Unit 6 When disaster strikes 单元话题（自然灾害与防范）首字母填空进阶练15篇-2025-2026学年八年级英语上册重难点讲练全攻略（外研版2024）

2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 6 When disaster strikes 单元话题（自然灾害与防范）首字母填空进阶练15篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练5篇 阅读下面短文，并根据短文大意及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。(每空限填一词) The building is shaking. A woman with a baby in her arms is trying to open the door, but f 1 . Finding no way, she rushes into her bedroom and there they survive the earthquake. In a factory building, as the workshop floor swings under the terrible shaking, workers run for safety. Some hide under the machines and survive, but others who try to run o 2 are killed by the falling ceilings. These scenes, played by actors and actresses, are from a film of science education Making a Split Second Decision shown in 2016 on China Central TV in m 3 of Tangshan Earthquake. By studying both actual cases in the earthquake areas and s 4 experiments, experts find that buildings remain untouched for the first 12 seconds of an earthquake. In this short time, one has the best chance of surviving an earthquake by staying near the inside walls, in bedrooms and under beds, experts concluded in the film. Their advice was proved in the film, “Take a hiding place where you are rather than run, u 5 you are sure you can reach a safe open place in ten seconds.” 在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。 “Fire is a good servant (仆人) but a bad master (主人).” This is an old English saying. After people learned h 1 to make fire, they learned how to use it. It gave people heat and l 2 . People used it to keep warm and drive a 3 animals. People also learned how to cook food with it. But sometimes fire is dangerous. People lose their homes and their l 4 in fires. So people should be careful. They mustn’t place an electric heater n 5 clothes. Young people mustn’t play with fire. Fire can help people. But it can also hurt people. On January 7, 2025, a strong 6.8-magnitude earthquake struck Dingri County in Tibet. The quake happened at 9:05 a.m. near Cuoguo Township, shaking an area w 1 over 6,900 inhabitants. Sadly, 126 people lost their lives, and 188 were i 2 , including 28 seriously hurt people who needed hospital care. The earthquake d 3 more than 3,600 homes, especially in villages where old mud-brick houses collapsed. Survivors recalled (回忆) running out of their homes on the cold morning, some still in pajamas. R 4 teams faced many difficulties: freezing temperatures (-18°C), high altitude (4,500 meters), and over 1,000 aftershocks. Oxygen shortages and broken equipment slowed rescue work, while landslides added dangers. Over 600 rescuers, i 5 firefighters and volunteers, worked day and night. They handed out tents, food, and medicine. Helicopters flew injured people to hospitals, but shelters (避难处) were overcrowded, with 10 families sometimes sharing one tent. Locals showed great courage, villagers saving their animals and firefighters digging through ruins with bare hands. People a 6 China sent warm clothes and supplies to help. Experts explained that Tibet sits on a major e 7 zone where tectonic plate (地壳构造板块) meet. Many old buildings couldn’t withstand the shaking, l 8 to high casualties (伤亡人数). Leaders stressed the need for stronger houses and better disaster plans in risky a 9 . This tragedy (悲剧) r 10 us of nature’s power and the importance of preparation. While rebuilding continues, teaching communities about earthquake safety and improving infrastructure (基础设施) will help protect lives in the future. 根据首字母提示，完成短文中所缺词汇。 A very strong earthquake hit Morocco at midnight on Sept 8, 2023. At that time, Said was away from his family home in the small town of Tamaloukte, near the epicenter (震中) of the earthquake. He hurried back home through the b 1 buildings that covered the roads. Said found that his house was completely destroyed (毁坏) when he a 2 home. Mohamed, Said’s father, was trying his best to save his three grandchildren who were still inside. U 3 , two of Said’s three children—his 11-year-old daughter, Asma, and 5-year-old son, Ibrahim—didn’t survive (存活). “I was s 4 at home when the earthquake hit. Later a neighbour told me that my second house where the grandchildren were had fallen down, so I hurried to save them but found them under the ruins (废墟). The house c 5 down while they were inside,” Mohamed said. Asma and Ibrahim were among the 47 people who lost their l 6 in the earthquake. Some volunteers p 7 Said’s family with a tent, warm clothes, and food to help them live through the first part of the disaster. The Moroccan Red Crescent, w 8 the help of the Qatar Red Crescent, also helped Said’s family as they dealt with their big loss (损失). In the face of disasters, it’s i 9 to bring back what people have lost, but offering a hand in time can help families like Said’s spend their hard time. This help is just the first step in what will likely be a long and hard j 10 for a family to get better after an earthquake. Disasters are merciless (无情的), but there is love in the world. Fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使短文通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给出） The Answer Is In the Trees Dave Meko, a scientist at the University of Arizona, noticed that from 1999 to the following years it became drier and drier. And water levels in the huge Colorado River were dropping rapidly. This was the b 1 of a serious drought (干旱). Everyone began asking, “How long will it last?” Meko believed that he could find the answer in the trees. Meko is a tree-ring expert. He studies the rings within a tree to find information about climate change. Each year, a tree adds a new layer of wood. These layers look like a series of rings. During times of h 2 rainfall, a ring is wide. When there is a shortage of water, a ring is narrow. These rings are nature’s record of rainfall and climate change. Meko and his team quickly started a new research project. Their goal was to find out how long previous droughts lasted. The team collected as many old wood samples as possible. They tested wood samples from 1,200 years ago until the p 3 . When they examined the rings, the news about rainfall in the past was not good. Meko’s research showed that the 20th century was an unusually wet time. Trees from this period had wide, healthy rings. Rain was plentiful during that century, millions of people moved to the region. Before that time, however, the rings showed that droughts occurred on a r 4 basis. In fact, drought was part of the usual climate pattern. There were severe droughts in the 900s, the 1100s, and the late 1200s. Human history s 5 to support Meko’s findings. The native Anasazi lived in this area for hundreds of years, starting around 500 AD．They were farmers and depended on water to grow their crops. However, at the end of the 13th century, the Anasazi suddenly left the area. Experts do not know e 6 why the Anasazi left. They think it was because there was no longer enough water to farm. And Meko’s tree rings clearly show a serious drought at that time. How long will the current drought last? Using nature’s c 7 from the past, experts predict that this drought may continue for another 50 years. 进阶拓展训练5篇 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空限一词。 Earthquakes are one of the most t 1 natural disasters. We cannot prevent them, and we don’t know when they will h 2 . This makes earthquakes very d 3 . Recently, there have been big earthquakes in China, Japan, India, and El Salvador. What c 4 earthquakes? Well, all the countries and oceans are sitting on l 5 pieces of plates (板块). The plates are all a 6 the Earth. They fit t 7 like a big puzzle (拼图). Earthquakes happen when two plates m 8 against (对着) each other. Some parts of the Earth s 9 up and down, like ocean waves (波浪). We do not know when earthquakes will happen, but we can do some things to keep ourselves s 10 . We can make tall buildings and houses stronger. And we can teach people what to do if there is an earthquake. This way, we can make these natural disasters just a little less terrible. 根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 Ben could hear strong winds outside his home in Alabama. Black clouds were making the sky very d 1 . With no light outside, it felt like midnight. The news on TV reported that a heavy rainstorm would h 2 this area. Everyone in the neighbourhood was b 3 . Ben’s dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was putting some candles and matches on the table. Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to b 4 heavily against the windows. After dinner, they tried to play a card game, but it was hard to have fun with a s 5 storm happening outside. Ben couldn’t sleep at first. He finally fell a 6 when the wind was dying down at 3:00 a.m. When he woke up, the sun was r 7 . He went outside and found fallen trees, broken windows and rubbish were e 8 . They joined the neighbours to c 9 up the neighbourhood together. The storm broke many things into pieces, b 10 it brought families and neighbours closer together. 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。 Ben would hear strong winds outside his home in Alabama. Black clouds were making the s 1 very dark. With no l 2 outside, it felt like midnight. The news on TV r 3 that a heavy rainstorm was in the area. Everyone in the neighborhood was b 4 . Dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were w 5 . She also put some candles and matches on the table. Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows. After dinner, they tried to play a card game, b 6 it was hard to have fun with a serious storm happening outside. Ben could not s 7 at first. He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m. When he w 8 up, the sun was rising. He went outside with his family and found the neighborhood in a m 9 . Fallen trees, broken windows and rubbish were everywhere. They joined the neighbors to help clean up the neighborhood together. Although the storm broke many things apart, it brought families and neighbors c 10 together. 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。 As parents, you can help children deal with the fear of natural disasters and help protect them from being hurt by t 1 them how disasters happen, and what to do when disasters happen. Here are some tips for you: ◆F 2 out what disasters are possible in your area by visiting your local library; ◆Think about w 3 your family should go if your house is destroyed; ◆Teach children the warning s 4 and signals in your area and practise what to do if a disaster happens. ◆Once you know the danger, ask your children to help check the s 5 in your house. You and your children can also work together on a disaster plan and p 6 a disaster box with food, water and necessary tools. ◆If a disaster does happen, pay a 7 to your children’s behaviour. Changes in behaviour, for example, acting strangely, m 8 that your children need help. ◆Allow children to share their f 9 about what has happened such as drawing a picture or writing a story. ◆Let friends and neighbours help you i 10 they can. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words.(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。) Few people in China enjoy storms more than Liu Yijing. Other people may close their windows to block out sounds of the storm. Liu, h 1 , jumps excitedly for each and every storm. More than that, he will then drive into the heart of them. Since 2020, chasing storms has become a part of Liu’s life. The 21-year-old has travelled a 2 30,000 kilometers across China. He takes photos of storms and shares them o 3 and they get a lot of likes and comments. The young man has become more and more popular. He has been invited to give speeches at universities. CCTV has even begun to use his works. Not long ago, one of his photos was chosen as the cover for Advances in Atmospheric Science (《大气科学进展》). As a storm photographer, Liu is amazing. But there are o 4 things that make him even more special. One day, Liu came across a f 5 . The man told him that a storm had damaged (破坏) the local crops. Liu felt sad. He r 6 that the things he loved could also bring damage. Liu decided to do something. He started to make short videos about extreme weather (极端天气). Many people are now learning new things about the weather from him. “I hope my work can help people better understand n 7 ,” said the storm chaser. 能力综合实践5篇 Humans can’t stop natural disasters because we can’t stop the power of n 1 . For example, a flood comes when there is too much water on land. Sometimes, it can come after a b 2 rainstorm at sea. Then too much seawater comes onto the land. A fast m 3 flood can hurt us. It can also hurt our homes. We can’t stop the water from coming, but we can t 4 to stop the water by making a wall with sandbags. Sometimes, the sandbags help stop the water. Sometimes they don’t. An earthquake h 5 where land moves. The land goes up and down. The land s 6 . We may be hurt by things that fall down in an earthquake. Falling things can s 7 fires. We can’t stop an earthquake from coming. We can try to make our homes strong in order to p 8 them from falling down in an earthquake. A tornado (龙卷风) is fast a 9 that goes around and around over the land. A tornado can pick up everything. It can break anything. A typhoon is a big storm with fast-moving wind and rain. It b 10 at sea and can come onto land. Its fast wind can hurt us and our homes. We can’t stop the power of nature, but we can go to safe places. 根据首字母提示完成短文。 Most typhoons in the world have girls’ names. Sometimes they have very b 1 names. Rose is a pretty name but there was nothing pretty about Typhoon Rose. It was one of the w 2 typhoons to hit Hong Kong, China. It began to r 3 early on the morning of August 16th, 1971. At ten o’clock in the morning, the wind was blowing people’s u 4 away. The wind became stronger and stronger. The typhoon shelters (避风港) were soon f 5 of boats. Ships that were too big to go inside the shelters put down more anchors (锚). Some very big ships went out to sea. It is s 6 for a big ship to be at sea in a typhoon because then it cannot be blown onto the rocks. The airport closed. No p 7 were able to take off or land. At 9:00 in the evening, all lights went out. No one slept well that night. It is difficult to sleep in such bad w 8 . It was reported that Typhoon Rose k 9 more than one hundred people. Hundreds of people were injured and many of them had to go to hospital. Thousands of people l 10 their homes. The people of Hong Kong will not quickly forget Typhoon Rose! 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整 Earthquakes are one of the most t 1 natural disasters. We cannot prevent them, and we don’t know when they will h 2 . This makes earthquakes very d 3 . Recently, there have been earthquakes in China, Japan, India, and El Salvador. What c 4 earthquakes? Well, all the land and the ocean are sitting on l 5 pieces of plates (板块). The plates are all a 6 the earth. They fit t 7 like a big puzzle (拼图). Earthquakes may happen when two plates m 8 against each other. Some parts of the earth s 9 , like ocean waves (波浪). We do not know when earthquakes will take place, but we can do some things to keep ourselves s 10 . We can teach people what to do if there is an earthquake. This way, we can make these natural disasters just a little less terrible. 在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给。 Every year, thousands of people’s lives are affected by disasters. This week the editor Becky in News Magazine i 1 a disaster survivor Fiona. Becky: Fiona, you were in a cyclone (龙卷风). Where was that? Fiona: In north Australia, in Normanton. That’s where I live. Becky: What did you do when the cyclone arrived? Fiona: We all stayed inside, in the basement, because that’s the s 2 place. We could hear the storm coming closer and closer. The noise was awful. At one point there was a really loud noise. I thought: “That’s it! It’s going to destroy the house!” I was s 3 . Becky: And what happened after the cyclone? Fiona: There were terrible floods. More than 360 millimetres of rain fell in just twenty-four hours. The army had to bring food and water to the whole area by plane and helicopter. The s 4 thing was that waves from the coast and rivers flooded the land and carried three crocodiles to near my house! One of my neighbours hit a crocodile with his car—it was 1.6 metres long. Becky: Really? That’s hard to believe! So is everything b 5 to normal again now? Fiona: Not really. The floods have gone, but they destroyed a lot of homes and farms. It’s going to cost at least 110 million dollars to repair the damage. Becky: Is the w 6 usually this bad? Fiona: No, but this summer was very hot. If it stays hot, there will probably be another cyclone. All the experts say that the chances of the extreme temperatures and heavy rain will i 7 because of climate change. 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Every year, 12,000 to 14,000 e 1 happen around the world, killing tens of thousands of lives. So when scientists talk about monitoring（监测）earthquakes, every second counts. Recently, a new AI system d 2 by China is shortening the time it will take to detect（探测）earthquakes. After an earthquake happens, most researchers can quickly release（发布）the time, p 3 , magnitude（震级）and depth of the earthquake. H 4 , they often don’t include the focal mechanism parameters（震源机制参数）, which can be used to predict（预测）the possible distribution（分布）of strong aftershocks（余震）. “It t 5 three to 10 minutes for other countries to release the focal mechanism parameters, but by this time, the earthquake has fully happened and the h 6 has been done,” Zhu said. “This new system can p 7 the focal mechanism parameters in just one second and release the information before the aftershocks reach some areas.” “If we are a 8 to receive the warning information three seconds earlier after an earthquake happens, we’ll be able to r 9 the wounded by 14 %. With 10 seconds earlier, the wounded can be reduced by 39%.” Zhu said. This improvement is possible thanks to a deep learning method. The system is trained with millions of earthquake samples（样本）. It’s now t 10 in Yunnan and Sichuan provinces. 8 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 9 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 6 When disaster strikes 单元话题（自然灾害与防范）首字母填空进阶练15篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练5篇 阅读下面短文，并根据短文大意及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。(每空限填一词) The building is shaking. A woman with a baby in her arms is trying to open the door, but f 1 . Finding no way, she rushes into her bedroom and there they survive the earthquake. In a factory building, as the workshop floor swings under the terrible shaking, workers run for safety. Some hide under the machines and survive, but others who try to run o 2 are killed by the falling ceilings. These scenes, played by actors and actresses, are from a film of science education Making a Split Second Decision shown in 2016 on China Central TV in m 3 of Tangshan Earthquake. By studying both actual cases in the earthquake areas and s 4 experiments, experts find that buildings remain untouched for the first 12 seconds of an earthquake. In this short time, one has the best chance of surviving an earthquake by staying near the inside walls, in bedrooms and under beds, experts concluded in the film. Their advice was proved in the film, “Take a hiding place where you are rather than run, u 5 you are sure you can reach a safe open place in ten seconds.” 【答案】1．(f)ails 2．(o)utside 3．(m)emory 4．(s)cientific 5．(u)nless 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在地震中能够保证安全的可靠时间。 1．句意：一位怀抱婴儿的妇女试图开门，但失败了。根据“Finding no way, she rushes into her bedroom”可知，她找不到路，冲进卧室，所以开门失败了，fail“失败”，根据“is”“rushes”可知句子是一般现在时，主语是“A woman”，动词使用第三人称单数形式，故填(f)ails。 2．句意：一些人躲在机器下面，活了下来，但另一些人试图跑出去，却被掉落的天花板杀死了。根据“Some hide under the machines and survive, but others who try to run o...are killed by the falling ceilings.”可知，试图跑出去的人被掉落的天花板杀死了，outside“在外，外面”符合语境，故填(o)utside。 3．句意：这些由男女演员饰演的场景，来自2016年中央电视台为纪念唐山大地震而播放的一部科普电影《瞬间做出决定》。“Making a Split Second Decision”是为了纪念唐山大地震，in memory of“纪念”，故填(m)emory。 4．句意：通过研究地震地区的实际情况和科学实验，专家们发现，在地震发生的前12秒，建筑物都没有受到影响。根据“By studying both actual cases in the earthquake areas and s...experiments, experts find that buildings remain untouched for the first 12 seconds of an earthquake.”可知，专家们进行科学实验，scientific“科学的”符合语境，作定语修饰experiments，故填(s)cientific。 5．句意：躲起来，而不是跑，除非你确定你能在十秒内到达一个安全的开放的地方。“you are sure you can reach a safe open place in ten seconds”是“Take a hiding place where you are rather than run”的否定条件，用unless引导条件状语从句，故填(u)nless。 在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。 “Fire is a good servant (仆人) but a bad master (主人).” This is an old English saying. After people learned h 1 to make fire, they learned how to use it. It gave people heat and l 2 . People used it to keep warm and drive a 3 animals. People also learned how to cook food with it. But sometimes fire is dangerous. People lose their homes and their l 4 in fires. So people should be careful. They mustn’t place an electric heater n 5 clothes. Young people mustn’t play with fire. Fire can help people. But it can also hurt people. 【答案】1．(h)ow 2．(l)ight 3．(a)way 4．(l)ives 5．(n)ear 【导语】本文讲述了谚语“火是一把双刃剑”，火可以帮助人，但也可以伤害人。对此提出一些建议，如人们要小心使用、不能在衣服附近放置电加热器、年轻人不能玩火等。 1．句意：人们学会了如何生火之后，就学会了如何使用它。根据下文“they learned how to use it.”及结合首字母提示可知，此处使用how，表示“如何生火”，疑问词how+动词不定式用法。故填(h)ow。 2．句意：它给人们带来光和热。根据“It gave people heat and...”及结合首字母提示可知，它给人们带来光和热。light“光”，不可数名词。故填(l)ight。 3．句意：人们用它来取暖，驱赶动物。drive away“驱赶”，固定短语。故填(a)way。 4．句意：人们在火灾中失去了家园和生命。lose one’s life “丢失生命”，固定短语；其前有形容词性物主代词their修饰，因此使用其复数形式lives。故填(l)ives。 5．句意：他们不能在衣服附近放置电加热器。根据“They mustn’t place an electric heater...clothes.”及结合生活常识可知，不能在衣服附近放置电加热器。near“在……附近”，介词。故填(n)ear。 On January 7, 2025, a strong 6.8-magnitude earthquake struck Dingri County in Tibet. The quake happened at 9:05 a.m. near Cuoguo Township, shaking an area w 1 over 6,900 inhabitants. Sadly, 126 people lost their lives, and 188 were i 2 , including 28 seriously hurt people who needed hospital care. The earthquake d 3 more than 3,600 homes, especially in villages where old mud-brick houses collapsed. Survivors recalled (回忆) running out of their homes on the cold morning, some still in pajamas. R 4 teams faced many difficulties: freezing temperatures (-18°C), high altitude (4,500 meters), and over 1,000 aftershocks. Oxygen shortages and broken equipment slowed rescue work, while landslides added dangers. Over 600 rescuers, i 5 firefighters and volunteers, worked day and night. They handed out tents, food, and medicine. Helicopters flew injured people to hospitals, but shelters (避难处) were overcrowded, with 10 families sometimes sharing one tent. Locals showed great courage, villagers saving their animals and firefighters digging through ruins with bare hands. People a 6 China sent warm clothes and supplies to help. Experts explained that Tibet sits on a major e 7 zone where tectonic plate (地壳构造板块) meet. Many old buildings couldn’t withstand the shaking, l 8 to high casualties (伤亡人数). Leaders stressed the need for stronger houses and better disaster plans in risky a 9 . This tragedy (悲剧) r 10 us of nature’s power and the importance of preparation. While rebuilding continues, teaching communities about earthquake safety and improving infrastructure (基础设施) will help protect lives in the future. 【答案】 1．(w)ith 2．(i)njured 3．(d)estroyed 4．(R)escue 5．(i)ncluding 6．(a)round/(a)cross 7．(e)arthquake 8．(l)eading 9．(a)reas 10．(r)eminds 【导语】本文主要讲述了2025年1月7日西藏定日县发生的6.8级地震，以及地震造成的破坏、救援工作和未来的预防措施。 1．句意：地震发生在上午9点05分，地点在措果乡附近，使有6900多名居民的地区震动。根据“over 6,900 inhabitants”和首字母提示可知，这个地区有6900多人。with“有”，介词，与over 6,900 inhabitants构成介词短语，修饰inhabitants。故填(w)ith。 2．句意：悲伤的是，126人丧生，188人受伤，其中包括28名需要住院治疗的严重受伤者。空处位于were后，修饰人，填形容词作表语。根据“people who needed hospital care”和首字母提示可知，此处表示188人受伤。injured“受伤的”，形容词。故填(i)njured。 3．句意：地震摧毁了3600多所房屋，尤其是在那些老旧的泥砖房倒塌的村庄。描述过去的事情用一般过去时。空处位于主语earthquake后，填动词过去式作谓语。根据“more than 3,600 homes”和首字母提示可知，此处指地震摧毁房屋。destroy“毁坏”，动词，指由于不可抵抗的外界原因摧毁，过去式为destroyed。故填(d)estroyed。 4．句意：救援队伍面临许多困难：零下18度的低温、4500米的高海拔和1000多次余震。根据“faced many difficulties”和首字母提示可知，此处指救援队伍面临困难。rescue“救援”，不可数名词，作定语修饰teams，位于句首首字母大写。故填(R)escue。 5．句意：超过600名救援人员，包括消防员和志愿者，日夜工作。根据“firefighters and volunteers”和首字母提示可知，此处指救援人员包括消防员和志愿者。此句含有谓语动词worked，空处填介词。including“包括”，介词。故填(i)ncluding。 6．句意：中国人民送来了温暖的衣物和物资来帮助受灾地区。空处到China作后置定语，修饰People，表示中国各地的人。around China或across China都表示“中国各地”。故填(a)round/(a)cross。 7．句意：专家解释说，西藏位于一个主要的地震带上，这里是地壳构造板块交汇的地方。根据“zone”和首字母提示可知，此处指地震带。earthquake zone“地震带”，earthquake“地震”，可数名词，作定语，修饰名词zone。故填(e)arthquake。 8．句意：许多老建筑无法承受震动，导致伤亡惨重。根据“Many old buildings couldn’t withstand the shaking”和“high casualties”可知，伤亡惨重是房屋不能承受震动造成的结果，用动名词作结果状语。lead“造成，导致”，动词，动名词为leading。故填(l)eading。 9．句意：领导人强调在风险地区需要建造更坚固的房屋和制定更好的灾害计划。空处位于形容词risky后，填名词作宾语。根据“stronger houses and better disaster plans”和首字母提示可知，要在风险地区建造坚固的房屋。area“地区”，可数名词，前无冠词修饰，用复数的areas。故填(a)reas。 10．句意：这场悲剧提醒我们大自然的力量和准备工作的重要性。描述事实用一般现在时。空处位于第三人称单数主语This tragedy后，填动词三单形式作谓语。根据“us of nature’s power and the importance of preparation”和首字母提示可知，此处指这场地震提醒我们大自然的力量。remind sb of sth“提醒某人某事”，remind“提醒”，动词，三单形式为reminds。故填(r)eminds。 根据首字母提示，完成短文中所缺词汇。 A very strong earthquake hit Morocco at midnight on Sept 8, 2023. At that time, Said was away from his family home in the small town of Tamaloukte, near the epicenter (震中) of the earthquake. He hurried back home through the b 1 buildings that covered the roads. Said found that his house was completely destroyed (毁坏) when he a 2 home. Mohamed, Said’s father, was trying his best to save his three grandchildren who were still inside. U 3 , two of Said’s three children—his 11-year-old daughter, Asma, and 5-year-old son, Ibrahim—didn’t survive (存活). “I was s 4 at home when the earthquake hit. Later a neighbour told me that my second house where the grandchildren were had fallen down, so I hurried to save them but found them under the ruins (废墟). The house c 5 down while they were inside,” Mohamed said. Asma and Ibrahim were among the 47 people who lost their l 6 in the earthquake. Some volunteers p 7 Said’s family with a tent, warm clothes, and food to help them live through the first part of the disaster. The Moroccan Red Crescent, w 8 the help of the Qatar Red Crescent, also helped Said’s family as they dealt with their big loss (损失). In the face of disasters, it’s i 9 to bring back what people have lost, but offering a hand in time can help families like Said’s spend their hard time. This help is just the first step in what will likely be a long and hard j 10 for a family to get better after an earthquake. Disasters are merciless (无情的), but there is love in the world. 【答案】 1．(b)roken 2．(a)rrived 3．(U)nfortunately/(U)nluckily 4．(s)leeping 5．(c)ame 6．(l)ives 7．(p)rovided 8．(w)ith 9．(i)mpossible 10．(j)ourney 【导语】本文讲述了2023年9月8日晚摩洛哥发生地震，造成包括赛义德的两个孩子在内的47人死亡，志愿者和摩洛哥红新月会为受灾家庭提供援助，帮助他们渡过难关，重建生活。 1．句意：他匆匆穿过布满道路的残破建筑回家。根据上文“Said was away from his family home in the small town of Tamaloukte, near the epicenter (震中) of the earthquake”并结合首字母提示可知，发生了地震，房子应是倒塌，毁坏了，broken“损坏的”符合。故填(b)roken。 2．句意：赛义德到家时发现他的房子完全被毁了。根据“Said found that his house was completely destroyed”并结合首字母提示可知，此处指到家时发现自己家发生的事情，arrive“到达”，句子时态为一般过去时，动词使用过去式。故填(a)rrived。 3．句意：不幸的是，赛义德的三个孩子中有两个——他11岁的女儿阿斯玛和5岁的儿子易卜拉欣——没有幸存下来。根据“his 11-year-old daughter, Asma, and 5-year-old son, Ibrahim—didn’t survive”并结合首字母提示可知，两个孩子没有幸存下来，应是不幸的事情，unfortunately/unluckily“不幸的是”，副词，修饰整个句子，句首首字母大写。故填(U)nfortunately/(U)nluckily。 4．句意：地震发生时，我正在家里睡觉。根据“I was…at home when the earthquake hit.”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指地震发生时，自己在睡觉，sleep“睡觉”，此处应用现在分词形式，与was构成过去进行时。故填(s)leeping。 5．句意：他们在里面的时候房子塌了。根据上文“Later a neighbour told me that my second house where the grandchildren were had fallen down, so I hurried to save them but found them under the ruins (废墟).”并结合首字母提示可知，房子塌了，come down“落下”，句子时态为一般过去时，动词使用过去式came。故填(c)ame。 6．句意：阿斯玛和易卜拉欣在地震中丧生的47人之中。根据上文“his 11-year-old daughter, Asma, and 5-year-old son, Ibrahim—didn’t survive”并结合首字母提示可知，两个孩子没有幸存下来，此处指失去生命，根据空前的“their”可知，此处用复数形式lives“生命”。故填(l)ives。 7．句意：一些志愿者为赛义德的家人提供了帐篷、保暖的衣服和食物，以帮助他们度过灾难的第一部分。根据“Said’s family with a tent, warm clothes, and food to help them live through the first part of the disaster”并结合首字母提示可知，是给他们提供救助，provide sb. with sth.“给某人提供某物”，句子时态为一般过去时，动词使用过去式provided。故填(p)rovided。 8．句意：摩洛哥红新月会在卡塔尔红新月会的帮助下，也帮助赛义德的家人处理了他们的巨大损失。根据“The Moroccan Red Crescent,…the help of the Qatar Red Crescent, also helped Said’s family as they dealt with their big loss”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指在卡塔尔红新月会的帮助下，摩洛哥红新月会帮助赛义德的家人处理了他们的巨大损失，with the help of…“在……的帮助下”，是固定词组。故填(w)ith。 9．句意：面对灾难，人们不可能挽回失去的东西，但及时伸出援手可以帮助像赛义德这样的家庭度过艰难的时光。根据“it’s…to bring back what people have lost”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指人们不可能挽回失去的东西，impossible“不可能的”符合。故填(i)mpossible。 10．句意：这种帮助只是地震后一个家庭康复的漫长而艰难旅程的第一步。根据“This help is just the first step in what will likely be a long and hard…for a family to get better after an earthquake.”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指这种帮助只是地震后一个家庭康复的漫长而艰难旅程的第一步，journey“旅程”符合，a后接单数名词。故填(j)ourney。 Fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使短文通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给出） The Answer Is In the Trees Dave Meko, a scientist at the University of Arizona, noticed that from 1999 to the following years it became drier and drier. And water levels in the huge Colorado River were dropping rapidly. This was the b 1 of a serious drought (干旱). Everyone began asking, “How long will it last?” Meko believed that he could find the answer in the trees. Meko is a tree-ring expert. He studies the rings within a tree to find information about climate change. Each year, a tree adds a new layer of wood. These layers look like a series of rings. During times of h 2 rainfall, a ring is wide. When there is a shortage of water, a ring is narrow. These rings are nature’s record of rainfall and climate change. Meko and his team quickly started a new research project. Their goal was to find out how long previous droughts lasted. The team collected as many old wood samples as possible. They tested wood samples from 1,200 years ago until the p 3 . When they examined the rings, the news about rainfall in the past was not good. Meko’s research showed that the 20th century was an unusually wet time. Trees from this period had wide, healthy rings. Rain was plentiful during that century, millions of people moved to the region. Before that time, however, the rings showed that droughts occurred on a r 4 basis. In fact, drought was part of the usual climate pattern. There were severe droughts in the 900s, the 1100s, and the late 1200s. Human history s 5 to support Meko’s findings. The native Anasazi lived in this area for hundreds of years, starting around 500 AD．They were farmers and depended on water to grow their crops. However, at the end of the 13th century, the Anasazi suddenly left the area. Experts do not know e 6 why the Anasazi left. They think it was because there was no longer enough water to farm. And Meko’s tree rings clearly show a serious drought at that time. How long will the current drought last? Using nature’s c 7 from the past, experts predict that this drought may continue for another 50 years. 【答案】1．(b)eginning 2．(h)eavy 3．(p)resent 4．(r)egular 5．(s)eems 6．(e)xactly 7．(c)ode 【导语】本文讲述了亚利桑那大学的科学家Dave Meko发现干旱问题越来越严重，Meko和他的团队通过研究发现树上的年轮和气候有很大关系，并预测干旱将会持续50年。 1．句意：这是一场严重干旱的开始。根据“from 1999 to the following years it became drier and drier. And water levels in the huge Colorado River were dropping rapidly.”及首字母提示可知，这是严重干旱的开始，空前定冠词the修饰用名词形式beginning“开始”。故填(b)eginning。 2．句意：在大雨期间，年轮很宽。根据“When there is a shortage of water, a ring is narrow.”及首字母提示可知，应表达大雨期间，heavy“大量的”，形容词修饰名词rainfall。故填(h)eavy。 3．句意：他们测试了从1200年前到现在的木材样本。根据“from 1,200 years ago until the p...”及首字母提示可知，应表达从1200年前到现在，present“现在”。故填(p)resent。 4．句意：然而，在此之前，这些年轮表明干旱经常发生。根据“In fact, drought was part of the usual climate pattern. There were severe droughts in the 900s, the 1100s, and the late 1200s.”可知，应表达干旱经常发生，on a regular basis“经常”，固定搭配。故填(r)egular。 5．句意：人类历史似乎支持Meko的发现。根据“They think it was because there was no longer enough water to farm. And Meko’s tree rings clearly show a serious drought at that time.”及首字母提示可知，应表达人类历史似乎支持Meko的发现，seem“似乎”，时态为一般现在时，主语Human history为单数，谓语动词用三单形式。故填(s)eems。 6．句意：专家们不知道Anasazi离开的确切原因。根据“They think”及首字母提示可知，他们应该是不知道确切原因，exactly“确切地”，副词修饰动词know。故填(e)xactly。 7．句意：根据过去的自然规律，专家预测这场干旱可能还会持续50年。根据“Using nature’s c...from the past”及首字母提示可知，科学家们是用过去大自然运行的规律密码，code“密码”。故填(c)ode。 进阶拓展训练5篇 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空限一词。 Earthquakes are one of the most t 1 natural disasters. We cannot prevent them, and we don’t know when they will h 2 . This makes earthquakes very d 3 . Recently, there have been big earthquakes in China, Japan, India, and El Salvador. What c 4 earthquakes? Well, all the countries and oceans are sitting on l 5 pieces of plates (板块). The plates are all a 6 the Earth. They fit t 7 like a big puzzle (拼图). Earthquakes happen when two plates m 8 against (对着) each other. Some parts of the Earth s 9 up and down, like ocean waves (波浪). We do not know when earthquakes will happen, but we can do some things to keep ourselves s 10 . We can make tall buildings and houses stronger. And we can teach people what to do if there is an earthquake. This way, we can make these natural disasters just a little less terrible. 【答案】 1．(t)errible 2．(h)appen 3．(d)angerous 4．(c)auses 5．(l)arge 6．(a)round 7．(t)ogether 8．(m)ove 9．(s)hake 10．(s)afe 【导语】本文主要对近来地震发生的地区，地震的成因和如何应对地震进行了简要说明。 1．句意：地震是最可怕的自然灾害之一。根据“Earthquakes are one of the most t...natural disasters.”及首字母可知，地震是最可怕的自然灾害之一，terrible“可怕的”。故填(t)errible。 2．句意：我们无法阻止它们，我们也不知道它们何时会发生。根据“We cannot prevent them, and we don’t know when they will h...”及首字母可知，我们无法阻止地震，也不知道地震何时会发生，happen“发生”，空格前will是情态动词，后加动词原形。故填(h)appen。 3．句意：这使得地震非常危险。根据“This makes earthquakes very d...”及首字母可知，地震是非常危险的自然灾害，dangerous“危险的”。故填(d)angerous。 4．句意：地震的原因是什么? 根据下文“Well, all the countries and oceans are sitting on large pieces of plates (板块).”及首字母可知，这里是在询问地震的成因是什么，cause“引起，导致”，文章使用了一般现在时，主语是What，需要使用cause的三单形式causes。故填(c)auses。 5．句意：所有的国家和海洋都坐落在大块的板块上。根据常识及首字母可知，所有的国家和海洋都位于巨大的板块上，large“巨大的”。故填(l)arge。 6．句意：这些板块环绕着地球。根据“The plates are all a...the Earth.”和首字母可知，所有的板块都环绕着地球，around“环绕”。故填(a)round。 7．句意：它们就像一个巨大的拼图。根据“They fit t...like a big puzzle (拼图).”及首字母可知，这些板块拼在一起就像是一个巨大的拼图，together“在一起”。故填(t)ogether。 8．句意：当两个板块相互运动时，就会发生地震。根据“Earthquakes happen when two plates m...against (对着) each other.”及首字母以及常识可知，这些板块相互运动，产生摩擦，就会发生地震，move“运动”，文章为一般现在时，主语是two plates，move用动词原形。故填(m)ove。 9．句意：地球的某些部分像海浪一样上下晃动。根据“Some parts of the Earth s...up and down, like ocean waves (波浪).”及首字母可知，地震发生时，这些板块会上下晃动，shake“晃动，摇摆”，主语为Some parts of the Earth，shake应使用原形。故填(s)hake。 10．句意：我们不知道地震什么时候会发生，但是我们可以做一些事情来保证自己的安全。根据“We do not know when earthquakes will happen, but we can do some things to keep ourselves s...”及首字母可知，我们可以做一些事情来保证自己的安全，safe“安全的”。故填(s)afe。 根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 Ben could hear strong winds outside his home in Alabama. Black clouds were making the sky very d 1 . With no light outside, it felt like midnight. The news on TV reported that a heavy rainstorm would h 2 this area. Everyone in the neighbourhood was b 3 . Ben’s dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was putting some candles and matches on the table. Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to b 4 heavily against the windows. After dinner, they tried to play a card game, but it was hard to have fun with a s 5 storm happening outside. Ben couldn’t sleep at first. He finally fell a 6 when the wind was dying down at 3:00 a.m. When he woke up, the sun was r 7 . He went outside and found fallen trees, broken windows and rubbish were e 8 . They joined the neighbours to c 9 up the neighbourhood together. The storm broke many things into pieces, b 10 it brought families and neighbours closer together. 【答案】 1．(d)ark 2．(h)it 3．(b)usy 4．(b)eat 5．(s)erious 6．(a)sleep 7．(r)ising 8．(e)verywhere 9．(c)lean 10．(b)ut 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Ben和家人一起经历了一场严重的暴风雨，并在灾后和邻居们一起打扫社区的事件。 1．句意：乌云正使得天空变得灰暗。根据“Black clouds were making the sky”可知，乌云让天变暗，首字母为d，应填入形容词dark。故填(d)ark。 2．句意：电视上的新闻报道说这个地区将会有一场暴雨。情态动词would后接动词原形。根据“a heavy rainstorm”及首字母h，hit the area表示“（暴风雨）袭击这个地区”。故填(h)it。 3．句意：社区里的每个人都很忙碌。根据下一句“Ben’s dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was putting some candles and matches on the table.”可知，Ben的爸爸在把木板放在窗户上，而他的妈妈在桌子上放了一些蜡烛和火柴，由此可知，社区里的每个人都在为这场暴风雨而忙碌，首字母为b，因此应填入形容词busy。故填(b)usy。 4．句意：Ben正在帮他妈妈做饭，这时雨开始猛烈地打在窗户上。begin to do sth表示“开始做某事”，根据“when the rain began to...heavily against the windows”及首字母为b可知，应是雨水拍打着窗户，beat“敲，打”符合语境，beat heavily表示“猛烈地击打”。故填(b)eat。 5．句意：晚饭后，他们试图玩卡牌游戏，但是外面正下着一场严重的暴风雨，很难玩得开心。storm为名词，其前应用形容词修饰。根据上文“a heavy rainstorm”可知这场暴风雨非常大，首字母为s，可用形容词serious“严重的”来修饰。故填(s)erious。 6．句意：凌晨3点，风渐渐平息，他终于睡着了。fall asleep表示“睡着”，首字母为a。故填(a)sleep。 7．句意：当他醒来时，太阳正在升起。根据“the sun was”可知此处应是描述太阳正在升起，句子采用过去进行时，因此空格处应填入动词的现在分词，首字母为r，应用动词rise的现在分词rising。故填(r)ising。 8．句意：他走到外面，发现到处都是倒下的树木、破碎的窗户和垃圾。谓语动词found后接省略引导词that的宾语从句，从句谓语动词为were，首字母为e，因此此处应填入副词everywhere“到处”来形容灾后的场景。故填(e)verywhere。 9．句意：他们和邻居们一起打扫这个社区。根据“joined the neighbourhood to”可知后接动词原形，表示目的。首字母为c，结合语境，此处应是指“打扫社区”，应填入动词clean。故填(c)lean。 10．句意：虽然暴风雨把很多东西都打得粉碎，但它使家庭和邻居更紧密地联系在一起。根据空格前的“暴风雨把很多东西都打得粉碎”和空格后“它使家庭和邻居更紧密地联系在一起”可知两句存在转折关系，首字母为b，因此应填入表示转折关系的并列连词but。故填(b)ut。 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。 Ben would hear strong winds outside his home in Alabama. Black clouds were making the s 1 very dark. With no l 2 outside, it felt like midnight. The news on TV r 3 that a heavy rainstorm was in the area. Everyone in the neighborhood was b 4 . Dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were w 5 . She also put some candles and matches on the table. Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows. After dinner, they tried to play a card game, b 6 it was hard to have fun with a serious storm happening outside. Ben could not s 7 at first. He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m. When he w 8 up, the sun was rising. He went outside with his family and found the neighborhood in a m 9 . Fallen trees, broken windows and rubbish were everywhere. They joined the neighbors to help clean up the neighborhood together. Although the storm broke many things apart, it brought families and neighbors c 10 together. 【答案】 1．(s)ky 2．(l)ight 3．(r)eported 4．(b)usy 5．(w)orking 6．(b)ut 7．(s)leep 8．(w)oke 9．(m)ess 10．(c)loser 【导语】本文介绍了本和家人经历的一次暴风雨的过程。 1．句意：乌云正在使天空变得漆黑一片。根据“Black clouds”及首字母s可知此处应用名词sky表示“天空”。故填(s)ky。 2．句意：外面没有光，感觉就像是午夜。根据“very dark”可知，屋外一片漆黑，没有光，根据首字母l可知应用名词light表示“光”。故填(l)ight。 3．句意：电视上的新闻报道说该地区有一场特大暴风雨。根据“The news on TV”及首字母r可知应用动词report来表示“报道”，句子应用一般过去时，report的过去式为reported。故填(r)eported。 4．句意：社区里的每个人都很忙碌。根据“Dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were…. She also put some candles and matches on the table.”可知，爸爸妈妈都在忙着为暴风雨做准备，根据首字母b可知此处应用形容词busy表示“忙碌的”。故填(b)usy。 5．句意：爸爸在窗户上放木头，而妈妈则在确保手电筒和收音机正常工作。根据“making sure the flashlights and radio were”可知此处表示妈则在确保手电筒和收音机正常工作，根据首字母w可知应用动词work表示“运作”，根据“were”可知此处应用过去进行时，动词work的现在分词为working。故填(w)orking。 6．句意：晚饭后，他们试着玩纸牌游戏，但是因为外面发生了严重的暴风雨，很难玩得开心。空格前后句子为转折关系，根据首字母b可知应用but表示转折。故填(b)ut。 7．句意：刚开始，本睡不着。根据下文“He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m.”及首字母s可知此处应用动词sleep表示“睡觉”。情态动词could后加动词原形。故填(s)leep。 8．句意：当他醒来时，太阳正在升起。根据“the sun was rising”及首字母w可知此处应用动词短语wake up表示“醒来”，句子采用一般过去时，动词wake的过去式为woke。故填(w)oke。 9．句意：他和家人一起出门，发现附近一片狼藉。根据下文“Fallen trees, broken windows and rubbish were everywhere.”及首字母m可知此处应用介词短语in a mess表示“一团乱”。故填(m)ess。 10．句意：尽管这场风暴使许多东西分崩离析，但它拉近了家庭和邻居的距离。根据“brought families and neighbors”及首字母c可知此处应用形容词close的比较级closer表示“更紧密的”。故填(c)loser。 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。 As parents, you can help children deal with the fear of natural disasters and help protect them from being hurt by t 1 them how disasters happen, and what to do when disasters happen. Here are some tips for you: ◆F 2 out what disasters are possible in your area by visiting your local library; ◆Think about w 3 your family should go if your house is destroyed; ◆Teach children the warning s 4 and signals in your area and practise what to do if a disaster happens. ◆Once you know the danger, ask your children to help check the s 5 in your house. You and your children can also work together on a disaster plan and p 6 a disaster box with food, water and necessary tools. ◆If a disaster does happen, pay a 7 to your children’s behaviour. Changes in behaviour, for example, acting strangely, m 8 that your children need help. ◆Allow children to share their f 9 about what has happened such as drawing a picture or writing a story. ◆Let friends and neighbours help you i 10 they can. 【答案】 1．(t)elling 2．(F)ind 3．(w)here 4．(s)igns 5．(s)afety 6．(p)repare 7．(a)ttention 8．(m)ean 9．(f)eelings 10．(i)f 【导语】本文主要介绍了作为父母，可通过多种方式帮助孩子应对自然灾害的恐惧并保护他们免受伤害，包括教孩子灾害相关知识、了解所在区域可能的灾害、规划家庭避难所、熟悉预警信号、检查房屋安全、准备防灾物资、关注孩子行为、允许孩子表达感受以及寻求他人帮助等。 1．句意：作为父母，你可以帮助孩子应对自然灾害的恐惧，并通过告诉他们灾害是如何发生的以及灾害发生时该怎么做，来帮助保护他们免受伤害。“by”是介词，后接动名词形式，根据“how disasters happen, and what to do when disasters happen”和首字母提示可知，动词“tell”，其动名词形式为“telling”，意为“告诉”，符合语境。故填(t)elling。 2．句意：通过访问当地图书馆，弄清楚你所在地区可能发生哪些灾害。本句为祈使句，以动词原形开头，“find out”是固定短语，意为“弄清楚，查明”符合语境。故填(F)ind。 3．句意：想想如果你的房子被毁坏了，你的家人应该去哪里。根据句法结构可知，此处是宾语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，应用“where”引导，表示“哪里”。故填(w)here。 4．句意：教孩子你所在地区的预警标志和信号，并练习如果灾害发生时该怎么做。“sign”意为“标志”，是可数名词，这里和“signals”并列，用其复数形式“signs”表示多种预警标志。故填(s)igns。 5．句意：一旦你知道了危险，让你的孩子帮忙检查你家里的安全情况。“the”后接名词，“safe”是形容词，其名词形式为“safety”意为“安全”，符合语境。故填(s)afety。 6．句意：你和你的孩子也可以一起制定灾害计划，并准备一个装有食物、水和必要工具的防灾箱。“and”连接并列的谓语动词，前面是动词原形“work”，这里也用动词原形，“prepare”意为“准备”符合语境。故填(p)repare。 7．句意：如果灾害真的发生了，注意你孩子的行为。“pay attention to”是固定短语，意为“注意”。故填(a)ttention。 8．句意：行为上的变化，例如举止怪异，意味着你的孩子需要帮助。主语“Changes”是复数，句子为一般现在时态，谓语动词用原形，“mean”意为“意味着”，符合句子逻辑。故填(m)ean。 9．句意：允许孩子分享他们对所发生事情的感受，比如画一幅画或写一个故事。根据“their”可知，可数名词“feeling”意为“感受”，其复数形式“feelings”表示“多种感受”符合语境。故填(f)eelings。 10．句意：如果朋友和邻居有能力，就让他们帮助你。根据语境和首字母提示可知，“if”意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句，符合逻辑。故填(i)f。 Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words.(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。) Few people in China enjoy storms more than Liu Yijing. Other people may close their windows to block out sounds of the storm. Liu, h 1 , jumps excitedly for each and every storm. More than that, he will then drive into the heart of them. Since 2020, chasing storms has become a part of Liu’s life. The 21-year-old has travelled a 2 30,000 kilometers across China. He takes photos of storms and shares them o 3 and they get a lot of likes and comments. The young man has become more and more popular. He has been invited to give speeches at universities. CCTV has even begun to use his works. Not long ago, one of his photos was chosen as the cover for Advances in Atmospheric Science (《大气科学进展》). As a storm photographer, Liu is amazing. But there are o 4 things that make him even more special. One day, Liu came across a f 5 . The man told him that a storm had damaged (破坏) the local crops. Liu felt sad. He r 6 that the things he loved could also bring damage. Liu decided to do something. He started to make short videos about extreme weather (极端天气). Many people are now learning new things about the weather from him. “I hope my work can help people better understand n 7 ,” said the storm chaser. 【答案】1．(h)owever 2．(a)bout 3．(o)nline 4．(o)ther 5．(f)armer 6．(r)ealized 7．(n)ature 【导语】本文主要介绍刘屹靖是一个风暴摄影师，拍摄很多风暴的照片并上传到网上。后来偶遇一位农民，了解到风暴对农作物的损害，刘屹靖决定做极端天气的短视频，让更多的人了解大自然。 1．句意：然而，刘屹靖为每一次风暴激动地跳跃。根据“Other people may close their windows to block out sounds of the storm”和“Liu… jumps excitedly for each and every storm.”可知，前后对比，刘屹靖和其他人面对风暴时的态度不一样，空格处表示转折。又因空格前后有逗号，此处则应该填副词，修饰整个句子，however“然而”符合语境。故填(h)owever。 2．句意：这位21岁的年轻人大约在中国旅行了30000公里。根据空格后是数字，以及首字母可知，30000公里是一个大约的数字，“大约”about。故填(a)bout。 3．句意：他拍下风暴的照片并分享到网上，得到了很多赞和评论。根据“and they get a lot of likes and comments”可知，是把照片分享到了网上，online“在网上”符合语境。故填(o)nline。 4．句意：但是有些其他的事情使他更加特别。根据下文提到暴风破坏农作物以及刘屹靖的做法可知，说的是其他让他很特别的事情。空格后名词复数things，other“其他的”符合语境。故填(o)ther。 5．句意：一天，他偶遇了一位农民。根据“The man told him that a storm had damaged (破坏) the local crops.”可知，这个人是农民，“农民”farmer。故填(f)armer。 6．句意：他意识到他喜欢的这个事情可能也会带来伤害。根据“Liu decided to do something.”可知，他意识到了一些事情。realize“意识到”，动词。空格后缺少谓语动词，用一般过去时。故填(r)ealized。 7．句意：我希望我的工作可以帮助人们更好地了解自然。根据“I hope my work can help people better understand”和所给首字母可知，是希望自己制作的关于极端天气的短视频能够让人们更好地了解大自然，“自然”nature。故填(n)ature。 能力综合实践5篇 Humans can’t stop natural disasters because we can’t stop the power of n 1 . For example, a flood comes when there is too much water on land. Sometimes, it can come after a b 2 rainstorm at sea. Then too much seawater comes onto the land. A fast m 3 flood can hurt us. It can also hurt our homes. We can’t stop the water from coming, but we can t 4 to stop the water by making a wall with sandbags. Sometimes, the sandbags help stop the water. Sometimes they don’t. An earthquake h 5 where land moves. The land goes up and down. The land s 6 . We may be hurt by things that fall down in an earthquake. Falling things can s 7 fires. We can’t stop an earthquake from coming. We can try to make our homes strong in order to p 8 them from falling down in an earthquake. A tornado (龙卷风) is fast a 9 that goes around and around over the land. A tornado can pick up everything. It can break anything. A typhoon is a big storm with fast-moving wind and rain. It b 10 at sea and can come onto land. Its fast wind can hurt us and our homes. We can’t stop the power of nature, but we can go to safe places. 【答案】 1．nature/ature 2．big/ig 3．moving/oving 4．try/ry 5．happens/appens 6．shakes/hakes 7．start/tart 8．prevent/revent 9．air/ir 10．begins/egins 【导语】本文主要讲述了自然灾害的成因、特点及人类的应对措施。 1．句意：人类无法阻止自然灾害，因为我们无法阻止自然的力量。根据“Humans can’t stop natural disasters”可知，此处指的是无法阻止自然的力量，名词nature表示“自然”，the power of nature表示“自然的力量”。故填nature。 2．句意：有时，它可能是在海上经历了一场大暴雨后出现的。根据“a...rainstorm”可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词，表示“大的暴雨”，形容词big表示“大的”。故填big。 3．句意：快速移动的洪水会伤害我们。根据“flood”可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词，表示“快速移动的洪水”，形容词moving表示“移动的”。故填moving。 4．句意：我们无法阻止水的到来，但我们可以尝试用沙袋筑墙来阻止水。根据“to stop the water by making a wall with sandbags”可知，此处指的是尝试用沙袋筑墙来阻止水，动词try表示“尝试”，情态动词can后接动词原形。故填try。 5．句意：地震发生在陆地移动的地方。根据“An earthquake”可知，此处指的是地震发生，动词happen表示“发生”，该句描述的是客观事实，因此用一般现在时，主语An earthquake为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填happens。 6．句意：陆地摇晃。根据“The land goes up and down”可知，此处指的是陆地摇晃，动词shake表示“摇晃”，该句描述的是客观事实，因此用一般现在时，主语是The land，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填shakes。 7．句意：掉落的东西会引发火灾。根据“Falling things can...fires”可知，此处指的是引发火灾，动词start表示“引发”，情态动词can后接动词原形。故填start。 8．句意：我们可以努力使我们的家坚固，以防止它们在地震中倒塌。根据“make our homes strong in order to...them from falling down in an earthquake”可知，此处指的是防止它们在地震中倒塌，动词prevent表示“防止”，in order to do sth表示“为了做某事”，因此用动词原形。故填prevent。 9．句意：龙卷风是在陆地上快速旋转的空气。根据“A tornado (龙卷风) is fast...that goes around and around over the land”可知，此处指的是快速旋转的空气，名词air表示“空气”，为不可数名词。故填air。 10．句意：它从海上开始，然后可以来到陆地上。根据“It...at sea and can come onto the land”可知，此处指的是它从海上开始，动词begin表示“开始”，该句描述的是客观事实，因此用一般现在时，主语It为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填begins。 根据首字母提示完成短文。 Most typhoons in the world have girls’ names. Sometimes they have very b 1 names. Rose is a pretty name but there was nothing pretty about Typhoon Rose. It was one of the w 2 typhoons to hit Hong Kong, China. It began to r 3 early on the morning of August 16th, 1971. At ten o’clock in the morning, the wind was blowing people’s u 4 away. The wind became stronger and stronger. The typhoon shelters (避风港) were soon f 5 of boats. Ships that were too big to go inside the shelters put down more anchors (锚). Some very big ships went out to sea. It is s 6 for a big ship to be at sea in a typhoon because then it cannot be blown onto the rocks. The airport closed. No p 7 were able to take off or land. At 9:00 in the evening, all lights went out. No one slept well that night. It is difficult to sleep in such bad w 8 . It was reported that Typhoon Rose k 9 more than one hundred people. Hundreds of people were injured and many of them had to go to hospital. Thousands of people l 10 their homes. The people of Hong Kong will not quickly forget Typhoon Rose! 【答案】 1．beautiful/eautiful 2．worst/orst 3．rain/ain 4．umbrellas/mbrellas 5．full/ull 6．safer/safe/afer/afe 7．planes/lanes 8．weather/eather 9．killed/illed 10．lost/ost 【导语】本文主要讲述了1971年台风“露丝”袭击中国香港时的破坏性影响。 1．句意：有时它们有着非常美丽的名字。结合下文“Rose is a pretty name”和首字母提示可知，此处指美丽的名字，空后是名词names，空处应是形容词beautiful，作定语。故填beautiful。 2．句意：这是袭击中国香港最严重的台风之一。根据“...but there was nothing pretty about Typhoon Rose. It was one of the...typhoons to hit Hong Kong, China.”和首字母提示可知，台风“露丝”是袭击香港的最严重的台风之一，“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”是固定搭配，表示“最……之一”，空处应是worst“最糟的，最严重的”。故填worst。 3．句意：131年8月16日清晨，天开始下雨了。根据“It began to...early on the morning of August 16th, 131.”和常识可知，台风常常伴随着下雨，rain“下雨”，begin to do“开始做某事”是固定搭配，空处是动词原形。故填rain。 4．句意：早上十点钟，风把人们的伞吹走了。根据“the wind was blowing people’s...away”和首字母提示可知，风很大，把雨伞都吹走了，umbrella“雨伞”，用其复数形式表泛指。故填umbrellas。 5．句意：避风港很快就挤满了船只。根据“The wind became stronger and stronger. The typhoon shelters (避风港) were soon...of boats.”和首字母提示可知，风越来越大，很多船都聚集在避风港，be full of“充满”是固定短语，符合语境。故填full。 6．句意：在台风天气里，大型船只在海上是（更）安全的，因为这样它们就不会被吹到礁石上。根据“It is...for a big ship to be at sea in a typhoon because then it cannot be blown onto the rocks.”和首字母提示可知，台风天气之下，大型船只在海上反而不会被吹到礁石上，那样才是安全的（那样才更安全），safe/safer均符合语境，作表语。故填safer/safe。 7．句意：没有飞机能够起飞或降落。根据上文“The airport closed.”可知，机场都关闭了，所以没有飞机能够起飞或降落，plane“飞机”，结合“were”可知，空处应是复数形式。故填planes。 8．句意：在这样恶劣的天气里，很难入睡。上文提到台风，那属于恶劣天气，weather“天气”，是不可数名词。故填weather。 9．句意：据报道，台风“露丝”导致一百多人死亡。根据“It was reported that Typhoon Rose...more than one hundred people.”和首字母提示可知，此处指台风致人死亡，kill“杀死，导致死亡”，句子用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填killed。 10．句意：数千人失去了家园。根据“Thousands of people...their homes.”和首字母提示可知，台风导致很多人失去了家园，lose“失去”，句子用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填lost。 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整 Earthquakes are one of the most t 1 natural disasters. We cannot prevent them, and we don’t know when they will h 2 . This makes earthquakes very d 3 . Recently, there have been earthquakes in China, Japan, India, and El Salvador. What c 4 earthquakes? Well, all the land and the ocean are sitting on l 5 pieces of plates (板块). The plates are all a 6 the earth. They fit t 7 like a big puzzle (拼图). Earthquakes may happen when two plates m 8 against each other. Some parts of the earth s 9 , like ocean waves (波浪). We do not know when earthquakes will take place, but we can do some things to keep ourselves s 10 . We can teach people what to do if there is an earthquake. This way, we can make these natural disasters just a little less terrible. 【答案】 1．(t)errible/(t)ypical 2．(h)appen 3．(d)angerous 4．(c)auses 5．(l)arge 6．(a)round 7．(t)ogether 8．(m)ove 9．(s)hake 10．(s)afe 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了地震的成因、危害以及如何在地震中保护自己。 1．句意：地震是最可怕的/典型的自然灾害之一。根据首字母提示和“natural disasters”可知，terrible意为“可怕的”，typical意为“典型的”，均符合语境。故填 (t)errible/(t)ypical。 2．句意：我们不能预防它，我们不知道它们何时会发生。空格在情态动词will后需接动词原形，根据首字母提示和“We cannot prevent them”，应填表示“发生”的动词。故填(h)appen。 3．句意：这使得地震非常危险。根据首字母提示和上下文对地震危害的描述可知，地震很危险，dangerous“危险的”，形容词作宾语补足语。故填(d)angerous。 4．句意：什么导致地震？空格是特殊疑问句的谓语动词，主语“What”为单数，需用三单形式。根据首字母提示和下文对地震成因的解释。故填(c)auses。 5．句意：陆地和海洋都位于巨大的板块上。根据首字母提示和板块理论常识可知，版块面积巨大，large“巨大的”，形容词作定语。故填(l)arge。 6．句意：所有的板块都环绕着地球。around the earth“环绕地球”，为固定搭配。故填(a)round。 7．句意：它们像拼图一样紧密拼接。根据首字母提示和比喻“like a puzzle”可知，此处指拼在一起，together意为“在一起”。故填(t)ogether。 8．句意：当两个板块相互碰撞时可能发生地震。根据首字母提示和常识可知，板块运动相撞，就有可能会发生地震，应用move；时态为一般现在时，主语是two plates。故填(m)ove。 9．句意：地球的某些部分会摇晃，像海浪一样。根据首字母提示和地震时的震动现象。时态为一般现在时，主语“parts”为复数，需动词原形。故填(s)hake。 10．句意：我们不知道地震什么时候会发生，但是我们可以做些事情来保证自身安全。根据首字母提示和防灾目的，safe意为“安全的”，形容词作宾语补足语。故填(s)afe。 在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给。 Every year, thousands of people’s lives are affected by disasters. This week the editor Becky in News Magazine i 1 a disaster survivor Fiona. Becky: Fiona, you were in a cyclone (龙卷风). Where was that? Fiona: In north Australia, in Normanton. That’s where I live. Becky: What did you do when the cyclone arrived? Fiona: We all stayed inside, in the basement, because that’s the s 2 place. We could hear the storm coming closer and closer. The noise was awful. At one point there was a really loud noise. I thought: “That’s it! It’s going to destroy the house!” I was s 3 . Becky: And what happened after the cyclone? Fiona: There were terrible floods. More than 360 millimetres of rain fell in just twenty-four hours. The army had to bring food and water to the whole area by plane and helicopter. The s 4 thing was that waves from the coast and rivers flooded the land and carried three crocodiles to near my house! One of my neighbours hit a crocodile with his car—it was 1.6 metres long. Becky: Really? That’s hard to believe! So is everything b 5 to normal again now? Fiona: Not really. The floods have gone, but they destroyed a lot of homes and farms. It’s going to cost at least 110 million dollars to repair the damage. Becky: Is the w 6 usually this bad? Fiona: No, but this summer was very hot. If it stays hot, there will probably be another cyclone. All the experts say that the chances of the extreme temperatures and heavy rain will i 7 because of climate change. 【答案】1．(i)nterviewed 2．(s)afest 3．(s)haking/(s)cared 4．(s)trangest 5．(b)ack 6．(w)eather 7．(i)ncrease 【导语】本文是一篇访谈，根据记者和幸存者的对话，展示了飓风后的幸存者生活的地方以及当时发生灾难的场景。 1．句意：本周，《新闻杂志》的编辑Becky采访了一位灾难幸存者Fiona。根据“This week the editor Becky in News Magazine…a disaster survivor Fiona.”及首字母提示可知，此处指采访，interview“采访”符合；句子时态为一般过去时。故填(i)nterviewed。 2．句意：我们都呆在里面，在地下室，因为那是最安全的地方。根据空前的“We all stayed inside, in the basement”和下文“We could hear the storm coming closer and closer.”及首字母提示可知，此处指最安全的地方，safest“最安全的”符合。故填(s)afest。 3．句意：我在发抖/害怕。根据上文“ We could hear the storm coming closer and closer. The noise was awful. At one point there was a really loud noise. I thought:‘That’s it! It’s going to destroy the house!’”及首字母提示可知，此处指害怕得发抖，shake“颤抖”或scared“害怕的”符合；根据空前的“was”可知，此处应用现在分词形式shaking。故填(s)haking/(s)cared。 4．句意：最奇怪的是，来自海岸和河流的海浪淹没了土地，把三条鳄鱼带到了我家附近！根据空后的“waves from the coast and rivers flooded the land and carried three crocodiles to near my house”和下文“Really? That’s hard to believe!”及首字母提示可知，此处指最奇怪的，strangest“最奇怪的”符合。故填(s)trangest。 5．句意：现在一切都恢复正常了吗？back to normal“恢复正常”，固定词组。故填(b)ack。 6．句意：天气通常这么糟糕吗？根据下文“No, but this summer was very hot. If it stays hot, there will probably be another cyclone.”及首字母提示可知，此处指天气。故填(w)eather。 7．句意：所有专家都表示，由于气候变化，极端温度和暴雨的可能性将增加。根据空后的“because of climate change”及首字母提示可知，此处指增加，increase“增加”符合；根据空前的“will”可知，此处应用动词原形。故填(i)ncrease。 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Every year, 12,000 to 14,000 e 1 happen around the world, killing tens of thousands of lives. So when scientists talk about monitoring（监测）earthquakes, every second counts. Recently, a new AI system d 2 by China is shortening the time it will take to detect（探测）earthquakes. After an earthquake happens, most researchers can quickly release（发布）the time, p 3 , magnitude（震级）and depth of the earthquake. H 4 , they often don’t include the focal mechanism parameters（震源机制参数）, which can be used to predict（预测）the possible distribution（分布）of strong aftershocks（余震）. “It t 5 three to 10 minutes for other countries to release the focal mechanism parameters, but by this time, the earthquake has fully happened and the h 6 has been done,” Zhu said. “This new system can p 7 the focal mechanism parameters in just one second and release the information before the aftershocks reach some areas.” “If we are a 8 to receive the warning information three seconds earlier after an earthquake happens, we’ll be able to r 9 the wounded by 14 %. With 10 seconds earlier, the wounded can be reduced by 39%.” Zhu said. This improvement is possible thanks to a deep learning method. The system is trained with millions of earthquake samples（样本）. It’s now t 10 in Yunnan and Sichuan provinces. 【答案】 1．(e)arthquakes 2．(d)eveloped 3．(p)laces 4．(H)owever 5．(t)akes 6．(h)arm 7．(p)rovide 8．(a)ble 9．(r)educe 10．(t)ested 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了中国研发的新型地震探测系统的用途。 1．句意：每年，全球要发生1万2千到1万4千场地震，夺去数万条生命。根据下文“So when scientists talk about monitoring（监测）earthquakes, every second counts.”可知，当科学家们谈到地震监测时，每一秒种都尤为重要。可知，本文谈论的是“地震”earthquake，首字母为e，基数词后接其复数形式earthquakes。故填(e)arthquakes。 2．句意：最近，中国研发的一个新型的智能系统正在缩短探测地震的时间。根据空格前的“a new AI system”可知此处指中国“研发”的地震监测系统，根据“by”可知此处应用动词的过去分词来表示被动，首字母为d，“研发”是动词develop，其过去分词为developed。故填(d)eveloped。 3．句意：地震发生后，大多数研究人员可以迅速发布时间、地点、震级以及地震的深度。根据“time”可知此处指地震后探测的时间、地点、震级以及地震的深度，首字母为p，“地点”是名词place，此处应用其复数形式places。故填(p)laces。 4．句意：然而，它们通常不包括震源机制参数，这个参数可以用来预测强烈余震可能分布的区域。根据“they often don’t include the focal mechanism parameters（震源机制参数）”可知，它们通常不包括震源机制参数，这表示转折，首字母为H，此处应填副词however“然而”，首字母大写。故填(H)owever。 5．句意：朱说：“其他国家需要3到10分钟才能发布震源机制参数，但此时，地震已经完全发生，危害已经造成。”根据空格后的“three to 10 minutes”可知此处表示其他国家发布震源机制参数需要花费的时间，首字母为t，“花费”用动词take，主语it为第三人称单数，句子为一般现在时，因此此处应填动词take的三单形式takes。故填(t)akes。 6．句意：朱说：“其他国家需要3到10分钟才能发布震源机制参数，但此时，地震已经完全发生，危害已经造成。”根据空格后的“has been done”可知主语应是单数意义，可以是不可数名词或可数名词的单数形式。根据“the earthquake has fully happened”可知地震发生会造成危害。“危害”应用名词harm，首字母为h。故填(h)arm。 7．句意：这个新系统可以在一秒钟内提供震源机制参数，并在余震到达某些地区之前发布信息。情态动词can后加动词原形。根据上文“they often don’t include the focal mechanism parameters（震源机制参数）”可知之前的系统没有提供震源机制参数，因此新系统能够提供这个参数。“提供”是动词provide。故填(p)rovide。 8．句意：如果我们能够在地震发生后提前三秒钟收到预警信息，我们将能够减少14%的伤员。提前10秒，伤员可以减少39%。”朱说。根据“we’ll be able to”可知此处表示如果我们能够提前收到预警信息，就可以减少伤员数量。be able to do表示“能够做某事”，首字母为a，因此此处应用形容词able。故填(a)ble。 9．句意：句意：如果我们能够在地震发生后提前三秒钟收到预警信息，我们将能够减少14%的伤员。提前10秒，伤员可以减少39%。”朱说。根据“With 10 seconds earlier, the wounded can be reduced by 39%.”可知，如果预警信息提前10秒公布，伤员就可以减少39%，因此此处也是指伤员的减少，“减少”用动词reduce，首字母为r。be able to do sth表示“能够做某事”，因此此处应填动词原形reduce。故填(r)educe。 10．句意：目前，这个系统在云南省和四川省进行测试。根据“is”可知后接动词的非谓语结构，结合语境，可知这个系统正在进行测试，首字母为t，“测试”用动词test，此处应用被动语态，因此应用test的过去分词tested。故填(t)ested。 16 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 21 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $