌，体现规范的保护措施。故选A项。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，中国学者还启动了一个项目，教当地儿童如何保护文化遗产。A. business商业；B. programme项目，计划；C. career职业；D. study研究。根据句意以及下文“…to teach local children how to preserve cultural heritage”可知，中国学者启动一个 “项目”来教当地儿童保护文化遗产。故选B项。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：贫困家庭的孩子可以免费接受培训。A. food食物；B. money钱；C. protection保护；D. training培训。根据前文“teach local children how to preserve cultural heritage”可知，贫困家庭儿童可免费接受相关“培训”。故选D项。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：中国在文化遗产保护方面的巨大努力得到了广泛认可。A. enjoyed享受；B. recognised认可，承认；C. discussed讨论；D. ignored忽视；根据句意以及上文“China’s great efforts in cultural heritage protection have been widely…”可知，中国在文化遗产保护方面的努力被广泛“认可”，“recognised”（认可）与后文 Hemmat 的感谢呼应。故选B项。 Fan Jinshi, a Han Chinese, 1 acts as the honorary president of Dunhuang Academy. She first traveled all the way to Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes in the middle of the desert in July 1963 shortly after 2 from college, cherishing a dream to 3 the national cultural heritage, and remained there for more than 50 years. Over the past decades, she has 4 herself to the desert, as if her life and Dunhuang’s had blended into one, and became known as the “Daughter of Dunhuang”. Fan’s 5 to archaeology, protection and management of grottoes never 6 away, and she has made outstanding contributions to the 7 of “protecting, studying and carrying forward” Dunhuang grottoes through her works. Fan is a big advocate and active 8 of popularization of the Dunhuang culture, and has helped organize multiple successful Dunhuang arts exhibitions both at home and abroad, achieving 9 social and economic results. Fan also highly values nurturing and growing talent, 10 a solid foundation for the scientific development of Dunhuang grottoes cultural relics. She also actively works to solve any 11 between protection and opening-up of cultural relics for utilization. Her efforts have 12 the levels of protection and management modernization of Dunhuang grottoes and she has been praised as “a model in effective protection” by the Party and national leaders. Fan is in her eighties, but she continues to 13 the role as an honorary president of Dunhuang Academy even after 14 , becoming an advocate and model practitioner of the “Mogao Spirits” of being devoted to the desert, dedicated, 15 and enterprising. 1．A．extremely B．thankfully C．currently D．generally 2．A．starting B．graduating C．ending D．visiting 3．A．prevent B．trap C．stick D．protect 4．A．stayed B．absorbed C．devoted D．applied 5．A．pain B．commitment C．freedom D．decision 6．A．went B．fired C．discovered D．faded 7．A．effort B．accident C．cause D．respect 8．A．assistant B．promoter C．raiser D．offender 9．A．bad B．bright C．helpful D．sound 10．A．setting B．lying C．laying D．putting 11．A．conflicts B．struggles C．blames D．matters 12．A．risked B．boosted C．ordered D．pressed 13．A．trust B．get C．do D．perform 14．A．resign B．reference C．retirement D．review 15．A．responsible B．respectful C．proud D．disabled 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．C 11．A 12．B 13．D 14．C 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了被誉为“敦煌女儿”的樊锦诗。她自1963年大学毕业后扎根敦煌莫高窟，五十多年如一日致力于敦煌文化遗产的保护、研究与弘扬。她不仅推动了石窟考古、保护和管理的现代化，还积极推广敦煌文化，培养人才，协调文物保护与开放利用的关系。即使年过八旬、退休后，她仍担任敦煌研究院名誉院长，践行“莫高精神”，成为文物保护事业的楷模。 1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：樊锦诗，汉族，目前担任敦煌研究院名誉院长。 A. extremely极其；B. thankfully感激地；C. currently目前；D. generally通常。根据后文“acts as the honorary president of Dunhuang Academy”并结合后文对她的经历的叙述可知，此处表示樊锦诗“目前”担任敦煌研究院名誉院长。故选C。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：1963年7月，她大学毕业后不久，就一路前往沙漠深处的敦煌莫高窟，怀揣着保护国家文化遗产的梦想，并在那里待了50多年。A. starting开始；B. graduating毕业；C. ending结束；D. visiting参观。根据后文“from college”可知，此处表示大学“毕业”，符合她毕业后前往敦煌的时间线。故选B。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. prevent阻止；B. trap困住；C. stick坚持；D. protect保护。根据后文“the national cultural heritage”及后文她的工作可知，此处表示保护国家文化遗产。故选D。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的几十年里，她全身心投入到沙漠中，仿佛她的生命和敦煌已经融为一体，并被誉为“敦煌的女儿”。A. stayed停留；B. absorbed吸收；C. devoted致力于；D. applied申请。根据后文“herself to the desert, as if her life and Dunhuang’s had blended into one”可知，此处表示全身心投入到沙漠中，devote oneself to“致力于，投身于”。故选C。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：樊锦诗对石窟考古、保护和管理的投入从未减弱，她通过自己的作品为“保护、研究和弘扬”敦煌石窟的事业做出了杰出贡献。A. pain痛苦；B. commitment投入；C. freedom自由；D. decision决定。根据后文“to archaeology, protection and management of grottoes”可知，commitment to...表示“对……的奉献”，与她坚守敦煌的经历相符。故选B。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. went去；B. fired开火；C. discovered发现；D. faded褪色，减弱。根据后文“away”和“she has made outstanding contributions”并结合下文提到她退休后依然工作可知，此处表示她对敦煌的奉献投入从未“减弱”，fade away“减弱，消失”。故选D。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意同5小题。A. effort努力；B. accident事故；C. cause事业；D. respect尊重。根据后文“ Fan is in her eighties, but she continues to 13 the role as an honorary president of Dunhuang Academy”可知，她从事保护工作多年，这是她的“事业”。故选C。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：樊锦诗是敦煌文化普及的大力倡导者和积极推动者，她帮助组织了多次成功的国内外敦煌艺术展览，取得了良好的社会和经济效益。A. assistant助手；B. promoter推动者；C. raiser饲养者；D. offender冒犯者。根据前文“advocate”及后文组织展览可知，“推动者”符合她推广敦煌文化的角色。故选B。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. bad坏的；B. bright明亮的；C. helpful有帮助的；D. sound合理的。根据后文“social and economic results”可知，sound results表示“良好的结果”，修饰社会和经济效益，语义恰当。故选D。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：樊锦诗也非常重视人才的培养和成长，为敦煌石窟文物的科学发展奠定了坚实的基础。A. setting设置；B. lying躺；C. laying铺设，奠定；D. putting放。根据后文“a solid foundation”可知，此处表示“奠定”坚实的基础，lay a solid foundation“奠定坚实的基础”。故选C。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她还积极致力于解决文物保护与开放利用之间的任何冲突。A. conflicts冲突；B. struggles斗争；C. blames责备；D. matters事情。根据后文“between protection and opening-up of cultural relics for utilization”可知，此处指保护与利用之间的矛盾冲突。故选A。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的努力提高了敦煌石窟保护和管理现代化的水平，并得到了党和国家领导人的赞誉，被誉为“有效保护的典范”。A. risked冒险；B. boosted提高；C. ordered命令；D. pressed按压。根据后文“the levels of protection and management modernization of Dunhuang grottoes”可知，boosted the levels“提升水平”，与后文“被赞为有效保护的典范”呼应。故选B。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：樊锦诗已经八十多岁了，但即使在退休后，她仍然继续担任敦煌研究院名誉院长的职务，成为“莫高精神”的倡导者和模范践行者，这种精神就是献身沙漠、敬业奉献、勇于担当、开拓进取。A. trust信任；B. get得到；C. do做；D. perform执行，履行。根据后文“the role as an honorary president of Dunhuang Academy”可知，她继续担任名誉院长，履行职责。故选D。 14．考查动词或名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. resign辞职（动词）；B. reference参考；C. retirement退休；D. review复习。根据前文“Fan is in her eighties”可知，此处表示在“退休”后还在担任职务。故选C。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同13小题。A. responsible负责任的；B. respectful恭敬的；C. proud自豪的；D. disabled残疾的。根据后文“and enterprising”可知，此处表示“勇于担当”的，与“开拓进取”并列，responsible与devoted，dedicated，enterprising并列，体现莫高精神的品质。故选A。 Even at 80, Mei continues to patrol (巡逻) the Shixiaguan section of the Great Wall. He lives in Shixia, a village located near the Great Wall. He has a(n) 1 for the wall. In 1979, Mei returned to his hometown and was 2 to see the wall damaged. Some villagers had even taken 3 from the wall to build houses. Determined to 4 the wall, Mei volunteered as a guardian (保护者), patrolling 20 km daily to 5 people doing so. In 1984, a Great Wall protection activity was 6 in Beijing, which inspired the villagers. Many returned the bricks. In 2006, Mei 7 a local volunteer protection union, with most of 8 becoming guardians. Inspired by Mei, his niece Liu, followed in his footsteps and 9 became a Great Wall guardian. “It is my 10 to protect cultural heritage,” she says. China has made a(n) 11 to protect the Great Wall. Between 2015 and 2023, 289 protection projects were 12 , and over 6,800 guardians nationwide are now 13 . Advanced technologies, such as drones (无人驾驶飞机), have also been 14 for protection. Although the Shixiaguan section is not yet open to the public, Mei hopes the 15 can attract more people to join the protection. 1．A．need B．affection C．reason D．gift 2．A．glad B．ready C．shocked D．likely 3．A．supplies B．bricks C．doors D．pipes 4．