课后分层练13-【正禾一本通】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修1同步课堂高效讲义配套练习（外研版）

[课后分层练13] (时间：45分钟　满分：76分) Ⅰ.单词拼写(每小题1分，共8分) 1．Littering in the school campus is a disgrace (耻辱) to the entire school, and we should all take responsibility to keep it clean. 2．It is said that his ancestor (祖先) was a renowned scholar, making great contributions to the field of literature. 3．A single seed (种子) planted in the fertile soil has the potential to grow into a magnificent tree. 4．The scientist carefully examined the sample (样本) under the microscope to identify its unique characteristics. 5．The heated debate among the students generated (产生) many innovative ideas about how to solve the environmental problems on campus. 6．The recent survey results revealed (揭示) a serious lack of communication between students and teachers. 7．Several small businesses profit (获益) a great deal from making unique handmade crafts that appeal to tourists. 8．Participating in a survival training program in the wild is an adventure (冒险) that tests your physical strength and mental toughness. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每小题1分，共8分) 1．The distant mountain peak, standing at a great distance from us, seemed like a mysterious giant covered in the clouds.(distant) 2．The technology has evolved rapidly in recent decades, and this evolution has transformed every aspect of our daily lives.(evolve) 3．She suspected that her friend was hiding something from her, and her growing suspicion made her feel uneasy about their friendship.(suspect) 4．The teacher predicted that most of the students would perform well in the upcoming exam, and her prediction turned out to be accurate.(predict) 5．Our school regularly organizes scientific (science) research projects for students, providing us with the opportunity to explore the world. 6．Scientists are constantly searching for signs of the existence (exist) of life on other planets through space exploration. 7．At lunchtime, the school cafeteria is crowded with students eager to get their favorite meals. 8．My study habits are similar to those of my elder sister, as we both prefer to review lessons in the evening and take detailed notes. Ⅲ.完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 1．正是这些热情的教师激励并引导着学生，培养他们对学习的热爱。 It is the passionate teachers that inspire and guide the students, cultivating their love for learning. 2．天空变得越来越暗，风也开始刮起来，似乎暴风雨就要来了。 It seemed that a storm was approaching as the sky grew darker and the wind began to blow. 3．我总是想知道其他学生是如何如此出色地平衡学业和课外活动的。 I always wonder how other students manage to balance their studies and extracurricular activities so well. 4．直到我加入了学校的篮球队，我才意识到团队合作有多么重要！ I didn't realize how important teamwork was until I joined the school basketball club. 5．这位老师把那些难懂的概念解释得如此清晰，以至于班上的每个学生都能轻松理解。 The teacher explains the difficult concepts so clearly that every student in the class can understand them easily． Ⅳ.课文语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) The captain of the ship，the Beagle, wanted someone to profit by visiting 1 distant (distance) countries.Luckily, Darwin got the opportunity, 2 although/though/but he was not the captain's first choice.Darwin was a geologist and naturalist, 3 fascinated (fascinate) by rocks, plants and animals.The journey gave him the chance 4 to study (study) various living things in their natural environments.After Darwin 5 had spent (spend) some time in South America, his room was crowded with samples of the plants and animals he had collected.He began to consider the question 6 how different species came to exist.He noticed that some species of animals were very similar to each other.Maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their 7 changing (change) environments? Darwin decided to find out the truth.In 1835, Darwin saw a variety of new species, but it was the birds 8 that interested him the most.After much research，he came to the 9 conclusion (conclude) that new species evolved from earlier ancestors.Darwin explained this theory in his book ，On the Origin of Species, which 10 is regarded (regard) as one of the most important works ever written.It has changed ideas about life on Earth forever, and it all began with the journey on the Beagle. Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2025·山东泰安高二上期中)Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo is one of the most popular zoos in China, and now due to its daily live streaming programs, the number of its followers has risen significantly. At the same time, more young people are joining the zoo as keepers, said Shen Zhijun, head of the zoo.Of the 140 keepers at the zoo, 40 percent of them were born after 1995, and 20 percent of the keepers were born after 2000. Jia Tianci, 28, takes care of about 20 wolves at the zoo, where he started work in 2020 after graduating from Nanjing Agricultural University with a bachelor' s degree in veterinary (兽医的) medicine.Born and raised in Nanjing, Jia dreamed of becoming a vet.His parents didn't understand his decision to become a keeper until they saw him take care of the wolves. “I feel content when the wolves are mentally and physically healthy.Although they obviously cannot speak like humans, I can tell from changes in their waste, such as its color and smell, whether they are healthy，” Jia said.In addition to acting as a keeper, Jia accompanies and chats with visitors to the zoo.“I remember my visit to a zoo during my childhood.I loved watching the monkeys and feeding them cookies.However, after becoming a keeper, I realized that this type of behavior was totally wrong，” Jia said.“People love interacting with animals, but the first thing we tell visitors is not to disturb them.Behaviors such as banging (猛敲) things, shouting at the animals and feeding them, are harmful.” In 2013, Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo started to employ young keepers who have master's degrees.Shen said that certain people considered the employment of graduates with such degrees to be a total waste of talent. “Taking care of wildlife, especially endangered species, is a highly demanding job that requires continuous study，” Shen said.“Working at a zoo also calls for a broad knowledge of subjects such as biology, zoology and environmentalism.” [语篇解读]这是一篇新闻报道。本文以南京红山森林公园为例，介绍了越来越多的年轻人加入动物园担任饲养员。 1．What has contributed to the popularity of Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo? A．Many animal lovers. B．Selling goods online. C．Daily live broadcast. D．Animal performances. 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第一段的描述：南京红山森林动物园是中国最受欢迎的动物园之一，现在由于每天都有直播节目，它的粉丝数量大幅增加。可知，南京红山森林动物园因其每日直播节目而受欢迎。故选C。 2．Why did Jia Tianci's parents disagree with his career choice at the beginning? A．They thought the job would be too boring. B．They were unaware of the job's significance. C．They thought their son wouldn't make ends meet. D．They expected their son would work in a cleaner environment. 解析：选B。推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句话的描述：他的父母一直不理解他成为饲养员的决定，直到他们看到他照顾狼群。 这说明贾天赐的父母最初不理解他成为饲养员的决定，直到看到他照顾狼才改变了看法。这表明他们最初对这份工作的意义并不了解。故选B。 3．What kind of job is an animal keeper in Jia Tianci's opinion? A．It is smelly but highly­paid. B．It is vital and risky. C．It is demanding but fulfilling. D．It is eye­catching and satisfying. 解析：选C。推理判断题。根据第四段中的“I feel content when the wolves are mentally and physically healthy.”以及“In addition to acting as a keeper, Jia accompanies and chats with visitors to the zoo.”可知，动物看护工作要求保证动物的身心健康，同时还需要陪伴游客聊天，所以要求是高的，但Jia Tianci认为动物看护工作虽然要求高但却很有成就感。故选C。 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．Whoever likes animals is fit for the job. B．Taking care of wildlife calls for cooperation. C．Few young people are joining the zoo as keepers. D．Visitors should behave themselves when visiting zoos. 解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句话的描述：人们喜欢与动物互动，但我们首先要告诉游客的是不要打扰它们。敲打东西、对动物大喊大叫和喂它们等行为都是不好的。可推断出，游客在参观动物园时应该自律，遵守行为规范。故选D。 B Using genes from coffee plants from around the world, researchers built a family tree for the world's most popular kind of coffee.Scientists call it Coffea arabica.Coffee lovers know it simply as “arabica”． The researchers recently published a new study about coffee.They found that the species appeared around 600，000 years ago.The plant was likely the result of natural breeding(繁殖) of two other coffee species and likely developed without the help of humans. Wild coffee plants likely started in Ethiopia.But they are thought to have been first roasted (炒) and brewed in Yemen starting in the 1400s.In the 1600s, Indian monk Baba Budan is said to have taken seven raw coffee beans back to his homeland from Yemen, laying the beginnings for coffee's worldwide takeover. Arabica coffee, loved for its smooth and sweet flavour, now makes up 60 to 70 percent of the global coffee market.The rest of the market is made up of robusta, a stronger and more bitter­tasting coffee made from one of arabica's parents, Coffea canephora. To learn about arabica coffee's past, researchers studied the genetic information and they also studied more than 30 different arabica plants.One of the plants was a sample from the 1700s provided by the Natural History Museum in London.The Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus used that plant to give coffee its scientific name.Researchers from Nestle, a big Swiss food company which owns several coffee brands, helped with the study. The arabica plant's population changed over thousands of years before humans began growing it.The arabica plants did well during warm, wet periods and suffered through dry ones.These difficult times created what scientists call “population bottlenecks”， when only a small number of genetically similar plants survived. Today, these genetic similarities mean arabica coffee plants are more likely to be hurt by diseases like coffee leaf rust (锈病), which causes costly losses every year.The researchers explored the makeup of one arabica variety that is resistant to coffee leaf rust.They are interested in parts of its genetic code that could help protect the plant. Exploring arabica's past and present could help give information about how to keep coffee plants healthy—ensuring morning cups of coffee into the future. [语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员利用来自世界各地的咖啡植物的基因，为世界上最受欢迎的一种咖啡建立了家谱。 5．When did people start creating coffee products probably? A．About 6，000，000 ago. B．In the 1400s. C．In the 1600s. D．In the 1700s. 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第三段第二句话的描述：但人们认为，从15世纪开始，它们首先在也门被烘烤和酿造。可知，人们大概是在15世纪开始生产咖啡产品的。故选B。 6．What can we learn about Coffea canephora from the text? A．It occupies the vast majority of the market share. B．It is more popular among coffee lovers. C．It has a certain connection with Coffea arabica. D．Scientists use it to give coffee its scientific name. 解析：选C。推理判断题。根据第四段第二句话的描述：市场的其余部分由罗布斯塔咖啡构成，这是一种味道更浓、更苦的咖啡，由阿拉比卡的上一代之一咖啡(Coffea canephora)制成。可推断出，Coffea canephora与阿拉比卡咖啡有一定的联系。故选C。 7．Why have researchers established a family tree for Coffee arabica? A．To search for common genes. B．To explore the history of the coffee industry. C．To open up new coffee producing areas. D．To improve the disease resistance of coffee. 解析：选D。细节理解题。倒数第二段中的描述：如今，这些基因相似性意味着阿拉比卡咖啡树更容易受到像咖啡叶锈病这样的疾病的伤害，这种疾病每年都会造成巨额损失。以及最后一段：探究阿拉比卡咖啡的过去和现在有助于获取关于如何种植健康咖啡的信息 ……由此推断出研究人员要建立阿拉比卡咖啡的家谱是为了提高咖啡的抗病性，培育出健康的咖啡品种。故选D。 8．What is a suitable title for the text? A．Genetic Changes in Coffee B．Researchers Study Coffee's Past C．Development of Various Types of Coffee D．The Situation Faced by the Coffee Industry 解析：选B。主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了研究人员对阿拉比卡咖啡的研究，包括其历史、基因组成以及如何提高其抗病性等方面。其中，探索阿拉比卡咖啡的过去是文章的一个重要内容，因此选项B“研究人员研究咖啡的过去”最适合作为文章标题。其他选项A、C、D都只是涉及文章内容的某个方面，不够全面。故选B。 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2025·四川威远中学检测)When it comes to my fathering lessons, few adventures compare to the motorcycle trips I've shared with my daughter, Ewa. Our first 1 ， in August 2017, was a winding (蜿蜒的) ride around the Catskills and Finger Lake districts of New York state.We 2 big highways and spent the week on 3 scenic back roads.At one point, I found myself 4 along a Catskills meadow not far from Woodstock, keeping pace with a deer and shouting, “Go Bambi, go！” On our second day, we 5 in a small town for ice cream.I asked the woman at the picnic table next to us: “What's the 6 of this town？” “Interlaken，” she answered.“Where are you trying to get to？”“We don't know，”I answered. It 7 to me then that I'd always wanted to do this no­schedule kind of trip, when you ride just for riding.Ask any middle­aged 8 ： We've all dreamed about doing the Easy Rider (逍遥骑士) thing, throwing our wristwatches into the ditch and heading toward the horizon without a 9 ．Now, travelling with no plan became a 10 of my rides with Ewa. Since we almost 11 knew where we were going, we were almost never 12 when we arrived, pulling 13 the road at the end of each day with satisfaction.The reason to celebrate? We 14 ！ The truth is that life on a motorbike is one close call (死里逃生) after another.On the way, riders must stay 15 100 percent of the time.A tiny stone can be deadly.I used to be nervous, but Ewa had a different take: “To me, motorcycling is like meditation(冥想).” [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和女儿一起骑摩托车旅行的经历，他们没有具体的计划和目的地，只是随意地骑行，享受旅途中的美景和冒险。 1． A．sail B．flight C．goal D．journey 解析：选D。根据下文 “a winding ride around the Catskills and Finger Lake districts of New York state” 可知，作者和女儿进行的是一次骑行之旅，所以这里指的是他们的第一次 “旅程”(journey)。故选D。 2． A．avoided B．chose C．built D．promoted 解析：选A。根据前文“a winding (蜿蜒的) ride”和后文“spent the week on 3 scenic back roads”可知，作者和女儿避开了(avoid)高速公路，选择在弯曲、风景优美的小路上骑行。故选A。 3． A．straight B．twisty C．main D．broad 解析：选B。前文提到 “a winding ride”，说明旅程路线蜿蜒曲折，所以这里应是在 “蜿蜒的”(twisty)风景优美的乡村小路上骑行。 故选B。 4． A．walking B．running C．riding D．laughing 解析：选C。文章讲述的是摩托车骑行之旅，所以作者是 “骑行”(riding) 在卡茨基尔山的草地上。故选C。 5． A．settled B．stopped C．landed D．moved 解析：选B。根据 “for ice cream” 可知，他们在一个小镇 “停下来”(stopped) 去买冰淇淋。故选B。 6． A．population B．rule C．name D．position 解析：选C。根据回答 “Interlaken” 可知，作者问的是这个小镇的 “名字”(name)。故选C。 7． A．occurred B．happened C．mattered D．referred 解析：选A。“It occurred to sb.that...” 是固定句型，意为 “某人突然想到 ……”，这里表示作者突然想到自己一直想进行这种无计划的旅行。故选A。 8． A．engineer B．bicyclist C．chemist D．motorcyclist 解析：选D。文章讲述的是摩托车骑行，所以这里指的是任何中年 “摩托车骑手”(motorcyclist)。故选D。 9． A．destination B．reaction C．exploration D．explanation 解析：选A。前文提到 “throwing our wristwatches into the ditch and heading toward the horizon without a．..”，结合无计划旅行的语境，这里指的是没有 “目的地”(destination)。故选A。 10．A．course B．benefit C．feature D．present 解析：选C。根据上文可知，无计划旅行成为了作者和 Ewa 骑行的一个 “特点”(feature)。故选C。 11．A．never B．always C．completely D．absolutely 解析：选A。前文提到他们进行无计划的旅行，所以几乎 “从不”(never) 知道要去哪里。故选A。 12．A．satisfied B．disappointed C．surprised D．frightened 解析：选B。因为他们没有计划，不知道要去哪里，所以到达时几乎从不 “失望”(disappointed)。故选B。 13．A．out B．in C．off D．down 解析：选C。“pull off the road” 是固定短语，意为 “靠边停车”，这里指他们每天骑行结束时把车停靠路边，感到很满足。故选C。 14．A．grew B．failed C．waited D．survived 解析：选D。后文提到 “life on a motorbike is one close call after another”，说明摩托车骑行很危险，所以这里庆祝的原因是他们 “活下来了”(survived)。故选D。 15．A．silent B．smooth C．careful D．energetic 解析：选C。根据 “A tiny stone can be deadly.” 可知，骑行时路上一个小石子都可能致命，所以骑手必须时刻保持 “小心”(careful)。故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $