专题03 必修第一册Units 4～5 教材核心知识串讲（期末复习课件）高一英语上学期人教版

这是一份高中英语期末复习课件，针对人教版必修第一册Unit4~Unit5，共47页。以考情透视明确课标要求与考点分布，知识梳理系统整合单词、短语、句型及词形变化，语法串讲聚焦定语从句（关系代词/副词用法、that与which区别等），考场练兵含单句语法填空、完成句子及高考真题链接，构建完整复习支架。 资料特色突出，注重核心素养培育。语言能力方面，通过词汇辨析、句型运用及读写任务（如自然灾害防范写作）提升综合运用能力。文化意识层面，融入自然灾害防范与语言多样性主题，引导尊重文化差异。思维品质体现在定语从句规则对比（如that/which用法区别）及语境应用分析。学习能力培养上，知识梳理与实战训练结合，助力高一学生夯实基础、构建知识网络，同时为教师提供清晰复习路径，提升教学效率。

期末复习考点串讲 Unit 4 ~Unit 5 人教版·英语·必修第一册 01 考情透视·目标导航 目 录 语法串讲·融会贯通 知识梳理·夯实基础 考场练兵·实战训练 02 03 04 课标要求 考情分析 第一部分 考情透视·目标导航 课标要求 复习 that、which、who（whom）引导的定语从句；学习并掌握用 whose；引导的定语从句；能够运用关系代词引导的定语从句描述事物的具体信息。理 解 并 运 用 关 系 副 词 when、where、why 引 导 的 定 语 从 句； 理 解 in/on/atwhich 在定语从句中相当于 when、where；能够运用定语从句描述事物的具体信息。 能识别新闻报道、说明文、议论文的语篇结构，快速提取核心信息和支撑细节；能运用具体事例或逻辑推理，完成话题相关的书面表达（摘要、说明文）和口头汇报。 了解自然灾害的危害与防范意义，树立安全防护意识；认识世界语言的多样性，尊重不同文化的语言特色，坚定文化自信。 01 语言知识 02 语言能力 03 文化意识与情感态度 考情分析 语法与词汇 1. 定语从句（关系代词用法）、主谓一致的语境运用； 2. 单元核心词汇（如 disaster、survive、language、fluent 等）和短语（如 in ruins、come to an end、take part in、be fluent in 等）的辨析与搭配 阅读理解 1. 识别新闻报道、说明文的语篇结构，提取事实信息和作者观点； 2. 分析语篇中支撑细节与主旨的关系；3. 推断语篇隐含意义（灾害防范常识、语言文化内涵） 写作与表达 1. 以 “自然灾害防范” 或 “语言学习” 为主题，撰写短文（100-120 词），运用细节描写或说明性语言支撑观点；2. 正确运用所学语法和词汇，保证语篇逻辑连贯、表达得体 单词、短语、句型 第二部分 知识梳理·夯实基础 一、重点单词 1. ______________ 2. ______________ 3. ______________ 4. ______________ 5. ______________ 6. ______________ 7. ______________ 8. ______________ 9. ______________ 10. ______________ 11. ______________ 12. ______________ 13. ______________ 14. ______________ 15. ______________ 16. ______________ n. 灾难；灾害 n. 干旱 n./v. 洪水；泛滥 n./v. 滑动；滑坡 v./n. 营救；救援 v./n. 损害；损坏 v. 摧毁；毁灭 v./n. 毁坏；废墟 disaster drought flood slide rescue damage destroy ruin v./n. 困住；陷阱 v. 埋葬；掩埋 v. 幸存；存活 n./v. 震惊；使震惊 n. 电；电力 v. 呼吸 n. 努力；尽力 n./v. 避难所；庇护 trap bury survive shock electricity breathe effort shelter Unit 4 Natural disaster 1.________ n．死；死亡→_______ adj.死的→_________ adj.致命的→______ v．死亡 2．_________ vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动→_________ n．效果；结果；影响→___________ adj.有效的→___________ n．喜爱 3．________ n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊→___________ adj.令人震惊的→__________ adj.感到震惊的 4．______________ n．电；电能→___________ adj.电的；用电的→_____________ adj.电子的 death dead deadly die affect effect effective affection shock shocking shocked electricity electric electronic 词形变化 5．__________ vi.& vt.呼吸→________ n．呼吸→____________ adj.气喘吁吁的 6．_________ n．智慧；才智→_______ adj.明智的→_________ adj.不明智的 7._________ vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→____________ n．受难；苦楚 8．________ vi.& vt.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出→_________ n．喷发 breathe breath breathless wisdom wise unwise suffer suffering erupt eruption 9．__________ vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过→__________ n．幸存；生还→___________ n．幸存者；生还者 10．________ n．电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→_________ adj.强大的；强壮的→____________ adj.无力的 11．____________ n．突发事件；紧急情况→___________ adj.紧急的→_________ vi.浮现；出现 12．__________ vt.& vi.递送；传达 vt.发表→___________ n．投递；送交 survive survival survivor power powerful powerless emergency emergent emerge deliver delivery 13．__________ n．总结；概括；概要→_______________ vt.& vi.总结；概括 14．_________ n．长；长度→_______ adj.长的→_________ v．(使)变长→__________ adj.漫长的；冗长的 summary summariz(s)e length long lengthen lengthy 二、重点短语 1. ______________ 2. ______________ 3. ______________ 4. ______________ 5. ______________ 6. ______________ 7. ______________ 8. ______________ 9. ______________ 10. ______________ 11. ______________ 12. ________________ 13. ________________ 14. ______________ 15. ______________ 16. _______________________ 沦为废墟 结束 像往常一样 成千上万的 数百万的 处于震惊中 急救包 在手边；现有 冲走；清除 吹走 火山爆发 起伏；涨落 偶遇 在户外 把某人困在…… 挖出；发掘 in ruins come to an end as usual thousands of millions of in shock first aid kit on hand sweep away blow away volcanic eruption rise and fall come across in the open air trap sb. in dig out Unit 4 Natural disaster 三、句式积累 1.1.When a natural disaster strikes, is to keep calm and find a secure place.当自然灾害发生时，首要任务是保持冷静并找到安全的地方。 the first thing to do Unit 4 Natural disaster 2.Chickens and even pigs were , and dogs refused to go inside buildings. 鸡甚至连猪都太紧张而不能吃东西，狗也不愿意进屋里去。 3.It seemed . 仿佛世界末日即将来临。 4.Water, food, and electricity . 很难得到水、食物和电。 too nervous to eat as if the world were coming to an end were hard to get 13 一、重点单词 1. ______________ 2. ______________ 3. ______________ 4. ______________ 5. ______________ 6. ______________ 7. ______________ 8. ______________ 9. ______________ 10. ______________ 11. ______________ 12. ______________ 13. ______________ 14. ______________ 15. ______________ 16. ______________ n. 语言 adj. 流利的 v./n. 掌握；大师 adj./n. 本土的 adj./n. 官方的 v. 认出；承认 n. 口音；腔调 n. 词汇；词汇量 language fluent master native official recognise accent vocabulary n. 语法 v. 发音 n. 拼写 n. 表达；表情 n. 交流；沟通 n. 障碍；隔阂 n. 文化 n. 传统 grammar pronounce spelling expression communication barrier culture tradition Unit 5 language around the world 1．____________ n．指称关系；参考→________ vi.提到；参考；查阅 vt.查询；叫……求助于 2．_______ adj.以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征的) →_______ vt.以……为基础 n．底部；根据→________ n．基础→________ adj.基础的 3．_________ n．(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化→______ v．变化；不同→__________ adj.各种各样的 4．________ adj.主要的；重要的；大的 n．主修课程；主修学生 vi.主修；专门研究→___________ n．大多数 reference refer based base basis basic variety vary various major majority 词性变化 5．_________ adj.全球的；全世界的→________ n．地球；地球仪 6．_____________ vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi.增值→_______________ n．感激；欣赏→_______________ adj.感激的 7．___________ adj.特定的；明确的；具体的→_______________ adv.特定地；明确地 8．______ vt.恳求；祈求；哀求→_________ n．乞丐 9．_______ n．同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；同样的→________ adv.平等地→___________ n．平等 global globe appreciate appreciation appreciative specific specifically beg beggar equal equally equality 10．_________ n．要求；需求 vt.强烈要求；需要 vi.查问→____________ adj.要求高的 11．______________ n．描写(文字)；形容→___________ vt.描述 12．_________ vt.联系；讲述→__________ adj.相关的→___________ n．关系→_______________ n．关系 demand demanding description describe relate related relation relationship 二、重点短语 1. ______________ 2. ______________ 3. ______________ 4. ______________ 5. ______________ 6. ______________ 7. ______________ 8. ______________ 9. ______________ 10. ______________ 11. ______________ 12. ________________ 13. ________________ 14. ______________ 15. ______________ 16. _______________________ 在…… 方面流利 参加；参与 利用 参考；涉及 目前；现在 例如；像… 这样 此外；另外 代替；而不是 提出；想出 同意；赞成 与…… 不同 在…… 中起作用 学会；捡起 适应 取决于；依靠 共同；共有 be fluent in take part in make use of refer to at present such as in addition instead of come up with agree with differ from play a role in pick up adapt to depend on in common Unit 5 language around the world 三、句式积累 1.There are many reasons ，but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system.这之所以成为可能有很多原因，其中一个主要因素就是中国书写体系。 2.That writing system was in uniting the Chinese people and culture. 这种书写体系在凝聚中华民族和中华文化方面具有重要意义。 3.Even today, Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing.即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。 4.As China global affairs，an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China's culture and history through this amazing language. 随着中国在全球事务中扮演着越来越重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言欣赏中国的文化和历史。 why this has been possible of great importance no matter where plays a greater role in Unit 5 language around the world 19 语法串讲 即时检测 第三部分 语法串讲·融会贯通 定语从句的基本概念： Task1:定义： 。 Task2:先行词： 。 Task3:引导定语从句的词： 用来修饰名词或代词等的从句 也就是说，一个句子在另外一个句子中作定语就构成了定语从句。 被定语从句修饰的名词或代词等 关系词 定语从句 21 关系词 关系代词 关系副词 who, whom, which, that, whose, as when, where, why 关系词的作用 （1）连接主从句 （2）指代先行词 （3）充当成分， 在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语等。 22 关系代词 23 关系代词 指代对象 在从句中的成分 人 物 主语 宾语 定语 who whom that which whose as 关系代词引导的定语从句 √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ (√) (√) (√) (√) 一般作宾语时可以省略 that和which用法的区别 1.只能用that不用which的情况 (1)先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等 不定代词时。 I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow. Do you have anything (that) you don’t understand? (2)先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, few,much等修饰时。 I’ve read all the books that you lend me Please send us any information that you have about the subject. (3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。 This is the first book (that) he has read. It is the most beautiful city that I've ever seen. (4)先行词被the only, the very,the right, the last等修饰时。 This is the very book that belongs to him. He is the only person that was present at the time. (5)先行词既有人又有物时。 The famous writer and his works that the radio broadcast are popular to the students. (6)先行词是who或which引导的主句。 Who is the girl that drove the car? Which is the book that you like ? (7)主句以there be引导时。 There are more than 400,000 people that died or were injured in the earthquake 多少不一，恰人物最虚 2. 只用which不用that的情况 (1)关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾语(介词提前)。 There are many trees under which they can have a rest. This is the ring on which she spent 1000 dollars. (2)在非限制性定语从句中。 Football, which is a very popular game, is played all over the world. One who has nothing to fear dares to tell the truth. The ones who laugh at the disabled are not good students. Anyone who fails to finish the task should be punished. Those who want to go to The Great Wall sigh up here. 先行词是one, ones, anyone, those, he时用who. 二、只用who的情况 三、表所有关系及整体中的一部分或全部时用介词of, 有时可用whose转换。 1) I’m painting a house, the roof of which is round. -I’m painting a house whose roof is round. 2)They live in a house, whose windows face south. -They live in a house, the windows of which face south. 四、as引导的限制性定语从句 关系代词as引导限制性定语从句时，其先行词可以是________，也可以是________。as在从句作________、________或________等成分。 此时，定语从句的先行词与such, the same连用或先行词本身就是the same。 I would like to use the same pen ________ you used just now. Such a film ________you described should not be shown at all. The school is just the same ________ it was 10 years ago. 人 事物 主语 宾语 表语 as as as 关系副词 32 关系副词引导的定语从句 引导定语从句的关系副词有 。 当先行词是表示时间的名词并且关系词在从句中作状语时，用________引导定语从句； 当先行词是表示地点的名词并且关系词在从句中作状语时，用________引导定语从句； 当先行词是表示原因的名词并且关系词在从句中作 状语时，用________引导定语从句。 where when why when, where和why。 （1）当先行词为时间、地点、原因名词时，如果关系词在从句中不是作状语，而是作主语或宾语时，则用关系代词引导定语从句。 例如： The reason________________ he gave is that his mother was ill. The photos make me think of the happy days _________we spent together. This is the factory ________________they visited yesterday. (that/which) (that/which) (that/which) （2）当定语从句先行词是表示某人或物的情况（case, situation, position, condition），某事发展的阶段（stage），某事的某种地步（point）或某一领域（business, job, career, chair）等“模糊地点”时，常用where引导定语从句。例如： Have you ever had a case where your teacher misunderstood you?你是否遇到过老师误解你的情况？ The accident had reached a point where both their parents are to be called in.事情发展到如此地步，不得不请双方家长来一趟啦。 He got into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right and wrong. 他陷入一种难以分辨是非的局面。 （3）关系副词有时可以换成“介词+关系代词”。 例如： The reason why(=for which) he refused the invitation is not clear. I’ll never forget the day when (=on which) I joined the army. Great changes have taken place in the city where (=in which) I was born. （4）the way后面的定语从句，关系词若在从句中作状语，通常不用关系词，也可用________或________来引导。如： I don’t like the way ______________he laughed at me. Do it the way _______________ you were taught. that in which (that/in which) (that/in which) 介词+关系代词 38 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 The man (who/whom/that) you spoke to is my friend.你与之讲话的人是我朋友。 The house (that/which) she used to live in is pulled down.她过去居住的房子被拆了。 有时定语从句中与谓语搭配的介词可以提前放在关系词的前面，这样便形成了“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。 其中，关系代词只有whom （指人），which （指物）和whose （表所有）。此时，尽管这三个关系代词作宾语，但不能省略。 注意不能用who或that。 1.在“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，怎么选择介词？ （1）根据定语从句中的谓语动词与介词的搭配而定。 This is the teacher ________________ I borrowed the book. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ________________ she could turn for help. （2）根据定语从句中的形容词与介词的搭配而定。 Don’t bring children to see the animals ________________ they are afraid. （3）根据定语从句修饰的先行词与介词的搭配而定。 I'll never forget the time _______________ I spent my childhood in the country. I’ll never forget the day ________________ she said goodbye to me. to whom from whom of which during which on which borrow sth from sb turn to sb for help be afraid of during the time on the day 语法串讲 即时检测 第四部分 考场练兵·实战训练 1.The man came to our school is Mr. Wang. 2.The girl I met is Lucy. 3.Achild parents are dead is called Tom. 4.I like the book you bought yesterday. 5.I met an old friend in the street went abroad three years ago. 用适当的关系代词填空 who, that whom, who, that, / whose that, which, / who, that 一、单句语法填空 考场练兵·实战训练 6.I don’t like the man you just talked to. 7.I have a room window faces south. 8.I want to have a girlfriend is kind and beautiful. 9.I have a good friend father is a manager. who, that, whom, / whose who, that whose 考场练兵·实战训练 二、完成句子 1．This is the              film              I’ve seen since I came to Huazhou. 这是我来化州后看的第一部电影。 2．这就是那位全国知名的科学家。 This is the scientist _____________________________all over the country. (whose) 3．比尔说他在中国参观的第一个地方是故宫博物院。 Bill said that __________________ ___________ was the Palace Museum. 4．我永远不会忘记发生在我的童年里的那个意外事件，它给我留下了很深的印象。（that引导定语从句） Never will I forget the accident _____________________________, which left a deep impression on me.  first     that whose name is known the first place that he visited in China that happened in my childhood 考场练兵·实战训练 5．我们学校有丰富多彩的旨在扩大我们视野的课外活动。 There are colorful after­class activities in our school________________________________________． 7．只要你坚持下去，你梦想成真的那一刻一定会到来。 So long as you stick to it, the moment _____________________________ will definitely come. 8．她将自己置于危险的境地，而且很有可能丢掉性命。 She's got herself into a dangerous situation                             . 9．他是你能求助的人。 He is the man                     you can turn for help. 10．我绝不会忘记与她第一次相见的那一天。 I’ll never forget the day                      I first met her. that/which are designed/aimed to broaden our horizons when your dream comes true where she’s likely to lose her life to whom on which 考场练兵·实战训练 1.（2024新课标I卷）The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route _____ ____ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. 2.（2024新课标II卷）Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, _________ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. 3.（2024全国甲卷）Yellowstone was the largest United States national park - 2.2 million acres - until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, _________became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 4.（2024浙江1月卷）Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way _________ will make them the most money. which/that who that/which which/that 三、链接高考 考场练兵·实战训练 感谢聆听 每天解决一个小问题，每周攻克 一个薄弱点，量变终会引发质变。 教师寄语 $