A．preserve B．identify C．paint D．build 5．A．observe B．keep C．imagine D．prevent 6．A．passed B．forced C．stopped D．buried 7．A．replaced B．protested C．established D．solved 8．A．locals B．experts C．athletes D．parents 9．A．secretly B．fluently C．gradually D．illegally 10．A．tradition B．responsibility C．proposal D．ability 11．A．mistake B．trap C．symbol D．effort 12．A．agreed B．discovered C．explained D．improved 13．A．growing B．working C．competing D．traveling 14．A．looked forward to B．taken control of C．made use of D．put up with 15．A．heritage B．destination C．video D．brochure 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．B 11．D 12．A 13．B 14．C 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了梅先生坚持巡逻保护家乡附近的长城。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对长城有一种喜爱。A. need需要；B. affection喜爱；C. reason原因；D. gift礼物。根据上文“Even at 80, Mei continues to patrol (巡逻) the Shixiaguan section of the Great Wall.”可知，即使在80岁的时候，梅仍然在石峡关长城巡逻，说明他对长城有喜爱之情。故选B。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：1979年，梅回到家乡，看到长城被毁，感到震惊。A. glad高兴的；B. ready准备好的；C. shocked震惊的；D. likely可能的。根据下文“to see the wall damaged”可知，看到长城被毁，梅感到震惊。故选C。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些村民甚至从长城上取下砖块来建房子。A. supplies供应品；B. bricks砖块；C. doors门；D. pipes管道。根据下文“from the wall to build houses”和“Many returned the bricks”可知，许多村民归还了砖块，说明他们之前从长城上取下过砖块来建房子。故选B。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：梅决心保护长城，自愿成为守护者，每天巡逻20公里，以防止人们这样做。A. preserve保护；B. identify识别；C. paint绘画；D. build建造。根据下文“Mei volunteered as a guardian (保护者)”可知，梅自愿成为守护者，目的是保护长城。故选A。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：梅决心保护长城，自愿成为守护者，每天巡逻20公里，以防止人们这样做。A. observe观察；B. keep保持；C. imagine想象；D. prevent阻止。根据上文“Some villagers had even taken 3 from the wall to build houses”可知，一些村民从长城上取下砖块来建房子，梅作为守护者，目的是阻止人们这样做。故选D。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：1984年，北京通过了一项长城保护活动，激发了村民们的热情。A. passed通过；B. forced强迫；C. stopped停止；D. buried埋葬。根据上文“a Great Wall protection activity”可知，北京通过了一项长城保护活动。故选A。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2006年，梅成立了一个当地志愿者保护联盟，其中大部分当地人成为守护者。A. replaced取代；B. protested抗议；C. established建立，成立；D. solved解决。根据下文“a local volunteer protection union”可知，梅成立了一个当地志愿者保护联盟。故选C。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：2006年，梅成立了一个当地志愿者保护联盟，其中大部分当地人成为守护者。A. locals当地人；B. experts专家；C. athletes运动员；D. parents父母。根据上文“In 2006, Mei 7 a local volunteer protection union”可知，梅成立了一个当地志愿者保护联盟，所以这里的指的是大部分当地人成为守护者。故选A。 9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：受梅的启发，他的侄女刘也追随他的脚步，逐渐成为一名长城守护者。A. secretly秘密地；B. fluently流利地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. illegally非法地。根据上文“Inspired by Mei, his niece Liu, followed in his footsteps”可知，受梅的启发，他的侄女刘也追随他的脚步，说明她是逐渐成为一名长城守护者的。故选C。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说：“保护文化遗产是我的责任。”A. tradition传统；B. responsibility责任；C. proposal提议；D. ability能力。根据上文“followed in his footsteps and 9 became a Great Wall guardian”可知，刘追随梅的脚步，逐渐成为一名长城守护者，说明她认为保护文化遗产是她的责任。故选B。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：中国已经努力保护长城。A. mistake错误；B. trap陷阱；C. symbol象征；D. effort努力。根据下文“to protect the Great Wall. Between 2015 and 2023, 289 protection projects were”可知，在2015年至2023年期间，实施了289个保护项目，说明中国已经努力保护长城。故选D。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在2015年至2023年期间，289个保护项目被批准。A. agreed批准；B. discovered发现；C. explained解释；D. improved提高。根据上文“Between 2015 and 2023, 289 protection projects were”可知，中国已经努力保护长城，所以这里表示289个保护项目被批准。故选A。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：目前，全国已有6800多名守护者正在工作。A. growing成长；B. working工作；C. competing竞争；D. traveling旅行。根据上文“and over 6,800 guardians nationwide”可知，全国已有6800多名守护者，他们正在工作，保护长城。故选B。 14．考查动词短语辨析。句意：无人机等先进技术也被用于保护。A. looked forward to期待；B. taken control of控制；C. made use of利用；D. put up with忍受。根据上文“Advanced technologies, such as drones (无人驾驶飞机), have also been”可知，无人机等先进技术也被用于保护长城。故选C。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然石峡关段尚未向公众开放，但梅希望这个遗产能够吸引更多人加入保护。A. heritage遗产；B. destination目的地；C. video视频；D. brochure小册子。根据上文“the Shixiaguan section of the Great Wall”和下文“can attract more people to join the protection”可知，这里指的是长城的石峡关段，是文化遗产，所以这里表示梅希望这个遗产能够吸引更多人加入保护。故选A。 British brothers James and Thomas Lindesay have spent months traveling across the Great Wall of China on foot. They 124 3,263 kilometres on the journey, a remarkable achievement at any time. Their 125 to complete this adventure came from their father, William Lindesay. Born in 1956 in Liverpool, William became 126 about the Great Wall later. In 1987, he 127 a great deal of media attention by spending 78 days walking the Great Wall across northern China. Villagers living at the foot of the world heritage site often see the tall, silver-haired foreigner 128 garbage along the Great Wall. He has devoted over 30 years to visiting, studying and protecting the structure, and has 129 10 books on the Great Wall based on his knowledge and experiences. His action and books influenced his two sons, who now share his 130 in the Great Wall. In 2016, the Lindesay brothers flew drones (无人机) at many 131 along the Great Wall and edited (剪辑) video works on the 132 of it, hoping to keep it safe from damage. Not 1 with merely recording parts of the Great Wall, the young brothers 2 wanted to find a new way to experience the structure and follow in their father's footsteps. Finally they 3 hiking it. The brothers' trip was 4 than they had imagined. They met many difficulties. But 5 the great wonder was life-changing, which gave them a better 6 of the structure and the history behind it. 1．A．challenged B．covered C．expanded D．started 2．A．desire B．task C．ability D．agreement 3．A．anxious B．particular C．serious D．enthusiastic 4．A．paid B．devoted C．attracted D．avoided 5．A．collecting B．burying C．sorting D．recycling 6．A．bought B．recommended C．reviewed D．published 7．A．pride B．success C．interest D．faith 8．A．buildings B．sections C．stages D．villages 9．A．protection B．discovery C．design D．origin 10．A．familiar B．satisfied C．careful D．busy 11．A．simply B．suddenly C．truly D．naturally 12．A．dreamed of B．carried on C．learned of D．decided on 13．A．tougher B．funnier C．greater D．shorter 14．A．approaching B．exploring C．repairing D．introducing 15．A．memory B．assessment C．impression D．understanding 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．B 11．C 12．D 13．A 14．B 15．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了英国兄弟詹姆斯和托马斯·林德赛受父亲的影响，花了几个月的时间徒步穿越中国的长城的经历。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们在旅途中走了3263公里，这在任何时候都是一项了不起的成就。A. challenged挑战；B. covered走过，覆盖；C. expanded扩展；D. started开始。根据前文“ British brothers James and Thomas Lindesay have spent months traveling across the Great Wall of China on foot.”和后文“3,263 kilometres”可知，此处表示走了多远的距离，应用动词cover。故选B。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们完成这次冒险的愿望来自于他们的父亲威廉·林德赛。A. desire渴望，愿望；B. task任务；C. ability能力；D. agreement协议。根据后文“to complete this adventure”可知，此处指完成冒险的愿望。故选A。 3． 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：1956年出生于利物浦的威廉在晚年对长城产生了浓厚的兴趣。A. anxious焦虑的；B. particular特定的；C. serious严肃的；D. enthusiastic热情的。根据后文“he has devoted over 30 years to visiting, studying and protecting the structure”可知，威廉在晚年对长城产生了浓厚的兴趣。故选D。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：1987年，他因花了78天徒步穿越中国北部的长城而吸引了大量的媒体关注。A. paid支付；B. devoted奉献；C. attracted吸引；D. avoided避免。根据后文“a great deal of media attention by spending 78 days walking the Great Wall across northern China”可知，他吸引了大量的媒体关注。故选C。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：住在世界遗产地脚下的村民经常看到这位高大的银发外国人在长城上捡垃圾。A. collecting收集；B. burying埋葬；C. sorting分类；D. recycling回收。根据后文“ protecting the structure”可知，他在长城上捡垃圾（collect garbage）。故选A。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他根据自己的知识和经验出版了10本关于长城的书。A. bought购买；B. recommended推荐；C. reviewed复习；D. published出版。根据后文“10 books on the Great Wall based on his knowledge and experiences”可知，他出版了10本关于长城的书。故选D。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的行为和书籍影响了他的两个儿子，他们现在和他一样对长城感兴趣。A. pride骄傲；B. success成功；C. interest兴趣；D. faith信念。根据上文“His action and books influenced his two sons”可知，他的行为和书籍影响了他的两个儿子，他们现在和他一样对长城感兴趣。故选C。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：2016年，林赛兄弟在长城的许多路段放飞无人机，并编辑了有关长城保护的视频作品，希望保护长城免受破坏。A. buildings建筑物；B. sections部分；C. stages阶段；D. villages村庄。根据后文“along the Great Wall”可知，他们在长城的许多路段放飞无人机。故选B。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：2016年，林赛兄弟在长城的许多路段放飞无人机，并编辑了有关长城保护的视频作品，希望保护长城免受破坏。A. protection保护；B. discovery发现；C. design设计；D. origin起源。根据后文“hoping to keep it safe from damage”可知，他们编辑了有关长城保护的视频作品。故选A。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对年轻的兄弟不满足于仅仅记录长城的一部分，他们迫切地想找到一种新的方式来体验长城的结构。A. familiar熟悉的；B. satisfied满意的；C. careful仔细的；D. busy忙碌的。根据后文“wanted to find a new way to experience the structure”可知，这对年轻的兄弟不满足于仅仅记录长城的一部分。故选B。 11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这对年轻的兄弟不满足于仅仅记录长城的一部分，他们迫切地想找到一种新的方式来体验长城的结构。A. simply简单地；B. suddenly突然地；C. truly真正地；D. naturally自然地。根据后文“with merely recording parts of the Great Wall, the young brothers 11 wanted to find a new way to experience the structure”可知，他们迫切地想找到一种新的方式来体验长城的结构。故选C。 12．考查动词短语辨析。句意：最后他们决定跟随父亲的脚步，徒步游览长城。A. dreamed of梦想；B. carried on继续；C. learned of了解；D. decided on决定。根据后文“hiking it”可知，最后他们决定跟随父亲的脚步，徒步游览长城。故选D。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对兄弟的旅途比他们想象的要艰难。A. tougher更难的；B. funnier更有趣的；C. greater更伟大的；D. shorter更短的。根据后文“They met many difficulties”可知，旅途很艰难。故选A。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但探索这个伟大的奇迹改变了他们的生活，这让他们更好地了解了它的结构和背后的历史。A. approaching接近；B. exploring探索；C. repairing修理；D. introducing介绍。呼应上文“hiking it”，结合后文“the great wonder was life-changing”可知这里指他们探索长城。故选B。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但探索这个伟大的奇迹改变了他们的生活，这让他们更好地了解了它的结构和背后的历史。A. memory记忆；B. assessment评估；C. impression印象；D. understanding理解。根据后文“of the structure and the history behind it”以及前文的描述可知，实地探索长城让他们更好地了解了它的结构和背后的历史。故选D。 In central Afghanistan’s Bamyan Valley stands the famous Buddhas of Bamyan (巴米扬大佛). Hemmat was selling tickets for the cultural heritage inside a cool ticket office instead of in the 1 sun. However, that had not always been the 2 . “In the past, we worked in the sun, snow and rain,” Hemmat said. Things have been 3 after the building of two ticket offices which are also 4 as conservation work stations in the daytime, and security guard positions at night. These ticket offices are built with the 5 of a group of young scholars from China’s universities, and Friends of Dunhuang, who have donated money for the 6 . Due to years of war and economic hardships, 7 in Bamyan Valley were not 8 and cleaned for a long time, let alone being presented with an introduction. The 9 that were stopping the 10 of the cultural heritage have been solved now. “With our specific suggestions and financial 11 , most of the caves near the Buddha site have been 12 numbered and installed with introduction nameplates,” said Shao Xuecheng, a member of Friends of Dunhuang. In addition, the Chinese scholars started a 13 to teach local children how to preserve cultural heritages. Kids from poor families could receive 14 for free. China’s great efforts in cultural heritage protection have been widely 15 . “I am grateful to our Chinese friends,” Hemmat said. 1．A．burning B．rising C．warm D．golden 2．A．truth B．standard C．case D．tradition 3．A．unexpected B．worsened C．affected D．improved 4．A．regarded B．used C．described D．identified 5．A．assistance B．belief C．encouragement D．creativity 6．A．guards B．locals C．construction D．shelter 7．A．offices B．caves C．facilities D．buildings 8．A．explored B．discovered C．remembered D．numbered 9．A．ideas B．problems C．warnings D．puzzles 10．A．development B．challenges C．protection D．damage 11．A．support B．management C．planning D．report 12．A．officially B．intentionally C．carelessly D．easily 13．A．business B．program C．career D．study 14．A．food B．money C．information D．training 15．A．enjoyed B．recognized C．discussed D．ignored 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．D 9．B 10．C 11．A 12．A 13．B 14．D 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了中国在阿富汗巴米扬山谷的文化遗产保护工作中所做出的贡献和努力。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Hemmat在凉爽的售票处出售文化遗产门票，而不是在烈日下。A. burning炙热的；B. rising升起的；C. warm温暖的；D. golden金色的。根据上文“inside a cool ticket office instead of”可知，Hemmat没有在烈日下卖票，而是在凉爽的售票处，空格处意为“炙热的”。故选A。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，之前情况并非总是如此。A. truth真相；B. standard标准；C. case情况；D. tradition传统。根据下文“In the past, we worked in the sun, snow and rain”可知，在以前，情况并不是上文所描述的那样。故选C。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在建成两个售票处后，情况有所改善，售票处白天也用作保护工作站，晚上也用作保安岗位。A. unexpected出乎意料；B. worsened恶化；C. affected影响；D. improved改善。根据下文“after the building of two ticket offices”可知，在建成两个售票处后，情况有所改善。故选D。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在建成两个售票处后，情况有所改善，售票处白天也用作保护工作站，晚上也用作保安岗位。A. regarded认为；B. used用；C. described描述；D. identified识别。根据下文“as conservation work stations”可知，售票处被当作保护工作站，be used as意为“被用作”。故选B。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些售票处是在一群来自中国大学的年轻学者和敦煌之友的帮助下建造的，他们为建造提供了资金。A. assistance帮助；B. belief信念；C. encouragement鼓励；D. creativity创造力。根据下文“who have donated money”可知，年轻学者和敦煌之友帮助建了售票处。故选A。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些售票处是在一群来自中国大学的年轻学者和敦煌之友的帮助下建造的，他们为建造提供了资金。A. guards守卫；B. locals当地人；C. construction建造；D. shelter避难所。根据上文“These ticket offices are built with the ___5__ of a group of young scholars from China’s universities, and Friends of Dunhuang”可知，年轻学者和敦煌之友为了建售票处提供资金。故选C。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于多年的战争和经济困难，巴米扬山谷的洞穴很长一段时间没有编号和清洁，更不用说介绍了。A. offices办公室；B. caves洞穴；C. facilities设施；D. buildings建筑。根据下文“most of the caves near the Buddha site have been __12__ numbered”可知，此处表示巴米扬山谷中的洞穴没有编号。故选B。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于多年的战争和经济困难，巴米扬山谷的洞穴很长一段时间没有编号和清洁，更不用说介绍了。A. explored探索；B. discovered发现；C. remembered记得；D. numbered编号。根据下文“most of the caves near the Buddha site have been__12__numbered”可知，巴米扬山谷的洞穴很长一段时间没有编号。故选D。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：阻碍文化遗产保护的问题现在已经解决了。A. ideas想法；B. problems问题；C. warnings警告；D. puzzles谜题。根据上文“years of war and economic hardships”和下文“that were stopping the___10__of the cultural heritage”可知，此处表示阻碍文化遗产保护的一些问题。故选B。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：阻碍文化遗产保护的问题现在已经解决了。A. development发展；B. challenges挑战；C. protection保护；D. damage破坏。根据上文“___7__ in Bamyan Valley were not __8__ and cleaned”可知，文化遗产的保护遇到了问题。故选C。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：敦煌之友的成员邵学成表示：“在我们的具体建议和资金支持下，佛寺附近的大多数洞穴都已正式编号，并安装了介绍铭牌。”A. support支持；B. management管理；C. planning计划；D. report报道。根据上一段“Friends of Dunhuang, who have donated money”可知，在敦煌之友的资金支持下，大多数洞穴被编号。故选A。 12．考查副词词义辨析。句意：敦煌之友的成员邵学成表示：“在我们的具体建议和资金支持下，佛寺附近的大多数洞穴都已正式编号，并安装了介绍铭牌。”A. officially正式地；B. intentionally故意地；C. carelessly粗心地；D. easily容易地。根据下文“numbered and installed with introduction nameplates”可知，那些洞穴是被正式编号的。故选A。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，中国学者还启动了一个项目，教当地儿童如何保护文化遗产。A. business生意；B. program项目；C. career职业，生涯；D. study学习。根据下文“to teach local children how to preserve cultural heritages”可知，中国学者启动了一个项目来教当地儿童如何保护文化遗产。故选B。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：贫困家庭的孩子可以免费接受培训。A. food食物；B. money钱；C. information信息；D. training培训。根据上文“the Chinese scholars started a __13___ to teach local children how to preserve cultural heritages”可知，此处表示中国学者启动了项目来教当地儿童如何保护文化遗产，贫困家庭的孩子可以免费接受培训。故选D。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：中国在文化遗产保护方面的巨大努力得到了广泛认可。A. enjoyed喜欢；B. recognized认可；C. discussed讨论；D. ignored忽视。根据下文“I am grateful to our Chinese friends”可知，作为当地人的Hemmat对中国朋友是感激的，由此可见，中国在文化遗产保护方面的巨大努力得到了广泛认可。故选B。 The impressive collection of literature in the Library Cave at the Mogao Caves in Dunhuang, Northwest China’s Gansu province, 1 one of the most inclusive, advanced and open 2 of the ancient Chinese, says Dunhuang specialist Zhao Xiaoxing. 3 in the Hexi Corridor, the main line of the ancient Silk Road, the caves, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, have been promoting goods and cultural 4 between the East and the West for more than 1,600 years. While the Dunhuang wall paintings have recorded the glories of the past 5 , the more than 60,000 items of literature 6 in the Library Cave, or Cave 17, dating from the 4th to the 11th centuries, have kept the 7 original quality through the written word, according to Dunhuang Academy. The value of the 8 was thoroughly demonstrated during the launch of the Digital Library Cave, a gamelike program 9 enables users to virtually witness, and participate in, the 10 and fall of the Library Cave on the website Digital Dunhuang or via the WeChat miniprogram, Cloud Museum of Dunhuang Caves. The Library Cave 11 in the mid-9th century and later 12 unopened for almost 1,000 years 166 being accidentally discovered by Taoist priest Wang Yuanlu in 1900.The majority of its cultural relics, consisting of Buddhist manuscripts, 13 and economic documents and other delicate and 14 items, are now kept in foreign museums. 1．A．collects B．represents C．finds D．changes 2．A．aspects B．difficulties C．moods D．hobbies 3．A．Sat B．Located C．Lost D．Moved 4．A．formations B．productions C．companies D．exchanges 5．A．visually B．vocally C．slowly D．brightly 6．A．rooted B．imagined C．housed D．printed 7．A．cultural B．national C．historical D．literal 8．A．books B．statues C．features D．literature 9．A．what B．that C．as D．whose 10．A．rise B．progress C．start D．innovation 11．A．was checked B．was ruined C．was built D．was removed 12．A．felt B．seemed C．banned D．remained 13．A．unless B．whether C．before D．after 14．A．overseas B．political C．additional D．fundamental 15．A．precious B．affordable C．secret D．fashionable 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．A 11．C 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国西北部甘肃省敦煌莫高窟图书馆洞里令人印象深刻的文献收藏，代表了中国古代最包容、最先进、最开放的一个方面。介绍了图书馆洞的历史以及藏品等信息。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：敦煌专家赵晓星表示，中国西北部甘肃省敦煌莫高窟图书馆洞里令人印象深刻的文献收藏，代表了中国古代最包容、最先进、最开放的方面。A. collects收集；B. represents代表；C. finds找到；D. changes改变。根据上文“The impressive collection of literature”此处指这些文献收藏所代表的内涵，应用动词represent。故选B。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：敦煌专家赵晓星表示，中国西北部甘肃省敦煌莫高窟图书馆洞里令人印象深刻的文献收藏，代表了中国古代最包容、最先进、最开放的方面。A. aspects方面；B. difficulties困难；C. moods情绪；D. hobbies爱好。根据上文“one of the most inclusive, advanced and open”可知，指文献收藏代表了中国古代最包容、最先进、最开放的方面。故选A。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：石窟位于古丝绸之路的主线河西走廊，被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产，1600多年来一直促进东西方之间的商品和文化交流。A. Sat坐下；B. Located位于；C. Lost丢失；D. Moved移动。后文“in the Hexi Corridor, the main line of the ancient Silk Road”是石窟的位置，石窟位于古丝绸之路的主线河西走廊，故选B。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：石窟位于古丝绸之路的主线河西走廊，被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产，1600多年来一直促进东西方之间的商品和文化交流。A. formations形成；B. productions产量；C. companies公司；D. exchanges交流。根据后文“between the East and the West”指东西方的文化交流。故选D。 5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：据敦煌研究院介绍，虽然敦煌壁画从视觉上记录了过去的辉煌，但17号洞藏品的6万多件文献，从4世纪到11世纪，通过文字保持了历史的原始品质。A. visually视觉上，外表上；B. vocally口头地；C. slowly缓慢地；D. brightly明亮地。根据上文“the Dunhuang wall paintings have recorded the glories of the past”可知，壁画给人的是视觉上的辉煌。故选A。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：据敦煌研究院介绍，虽然敦煌壁画从视觉上记录了过去的辉煌，但17号洞藏品的6万多件文献，从4世纪到11世纪，通过文字保持了历史的原始品质。A. rooted扎根；B. imagined想象；C. housed收藏；D. printed印刷。根据上文“the more than 60,000 items of literature”指6万多件文献被收藏在17号洞。故选C。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：据敦煌研究院介绍，虽然敦煌壁画从视觉上记录了过去的辉煌，但17号洞藏品的6万多件文献，从4世纪到11世纪，通过文字保持了历史的原始品质。A. cultural文化的；B. national民族的；C. historical历史的；D. literal字面上的。根据上文“dating from the 4th to the 11th centuries”可知，藏书保持了历史的原始品质。故选C。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：文献的价值在“数字图书馆洞穴”的发布中得到了充分的体现，这是一个类似游戏的程序，用户可以在“数字敦煌”网站或微信小程序“敦煌洞穴云博物馆”上虚拟地见证和参与图书馆洞穴的兴衰。A. books书籍；B. statues雕像；C. features特点；D. literature文学，文献。呼应上文“The impressive collection of literature”指这一批文献，故选D。 9．考查连词词义辨析。句意：文献的价值在“数字图书馆洞穴”的发布中得到了充分的体现，这是一个类似游戏的程序，用户可以在“数字敦煌”网站或微信小程序“敦煌洞穴云博物馆”上虚拟地见证和参与图书馆洞穴的兴衰。定语从句修饰先行词gamelike program，在从句作主语，指物，应用关系代词that。故选B。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：文献的价值在“数字图书馆洞穴”的发布中得到了充分的体现，这是一个类似游戏的程序，用户可以在“数字敦煌”网站或微信小程序“敦煌洞穴云博物馆”上虚拟地见证和参与图书馆洞穴的兴衰。A. rise增加、兴起；B. progress进步；C. start开端；D. innovation创新。根据后文“and fall”可知，此处指兴衰，应用rise and fall。故选A。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：图书馆洞建于9世纪中叶，后来在1900年被道士王元禄偶然发现之前，几乎有1000年没有打开过。A. was checked被检查；B. was ruined被毁灭；C. was built被建造；D. was removed被去除。根据后文“in the mid-9th century”可知图书馆洞修建的时间是9世纪中叶。故选C。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：图书馆洞建于9世纪中叶，后来在1900年被道士王元禄偶然发现之前，几乎有1000年没有打开过。A. felt感觉；B. seemed似乎；C. banned禁止；D. remained维持，逗留。根据后文“unopened for almost 1,000 years”指图书馆被发现之前，维持了几乎一千年没有被打开的状态。故选D。 13．考查连词词义辨析。句意：图书馆洞建于9世纪中叶，后来在1900年被道士王元禄偶然发现之前，几乎有1000年没有打开过。A. unless除非；B. whether是否；C. before在……之前；D. after在……之后。此处表示“在1900年被道士王元禄偶然发现之前”应用before。故选C。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：其大部分文物，包括佛教手稿，政治和经济文件和其他精美和珍贵的物品，现在保存在国外博物馆。A. overseas海外的；B. political政治的；C. additional附加的；D. fundamental根本的。根据后文“and economic documents”可知，与经济对应的应当是政治文件，故选B。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：其大部分文物，包括佛教手稿，政治和经济文件和其他精美和珍贵的物品，现在保存在国外博物馆。A. precious宝贵的；B. affordable买得起的；C. secret秘密的；D. fashionable时尚的。根据上文“and other delicate and”可知，文物包括了精美和珍贵的物品。故选A。 重难语篇提升练 The Washington, D．C． resident, Anna Lee 1 what she thought was a replica (复制品) of a Mayan vase for just $4. 2 , it turned out to be an authentic (真正的) artifact from the ancient Mayan civilization. Now, the vase is set to 3 to its country of origin. Anna bought the vase five years ago at a thrift store. She was about to 4 the store when she noticed the vase on a shelf near the checkout counter. “It seemed 5 , but not extremely old,” she remarked. The vase was 6 to Anna as she has worked in Mexico. “I could 7 it had a connection to Mexico, and I thought it would be a nice 8 of Mexico to have on my shelf,” she said. In January, while visiting the National Museum of Anthropology in Mexico City for work, she saw Mayan vases on 9 that looked remarkably 10 to the one she owned. “I was still 11 that mine was real, but I thought I had better ask the museum about the 12 to authenticate it,” she explained. Following the museum’s advice, she contacted the Mexican embassy and 13 photos of her vase. She was informed that she possessed a(n) 14 historical piece. “I received an e-mail saying, ‘Congratulations — it’s real and we would like it back,’” she said. On Monday, a repatriation (回国) ceremony was held at the Cultural Institute of Mexico in D．C．, 15 by Mexico’s Ambassador to the U. S. 1．A．broke B．purchased C．witnessed D．unearthed 2．A．Moreover B．Therefore C．Meanwhile D．However 3．A．return B．connect C．point D．lead 4．A．search B．exit C．recommend D．choose 5．A．delicate B．odd C．old D．fancy 6．A．accessible B．useful C．visible D．familiar 7．A．tell B．prove C．pretend D．imagine 8．A．description B．report C．reminder D．product 9．A．board B．stage C．display D．demand 10．A．meaningless B．superior C．harmless D．similar 11．A．doubtful B．proud C．surprised D．nervous 12．A．necessity B．desire C．reason D．process 13．A．left out B．asked for C．sent in D．gave away 14．A．appealing B．unique C．ordinary D．genuine 15．A．followed B．attended C．discovered D．created 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．C 10．D 11．A 12．D 13．C 14．D 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了安娜意外购得真品玛雅花瓶并归还的故事。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：华盛顿特区的居民安娜·李以4美元的价格购买了她认为是玛雅花瓶复制品的东西。A. broke打破；B. purchased购买；C. witnessed见证；D. unearthed发掘。根据后文“Anna bought the vase five years ago at a thrift store.”可知，安娜购买了这个花瓶。故选B。 2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，它原来是一件来自古代玛雅文明的真正文物。A. Moreover而且；B. Therefore因此；C. Meanwhile同时；D. However然而。前文说她以为是复制品，后文说实际上是真品，前后是转折关系，所以用“However”。故选D。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，这个花瓶将被送回它的原产国。A. return返回；B. connect连接；C. point指向；D. lead带领。根据后文“Congratulations — it’s real and we would like it back”可知，这个花瓶将被送回它的原产国。故选A。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她正要离开商店时，注意到收银台附近架子上的一个花瓶。A. search搜索；B. exit离开；C. recommend推荐；D. choose选择。根据后文“when she noticed the vase on a shelf near the checkout counter”可知，安娜正要离开商店时注意到了这个花瓶。故选B。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“它看起来很旧，但不是很古老，”她说。A. delicate精致的；B. odd奇怪的；C. old旧的；D. fancy花哨的。根据后文“but not extremely old”可知，这个花瓶看起来很旧，但不是很古老。故选C。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：安娜对这个花瓶很熟悉，因为她曾在墨西哥工作过。A. accessible可进入的；B. useful有用的；C. visible可见的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据后文“as she has worked in Mexico”可知，因为安娜在墨西哥工作过，所以对这个花瓶有熟悉感。故选D。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我能看出它与墨西哥有联系，我想把它放在我的架子上，作为对墨西哥的一个美好回忆，”她说。A. tell看出，辨别；B. prove证明；C. pretend假装；D. imagine想象。根据后文“it had a connection to Mexico”可知，因为安娜在墨西哥工作过，所以她能看出这个花瓶与墨西哥有联系。故选A。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我能看出它与墨西哥有联系，我想把它放在我的架子上，作为对墨西哥的一个美好回忆，”她说。A. description描述；B. report报告；C. reminder提醒物；D. product产品。根据前文“it had a connection to Mexico”可知，安娜想把这个和墨西哥有联系的花瓶放在架子上，作为对墨西哥的一个美好回忆或提醒物。故选C。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：今年1月，当她因工作访问墨西哥城的国家人类学博物馆时，她看到展出的玛雅花瓶，与她所拥有的花瓶惊人地相似。A. board木板；B. stage舞台；C. display展览；D. demand要求。根据前文“while visiting the National Museum of Anthropology in Mexico City for work”可知，博物馆正在展出花瓶。on display 是固定短语，意为“展出”。故选C。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今年1月，当她因工作访问墨西哥城的国家人类学博物馆时，她看到展出的玛雅花瓶，与她所拥有的花瓶惊人地相似。A. meaningless无意义的；B. superior优越的；C. harmless无害的；D. similar相似的。根据后文““I was still  ____11____  that mine was real, but I thought I had better ask the museum about the  ____12____  to authenticate it,” she explained.”可知，安娜想找博物馆鉴定自己的花瓶可知，她看到的展出的花瓶和自己的相似。故选D。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我仍然怀疑我的是真的，但我想我最好问问博物馆如何鉴定它的真实性，”她解释说。A. doubtful怀疑的；B. proud自豪的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. nervous紧张的。根据后文“but I thought I had better ask the museum about the  ____12____  to authenticate it”可知，安娜仍然怀疑自己所拥有的花瓶是真的，所以想找人鉴定一下。故选A。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我仍然怀疑我的是真的，但我想我最好问问博物馆如何鉴定它的真实性，”她解释说。A. necessity必要性；B. desire欲望；C. reason理由；D. process流程。根据后文“Following the museum’s advice, she contacted the Mexican embassy and  ____13____  photos of her vase. She was informed that she possessed a(n)  ____14____  historical piece.”可知，安娜想询问博物馆鉴定花瓶真实性的流程。故选D。 13．考查动词短语辨析。句意：按照博物馆的建议，她联系了墨西哥大使馆，并提交了花瓶的照片。A. left out遗漏；B. asked for要求；C. sent in提交；D. gave away赠送。根据前文“she contacted the Mexican embassy”以及后文“photos of her vase”可知，安娜提交了花瓶的照片给墨西哥大使馆。故选C。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她被告知她拥有一件真正的历史文物。A. appealing吸引人的；B. unique独特的；C. ordinary普通的；D. genuine真正的。根据后文“it’s real”可知，安娜被告知她拥有一件真正的历史文物。故选D。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：周一，在华盛顿特区的墨西哥文化学院举行了一个归还仪式，墨西哥驻美国大使出席了仪式。A. followed跟随；B. attended参加，出席；C. discovered发现；D. created创造。根据后文“by Mexico’s Ambassador to the U. S.”可知，墨西哥驻美国大使出席了仪式。故选B。 A skywell, or "tian jing", is a typical feature of a traditional home in China. 1 a northern Chinese courtyard, or “yuan zi”a skywell is smaller and less exposed to the outdoor environment. They are 2 seen in homes dating to Ming and Qing dynasties, which were designed to 3 different generations of relatives. Although a skywell's size and design vary from region to region, it is always rectangular and located in the Core of a house, either 4 by rooms on four sides or three sides plus a wall. Skywells were designed to cool buildings before air-conditioning existed. When wind blows above a skywell house, it can enter the indoor space through the opening. Because outdoor air is often cooler than indoor air, the 5 breeze travels down the walls to the lower storeys and create air 6 by replacing warmer indoor air,  which rises and leaves through the opening. The main purpose of a skywell is to allow in light, improve ventilation (通风) and 7 rainwater. In Huizhou, a skywell is small but tall, and the rooms around it can 8 sunlight on hot days, enabling the bottom of the skywell to stay cool. 9 hot air inside the house can rise and escape through the opening above the skywell, which“works just like a 10 ” As a(n) 11 space between indoor life and the outdoor environment, a skywell acts as an effective heat buffer(缓冲)to shield residents from the hot air outside. But the largest part of skywell's cooling effect actually comes when there are bodies of water in the enclosure. Evaporated water cools hot air, a process known as evaporative cooling which is 12 in Huizhou skywells. In the past, Huizhou families collected rainwater in their skywells because they believed this could safeguard and boost their wealth. Skywells therefore have channels around them to 13 rainwater coming from the roofs. Though existing in China for hundreds of years, in recent times they have often been forgotten by people who prefer modern 14 . Over the past two decades, however, due to a 15 of traditional Chinese architecture, skywell buildings have been making a comeback. 1．A．Parallel with B．Different from C．Close to D．Symbolic of 2．A．commonly B．rarely C．apparently D．currently 3．A．bind B．gather C．house D．honor 4．A．enclosed B．separated C．accompanied D．replaced 5．A．calming B．refreshing C．incoming D．upcoming 6．A．pollution B．pressure C．current D．circulation 7．A．promise B．harvest C．stop D．process 8．A．block out B．bathe in C．allow for D．let out 9．A．Nevertheless B．Meanwhile C．Similarly D．Rather 10．A．well B．column C．chimney D．ceiling 11．A．ideal B．leisure C．alternative D．transition 12．A．well-reflected B．well-shaded C．well-developed D．well-organized 13．A．collect B．purify C．drain D．evaporate 14．A．techniques B．facilities C．styles D．inventions 15．A．reunion B．reminder C．renewal D．rearrangement 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．C 11．D 12．A 13．C 14．B 15．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了天井这一传统结构的起源和发展，阐述了天井的实际功能，并表明了在当今中国传统建筑恢复存在的背景下，天井又开始出现在人们视野当中。 1．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：与中国北方的庭院或“院子”不同，天井更小，更少暴露在户外环境中。A. Parallel with与……平行；B. Different from与……不同；C. Close to离……近；D. Symbolic of……的象征。根据上文“A skywell, or "tian jing", is a typical feature of a traditional home in China.”以及下文“a skywell is smaller and less exposed to the outdoor environment.”可知，天井与北方庭院不同。故选B项。 2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：它们常见于明清时期的房屋中，这些房屋是为不同世代的亲属而设计的。A. commonly通常地；B. rarely很少地；C. apparently明显地；D. currently目前。根据下文“Though existing in China for hundreds of years, in recent times they have often been forgotten by people who prefer modern 14 .”可知，天井在中国存在了数百年，常见于明清时期的房屋中。故选A项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们常见于明清时期的房屋中，这些房屋是为不同世代的亲属而设计的。A. bind结合；B. gather聚集；C. house容纳；D. honor荣誉。根据下文“Because outdoor air is often cooler than indoor air, the 5 breeze travels down the walls to the lower storeys and create air 6 by replacing warmer indoor air,  which rises and leaves through the opening.”可知，有天井的房屋是有多层结构的，可容纳几代人。故选C项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管天井的大小和设计因地区而异，但它始终是矩形的，位于房屋的核心，要么由四面的房间包围，要么由三面加一堵墙包围。A. enclosed包围；B. separated分离；C. accompanied伴随；D. replaced替代。根据下文“or three sides plus a wall”可知，天井被四面包围。故选A项。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为室外空气通常比室内空气凉爽，所以进来的微风沿着墙壁传播到较低的楼层，并通过取代温暖的室内空气来创造空气循环，室内空气通过开口上升和离开。A. calming令人冷静的；B. refreshing清新的；C. incoming进来的；D. upcoming即将到来的。根据前文“Because outdoor air is often cooler than indoor air”可知，进来的是凉爽的风。故选C项。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为室外空气通常比室内空气凉爽，所以进来的微风沿着墙壁传播到较低的楼层，并通过取代温暖的室内空气来创造空气循环，室内空气通过开口上升和离开。A. pollution污染；B. pressure压力；C. current目前的；D. circulation循环。根据前文“outdoor air is often cooler than indoor air”以及后文“replacing warmer indoor air, which rises and leaves through the opening.”可知，凉爽的风进来，温暖的风出去，构成循环。故选D项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：天井的主要用途是采光，改善通风并收集雨水。A. promise承诺；B. harvest收获；C. stop阻止；D. process处理。根据下文“In the past, Huizhou families collected rainwater in their skywells because they believed this could safeguard and boost their wealth.”可知，天井的作用是可以收集雨水。故选B项。 8．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在惠州，天井虽小但很高，周围的房间可以挡住在炎热日子里的阳光照射，使天井底部保持凉爽。A. block out封锁，遮挡；B. bathe in沐浴在……中；C. allow for考虑到；D. let out放出。根据下文“enabling the bottom of the skywell to stay cool”可知，天井挡住阳光照射，因此使得天井底部保持凉爽。故选A项。 9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，房子里的热空气可以上升并通过天井上方的开口排出，天井“就像烟囱一样工作”。A. Nevertheless然而；B. Meanwhile同时；C. Similarly相似地；D. Rather相当地。根据下文“hot air inside the house can rise and escape through the opening above the skywell”可知，天井阻挡阳光照射和凉热空气循环是同时进行的。故选B项。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，房子里的热空气可以上升并通过天井上方的开口排出，天井“就像烟囱一样工作”。A. well井；B. column栏杆；C. chimney烟囱；D. ceiling天花板。根据前文“hot air inside the house can rise and escape through the opening above the skywell”可知，热空气上升通过天井排放，这种工作原理与烟囱相似。故选C项。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为室内生活和室外环境之间的过渡空间，天井起到了有效的热缓冲作用以保护居民免受室外热空气的影响。A. ideal理想；B. leisure闲暇时光；C. alternative选择；D. transition过渡。根据后文“a skywell acts as an effective heat buffer(缓冲)to shield residents from the hot air outside”可知，天井是一个过渡空间，起到了缓冲作用保护居民免受室外热空气的影响。故选D项。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：蒸发水冷却热空气，这一过程被称为蒸发冷却，得到了很好的反响。A. well-reflected反响良好的；B. well-shaded遮荫良好的；C. well-developed发展良好的；D. well-organized组织良好的。根据后文“Over the past two decades, however, due to a 15 of traditional Chinese architecture, skywell buildings have been making a comeback.”可知天井建筑是收到良好反响的，正在卷土重来。故选A项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，天井周围有排水沟，用来排出屋顶的雨水。A. collect收集；B. purify净化；C. drain排水； D. evaporate蒸发。根据前文“In the past, Huizhou families collected rainwater in their skywells because they believed this could safeguard and boost their wealth. (过去，徽州家庭在他们的天井中收集雨水，因为他们相信这可以保护和增加他们的财富)”可知，天井收集雨水，然后使用周围的排水沟，用来排出这些来自屋顶的雨水，从而达到调节温度的作用。故选C项。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管它们在中国已经存在了数百年，但近年来，它们经常被那些喜欢现代化设施的人遗忘。A. techniques技术；B. facilities设施；C. styles风格；D. inventions发明。根据后文“Over the past two decades, however, due to a 15 of traditional Chinese architecture, skywell buildings have been making a comeback.”可知天井正在卷土重来，以及前句“forgotten by people who prefer modern 14 ”可知天井被喜欢现代化设施的人遗忘。故选B项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在过去的二十年里，由于中国传统建筑的更新，天井建筑正在卷土重来。A. reunion重聚；B. reminder提醒；C. renewal恢复；D. rearrangement重新安排。根据后文“skywell buildings have been making a comeback”可知天井正在卷土重来，是因为过去二十年里，中国传统建筑开始恢复在人们视野当中了。故选C项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Cultural Heritage 单元话题完形填空 Unit 1 Cultural Heritage单元话题：文化遗迹 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 Heritage Education China’s “Cultural and Natural Heritage Day” 1 on the second Saturday of June every year. Many celebrations are 2 on the day. There is no doubt that different kinds of celebrating 3 across the country will arouse (唤醒) public 4 of the importance of cultural heritage protection and 5 the young people to love the fine traditional culture of the motherland. China faces a heavy task to protect and rescue its cultural 6 . We need to consider 7 the harm of the lack of awareness about cultural heritage protection. Thus, heritage 8 is one of our main approaches (方法). People cannot properly value cultural heritage if they do not know why it is 9 or how to protect it. Over the past several years, the protection centre has 10 over a hundred educational seminars (研究会) to different groups, such as schools, government offices, 11 the general public. Many people have attended the seminars. Typically, each seminar 12 two to three hours and 13 of an informative presentation, followed by a longer question-and-answer session and discussion. Each attender 14 limited knowledge of cultural heritage considered it to be just the Forbidden City and the Great Wall. People often think that the duty only 15 to the government. So “Cultural and Natural Heritage Day” will be a welcome opportunity to educate people on world heritage protection. 1．A．falls B．revises C．applies D．prevents 2．A．updated B．suggested C．protested D．held 3．A．accesses B．adventures C．affairs D．activities 4．A．determination B．promotions C．awareness D．professions 5．A．inspire B．persuade C．limit D．identify 6．A．proposals B．discoveries C．wonders D．relics 7．A．creatively B．seriously C．extremely D．anxiously 8．A．civilization B．information C．education D．contribution 9．A．important B．awkward C．official D．confusing 10．A．insisted B．presented C．designed D．exchanged 11．A．as long as B．as good as C．as well as D．as much as 12．A．demands B．prefers C．lasts D．stresses 13．A．organizes B．consists C．forms D．becomes 14．A．in B．of C．for D．with 15．A．addicts B．belongs C．refers D．devotes I was raised in a village where people lived in harmony with the natural environment. Throughout the year we would have numerous 1 where all the villagers would 2 and celebrate. The entire village was like one big 3 . However, within less than a decade my village was no longer the 4 village that I grew up in. Due to rapid modernization, everything 5 . The rich cultural traditions that once held the village together were 6 . Everyone in the village was 7 in making money and had no time to participate in traditional celebrations. No one favored such a change, but they somehow 8 it as they felt that it was unavoidable. It made me feel 9 that some ancient traditions had not existed, so I 10 I had to do something. I 11 the Cultural Heritage Studies Program, which enabled me to gain a better understanding of cultural heritage 12 . Then I involved myself in protecting cultural heritage sites in my hometown. With the knowledge I 13 in the Cultural Heritage Studies Program, I was trying my best to help make the process of modernization run more 14 for cultural heritage sites with heritage protection as a focus point. I would say the success of the preservation work is the most 15 aspect of my job. 1．A．competitions B．festivals C．challenges D．choices 2．A．volunteer B．travel C．return D．gather 3．A．family B．city C．museum D．theater 4．A．real B．typical C．same D．independent 5．A．mattered B．changed C．improved D．continued 6．A．growing B．spreading C．disappearing D．working 7．A．fortunate B．successful C．expert D．occupied 8．A．accepted B．enjoyed C．believed D．noticed 9．A．confident B．excited C．guilty D．bad 10．A．pretended B．resolved C．forgot D．doubted 11．A．looked back on B．got rid of C．signed up for D．put up with 12．A．donation B．education C．preservation D．observation 13．A．acquired B．applied C．offered D．showed 14．A．privately B．smoothly C．rapidly D．normally 15．A．interesting B．boring C．demanding D．rewarding In central Afghanistan’s Bamiyan Valley stands the famous Buddhas of Bamiyan (巴米扬大佛). Hemmat was selling tickets for the cultural site inside a cool ticket office instead of in the 1 sun. However, that had not always been the 2 . “In the past, we worked in the sun, snow and rain,” Hemmat said. Things have been 3 after the building of two ticket offices which are also 4 as conservation workstations in the daytime, and security guard positions at night. These ticket offices were built with the 5 of a group of young scholars from China’s universities, and Friends of Dunhuang (Hong Kong), who have donated money to the 6 . Due to years of war and economic hardships, 7 in Bamiyan Valley were not 8 and cleaned for a long time, let alone being presented with an introduction. The 9 that once stopped the 10 of the cultural site have been solved now. “With our specific suggestions and financial 11 , most of the caves near the site have been 12 numbered and installed with introductory nameplates,” said Shao Xuecheng, a member of Friends of Dunhuang (Hong Kong). In addition, the Chinese scholars started a 13 to teach local children how to preserve cultural heritage. Kids from poor families could receive 14 for free. China’s great efforts in cultural heritage protection have been widely 15 . “I am grateful to our Chinese friends,” Hemmat said. 1．A．burning B．rising C．warm D．golden 2．A．truth B．standard C．case D．tradition 3．A．expected B．worsened C．affected D．improved 4．A．regarded B．used C．described D．identified 5．A．assistance B．belief C．encouragement D．creativity 6．A．guards B．locals C．construction D．shelter 7．A．offices B．caves C．facilities D．buildings 8．A．explored B．discovered C．remembered D．numbered 9．A．ideas B．problems C．warnings D．changes 10．A．development B．challenges C．protection D．losses 11．A．support B．management C．planning D．reporting 12．A．officially B．intentionally C．carelessly D．easily 13．A．business B．programme C．career D．study 14．A．food B．money C．protection D．training 15．A．enjoyed B．recognised C．discussed D．ignored Fan Jinshi, a Han Chinese, 1 acts as the honorary president of Dunhuang Academy. She first traveled all the way to Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes in the middle of the desert in July 1963 shortly after 2 from college, cherishing a dream to 3 the national cultural heritage, and remained there for more than 50 years. Over the past decades, she has 4 herself to the desert, as if her life and Dunhuang’s had blended into one, and became known as the “Daughter of Dunhuang”. Fan’s 5 to archaeology, protection and management of grottoes never 6 away, and she has made outstanding contributions to the 7 of “protecting, studying and carrying forward” Dunhuang grottoes through her works. Fan is a big advocate and active 8 of popularization of the Dunhuang culture, and has helped organize multiple successful Dunhuang arts exhibitions both at home and abroad, achieving 9 social and economic results. Fan also highly values nurturing and growing talent, 10 a solid foundation for the scientific development of Dunhuang grottoes cultural relics. She also actively works to solve any 11 between protection and opening-up of cultural relics for utilization. Her efforts have 12 the levels of protection and management modernization of Dunhuang grottoes and she has been praised as “a model in effective protection” by the Party and national leaders. Fan is in her eighties, but she continues to 13 the role as an honorary president of Dunhuang Academy even after 14 , becoming an advocate and model practitioner of the “Mogao Spirits” of being devoted to the desert, dedicated, 15 and enterprising. 1．A．extremely B．thankfully C．currently D．generally 2．A．starting B．graduating C．ending D．visiting 3．A．prevent B．trap C．stick D．protect 4．A．stayed B．absorbed C．devoted D．applied 5．A．pain B．commitment C．freedom D．decision 6．A．went B．fired C．discovered D．faded 7．A．effort B．accident C．cause D．respect 8．A．assistant B．promoter C．raiser D．offender 9．A．bad B．bright C．helpful D．sound 10．A．setting B．lying C．laying D．putting 11．A．conflicts B．struggles C．blames D．matters 12．A．risked B．boosted C．ordered D．pressed 13．A．trust B．get C．do D．perform 14．A．resign B．reference C．retirement D．review 15．A．responsible B．respectful C．proud D．disabled Even at 80, Mei continues to patrol (巡逻) the Shixiaguan section of the Great Wall. He lives in Shixia, a village located near the Great Wall. He has a(n) 1 for the wall. In 1979, Mei returned to his hometown and was 2 to see the wall damaged. Some villagers had even taken 3 from the wall to build houses. Determined to 4 the wall, Mei volunteered as a guardian (保护者), patrolling 20 km daily to 5 people doing so. In 1984, a Great Wall protection activity was 6 in Beijing, which inspired the villagers. Many returned the bricks. In 2006, Mei 7 a local volunteer protection union, with most of 8 becoming guardians. Inspired by Mei, his niece Liu, followed in his footsteps and 9 became a Great Wall guardian. “It is my 10 to protect cultural heritage,” she says. China has made a(n) 11 to protect the Great Wall. Between 2015 and 2023, 289 protection projects were 12 , and over 6,800 guardians nationwide are now 13 . Advanced technologies, such as drones (无人驾驶飞机), have also been 14 for protection. Although the Shixiaguan section is not yet open to the public, Mei hopes the 15 can attract more people to join the protection. 1．A．need B．affection C．reason D．gift 2．A．glad B．ready C．shocked D．likely 3．A．supplies B．bricks C．doors D．pipes 4．A．preserve B．identify C．paint D．build 5．A．observe B．keep C．imagine D．prevent 6．A．passed B．forced C．stopped D．buried 7．A．replaced B．protested C．established D．solved 8．A．locals B．experts C．athletes D．parents 9．A．secretly B．fluently C．gradually D．illegally 10．A．tradition B．responsibility C．proposal D．ability 11．A．mistake B．trap C．symbol D．effort 12．A．agreed B．discovered C．explained D．improved 13．A．growing B．working C．competing D．traveling 14．A．looked forward to B．taken control of C．made use of D．put up with 15．A．heritage B．destination C．video D．brochure British brothers James and Thomas Lindesay have spent months traveling across the Great Wall of China on foot. They 124 3,263 kilometres on the journey, a remarkable achievement at any time. Their 125 to complete this adventure came from their father, William Lindesay. Born in 1956 in Liverpool, William became 126 about the Great Wall later. In 1987, he 127 a great deal of media attention by spending 78 days walking the Great Wall across northern China. Villagers living at the foot of the world heritage site often see the tall, silver-haired foreigner 128 garbage along the Great Wall. He has devoted over 30 years to visiting, studying and protecting the structure, and has 129 10 books on the Great Wall based on his knowledge and experiences. His action and books influenced his two sons, who now share his 130 in the Great Wall. In 2016, the Lindesay brothers flew drones (无人机) at many 131 along the Great Wall and edited (剪辑) video works on the 132 of it, hoping to keep it safe from damage. Not 1 with merely recording parts of the Great Wall, the young brothers 2 wanted to find a new way to experience the structure and follow in their father's footsteps. Finally they 3 hiking it. The brothers' trip was 4 than they had imagined. They met many difficulties. But 5 the great wonder was life-changing, which gave them a better 6 of the structure and the history behind it. 1．A．challenged B．covered C．expanded D．started 2．A．desire B．task C．ability D．agreement 3．A．anxious B．particular C．serious D．enthusiastic 4．A．paid B．devoted C．attracted D．avoided 5．A．collecting B．burying C．sorting D．recycling 6．A．bought B．recommended C．reviewed D．published 7．A．pride B．success C．interest D．faith 8．A．buildings B．sections C．stages D．villages 9．A．protection B．discovery C．design D．origin 10．A．familiar B．satisfied C．careful D．busy 11．A．simply B．suddenly C．truly D．naturally 12．A．dreamed of B．carried on C．learned of D．decided on 13．A．tougher B．funnier C．greater D．shorter 14．A．approaching B．exploring C．repairing D．introducing 15．A．memory B．assessment C．impression D．understanding In central Afghanistan’s Bamyan Valley stands the famous Buddhas of Bamyan (巴米扬大佛). Hemmat was selling tickets for the cultural heritage inside a cool ticket office instead of in the 1 sun. However, that had not always been the 2 . “In the past, we worked in the sun, snow and rain,” Hemmat said. Things have been 3 after the building of two ticket offices which are also 4 as conservation work stations in the daytime, and security guard positions at night. These ticket offices are built with the 5 of a group of young scholars from China’s universities, and Friends of Dunhuang, who have donated money for the 6 . Due to years of war and economic hardships, 7 in Bamyan Valley were not 8 and cleaned for a long time, let alone being presented with an introduction. The 9 that were stopping the 10 of the cultural heritage have been solved now. “With our specific suggestions and financial 11 , most of the caves near the Buddha site have been 12 numbered and installed with introduction nameplates,” said Shao Xuecheng, a member of Friends of Dunhuang. In addition, the Chinese scholars started a 13 to teach local children how to preserve cultural heritages. Kids from poor families could receive 14 for free. China’s great efforts in cultural heritage protection have been widely 15 . “I am grateful to our Chinese friends,” Hemmat said. 1．A．burning B．rising C．warm D．golden 2．A．truth B．standard C．case D．tradition 3．A．unexpected B．worsened C．affected D．improved 4．A．regarded B．used C．described D．identified 5．A．assistance B．belief C．encouragement D．creativity 6．A．guards B．locals C．construction D．shelter 7．A．offices B．caves C．facilities D．buildings 8．A．explored B．discovered C．remembered D．numbered 9．A．ideas B．problems C．warnings D．puzzles 10．A．development B．challenges C．protection D．damage 11．A．support B．management C．planning D．report 12．A．officially B．intentionally C．carelessly D．easily 13．A．business B．program C．career D．study 14．A．food B．money C．information D．training 15．A．enjoyed B．recognized C．discussed D．ignored The impressive collection of literature in the Library Cave at the Mogao Caves in Dunhuang, Northwest China’s Gansu province, 1 one of the most inclusive, advanced and open 2 of the ancient Chinese, says Dunhuang specialist Zhao Xiaoxing. 3 in the Hexi Corridor, the main line of the ancient Silk Road, the caves, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, have been promoting goods and cultural 4 between the East and the West for more than 1,600 years. While the Dunhuang wall paintings have recorded the glories of the past 5 , the more than 60,000 items of literature 6 in the Library Cave, or Cave 17, dating from the 4th to the 11th centuries, have kept the 7 original quality through the written word, according to Dunhuang Academy. The value of the 8 was thoroughly demonstrated during the launch of the Digital Library Cave, a gamelike program 9 enables users to virtually witness, and participate in, the 10 and fall of the Library Cave on the website Digital Dunhuang or via the WeChat miniprogram, Cloud Museum of Dunhuang Caves. The Library Cave 11 in the mid-9th century and later 12 unopened for almost 1,000 years 166 being accidentally discovered by Taoist priest Wang Yuanlu in 1900.The majority of its cultural relics, consisting of Buddhist manuscripts, 13 and economic documents and other delicate and 14 items, are now kept in foreign museums. 1．A．collects B．represents C．finds D．changes 2．A．aspects B．difficulties C．moods D．hobbies 3．A．Sat B．Located C．Lost D．Moved 4．A．formations B．productions C．companies D．exchanges 5．A．visually B．vocally C．slowly D．brightly 6．A．rooted B．imagined C．housed D．printed 7．A．cultural B．national C．historical D．literal 8．A．books B．statues C．features D．literature 9．A．what B．that C．as D．whose 10．A．rise B．progress C．start D．innovation 11．A．was checked B．was ruined C．was built D．was removed 12．A．felt B．seemed C．banned D．remained 13．A．unless B．whether C．before D．after 14．A．overseas B．political C．additional D．fundamental 15．A．precious B．affordable C．secret D．fashionable 重难语篇提升练 The Washington, D．C． resident, Anna Lee 1 what she thought was a replica (复制品) of a Mayan vase for just $4. 2 , it turned out to be an authentic (真正的) artifact from the ancient Mayan civilization. Now, the vase is set to 3 to its country of origin. Anna bought the vase five years ago at a thrift store. She was about to 4 the store when she noticed the vase on a shelf near the checkout counter. “It seemed 5 , but not extremely old,” she remarked. The vase was 6 to Anna as she has worked in Mexico. “I could 7 it had a connection to Mexico, and I thought it would be a nice 8 of Mexico to have on my shelf,” she said. In January, while visiting the National Museum of Anthropology in Mexico City for work, she saw Mayan vases on 9 that looked remarkably 10 to the one she owned. “I was still 11 that mine was real, but I thought I had better ask the museum about the 12 to authenticate it,” she explained. Following the museum’s advice, she contacted the Mexican embassy and 13 photos of her vase. She was informed that she possessed a(n) 14 historical piece. “I received an e-mail saying, ‘Congratulations — it’s real and we would like it back,’” she said. On Monday, a repatriation (回国) ceremony was held at the Cultural Institute of Mexico in D．C．, 15 by Mexico’s Ambassador to the U. S. 1．A．broke B．purchased C．witnessed D．unearthed 2．A．Moreover B．Therefore C．Meanwhile D．However 3．A．return B．connect C．point D．lead 4．A．search B．exit C．recommend D．choose 5．A．delicate B．odd C．old D．fancy 6．A．accessible B．useful C．visible D．familiar 7．A．tell B．prove C．pretend D．imagine 8．A．description B．report C．reminder D．product 9．A．board B．stage C．display D．demand 10．A．meaningless B．superior C．harmless D．similar 11．A．doubtful B．proud C．surprised D．nervous 12．A．necessity B．desire C．reason D．process 13．A．left out B．asked for C．sent in D．gave away 14．A．appealing B．unique C．ordinary D．genuine 15．A．followed B．attended C．discovered D．created A skywell, or "tian jing", is a typical feature of a traditional home in China. 1 a northern Chinese courtyard, or “yuan zi”a skywell is smaller and less exposed to the outdoor environment. They are 2 seen in homes dating to Ming and Qing dynasties, which were designed to 3 different generations of relatives. Although a skywell's size and design vary from region to region, it is always rectangular and located in the Core of a house, either 4 by rooms on four sides or three sides plus a wall. Skywells were designed to cool buildings before air-conditioning existed. When wind blows above a skywell house, it can enter the indoor space through the opening. Because outdoor air is often cooler than indoor air, the 5 breeze travels down the walls to the lower storeys and create air 6 by replacing warmer indoor air,  which rises and leaves through the opening. The main purpose of a skywell is to allow in light, improve ventilation (通风) and 7 rainwater. In Huizhou, a skywell is small but tall, and the rooms around it can 8 sunlight on hot days, enabling the bottom of the skywell to stay cool. 9 hot air inside the house can rise and escape through the opening above the skywell, which“works just like a 10 ” As a(n) 11 space between indoor life and the outdoor environment, a skywell acts as an effective heat buffer(缓冲)to shield residents from the hot air outside. But the largest part of skywell's cooling effect actually comes when there are bodies of water in the enclosure. Evaporated water cools hot air, a process known as evaporative cooling which is 12 in Huizhou skywells. In the past, Huizhou families collected rainwater in their skywells because they believed this could safeguard and boost their wealth. Skywells therefore have channels around them to 13 rainwater coming from the roofs. Though existing in China for hundreds of years, in recent times they have often been forgotten by people who prefer modern 14 . Over the past two decades, however, due to a 15 of traditional Chinese architecture, skywell buildings have been making a comeback. 1．A．Parallel with B．Different from C．Close to D．Symbolic of 2．A．commonly B．rarely C．apparently D．currently 3．A．bind B．gather C．house D．honor 4．A．enclosed B．separated C．accompanied D．replaced 5．A．calming B．refreshing C．incoming D．upcoming 6．A．pollution B．pressure C．current D．circulation 7．A．promise B．harvest C．stop D．process 8．A．block out B．bathe in C．allow for D．let out 9．A．Nevertheless B．Meanwhile C．Similarly D．Rather 10．A．well B．column C．chimney D．ceiling 11．A．ideal B．leisure C．alternative D．transition 12．A．well-reflected B．well-shaded C．well-developed D．well-organized 13．A．collect B．purify C．drain D．evaporate 14．A．techniques B．facilities C．styles D．inventions 15．A．reunion B．reminder C．renewal D．rearrangement 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $