课后分层练14-【正禾一本通】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修1同步课堂高效讲义配套练习（外研版）

[课后分层练14] (时间：45分钟　满分：77.5分) Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每小题1分，共8分) 1．He declined to take (take) part in the party last night because he was exhausted after a long­day work. 2．The unique characteristics (characteristic) of this culture are deeply rooted in its long history and traditions. 3．The students were blamed (blame) for cheating in the exam, which seriously violated the school's regulations. 4．Dating back to the 6th century, the art of paper­cutting is native to China. 5．Driving past the small village, we saw goats (goat) eating grass on the hillside. 6．Many species are on the edge of extinction (extinct) due to habitat loss and climate change. 7．The city's cultural diversity (diverse) is one of its greatest attractions.People from different ethnic backgrounds bring in their unique traditions. 8．The annual school sports meeting was declared (declare) open by the principal with an inspiring speech. Ⅱ.链接写作——完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 1．昨天我见到了我的初中英语老师。我已经三年没见到她了。 I met my junior English teacher yesterday.I had not seen her for three years． 2．我做完作业后，就出去和朋友们踢足球了。 After I had finished my homework, I went out to play football with my friends. 3．当晨钟敲响的时候，学生们早已来到教室，满怀热情地准备上第一节课。 By the time the morning bell rang, students had already arrived at the classroom，preparing for the first class with great enthusiasm. 4．他们一到达山顶，就被那美丽的景色惊呆了。 Hardly had they reached the top of the mountain，when they were amazed by the beautiful view. 5．这是她第一次在公共场合讲话，她非常紧张。 It was the first time that she had spoken in public，and she was very nervous. Ⅲ.链接写作——完成语段(每小题1.5分，共12分) During the May Day holiday, our class 1 organized a meaningful social practice activity (组织了一次有意义的社会实践活动).The aim was to let us understand the value of labor and develop a sense of caring for the elderly. Before we set off, 2 we had made careful plans (我们已经制定了详细的计划).3 When we arrived at the nursing home (当我们到达养老院时), we found that some students 4 had already started cleaning (已经开始打扫) the corridors.Others 5 had swept the rooms (已经清扫了房间) and changed the sheets.By noon, we 6 had prepared a delicious meal (已经准备好了美味的饭菜) for the elderly. The activity was really rewarding.We had realized that the elderly need our attention and love.This experience 7 had also taught us (也已经教会了我们) the importance of respecting and helping others.8 We all agreed that (我们都认为) it was an unforgettable and fulfilling May Day. Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2025·山东临沂高二上期中)BAM­bam­bam­bam­bam­bam­bam­bam.When the sound began a couple of weeks ago, our dog thought we were under attack.He ran between the storm door and the window back and forth, looking for attackers and barking his head off. What he's hearing are acorns (橡子) dropping from the white oak tree.The acorns hit the roof, I race outside, trying to beat the chipmunks (金花鼠).It's unusual for a grown woman to be racing chipmunks for chipmunk food, but I'm collecting acorns for a good reason. As Douglas W．Tallamy explains in his remarkable 2021 book, The Nature of Oaks, oaks are the central life form upon which so many other species in the wild depend.Hundreds of insects feed on oak leaves, and those insects in turn feed birds and even other insects.Oaks are commercially valuable, too, used in making everything from furniture to flooring. We understand the ecological benefits of oak trees.We understand how many commercial industries rely on wood from oaks.But even though we know those things, “Older white oak trees are not being replaced by younger white oak trees at a pace that will support long­term survival，” according to the White Oak Initiative.In my neighborhood, some giant old trees are cut down to make room for ever­bigger houses.Still, others are removed out of nothing more than fashion to “improve” the curb appeal of the house or to be replaced by a less “messy” tree, among other foolish reasons. With all the trees lost in my neighborhood, I have a plan for my acorns.It's possible to buy young trees from a nursery, of course, but oaks do better when planted from acorns, and now is the time to collect them.Last fall I tried to plant some acorns from a friend's chestnut oak, but the squirrels (松鼠) dug them all up and carried them off.This year I'll plant my acorns in flowerpots and protect them with bricks and wire mesh.Come spring, I'll hand the seedlings (幼苗) out like Easter eggs. [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。作者为保护橡树打算将橡子种在花盆并保护，来年春天分发幼苗。核心是强调橡树的重要性及作者的保护行动。 1．Why does the author race outside? A．To drive the chipmunks away. B．To prove she's a grown woman. C．To find out the reason for the sound. D．To gather acorns ahead of the chipmunks. 解析：选D。 细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句： 一个成年女人和金花鼠赛跑抢金花鼠的食物是不寻常的，但我收集橡子是有充分理由的。 可知，作者跑出去是为了赶在金花鼠之前收集橡子。故选 D。 2．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．The value of oaks. B．The spread of oaks. C．The decrease of oaks. D．The symbolism of oaks. 解析：选A。主旨大意题。第三段先是阐述了橡树是许多野生物种赖以生存的核心生命形式，体现了其生态价值，接着又说橡树在商业上也很有价值，用于制作从家具到地板等各种东西，所以整段主要讲的是橡树的价值。故选 A。 3．What does the author think of replacing oak trees with other trees? A．Necessary. B．Creative. C．Fashionable. D．Stupid. 解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句话：还有一些人仅仅因为时尚就移除了它们，以“改善”房屋的街道吸引力，或者用一棵不那么“杂乱”的树来取代它们，这是其他愚蠢的原因之一。可推断出，作者认为因为这些原因用其他树替换橡树是愚蠢的。故选 D。 4．What will the author do this year? A．Plant acorns in flowerpots. B．Buy oak seedlings from a nursery. C．Give away oak seedlings at Easter. D．Drive the squirrels out of the neighborhood． 解析：选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二句话 “This year I'll plant my acorns in flowerpots and protect them with bricks and wire mesh.” 可知，作者今年打算把橡子种在花盆里并用砖块和金属网保护起来。故选 A。 B (2025·山西晋城高二上期中)By the time you finish reading this, a species on Earth might disappear forever.Humans need a variety of animals, plants, and microorganisms for healthy living.Studies show that the decline in biodiversity, or the variety of life on Earth, causes a serious threat to our existence.My colleagues and I found that biodiversity is also important for mental health. Contact with nature benefits mental health，particularly for city residents.People living near green spaces have a 71% lower risk of developing depression and anxiety.However, most studies have not looked at how natural diversity influences these benefits.To explore this, we studied whether environments with many natural features, like trees, plants, and wildlife, improve mental health more than those with fewer features.From April 2018 to September 2023, 1，998 people used the Urban Mind app to report their environment and mental health over 41，000 times. We discovered that green spaces with high natural diversity offer more mental health benefits than those with low diversity.Participants reported that nearly a quarter of this positive impact was due to natural diversity, and these benefits could last up to eight hours.Our study suggests that to promote mental health, we should protect biodiversity.This means moving away from decorative gardens and parks with cut grass, which have low biodiversity, toward natural fields and streams that support a variety of plants and animals. Other studies support our findings.A survey of 15，000 families revealed that those living near areas rich in plants and birds had lower rates of mental health issues, even after accounting for social and economic differences.Our study adds that even brief, daily meets with biodiverse nature can improve mental health.Biodiverse nature wakens the senses, improves focus, and reduces mental tiredness.It also encourages outdoor exercise and social interaction, which improve mood.Additionally, diverse environments reduce pollutants and moderate temperatures, protecting against chronic (慢性的) conditions and stress. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，介绍了生物多样性对人类心理健康的重要性。研究发现，生活在自然多样性的环境中能显著降低抑郁和焦虑风险。 5．What does the passage say about the decline in biodiversity? A．It mostly harms animals. B．It is not important to humans. C．It is a serious danger to humans. D．It only happens in the countryside. 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第一段第三句话的描述：研究表明，生物多样性或地球上生命种类的减少对我们的生存造成了严重威胁。可知，生物多样性的减少对人类的生存构成严重威胁，故选C。 6．What conclusion does the study draw about green spaces? A．We should plant more trees in urban parks. B．We should reduce the focus on decorative gardens. C．We should limit public access to protect green spaces. D．We should shift from low biodiversity to natural diversity. 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句话的描述：这意味着要摆脱低生物多样性的装饰花园和公园的修剪草坪，向自然的田野和溪流，支持各种植物和动物的自然生物多样性过渡。可知，为了促进心理健康，要从低生物多样性转向支持多种植物和动物的自然生物多样性过渡。故选D。 7．What does the underlined word “moderate” most likely mean in Paragraph 4? A．Increase. B．Balance. C．Decrease. D．Manage. 解析：选B。词义猜测题。根据画线词前文“Additionally, diverse environments reduce pollutants.”和后文“protecting against chronic (慢性的) conditions and stress”可知，文中强调多样化的环境对健康有益，暗示温度既不能过高也不能过低，而是需要保持适中。moderate表达的是对温度的正面调节。所以balance(平衡)最符合文意，故选B。 8．What would be the best title for this passage? A．The Environmental Impact of Urban Parks B．The Benefits of Physical Activity in Nature C．How Social Interaction Improves Well­being D．How Natural Diversity Influences Mental Health 解析：选D。主旨大意题。文章开篇指出生物多样性对人类生存很重要，接着通过研究表明生物多样性对心理健康也很重要，接触自然特别是生物多样性高的环境能带来更多心理健康益处，最后进一步说明其他研究也支持这一观点。所以文章主要围绕自然多样性如何影响心理健康展开。故选D。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2025·四川成都高二上检测)Field trips have now become a popular and well­established method of education.A field trip is a journey organized by schools or educational institutions to a place outside of the classroom.1( ) Therefore, the activities during a field trip are often designed to provide them with hands­on experiences. Field trips can be taken to a variety of destinations.The most popular ones include museums, factories, zoos and botanical gardens.Field trips can also involve visits to historical sites and other places of interest.Sometimes even an outing to a park nearby can make a good field trip.2( ) Field trips help improve academic performance.Participants in a field trip are engaged in various activities about a subject matter.3( ) They could also pick up new knowledge through observation and interaction.Studies provide evidence that field trips can increase students' test scores. 4( ) During a field trip, students are exposed to interactive activities and novel experiences that are not often available in a classroom, which awakens their interest and helps them rediscover the joy in study.This may be particularly important for students who are struggling academically. A field trip can be challenging to organize due to factors such as high costs and safety concerns.5( ) Teachers regard this outing as a good way of helping students and developing a good relationship with them.Students, moreover, may remember the experience of the school field trip as a highlight of the school year. A．Field trips also promote a love of learning. B．That is why field trips are in decline in recent years. C．In this way, they could gain a better understanding of it. D．It is intended to help students learn in a real­world context. E．The quality of a field trip always depends on its destination. F．Still, it is believed that a well­chosen field trip is worth the difficulties. G．Whatever the destination is, the key is to make sure the trip is practical. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了实地考察，包括其具体内容、优点以及存在的缺陷。 1．解析：选D。设空处引起下文。根据下句：因此，实地考察中的活动通常旨在为他们提供实践经验。可知，实地考察是为他们提供实践经验。选项D“它旨在帮助学生在现实环境中学习。”与下文内容一致，指的都是实地考察的目的。其中“students”和下文的“them”一致。故选D。 2．解析：选G。设空处总结本段。该段介绍了实地考察可以去各种各样的目的地，如博物馆、工厂、动物园、植物园、历史遗迹等，甚至附近的公园也可以成为实地考察的好地方。G项“无论目的地是哪里，关键是要确保这次旅行具有实用性。”总结了前面关于目的地多样性的内容，强调了实地考察的关键要点，符合语境。故选G。 3．解析：选C。设空处承上启下。前文提到：实地考察的参与者会参与关于某个主题的各种活动。C项“通过这种方式，他们可以更好地理解这个主题。”“这种方式” 指代前面参与活动，说明了参与活动能带来更好理解主题的效果，与上下文衔接紧密。故选C。 4．解析：选A。设空处是段首句。此段后文提到：在实地考察期间，学生接触到课堂上不常见的互动活动和新奇体验，这激发了他们的兴趣，帮助他们重新发现学习的乐趣。A项“实地考察还能激发对学习的热爱。”起到了总领全段的作用，引出了后文关于激发学习兴趣和乐趣的内容。故选A。 5．解析：选F。设空处承上启下。前文指出：由于成本高和安全问题等因素，实地考察可能很难组织。后文提到：老师们认为这次外出是帮助学生和与他们建立良好关系的好方法。此外，学生们可能会将学校实地考察的经历铭记为一学年的亮点。F项“不过，人们认为精心选择的实地考察值得克服这些困难。”起到了转折作用，既承认了组织实地考察有困难，又强调了其价值，与前后文逻辑相符。故选F。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2025·安徽合肥高二上期中)Around 10，000 years ago, as people in present­day West Asia began to domesticate (培育) wheat and barley, a similar development took place in China, 1 people began to cultivate rice.This marked the emergence of rice agriculture, which 2 (have) a profound influence on people's lives in various parts of the world ever since. For years, Shangshan Culture, 3 Neolithic culture from 11，000 to 8，500 years ago in the Jinqu Basin in the middle and western part of East China's Zhejiang Province, has been widely recognized as a source of rice agriculture 4 many related relics found in its sites.A new discovery may add insights into the Shangshan people's rice domestication, 5 (announce) by the National Cultural Heritage Administration in Beijing on Sept.13. The Huangchaodun Site, 6 (date) back 9，300 to 8，000 years in Quzhou, Zhejiang, unveiled remnants(残迹) of settlements surrounded by a moat (护城河).More importantly, an area to the east of the settlements, covering 15，000 square meters, is 7 (possible) the earliest rice field ever discovered with a dense distribution of rice phytoliths (植物岩), or 8 (remain) of rice. Zhou Dongya, a member of the archaeological team, told Zhejiang Daily, “We generally believe 9 is hard for a rice field to be preserved for several thousand years.Only under very special conditions, could the field have continued to be utilized by people of later generations.We still need further studies 10 (confirm) if it was really a rice field.” [语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲在金衢盆地关于上山人培育水稻的新发现。 1．解析：where。考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词China。先行词在从句中充当地点状语，要用关系副词where引导。故填where。 2．解析：has had。考查动词时态和主谓一致。设空处是定语从句的谓语动词，根据从句中的时间状语ever since可知，要用现在完成时；先行词是主句所描述的事情，谓语动词要用单数形式。故填has had。 3．解析：a。考查冠词。设空处是同位语，解释前面的名词，泛指一种新石器文化，Neolithic发音是以辅音音素开头。故填a。 4．解析：with。考查介词。此处考查“with＋宾语＋宾补”结构，with的宾语是many related relics；宾补是found。故填with。 5．解析：announced。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语动词是may add；设空处是非谓语动词作定语，与其所修饰的名词a new discovery之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填announced。 6．解析：dating。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语动词是unveiled；设空处是非谓语动词作定语，与其所修饰的名词Site之间是主动关系，且date back to不能用于被动语态中。故填dating。 7．解析：possibly。考查副词。此处表达：可能是迄今为止发现的最早的稻田。设空处单词修饰句子的谓语动词is；所以要用其副词形式作状语。故填possibly。 8．解析：remains。考查名词的数。连词or连接两个名词。设空处表达：水稻的残留物。要用复数形式。故填remains。 9．解析：it。这里考查it is＋adj.＋to do句型，表示“做某事是 ……的”，为固定句型，其中it在这里作形式主语。故填it。 10．解析：to confirm。考查非谓语动词。此处表达：我们还需要进一步的研究来确认它是否真的是一片稻田。此空应填不定式作目的状语。故填to confirm。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $